专题11 现在完成时的构成和用法-【寒假分层作业】2025年八年级英语寒假培优练（冀教版）

寒假作业11 现在完成时的构成和用法 内容早知道 ☛第一层 巩固提升练（2大考点） 考点一 现在完成时的构成 考点二 现在完成时的用法 ☛第二层 能力培优练 ☛第三层 拓展突破练 现在完成时的构成 【知识积累·练前热身】 主语+have/has+过去分词+其他 动词的过去式及过去分词的构成； 变化情况 规则 / 不规则 例词 规则 变化 在动词原形后加-ed work→worked→worked, stay→stayed→stayed 以辅音字母+y结尾的动词,先将y变为i再加-ed carry→carried→carried, study→studied→studied 以不发音的字母e结尾的动词,直接加-d live→lived→lived,close→closed→closed 以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,双写该辅音字母后再加-ed stop→stopped→stopped, plan→planned→planned 不规则 变化 AAA型(即原形、过去式与过去分词三式同形) cut→cut→cut, put→put→put, let→let→let ABB型(即过去式与过去分词同形) think→thought→thought,teach→taught→taught ABC型(即原形、过去式与过去分词不同形) ABA型(即原形与过去分词同形) do→did→done, go→went→gone come→came→come,run→ran→run 1．I ________ the book yet. A．haven’t read B．hadn’t read C．don’t read D．am not reading 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我还没看书。 考查时态。根据现在完成时标志词“yet”可知，该句为现在完成时，否定结构为“haven’t/hasn’t + 过去分词”，故选A。 2．Have the school ________ the right person to attend the meeting yet? A．choose B．choosen C．chose D．chosen 【答案】D 【解析】句意：学校有没有选择合适的人来参加会议？ 考查过去分词的变化规则。choose选择，动词原形；choosen单词拼写错误；chose选择，过去式；chosen选择，过去分词。根据“yet”可知，时态为现在完成时；根据“Have”可知，后面接动词的过去分词；choose的过去分词形式为chosen。故选D。 3．The birthday cake was quickly ________ by the children. A．eat up B．ate up C．eating up D．eaten up 【答案】D 【解析】句意：生日蛋糕很快被孩子们吃光了。 考查被动语态。分析句子可知，主语the birthday cake和谓语eat之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态，其谓语结构为“be+done”，故选D。 4．The water in this lake _______ by the factories around it. A．be polluted B．pollute C．was polluted D．being polluted 【答案】C 【解析】句意：这个湖里的水被它周围的工厂污染。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据语境可知湖水已被污染，应用一般过去时，而主语the water和谓语动词pollute为逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态，其谓语结构为“was/were+done”，故选C。 5．Mary ________ in bed with the doll Mum has ________ beside her. A．laid; lay B．lay; lain C．lay; laid D．laid; laid 【答案】C 【解析】句意：玛丽躺在床上，旁边是妈妈放在她身边的玩偶。 考查动词辨析。lie平躺，过去式为lay，过去分词为lain；lay放置，过去式为laid，过去分词为laid。分析句子，选空一表示“躺在床上”，时态为一般过去时，故应用动词lie的过去式lay；由“beside her”可知此处表达“放置”，根据“has”可知句子为现在完成时，故应用动词lay的过去分词laid。故选C。 6．Scientists have always ________ the question many times. A．asks B．asking C．asked D．ask 【答案】C 【解析】句意：科学家们总是问过这个问题许多次。 考查现在完成时的构成。分析句子结构可知，该句为现在完成时，其结构为“have/has+动词过去分词”，所以本空应该填过去分词形式asked，故选C。 7．I have ________ lots of writing competitions already. A．entered B．enters C．entering D．to entered 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我已经参加了很多写作比赛。 考查动词时态。根据already可知，此句用现在完成时have/has done的结构，空格前已有have，此空应填过去分词，故选A。 8．—Here is my phone number, 8912232. —Oh, I’ve ________. A．wrote it down B．written it down C．wrote down them D．written them down 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——这是我的电话号码，8912232。——哦，我已经把它写下来了。 考查过去分词及代词辨析。根据“I’ve”可知，此处应用“have+过去分词”构成现在完成时，write的过去分词为written，排除A、C项；it它；them它们。根据“Here is my phone number”可知，这里指代上文提到的“phone number”，应用it来指代。故选B。 9．The Chinese climbers have ________ many valuable things on the mountain. A．discovery B．discovered C．discovering D．discovers 【答案】B 【解析】句意：中国登山者在山上已经发现了许多有价值的东西。 考查谓语动词。从have可知，句子时态为现在完成时，其后应接动词过去分词；动词discover发现，过去分词为discovered。 故选B。 10．My father has already ________ the books. How great he is! A．write B．wrote C．written D．writes 【答案】C 【解析】句意：我的父亲已经写了这些书。他太棒了！ 考查动词时态。根据“has already...”可知，此句为现在完成时态，助动词“has”后接动词过去分词，write的过去分词是written。故选C。 11．— Would you like to see the movie with me tonight, Simon? — Sorry. I ________ it twice. A．see B．saw C．will see D．have seen 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——今晚你想要和我一起看电影吗，Simon？——抱歉。我已经看了两次了。 考查现在完成时。根据语境可知因为看了两次所以今晚不和对方看电影，强调过去事件对现在的影响，应用现在完成时，其谓语结构为“have/has+done”，故选D。 12．I have ________ your words so I don’t know what to do next. A．mixing up B．mixs up C．mixed up D．mixxed 【答案】C 【解析】句意：我把你的话弄混淆了，因此不知道下一步该怎么做了。 考查现在完成时。mixxed错误形式，排除D；mix up混淆，根据“have...”可知句子用现在完成时have/has done，故此处用过去分词。故选C。 13．I have already ________ many English books about England. A．readed B．reading C．read D．readded 【答案】C 【解析】句意：我已经读了许多关于英国的英语书籍。 考查动词的过去分词形式。根据“I have already”可知本句是现在完成时，动词用过去分词。read的过去分词还是read。故选C。 14．My uncle has just ________ me to his house to have dinner. A．invited B．invites C．inviting D．invitation 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我叔叔刚刚邀请我到他家吃饭。 考查现在完成时。根据“has”可知本句是现在完成时，动词应用过去分词invited。故选A。 15．My habits ________ a lot in the last few years. A．change B．changed C．has changed D．have changed 【答案】D 【解析】句意：我的习惯在过去几年里改变了许多。 考查现在完成时。根据“in the last few years”可知，句子的时态应用现在完成时，其谓语结构为“have/has+done”，主语my habits为复数，助动词应用have，故选D。 现在完成时的用法 【知识积累·练前热身】 现在完 成时 (1) 表示动作在说话之前已完成,对现在有影响 (2)表示动作开始于过去,持续到现在,并可能继续进行下去,常和for,since连用,表示持续的动作或状态,多用延续性动词 主语+have/has+过去分词 just, ever, yet,already, so far, in the past 5 years, for和since引导的时间状语 I have already finished my homework. 我已经完成了我的作业。 He has studied English for 5 years. 他学习英语已经五年了。 He has been to Beijing. 他去过北京。 They have been married for 30 years. 他们已经结婚三十年了。 1．—Excuse me, ________ you ever ________ a UFO? —Yes, I saw one in the sky while I ________ back home last month. A．did; see; was walking B．have; seen; walked C．have; seen; was walking 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——请问，你见过不明飞行物吗？——是的，上个月我步行回家时在天空中看到了一个。 考查时态。根据“ever”可知，第一句为现在完成时，结构为have/has+done，主语是you，助动词用have；第二句为while引导的时间状语从句，表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，用过去进行时，结构为was/were+doing，主语是I，be动词用was。故选C。 2．－________ you seen the movie Gone with the Wind? －No, never. A．Do B．Can C．Have D．Has 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——你看过电影《乱世佳人》吗？——没有，从没看过。 考查现在完成时态。根据谓语动词“seen”可知，此处需用助动词have或has和seen构成现在完成时，因为主语是you，为第二人称，所以用have。故选C。 3．Nice to see you again. We ________ each other for a long time. A．won’t see B．don’t see C．didn’t see D．haven’t seen 【答案】D 【解析】句意：很高兴再次见到你。我们有很长时间没有见面了。 考查时态。won’t see将不会见；don’t see现在没见，用于一般现在时；didn’t see之前没见，用于一般过去时；haven’t seen还没见，用于现在完成时。根据题干中“for a long time”提示可知，空处需用现在完成时，表示从过去到现在未见。故选D。 4．—When ________ you ________ the novel back to me? —Sorry, I ________ it. How about Friday? A．did; give; didn’t finish B．do; return; don’t finish C．will; give; haven’t finished 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——你什么时候把小说还给我？——对不起，我还没有读完。星期五怎么样？ 考查时态。根据“When...you...the novel back to me?”可知，时态为一般将来时，结构为will+do，return sth to sb/give sth back to sb“把某物还给某人”，第二空应用give原形；根据“How about Friday?”可知，是还没有完成，时态用现在完成时，否定含义结构为haven’t/hasn’t+done，主语是I，助动词用have，finish“完成”的过去分词为finished。故选C。 5．—How long _________ you ________? —For three years. A．do；paint B．are；painting C．did；painted D．have；painted 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——你画画多久了？——三年了。 考查现在完成时。根据答语“For three years.”可知，问句应用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has +过去分词”，主语为you，助动词用have，paint的过去分词是painted。故选D。 6．—Do you like playing table tennis? —Yes. I like playing it very much and I________ the Table Tennis Club of our school for two years. A．have joined B．become a member of C．have entered D．have been in 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——你喜欢打乒乓球吗？——是的，我非常喜欢，我已经加入我们学校的乒乓球俱乐部两年了。 考查现在完成时和延续性动词。根据“for two years”可知，应用现在完成时态，即“have/has done”结构，且动词需用延续性动词。join/enter都是短暂性动词，无法和一段时间连用；be in...表示状态，可以延续。故选D。 7．—How long may I ________ your bike, Denial? —For two weeks. But you mustn’t ________ it to others, Amy. A．borrow; lend B．keep; lend C．keep; borrow D．lend; borrow 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——丹尼斯，你的自行车我可以借多久？——两周。艾米，但是你不能把它借给别人。 考查动词。borrow借入，是瞬间性动词；lend借出，是瞬间性动词；keep保留，是延续性动词。根据“How long”可知，与时间段连用，用延续性动词，因此第一空用keep。lend sth to sb“把某物借给某人”，因此第一空用lend，故选B。 8．—Have you ________ been to France? —No, ________. A．ever; never B．never; ever C．ever; ever D．never; never 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——你曾经去过法国吗？——没有，从来没有。 考查副词。ever曾经，常与现在完成时连用，表示某个动作或状态是否曾经发生过；never从未。分析句子可知，第一空表示“曾经”；第二空表示“从未去过”。故选A。 9．—________ you ever ________ to Chengdu Research Base? —No, never. But I plan to visit it this summer. A．Did; go B．Have; been C．Are; going 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——你去过成都研究基地吗？——不，从来没有。但我计划今年夏天去参观那里。 考查时态。根据“ever”及答语“No, never. But I plan to visit it this summer.”可知，此处指过去的动作对现在造成影响，应用现在完成时。故选B。 10．My grandmother ________ here for 10 years, so she knows well about her neighbourhood. A．lives B．has lived C．will live D．was living 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我祖母在这里住了10年，所以她很了解她所在的社区。 考查时态及主谓一致。根据“for 10 years”可知，此处应用现在完成时，空处所在句的主语为“My grandmother”，所以谓语用三单形式。故选B。 11．How time flies! It has been ten years since I ________ him in Xuzhou. A．meet B．met C．have met D．will meet 【答案】B 【解析】句意：时间过得真快！自从我在徐州见到他以来，已经有十年了。 考查动词时态。根据英语语法，since前的主句为现在完成时，since后的从句用一般过去时，故选B。 12．She ________ in the pool since half an hour ago. A．is swimming B．swims C．has swum D．swam 【答案】C 【解析】句意：她半小时前就在游泳池里游泳了。 考查动词时态。根据“since half an hour ago”可知，此句用现在完成时，结构为has/have done，故选C。 13．—Lucy, where is your mom? —She ________ the supermarket. She ________ soon. A．has gone to; comes back B．has been to; will come back C．has gone to; will be back 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——露西，你妈妈去哪了？——她去超市了，一会回来。 考查现在完成时和一般将来时。has been to表示“去过”，has gone to表示“去了” ，根据“the supermarket. She...”可知去了超市还没回来，故应该用have gone to，根据“soon”可知句子用一般将来时，故应用will come/be back。故选C。 14．They ________ England and they will be back next week. A．have gone to B．have been to C．have gone in D．has been on 【答案】A 【解析】句意：他们去了英国，下周将回来。 考查现在完成时。have gone to已经去了某地(还没有回来)；have been to已经去过某地(现在人已经回来了)；have gone in此短语不存在；has been on是表示动作的持续性。根据“they will be back next week”可知，他们还没有回来，选项A符合题意。故选A。 15．—Where is Mr. Green? —He ________ to London. He ________ there last week. A．has been; went B．has gone; has gone C．has gone; went 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——格林先生在哪里？——他去伦敦了。他上周去的那里。 考查现在完成时和一般过去时。have/has been to“去过某地”；have/has gone to“去某地了”。第一空，根据“Where is Mr. Green?”和“He…there last week.”可知，他去伦敦了还未回，且主语为“He”，用助动词用has；第二空根据“last week”可知，时态为一般过去时，用动词过去式。故选C。 一、完形填空 通读下面短文。掌握其大意，在各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出一个最佳选项。 There was magic in the secret garden that spring and summer. At first everything turned 1 . Then the green changed to colours-blue, purple and red. There were flowers everywhere. The air was full of their sweet 2 . Colin saw it all. He watched the 3 as they happened. Dickon pushed his wheelchair to the garden every 4 and he spent the day there. Sometimes he sat on the grass 5 the animals. He learnt a lot of things about these insects and animals. One morning the children were in the secret garden 6 . When Ben Weather staff arrived, Colin said, “Good morning, Ben. I want you, Dickon and Mary to listen to me because I’m going to tell you something very 7 .” “I am going to do a scientific experiment (实验),” he said 8 . “When I grow up, I’m going to make scientific discoveries (发现) about 9 and I’m going to start with this experiment. Do you understand?” Ben nodded, 10 he didn’t really understand. “I believe that there is magic (魔法) in 11 ,” Colin went on. “There is magic in the garden, too. I am going to try and put some in me because I want to be 12 and strong. I’m going to say, ‘Magic is in me!’ And you must say it, too. That is my experiment. Are you going to help, Ben?” “Yes, sir!” Ben replied, They 13 in a circle (圆圈). “Now let’s begin,” said Colin. And they all started chanting (吟唱). “Magic is in me. Magic is in me. Magic is in all of us.” Then Colin stood up and walked round the garden. He went in front with Dickon on one side and Mary on 14 . Ben walked behind. Colin walked a bit then rested. Then he walked again and rested again. At first he held Dickon’s arm then he walked a few steps alone. “I can walk! The magic 15 !” he cried. How amazing! They sang and jumped happily. 1．A．red B．purple C．green D．blue 2．A．smell B．taste C．sound D．feeling 3．A．sky B．chances C．changes D．moon 4．A．morning B．afternoon C．evening D．night 5．A．reading B．seeing C．looking D．watching 6．A．than before B．as well C．than usual D．as usual 7．A．usual B．important C．expensive D．funny 8．A．proudly B．kindly C．shyly D．politely 9．A．gardens B．something unusual C．birds D．animals 10．A．so B．that C．however D．though 11．A．something B．nothing C．nobody D．everything 12．A．well B．short C．good D．tall 13．A．fell off B．sat down C．fell down D．came down 14．A．another B．the others C．others D．the other 15．A．made B．managed C．felt D．worked 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．C 4．A 5．D 6．D 7．B 8．A 9．B 10．C 11．D 12．A 13．B 14．D 15．D 【解析】本文主要介绍了Colin不能走路，需要借助轮椅，一天他和小伙伴们在秘密花园里做了一个实验，然后证明了花园是有魔法的，治好了自己的腿。 1．句意：起初一切都变绿了。 red红色；purple紫色；green绿色；blue蓝色。根据“Then the green changed to colours-blue, purple and red.”可知，春天花园里面的颜色是绿色的。故选C。 2．句意：空气中充满了它们的甜甜的气味。 smell气味；taste味道；sound声音；feeling感觉。根据“There were flowers everywhere. The air was full of their sweet….”可知，此处是指花的气味。故选A。 3．句意：他目睹了这些变化的发生。 sky天空；chances机会；changes改变；moon月亮。根据“Colin saw it all.”可知，Colin看到了花园里颜色变化的全部过程。故选C。 4．句意：Dickon每天早上推着轮椅去花园，在那里度过一天。 morning早上；afternoon下午；evening晚上；night夜晚。根据“he spent the day there.”可知，Dickon是从早去的，一直待到晚上。故选A。 5．句意：有时他坐在草地上观察动物。 reading阅读；seeing看；looking面向；watching观看。根据“Sometimes he sat on the grass…the animals.”可知，此处是指长时间观察动物，应用动词watch。故选D。 6．句意：一天早上，孩子们像往常一样在秘密花园里。 than before比之前；as well也；than usual比平时；as usual照常。根据“One morning the children were in the secret garden….”可知，此处是指像往常一样在花园里。故选D。 7．句意：我希望你们，Dickon和Mary听我说，因为我要告诉你们一些非常重要的事情。 usual平常的；important重要的；expensive贵的；funny有趣的。根据“because I’m going to tell you something very….”及下文可知，此处是指重要的事情。故选B。 8．句意：他自豪地说。 proudly自豪地；kindly亲切地；shyly害羞地；politely有礼貌地。根据下文“When I grow up, I’m going to make scientific discoveries…”可知，他对自己的想法感到自豪 。故选A。 9．句意：当我长大后，我将对一些不寻常的事情做出科学发现，我将从这个实验开始。 gardens花园；something unusual一些不寻常的东西；birds鸟；animals动物。根据下文“There is magic in the garden, too.”可知，此处是指Colin要做关于魔法的实验，也就是不同寻常事物的发现。故选B。 10．句意：Ben点点头，但他并不太明白。 so因此；that那个；however然而；though虽然。根据“Ben nodded,…he didn’t really understand.”可知，前后为转折关系。故选C。 11．句意：我相信这里的万物皆有魔法。 something某事；nothing没有什么；nobody没有人；everything一切。根据下文“There is magic in the garden, too.”可知，Colin认为所有事物都有魔法。故选D。 12．句意：我会尝试给自己注入一些能量，因为我想要变得健康、强壮。 well健康的；short短的；good好的；tall高的。根据“I want to be…and strong.”及前文可知，Colin坐在轮椅上的，他希望自己变得健康起来。故选A。 13．句意：他们坐成一圈。 fell off掉下来了；sat down坐下来；fell down摔倒；came down下来。根据下文“Then Colin stood up and walked round the garden.”可知，他们是坐在一起，然后站起来的。故选B。 14．句意：他走在前面，Dickon在一侧，Mary在另一侧。 another（三个或以上的）另一个；the others其余的；others其他人；the other（两个中的）另一个。根据“He went in front with Dickon on one side and Mary on….”可知，此处是指一侧和另一侧，应用the other。故选D。 15．句意：魔法起作用了！ made制造；managed管理；felt感觉；worked工作。根据“I can walk! The magic…!”可知，最后Colin能走路了，魔法起作用了。故选D。 二、短文填空 短文缺词填空，每空一词. The last laugh Dee and her brother Thomas like to play tricks on each other in their d 1 life. They like to see who can have the last laugh. On last April Fool’s Day, Dee planned a s 2 joke. She got up early. She walked into her brother’s room, and Thomas was sleeping sweetly. Dee p 3 up Thomas’s clock, and she c 4 the time from seven o’clock to eight o’clock. She put the clock back down on the table very q 5 . Then she went back to the door and t 6 on the lights. “Time to get up,” she shouted. “You are late for school!” Thomas sat up in b 7 . He didn’t look surprised. In fact, he was smiling. Then he l 8 . “I know you would change the clock,” Thomas said. “I changed y 9 first. Do you know it’s only six o’clock?” Thomas went b 10 to sleep. He had the last laugh. 【答案】 1．(d)aily 2．(s)pecial 3．(p)icked 4．(c)hanged 5．(q)uietly 6．(t)urned 7．(b)ed 8．(l)aughed 9．(y)ours 10．(b)ack 【解析】本文是关于两兄弟之间互相恶作剧的故事。 1．句意：Dee和她的哥哥Thomas喜欢在日常生活中互相捉弄。根据“in their...life”和首字母提示可知指，这里指日常生活，daily意为“日常的”，故填(d)aily。 2．句意：Dee计划了一个特殊的玩笑。根据“planned a...joke”及首字母提示可知，这里指特殊的恶作剧，special意为“特殊的”，形容词作定语，故填(s)pecial。 3．句意：Dee拿起了Thomas的闹钟。根据“Dee...up Thomas’s clock”及首字母提示可知，这里指拿起闹钟，pick up意为“拿起”，该句为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式，故填(p)icked。 4．句意：她把时间从七点钟改到了八点钟。根据“from seven o’clock to eight o’clock”及首字母提示可知，是改变了时间，change意为“改变”，该句为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式，故填(c)hanged。 5．句意：她非常安静地把钟放回了桌子上。根据“put the clock back down on the table very...”及首字母提示可知，这里指静静地把钟放回了桌子上，副词quietly意为“安静地”，在句中修饰动词。故填(q)uietly。 6．句意：然后她回到门口，打开了灯。根据“‘Time to get up,’ she shouted.”及首字母提示可知，这里指打开灯，turn on表示“打开（电灯等）”，该句为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式，故填(t)urned。 7．句意：Thomas在床上坐了起来。根据“‘Time to get up,’ she shouted.”及首字母提示可知，这里指坐在床上，bed意为“床”，故填(b)ed。 8．句意：然后他大笑起来。根据“He didn’t look surprised. In fact, he was smiling.”及备选词可知，这里指笑了起来，该句为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式，故填(l)aughed。 9．句意：我先调了你的（钟）。根据“I changed...first”及首字母提示可知，这里指调了你的闹钟，所以用名词性物主代词yours，指代your clock，故填(y)ours。 10．句意：Thomas又回去睡觉了。根据“Do you know it’s only six o’clock?”及首字母提示可知，这里指回去睡觉，go back意为“回去”，故填(b)ack。 三、阅读表达 阅读下面短文，根据要求完成各题。 Susie Sunbeam was not her real name; that was Susan Brown. But everyone called her Susie Sunbeam because she always brought brightness when she came. Her grandfather first gave her this name, and it seemed to fit the little girl so nicely that soon it took the place of her own. Even when a baby,  Susie laughed from morning till night. No one ever heard her cry unless she was sick or hurt. When she learned to walk, she loved to get things for her mother, and in this way save her as many steps as she could. She would sit by her mother’s side for an hour at a time, and ask her so many questions, or she would take her new book and read. Susie was always pleasant in her play with other children. She never used an unkind word, but tried to do what she could to make her playmates happy. One day, a poor little girl with a very old dress was going by and Susie heard some children making fun of her. She at once ran out of the gate, and asked the poor little girl to come in. “What are you crying for?” Susie asked. “Because they all laugh at me,” she said. Then Susie took the little girl into the house. She cheered her up with kind words, and gave her a nice dress and a pair of shoes. This brought real joy and gladness to the poor child, and she, too, thought that Susie was rightly called Sunbeam. Answer the following questions with No More Than 8 Words. 1．Why did everyone call Susan Brown “Susie Sunbeam”? _________________________________________________ 2．Who first give the girl the name “Susie Sunbeam”? _________________________________________________ 3．What did Susie love to do when she learned to walk? _________________________________________________ 4．How long would Susie sit by her mother’s side at a time when she was young? _________________________________________________ 5．What did Susie gave the poor little girl? _________________________________________________ 【答案】1．Because she always brought brightness when she came 2．Her grandfather 3．She loved to get things for her mother 4．For an hour 5．A nice dress and a pair of shoes 【解析】短文大意：本文讲述了小女孩苏珊·布朗“阳光女孩”名字的来历和她的“阳光故事”。 1．题意：为什么每个人都叫苏珊·布朗“苏茜·阳光”?考查细节理解题。根据But everyone called her Susie Sunbeam because she always brought brightness when she came.，可知填Because she always brought brightness when she came。 2．题意：谁先给这个女孩起的名字叫“苏茜·阳光”?考查细节理解题。根据Her grandfather first gave her this name,，可知填Her grandfather。 3．题意：苏茜在学走路的时候喜欢做什么?考查细节理解题。根据When she learned to walk, she loved to get things for her mother，可知填She loved to get things for her mother。 4．题意：苏茜小时候会在她妈妈身边坐多久呢?考查细节理解题。根据She would sit by her mother’s side for an hour at a time,，可知填For an hour。 5．题意：苏茜给了那个可怜的小女孩什么?考查细节理解题。根据She cheered her up with kind words, and gave her a nice dress and a pair of shoes.，可知填A nice dress and a pair of shoes。 【点睛】阅读短文回答问题，需要考生根据文章的表层意思进行深层次的推理判断，组织语言回答问题。首先要粗读文章了解大意，其次通过细读，理解全文。在粗读的基础上，仔细阅读题后所给的题目，根据题目要求，再有重点地返回来仔细阅读。在阅读时要注意辨认和记忆具体事实，重要情节，事物的起因、过程、结果及发生的地点、时间等，这对题目的判断至关重要，需要考生综合所有的细节来理解把握。 1、 补全对话 根据对话内容，用恰当的单词、短语或句子补全对话。 A: Hey, Tony. Can you go to the cinema with me this afternoon? B: 1 . I have to take acting lessons. A: Take acting lessons? Do you want to be an actor? B: 2 , I am interested in acting. A: Oh, I see. When did you start to take acting lessons? B: I started to take acting lessons last month. A: 3 do you take acting lessons? B: I take acting lessons twice a week. What do you want to be when you grow up? A: 4 . B: A tennis player? That sounds good. Just try your best, and you can be successful. A: 5 . 【答案】1．Sorry, I can’t/I’m afraid not/I’m sorry I can’t 2．Yes 3．How often 4．I want to be a tennis player 5．Thank you/Thanks a lot 【解析】本文主要是A与B关于未来职业的一则讨论。 1．根据上文“Can you go to the cinema with me this afternoon?”及下文“I have to take acting lessons.”可知，空处表示不能去，故填Sorry, I can’t/I’m afraid not/I’m sorry I can’t。 2．根据上文“Do you want to be an actor?”及下文“I am interested in acting.”可知，空处应作肯定回答，故填Yes。 3．根据下文“I take acting lessons twice a week.”可知，空处应是询问频率，故填How often。 4．根据上文“What do you want to be when you grow up?”及下文“A tennis player?”可知，空处应是回答想成为网球运动员，故填I want to be a tennis player。 5．根据上文“Just try your best, and you can be successful.”可知，空处应是表示感谢，故填Thank you/Thanks a lot。 二、阅读表达 阅读下面的短文，然后根据文章内容简要回答第1至3小题。 Mr. Guo is a teacher from Xi'an. He asked his students to hand in their homework through a QR code(二维码). "We spent an hour or two in class learning how to create the codes, and in the end everything gets easier," said Guo, "When students finish the homework, they keep it in WeChat. Then, each student makes his own QR code and gives it to me. So I can check their work anywhere using my computer or telephone." The QR codes can be sent to Mr. Guo by email, QQ and WeChat. When Guo scans(扫描) his students' QR codes, their homework appears on his phone. He finds that their homework becomes more creative, with many pictures, music and even videos. Guo's students like the new way and think it is interesting. "We are living in the information age. Many students like to work with computers, which makes learning more fun." said Tingling, a student of Guo's. "The paper is not easy to keep, but the code is easy to keep and share." Guo said. However, some parents are worried. They are afraid that their children will spend too much time on computers. But in fact, it is unnecessary. Students only use the codes when they hand in their work, which doesn't take them too much time. Also for teachers, it allows them to check the student's work anywhere at anytime. And it is also an easy way to share homework with other students. 1．How can students send the QR codes to Mr. Guoy？ __________________________________________________________________________ 2．What are the advantages(优势)of the new way of handing in homework?(至少两点) __________________________________________________________________________ 3．Do you think it is useful to have the new way of handing in homework? Why or why not? __________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】1．By email, QQ and WeChat. 2．“For students, it makes learning more fun and the code is easy to keep and share; for teachers, it allows them to check the student's work anywhere at anytime. 3．Yes, I do. Because it is an easy way to share homework with classmates.或No, I don’t. Because students may spend too much time on computers. 【解析】本篇讲述郭老师用让学生利用二维码上交作业，许多学生喜欢使用电脑，这使学习更有趣。纸质作业不容易保存，但是二维码很容易保存、共享；这种方式让老师可以随时随地批改作业，但家长们担心孩子会把太多时间用在电脑上。 1．根据第二段“The QR codes can be sent to Mr. Guo by email, QQ and WeChat.”，可知“二维码可以通过电子邮件、QQ和微信发送给郭先生”，故答案为By email, QQ and WeChat. 2．根据第三段“Many students like to work with computers, which makes learning more fun.The paper is not easy to keep, but the code is easy to keep and share”，可知“许多学生喜欢使用电脑，这使学习更有趣。纸质作业不容易保存，但二维码很容易保存、共享”，第四段“for teachers, it allows them to check the student's work anywhere at anytime.”，可知“教师可以随时随地检查学生的作业”；故答案为“For students, it makes learning more fun and the code is easy to keep and share; for teachers, it allows them to check the student's work anywhere at anytime. 3．开放性的问题，可以根据文中的相应的观点作答。故答案为Yes, I do. Because it is an easy way to share homework with classmates.或No, I don’t. Because students may spend too much time on computers. 三、阅读理解 In every country, there are thousands of people who want to help out. Many join organizations run by their governments. For example, the Peace Corps in the United States and Voluntary Service Overseas in Britain. Since the powerful earthquake took place in Sichuan, more than 200 thousand volunteers across China have been helping there! They do all kinds of work or come up with ways to help improve life. Some offer their professional skills for free. Others have no qualifications (资历), but they love to work hard to help. One of the most famous volunteers in the world was Mother Teresa. She could be the best volunteer because she gave her life to helping the poorest people of Calcutta. She helped the homeless, cared for the sick, gave out food, and became the mother of those without families. Now more and more teenagers actively look for volunteering opportunities, too. They volunteer because they think it will be fun or they will learn something. They also like the idea of being helpful to others, even if it is just handing out books for the teacher. As they get older, these reasons are still the same, but there are other important reasons for volunteering such as learning on-the-job, getting work experience, and improving their social life. All volunteers bring joy to the people they help in so many ways. They might read books to the blind, fix up broken houses, and find ways to get water for villages. Could you be a volunteer? What kind of volunteer work could you do? There is someone in the world who needs you. 1．The Peace Corps in the United States is ________. A．a volunteer B．an organization C．a city D．a school 2．The underlined word “those” in paragraph 2 refers to ________. A．the homeless B．the sick C．the poor D．the kids 3．According to the passage, teenagers volunteer because ________. A．they want to make more friends B．it helps them get more chances C．it can improve their social life D．they want to be successful 4．The passage mainly tells us ________. A．the world needs volunteer B．Mother Teresa was a great volunteer C．volunteers do all kinds of work D．there are different ways of volunteering 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．A 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些重要的志愿组织，论述了志愿工作的重要性，呼吁我们参与志愿工作。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Many join organizations run by their governments. For example, the Peace Corps in the United States and Voluntary Service Overseas in Britain.”可知，许多人加入了政府管理的组织，例如，美国的和平队和英国的海外志愿服务，即美国的和平队是一个组织。故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据“She helped the homeless, cared for the sick, gave out food, and became the mother of those without families.”可知，她帮助无家可归的人，照顾病人，分发食物，成为那些失去家人的人的妈妈，通常给孤儿当妈妈，即成为那些没有家人的孩子的妈妈，此处代词those指代孩子，D选项“孩子们”与其意思相符。故选D。 3． 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“As they get older, these reasons are still the same, but there are other important reasons for volunteering such as learning on-the-job, getting work experience, and improving their social life.”可知，青少年做志愿服务是因为可以改善社会生活。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了一些重要的志愿组织，论述了志愿工作的重要性，呼吁我们参与志愿工作，即文章想告诉我们世界需要志愿者。故选A。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！34 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 寒假作业11 现在完成时的构成和用法 内容早知道 ☛第一层 巩固提升练（） 考点一 现在完成时的构成 考点二 现在完成时的用法 ☛第二层 能力培优练 ☛第三层 拓展突破练 现在完成时的构成 【知识积累·练前热身】 主语+have/has+过去分词+其他 动词的过去式及过去分词的构成； 变化情况 规则 / 不规则 例词 规则 变化 在动词原形后加-ed work→worked→worked, stay→stayed→stayed 以辅音字母+y结尾的动词,先将y变为i再加-ed carry→carried→carried, study→studied→studied 以不发音的字母e结尾的动词,直接加-d live→lived→lived,close→closed→closed 以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,双写该辅音字母后再加-ed stop→stopped→stopped, plan→planned→planned 不规则 变化 AAA型(即原形、过去式与过去分词三式同形) cut→cut→cut, put→put→put, let→let→let ABB型(即过去式与过去分词同形) think→thought→thought,teach→taught→taught ABC型(即原形、过去式与过去分词不同形) ABA型(即原形与过去分词同形) do→did→done, go→went→gone come→came→come,run→ran→run 1．I ________ the book yet. A．haven’t read B．hadn’t read C．don’t read D．am not reading 2．Have the school ________ the right person to attend the meeting yet? A．choose B．choosen C．chose D．chosen 3．The birthday cake was quickly ________ by the children. A．eat up B．ate up C．eating up D．eaten up 4．The water in this lake _______ by the factories around it. A．be polluted B．pollute C．was polluted D．being polluted 5．Mary ________ in bed with the doll Mum has ________ beside her. A．laid; lay B．lay; lain C．lay; laid D．laid; laid 6．Scientists have always ________ the question many times. A．asks B．asking C．asked D．ask 7．I have ________ lots of writing competitions already. A．entered B．enters C．entering D．to entered 8．—Here is my phone number, 8912232. —Oh, I’ve ________. A．wrote it down B．written it down C．wrote down them D．written them down 9．The Chinese climbers have ________ many valuable things on the mountain. A．discovery B．discovered C．discovering D．discovers 10．My father has already ________ the books. How great he is! A．write B．wrote C．written D．writes 11．— Would you like to see the movie with me tonight, Simon? — Sorry. I ________ it twice. A．see B．saw C．will see D．have seen 12．I have ________ your words so I don’t know what to do next. A．mixing up B．mixs up C．mixed up D．mixxed 13．I have already ________ many English books about England. A．readed B．reading C．read D．readded 14．My uncle has just ________ me to his house to have dinner. A．invited B．invites C．inviting D．invitation 15．My habits ________ a lot in the last few years. A．change B．changed C．has changed D．have changed 现在完成时的用法 【知识积累·练前热身】 现在完 成时 (1) 表示动作在说话之前已完成,对现在有影响 (2)表示动作开始于过去,持续到现在,并可能继续进行下去,常和for,since连用,表示持续的动作或状态,多用延续性动词 主语+have/has+过去分词 just, ever, yet,already, so far, in the past 5 years, for和since引导的时间状语 I have already finished my homework. 我已经完成了我的作业。 He has studied English for 5 years. 他学习英语已经五年了。 He has been to Beijing. 他去过北京。 They have been married for 30 years. 他们已经结婚三十年了。 1．—Excuse me, ________ you ever ________ a UFO? —Yes, I saw one in the sky while I ________ back home last month. A．did; see; was walking B．have; seen; walked C．have; seen; was walking 2．－________ you seen the movie Gone with the Wind? －No, never. A．Do B．Can C．Have D．Has 3．Nice to see you again. We ________ each other for a long time. A．won’t see B．don’t see C．didn’t see D．haven’t seen 4．—When ________ you ________ the novel back to me? —Sorry, I ________ it. How about Friday? A．did; give; didn’t finish B．do; return; don’t finish C．will; give; haven’t finished 5．—How long _________ you ________? —For three years. A．do；paint B．are；painting C．did；painted D．have；painted 6．—Do you like playing table tennis? —Yes. I like playing it very much and I________ the Table Tennis Club of our school for two years. A．have joined B．become a member of C．have entered D．have been in 7．—How long may I ________ your bike, Denial? —For two weeks. But you mustn’t ________ it to others, Amy. A．borrow; lend B．keep; lend C．keep; borrow D．lend; borrow 8．—Have you ________ been to France? —No, ________. A．ever; never B．never; ever C．ever; ever D．never; never 9．—________ you ever ________ to Chengdu Research Base? —No, never. But I plan to visit it this summer. A．Did; go B．Have; been C．Are; going 10．My grandmother ________ here for 10 years, so she knows well about her neighbourhood. A．lives B．has lived C．will live D．was living 11．How time flies! It has been ten years since I ________ him in Xuzhou. A．meet B．met C．have met D．will meet 12．She ________ in the pool since half an hour ago. A．is swimming B．swims C．has swum D．swam 13．—Lucy, where is your mom? —She ________ the supermarket. She ________ soon. A．has gone to; comes back B．has been to; will come back C．has gone to; will be back 14．They ________ England and they will be back next week. A．have gone to B．have been to C．have gone in D．has been on 15．—Where is Mr. Green? —He ________ to London. He ________ there last week. A．has been; went B．has gone; has gone C．has gone; went 一、完形填空 通读下面短文。掌握其大意，在各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出一个最佳选项。 There was magic in the secret garden that spring and summer. At first everything turned 1 . Then the green changed to colours-blue, purple and red. There were flowers everywhere. The air was full of their sweet 2 . Colin saw it all. He watched the 3 as they happened. Dickon pushed his wheelchair to the garden every 4 and he spent the day there. Sometimes he sat on the grass 5 the animals. He learnt a lot of things about these insects and animals. One morning the children were in the secret garden 6 . When Ben Weather staff arrived, Colin said, “Good morning, Ben. I want you, Dickon and Mary to listen to me because I’m going to tell you something very 7 .” “I am going to do a scientific experiment (实验),” he said 8 . “When I grow up, I’m going to make scientific discoveries (发现) about 9 and I’m going to start with this experiment. Do you understand?” Ben nodded, 10 he didn’t really understand. “I believe that there is magic (魔法) in 11 ,” Colin went on. “There is magic in the garden, too. I am going to try and put some in me because I want to be 12 and strong. I’m going to say, ‘Magic is in me!’ And you must say it, too. That is my experiment. Are you going to help, Ben?” “Yes, sir!” Ben replied, They 13 in a circle (圆圈). “Now let’s begin,” said Colin. And they all started chanting (吟唱). “Magic is in me. Magic is in me. Magic is in all of us.” Then Colin stood up and walked round the garden. He went in front with Dickon on one side and Mary on 14 . Ben walked behind. Colin walked a bit then rested. Then he walked again and rested again. At first he held Dickon’s arm then he walked a few steps alone. “I can walk! The magic 15 !” he cried. How amazing! They sang and jumped happily. 1．A．red B．purple C．green D．blue 2．A．smell B．taste C．sound D．feeling 3．A．sky B．chances C．changes D．moon 4．A．morning B．afternoon C．evening D．night 5．A．reading B．seeing C．looking D．watching 6．A．than before B．as well C．than usual D．as usual 7．A．usual B．important C．expensive D．funny 8．A．proudly B．kindly C．shyly D．politely 9．A．gardens B．something unusual C．birds D．animals 10．A．so B．that C．however D．though 11．A．something B．nothing C．nobody D．everything 12．A．well B．short C．good D．tall 13．A．fell off B．sat down C．fell down D．came down 14．A．another B．the others C．others D．the other 15．A．made B．managed C．felt D．worked 二、短文填空 短文缺词填空，每空一词. The last laugh Dee and her brother Thomas like to play tricks on each other in their d 1 life. They like to see who can have the last laugh. On last April Fool’s Day, Dee planned a s 2 joke. She got up early. She walked into her brother’s room, and Thomas was sleeping sweetly. Dee p 3 up Thomas’s clock, and she c 4 the time from seven o’clock to eight o’clock. She put the clock back down on the table very q 5 . Then she went back to the door and t 6 on the lights. “Time to get up,” she shouted. “You are late for school!” Thomas sat up in b 7 . He didn’t look surprised. In fact, he was smiling. Then he l 8 . “I know you would change the clock,” Thomas said. “I changed y 9 first. Do you know it’s only six o’clock?” Thomas went b 10 to sleep. He had the last laugh. 三、阅读表达 阅读下面短文，根据要求完成各题。 Susie Sunbeam was not her real name; that was Susan Brown. But everyone called her Susie Sunbeam because she always brought brightness when she came. Her grandfather first gave her this name, and it seemed to fit the little girl so nicely that soon it took the place of her own. Even when a baby,  Susie laughed from morning till night. No one ever heard her cry unless she was sick or hurt. When she learned to walk, she loved to get things for her mother, and in this way save her as many steps as she could. She would sit by her mother’s side for an hour at a time, and ask her so many questions, or she would take her new book and read. Susie was always pleasant in her play with other children. She never used an unkind word, but tried to do what she could to make her playmates happy. One day, a poor little girl with a very old dress was going by and Susie heard some children making fun of her. She at once ran out of the gate, and asked the poor little girl to come in. “What are you crying for?” Susie asked. “Because they all laugh at me,” she said. Then Susie took the little girl into the house. She cheered her up with kind words, and gave her a nice dress and a pair of shoes. This brought real joy and gladness to the poor child, and she, too, thought that Susie was rightly called Sunbeam. Answer the following questions with No More Than 8 Words. 1．Why did everyone call Susan Brown “Susie Sunbeam”? _________________________________________________ 2．Who first give the girl the name “Susie Sunbeam”? _________________________________________________ 3．What did Susie love to do when she learned to walk? _________________________________________________ 4．How long would Susie sit by her mother’s side at a time when she was young? _________________________________________________ 5．What did Susie gave the poor little girl? _________________________________________________ 1、 补全对话 根据对话内容，用恰当的单词、短语或句子补全对话。 A: Hey, Tony. Can you go to the cinema with me this afternoon? B: 1 . I have to take acting lessons. A: Take acting lessons? Do you want to be an actor? B: 2 , I am interested in acting. A: Oh, I see. When did you start to take acting lessons? B: I started to take acting lessons last month. A: 3 do you take acting lessons? B: I take acting lessons twice a week. What do you want to be when you grow up? A: 4 . B: A tennis player? That sounds good. Just try your best, and you can be successful. A: 5 . 二、阅读表达 阅读下面的短文，然后根据文章内容简要回答第1至3小题。 Mr. Guo is a teacher from Xi'an. He asked his students to hand in their homework through a QR code(二维码). "We spent an hour or two in class learning how to create the codes, and in the end everything gets easier," said Guo, "When students finish the homework, they keep it in WeChat. Then, each student makes his own QR code and gives it to me. So I can check their work anywhere using my computer or telephone." The QR codes can be sent to Mr. Guo by email, QQ and WeChat. When Guo scans(扫描) his students' QR codes, their homework appears on his phone. He finds that their homework becomes more creative, with many pictures, music and even videos. Guo's students like the new way and think it is interesting. "We are living in the information age. Many students like to work with computers, which makes learning more fun." said Tingling, a student of Guo's. "The paper is not easy to keep, but the code is easy to keep and share." Guo said. However, some parents are worried. They are afraid that their children will spend too much time on computers. But in fact, it is unnecessary. Students only use the codes when they hand in their work, which doesn't take them too much time. Also for teachers, it allows them to check the student's work anywhere at anytime. And it is also an easy way to share homework with other students. 1．How can students send the QR codes to Mr. Guoy？ __________________________________________________________________________ 2．What are the advantages(优势)of the new way of handing in homework?(至少两点) __________________________________________________________________________ 3．Do you think it is useful to have the new way of handing in homework? Why or why not? __________________________________________________________________________ 三、阅读理解 In every country, there are thousands of people who want to help out. Many join organizations run by their governments. For example, the Peace Corps in the United States and Voluntary Service Overseas in Britain. Since the powerful earthquake took place in Sichuan, more than 200 thousand volunteers across China have been helping there! They do all kinds of work or come up with ways to help improve life. Some offer their professional skills for free. Others have no qualifications (资历), but they love to work hard to help. One of the most famous volunteers in the world was Mother Teresa. She could be the best volunteer because she gave her life to helping the poorest people of Calcutta. She helped the homeless, cared for the sick, gave out food, and became the mother of those without families. Now more and more teenagers actively look for volunteering opportunities, too. They volunteer because they think it will be fun or they will learn something. They also like the idea of being helpful to others, even if it is just handing out books for the teacher. As they get older, these reasons are still the same, but there are other important reasons for volunteering such as learning on-the-job, getting work experience, and improving their social life. All volunteers bring joy to the people they help in so many ways. They might read books to the blind, fix up broken houses, and find ways to get water for villages. Could you be a volunteer? What kind of volunteer work could you do? There is someone in the world who needs you. 1．The Peace Corps in the United States is ________. A．a volunteer B．an organization C．a city D．a school 2．The underlined word “those” in paragraph 2 refers to ________. A．the homeless B．the sick C．the poor D．the kids 3．According to the passage, teenagers volunteer because ________. A．they want to make more friends B．it helps them get more chances C．it can improve their social life D．they want to be successful 4．The passage mainly tells us ________. A．the world needs volunteer B．Mother Teresa was a great volunteer C．volunteers do all kinds of work D．there are different ways of volunteering 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！34 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$