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精讲册·广西英语
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命题点 6 非谓语动词
(选词填空: 必考 1 道)
考点精讲
非谓语动词在句中不可单独作谓语, 它不受
主语人称和数的限制, 有三种形式:动词不定式、
动名词和分词(现在分词和过去分词)。 解答此
类试题时, 考生可参考以下步骤:
1. 判定本题应使用谓语动词还是非谓语动词:判
断句子是否缺少谓语。
(1)若句子缺少谓语, 该动词就用谓语动词形式。
一般情况下, 动词作谓语放在主语之后, 比如
“I love you.”中的 love 就是谓语动词;
(2)若句中已有谓语动词, 而且没有并列连词使
其与所选动词并列, 该动词就用非谓语动词
形式。
2. 判定本题应使用非谓语动词的哪种形式:
(1)根据动词的固定搭配和固定句型来确定;
(2)根据非谓语动词的句法功能来确定用哪种形
式。 如:作主语或宾语, 用动词不定式或动
名词;作目的状语, 用动词不定式等。
考点 1 动词不定式(必考 1 道)
(2022 版课标要求:掌握不定式作宾语、宾语补足语、目
的状语)
基本形式:to+动词原形(不定式符号 to 有时可以
省略)
否定形式:not to+动词原形。
1. 动词不定式( to do)的句法功能
句法功能 用法及例句
作宾语
(2023.85)
常见接动词不定式作宾语的动词(词组)
( v. + to do sth.) 有: want, afford, agree,
choose, decide, expect, fail, used to
等。 如:
I want to keep the classroom clean. 我想保
持教室干净。
更多接动词不定式作宾语的动词见《晨
读册》P66
续表
句法功能 用法及例句
作宾语
补足语
常见接动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词( v.
+sb. / sth.+ to do sth.)有:advise, allow, ask,
encourage, expect, force, invite, tell, warn
等。 如:
Our teacher advises us to keep the classroom
clean. 老师建议我们保持教室干净。
更多接动词不定式作宾语补足语的动
词见《晨读册》P67
注意:一些使役动词和感官动词后接动词
不定式作宾语补足语时, 应省略动词不定
式中的 to, 但是变被动语态时, 要还原 to。
此类动词常见的有:
三看(see, watch, notice);
三使( let, make, have);
一听(hear)和一感觉( feel)。
如: My mother made me clean my room
yesterday morning. = I was made to clean my
room by my mother yesterday morning. 昨天
早上我妈妈让我打扫我的房间。
作状语
▶作目的状语(2024.79,样卷 85)
Jim got up early to cook breakfast for his
mother. 吉姆早起为了给他妈妈做早饭。
▶作结果状语
Paul is too excited to say anything. 保罗
太激动以至于什么也说不出。
▶作原因状语
I am very happy to talk with you. 我很开
心和你交谈。
作主语
▶动词不定式作主语时, 常用 it 作形式主
语, 真正的主语———动词不定式则被后
置。 如:
Its important to keep the classroom clean.
保持教室干净很重要。
▶若动词不定式位于句首作主语, 谓语动
词用第三人称单数。 如:
To help others makes James happy. 帮助别
人使詹姆斯快乐。
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续表
句法功能 用法及例句
作定语
动词不定式作定语时, 要置于被修饰的词
之后, 作后置定语。 如:
I am not free now. I have lots of things to do.
我现在没空。 我有许多事情要做。
作表语
动词 不 定 式 作 表 语 常 位 于 系 动 词 之
后。 如:
My purpose is to keep the classroom clean.
我的目的是保持教室干净。
2. 动词不定式的常用句型
(1)too+adj.+to do sth. 太……而不能做某事
(2)adj.+enough to do sth. 足够……做某事
(3)prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 宁愿做某
事而不愿做某事
(4)Its+adj.( +for sb.) +to do sth. (对某人来说)
做某事是……的。
(5) Its + adj. + of sb. + to do sth. 某人做某事是
……的。
(6)Its time to do sth. 该是做某事的时候了。
(7)Its ones turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事了。
(8)It takes / took sb. some time to do sth. 某人花费
多长时间做某事。
(9)find / think / feel it+adj. +to do sth. 发现 /认为 /
感到做某事是……的。
3. “疑问词+动词不定式”的用法
(1)动词不定式与疑问词连用可作主语、宾语或
表语。 如:
When to go to Beijing hasnt been decided
yet. 什么时候去北京还没定下来。 (作主语)
I havent decided when to leave Beijing. 我还
没决定什么时候离开北京。 (作宾语)
My question is how to go to Beijing. 我的问
题是如何去北京。 (作表语)
(2)“疑问词+动词不定式”作宾语时可以转化为
宾语从句。 如:
Can you tell me where to buy a cup? = Can
you tell me where I can buy a cup?
你能告诉我在哪里能买到一个杯子吗?
考点 2 动名词(2022 版课标仅作理解要求)
1. 动名词(v.-ing)的句法功能
句法功能 用法及例句
作宾语
作动词宾语:常见接动名词作宾语的动词
(v.+ doing sth.)有:avoid, consider, enjoy,
finish, imagine, keep 等。 如:
I enjoy playing football very much. 我非常
喜欢踢足球。
更多接动名词作宾语的动词见《晨读
册》P66
作介 词 宾 语: I have no experience in
teaching English. 我没有教英语的经验。
作主语
若动名词位于句首作主语, 谓语动词用第
三人称单数。 如:
Getting up early is a good habit. 早起是个
好习惯。
作表语
His job is teaching Chinese in a school. 他
的工作是在一所学校教汉语。
作定语
We need a washing machine. 我们需要一台
洗衣机。
2. 动名词的常用搭配或句型
(1)be good at / do well in doing sth. 擅长做某事
(2)be interested in doing sth. / have ( an) interest
in doing sth. 对做某事感兴趣
(3) be / get / become used to doing sth. 习惯于做
某事
(4)be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事
(5)be worth doing sth. 值得做某事
(6)cant help doing sth. 情不自禁做某事
(7)feel like doing sth. 想要做某事
(8)give up doing sth. 放弃做某事
(9)have a hard time in doing sth. 做某事很艰难
(10) have difficulty / problems / trouble ( in) doing
sth. 做某事有困难
(11) have fun ( in) doing sth. / have a good time
(in) doing sth. 做某事很开心
(12)have luck (in) doing sth. 做某事有运气
(13)look forward to doing sth. 期望做某事
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(14) prefer doing to doing 喜欢做……胜过
做……
(15)stick to doing sth. / hold on to doing sth. 坚持
做某事
(16)pay attention to doing sth. 注意做某事
(17) spend+时间 /金钱+( in) doing sth. 花费时
间 /金钱做某事
(18)succeed in doing sth. 成功做某事
(19)Thank sb. for doing sth. 因某人做了某事而
感谢某人。
(20)What / How about doing sth.? 做某事怎么样?
注意
有一些动词后面既可以接动名词, 也可以接
动词不定式:
(1)意义相同类
①like / love to do sth. = like / love doing sth. 喜欢 /喜
爱做某事
②begin / start to do sth. =begin / start doing sth. 开始
做某事
③hate to do sth. =hate doing sth. 讨厌做某事
(2)意义不同类
forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事(已做)
forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事(未做){
remember doing sth. 记得做过某事(已做)
remember to do sth. 记得去做某事(未做){
regret doing sth. 对做过的事感到后悔(已做)
regret to do sth. 对要做的事感到遗憾(未做){
mean doing sth. 意味着做某事
mean to do sth. 打算做某事{
need to do sth. (某人)需要做某事
need doing sth. (某物)需要被……{
stop doing sth. 停止做某事
stop to do sth. 停下来去做另一件事{
try doing sth. 尝试做某事
try to do sth. 设法 /努力做某事{
考点 3 分词(2022 版课标仅作理解要求)
1. 分词的句法功能
分词包括现在分词 ( v.-ing) 和过去分词
(v.-ed),其常见句法功能有:
用法 例句
作补
足语
现在分词作补足语, 被
修饰的宾语或主语是
它的逻辑主语(即主动
关系)。
I hear my sister
singing. 我听见我姐
姐 /妹妹在唱歌。
过去分词作补足语, 被
修饰的宾语或主语是
它的逻辑宾语(即动宾
关系)。
I had my hair cut last
night. 昨天晚上我理
发了。
作定语
现在分词作定语, 所修
饰的词是其逻辑主语。
Do you know the boy
playing football?
你认识正在踢球的
那个男孩吗?
过去分词作定语, 所修
饰的词是其逻辑宾语。
Please hand in your
written exercises. 请
上交你(们)的书面
练习。
2. 现在分词与过去分词的区别
角度 意义 示例
语态
现在分词表
示主动意义
a sleeping girl 一个正在睡觉
的女孩
an exciting story 一个令人兴奋
的故事
过去分词表
示被动意义
the moved people 被 感 动 的
人们
a broken mirror 打碎的镜子
时间
现在分词表
示正在进行
的动作
developing countries 发 展 中
国家
boiling water 沸水
过去分词表
示已完成的
动作
developed countries 发达国家
boiled water 已经煮开过的水
(可能是凉开水)
3. 过去分词的常见句型
(1)主语+have / get sth. done 使……被…… 如:
I want to have / get these chairs fixed. 我想把这
些椅子修理一下。
(2)It is +过去分词+that 句型
①It is reported that 据报道……
②It is said that 据说……
③It is hoped that 人们希望……
④It is well-known that 众所周知……
⑤It is suggested that 有人建议……
⑥It is required that 人们要求……
501
精讲册·广西英语
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法
专
题
精
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考点精练
一、单项选择
易错点专练
1. (2024 自贡) To save energy, dont forget
C the light before you leave the room.
A. turn off B. turning off
C. to turn off
2. Mary dances very well. Ill never forget
A her dance for the first time.
A. seeing B. to see C. see
3. —There is a wonderful football match on
TV now. Why not stop B it?
—OK, lets watch it together.
A. watch B. to watch C. watching
4. Our English teacher told us to spend as
much time as we can C English.
A. read B. to read C. reading
5. Nick felt terribly sorry. He said he didnt
mean C the rule.
A. break B. breaking C. to break
6. If we want to catch the first train, that will
mean B the house at 6:00.
A. leave B. leaving C. to leave
7. Its going to rain. Please remember B
the window before you leave the room.
A. close B. to close C. closing
8. —I remember B the theater ticket
home, but I cant find it.
—Dont worry. Lets look for it together.
A. bring B. bringing C. to bring
9. ( 2020 北部湾经济区 Ⅱ 卷 38 题改编) Now the
Chinese government has made laws C
wild animals.
A. protect B. protected C. to protect
10. (2024 云南改编) Our headmaster will invite a
scientist B us a speech on space technology.
A. give B. to give C. giving
11. ( 2024 凉山州) B teenagers eyesight,
experts advise them to stay away from electronic
products.
A. Protect B. To protect C. Protecting
12. Its reported that China plans C
astronauts to the moon before 2030.
A. send B. sending C. to send
13. Many people enjoy A zongzi by
themselves on the Dragon Boat Festival.
A. making B. made C. to make
14. —The art festival is coming. Its a good chance
to show ourselves.
—You are very good at A . And you will
be the most popular star.
A. singing B. sing C. to sing
15. Boys and girls, good luck and wish you C
good grades in a new year.
A. get B. getting C. to get
16. Today, we must continue working B our
skies blue, waters clean and lands clear.
A. keep B. to keep C. keeping
17. If you have difficulty B out the problem,
you can ask the teacher for help.
A. work B. working C. to work
18. —Mike, we are told not B the phone
while crossing the street.
—I am sorry. I wont do it again.
A. answering B. to answer C. answer
19. —I have less homework than before.
—Me too. Now we have enough time C
books.
A. read B. reading C. to read
20. It took him half an hour C the violin last
night.
A. playing B. play C. to play
21. —Most teenagers like humorous TV shows.
—Me too. I cant help A when I watch
them.
A. laughing B. to laugh C. laugh
22. Most of the students are looking forward to
A themselves after the exams.
A. relaxing B. relaxed C. relax
601
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23. —Do you know there are more than 3, 000
languages B in the world?
—Sorry, I have no idea.
A. speaking B. spoken C. speak
二、选词填空
visit know make save improve become help
Doctors are usually busy every day. However,
when I was in primary school, my dream was to
1. a doctor. In fact, as a little boy, I
didnt 2. clearly about this job. After I
grow up, I know its not easy to be a doctor.
Doctors play an important part in 3.
lives. They are always busy and dont have much
personal time. My grandfather suffered from cancer
(患上癌症)when I was eight years old. One day,
my mother bought something for my grandfather and
took me to the hospital to 4. him. When I
reached there, I saw he seemed to be in great pain.
Then I asked my mom about the reason. She told me
my grandfather was in bad health and the doctors
were trying to 5. him get healthy again.
At that time, the doctors gave me some hope.
I know its difficult to be a great doctor, so I
plan to 6. myself. Im going to university
for higher education. If I become a doctor, Id like
to 7. those people in need. I hope the
world can become better because of great doctors.
命题点 7 主谓一致(2022 版课标仅作理解要求)
考点精讲
在英语句子中, 谓语受主语支配, 谓语必须
与主语在人称和数上保持一致, 这就叫主谓一
致。 循其规律, 大致可归纳为三个原则:语法一
致原则、意义一致原则和就近原则。
考点 1 语法一致原则
主 语 谓语 例 句
不可数名词
可数名词单数及
第三人称单数
one of +可数名词
复数 /复数代词
either, neither,
each, every 或 no
+单数名词
复合不定代词
动词不定式 ( 短
语)、 动名词 ( 短
语)或从句
the number of +可
数名词复数
单数
Water is important to everyone.
水对每个人都很重要。
The young man is from Paris.
那位年轻人来自巴黎。
One of the books is boring.
这些书里有一本很无聊。
Each person has a new book.
每个人都有一本新书。
Everybody has a chance to
win. 每个人都有机会赢。
What he said is very meaningful.
他说的话很有意义。
The number of the apples is
12. 苹果的数量是十二。
续表
主 语 谓语 例 句
a number of+可数
名词复数
可数名词复数、人
称代词复数及第
二人称单数 you
and 或 both and
连接的名词
复数
A number of books were given
to the poor students. 许多书被
捐给了那些贫穷的学生。
The children were in the
classroom two hours ago. 那些孩
子们两个小时前在教室里。
Both Jenny and Kate are my
friends. 詹妮和凯特都是我的
好朋友。
主 语 后 面 跟 有
with, together with,
except, but, like,
as well as, rather
than, including 等
取决
于主
语的
数
The mother, together with her
three sons, was happy. 这位
妈妈和她的三个儿子都很
开心。
分数 /百分数+of+
名词
a lot of / lots of /
plenty of / the rest
of+ 名词
取决
于名
词的
数
60% of the students in our
class are girls. 我们班百分之
六十的学生是女生。
A lot of people are in the
classroom. 许多人在教室里。
701
参考答案·广西英语
精
讲
册
二、1.
ninth 2.
similar 3.
festival 4.
as 5.
also
6.
activities 7.
energy 8.
called 9.
they 10.
forget
九年级(全)Units
3~ 4
教材重难精讲练
1.
A 2.
C 3.
C 4.
A 5.
suggestion 6.
C 7.
A
8.
A 9.
B 10.
B 11.
A 12.
C
词汇 & 语法综合练
一、1.
B 2.
B 3.
C 4.
A 5.
B 6.
C 7.
A 8.
B
9.
C 10.
A
二、1.
rapidly
2.
her 3.
memories 4.
make 5.
nine
6.
teacher 7.
around 8.
built 9.
personal 10.
time
九年级(全)Units
5~ 6
教材重难精讲练
1.
from 2.
in 3.
of 4.
by 5.
C 6.
A 7.
pleasure
8.
pleasant 9.
pleased 10.
please 11.
C 12.
A 13.
B
14.
B 15.
C 16.
C 17.
My
best
friend
is
not
only
clever
but
also
hard-working.
词汇 & 语法综合练
一、1.
C 2.
A 3.
C 4.
A 5.
A 6.
C 7.
B 8.
A
9.
C 10.
C
二、1.
without 2.
smallest 3.
products 4.
something
5.
owner 6.
began 7.
system 8.
protect 9.
three
10.
widely
九年级(全)Units
7~ 8
教材重难精讲练
1.
C 2.
B 3.
A 4.
C 5.
B 6.
tried 7.
managed
8.
B 9.
joined 10.
join
in 11.
attend 12.
B
13.
asleep 14.
slept 15.
sleepy 16.
sleeping 17.
C
词汇 & 语法综合练
一、1.
B 2.
C 3.
A 4.
A 5.
C 6.
B 7.
A 8.
B
9.
A 10.
B 11.
C
二、1.
because 2.
them 3.
example 4.
loudly 5.
shouted
6.
noisy 7.
classmates 8.
again 9.
lost 10.
follow
九年级(全)Units
9~ 10
教材重难精讲练
1.
C 2.
C 3.
A 4.
A 5.
A 6.
B 7.
C 8.
A 9.
B
10.
C 11.
B 12.
C 13.
except 14.
but 15.
except
for
词汇 & 语法综合练
一、1.
A 2.
B 3.
B 4.
A 5.
C 6.
C 7.
A 8.
C
9.
A
二、1.
knives 2.
ancient 3.
developed 4.
prefer
5.
difference 6.
together 7.
after 8.
others
9.
number 10.
happy
九年级(全)Units
11~ 12
教材重难精讲练
1.
C 2.
feel 3.
understood 4.
A 5.
A 6.
lived
7.
living 8.
lively
词汇 & 语法综合练
一、1.
C 2.
B 3.
A 4.
B 5.
A 6.
B 7.
C 8.
B
9.
A 10.
B
二、1.
daughter 2.
held 3.
around 4.
happily
5.
something 6.
friends 7.
reply 8.
us 9.
angry
10.
when
九年级(全)Units
13~ 14
教材重难精讲练
1.
A 2.
C 3.
B 4.
A 5.
C 6.
B
7.
It
is
time
to
take
action
to
protect
the
environment.
词汇 & 语法综合练
一、1.
C 2.
A 3.
C 4.
B 5.
C 6.
B 7.
A 8.
C
9.
B
二、1.
home 2.
villagers 3.
worry 4.
from 5.
or
6.
importance 7.
them 8.
loved 9.
greener
10.
anymore
第二部分 语法专题精讲练
专题一 动词
命题点 1 动词词义辨析
一、1.
A 2.
A 3.
C 4.
B 5.
B 6.
A 7.
C 8.
C
9.
A 10.
A 11.
A 12.
B 13.
C 14.
C 15.
B
16.
B 17.
B 18.
C 19.
A 20.
A
二、1.
A 2.
C 3.
B 4.
B 5.
C 6.
A 7.
C 8.
A
9.
C 10.
C
命题点 2 动词短语辨析
一、1.
A 2.
C 3.
B 4.
A 5.
C 6.
B 7.
B 8.
C
9.
C 10.
B 11.
A 12.
A 13.
C 14.
C 15.
A
16.
B 17.
C 18.
A 19.
A 20.
A 21.
C 22.
C
23.
A 24.
B 25.
B 26.
A 27.
B 28.
B 29.
C
30.
C
二、1.
A 2.
C 3.
B 4.
A 5.
B
命题点 3 情态动词
1.
B 2.
B 3.
C 4.
B 5.
B 6.
C 7.
B 8.
A 9.
A
10.
C 11.
C 12.
B 13.
A 14.
C 15.
A 16.
C
17.
C 18.
C
命题点 4 动词的时态
一、1.
C 2.
A 3.
A 4.
B 5.
C 6.
C 7.
B 8.
C
9.
B 10.
A 11.
C 12.
C 13.
A 14.
A 15.
C
16.
A 17.
B 18.
B 19.
B 20.
A 21.
A 22.
C
23.
B 24.
C 25.
C 26.
B 27.
C 28.
C 29.
C
30.
C 31.
C 32.
A
二、1.
getting 2.
help 3.
put 4.
stood 5.
began
6.
have
命题点 5 动词的语态
一、1.
A 2.
A 3.
C 4.
C 5.
C 6.
B 7.
A 8.
C
9.
C 10.
A 11.
C 12.
A
二、1.
trying 2.
called 3.
collected 4.
solved 5.
used
6.
expected
命题点 6 非谓语动词
一、1.
C 2.
A 3.
B 4.
C 5.
C 6.
B 7.
B 8.
B
9.
C 10.
B 11.
B 12.
C 13.
A 14.
A 15.
C
16.
B 17.
B 18.
B 19.
C 20.
C 21.
A 22.
A
23.
B
二、1.
become 2.
know 3.
saving 4.
visit 5.
make
6.
improve 7.
help
命题点 7 主谓一致
1.
A 2.
B 3.
A 4.
C 5.
C 6.
A 7.
B 8.
C 9.
B
10.
A 11.
B 12.
A
4