Unit 8 Grammar 课件 2024-2025学年牛津译林版英语八年级上册

Unit 8 Natural disasters Grammar Hello everyone! Today we are going to learn Unit 8 Grammar. Before the lesson, I’d like to share a song with you. Let’s listen to it! 1 Past continuous tense Learning aims Review Present continuous tense. 2.Master the forms and meaning of Past continuous tense. 3.Find out similarities and differences between Present continuous tense and Past continuous tense. Let’s make it clear. In this lesson, we’ll review present continuous tense. And then you’ll compare present continuous with past continuous and find out their similarities and differences. Last but not least, we’ll learn to use the tense correctly in sentences with when , while and as 3 Present continuous tense 现在进行时 我们此刻正在上英语课。 We are having an English lesson now. 我们这些天一直在学英语。 We are learning English these days. When to use Present Continuous Tense 1.现在正在进行的动作; 2. 现阶段正在进行或从事的动作。 Ok, now, let’s review the present continuous tense together. The two sentences are expressed in present continuous tense. So when we want to describe things that happen at the moment or actions that are on for a period of time, we will choose the present continuous tense. 4 Present continuous tense现在进行时 结构 动词形式 时间标记 我们此刻正在上英语课。 We are having an English lesson now. be(am/is/are)+v-ing listening/having/getting/lying 1.时间状语: now/ at the moment these days/ all the afternoon/ all the time at… o’clock/ It’s …. o’clock. 2.标志词: Look! Listen! 3.暗示语: Where is/are sb.? Hurry up!/ Be quiet! Now let’s have a close look at this sentence. I’m sure when you were learning this kind of tense, your teachers must have told you that you have to pay attention to the following three aspects. Structure, verb forms and time markers. The basic structure of the present continuous tense is in the form of be doing. Be stands for am is are and doing represents a special form of verbs. For regular ones, we add ing after the verb. While for words ending with a silent e, it will be replaced by ing directly. For words with accented closed syllables, we tend to double the last consonant and add ing after it. Besides that, for words ending with ie, ie should be changed into y and then add ing. And the most important feature and the key to deciding which tense we should use depends on the time markers. the above expressions indicates the present continuous tense. When you see these words and phrases in a sentence, be careful, maybe it’s time to use present continuous tense. 5 现在进行时的各类句式 1.肯定句:主语 +am / is / are + doing... 2.否定句:主语 + am / is /are not + doing... 3.一般疑问句:将am / is /are 移到主语前,即: Am / Is / Are +主语+ doing...? 肯定和否定回答: Yes, 主语+am / is / are. No. 主语+am not / isn’t / aren’t. 4. 特殊疑问句:疑问词 + am / is /are +主语 + doing …? Here is a conclusion of different sentence forms in present continuous tense. In Affirmative sentences, the sentence begins with the subject which is followed by is or are doing sth while in Negative sentences, is or are should be changed into is not isn’t or are not aren’t. For questions, we put is or are before the subject. But you may ask, we are learning past continuous today, why are we talking so much about the present? Maybe you’ll know the reason after doing the following exercises. 6 巩固练习 按要求转换句型: Millie is washing her clothes now. 1.否定句: Millie _ _ her clothes now. 2.一般疑问句: _ Millie _ her clothes now? 3.对划线部分提问: _ _Millie _ now? isn’t washing Is washing What is doing Translate the following sentences into English 1.天开始下雨时,我正在睡觉。 I was sleeping when it started to rain. 2.地震开始时,我正在睡觉。 I was sleeping when the earthquake started. 3. 人们都在四处逃窜,这时成块的玻璃和砖块正落 下 来。 People were running in all directions while pieces of glass and bricks were falling down. Past continuous tense 过去进行时 These are three sentences extracted from reading in this unit. Can you fill them out? Let’s see if you’ve got it right. So in these sentences, we find that verbs come in the form of was or were doing which looks similar to the structure of the present continuous tense. And this is the past continuous tense. 9 Similarities and differences between Present continuous tense and Past continuous tense 现在进行时和过去进行时的相同点和不同之处 我们此刻正在上英语课。 We are having an English lesson now. 昨天这个时间我们正在上英语课 We were having an English lesson this time yesterday . let’s have a look at these two sentences in present and past continuous tense. It’s easy to tell that they do share the same verb forms but with different be verbs and time markers. 10 Past continuous tense 结构 动词形式 时间标记 昨天这个时候我们正在上英语课。 We were having an English class this time yesterday. was/were+v-ing listening/having/getting/lying at that time, at that moment, at … o’clock yesterday/last … from … to … yesterday/last … when/while/as… Since the past continuous tense is about actions that happened in the past, its time markers are different from that in the present continuous tense. Usually, when we see at that time, at that moment or at certain o’clock yesterday/last night , it indicates the past continuous tense. And if the time is longer, we may find phrases like from certain time to certain time in the past or the adverbial clauses that begin with when/while and as. 11 When to use Past continuous tense? to describe what someone was doing at a particular point in time in the past 描述在过去某一特定时间某人在做什么 2. to describe parallel actions 描述过去两个动作同时进行。 at that time, at that moment, at … o’clock yesterday/last … from … to … yesterday/last … when/while/as… Ok, so when to use past continuous tense? Usually, there are three occasions. First, to describe what someone was doing at a particular point in time. In this occasion, phrases like at that time, at that moment, at … o’clock yesterday/last … are commonly used. The next two occasions are to describe parallel actions and to describe interrupted action in the past, in these cases, when,while and as are often used. Now let’s learn them in details. 12 过去某一时刻正在进行的动作 Sue was swimming at 10: 00. Sue was swimming from 9 to 10:30. In this picture, sue started swimming at 9 and finished swimming at 10:30. So we can say sue was swimming at 10 or sue was swimming from 9 to 10:30. That is the first occasion when past continuous tense is used to describe actions happened at a particular time in the past. 13 What was he doing at 4 p.m. yesterday? He was doing his homework. Let’s practice! What was he doing at 4 yesterday? A particular time in the past, right? So he was doing his homework. 14 过去进行时的各类句式 1.肯定句:主语 + was/ were + doing...... 2.否定句:主语 + was/were not + doing...... 3.一般疑问句:将 was/were 移到主语前, 即: Was / Were + 主语+ doing.....? 肯定和否定回答: Yes, 主语+was / were. No, 主语+wasn’t/ weren’t. 4. 特殊疑问句: 疑问词 + was/were +主语 + doing …? P97 A snowstorm hit sunshine Town. Mr Wu is asking the students about it. Complete their conversation with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. Mr Wu: What a terrible snowstorm! It started at about seven this morning. I_ (read) the newspaper then. What _you _(do), Simon? Simon: I _(have) breakfast. Mr Wu: What about you, Millie? Millie: I _(walk) to the bus stop. Sandy, I saw you and your parents standing on the side of the road. _you _ (wait) for a taxi? Sandy: Yes. My dad's car broke down because of the cold weather. He _(ring) someone to come and help when you saw us. was reading were doing was having was walking were waiting was ringing 当堂检测 单项选择题 ( )1. - Did you watch the football match yesterday? -Yes, I did. You know, my brother _ in the match. A. is playing B. was playing C. will play D.play ( )2.Jim _TV when his mother got home. A. will watch B. watches C. is watching D. was watching ( ) 3. - Why did the car hit the big tree? - Because the driver _ on the phone at that time. A. talk B. is talking C. was talking D. talked B D C ( ) 4.- Who broke the window ? -I _. A.did B.do C. broke D. had ( ) 5.- Why did you get wet yesterday afternoon? - It _ to rain at five. And at that time , we _ kites. A. was beginning; flew B. was starting ; flew C. began ; were flying D. began ; flew ( ) 6.- Didn’t you hear the rain ? -No, I didn’t. I _ when it started to rain. A. sleep B. is sleeping C. slept D. was sleeping A C D 按要求转换句型 1. I was washing clothes when the telephone rang. (对划线部分提问) _ _ you _ when the telephone rang? 2. Kitty was preparing the test those days last week. ( 变为否定句) Kitty _ _ the test those days last week. 3. I was helping my father clean his car at eight yesterday. (变为一般疑问句) _ _ helping _father clean his car at eight yesterday? 4. Millie washes her clothes at weekends. (用at ten yesterday替换at weekends改写句子) Millie _ _ her clothes at ten yesterday. What were doing wasn’t preparing Were you your was washing Homework 1. Master Past continuous tense. 2. Finish off the workbooks. 3.Preview Integrated skills. So that’s all for this lesson, remember to finish the homework attached to this lesson and see you next time! 21 $$