Unit5 A Delicate World阅读完形提高训练- 2024-2025学年高二英语专项提高训练必刷好题（外研版2019选择性必修第二册)

Unit5 A Delicate World阅读完形提高训练 - 2024-2025学年高二英语专项提高训练必刷好题 （外研版2019选择性必修第二册） 一、阅读理解 Passage1. The combined influence of climate change and expanding agriculture are causing insect populations to plummet in some parts of the world, according to a new study that determined the abundance of bugs has dropped by half in the hardest-hit places. Lead researcher, Dr. Charlie Outhwaite, said losing insect populations could be harmful not only to the natural environment, but also to human health and food security, particularly with loss of pollinators（传粉者）. “Our findings highlight the urgency of actions to preserve natural habitats, slow the expansion of high-intensity agriculture, and cut emissions to reduce climate change,” she added. In the latest study, the researchers pulled together data on the range and number of nearly20,000 insect species, including bees, ants, butterflies, grasshoppers and dragonflies, at about 6,000 different locations. In areas with high-intensity agriculture and significant warming, insect numbers have dropped by 49% and the number of different species by 27%, compared with relatively untouched places that have so far avoided the severest effects of climate change, according to the research, published in Nature. But the researchers said that setting aside areas of land for nature could create a place for insects, which need shade to survive in hot weather. “Careful management of agricultural areas, such as preserving natural habitats near farmland, may help ensure that vital insects can still thrive（兴旺）,” said Dr. Tim Newbold. Study researcher Peter McCann added, “We need to acknowledge how important insects are for the environment as a whole, and for human health and well-being, in order to address the threats we pose to them before many species are lost forever.” 1．Which word can best replace the underlined word “plummet” in Paragraph 1? A．Rise. B．Crash. C．Destroy. D．Explode. 2．What is the main idea of Paragraph 3? A．The results of the study. B．The problems with the study. C．What influences insects may have. D．What kinds of insects were included. 3．Why should areas of land for nature be set aside according to Dr. Tim Newbold? A．To provide earth. B．To provide shade. C．To supply fresh air. D．To supply energy. 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．Insects Are Thriving B．Climate Change Is Alarming C．Insects Are Dying off D．Land for Insects Is Expanding 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．B 4．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究表明，气候变化和农业扩张的共同影响正在导致世界上一些地区的昆虫数量急剧下降，研究人员呼吁采取积极措施保护昆虫。 1．词义猜测题。根据划线词的下文“according to a new study that determined the abundance of bugs has dropped by half in the hardest-hit places.(根据一项新的研究，在受影响最严重的地方，虫子的数量减少了一半。)”可推知，上文划线词的意思是“猛降、暴跌”的意思。故选B项。 2．主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“In areas with high-intensity agriculture and significant warming, insect numbers have dropped by 49% and the number of different species by 27%, compared with relatively untouched places that have so far avoided the severest effects of climate change, according to the research, published in Nature.(发表在《自然》杂志上的这项研究表明，与迄今为止避免了最严重气候变化影响的相对未受影响的地区相比，在高强度农业和显著变暖的地区，昆虫数量下降了49%，不同物种数量下降了27%。)”可知，第三段主要介绍了研究的结果。故选A项。 3．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“But the researchers said that setting aside areas of land for nature could create a place for insects, which need shade to survive in hot weather. “Careful management of agricultural areas, such as preserving natural habitats near farmland, may help ensure that vital insects can still thrive (兴旺),” said Dr. Tim Newbold.(但研究人员表示，为自然留出一些土地可能会为昆虫创造一个地方，昆虫需要阴凉处才能在炎热的天气中生存。蒂姆·纽博尔德博士说：“对农业地区进行精心管理，比如保护农田附近的自然栖息地，可能有助于确保重要昆虫仍然能够茁壮成长。”)”可知，根据蒂姆·纽博尔德博士的说法，把自然用地留出是为了给昆虫提供阴凉。故选B项。 4．主旨大意题。分析全文内容，再根据文章第一段“according to a new study that determined the abundance of bugs has dropped by half in the hardest-hit places.(根据一项新的研究，在受影响最严重的地方，虫子的数量减少了一半。)”可知，文章主要介绍了一项新的研究表明，气候变化和农业扩张的共同影响正在导致世界上一些地区的昆虫数量急剧下降，所以C选项“昆虫正在灭绝”能概括全文内容，适合用作文章标题。故选C项。 Passage2.A team of biologists and game preservationists from the University of NeuchÃtel, working with staff from multiple institutions in South Africa, has found that removing horns (角) from black rhinos (犀牛) to protect them from hunters may have social implications for the rhinos. Previous research has shown that rhinoceroses are under threat by hunters that kill them to illegally obtain their horns, which are a popular product. In this new effort, the research team was focused on the black rhinos that live in Africa. There are currently about 6,200 black rhinos in Africa, which have been given protected status. Unfortunately, despite armed rangers (护林员) watching over them, their numbers have dropped over the years. To prevent further losses, animal management authorities have authorized park administrators to remove the horns of many of the rhinos, removing the motive for hunting. Such removals have proven to be effective — hunting has ground to a halt under the programs. However, these programs are not a simple solution — removing horns safely is costly and puts workers and rhinos at risk of harm. Also, the horns grow back, and must be removed every 24 months. Less well understood is the impact on the rhinos after horn removal. To learn more, the researchers in this new effort studied the habits of black rhinos in the Manyoni Private Game Reserve in South Africa. The team started by making maps of the rhino range. They used data from sightings made before a dehorning project began in 2016 and then for sightings made over the subsequent years. They found that after the loss of a horn, male rhinos greatly reduced their range-some lost up to 80% of their territory. For some females, the team reports, the reduced range was even greater. The group repeated their work in nine other game reserves using 15 years of data — gathering and found similar results. The researchers also found that the removal of horns made the black rhinos less social with one another — instead of interacting, they would intentionally avoid one another. 1．What is paragraph 2 mainly about concerning the rhinos? A．The role of armed rangers in protecting them. B．The consequence of dehorning them. C．The decline in their population. D．The vale their horns. 2．What does the phrase “has ground to a halt” underlined in paragraph 3 mean? A．Has changed temporarily. B．Has continued steadily C．Has started illegally. D．Has stopped gradually. 3．What might be the researchers’ attitude to dehorning rhinos? A．Favorable. B．Tolerant. C．Sympathetic. D．Disapproving. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文，来自纳沙泰尔大学的一组生物学家和动物保护者与南非多个机构的工作人员合作研究发现，为保护黑犀牛免受猎人捕杀而去除它们的角可能会对犀牛产生社会影响，文章围绕这一内容展开了相关阐述与分析。 1．主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“Previous research has shown that rhinoceroses are under threat by hunters that kill them to illegally obtain their horns, which are a popular product.(此前的研究表明，犀牛正受到猎人的威胁，他们为了非法获取犀牛角而杀害犀牛，犀牛角是一种很受欢迎的产品)”及“Unfortunately, despite armed rangers (护林员) watching over them, their numbers have dropped over the years.(不幸的是，尽管有武装护林员看守着它们，但多年来它们的数量还是下降了)” 可知，该段主要是在讲黑犀牛种群数量的下降情况，故选C项。 2．词义猜测题。根据前文“Such removals have proven to be effective (这样的去角举措已被证明是有效的)”以及后文“under the programs(在这些项目下)”可知，因为去角举措有效，所以在这些项目下狩猎应该是逐渐停止了，“has ground to a halt”意思是逐渐停止，与Has stopped gradually意思相近，故选D项。 3．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“They found that after the loss of a horn, male rhinos greatly reduced their range — some lost up to 80% of their territory. For some females, the team reports, the reduced range was even greater. The group repeated their work in nine other game reserves using 15 years of data - gathering and found similar results. The researchers also found that the removal of horns made the black rhinos less social with one another — instead of interacting, they would intentionally avoid one another.(他们发现，失去犀牛角后，雄性犀牛的活动范围大大缩小——有些犀牛失去了多达80%的领地。研究小组报告说，对于一些雌性犀牛来说，活动范围的缩小甚至更大。该小组利用15年的数据收集在其他九个野生动物保护区重复了它们的工作，并发现了类似的结果。研究人员还发现，犀牛角的移除使黑犀牛彼此之间的社交性降低——它们会有意避开彼此，而不是互动。)”可知，割掉犀牛角对犀牛有很多负面影响，由此可以推断出研究者对于给犀牛去角这一做法是不赞同的，故选D项。 Passage3.Sulphur-crested cockatoos (葵花凤头鹦鹉) are common in western Australia, where they normally live in wooded areas. But as forests have been cut down, cockatoos have gotten used to living near people. Scientists report that people in Sydney, Australia are in a battle with these birds. Last year, scientists at the Max Planck Institute reported that the cockatoos had learned how to open the covers of trash bins for food. That’s not an easy job. The cockatoos must lift the heavy cover with their beaks (喙) and then walk along, pushing the cover up until it falls over. When scientists first began studying the cockatoos in 2018, only three areas in Sydney had cover-opening cockatoos. A year and a half later, cockatoos in 44 different areas knew the trick. This time the scientists decided to study further. They weren’t just studying cockatoos. They were also studying humans. The scientists spent weeks studying more than 3,200 trash bins in four different areas of Sydney. They wanted to see how many bins were protected and what methods were used. In one area, over half the bins were protected. The most common way of protecting the bins was to put a brick or some other heavy objects on the cover. Some people put things like rubber snakes on the top of their bins. The scientists discovered that the humans were teaching each other tricks, too. In most neighborhoods, many people used the same cockatoo -stopping methods as their neighbors. The researchers say, “It’s like a race between humans and cockatoos to learn new ways of doing things. Now many cockatoos have learned how to push heavy items off the bins. As a result, humans have figured out ways to attach the items to the top of their bins.” The researchers describe the situation as a “human-wildlife conflict” “We expect these conflicts to become more common as humans take over more areas that used to be wild. We’d better understand the animals we share our lives with, and be patient with them,” they add. 1．What can we learn about sulphur-crested cockatoos from the text? A．They like copying humans’ behavior. B．They are highly intelligent birds. C．They are good at walking for long hours. D．They are newly found in Australia. 2．What did the scientists find in their further research? A．How humans responded to the birds’ trick. B．When the birds were able to win the battle. C．Why the birds in more areas did the trick. D．How the cockatoos learned to do the trick. 3．What do the researchers mean in the last paragraph? A．Humans have better ability to learn. B．The birds intended to make humans angry C．There are different kinds of ways to open bins. D．Humans should change their attitudes to wildlife. 4．Which of the following would be the best title for the text? A．How to Help “Homeless” Cockatoos. B．A Human-Land Conflict in Australia. C．Cockatoos Caused Humans a Terrible Problem. D．A Battle for Bins between Cockatoos and Humans. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在澳大利亚的悉尼，由于森林的砍伐，葵花凤头鹦鹉习惯了靠近人类生活，并与人类开始了“争夺垃圾桶”大战。 1．推理判断题。根据第二段“Last year, scientists at the Max Planck Institute reported that the cockatoos had learned how to open the covers of trash bins for food. That’s not an easy job. (去年，Max Planck研究所的科学家报告称，葵花凤头鹦鹉学会了如何打开垃圾箱的盖子来获取食物。这可不是一件容易的事)”和最后一段“Now many cockatoos have learned how to push heavy items off the bins. (现在，许多葵花凤头鹦鹉已经学会了如何将重物从垃圾箱上推下来)”可知，葵花凤头鹦鹉学会了如何打开垃圾箱的盖子来获取食物并学会了如何将重物从垃圾箱上推下来，所以葵花凤头鹦鹉很聪明。故选 B。 2．细节理解题。 根据第三段“This time the scientists decided to study further. They weren’t just studying cockatoos. They were also studying humans. (这次，科学家们决定进一步研究。他们不仅仅在研究葵花凤头鹦鹉，还在研究人类)”、第四段“They wanted to see how many bins were protected and what methods were used. (他们想要了解有多少垃圾箱受到了保护，以及使用了哪些方法来保护这些垃圾箱)”以及第五段“In one area, over half the bins were protected. The most common way of protecting the bins was to put a brick or some other heavy objects on the cover. Some people put things like rubber snakes on the top of their bins. The scientists discovered that the humans were teaching each other tricks, too. In most neighborhoods, many people used the same cockatoo -stopping methods as their neighbors. (在一个区域，超过一半的垃圾箱得到了保护。最常见的保护方法是在盖子上放置砖头或其他重物。有些人甚至在垃圾箱顶部放上橡胶蛇等物品。科学家们发现，人类之间也在互相传授防止葵花凤头鹦鹉的技巧；在大多数社区里，许多居民使用的防鹦鹉方法和他们的邻居相同)”可知，在进一步的研究中，科学家们发现了人类是如何回应葵花凤头鹦鹉的这种行为的。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段““We expect these conflicts to become more common as humans take over more areas that used to be wild. We’d better understand the animals we share our lives with, and be patient with them,” they add. (“我们预计，随着人类占用越来越多曾经是野生的区域，这类冲突将会变得更加常见。我们最好了解与我们共存的动物，并对它们保持耐心，”他们补充道)”可知,研究者认为是人类占领了这些野生动物的生存地，应理解它们，并对它们有耐心,，所以人类应该转变对它们的态度。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。根据文章内容尤其是第一段“Scientists report that people in Sydney, Australia are in a battle with these birds. (科学家报告称，澳大利亚悉尼的人们正在与这些鸟类进行一场战斗)”可知，本文主要介绍了在澳大利亚的悉尼， 葵花凤头鹦鹉与人类就垃圾桶进行着拉锯战。故选D。 Passage4.According to official government figures, there are more than twice as many kangaroos as people in Australia, and many Australians consider them dangerous. It is reported that kangaroos are involved in more than 80 percent of the 20,000 vehicle-animal accidents each year. In the country’s under-populated region, the common belief is that kangaroo numbers have rocketed to “pandemic (大规模流行的) percentage”. It is believed that killing kangaroos is critical to boosting the economy. Meat, skins and leather from kangaroos have been sold to 56 countries. Global brands such as Nike, Puma and Adidas buy strong, soft “k-leather” to make athletic products. And kangaroo meat is finding its way into more and more grocery stores. Advocates point out that low-fat, high-protein kangaroo meat is more environmentally friendly than greenhouse gas-releasing sheep and cattle. John Kelly, former executive director of the Kangaroo Industry Association of Australia, says, “Harvesting our food from animals adapted to Australia’s environment is extremely wise and sustainable. Many ecologists will tell you that there is no more humane way of producing red meat.” Opponents of the industry call the killing inhumane, unsustainable and unnecessary. Dwayne Bannon-Harrison, a member of the Yuin people of New South Wales, says the idea that kangaroos are destroying the country is laughable. “They’ve been walking in this land a lot longer than people have,” he says. “How could something that’s been here for thousands of years be ‘destroying’ the country? I don’t understand the logic in that.” Can Australians’ disagreement on kangaroos be solved? George Wilson, a professor from Australian National University, says that if kangaroos were privately owned, then graziers (放牧人) would protect the animals, treating them as possessions (财产). They could feed them, lease them, breed them and charge hunters a fee for access. “If you want to protect something,” Wilson says, “you have to give it a value. Animals that are considered dangerous don’t have value.” If kangaroos were more valuable than cattle or sheep, landholders would work with the kangaroo industry on branding, marketing and quality control. The government’s role would be oversight and regulation. 1．What do we know from the article? A．Kangaroos are to blame for most accidents. B．Global brands make small profits on kangaroos. C．Kangaroos are relatively friendly to the environment. D．Over-populated kangaroos are doing great harm to the country’s economy. 2．Why does Dwayne Bannon disagree to kill kangaroos? A．Because it is laughable. B．Because it is destroying the country. C．Because they have existed on Earth longer than man. D．Because they live in harmony with people. 3．Which of the following might be the benefit of privatization (私有化)? A．The popularity of kangaroo hunting. B．The reduction in the number of kangaroos. C．The establishment of more conservation areas. D．The better management of the kangaroo industry. 4．What is the purpose of this passage? A．To argue against the killing of kangaroos. B．To provide a solution to the problem caused by kangaroos. C．To present different opinions on the kangaroo industry. D．To stress the importance of protecting kangaroos. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要就袋鼠在澳大利亚的影响展开讨论，介绍了其经济与生态效益，以及对于袋鼠管理的不同观点。 1．细节理解题。根据第三段“Advocates point out that low-fat, high-protein kangaroo meat is more environmentally friendly than greenhouse gas-releasing sheep and cattle. (支持者指出，低脂、高蛋白袋鼠肉比释放温室气体的绵羊和牛更环保)”可知，袋鼠是比绵羊和牛更环保的动物，即相对而言袋鼠对环境更友好。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段“Dwayne Bannon-Harrison, a member of the Yuin people of New South Wales, says the idea that kangaroos are destroying the country is laughable. “They’ve been walking in this land a lot longer than people have,” he says. “How could something that’s been here for thousands of years be ‘destroying’ the country? I don’t understand the logic in that.” (新南威尔士州尤因人Dwayne Bannon Harrison表示，袋鼠正在摧毁这个国家的想法是可笑的。他说：“它们在这片土地上行走的时间比人们长得多。”。“在这里存在了数千年的物种怎么会“摧毁”这个国家？我不明白其中的逻辑。”)”可知，Dwayne Bannon认为在这片土地上，袋鼠比人类存在的时间更长，即袋鼠本来就生活在这里，所以Dwayne Bannon不同意杀死袋鼠。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段“If kangaroos were more valuable than cattle or sheep, landholders would work with the kangaroo industry on branding, marketing and quality control. The government’s role would be oversight and regulation. (如果袋鼠比牛或羊更有价值，土地所有者将与袋鼠产业合作进行品牌、营销和质量控制。政府的作用将是监督和监管)”可知，私有化之后，土地所有者可以与袋鼠产业在各方面进行合作，同时得到政府的监督和监管，即私有化会使得袋鼠产业得到更好的管理。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据第一段“According to official government figures, there are more than twice as many kangaroos as people in Australia, and many Australians consider them dangerous. (根据政府官方数据，袋鼠的数量是澳大利亚人的两倍多，许多澳大利亚人认为它们很危险)”。第二段“It is believed that killing kangaroos is critical to boosting the economy.(人们认为，杀死袋鼠对促进经济发展至关重要)”以及最后一段“George Wilson, a professor from Australian National University, says that if kangaroos were privately owned, then graziers (放牧人) would protect the animals, treating them as possessions (财产). They could feed them, lease them, breed them and charge hunters a fee for access.(澳大利亚国立大学教授乔治·威尔逊说，如果袋鼠是私人所有的，那么牧场主就会保护这些动物，把它们当作财产)”可知，文章开头提出问题，袋鼠使得人们面临危机，后文提出不同的解决方法，所以文章的写作目的是为袋鼠造成的问题提供解决方案。故选B。 Passage5.Early in the morning, a class of first graders excitedly entered the gym. Waiting for them on the floor lay a massive, life-sized, inflatable (充气的) whale, complete with eyes, flippers, and all the markings of the real-life humpback whale, named Nile. This creature is the brainchild of Cynde B．Mclnnis, a whale lover and educator. “There was always this thing in my mind about taking whales back to Indiana to teach kids,” Mclnnis said in an interview. After another educator provided an introduction to Nile, the group headed towards the entrance of the whale and took off their shoes. Once inside, the kids sat in an organized line as the educator pointed out all the significant parts of the whale’s interior. As the lesson went on, the kids yelled out answers to questions, clearly thrilled to be sitting inside this behemoth (巨兽). “The lesson is too cool for the students,” she said. “When they go in the whale, you just see this childhood excitement on their faces. ” Indeed, inside the whale there certainly was an obvious excitement. The educator kept everyone engaged with the jaw-dropping facts about whales, such as how they can eat two thousand pounds per day. To Mclnnis, learning about whales is the most certain path to their effective conservation. “It’s just getting kids to think that whales are cool, because if they don’t like them, they’re not ever going to be interested in saving them,” Mclnnis said. Her central message about conservation was the importance of the ocean to all humans. “We think that half the oxygen that we breathe comes from the ocean. Whether you live in Kansas or the coast of Massachusetts, you’re breathing,” Mclnnis said. “I think that whales are such an awe-inspiring thing,” Mclnnis added. To her, along with being beautiful creatures, whales serve as a bridge into environmentalism from a young age. 1．What do we know about Cynde B．Mclnnis? A．She enjoys organizing outdoor classes. B．She likes to study animal behavior. C．She is full of love for whales. D．She prefers to spend time with children. 2．Which of the following best describes the teaching activity? A．Demanding. B．Conventional. C．Profitable. D．Effective. 3．What might Mclnnis agree with according to the last paragraph? A．Whales are the most awe-inspiring creatures. B．Protecting the ocean can help the whales. C．The majority of oxygen supply originates from the ocean. D．A keen interest helps develop a green mind. 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Respect the Rights of Animals B．Cultivate Love for Animals in Interests C．Ocean Conservation Is Urgent D．Whales’ Story Needs to Be Heard 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了教育者Cynde B. Mclnnis通过充气鲸鱼模型向孩子们介绍鲸鱼知识，激发环保意识的故事。 1．细节理解题。由第一段中“This creature is the brainchild of Cynde B. Mclnnis, a whale lover and educator. “There was always this thing in my mind about taking whales back to Indiana to teach kids,” Mclnnis said in an interview. (这个创意来自鲸鱼爱好者兼教育工作者Cynde B. Mclnnis。“我一直想在印第安纳州向孩子们介绍鲸鱼，”麦金尼斯在一次采访中说)”可知，Cynde B. Mclnnis对鲸鱼充满了爱。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Once inside, the kids sat in an organized line as the educator pointed out all the significant parts of the whale’s interior. As the lesson went on, the kids yelled out answers to questions, clearly thrilled to be sitting inside this behemoth (巨兽). (进入鲸鱼内部后，孩子们有序地坐成一排，教育工作者向他们指出了鲸鱼内部所有重要的部位。随着课程的进行，孩子们兴奋地大声回答着问题，显然对能坐在这个巨兽内部感到非常兴奋)”可知，这种教学方式非常吸引学生，让学生们兴奋且积极参与，由此可推知，教学活动是有效的。故选D。 3．推理判断题。由最后一段中““It’s just getting kids to think that whales are cool, because if they don’t like them, they’re not ever going to be interested in saving them,” Mclnnis said. (“就是要让孩子们觉得鲸鱼很酷，因为如果他们不喜欢鲸鱼，就永远不会对保护它们感兴趣，”Mclnnis说)”以及“To her, along with being beautiful creatures, whales serve as a bridge into environmentalism from a young age. (对她来说，鲸鱼不仅是美丽的生物，更是孩子们从小接触环保的桥梁)”可知，Mclnnis认为对鲸鱼的兴趣可以帮助培养环保意识。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由文章最后一段中“To Mclnnis, learning about whales is the most certain path to their effective conservation. “It’s just getting kids to think that whales are cool, because if they don’t like them, they’re not ever going to be interested in saving them,” Mclnnis said. (对Mclnnis来说，了解鲸鱼是有效保护它们的最直接途径。“就是要让孩子们觉得鲸鱼很酷，因为如果他们不喜欢鲸鱼，就永远不会对保护它们感兴趣，”Mclnnis说)”可知，整篇文章围绕着Mclnnis通过充气鲸鱼模型Nile向孩子们介绍鲸鱼知识，并借此激发孩子们对环境和海洋保护的兴趣展开。选项B“Cultivate Love for Animals in Interests (培养对动物的兴趣)”最能反映文章的核心内容，适合作为文章标题。故选B。 Passage6.Animals being extinct from the Earth is a serious issue. When this happens in order to use their fur or skin for fashion, it is even worse, since it’s not even for a matter of human survival. That’s why a London zoo decided to make a powerful statement at the Siamese crocodile enclosure (围栏). When visitors come in expecting to see a crocodile, they’re greeted with the handbag instead, making a very effective and powerful point about illegal wildlife trade and the harm it takes on the species involved. A sign by the enclosure reads, “This bag used to be found swimming in slow-moving rivers and streams across Southeast Asia and Indonesia. Over the last 75 years, more than 80% of Siamese crocodiles have disappeared. Many, like this one, were hunted for their skins as part of the illegal wildlife trade.”. Native to parts of Southeast Asia, Siamese crocodiles are critically endangered and have become virtually extinct in the wild. Due to hunting as well as habitat loss, they are now absent from nearly 99% of their original range. A huge part of the decline of population is due to humans using their wetland habitat for rice farming, and things only took a turn for the worse when large-scale hunting for their skin for commercial purposes began in the 1950s. According to Benjamin Tapley, leader of reptiles and amphibians at ZSL London Zoo, the particular handbag that is on display at the zoo was confiscated at a UK airport, which was being transported illegally, likely as part of the illegal wildlife trade network.   Tapley told The Huffington Post, “We made this exhibit, within ZSL London Zoo’s Reptile House, to draw visitors’ attention to the destructive impact the Illegal Wildlife Trade(IWT)is having on species around the world. At ZSL, we are working globally with governments and local communities to protect wildlife, support law enforcement (执法) that targets illegal trade networks, empower local communities affected by IWT and reduce demand for threatened wildlife.” 1．Why does the sign say this handbag used to swim? A．It is made of a crocodile’s skin. B．It is made into a crocodile shape. C．It is light enough to float on water. D．It was kept in flowing river at first. 2．What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A．Wildly hunting of Siamese crocodiles. B．Commercial value of Siamese crocodiles. C．Destruction of Siamese crocodiles’ habitats. D．Causes to make Siamese crocodiles endangered. 3．What does the underlined word “confiscated” in paragraph 5 mean? A．Sold. B．Bought. C．Seized. D．Stolen. 4．What does Tapley’s words focus on? A．The harm IWT caused. B．The purpose to show the handbag. C．The importance of wildlife protection. D．The crisis endangered animals are facing. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了伦敦动物园如何通过展览等方式让公众了解动物灭绝的严重问题，特别是非法野生动物贸易对暹罗鳄等物种的危害。 1．推理判断题。根据第三段“A sign by the enclosure reads, “This bag used to be found swimming in slow-moving rivers and streams across Southeast Asia and Indonesia. Over the last 75 years, more than 80% of Siamese crocodiles have disappeared. Many, like this one, were hunted for their skins as part of the illegal wildlife trade.”.(围栏旁的牌子上写着：“这个手提包曾经在东南亚和印度尼西亚缓慢流动的河流和溪流中被发现。在过去的75年里，超过80%的暹罗鳄已经消失。许多条像这样的鳄鱼，因为它们的皮被非法野生动物贸易所猎杀。”)”可知，手提包是由鳄鱼皮制成的，因此可以联想到这个手提包“曾经游泳”是因为它原本是属于鳄鱼的皮肤。故选A。 2．主旨大意题。根据第四段“Native to parts of Southeast Asia, Siamese crocodiles are critically endangered and have become virtually extinct in the wild. Due to hunting as well as habitat loss, they are now absent from nearly 99% of their original range. A huge part of the decline of population is due to humans using their wetland habitat for rice farming, and things only took a turn for the worse when large-scale hunting for their skin for commercial purposes began in the 1950s.(暹罗鳄原产于东南亚部分地区，是极度濒危的动物，在野外几乎已经灭绝。由于狩猎和栖息地的丧失，它们现在在近99%的原始活动范围内消失了。数量减少的很大一部分原因是由于人类利用它们的湿地栖息地种植水稻，直到20世纪50年代开始大规模狩猎它们的皮肤用于商业目的，情况才变得更糟)”可知，第四段详细描述了由于猎杀和栖息地丧失，暹罗鳄现在几乎从其原始栖息地的99%中消失，并指出了数量下降的一个很大原因是人类将湿地用于水稻种植，以及为了商业目的的大规模猎杀。这些内容都直接指向了暹罗鳄濒危的原因，因此是段落的主要内容。故选D。 3．词句猜测题。根据划线单词下文“at a UK airport, which was being transported illegally, likely as part of the illegal wildlife trade network. (在英国机场，该手提包可能是非法野生动物贸易网络的一部分)”可知，这个手提包在英国机场被没收，划线单词和“抓住、没收”意思相似。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Tapley told The Huffington Post, “We made this exhibit, within ZSL London Zoo’s Reptile House, to draw visitors’ attention to the destructive impact the Illegal Wildlife Trade(IWT)is having on species around the world. At ZSL, we are working globally with governments and local communities to protect wildlife, support law enforcement (执法) that targets illegal trade networks, empower local communities affected by IWT and reduce demand for threatened wildlife.”(Tapley告诉《赫芬顿邮报》：“我们在伦敦动物学会动物园的爬行动物馆里设置了这一展览，以引起游客对非法野生动物贸易对全球物种造成的破坏性影响的关注。在伦敦动物学会，我们正在与全球各国政府和当地社区合作，保护野生动物，支持针对非法贸易网络的执法行动，增强受非法野生动物贸易影响的当地社区的能力，并减少对濒危野生动物的需求。”)”可知，Tapley的话重点是解释为何要在动物园展示这个手提包，即展示手提包的目的。故选B。 Passage7.Scientists have reported that the sea ice in Antarctica (南极) is at a record low level. Antarctica is a great, icy land, surrounded by the huge Southern Ocean. The ice in Antarctica doesn’t just cover the land. There’s also a large area of sea ice on the ocean’s surface. Scientists have been measuring the area of the sea ice in Antarctica since 1979. For most of this time, Antarctica has seemed to be almost unaffected by the changing weather conditions experienced in other parts of the globe. That began to change around 2016. Now, for several years, the area of Antartica’s sea ice has been shrinking. This year, the US National Snow and Ice Data Centre (NSIDC) reported that Antartica’s sea ice covered its greatest area on September 10 — almost two weeks earlier than normal. And the sea ice was at a new record low-not just by a little bit, but by a lot. The last time Antartica’s low sea ice set a record at the end of winter was in 1986. And this year, there’s about 398, 000 square miles less sea ice than in 1986. Scientists are still trying to understand what is driving the change in Antarctica. One likely direct cause for the change is the rising temperatures of the world’s oceans. Ted Scambos, a research scientist at the University of Colorado, says Antarctica’s ice levels have always changed some, but the sharp loss this year is “pointing towards warmer ocean conditions around the continent.” The new low record has concerned the scientists. Scientists are working hard to better understand Antarctica. They don’t know yet if this is just a short-term problem, or part of a long-term shift (转变) towards less sea ice in Antarctica. 1．What does the underlined word “shrinking” mean in Paragraph 3? A．Getting smaller. B．Being flat. C．Observed. D．Measured. 2．Why does the author mention the record in 1986? A．To give an example. B．To make a comparison. C．To make a summary. D．To offer an argument. 3．What is the possible direct reason for the change in Antarctica’s sea ice? A．The changing weather conditions. B．Human activities in Antarctica. C．Increased volcanic activities in the area. D．The increasing temperatures of the global oceans. 4．How do scientists feel about the low record? A．Worried. B．Annoyed. C．Excited. D．Satisfied. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了南极海冰面积创历史新低，科学家们正在研究其原因，以及这一变化可能带来的长期影响。 1．词句猜测题。根据上文第一段中“Scientists have reported that the sea ice in Antarctica (南极) is at a record low level(科学家们报告称，南极的海冰面积创下了历史新低。)”可知，几年来，南极洲的海冰面积一直在缩小。由此可知，此处划线单词shrinking的意思应是“变得更小”。故选A。 2．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“The last time Antartica’s low sea ice set a record at the end of winter was in 1986. And this year, there’s about 398, 000 square miles less sea ice than in 1986.(上一次南极洲冬季末海冰创下最低纪录是在1986年。今年，海冰面积比1986年少了约39.8万平方公里。)”可知，作者提到1986年的记录是为了将今年的海冰面积与1986年的记录进行比较。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据文章第五段提到“One likely direct cause for the change is the rising temperatures of the world’s oceans.(这一变化的一个可能的直接原因是全球海洋温度的升高。)”可知，南极洲海冰变化的可能直接原因是全球海洋温度的升高。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“The new low record has concerned the scientists.(这一新的低纪录让科学家们感到担忧。)”可知，科学家们对海冰面积创历史新低这一低纪录感到担心。故选A。 Passage8.The Price of Gold For decades gold miners have pillaged the lush Peruvian Amazon forest of Madre de Dios in search of the precious metal. Now a study reports that illegal mining is sharply on the rise despite the local government’s efforts to curb it and this is taking a heavy toll on the ecosystem. In 2012 the Peruvian government announced a lot of legal decrees to defend Madre de Dios — considered the country’s biodiversity capital — against miners. Authorities conducted raids, dismantled clandestine camps, and regulated fuel and supply traffic. Despite the crackdown, the total mining area had increased by about 40 percent (to around 170,000 acres) just four years later. According to the most comprehensive analysis to date, the practice — possibly enabled by poor control of the region and greater highway access — extended into at least one of the forest’s two national reserves, protected areas where mining is prohibited. Extracting gold from rock can contaminate the environment. Illegal mining activities often use liquid mercury, a toxic (有毒的) chemical that can drip into the soil or be burned off and released as toxic fumes. And the consequences of illegal mining go well beyond those of the extraction process. Miners often chop down thousands of acres of forest with heavy machinery that scars the landscape. “You can see those dredging machines sucking silt (淤泥) from the river, hear their engines,” says Raul Tupayachi, a Peruvian biologist at the Carnegie Institution for Science and a co-author of the study. “We hoped our data would show a drop in deforestation rates after the government actions tried to curb mining activities,” he says. “But we saw that, in the long run, they haven’t really made much of an impact.” The study, which analyzed satellite images taken between 1999 and 2016 and was published last August in Environmental Research Letters, found an initial decline in deforestation after the government’s actions in 2012. By 2013, however, forest loss rates had ballooned. New mines started to appear in the following years. They invaded protected areas such as the Tambopata National Reserve — home to the indigenous Ese Ejja, Quechua and Aymara peoples, as well as brightly colored macaws, giant river otters and jaguars. By 2016 mining operations had cut down at least 1,287 acres of forest within the reserve. William Llactayo, a geographical engineer at Peru’s Ministry of Environment, who did not take part in the work, says the study comes at a critical time. “If the mining trend continues,” Llactayo says, “a lot of these areas will be irreversibly degraded in the years to come.” 1．The underlined phrase “taking a heavy toll on” is closest in meaning to ______. A．contributing to B．negatively impacting on C．falling victim to D．taking full advantage of 2．How does illegal mining influence the ecosystem? A．By polluting and deforesting the land. B．By extracting precious gold from rock. C．By burning and releasing toxic fumes. D．By turning forests into farmland. 3．How does Raul Tupayachi feel when he is making the comment? A．Anxious. B．Hopeful. C．Disappointed. D．Surprised. 4．According to William Llactayo, the phenomenon revealed in the study report is ______. A．important B．continuous C．irreversible D．alarming 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了秘鲁的非法采矿对生态的危害。 1．词句猜测题。根据第一段“For decades gold miners have pillaged the lush Peruvian Amazon forest of Madre de Dios in search of the precious metal. Now a study reports that illegal mining is sharply on the rise despite the local government’s efforts to curb it and this is taking a heavy toll on the ecosystem. (几十年来，金矿工人一直在马德雷德迪奥斯郁郁葱葱的秘鲁亚马逊森林中寻找贵金属。现在一项研究报告称，尽管当地政府努力遏制非法采矿，但非法采矿仍在急剧上升，这正在taking a heavy toll on生态系统)”以及第二段“In 2012 the Peruvian government announced a lot of legal decrees to defend Madre de Dios — considered the country’s biodiversity capital — against miners. (2012年，秘鲁政府宣布了许多法令，以保护被认为是该国生物多样性之都的马德雷德迪奥斯免受矿工的侵害)”可知，矿工在亚马逊森林中寻找贵金属，该国生物多样性之都的马德雷德迪奥斯遭受侵害，非法采矿仍在急剧上升，这会对生态系统造成严重破坏，划线短语表示“对……产生负面影响”，与negatively impacting on意义相近。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段“Extracting gold from rock can contaminate the environment. Illegal mining activities often use liquid mercury, a toxic chemical that can drip into the soil or be burned off and released as toxic fumes. And the consequences of illegal mining go well beyond those of the extraction process. Miners often chop down thousands of acres of forest with heavy machinery that scars the landscape. (从岩石中提取黄金会污染环境。非法采矿活动经常使用液态汞，这是一种有毒化学物质，可以滴入土壤或被焚烧并释放为有毒烟雾。非法采矿的后果远远超出了开采过程。矿工们经常用重型机械砍伐数千英亩的森林，给景观留下伤痕)”可知，由于污染环境和砍伐森林，非法采矿对生态系统产生影响。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据第五段““You can see those dredging machines sucking silt from the river, hear their engines,” says Raul Tupayachi, a Peruvian biologist at the Carnegie Institution for Science and a co-author of the study. “We hoped our data would show a drop in deforestation rates after the government actions tried to curb mining activities,” he says. “But we saw that, in the long run, they haven’t really made much of an impact.” (卡耐基科学研究所的秘鲁生物学家、该研究的合著者Raul Tupayachi说：“你可以看到那些疏浚机从河里吸出淤泥，听到它们的引擎声。”。他说：“我们希望我们的数据能显示，在政府采取行动遏制采矿活动后，森林砍伐率有所下降。”。“但我们看到，从长远来看，它们并没有真正产生太大影响。”)”可知，Raul Tupayachi表示政府采取行动后，虽然森林砍伐率有所下降，但是从长远来看，它们并没有真正产生太大影响，由此可推知，Raul Tupayachi发表评论时是感觉失望的。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“William Llactayo, a geographical engineer at Peru’s Ministry of Environment, who did not take part in the work, says the study comes at a critical time. “If the mining trend continues,” Llactayo says, “a lot of these areas will be irreversibly degraded in the years to come.” (秘鲁环境部的地理工程师William Llactayo没有参与这项工作，他说这项研究是在一个关键时刻进行的。“如果采矿趋势继续下去，”Llactayo说，“在未来几年，许多地区将不可逆转地退化。”)”可知，根据William Llactayo的说法，如果采矿趋势继续下去，在未来几年，许多地区将不可逆转地退化，由此可推知，研究报告中揭示的现象是令人担忧的。故选D。 Passage9.In shallow coastal waters of the Indian ocean, Dugong, a kind of sea cow, is in trouble. Environmental problems pose such a major threat to its survival that the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) upgraded the species’ extinction risk status (地位) to vulnerable (脆弱的). Much worse, Dugongs are at risk of losing the protection of the Torres Strait Islanders, who have looked after them historically, hunting them for food sustainably and monitoring their numbers. These native people keep their biodiversity, and have deep knowledge about their environment. But these people are also threatened, partly because rising sea levels are making it difficult for them to live there. This situation isn’t unique to Dugongs. A research team conducted a study by analyzing 385 culturally important plant and animal species and found 68 percent were both biologically vulnerable and at risk of losing their cultural protection. The findings clearly illustrate that biology shouldn’t be the primary factor in shaping conservation policy, says Victoria Reyes-García, who led the study. When a culture declines, the species that are important to that culture are also threatened. “Conservationists think we need to separate people from nature,” says Reyes-García. “But that strategy misses the caring relationship many cultural groups have with nature.” One way to help shift conservation efforts is to give species a “bio-cultural status,” which would provide a fuller picture of their vulnerability. In the study, the team adopted a new method to determine a species’ risk of disappearing — they included the languages of certain cultural groups in the research, and concluded that the more a cultural group’s language use declines, the more that culture is threatened, and the more culturally vulnerable its important species are. The latest approach to conservation involves people that have historically cared for them. Scientists hope it will bring more efforts to recognize local communities’ rights and encourage their participation in conservation, taking advantage of humans’ connection with nature instead of creating more separation. 1．What is the relationship between the native people and Dugongs? A．The native people train Dugongs to survive. B．The native people help to conserve Dugongs. C．Dugongs force the native people to leave home. D．Dugongs are endangered because islanders hunt them for food. 2．What can we infer from the third paragraph? A．Dugongs are at more risk of losing their cultural protection than other species. B．Biologists play an important role in making conservation policy. C．Culture is closely connected to species’ existence. D．Conservationists prefer nature over people. 3．How is the new study method different from previous ones? A．It involves more preservation efforts. B．It relies on the IUCN’s classification. C．It highlights the effect of human languages. D．It assesses the biological influence of a species. 4．What is the author’s attitude towards the latest approach? A．Critical. B．Favourable. C．Conservative. D．Ambiguous. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要通过海牛的例子讲述了文化与物种生存的内在关联。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第二段的“Much worse, Dugongs are at risk of losing the protection of the Torres Strait Islanders, who have looked after them historically, hunting them for food sustainably and monitoring their numbers. These native people keep their biodiversity, and have deep knowledge about their environment. (更糟糕的是，海牛正面临着失去托雷斯海峡岛民保护的危险，这些岛民以前一直在照顾海牛，现在持续地猎杀它们作为食物，并监控它们的数量。这些当地人保持着他们的生物多样性，对他们的环境有深刻的了解。)”可知，当地人帮助保护海牛。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据文章第三段的“When a culture declines, the species that are important to that culture are also threatened. (当一种文化衰落时，对该文化重要的物种也受到威胁。)”可知，文化与物种的生存息息相关。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据文章第五段的“In the study, the team adopted a new method to determine a species’ risk of disappearing — they included the languages of certain cultural groups in the research, and concluded that the more a cultural group’s language use declines, the more that culture is threatened, and the more culturally vulnerable its important species are. (在这项研究中，研究小组采用了一种新的方法来确定一个物种消失的风险——他们在研究中纳入了某些文化群体的语言，并得出结论：一个文化群体的语言使用下降得越多，该文化受到的威胁就越大，其重要物种在文化上就越脆弱。)”可知，与以前的学习方法相比，现在的研究方法突出了人类语言的影响。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“The latest approach to conservation involves people that have historically cared for them. Scientists hope it will bring more efforts to recognize local communities’ rights and encourage their participation in conservation, taking advantage of humans’ connection with nature instead of creating more separation. (最新的保护方法涉及到历史上一直照顾它们的人。科学家们希望这将带来更多的努力，以承认当地社区的权利，并鼓励他们参与保护，利用人类与自然的联系，而不是制造更多的分离。)”可知，作者赞成最新的方法。故选B。 Passage10.Warming seas across the globe are endangering coral reefs, a key ecosystem that supports marine life to live and thrive. As a novel approach to saving them from extinction, scientists have recently frozen groups of adult corals for the first time and then revived them, according to a recent study. Freezing biological materials, or “cryopreserving” them, refers to keeping them in a deep freeze for long periods without affecting the cell’s viability (活性), according to the Science Times website. This method usually cools them to very low temperatures, commonly to-196℃. Since cells would normally die at such a low temperature due to the formation of ice inside, scientists need to monitor the freezing rate and choose the freezing medium carefully. Researchers in the U. S. experimented with freezing pea-sized pieces of a common coral in Hawaii. After removing the microbes on the corals, they sealed the corals in metal containers filled with a chemical solution that partially dehydrated (脱水) them and helped control ice growth. When the corals reached a temperature of around - 200℃, the remaining water in the corals solidified into a glassy form. The corals were still alive, with their life-driving functions becoming extremely slow. After being cryopreserved for a few minutes, the researchers pulled the corals out and placed them in warm water. In two minutes, they started consuming oxygen - a sign of them staying alive. Previously, researchers had already successfully cryopreserved coral larvae (幼虫), according to a study in 2018．However, the larvae can only be collected when corals produce eggs in large quantities, which happens just a few nights each year. “That’s putting a lot of eggs in one basket,” U. S. marine scientist Liza Roger told Science News. This breakthrough offers more hope to the world’s corals, said Roger. However, there’s more work to be done. A few days after warming up, the corals became “stressed out” from the process and were killed by the bacteria they normally live in harmony with. The researchers are working on using antibiotics (抗生素) to help them survive for a longer period of time. 1．What is the key factor in the new method of saving corals? A．Metal containers. B．Low temperature. C．Dry ice. D．Proper cells. 2．How did researchers confirm the cryopreserved corals were alive? A．They shrank abruptly. B．They started to move. C．They began to breathe. D．They stretched out. 3．What may future research focus on? A．Helping larvae lay more eggs. B．Stabilizing the temperature. C．Warming up the corals carefully. D．Extending the life of the corals. 4．What is the text mainly about? A．Freezing corals for future use. B．Conserving corals in a new way. C．Discovering a cooling method. D．Killing bacteria to rescue corals. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了科学家们为了保护珊瑚礁这一重要的生态系统，采用了一种新型的方法——首次冷冻成年珊瑚群，并在之后将其复活。 1．细节理解题。由文章第二段中的“Freezing biological materials, or ‘cryopreserving’ them, refers to keeping them in a deep freeze for long periods without affecting the cell’s viability (活性), according to the Science Times website. This method usually cools them to very low temperatures, commonly to-196℃. (据《科学时报》网站报道，冷冻生物材料，或“冷冻保存”它们，是指将它们长时间置于深度冷冻中而不影响细胞的活性。这种方法通常将它们冷却到非常低的温度，通常为-196℃。)”可知，新方法的关键因素是低温。故选B项。 2．细节理解题。由文章第三段中的“In two minutes, they started consuming oxygen - a sign of them staying alive. (两分钟后，它们开始消耗氧气，这是它们存活的迹象。)”可知，研究人员确认冷冻保存的珊瑚还活着是因为它们开始呼吸。故选C项。 3．推理判断题。由文章最后一段最后一句“The researchers are working on using antibiotics （抗生素） to help them survive for a longer period of time. (研究人员正在研究使用抗生素来帮助它们存活更长时间。)”可推测，未来的研究可能会集中在延长珊瑚的寿命上。故选D项。 4．主旨大意题。由文章第一段“Warming seas across the globe are endangering coral reefs, a key ecosystem that supports marine life to live and thrive. As a novel approach to saving them from extinction, scientists have recently frozen groups of adult corals for the first time and then revived them, according to a recent study. (全球变暖的海水正在威胁珊瑚礁，珊瑚礁是支持海洋生物生存和繁衍的关键生态系统。根据最近的一项研究，科学家们最近首次冷冻了成年珊瑚群，然后使它们复活，作为一种拯救它们免于灭绝的新方法。)”可知，本文主要介绍了用一种新方法保护珊瑚。故选B项。 二、完形填空 Passage1.On Friday afternoon, dozens of people united to save 16 dolphins, me included. They had been 1 in the Annapolis Basin. I 2 the group of dolphins through a telescope. At first I just enjoyed watching them swim in the sunshine, but soon I 3 they were in trouble. As the tide (潮水) went out, more and more dolphins were starting to 4 . I put out a series of calls for help, 5 getting in touch with the Marine Animal Response Society. Unable to travel to the basin 6 , they asked the local relevant department to organize a 7 effort. Meanwhile, I also posted information on the dolphins online and a nearby high school 8 — so the first people to join me on the scene were three 9 . Then more and more people arrived, fisheries staff included, who showed everyone what to do. Under their 10 , mud was packed around the dolphins to keep them lying on their bellies (腹部). We were 11 each other to make sure everyone was OK during the process, showing a real sense of 12 , through our voice. Having recently moved to the area, I’ve had some homesickness that has been slowly easing as I 13 myself more in things here. We got dolphins onto sheets and managed to pull all the dolphins into 14 water together. We could hear them sing sweetly; it was so 15 . 1．A．stuck B．locked C．lost D．covered 2．A．studied B．monitored C．recorded D．spotted 3．A．imagined B．perceived C．remembered D．assumed 4．A．beach B．breathe C．dive D．swim 5．A．easily B．accidentally C．eventually D．occasionally 6．A．in time B．as always C．as well D．in advance 7．A．recovery B．search C．cleanup D．rescue 8．A．commented B．apologized C．reacted D．departed 9．A．self-starters B．passers-by C．volunteers D．teenagers 10．A．control B．guidance C．influence D．protection 11．A．calling out to B．relying on C．holding on to D．staring at 12．A．urgency B．freedom C．community D．humor 13．A．encouraged B．involved C．coached D．enveloped 14．A．calm B．warm C．cold D．deep 15．A．comfortable B．beautiful C．fortunate D．challenging 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．A 5．C 6．A 7．D 8．C 9．D 10．B 11．A 12．C 13．B 14．D 15．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者参与的一次拯救海豚的行动，包括发现海豚搁浅、寻求帮助、组织救援以及最终成功将海豚救回深水的故事。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些海豚被困在了安纳波利斯盆地。A. stuck卡住、困住；B. locked锁住；C. lost丢失；D. covered覆盖。根据上文“On Friday afternoon, dozens of people united to save 16 dolphins, me included.”可知，作者和其他人一起救了海豚，由此可知，这些海豚是被困了。故选A。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我用望远镜发现了这群海豚。A. studied研究；B. monitored监测；C. recorded记录；D. spotted发现。根据空后的“through a telescope”可推测，作者通过望远镜发现了被困的海豚。故选D。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：起初，我只是喜欢看它们在阳光下游泳，但很快我就察觉到它们遇到了麻烦。A. imagined想象；B. perceived感知，察觉，意识到；C. remembered记住；D. assumed假设。根据空后“they were in trouble”可推测，作者很快感觉到海豚不是在游泳，而是遇到了麻烦。故选B。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着潮水退去，越来越多的海豚开始搁浅。A. beach搁浅；B. breathe呼吸；C. dive潜水；D. swim游泳。根据上文“At first I just enjoyed watching them swim in the sunshine, but soon I  ____3____  they were in trouble.”可知，这些海豚是被困了。由此可推测，随着潮水的退去，越来越多的海豚开始搁浅。故选A。 5．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我连续发出求助信息，最终与海洋动物救援协会取得了联系。A. easily容易地；B. accidentally意外地；C. eventually最终；D. occasionally偶尔。根据上文“I put out a series of calls for help”可知，作者发了很多求助信息；再根据下文“getting in touch with the Marine Animal Response Society”可知，最终作者与海洋动物救援协会取得了联系。故选C。 6．考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：由于无法及时赶到盆地，他们要求当地相关部门组织救援行动。A. in time及时；B. as always总是；C. as well也；D. in advance提前。根据下文“they asked the local relevant department to organize a  ____7____  effort.”可知，由于海洋动物救援协会无法及时到达这里，所以他们要求当地部分进行救援。故选A。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于无法及时赶到盆地，他们要求当地相关部门组织救援行动。A. recovery恢复；B. search寻找；C. cleanup清理；D. rescue救援。根据上文内容可知，作者向海洋动物救援协会发出求救信息，因为他们无法及时赶到，所以他们自然是要求当地相关部门组织救援行动。故选D。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，我还在网上发布了关于海豚的信息，附近的一所高中作出了反应——因此第一批赶到现场与我并肩作战的是三名青少年。A. commented评论；B. apologized道歉；C. reacted反应；D. departed离开。根据下文“so the first people to join me on the scene were three  ____9____ .”可推测，作者在网上发布的海豚信息得到了附近学校的回应。故选C。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，我还在网上发布了关于海豚的信息，附近的一所高中作出了反应——因此第一批赶到现场与我并肩作战的是三名青少年。A. self-starters自发者；B. passers-by路人；C. volunteers志愿者；D. teenagers青少年。根据上文“a nearby high school  ____8____”可推测，附近学校作出了反应，由此可推测，最先到来的是三名青少年。故选D。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他们的指导下，人们在海豚周围堆上泥土，让它们保持腹部朝上的姿势。A. control控制；B. guidance指导；C. influence影响；D. protection保护。根据上文“fisheries staff included, who showed everyone what to do”可知，渔业工作人员向所有人展示了如何行动，渔业工作人员是了解相关知识的。由此可推测，人们是在渔业工作人员的指导下进行救援工作。故选B。 11．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我们互相呼喊，以确保每个人在这个过程中都安然无恙，我们的声音中透露出真正的社区精神。A. calling out to呼喊；B. relying on依靠；C. holding on to抓住；D. staring at盯着。根据下文“make sure everyone was OK during the process”可推测，在场的人互相喊叫是为了确保每个人都安然无恙。故选A。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们互相呼喊，以确保每个人在这个过程中都安然无恙，我们的声音中透露出真正的社区精神。A. urgency紧急情况；B. freedom自由；C. community社区；D. humor幽默。根据句意可知，作者和其他人一起团结协作共同救援被困的海豚。而这展现了一种社区精神。故选C。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于最近才搬到这个地区，我曾有些思乡之情，但随着我越来越深入地参与这里的事务，这种情绪已经慢慢得到缓解。A. encouraged鼓励；B. involved涉及、参与；C. coached指导；D. enveloped包封。根据空后的“more in things here”可推测，作者虽然才搬到这个社区，但是通过参与这里的事情，作者的思乡之情得到了缓解。故选B。 14．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们把海豚抬到床单上，合力将它们一起拉入深水区。A. calm平静的；B. warm温暖的；C. cold寒冷的；D. deep深的。根据第一段“They had been  ____1____  in the Annapolis Basin.”可知，这些海豚被困了；而根据常理可知，作者和其他人应该是把海豚送入了深水区，从而救海豚。故选D。 15．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们能够听到它们发出甜美的叫声，那声音真是太美了。A. comfortable舒适的；B. beautiful美丽的；C. fortunate幸运的；D. challenging具有挑战性的。根据上文“We could hear them sing sweetly”可知，海豚被作者他们救下了，由此可知，在作者听来，海豚发出的叫声无比美好。故选B。 Passage2.When Anika Puri visited India with her family years ago, she was surprised to come across a market in Bombay filled with rows of ivory jewelry (象牙饰品) and statues. 1 , ivory trade has been illegal for more than 30 years, and elephant hunting has been 2 in India since the 1970s. “I was quite 3 ,” the 17-year-old recalls. “Because poaching (偷猎) is illegal, how come it is still such a big issue? ” Curious, Puri did some research and discovered a shocking 4 : Africa’s forest elephant population had 5 by about 62 percent between 2002 and 2011. Years later, the numbers continued to drop. Puri, a wildlife lover, wanted to do something to help protect the species and others still 6 by poaching. Over the course of two years, Puri 7 EISa, a low-cost product of a machine learning-driven software that 8 movement patterns in thermal infrared (热红外) videos of humans and 9 . The software is four times more 10 than the existing most advanced method which uses a $250 FLIRONE Pro thermal camera with 206 *resolution (分辨率) that plugs into an off-the-shelf iPhone 6. The camera and iPhone are then 11 to a drone (无人机), and the system 12 real-time inferences as it flies over parks as to whether 13 below are humans or elephants. Its 14 impact on society earned her the Peggy Scripps Award for Science Communication. “Research isn’t a straight line,” Puri says. “It makes me resourceful. It helps me 15 a more creative thinker.” 1．A．Fortunately B．Currently C．Globally D．Eventually 2．A．cancelled B．expanded C．prohibited D．pronounced 3．A．confused B．shocked C．embarrassed D．interested 4．A．lesson B．level C．scene D．statistic 5．A．risen B．increased C．changed D．declined 6．A．threatened B．caused C．occupied D．defended 7．A．discovered B．recommended C．planned D．created 8．A．analyzes B．compares C．describes D．provides 9．A．parks B．elephants C．species D．images 10．A．complex B．popular C．accurate D．difficult 11．A．accustomed B．attached C．related D．limited 12．A．produces B．shares C．chooses D．collects 13．A．insects B．objects C．pictures D．goals 14．A．ambiguous B．random C．potential D．adventurous 15．A．get into B．break into C．introduce into D．develop into 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．B 4．D 5．D 6．A 7．D 8．A 9．B 10．C 11．B 12．A 13．B 14．C 15．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了主人公Anika Puri 在与家人外出旅行中偶然间发现盗猎大象的现象，于是她通过观察和研究，发明了EISa软件来帮助保护大象。 1．考查副词词义辨析。句意：在全球范围内，30多年来象牙贸易一直是非法的，自20世纪70年代以来，印度一直禁止狩猎大象。A. Fortunately幸运的是；B. Currently目前；C. Globally全球地；D. Eventually最后。根据前文的“When Anika Puri visited India with her family years ago, she was surprised to come across a market in Bombay filled with rows of ivory jewelry (象牙饰品) and statues.”可知，几年前，当安妮卡·普里和家人一起去印度旅行时，她惊讶地发现孟买的一个市场里摆满了成排的象牙珠宝和雕像，她之所以惊讶是因为在全球范围内，30多年来象牙贸易一直是非法的。故选C项。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在全球范围内，30多年来象牙贸易一直是非法的，自20世纪70年代以来，印度一直禁止狩猎大象。A. cancelled取消；B. expanded膨胀，扩张；C. prohibited禁用；D. pronounced发音。根据前文的“ivory trade has been illegal for more than 30 years”和“in India since the 1970s.”可知，30多年来象牙贸易一直是非法的，所以可推知自20世纪70年代以来，印度一直禁止狩猎大象。故选C项。 3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我非常震惊，”这位17岁的少年回忆道。A. confused困惑的；B. shocked震惊的；C. embarrassed尴尬的；D. interested感兴趣的。根据前文的“she was surprised to come across a market in Bombay filled with rows of ivory jewelry (象牙饰品) and statues.”和后文的“Because poaching (偷猎) is illegal, how come it is still such a big issue?”可知，偷猎是非法的，她发现孟买的一个市场里摆满了成排的象牙珠宝和雕像，所以她非常震惊。故选B项。 4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：出于好奇，普里做了一些研究，发现了一个令人震惊的统计数据：2002年至2011年间，非洲森林象的数量减少了约62%。A. lesson课程；B. level等级；C. scene场景；D. statistic统计数据。根据后文的“Africa’s forest elephant population had _____5_____by about 62 percent between 2002 and 2011.”可知，2002年至2011年间，非洲森林象的数量减少了约62%，这些是令人震惊的统计数据。故选D项。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：出于好奇，普里做了一些研究，发现了一个令人震惊的统计数据：2002年至2011年间，非洲森林象的数量下降了约62%。A. risen上升；B. increased增加；C. changed改变；D. declined减少，下降。根据后文的“by about 62 percent between 2002 and 2011. Years later, the numbers continued to drop.”可知，数年后，这一数字继续下降，可知此处说的是非洲森林象的数量下降了约62%。故选D项。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：普里是一名野生动物爱好者，他想做点什么来帮助保护这些物种，以及其他可能因偷猎而受到威胁的物种。A. threatened威胁；B. caused引起；C. occupied占用；D. defended保卫，防御。根据后文的“by poaching”可知，普里想保护因偷猎而受到威胁的物种。故选A项。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在两年的时间里，普里创造了EISa，这是一款低成本的机器学习驱动软件产品，可以分析人类和大象的热红外视频中的运动模式。A. discovered发现；B. recommended推荐；C. planned计划；D. created创建，创造。根据后文的“EISa, a low-cost product of a machine learning-driven software”可知，EISa，这款低成本的机器学习驱动软件产品，是普里创造的。故选D项。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在两年的时间里，普里创造了EISa，这是一款低成本的机器学习驱动软件产品，可以分析人类和大象的热红外视频中的运动模式。A. analyzes分析；B. compares比较；C. describes描述；D. provides提供。根据后文的“movement patterns in thermal infrared (热红外) videos of humans and_____9_____.  ”可知，这款软件产品，可以分析人类和大象的热红外视频中的运动模式。故选A项。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在两年的时间里，普里创造了EISa，这是一款低成本的机器学习驱动软件产品，可以分析人类和大象的热红外视频中的运动模式。A. parks公园；B. elephants大象；C. species物种；D. images图像。根据后文的“the system_____12_____real-time inferences as it flies over parks as to whether_____13_____below are humans or elephants. ”可知，系统会实时推断出下面的物体是人还是大象，所以EISa可以分析人类和大象的热红外视频中的运动模式。故选B项。 10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：该软件比目前最先进的产品——售价250美元、分辨率为206 *的FLIRONE Pro热像仪(插入现成的iPhone 6上)——精确四倍。A. complex复杂的；B. popular流行的；C. accurate准确的；D. difficult困难的。根据后文的“the existing most advanced uses a $250 FLIRONE Pro thermal camera with 206 *resolution (分辨率) that plugs into an off-the-shelf iPhone 6.”可知，该软件非常先进，分辨率高，可推知该软件比现有最先进的检测方法精确四倍。故选C项。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后将摄像头和iPhone固定到一架无人机上，当无人机飞过公园上空时，系统会实时推断出下面的物体是人还是大象。A. accustomed使习惯；B. attached附在……上，固定……上；C. related把……联系起来；D. limited限制。根据前文的“The camera and iPhone are then”和后文“to a drone”可知，将摄像头和iPhone固定到一架无人机上。故选B项。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后将摄像头和iPhone固定到一架无人机上，当无人机飞过公园上空时，系统会产生实时推断，判断下面的物体是人还是大象。A. produces产生；B. shares分享；C. chooses选择；D. collects收集。根据后文的“real-time inferences as it flies over parks as to whether_____13_____below are humans or elephants. ”可知，系统会产生实时推断，判断下面的物体是人还是大象。故选A项。 13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后将摄像头和iPhone固定到一架无人机上，当无人机飞过公园上空时，系统会产生实时推断，判断下面的物体是人还是大象。A. insects昆虫；B. objects物体；C. pictures图片；D. goals目标。根据后文的“below are humans or elephants”可知，人和大象都是物体，系统会实时推断出下面的物体是人还是大象。故选B项。 14．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它对社会的潜在影响为她赢得了佩吉·斯克里普斯科学传播奖。A. ambiguous模棱两可的；B. random任意的，随机的；C. potential潜在的；D. adventurous冒险的。根据下文的“earned her the Peggy Scripps Award for Science Communication.”可知，对社会的潜在影响为她赢得了佩吉·斯克里普斯科学传播奖。故选C项。 15．考查动词短语辨析。句意：它帮助我发展成为一个更有创造力的发明家。A. get into进入；B. break into闯入；C. introduce into引入；D. develop into发展成。根据后文的“a more creative thinker”可知，Anika Puri通过研究发展成为一个更有创造力的发明家。故选D项。 Passage3.A lonely puppy was found wandering the streets of Wales. 1 to its neck was an envelope that read, “Help me!” Inside the envelope was a note that provided more information about the 2 dog. The note read, “My name is Chase. I am 1 year old. I am very 3 and kind. I need a 4 home as my owner is in trouble and cannot take care of me. Please 5 me. Thank you.” Chase was taken to Hope Rescue. In the beginning, Chase was very 6 , however, the shelter provided lots of 7 , and he slowly became more trusting. Initially, Chase stayed in his kennel (狗窝) and chose not to play or 8 , but he eventually became more comfortable with the shelter’s staff. The shelter posted on the Internet photos of the 9 Chase was wearing when found. They also posted a photo of him being held by one of their staff members. They hoped that Chase’s owner might see the post and find 10 in knowing that Chase is now safe and being 11 . A foster (抚养) home 12 . They’ve got two little dogs. Chase is really enjoying the 13 of the two little ones. Although he has 14 a really stressful situation, we’ re hoping that he will have a lovely life with the new 15 . 1．A．Limited B．Adjusted C．Devoted D．Attached 2．A．deserted B．reserved C．adopted D．retired 3．A．weak B．friendly C．lucky D．strange 4．A．big B．quiet C．new D．clean 5．A．help B．identify C．reward D．free 6．A．bored B．confident C．excited D．insecure 7．A．money B．orders C．love D．challenges 8．A．complain B．interact C．struggle D．perform 9．A．clothes B．smile C．hair D．note 10．A．patience B．intention C．comfort D．value 11．A．looked for B．cared for C．depended on D．turned down 12．A．survived B．served C．judged D．arrived 13．A．company B．rescue C．request D．absence 14．A．expected B．transformed C．experienced D．deserved 15．A．staff B．family C．neighbor D．customer 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．A 6．D 7．C 8．B 9．D 10．C 11．B 12．D 13．A 14．C 15．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了小狗Chase被遗弃后被救助并找到新家的故事。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：拴在它脖子上的是一个信封，上面写着：“救救我！”A. Limited限制；B. Adjusted调整；C. Devoted奉献；D. Attached附上，拴上。根据后文“to its neck was an envelope”可知，这里表示信封是拴在小狗的脖子上的。故选D。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：信封里的便条提供了更多关于这只被遗弃的小狗的信息。A. deserted遗弃；B. reserved保留；C. adopted收养；D. retired退休。根据后文的“I need a 4 home as my owner is in trouble and cannot take care of me.”可知，小狗需要一个新家，因为小狗的主人遇到了麻烦，不能照顾小狗，所以此处指小狗被遗弃了。故选A。 3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我非常友好和善良。A. weak虚弱的；B. friendly友好的；C. lucky幸运的；D. strange奇怪的。根据后文的“and kind”可知，小狗是友好和善良的。故选B。 4．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我需要一个新家，因为我的主人遇到了麻烦，不能照顾我。A. big大的；B. quiet安静的；C. new新的；D. clean干净的。根据后文的“as my owner is in trouble and cannot take care of me”可知，小狗需要找一个新家，因为小狗的主人遇到了麻烦，不能照顾小狗。故选C。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：请帮帮我。A. help帮助；B. identify识别；C. reward奖励；D. free使自由。根据前文的“I need a 5 home as my owner is in trouble and cannot take care of me”和后文的“Thank you”可知，小狗是在请求帮助，请人收养。故选A。 6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：起初，Chase非常没有安全感，然而，收容所提供了很多爱，他慢慢变得更加信任。A. bored无聊的；B. confident自信的；C. excited兴奋的；D. insecure没有安全感的。根据后文的“however, the shelter provided lots of 7 , and he slowly became more trusting”可知，小狗起初是没有安全感的，慢慢才变得更加信任。故选D。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：起初，Chase非常没有安全感，然而，收容所提供了很多爱，他慢慢变得更加信任。A. money钱；B. orders命令；C. love爱；D. challenges挑战。根据后文的“and he slowly became more trusting”可知，收容所提供的是爱，所以小狗才能慢慢变得更加信任。故选C。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：起初，Chase呆在狗窝里，选择不玩耍或互动，但他最终与收容所的工作人员相处得更自在了。A. complain抱怨；B. interact互动；C. struggle挣扎；D. perform表演。根据前文的“Initially, Chase stayed in his kennel (狗窝) and chose not to play or”和后文的“but he eventually became more comfortable with the shelter’s staff”可知，最终与收容所的工作人员相处得更自在了，所以小狗起初是不愿意互动的。故选B。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：收容所在网上发布了Chase被发现时身上带着的便条的照片。A. clothes衣服；B. smile微笑；C. hair头发；D. note便条。根据前文的“A lonely puppy was found wandering the streets of Wales. 　1 to its neck was an envelope that read, “Help me!” Inside the envelope was a note”和后文的“Chase was wearing when found”可知，这里指的是小狗被发现时身上带着的便条。故选D。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们希望Chase的主人能看到这条帖子，并在知道Chase现在很安全并得到照顾时感到安慰。A. patience耐心；B. intention意图；C. comfort安慰；D. value价值。根据后文的“in knowing that Chase is now safe and being 11 ”可知，这里表示希望小狗的主人在知道Chase现在很安全并得到照顾时感到安慰。故选C。 11．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们希望Chase的主人能看到这条帖子，并在知道Chase现在很安全并得到照顾时感到安慰。A. looked for寻找；B. cared for照顾；C. depended on依赖；D. turned down拒绝。根据前文的“but he eventually became more comfortable with the shelter’s staff”和“knowing that Chase is now safe and being”可知，这里表示希望小狗的主人知道小狗现在得到了照顾。故选B。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个寄养家庭到了。A. survived幸存；B. served服务；C. judged判断；D. arrived到达。根据前文的“Chase was taken to Hope Rescue”和“A foster (抚养) home”可知，这里表示寄养家庭到了，来收养小狗。故选D。 13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Chase非常喜欢这两个小家伙的陪伴。A. company陪伴；B. rescue救援；C. request请求；D. absence缺席。根据后文的“of the two little ones”和常识可知，这里表示小狗喜欢和另外两只小狗的陪伴。故选A。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然他经历了一个非常紧张的情况，我们希望他能有一个可爱的生活与新的家庭。A. expected期待；B. transformed转变；C. experienced经历；D. deserved值得。根据后文的“a really stressful situation”可知，这里表示小狗经历了紧张的情况。故选C。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然他经历了一个非常紧张的情况，我们希望他能有一个可爱的生活与新的家庭。A. staff员工；B. family家庭；C. neighbor邻居；D. customer顾客。根据前文的“A foster (抚养) home 　 12　. They’ve got two little dogs. Chase is really enjoying the 13　 of the two little ones.”和“he will have a lovely life with the new”可知，这里表示小狗在新的家庭里。故选B。 Passage4.I have been volunteering for Tri-County Wildlife Care (TCWC) for 7 years. The job is emotionally demanding, and even more 1 for a migraines(偏头痛) sufferer. So why do I throw myself into it? Because at the most difficult time in my 2 , saving wildlife saved me too. I have had migraines for as long as I can remember. Sometimes it was a(n) 3 to attend school. I would have to put my head 4 my desk to reduce the pain. So I chose to study at home. But being disconnected from the rest of the world made me feel 5 . “I can’t 6 this anymore!” When Mum came to get me from the clinic, I nearly 7 . Then on our way back home, I 8 a fallen nest. Two baby birds lay on the ground. Were they still alive? I 9 closer. Thankfully they were 10 ! “You’re going to be okay,” I said to the birds. “I promise.” The next day Mum and I 11 took them to a wildlife care center. For the first time in a long time, I felt helpful instead of helpless. It was as if the baby birds’   12 for me was stronger than my pain. I did find something 13 to do. Then I began volunteering for TCWC． Every time I hold a bird in my hands, I feel a sense of 14 ，because it brings me so much 15 to help these homeless animals. 1．A．puzzling B．comforting C．challenging D．interesting 2．A．training B．work C．study D．life 3．A．honour B．adventure C．struggle D．commitment 4．A．into B．against C．above D．over 5．A．useless B．clumsy C．shallow D．fearless 6．A．stand B．own C．follow D．support 7．A．threw up B．broke down C．set out D．turned back 8．A．took B．caught C．destroyed D．spotted 9．A．jumped B．drove C．walked D．flew 10．A．singing B．breathing C．recovering D．waiting 11．A．gratefully B．carefully C．modestly D．frequently 12．A．need B．lack C．search D．love 13．A．necessary B．creative C．normal D．meaningful 14．A．frustration B．regret C．gratitude D．guilt 15．A．trust B．justice C．imagination D．joy 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．C 4．B 5．A 6．A 7．B 8．D 9．C 10．B 11．B 12．A 13．D 14．C 15．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了在作者生命中最困难的时候，作者拯救野生动物的同时也拯救了自己。 1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这项工作对情绪要求很高，对偏头痛患者来说更具挑战性。A. puzzling令人困惑的；B. comforting令人安慰的；C. challenging具有挑战的；D. interesting有趣的。根据句中的“The job is emotionally demanding”和空后的“for a migraines(偏头痛) sufferer”可知，动物保护志愿者工作对偏头痛患者来说更具挑战性。故选C。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为在我生命中最困难的时候，拯救野生动物也拯救了我。A. training训练，培训；B. work工作；C. study学习；D. life生命。根据上文中的“for a migraines(偏头痛) sufferer”和空前的“at the most difficult time in my”可知，作者遭受偏头痛之苦，这里指在作者生命中最困难的时候。故选D。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：有时上学是一件困难的事。A. honour荣誉；B. adventure冒险；C. struggle斗争，难事；D. commitment承诺。根据上文中的“I have had migraines for as long as I can remember.(从我记事起，我就有偏头痛)”和下文中的“So I chose to study at home.(所以我选择在家学习。)”可知，作者因为偏头痛，最后不得不选择在家学习，所以上学对作者来说是一件难事。故选C。 4．考查介词词义辨析。句意：我不得得把头靠在桌子上来减轻疼痛。A. into进入；B. against紧靠，倚；C. above超过；D. over在……上面。根据空前的“put my head”和空后的“my desk to reduce the pain”并结合常识可知，作者不得不把头靠在桌子上来缓解头痛。故选B。 5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但与世界其他地方脱节让我觉得一无是处。A. useless无用的；B. clumsy笨拙的；C. shallow浅的；D. fearless无畏的。根据句中“being disconnected from the rest of the world”和下文作者偶然帮助了小鸟并找到了生活的意义可知，由于与世隔绝，作者觉得自己一无是处。故选A。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我再也受不了了!”妈妈来接我离开诊所时，我几乎要崩溃了。A. stand容忍；B. own拥有；C. follow跟随；D. support支持。根据上文中的“But being disconnected from the rest of the world made me feel 　　5　　.”和空后的“this anymore”可知，作者因为偏头痛而与世隔绝，忍受不了这种状况了。故选A。 7．考查动词短语辨析。句意参考上题。A. threw up呕吐；B. broke down崩溃，情不自禁地哭起来；C. set out出发；D. turned back返回。根据“I can’t____6____this anymore!”可知，作者忍受不了这种状况，几乎要崩溃了。故选B。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后在回家的路上，我发现了一个掉下的鸟巢。A. took带走；B. caught抓住；C. destroyed摧毁；D. spotted发现。根据下文中的“Two baby birds lay on the ground.(两只小鸟躺在地上。)”可知，作者在回家路上发现了一个鸟巢。故选D。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我走近一些。 A. jumped跳；B. drove驾驶；C. walked行走；D. flew飞。根据空后的“closer”可知，作者走近去看。故选C。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：谢天谢地，它们还在呼吸!A. singing唱歌；B. breathing呼吸；C. recovering恢复；D. waiting等待。根据上文中的“Were they still alive?(它们还活着吗？)”和句中的“Thankfully”可知，小鸟还活着，所以还在呼吸。故选B。 11．考查副词词义辨析。句意：第二天，我和妈妈小心翼翼地把它们带到一个野生动物护理中心。A. gratefully感激地；B. carefully小心地；C. modestly谦虚地；D. frequently频繁地。根据上文中的“Two baby birds lay on the ground.(两只小鸟躺在地上)”可知，这两只幼鸟掉地上了，它们太脆弱了，所以是小心翼翼地带到野生动物护理中心。故选B。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：就好像幼鸟对我的需要比我的痛苦更强烈。A. need需要；B. lack缺少；C. search寻找；D. love爱。根据上文中的“I felt helpful instead of helpless”可知，作者因为救助小鸟，觉得自己有帮助，感受到幼鸟对作者的需要。故选A。 13．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我确实找到了一些有意义的事要做。A. necessary必要的；B. creative创造性的；C. normal正常的；D. meaningful有意义的。根据下文中的“Then I began volunteering for TCWC.(然后我开始为TCWC做志愿者)”可知，作者找到有意义的事情。故选D。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：每一次我把一只鸟握在手中，我都感受到感激之情，因为帮助这些无家可归的动物给我带来了如此多的快乐。A. frustration挫折；B. regret遗憾；C. gratitude感激；D. guilt内疚。根据上文中的“Because at the most difficult time in my 　　2　　, saving wildlife saved me too.”和句中的“because it brings me so much ____15____to help these homeless animals”可知，救助动物的同时作者也感到自己被救赎了，这给作者带来快乐，所以作者心怀感激。故选C。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. trust信任；B. justice公平；C. imagination想象；D. joy高兴，喜悦。根据空后的“to help these homeless animals”可知，作者帮助无家可归的动物给自己带来了快乐。故选D。 ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit5 A Delicate World阅读完形提高训练 - 2024-2025学年高二英语专项提高训练必刷好题 （外研版2019选择性必修第二册） 一、阅读理解 Passage1. The combined influence of climate change and expanding agriculture are causing insect populations to plummet in some parts of the world, according to a new study that determined the abundance of bugs has dropped by half in the hardest-hit places. Lead researcher, Dr. Charlie Outhwaite, said losing insect populations could be harmful not only to the natural environment, but also to human health and food security, particularly with loss of pollinators（传粉者）. “Our findings highlight the urgency of actions to preserve natural habitats, slow the expansion of high-intensity agriculture, and cut emissions to reduce climate change,” she added. In the latest study, the researchers pulled together data on the range and number of nearly20,000 insect species, including bees, ants, butterflies, grasshoppers and dragonflies, at about 6,000 different locations. In areas with high-intensity agriculture and significant warming, insect numbers have dropped by 49% and the number of different species by 27%, compared with relatively untouched places that have so far avoided the severest effects of climate change, according to the research, published in Nature. But the researchers said that setting aside areas of land for nature could create a place for insects, which need shade to survive in hot weather. “Careful management of agricultural areas, such as preserving natural habitats near farmland, may help ensure that vital insects can still thrive（兴旺）,” said Dr. Tim Newbold. Study researcher Peter McCann added, “We need to acknowledge how important insects are for the environment as a whole, and for human health and well-being, in order to address the threats we pose to them before many species are lost forever.” 1．Which word can best replace the underlined word “plummet” in Paragraph 1? A．Rise. B．Crash. C．Destroy. D．Explode. 2．What is the main idea of Paragraph 3? A．The results of the study. B．The problems with the study. C．What influences insects may have. D．What kinds of insects were included. 3．Why should areas of land for nature be set aside according to Dr. Tim Newbold? A．To provide earth. B．To provide shade. C．To supply fresh air. D．To supply energy. 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．Insects Are Thriving B．Climate Change Is Alarming C．Insects Are Dying off D．Land for Insects Is Expanding Passage2.A team of biologists and game preservationists from the University of NeuchÃtel, working with staff from multiple institutions in South Africa, has found that removing horns (角) from black rhinos (犀牛) to protect them from hunters may have social implications for the rhinos. Previous research has shown that rhinoceroses are under threat by hunters that kill them to illegally obtain their horns, which are a popular product. In this new effort, the research team was focused on the black rhinos that live in Africa. There are currently about 6,200 black rhinos in Africa, which have been given protected status. Unfortunately, despite armed rangers (护林员) watching over them, their numbers have dropped over the years. To prevent further losses, animal management authorities have authorized park administrators to remove the horns of many of the rhinos, removing the motive for hunting. Such removals have proven to be effective — hunting has ground to a halt under the programs. However, these programs are not a simple solution — removing horns safely is costly and puts workers and rhinos at risk of harm. Also, the horns grow back, and must be removed every 24 months. Less well understood is the impact on the rhinos after horn removal. To learn more, the researchers in this new effort studied the habits of black rhinos in the Manyoni Private Game Reserve in South Africa. The team started by making maps of the rhino range. They used data from sightings made before a dehorning project began in 2016 and then for sightings made over the subsequent years. They found that after the loss of a horn, male rhinos greatly reduced their range-some lost up to 80% of their territory. For some females, the team reports, the reduced range was even greater. The group repeated their work in nine other game reserves using 15 years of data — gathering and found similar results. The researchers also found that the removal of horns made the black rhinos less social with one another — instead of interacting, they would intentionally avoid one another. 1．What is paragraph 2 mainly about concerning the rhinos? A．The role of armed rangers in protecting them. B．The consequence of dehorning them. C．The decline in their population. D．The vale their horns. 2．What does the phrase “has ground to a halt” underlined in paragraph 3 mean? A．Has changed temporarily. B．Has continued steadily C．Has started illegally. D．Has stopped gradually. 3．What might be the researchers’ attitude to dehorning rhinos? A．Favorable. B．Tolerant. C．Sympathetic. D．Disapproving. Passage3.Sulphur-crested cockatoos (葵花凤头鹦鹉) are common in western Australia, where they normally live in wooded areas. But as forests have been cut down, cockatoos have gotten used to living near people. Scientists report that people in Sydney, Australia are in a battle with these birds. Last year, scientists at the Max Planck Institute reported that the cockatoos had learned how to open the covers of trash bins for food. That’s not an easy job. The cockatoos must lift the heavy cover with their beaks (喙) and then walk along, pushing the cover up until it falls over. When scientists first began studying the cockatoos in 2018, only three areas in Sydney had cover-opening cockatoos. A year and a half later, cockatoos in 44 different areas knew the trick. This time the scientists decided to study further. They weren’t just studying cockatoos. They were also studying humans. The scientists spent weeks studying more than 3,200 trash bins in four different areas of Sydney. They wanted to see how many bins were protected and what methods were used. In one area, over half the bins were protected. The most common way of protecting the bins was to put a brick or some other heavy objects on the cover. Some people put things like rubber snakes on the top of their bins. The scientists discovered that the humans were teaching each other tricks, too. In most neighborhoods, many people used the same cockatoo -stopping methods as their neighbors. The researchers say, “It’s like a race between humans and cockatoos to learn new ways of doing things. Now many cockatoos have learned how to push heavy items off the bins. As a result, humans have figured out ways to attach the items to the top of their bins.” The researchers describe the situation as a “human-wildlife conflict” “We expect these conflicts to become more common as humans take over more areas that used to be wild. We’d better understand the animals we share our lives with, and be patient with them,” they add. 1．What can we learn about sulphur-crested cockatoos from the text? A．They like copying humans’ behavior. B．They are highly intelligent birds. C．They are good at walking for long hours. D．They are newly found in Australia. 2．What did the scientists find in their further research? A．How humans responded to the birds’ trick. B．When the birds were able to win the battle. C．Why the birds in more areas did the trick. D．How the cockatoos learned to do the trick. 3．What do the researchers mean in the last paragraph? A．Humans have better ability to learn. B．The birds intended to make humans angry C．There are different kinds of ways to open bins. D．Humans should change their attitudes to wildlife. 4．Which of the following would be the best title for the text? A．How to Help “Homeless” Cockatoos. B．A Human-Land Conflict in Australia. C．Cockatoos Caused Humans a Terrible Problem. D．A Battle for Bins between Cockatoos and Humans. Passage4.According to official government figures, there are more than twice as many kangaroos as people in Australia, and many Australians consider them dangerous. It is reported that kangaroos are involved in more than 80 percent of the 20,000 vehicle-animal accidents each year. In the country’s under-populated region, the common belief is that kangaroo numbers have rocketed to “pandemic (大规模流行的) percentage”. It is believed that killing kangaroos is critical to boosting the economy. Meat, skins and leather from kangaroos have been sold to 56 countries. Global brands such as Nike, Puma and Adidas buy strong, soft “k-leather” to make athletic products. And kangaroo meat is finding its way into more and more grocery stores. Advocates point out that low-fat, high-protein kangaroo meat is more environmentally friendly than greenhouse gas-releasing sheep and cattle. John Kelly, former executive director of the Kangaroo Industry Association of Australia, says, “Harvesting our food from animals adapted to Australia’s environment is extremely wise and sustainable. Many ecologists will tell you that there is no more humane way of producing red meat.” Opponents of the industry call the killing inhumane, unsustainable and unnecessary. Dwayne Bannon-Harrison, a member of the Yuin people of New South Wales, says the idea that kangaroos are destroying the country is laughable. “They’ve been walking in this land a lot longer than people have,” he says. “How could something that’s been here for thousands of years be ‘destroying’ the country? I don’t understand the logic in that.” Can Australians’ disagreement on kangaroos be solved? George Wilson, a professor from Australian National University, says that if kangaroos were privately owned, then graziers (放牧人) would protect the animals, treating them as possessions (财产). They could feed them, lease them, breed them and charge hunters a fee for access. “If you want to protect something,” Wilson says, “you have to give it a value. Animals that are considered dangerous don’t have value.” If kangaroos were more valuable than cattle or sheep, landholders would work with the kangaroo industry on branding, marketing and quality control. The government’s role would be oversight and regulation. 1．What do we know from the article? A．Kangaroos are to blame for most accidents. B．Global brands make small profits on kangaroos. C．Kangaroos are relatively friendly to the environment. D．Over-populated kangaroos are doing great harm to the country’s economy. 2．Why does Dwayne Bannon disagree to kill kangaroos? A．Because it is laughable. B．Because it is destroying the country. C．Because they have existed on Earth longer than man. D．Because they live in harmony with people. 3．Which of the following might be the benefit of privatization (私有化)? A．The popularity of kangaroo hunting. B．The reduction in the number of kangaroos. C．The establishment of more conservation areas. D．The better management of the kangaroo industry. 4．What is the purpose of this passage? A．To argue against the killing of kangaroos. B．To provide a solution to the problem caused by kangaroos. C．To present different opinions on the kangaroo industry. D．To stress the importance of protecting kangaroos. Passage5.Early in the morning, a class of first graders excitedly entered the gym. Waiting for them on the floor lay a massive, life-sized, inflatable (充气的) whale, complete with eyes, flippers, and all the markings of the real-life humpback whale, named Nile. This creature is the brainchild of Cynde B．Mclnnis, a whale lover and educator. “There was always this thing in my mind about taking whales back to Indiana to teach kids,” Mclnnis said in an interview. After another educator provided an introduction to Nile, the group headed towards the entrance of the whale and took off their shoes. Once inside, the kids sat in an organized line as the educator pointed out all the significant parts of the whale’s interior. As the lesson went on, the kids yelled out answers to questions, clearly thrilled to be sitting inside this behemoth (巨兽). “The lesson is too cool for the students,” she said. “When they go in the whale, you just see this childhood excitement on their faces. ” Indeed, inside the whale there certainly was an obvious excitement. The educator kept everyone engaged with the jaw-dropping facts about whales, such as how they can eat two thousand pounds per day. To Mclnnis, learning about whales is the most certain path to their effective conservation. “It’s just getting kids to think that whales are cool, because if they don’t like them, they’re not ever going to be interested in saving them,” Mclnnis said. Her central message about conservation was the importance of the ocean to all humans. “We think that half the oxygen that we breathe comes from the ocean. Whether you live in Kansas or the coast of Massachusetts, you’re breathing,” Mclnnis said. “I think that whales are such an awe-inspiring thing,” Mclnnis added. To her, along with being beautiful creatures, whales serve as a bridge into environmentalism from a young age. 1．What do we know about Cynde B．Mclnnis? A．She enjoys organizing outdoor classes. B．She likes to study animal behavior. C．She is full of love for whales. D．She prefers to spend time with children. 2．Which of the following best describes the teaching activity? A．Demanding. B．Conventional. C．Profitable. D．Effective. 3．What might Mclnnis agree with according to the last paragraph? A．Whales are the most awe-inspiring creatures. B．Protecting the ocean can help the whales. C．The majority of oxygen supply originates from the ocean. D．A keen interest helps develop a green mind. 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Respect the Rights of Animals B．Cultivate Love for Animals in Interests C．Ocean Conservation Is Urgent D．Whales’ Story Needs to Be Heard Passage6.Animals being extinct from the Earth is a serious issue. When this happens in order to use their fur or skin for fashion, it is even worse, since it’s not even for a matter of human survival. That’s why a London zoo decided to make a powerful statement at the Siamese crocodile enclosure (围栏). When visitors come in expecting to see a crocodile, they’re greeted with the handbag instead, making a very effective and powerful point about illegal wildlife trade and the harm it takes on the species involved. A sign by the enclosure reads, “This bag used to be found swimming in slow-moving rivers and streams across Southeast Asia and Indonesia. Over the last 75 years, more than 80% of Siamese crocodiles have disappeared. Many, like this one, were hunted for their skins as part of the illegal wildlife trade.”. Native to parts of Southeast Asia, Siamese crocodiles are critically endangered and have become virtually extinct in the wild. Due to hunting as well as habitat loss, they are now absent from nearly 99% of their original range. A huge part of the decline of population is due to humans using their wetland habitat for rice farming, and things only took a turn for the worse when large-scale hunting for their skin for commercial purposes began in the 1950s. According to Benjamin Tapley, leader of reptiles and amphibians at ZSL London Zoo, the particular handbag that is on display at the zoo was confiscated at a UK airport, which was being transported illegally, likely as part of the illegal wildlife trade network.   Tapley told The Huffington Post, “We made this exhibit, within ZSL London Zoo’s Reptile House, to draw visitors’ attention to the destructive impact the Illegal Wildlife Trade(IWT)is having on species around the world. At ZSL, we are working globally with governments and local communities to protect wildlife, support law enforcement (执法) that targets illegal trade networks, empower local communities affected by IWT and reduce demand for threatened wildlife.” 1．Why does the sign say this handbag used to swim? A．It is made of a crocodile’s skin. B．It is made into a crocodile shape. C．It is light enough to float on water. D．It was kept in flowing river at first. 2．What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A．Wildly hunting of Siamese crocodiles. B．Commercial value of Siamese crocodiles. C．Destruction of Siamese crocodiles’ habitats. D．Causes to make Siamese crocodiles endangered. 3．What does the underlined word “confiscated” in paragraph 5 mean? A．Sold. B．Bought. C．Seized. D．Stolen. 4．What does Tapley’s words focus on? A．The harm IWT caused. B．The purpose to show the handbag. C．The importance of wildlife protection. D．The crisis endangered animals are facing. Passage7.Scientists have reported that the sea ice in Antarctica (南极) is at a record low level. Antarctica is a great, icy land, surrounded by the huge Southern Ocean. The ice in Antarctica doesn’t just cover the land. There’s also a large area of sea ice on the ocean’s surface. Scientists have been measuring the area of the sea ice in Antarctica since 1979. For most of this time, Antarctica has seemed to be almost unaffected by the changing weather conditions experienced in other parts of the globe. That began to change around 2016. Now, for several years, the area of Antartica’s sea ice has been shrinking. This year, the US National Snow and Ice Data Centre (NSIDC) reported that Antartica’s sea ice covered its greatest area on September 10 — almost two weeks earlier than normal. And the sea ice was at a new record low-not just by a little bit, but by a lot. The last time Antartica’s low sea ice set a record at the end of winter was in 1986. And this year, there’s about 398, 000 square miles less sea ice than in 1986. Scientists are still trying to understand what is driving the change in Antarctica. One likely direct cause for the change is the rising temperatures of the world’s oceans. Ted Scambos, a research scientist at the University of Colorado, says Antarctica’s ice levels have always changed some, but the sharp loss this year is “pointing towards warmer ocean conditions around the continent.” The new low record has concerned the scientists. Scientists are working hard to better understand Antarctica. They don’t know yet if this is just a short-term problem, or part of a long-term shift (转变) towards less sea ice in Antarctica. 1．What does the underlined word “shrinking” mean in Paragraph 3? A．Getting smaller. B．Being flat. C．Observed. D．Measured. 2．Why does the author mention the record in 1986? A．To give an example. B．To make a comparison. C．To make a summary. D．To offer an argument. 3．What is the possible direct reason for the change in Antarctica’s sea ice? A．The changing weather conditions. B．Human activities in Antarctica. C．Increased volcanic activities in the area. D．The increasing temperatures of the global oceans. 4．How do scientists feel about the low record? A．Worried. B．Annoyed. C．Excited. D．Satisfied. Passage8.The Price of Gold For decades gold miners have pillaged the lush Peruvian Amazon forest of Madre de Dios in search of the precious metal. Now a study reports that illegal mining is sharply on the rise despite the local government’s efforts to curb it and this is taking a heavy toll on the ecosystem. In 2012 the Peruvian government announced a lot of legal decrees to defend Madre de Dios — considered the country’s biodiversity capital — against miners. Authorities conducted raids, dismantled clandestine camps, and regulated fuel and supply traffic. Despite the crackdown, the total mining area had increased by about 40 percent (to around 170,000 acres) just four years later. According to the most comprehensive analysis to date, the practice — possibly enabled by poor control of the region and greater highway access — extended into at least one of the forest’s two national reserves, protected areas where mining is prohibited. Extracting gold from rock can contaminate the environment. Illegal mining activities often use liquid mercury, a toxic (有毒的) chemical that can drip into the soil or be burned off and released as toxic fumes. And the consequences of illegal mining go well beyond those of the extraction process. Miners often chop down thousands of acres of forest with heavy machinery that scars the landscape. “You can see those dredging machines sucking silt (淤泥) from the river, hear their engines,” says Raul Tupayachi, a Peruvian biologist at the Carnegie Institution for Science and a co-author of the study. “We hoped our data would show a drop in deforestation rates after the government actions tried to curb mining activities,” he says. “But we saw that, in the long run, they haven’t really made much of an impact.” The study, which analyzed satellite images taken between 1999 and 2016 and was published last August in Environmental Research Letters, found an initial decline in deforestation after the government’s actions in 2012. By 2013, however, forest loss rates had ballooned. New mines started to appear in the following years. They invaded protected areas such as the Tambopata National Reserve — home to the indigenous Ese Ejja, Quechua and Aymara peoples, as well as brightly colored macaws, giant river otters and jaguars. By 2016 mining operations had cut down at least 1,287 acres of forest within the reserve. William Llactayo, a geographical engineer at Peru’s Ministry of Environment, who did not take part in the work, says the study comes at a critical time. “If the mining trend continues,” Llactayo says, “a lot of these areas will be irreversibly degraded in the years to come.” 1．The underlined phrase “taking a heavy toll on” is closest in meaning to ______. A．contributing to B．negatively impacting on C．falling victim to D．taking full advantage of 2．How does illegal mining influence the ecosystem? A．By polluting and deforesting the land. B．By extracting precious gold from rock. C．By burning and releasing toxic fumes. D．By turning forests into farmland. 3．How does Raul Tupayachi feel when he is making the comment? A．Anxious. B．Hopeful. C．Disappointed. D．Surprised. 4．According to William Llactayo, the phenomenon revealed in the study report is ______. A．important B．continuous C．irreversible D．alarming Passage9.In shallow coastal waters of the Indian ocean, Dugong, a kind of sea cow, is in trouble. Environmental problems pose such a major threat to its survival that the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) upgraded the species’ extinction risk status (地位) to vulnerable (脆弱的). Much worse, Dugongs are at risk of losing the protection of the Torres Strait Islanders, who have looked after them historically, hunting them for food sustainably and monitoring their numbers. These native people keep their biodiversity, and have deep knowledge about their environment. But these people are also threatened, partly because rising sea levels are making it difficult for them to live there. This situation isn’t unique to Dugongs. A research team conducted a study by analyzing 385 culturally important plant and animal species and found 68 percent were both biologically vulnerable and at risk of losing their cultural protection. The findings clearly illustrate that biology shouldn’t be the primary factor in shaping conservation policy, says Victoria Reyes-García, who led the study. When a culture declines, the species that are important to that culture are also threatened. “Conservationists think we need to separate people from nature,” says Reyes-García. “But that strategy misses the caring relationship many cultural groups have with nature.” One way to help shift conservation efforts is to give species a “bio-cultural status,” which would provide a fuller picture of their vulnerability. In the study, the team adopted a new method to determine a species’ risk of disappearing — they included the languages of certain cultural groups in the research, and concluded that the more a cultural group’s language use declines, the more that culture is threatened, and the more culturally vulnerable its important species are. The latest approach to conservation involves people that have historically cared for them. Scientists hope it will bring more efforts to recognize local communities’ rights and encourage their participation in conservation, taking advantage of humans’ connection with nature instead of creating more separation. 1．What is the relationship between the native people and Dugongs? A．The native people train Dugongs to survive. B．The native people help to conserve Dugongs. C．Dugongs force the native people to leave home. D．Dugongs are endangered because islanders hunt them for food. 2．What can we infer from the third paragraph? A．Dugongs are at more risk of losing their cultural protection than other species. B．Biologists play an important role in making conservation policy. C．Culture is closely connected to species’ existence. D．Conservationists prefer nature over people. 3．How is the new study method different from previous ones? A．It involves more preservation efforts. B．It relies on the IUCN’s classification. C．It highlights the effect of human languages. D．It assesses the biological influence of a species. 4．What is the author’s attitude towards the latest approach? A．Critical. B．Favourable. C．Conservative. D．Ambiguous. Passage10.Warming seas across the globe are endangering coral reefs, a key ecosystem that supports marine life to live and thrive. As a novel approach to saving them from extinction, scientists have recently frozen groups of adult corals for the first time and then revived them, according to a recent study. Freezing biological materials, or “cryopreserving” them, refers to keeping them in a deep freeze for long periods without affecting the cell’s viability (活性), according to the Science Times website. This method usually cools them to very low temperatures, commonly to-196℃. Since cells would normally die at such a low temperature due to the formation of ice inside, scientists need to monitor the freezing rate and choose the freezing medium carefully. Researchers in the U. S. experimented with freezing pea-sized pieces of a common coral in Hawaii. After removing the microbes on the corals, they sealed the corals in metal containers filled with a chemical solution that partially dehydrated (脱水) them and helped control ice growth. When the corals reached a temperature of around - 200℃, the remaining water in the corals solidified into a glassy form. The corals were still alive, with their life-driving functions becoming extremely slow. After being cryopreserved for a few minutes, the researchers pulled the corals out and placed them in warm water. In two minutes, they started consuming oxygen - a sign of them staying alive. Previously, researchers had already successfully cryopreserved coral larvae (幼虫), according to a study in 2018．However, the larvae can only be collected when corals produce eggs in large quantities, which happens just a few nights each year. “That’s putting a lot of eggs in one basket,” U. S. marine scientist Liza Roger told Science News. This breakthrough offers more hope to the world’s corals, said Roger. However, there’s more work to be done. A few days after warming up, the corals became “stressed out” from the process and were killed by the bacteria they normally live in harmony with. The researchers are working on using antibiotics (抗生素) to help them survive for a longer period of time. 1．What is the key factor in the new method of saving corals? A．Metal containers. B．Low temperature. C．Dry ice. D．Proper cells. 2．How did researchers confirm the cryopreserved corals were alive? A．They shrank abruptly. B．They started to move. C．They began to breathe. D．They stretched out. 3．What may future research focus on? A．Helping larvae lay more eggs. B．Stabilizing the temperature. C．Warming up the corals carefully. D．Extending the life of the corals. 4．What is the text mainly about? A．Freezing corals for future use. B．Conserving corals in a new way. C．Discovering a cooling method. D．Killing bacteria to rescue corals. 二、完形填空 Passage1.On Friday afternoon, dozens of people united to save 16 dolphins, me included. They had been 1 in the Annapolis Basin. I 2 the group of dolphins through a telescope. At first I just enjoyed watching them swim in the sunshine, but soon I 3 they were in trouble. As the tide (潮水) went out, more and more dolphins were starting to 4 . I put out a series of calls for help, 5 getting in touch with the Marine Animal Response Society. Unable to travel to the basin 6 , they asked the local relevant department to organize a 7 effort. Meanwhile, I also posted information on the dolphins online and a nearby high school 8 — so the first people to join me on the scene were three 9 . Then more and more people arrived, fisheries staff included, who showed everyone what to do. Under their 10 , mud was packed around the dolphins to keep them lying on their bellies (腹部). We were 11 each other to make sure everyone was OK during the process, showing a real sense of 12 , through our voice. Having recently moved to the area, I’ve had some homesickness that has been slowly easing as I 13 myself more in things here. We got dolphins onto sheets and managed to pull all the dolphins into 14 water together. We could hear them sing sweetly; it was so 15 . 1．A．stuck B．locked C．lost D．covered 2．A．studied B．monitored C．recorded D．spotted 3．A．imagined B．perceived C．remembered D．assumed 4．A．beach B．breathe C．dive D．swim 5．A．easily B．accidentally C．eventually D．occasionally 6．A．in time B．as always C．as well D．in advance 7．A．recovery B．search C．cleanup D．rescue 8．A．commented B．apologized C．reacted D．departed 9．A．self-starters B．passers-by C．volunteers D．teenagers 10．A．control B．guidance C．influence D．protection 11．A．calling out to B．relying on C．holding on to D．staring at 12．A．urgency B．freedom C．community D．humor 13．A．encouraged B．involved C．coached D．enveloped 14．A．calm B．warm C．cold D．deep 15．A．comfortable B．beautiful C．fortunate D．challenging Passage2.When Anika Puri visited India with her family years ago, she was surprised to come across a market in Bombay filled with rows of ivory jewelry (象牙饰品) and statues. 1 , ivory trade has been illegal for more than 30 years, and elephant hunting has been 2 in India since the 1970s. “I was quite 3 ,” the 17-year-old recalls. “Because poaching (偷猎) is illegal, how come it is still such a big issue? ” Curious, Puri did some research and discovered a shocking 4 : Africa’s forest elephant population had 5 by about 62 percent between 2002 and 2011. Years later, the numbers continued to drop. Puri, a wildlife lover, wanted to do something to help protect the species and others still 6 by poaching. Over the course of two years, Puri 7 EISa, a low-cost product of a machine learning-driven software that 8 movement patterns in thermal infrared (热红外) videos of humans and 9 . The software is four times more 10 than the existing most advanced method which uses a $250 FLIRONE Pro thermal camera with 206 *resolution (分辨率) that plugs into an off-the-shelf iPhone 6. The camera and iPhone are then 11 to a drone (无人机), and the system 12 real-time inferences as it flies over parks as to whether 13 below are humans or elephants. Its 14 impact on society earned her the Peggy Scripps Award for Science Communication. “Research isn’t a straight line,” Puri says. “It makes me resourceful. It helps me 15 a more creative thinker.” 1．A．Fortunately B．Currently C．Globally D．Eventually 2．A．cancelled B．expanded C．prohibited D．pronounced 3．A．confused B．shocked C．embarrassed D．interested 4．A．lesson B．level C．scene D．statistic 5．A．risen B．increased C．changed D．declined 6．A．threatened B．caused C．occupied D．defended 7．A．discovered B．recommended C．planned D．created 8．A．analyzes B．compares C．describes D．provides 9．A．parks B．elephants C．species D．images 10．A．complex B．popular C．accurate D．difficult 11．A．accustomed B．attached C．related D．limited 12．A．produces B．shares C．chooses D．collects 13．A．insects B．objects C．pictures D．goals 14．A．ambiguous B．random C．potential D．adventurous 15．A．get into B．break into C．introduce into D．develop into Passage3.A lonely puppy was found wandering the streets of Wales. 1 to its neck was an envelope that read, “Help me!” Inside the envelope was a note that provided more information about the 2 dog. The note read, “My name is Chase. I am 1 year old. I am very 3 and kind. I need a 4 home as my owner is in trouble and cannot take care of me. Please 5 me. Thank you.” Chase was taken to Hope Rescue. In the beginning, Chase was very 6 , however, the shelter provided lots of 7 , and he slowly became more trusting. Initially, Chase stayed in his kennel (狗窝) and chose not to play or 8 , but he eventually became more comfortable with the shelter’s staff. The shelter posted on the Internet photos of the 9 Chase was wearing when found. They also posted a photo of him being held by one of their staff members. They hoped that Chase’s owner might see the post and find 10 in knowing that Chase is now safe and being 11 . A foster (抚养) home 12 . They’ve got two little dogs. Chase is really enjoying the 13 of the two little ones. Although he has 14 a really stressful situation, we’ re hoping that he will have a lovely life with the new 15 . 1．A．Limited B．Adjusted C．Devoted D．Attached 2．A．deserted B．reserved C．adopted D．retired 3．A．weak B．friendly C．lucky D．strange 4．A．big B．quiet C．new D．clean 5．A．help B．identify C．reward D．free 6．A．bored B．confident C．excited D．insecure 7．A．money B．orders C．love D．challenges 8．A．complain B．interact C．struggle D．perform 9．A．clothes B．smile C．hair D．note 10．A．patience B．intention C．comfort D．value 11．A．looked for B．cared for C．depended on D．turned down 12．A．survived B．served C．judged D．arrived 13．A．company B．rescue C．request D．absence 14．A．expected B．transformed C．experienced D．deserved 15．A．staff B．family C．neighbor D．customer Passage4.I have been volunteering for Tri-County Wildlife Care (TCWC) for 7 years. The job is emotionally demanding, and even more 1 for a migraines(偏头痛) sufferer. So why do I throw myself into it? Because at the most difficult time in my 2 , saving wildlife saved me too. I have had migraines for as long as I can remember. Sometimes it was a(n) 3 to attend school. I would have to put my head 4 my desk to reduce the pain. So I chose to study at home. But being disconnected from the rest of the world made me feel 5 . “I can’t 6 this anymore!” When Mum came to get me from the clinic, I nearly 7 . Then on our way back home, I 8 a fallen nest. Two baby birds lay on the ground. Were they still alive? I 9 closer. Thankfully they were 10 ! “You’re going to be okay,” I said to the birds. “I promise.” The next day Mum and I 11 took them to a wildlife care center. For the first time in a long time, I felt helpful instead of helpless. It was as if the baby birds’   12 for me was stronger than my pain. I did find something 13 to do. Then I began volunteering for TCWC． Every time I hold a bird in my hands, I feel a sense of 14 ，because it brings me so much 15 to help these homeless animals. 1．A．puzzling B．comforting C．challenging D．interesting 2．A．training B．work C．study D．life 3．A．honour B．adventure C．struggle D．commitment 4．A．into B．against C．above D．over 5．A．useless B．clumsy C．shallow D．fearless 6．A．stand B．own C．follow D．support 7．A．threw up B．broke down C．set out D．turned back 8．A．took B．caught C．destroyed D．spotted 9．A．jumped B．drove C．walked D．flew 10．A．singing B．breathing C．recovering D．waiting 11．A．gratefully B．carefully C．modestly D．frequently 12．A．need B．lack C．search D．love 13．A．necessary B．creative C．normal D．meaningful 14．A．frustration B．regret C．gratitude D．guilt 15．A．trust B．justice C．imagination D．joy ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$