Unit 3 第3课时 Grammar（同步课件）英语译林版九年级下册

Unit 3 Robots Grammar 1 1.掌握本课重点词汇：pill,unsure,forgetful,stair,battery; 2.探究并掌握宾语从句的简化规则: 2.1.用“宾语+宾语补足语”将宾语从句转换成简单句; 2.2.用“疑问词+动词不定式”将宾语从句转换成简单句; 3. 用“动词不定式”将结果状语从句和目的语从句转换成简单句。 Language goals Lead-in 01 3 He saw that the robot was making breakfast. 主句 宾语从句 引导词 Lead in Can you tell me how I can get to the train station? 主句 宾语从句 引导词 Miss Wang is so patient with her students that they like her a lot. 主句 结果状语从句 引导词 Lead in I dream of having a long vacation so that I can have more time to travel. 主句 目的状语从句 引导词 All of the above sentences are ___________ 复合句 Lead in Today we are exploring the conversion between complex sentences and simple sentences. 复合句和简单句的转换 6 Grammar 02 7 宾语补足语 Part A 宾语补足语: 指在英语中有些动词无法传达完整的句意， 必须使用一个其他的句子成分，来补充说明 宾语的意义、状态等，称为宾语补足语，简称宾补。 A woman saw the accident happen. 宾语 补足语 (1) (2) (3) (4) 8 He saw that the robot was making breakfast. He found that his flat was in a complete mess. He thinks that it is too much trouble to own a robot. He saw the robot making breakfast. He found his flat in a complete mess. He thinks it too much trouble to own a robot. Part A Using object clauses or objects + object complements Sometimes we use objects + object complements to replace object clauses. “宾语+宾语补足语”替代宾语从句将复合句改为简单句 形式宾语 真正宾语 宾语补足语 宾语补足语 (1)感知动词： see, find, think, believe 等， 后面可以跟宾语和宾语补足语，表示对宾语的看法或感知。 I found that the movie is very interesting(宾语从句). I found the movie (宾语) very interesting (宾语补足语)。 (2) 使役动词：make, let, have 等， 后面可以跟宾语和宾语补足语，表示使某人处于某种状态或做某事。 He made me feel that I am very happy. He made me (宾语) very happy (宾语补足语)。 (3)宾语补足语结构： see, notice, hear, watch+ sb. + do / doing find, make, think, feel, keep ,leave+ sb. + adj. find, make, think, feel + it + adj. + to do sth. consider, make, find+ sb.+ 介词短语 “宾语+宾语补足语”与宾语从句转换 句型转换 (一) Grammar (1) (2) (3) (4) 10 Before the robot went wrong, Mr Jiang was talking on the phone with his mother about it. Use an object clause to rewrite each of his sentences. Part A Talking about the robot. 11 1. Every day, I notice the robot busy with all kinds of housework. 2. When I get up, I find my breakfast ready. 3. When I come back from work, I find my flat as good as new. 4. I consider the robot a great help in my daily life. 5. I feel it comfortable to live with a robot. Part A Talking about the robot. 宾语补足语 ➜ When I get up, I find that my breakfast is ready. ➜ When I come back from work, I find that my flat is as good as new. ➜ I consider that the robot is a great help in my daily life. ➜ I feel that it is comfortable to live with a robot. ➜ Every day, I notice that the robot is busy with all kinds of housework. 12 The robot no longer knew when it should cook breakfast. Mr Jiang did not know what he should do with the robot. The robot no longer knew when to cook breakfast. Mr Jiang did not know what to do with the robot. Part B Using object clauses or question words + to-infinitives Sometimes we use objects + object complements to replace object clauses. 特殊疑问词 + to do 替代宾语从句将复合句改为简单句 特殊疑问词 + to do (1)含有特殊疑问词的宾语从句，当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语一致， 主句的谓语动词通常是know, remember, learn, forget等 She has known where she will hide. She has known where to hide. My mother didn’t tell me when I would meet her . My mother didn’t tell me when to meet her . (2)注意： 疑问词why不能和动词不定式连用； 疑问词在宾语从句中作主语时不能改成动词不定式：who, what。 如：Who is over there? What is happening? What is the matter? What is wrong with you?  “含有特殊疑问词的宾语从句”转换为简单句 句型转换 (二) Grammar (1) (2) (3) (4) 14 Mr Jiang wrote a letter to his mother before going on a business trip. Use a question word + to-infinitive to replace each object clause. Write them above the clauses. Part B HelpingMr Jiang look after his mother 15 Dear Mum, I am going on a business trip to Shenzhen tomorrow. I have asked my robot to look after you while I am away.You have a serious heart problem and have to take medicine every day.However, you have a poor memory and often forget when you should take your pills. My robot will remind you to take them at the right time. If you want to go out, my robot will help you find your coat—you are always unsure where you could find your clothes. My robot will go to the supermarket to buy some fruit and vegetables for you, as you often cannot decide which you should choose at the supermarket. You often feel lonely because you do not know who you can talk to, and my robot will try to do something to make you happy. Take care and I will see you soon! Yours, Jiang Shan Part B Find out the object clauses and replace them. when to take where to find which to choose who to talk to 16 1. Mr.Jiang is always so busy that he does not have any time for hobbies. 2.The robot is so smart that it can do a lot of things for Mr. Jiang. 3. Mr.Jiang plans to buy a robot so that he can have more free time. Mr. Jiang is always too busy to have any time for hobbies. The robot is smart enough to do a lot of things for Mr. Jiang. Mr. Jiang plans to buy a robot in order to have more free time. Part C Using adverbial clauses or to-infinitives We can also use to-infinitives to replace some adverbial clauses expressing results or purposes .我们可以使用不定式来替代一些表达结果或目的的状语从句。 so that...引导的目的状语从句 可以用in order to... 来转换。 so...that...引导的结果状语从句可以用too...to.../not... enough to...来转换。 (1)so... that引导的结果状语从句是否定句， 若从句主语和主句的主语一致，可用“too...to...”结构转化为简单句； 若从句主语与主句的主语不一致，可转换为too...for sb. to的结构。 She is so young that she can’t dress herself. She is too young to dress herself. The box is so heavy that he can’t carry it. The box is too heavy for him to carry.  (2)so that引导目的状语从句，可用 in order to转化为简单句。 She studied hard so that she might pass the exam. She studied hard in order to pass the exam.   Grammar so…that…/so that引导的状语从句转换为简单句 (2)so... that引导的结果状语从句是肯定句， 若从句的主语和主句的主语一致，可用 “enough to”结构将其转化为简单句； 若从句的主语与主句的主语不一致，可转换为enough for sb. to的结构。 He is so clever that he can solve any problem easily. He is clever enough to solve any problem easily. he box is so light that he can carry it. The box is light enough for him to carry.   句型转换 (三) (1) (2) (3) (4) 18 Mr Jiang’s mother was very pleased with the robot. She is telling Mr Jiang on the phone about her life with the robot. Rewrite her sentences with to-infinitives. Part C The robot was great！ 19 1. I was so forgetful that I didn’t lock the door last night. ➜ I was too forgetful ______________________________. 2. The robot was so careful that it reminded me of this. ➜The robot was careful enough ____________________. 3.I was so weak that I couldn’t go up and down the stairs often. ➜I was too weak _______________________________________ . 4.The robot was so kind that it bought me everything I needed . ➜The robot was kind enough_____________________________. 5. Sometimes I took a walk with it so that I could have a better sleep. ➜Sometimes I took a walk with it in order to ____________________. Part C Rewrite these sentences with to-infinitives. to lock the door last night so...that...表否定， 主语一致 so...that...表肯定， 主语一致 to remind me of this so...that...表否定， 主语一致 to go up and down the stairs often to buy me everything I needed so that引导目的状语从句 have a better sleep. so...that...表肯定， 主语一致 20 Language points 03 21 (1)consider ...as 把...看做 常用被动结构 be considered as... “被认为/看做” Purple is considered as the noblest color. (2) consider...to be 把...看做 The award is considered to be a great honor. (4)consider+that 从句 We consider that it is the best choice. Language points 1.I consider the robot a great help in my daily life. consider v. 认为，考虑 Point (3) consider doing sth 考虑做某事 We are considering buying a new car. 用法 (1) (2) (3) (4) 22 Summary 04 23 (1)宾语+宾语补足语 替代宾语从句将复合句转换成简单句 (2) 疑问词+动词不定式 替代宾语从句将复合句转换成简单句 (3)动词不定式 替代结果状语从句或目的状语从句将 复合句转换成简单句 Summary Summary 简单句和复合句之间的转化 (1) (2) (3) (4) 24 See you $$