话题14 历史人物与故事-【一战成名新中考】2025辽宁中考英语（人教版）·一轮复习·话题读写进阶训练优质课件PPT（练册）

英语 1 第一部分 高频话题专练 范畴二 人与社会 2 ［话题角度：中国历史人物，历史故事］ 【教材单元链接】 人教 沪教 八(下)Unit 6 历史人物与历史故事 八(上)Unit 6 “草船借箭”和“木马计” 九(上)Unit 1 历史名人 九(上)Unit 2 历史名人 话题14 历史人物与故事 3 优质语篇 Passage 1【2024赤峰改编】 【核心词句预知】 1.look back on ____________ 2.as…as… ________________ 3.such…that… ____________________ 4.take off _________________________________ 回首，回顾 和……一样…… 如此……以至于…… 取下；脱掉(衣服)；(飞机等)起飞 4 5.expect to do sth. ______________ 6.accept one's invitation ________________ 7.to one's surprise ________________ 8.refer to ________ 9.be impressed by ______________________ 10.keep in mind ______ 期待去做某事 接受某人的邀请 令某人惊讶的是 指…… 留下印象；被……打动 记住 5 You must have heard of me. I'm Li Bai. I'm famous for my poems, but looking back on my frustrating and exciting life, I'd say friendship has been just as important as poetry. One of my friends is He Zhizhang who is forty-two years older than me. Once we were having such an interesting conversation that we decided to continue it over dinner. After finishing the meal, we realized that neither of us had brought any money. He immediately took off the golden tortoise(龟) decorated on his waist and used it to pay for our dinner. I knew the 6 golden tortoise was given to him by the Emperor. His generosity touched me. This showed how much he valued our friendship. A letter started another of my friendships. The letter was from Wang Lun. He wrote to invite me to enjoy the ten-li peach blossom(桃花) scenery and the ten thousand restaurants in his area. I was expecting to see the special scenery and taste all kinds of food and wine so that I accepted this invitation at once. But when I arrived, to my surprise, I found that this clever man had used word-play to trick me into his visiting! The ten-li peach blossom referred to a lake named Peach Blossom Lake, which was about ten li away. The ten thousand restaurants were just a restaurant named Wan Jia, meaning “owned by Mr. Wan”! I was impressed by his cleverness, and we enjoyed a good laugh together. Although my friends and I don't have many opportunities to get together, we keep one another in mind. 1.What is as important as poetry in Li Bai's heart? A. Art. B. Family. C. Friendship. D. Handwriting. 2.What does the underlined word “generosity” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A. 慷慨 B. 自私 C. 无奈 D. 耐心 √ √ 9 3.How did Wang Lun invite Li Bai? A. By sending him peach blossoms. B. By playing a word trick in a letter. C. By sending him a golden tortoise. D. By reading a poem about restaurants. 4.What might be the best title for the text? A. Li Bai and His Friends B. Li and the Peach Blossom C. Poets and Their Poetry D. He Zhizhang and Wang Lun √ √ 10 Passage 2 【核心词句预知】 1.be moved by ____________ 2.decide to do sth. ______________ 3.develop the ability to do sth. __________________ 4.as well as ________ 5.traditional medical skills ______________ 6.pass on ____________ 被……打动 决定去做某事 培养做某事的能力 也；又 传统医学技术 流传；传递 11 Have you heard about Bian Que? He is said to have performed the first heart transplant(心脏移植). Bian Que was born around the year 401 BC, but little is known about his early life. Before he became a . .1. ., he was said to work at a hotel. He met an old man with . .2. . medical skills during that period. The traditional medical skilled man was moved by the service of Bian Que, so he decided to . .3. . Bian Que his medical knowledge. Bian Que studied hard and . .4. . the ability to study the human body. 12 Bian Que later travelled from town to town to treat people. He treated the poor as well as the . .5. .. And it was said that he usually cured(治愈) people with . .6. . illnesses. For this reason, people at that time praised him. To improve his traditional medical skills, Bian Que learned from the . .7. . of other doctors. Then he invented his own methods. Bian Que is also thought to be the . .8. . of several famous works on traditional Chinese medicine. . .9. ., only small parts of them were passed on. The stories about Bian Que's life are still popular today. And there are many Chinese idioms(习语) about him. You can also . .10. . Jinan, Shandong Province, if you want to know more about it. 1.A. teacher B. doctor C. musician D. singer 2.A. amazing B. quiet C. broken D. sweet 3.A. learn B. sweep C. teach D. force 4.A. lost B. protected C. expected D. developed 5.A. rich B. old C. young D. healthy 6.A. serious B. common C. natural D. deep 7.A. expression B. pressure C. experience D. condition 8.A. reader B. writer C. reporter D. worker 9.A. Normally B. Sadly C. Suddenly D. Heavily 10.A. find B. compare C. think D. visit √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ 14 Passage 3【2024河南改编】 【核心词句预知】 1.hear of ______ 2.make a living ______ 3.fall asleep ____________ 4.medical treatment ____________ 5.happen to ____________ 6.be made into ____________ 7.and so on ______ 8.be considered as ____________ 听说 谋生 入睡，睡着 治疗；看病 碰巧，正好 被制成…… 等等 被认为…… 15 Have you ever heard of Bao Zheng or Bao Qingtian? Today, I'm going to tell you a story about Bao, which is popular among Chinese people. A young boy made a living 1.____ selling fried dough sticks(油条) in themarket. One day he 2.________(quick) fell asleep on a rock after he got 100 copper coins. When he woke up, he found 3.____ (he) coins were gone. The boy cried because the money 4.____________ by quickly his was needed 16 (need) to pay for the medical treatment of his sick mother. Bao happened to pass through the market. After knowing about the situation, he ordered everyone in the market 5._______(put) a coin into a basin(盆) filled with water. When a coin created an oil bloom (油花) in the water, Bao caught the man who dropped the coin and told everyone that he stole the 6.______(boy) coins. Bao explained, “The boy was 7.____ only one who sold oily products in the market and the man's coin to put boy's the was the only one that created an oil bloom in the basin. 8.____ he is the thief.” Many of the stories about Bao were made into some 9.________ (movie), novels, operas and so on. Today Bao is still considered as one of the 10.________(great) officials in history and is loved by Chinese people. movies greatest So What else do you know about Bao Zheng? Write 30 words or more. ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ He is an official in the Song Dynasty. He is famous for his braveness and fairness. Though in face of the upper officials, he didn’t give in. He dared to speak for the common people and managed to deal with problems for them. (言之有理、言之有物即可。) 【拓展设问】 19 Passage 4 【核心词句预知】 1.be known as ______________ 2.It is said that… __________ 3.hold up ____________ 4.talk big ________ 5.point to ______ 6.used to be ________ 7.mean doing sth. ______________ 8.show off ______ 作为……出名 据说…… 举起；提出 说大话 指向 曾经是 意味着做某事 炫耀 20 During the Warring States Period, there was a man called Ban from the State of Lu. People 1.________ (usual) called him Lu Ban. He 2.____________(know) as the most excellent carpenter(木匠) then. It is said that he once made 3.___ bird of wood. It was so lifelike that it flew in the sky for three 4.______(day). One day, a young carpenter came to a house which had a big red usually was known a days 21 door. He held up his ax 5._____ said, “I am a great carpenter. No matter what kind of wood it is, I can make it into anything.” Hearing this, people around him all laughed. “This young carpenter is 6.________(talk) big now,” they thought. One of them pointed to the big red door behind him and said, “Young man, can you make a 7._______(good) door than this one?” The young carpenter raised his head high 8._________(show) his confidence. And he said, “No problem! I used to be a student of Lu and talking better to show 22 Ban.” The crowd laughed again. Someone said, “This is Lu Ban's home. He made this door 9.________(he).” The young carpenter's face turned red and he ran away quickly. Thus comes the proverb “Ban Men Nong Fu”. It means showing off slight(微不足道的) skills in front 10.___ an expert. himself of Passage 5 【核心词句预知】 1.a valuable quality ________________ 2.disagree with ____________ 3.be in danger ____________ 4.pierce through ______ 5.put…into… ________________ 6.believe in ____________ 一种可贵的品质 不同意…… 处于危险中 刺穿 把……放进…… 信任；相信 24 Modesty is a valuable quality in many cultures around the world. In China, this is no different. However, the phrase “毛遂自荐” seems to disagree with this. During the Warring States Period, the Qin army marched(进军) on Handan, the capital of Zhao. Seeing that Handan was in danger, Prince Pingyuan asked for help from the State of Chu. He wanted to pick 20 talented people to go with him. However, he could only find 19 people who were good enough. Then, a man named Mao Sui volunteered. 25 Prince Pingyuan looked at Mao Sui with doubt. “How long have you been here with me?” “Three years,” Mao Sui answered. “I hear that a person with talent is like an awl(钻，锥) in a cloth bag. Its sharp point will soon pierce through the bag. You've been here for a long time, but I haven't seen any of your achievements,” said Prince Pingyuan. “What I'm asking you now is to put me into that bag. If you do that, I will pierce through it. But not only the point—the whole awl,” Mao Sui said confidently. 26 Prince Pingyuan allowed Mao to join his team, and Mao proved very helpful. Now the phrase “Mao Sui recommending himself” is used to describe someone who volunteers to do a task. However, there is a fine line between self-confidence and arrogance(傲慢). It's important to believe in yourself, but a strong ego(自我) can harm your career and professional relationships. So we recommend letting your work speak for itself.【推荐背诵】 27 1.When did the Qin army march on Handan? ________________________________ 2.How long had Mao Sui been with Prince Pingyuan? _______________ 3.What is the phrase “Mao Sui recommending himself” used to describe now? _______________________________________________________ During the Warring States Period. For three years. It's used to describe someone who volunteers to do a task. 28 4.What have you learned from Mao Sui? Write 30 words or more. ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ I have learned that we should be confident but not arrogant. We should recommend ourselves at the correct time, but remember that we ought to make ourselves strong enough first.(言之有理、言之有 物即可。) 29 Passage 6 【核心词句预知】 1.be against ______ 2.strong points ____________ 3.fight against __________________ 4.in ancient times ________ 5.follow this idea ______________ 6.make it one's goal ______________________ 反对 优点；强项 对抗；与……作战 在古代 遵循这个想法 把……作为某人的目标 30 There is a story in the book History as a Mirror (《资治通鉴》) by Chinese historian Sima Guang. Zhi Xuanzi was the head of a big clan(家族) in the State of Jin(770~476 BC). He wanted a clan member, Zhi Yao, to be his successor(继承人). However, another man in the clan, Zhi Guo, was against the idea. Zhi Guo listed some strong points of Zhi Yao. But Zhi Guo said that he had a big problem with his morals. 31 Still, Zhi Xuanzi didn't listen to the idea. Zhi Yao became the head of the clan. With his leadership abilities, he quickly made his clan the strongest in the State of Jin. However, because of his aggressive style, three other clans worked together to fight against the Zhi clan. Finally, the Zhi clan was beaten. Sima Guang used this story to stress the importance of morals. Having only talent is not enough for a great person. He said that excellent people must have both talent and virtue. Those who have virtue but no talent might work inefficiently. Those who have talent but no virtue might not use their talent properly. Those who have both talent and virtue were called xiancai in ancient times. If you ask which one is more important between the two, it must be virtue. In 2018, when President Xi Jinping talked with students and teachers at Peking University, he mentioned Sima Guang's ideas. He said good education should develop both a person's virtues and talents. Educators must follow this idea. As students, we can also make it our goal. 1.Who wrote the book History as a Mirror? ____________ 2.Why was Zhi Guo against Zhi Yao becoming the new leader? _____________________________________________________________ 3.What happened to the Zhi clan under Zhi Yao's leadership at last? ____________________________________________ Sima Guang. Because Zhi Guo thought he had a big problem with his morals. The Zhi clan was beaten by three other clans. 34 4.What should we students do according to the story? Write 30 words or more. _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ As students, we should not only try our best to gain more know- ledge, but also develop our virtues. Only one is far not enough to be a useful person.(言之有理、言之有物即可。) 35 $$