专题 J-913 Unit 13 We're trying to save the earth!-【易考点】初中英语九年级全册期末考试总复习 单元语言点&语法点提升练 （人教版）

专题 J-913 人教版九年级（全册） Unit 13 We're trying to save the earth! 复 习 要 点 预 告 考点 聚焦 短语归纳 重点句型 语法再现 提升专练 考点专练 集中突破 复习要点1. 短语归纳 ( 九年级（全） 期末复习 ) ( 6 ) 1. 环境保护相关 o play a part in：在… 中起作用 o take action：采取行动 o cut down：减少；削减 o turn off：关闭 o pay for：为… 付款 o add up：加起来 o use public transportation：使用公共交通 o recycle sth.：回收某物 o be full of：充满 o at the bottom of：在… 底部 2. 问题描述相关 o land pollution：土地污染 o air pollution：空气污染 o water pollution：水污染 o throw litter into：把垃圾扔进… o make a difference：有影响；起作用 3. 其他 o fill the air with：使空气中充满… o ride in cars：乘车出行 o use paper napkins：使用纸巾 o turn off the shower：关掉淋浴喷头 【考点检测】 （一）单选题 1. We should play a part ______ protecting the environment. A. on B. in C. at D. for 2. To reduce air pollution, we should ______ the use of cars. A. cut down B. cut off C. cut up D. cut out 3. Remember to ______ the lights when you leave the room. A. turn on B. turn off C. turn up D. turn down 4. We can help the environment by ______ paper. A. recycle B. recycled C. recycling D. to recycle 5. The river is full ______ rubbish. A. at B. with C. in D. of （二）填空题 1. She takes action ______ (protect) the animals.（用所给词的正确形式填空） 2. We should pay for ______ (pollute) we cause.（用所给词的正确形式填空） 3. They are trying to cut down air ______ (pollute).（用所给词的正确形式填空） 4. The factory is full ______ waste gas.（在空格处填入1个适当的词） 5. Let's add up these numbers ______ (quick).（用所给词的正确形式填空） 复习要点2. 重点句型 1. 表达环保行动与措施 o We should take action to protect the environment.（我们应该采取行动保护环境。） o Everyone can play a part in saving the earth.（每个人都可以在拯救地球中发挥作用。） o We can cut down air pollution by riding bicycles.（我们可以通过骑自行车减少空气污染。） 2. 描述环境问题与现状 o The air is badly polluted because of the factories.（由于工厂，空气被严重污染。） o There is too much rubbish in the river.（河里有太多垃圾。） o Land pollution has become a serious problem.（土地污染已经成为一个严重的问题。） 3. 呼吁环保意识与责任 o It's our duty to protect the environment.（保护环境是我们的责任。） o We must do something to make the earth a better place.（我们必须做点什么让地球变得更美好。） 【考点检测】 （一）单选题 1. —What should we do to protect the environment? — We should ______ the use of plastic bags. A. reduce B. increasing C. to reduce D. increased 2. The air is badly polluted. We must do something ______ it. A. cleaned B. clean C. cleaning D. to clean 3. It's our duty ______ the earth. A. protect B. to protect C. protecting D. protected 4. The river is dirty because people ______ litter into it. A. throw B. throws C. threw D. are throwing 5. Everyone can play a part in ______ the earth a better place. A. make B. makes C. making D. made （二）句型转换题 1. We should take action to save the earth.（对划线部分提问） __________ _____________we do to save the earth? 2. The air is polluted because of the cars.（对划线部分提问） __________ ________the air polluted? 3. We can make a difference by recycling.（改为同义句） We can___________ ________ __________ by recycling. 4. It's our duty to protect the environment.（改为一般疑问句） ________ _______our duty to protect the environment? 5. The river is full of rubbish.（改为否定句） The river _______full of rubbish. 复习要点3. 语法再现 1. 动词不定式作目的状语 o 用法：动词不定式在句中可作目的状语，用来表示行为的目的。例如：To get good grades, we need to study hard.（为了取得好成绩，我们需要努力学习。） o 与其他表示目的的结构的转换： o in order to/so as to + 动词原形：这两个结构也可以表示目的，与动词不定式作目的状语用法相似，但 so as to 不能用于句首。例如：He gets up early in order to/so as to catch the first bus.（他早起是为了赶上第一辆公共汽车。） o 目的状语从句：由 so that, in order that 等引导的从句也可以表示目的。例如：He studies hard so that he can get good grades.（他努力学习以便能取得好成绩。）当主从句主语一致时，目的状语从句可以转换为动词不定式作目的状语。例如：He studies hard in order that he can get good grades. → He studies hard to get good grades. 现在进行时的被动语态 构成：am/is/are + being + 过去分词。 用法：表示此时此刻某事正在被做，强调动作正在进行且主语是动作的承受者。例如：The bridge is being repaired now.（这座桥现在正在被修理。） 与一般现在时被动语态和一般过去时被动语态的区别： o 一般现在时被动语态（am/is/are + 过去分词）强调经常性、习惯性的动作或客观事实。例如：The classroom is cleaned every day.（教室每天都被打扫。） o 一般过去时被动语态（was/were + 过去分词）强调过去某个时间发生的被动动作。例如：The house was built last year.（这座房子是去年建造的。） 【考点检测】 （一）单选题 1. She goes to the library ______ books. A. to borrow B. borrow C. borrowing D. borrowed 2. The building ______ now. A. was built B. is built C. was being built D. is being built 3. The bridge ______ by the workers last year. A. is built B. was built C. builds D. built 4. They get up early ______ catch the first bus. A. in order that B. so that C. in order to D. so as to not 5. The classroom ______ every day. A. is cleaned B. cleans C. was cleaned D. cleaned （二）填空题 1. She studies hard ______ (get) good grades.（用所给词的正确形式填空） 2. The book ______ (write) by a famous writer.（用所给词的正确形式填空） 3. The machine ______ (repair) at the moment.（用所给词的正确形式填空） 4. They planted trees ______ (prevent) soil erosion.（用所给词的正确形式填空） 5. The song ______ (sing) by many people.（用所给词的正确形式填空） 【考点专练】 一、单项选择题 1. To improve our environment, we need to encourage people ______ more trees. A. plant B. to plant C. planted D. planting 2. The park ______ now. It will be open to the public next month. A. is being built B. was being built C. has been built D. is built 3. She turns off the lights ______ save electricity. A. in order that B. so that C. in order to D. because of 4. The air in the city is getting worse. We should do something ______ it. A. to improve B. improve C. improving D. improved 5. The new policy is aimed at ______ the environment. A. protect B. protecting C. protected D. to protect 二、填空题 1. The project ______ (carry out) by the government to improve the water quality.（用所给词的正确形式填空） 2. He wears a mask ______ (avoid) breathing in the polluted air.（用所给词的正确形式填空） 3. The waste ______ (sort) before it is recycled.（用所给词的正确形式填空） 4. They are collecting money ______ (help) the poor children.（用所给词的正确形式填空） 5. The old building ______ (pull down) next week.（用所给词的正确形式填空） 三、句子转换题 1. We plant trees to make the air clean.（改为同义句） We plant trees __________ _________the air can be made clean. 2. The factory is polluting the river.（改为现在进行时的被动语态） The river_______ ___________ __________ by the factory. 3. We should encourage people to use public transportation.（对划线部分提问） ____________ ______________we encourage people to do? 4. The students are cleaning the classroom to make it tidy.（改为复合句） The students are cleaning the classroom_______ __________ it can be made tidy. 5. It's important for us to protect the environment.（改为感叹句） _______ __________ _________ __________for us to protect the environment! 【集中突破】 一、语法选择 Have you ever heard of Utrecht? It is the fourth 1 city in the Netherlands. Recently, it 2 all the bus stops rooftops (顶部) with plants. Now 316 bus stops have a green roof and bees love it. The new green rooftops not only make bus stops look great, 3 also help to store rainwater and provide cooling in the summertime. “A green roof is good for a healthy and livable city. It 4 better deal with global warming,” the city government said. But that’s not the main reason behind 5 change. The government hopes that these new grassy rooftops 6 and encourage bee pollination (授粉). It’s reported that 358 kinds of bees live in the Netherlands. Sadly, more than half of 7 are in danger. The government noticed the problem and took it 8 . Finally, it came up with this clever idea, turning a bus stop into a safe and peaceful place to save bees 9 dying out. Besides, the government gives people money to encourage them 10 their own roofs into green roofs. 1．A．large B．larger C．largest 2．A．covered B．is covered C．was covered 3．A．and B．but C．so 4．A．must B．can C．should 5．A．a B．an C．the 6．A．support B．will support C．have supported 7．A．they B．them C．their 8．A．serious B．seriousness C．seriously 9．A．at B．for C．from 10．A．turn B．to turn C．turning 二、完形填空 It’s March 12th. Li Li and Lin Tao are digging on a hill not far from their school. In China, people across the country plant trees 11 on this day. The idea of planting trees was first put forward in 1911 by Sun Zhongshan, a great 12 in Chinese history. He said we need more trees to 13 against flood and drought (干旱). In 1915, April 5th was named Tree Planting Day. Then in 1979, the day was 14 to March 12th. Because people wanted to 15 the date on which Sun Zhongshan died. The Gobi Desert in the north of China was 16 every year. So in 1978, the government started a tree planting project to 17 the Gobi spreading (蔓延). The government and local farmers have been planting millions of trees to build a great green “wall” along the edge of the desert. “Have you 18 the Green Wall of China? That’s the biggest tree planting project of all,” says Li Li. “Tree planting has become a tradition in China now,” says Lin Tao. “Almost everyone does it on March 12th. Many people also plant a tree on a 19 day. My parents planted a tree when I started school. And my cousin 20 one on his wedding day. We do it for the environment and for ourselves.” 11．A．silently B．simply C．slowly D．actively 12．A．doctor B．soldier C．pioneer D．musician 13．A．present B．produce C．provide D．protect 14．A．taken B．decided C．changed D．given 15．A．value B．remember C．express D．admire 16．A．growing B．appearing C．losing D．happening 17．A．stop B．have C．help D．keep 18．A．listened to B．heard from C．heard of D．looked up 19．A．different B．special C．following D．simple 20．A．planted B．bought C．borrowed D．caught 三、阅读理解 After 10 years of difficult talks, nearly 200 countries agreed to a new United Nations (UN) agreement to protect the world’s oceans. The agreement has been the first of its kind in 40 years. It plans to protect 30% of the open oceans by 2030. Oceans cover about 71% of the Earth’s surface and are home to hundreds of thousands of different kinds of animals and plants. Healthy oceans are a very important part of a healthy planet. But the oceans are in trouble. Overfishing (捕捞过度) has had a terrible effect on many kinds of fish and other animals. Pollution from ships and other places has caused serious problems. In 1982, an agreement described the “high seas (公海)”, but it did not protect them. In these areas, all countries have the right to fish, send ships, and do research. The high seas cover about two-thirds of the ocean. But now people only protect 1. 2% of the areas. Last December, over 110 countries agreed to protect 30% of their land and ocean areas by 2030. Without an international agreement, there was no way to make this goal meaningful for the whole ocean. The new agreement now makes this feasible. The new agreement tries to turn 30% of the high seas into protected areas by 2030. It also says that activities planned for the high seas must first be examined to see what kind of influences they might have on the ocean environment. Businesses in some countries hope to make a lot of money by getting valuable things from the bottom of the sea. Other businesses hope to find plants or animals in the ocean that could lead to new discoveries and new medicines. Many of the disagreements were about how valuable things would be shared between rich countries and poor ones. Poor countries wanted to make sure that the valuable things would help everyone, not just people in rich countries. 21．How many countries agreed to a new United Nations (UN) agreement to protect the world’s oceans? A．Nearly 20 countries. B．Very few countries. C．Most countries in the world. D．Just a few countries. 22．What does Paragraph 2 mainly show us? A．The problems oceans face. B．Some ways to protect oceans. C．Different kinds of ocean creatures. D．People’s different ideas about oceans. 23．What does the underlined word “feasible” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Awful. B．Painful. C．Possible. D．Dangerous. 24．What can we know from the passage? A．The new agreement only tries to protect fish. B．All countries will stop fishing in the high seas. C．Valuable things from the oceans will go to rich countries. D．Many countries have paid attention to protecting the oceans. 25．What’s the passage mainly about? A．The importance of healthy oceans. B．Overfishing and pollution in the oceans. C．A new agreement to protect the open oceans. D．Disagreements between rich and poor countries. 下面的材料A-F是对一些俱乐部的介绍，请根据下面各题中人物的情况，帮他们选出最适合他们的俱乐部，并将其标号填入题前括号内。 26 Ben lives in the countryside and wants to help wildlife in his area. He is glad to share his experience in caring for different animal species with others. 27 Sam lives in a harbor (港口) town and he wants to do something to reduce the pollution in his area. He wonders how the pollution influences sea life. 28 Hannah only has free time at the weekend. She wants to meet other people who are interested in making things out of materials that are recycled. 29 Frank has great computer skills. He wants to share information to let people know which animals are in danger and ways to help them. 30 Joe lives in a city. He wants to learn how to grow food in a city garden project. He is only free on Sundays. A．SafeZoneWe provide a safe place for homeless animals that have been badly hurt. Our experts care for them until they’re healthy enough and find owners for them. Our team wants someone who can look after the poor animals. B．Band Together In the middle of the city, the members of our club meet every Sunday afternoon. Come discuss monthly topics such as vehicles (车辆) and how they influence nature. C． Nature First Come and get some fresh air and meet people of all ages who care about the environment in our beach project. We collect plastic to be recycled in a coastal area near you. Learn how waste in our oceans harms sea life and what you can do about it. D．Green Time Come and learn about all the different species (物种) that live in our local fields and woods. And if you’ve got any experience in looking after animals, let us know! We’re looking for volunteers who can offer advice at our weekly meetings. E. Listen Up You can join in our weekly meetings on our award-winning website, where you can chat with young people who care about the environment. Our members really want to make people aware of the things everyone should do to save and protect animals all over the Earth. F. Genius Don’t put your bottles, newspapers and tin cans in recycling bins. Just bring them to any Saturday-morning meeting, where our environmental artist shows you how to make art out of rubbish! 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$专题 J-913 人教版九年级（全册） Unit 13 We're trying to save the earth! 复 习 要 点 预 告 考点 聚焦 短语归纳 重点句型 语法再现 提升专练 考点专练 集中突破 复习要点1. 短语归纳 ( 九年级（全） 期末复习 ) ( 14 ) 1. 环境保护相关 o play a part in：在… 中起作用 o take action：采取行动 o cut down：减少；削减 o turn off：关闭 o pay for：为… 付款 o add up：加起来 o use public transportation：使用公共交通 o recycle sth.：回收某物 o be full of：充满 o at the bottom of：在… 底部 2. 问题描述相关 o land pollution：土地污染 o air pollution：空气污染 o water pollution：水污染 o throw litter into：把垃圾扔进… o make a difference：有影响；起作用 3. 其他 o fill the air with：使空气中充满… o ride in cars：乘车出行 o use paper napkins：使用纸巾 o turn off the shower：关掉淋浴喷头 【考点检测】 （一）单选题 1. We should play a part ______ protecting the environment. A. on B. in C. at D. for 答案：B 解析：“play a part in” 表示 “在… 中起作用”，所以选 B。 2. To reduce air pollution, we should ______ the use of cars. A. cut down B. cut off C. cut up D. cut out 答案：A 解析：“cut down” 表示 “减少；削减”，这里表示减少汽车的使用，所以选 A。 3. Remember to ______ the lights when you leave the room. A. turn on B. turn off C. turn up D. turn down 答案：B 解析：“turn off” 表示 “关闭”，这里表示离开房间时关灯，所以选 B。 4. We can help the environment by ______ paper. A. recycle B. recycled C. recycling D. to recycle 答案：C 解析：“by” 是介词，后接动词 -ing 形式，所以选 C。 5. The river is full ______ rubbish. A. at B. with C. in D. of 答案：D 解析：“be full of” 表示 “充满”，所以选D。 （二）填空题 1. She takes action ______ (protect) the animals.（用所给词的正确形式填空） 答案：to protect 解析：“take action to do sth.” 表示 “采取行动做某事”，所以填 “to protect”。 2. We should pay for ______ (pollute) we cause.（用所给词的正确形式填空） 答案：pollution 解析：“pay for” 后接名词，“pollute” 的名词形式是 “pollution”，所以填 “pollution”。 3. They are trying to cut down air ______ (pollute).（用所给词的正确形式填空） 答案：pollution 解析：“air pollution” 表示 “空气污染”，所以填 “pollution”。 4. The factory is full ______ waste gas.（在空格处填入1个适当的词） 答案：of 解析：“be full of” 表示 “充满”，所以填 “of”。 5. Let's add up these numbers ______ (quick).（用所给词的正确形式填空） 答案：quickly 解析：“add up” 是动词短语，用副词 “quickly” 修饰，所以填 “quickly”。 复习要点2. 重点句型 1. 表达环保行动与措施 o We should take action to protect the environment.（我们应该采取行动保护环境。） o Everyone can play a part in saving the earth.（每个人都可以在拯救地球中发挥作用。） o We can cut down air pollution by riding bicycles.（我们可以通过骑自行车减少空气污染。） 2. 描述环境问题与现状 o The air is badly polluted because of the factories.（由于工厂，空气被严重污染。） o There is too much rubbish in the river.（河里有太多垃圾。） o Land pollution has become a serious problem.（土地污染已经成为一个严重的问题。） 3. 呼吁环保意识与责任 o It's our duty to protect the environment.（保护环境是我们的责任。） o We must do something to make the earth a better place.（我们必须做点什么让地球变得更美好。） 【考点检测】 （一）单选题 1. —What should we do to protect the environment? — We should ______ the use of plastic bags. A. reduce B. increasing C. to reduce D. increased 答案：A 解析：“should” 后接动词原形，“reduce” 表示 “减少”，符合语境，所以选 A。 2. The air is badly polluted. We must do something ______ it. A. cleaned B. clean C. cleaning D. to clean 答案：D 解析：“do something to do sth.” 表示 “做某事来做某事”，这里用动词不定式作目的状语，所以选 D。 3. It's our duty ______ the earth. A. protect B. to protect C. protecting D. protected 答案：B 解析：“It's one's duty to do sth.” 表示 “做某事是某人的责任”，所以选 B。 4. The river is dirty because people ______ litter into it. A. throw B. throws C. threw D. are throwing 答案：A 解析：从句描述的是一般情况，用一般现在时，“people” 是复数，动词用原形，所以选 A。 5. Everyone can play a part in ______ the earth a better place. A. make B. makes C. making D. made 答案：C 解析：“play a part in doing sth.” 表示 “在做某事中起作用”，所以选 C。 （二）句型转换题 1. We should take action to save the earth.（对划线部分提问） __________ _____________we do to save the earth? 答案：What should 解析：对 “take action” 提问，用 “What”，原句 “should” 提前，“take action” 用 “do” 代替，所以填 “What should”。 2. The air is polluted because of the cars.（对划线部分提问） __________ ________the air polluted? 答案：Why is 解析：对原因 “because of the cars” 提问，用 “Why”，原句 “is” 提前，所以填 “Why is”。 3. We can make a difference by recycling.（改为同义句） We can___________ ________ __________ by recycling. 答案：have an impact 解析：“make a difference” 等同于 “have an impact”，表示 “有影响；起作用”，所以填 “have an impact”。 4. It's our duty to protect the environment.（改为一般疑问句） ________ _______our duty to protect the environment? 答案：Is it 解析：一般疑问句将 “Is” 提前，所以填 “Is it”。 5. The river is full of rubbish.（改为否定句） The river _______full of rubbish. 答案：isn't 解析：否定句在 “is” 后加 “not”，缩写为 “isn't”，所以填 “isn't”。 复习要点3. 语法再现 1. 动词不定式作目的状语 o 用法：动词不定式在句中可作目的状语，用来表示行为的目的。例如：To get good grades, we need to study hard.（为了取得好成绩，我们需要努力学习。） o 与其他表示目的的结构的转换： o in order to/so as to + 动词原形：这两个结构也可以表示目的，与动词不定式作目的状语用法相似，但 so as to 不能用于句首。例如：He gets up early in order to/so as to catch the first bus.（他早起是为了赶上第一辆公共汽车。） o 目的状语从句：由 so that, in order that 等引导的从句也可以表示目的。例如：He studies hard so that he can get good grades.（他努力学习以便能取得好成绩。）当主从句主语一致时，目的状语从句可以转换为动词不定式作目的状语。例如：He studies hard in order that he can get good grades. → He studies hard to get good grades. 现在进行时的被动语态 构成：am/is/are + being + 过去分词。 用法：表示此时此刻某事正在被做，强调动作正在进行且主语是动作的承受者。例如：The bridge is being repaired now.（这座桥现在正在被修理。） 与一般现在时被动语态和一般过去时被动语态的区别： o 一般现在时被动语态（am/is/are + 过去分词）强调经常性、习惯性的动作或客观事实。例如：The classroom is cleaned every day.（教室每天都被打扫。） o 一般过去时被动语态（was/were + 过去分词）强调过去某个时间发生的被动动作。例如：The house was built last year.（这座房子是去年建造的。） 【考点检测】 （一）单选题 1. She goes to the library ______ books. A. to borrow B. borrow C. borrowing D. borrowed 答案：A 解析：“to borrow books” 是动词不定式作目的状语，表示去图书馆的目的是借书，所以选 A。 2. The building ______ now. A. was built B. is built C. was being built D. is being built 答案：D 解析：“now” 表示现在进行时，“building” 是动作的承受者，用现在进行时的被动语态，所以选 D。 3. The bridge ______ by the workers last year. A. is built B. was built C. builds D. built 答案：B 解析：“last year” 表示过去时间，“bridge” 是动作的承受者，用一般过去时的被动语态，所以选 B。 4. They get up early ______ catch the first bus. A. in order that B. so that C. in order to D. so as to not 答案：C 解析：“in order to” 表示目的，后接动词原形，“catch the first bus” 是目的，所以选 C。“so as to” 也可以表示目的，但否定形式是 “so as not to”，D 选项错误；A 和 B 选项后接从句。 5. The classroom ______ every day. A. is cleaned B. cleans C. was cleaned D. cleaned 答案：A 解析：“every day” 表示一般现在时，“classroom” 是动作的承受者，用一般现在时的被动语态，所以选 A。 （二）填空题 1. She studies hard ______ (get) good grades.（用所给词的正确形式填空） 答案：to get 解析：“to get good grades” 是动词不定式作目的状语，表示努力学习的目的是取得好成绩，所以填 “to get”。 2. The book ______ (write) by a famous writer.（用所给词的正确形式填空） 答案：is written 解析：“book” 是动作的承受者，用被动语态，这里表示一般情况，用一般现在时的被动语态，“write” 的过去分词是 “written”，所以填 “is written”。 3. The machine ______ (repair) at the moment.（用所给词的正确形式填空） 答案：is being repaired 解析：“at the moment” 表示现在进行时，“machine” 是动作的承受者，用现在进行时的被动语态，“repair” 的过去分词是 “repaired”，所以填 “is being repaired”。 4. They planted trees ______ (prevent) soil erosion.（用所给词的正确形式填空） 答案：to prevent 解析：“to prevent soil erosion” 是动词不定式作目的状语，表示种树的目的是防止水土流失，所以填 “to prevent”。 5. The song ______ (sing) by many people.（用所给词的正确形式填空） 答案：is sung 解析：“song” 是动作的承受者，用被动语态，这里表示一般情况，用一般现在时的被动语态，“sing” 的过去分词是 “sung”，所以填 “is sung”。 【考点专练】 一、单项选择题 1. To improve our environment, we need to encourage people ______ more trees. A. plant B. to plant C. planted D. planting 答案：B 解析：“encourage sb. to do sth.” 表示 “鼓励某人做某事”，所以选 B。 2. The park ______ now. It will be open to the public next month. A. is being built B. was being built C. has been built D. is built 答案：A 解析：“now” 表示现在进行时，“park” 是动作的承受者，用现在进行时的被动语态，所以选 A。 3. She turns off the lights ______ save electricity. A. in order that B. so that C. in order to D. because of 答案：C 解析：“in order to” 表示目的，后接动词原形，“save electricity” 是目的，所以选 C。“in order that” 和 “so that” 后接从句；“because of” 表示原因，后接名词或名词短语。 4. The air in the city is getting worse. We should do something ______ it. A. to improve B. improve C. improving D. improved 答案：A 解析：“do something to do sth.” 表示 “做某事来做某事”，这里用动词不定式作目的状语，所以选 A。 5. The new policy is aimed at ______ the environment. A. protect B. protecting C. protected D. to protect 答案：B 解析：“aim at doing sth.” 表示 “旨在做某事”，所以选 B。 二、填空题 1. The project ______ (carry out) by the government to improve the water quality.（用所给词的正确形式填空） 答案：is being carried out 解析：“project” 是动作的承受者，“to improve the water quality” 表示目的，说明项目正在被实施，用现在进行时的被动语态，“carry out” 的过去分词是 “carried out”，所以填 “is being carried out”。 2. He wears a mask ______ (avoid) breathing in the polluted air.（用所给词的正确形式填空） 答案：to avoid 解析：“to avoid breathing in the polluted air” 是动词不定式作目的状语，表示戴口罩的目的是避免吸入污染的空气，所以填 “to avoid”。 3. The waste ______ (sort) before it is recycled.（用所给词的正确形式填空） 答案：is sorted 解析：“waste” 是动作的承受者，用被动语态，这里表示一般情况，用一般现在时的被动语态，“sort” 的过去分词是 “sorted”，所以填 “is sorted”。 4. They are collecting money ______ (help) the poor children.（用所给词的正确形式填空） 答案：to help 解析：“to help the poor children” 是动词不定式作目的状语，表示筹集资金的目的是帮助贫困儿童，所以填 “to help”。 5. The old building ______ (pull down) next week.（用所给词的正确形式填空） 答案：will be pulled down 解析：“next week” 表示将来时间，“old building” 是动作的承受者，用一般将来时的被动语态，“pull down” 的过去分词是 “pulled down”，所以填 “will be pulled down”。 三、句子转换题 1. We plant trees to make the air clean.（改为同义句） We plant trees __________ _________the air can be made clean. 答案：so that 解析：原句 “to make the air clean” 是动词不定式作目的状语，可转换为 “so that” 引导的目的状语从句，从句中 “air” 是动作的承受者，用被动语态，所以填 “so that”。 2. The factory is polluting the river.（改为现在进行时的被动语态） The river_______ ___________ __________ by the factory. 答案：is being polluted 解析：现在进行时的被动语态结构为 “am/is/are + being + 过去分词”，原句 “is polluting” 变为 “is being polluted”，“river” 是动作的承受者，“factory” 是动作的执行者，用 “by” 引出，所以填 “is being polluted”。 3. We should encourage people to use public transportation.（对划线部分提问） ____________ ______________we encourage people to do? 答案：What should 解析：对 “use public transportation” 提问，用 “What”，原句 “should” 提前，“encourage people to” 不变，所以填 “What should”。 4. The students are cleaning the classroom to make it tidy.（改为复合句） The students are cleaning the classroom_______ __________ it can be made tidy. 答案：so that 解析：原句 “to make it tidy” 是动词不定式作目的状语，可转换为 “so that” 引导的目的状语从句，从句中 “it” 指代 “classroom”，是动作的承受者，用被动语态，所以填 “so that”。 5. It's important for us to protect the environment.（改为感叹句） _______ __________ _________ __________for us to protect the environment! 答案：How important it is 解析：感叹句 “How + 形容词 + 主语 + 谓语！”，这里 “important” 是形容词，“it” 是形式主语，“to protect the environment” 是真正的主语，所以填 “How important it is”。 【集中突破】 一、语法选择 Have you ever heard of Utrecht? It is the fourth 1 city in the Netherlands. Recently, it 2 all the bus stops rooftops (顶部) with plants. Now 316 bus stops have a green roof and bees love it. The new green rooftops not only make bus stops look great, 3 also help to store rainwater and provide cooling in the summertime. “A green roof is good for a healthy and livable city. It 4 better deal with global warming,” the city government said. But that’s not the main reason behind 5 change. The government hopes that these new grassy rooftops 6 and encourage bee pollination (授粉). It’s reported that 358 kinds of bees live in the Netherlands. Sadly, more than half of 7 are in danger. The government noticed the problem and took it 8 . Finally, it came up with this clever idea, turning a bus stop into a safe and peaceful place to save bees 9 dying out. Besides, the government gives people money to encourage them 10 their own roofs into green roofs. 1．A．large B．larger C．largest 2．A．covered B．is covered C．was covered 3．A．and B．but C．so 4．A．must B．can C．should 5．A．a B．an C．the 6．A．support B．will support C．have supported 7．A．they B．them C．their 8．A．serious B．seriousness C．seriously 9．A．at B．for C．from 10．A．turn B．to turn C．turning 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．B 4．B 5．C 6．B 7．B 8．C 9．C 10．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了乌特勒支用植物覆盖了所有公交车站的屋顶，这有助于储存雨水，并在夏季提供冷却，而且政府希望这些新的长满草的屋顶能支持和鼓励蜜蜂授粉。 1．句意：它是荷兰第四大城市。 large大的，原级；larger更大的，比较级；largest最大的，最高级。根据“the fourth...city in the Netherlands”可知是荷兰第四大城市，应用形容词最高级形式。故选C。 2．句意：最近，它用植物覆盖了所有公交车站的屋顶。 covered覆盖，动词过去式；is covered一般现在时的被动语态；was covered一般过去时的被动语态。此处主语it和谓语cover之间是主动关系，根据“Recently”可知句子用一般过去时。故选A。 3．句意：新的绿色屋顶不仅使公交车站看起来很棒，而且有助于储存雨水，并在夏季提供冷却。 and和；but但是；so所以。not only...but also“不但……而且”，固定搭配。故选B。 4．句意：它可以更好地应对全球变暖。 must必须；can可以；should应该。根据“better deal with global warming”可知是指可以更好地应对全球变暖。故选B。 5．句意：但这并不是变化背后的主要原因。 a不定冠词，表泛指，修饰以辅音音素开头的单词；an不定冠词，表泛指，修饰以元音音素开头的单词；the定冠词，表特指。此处特指前文提到的变化，应用定冠词the。故选C。 6．句意：政府希望这些新的长满草的屋顶能支持和鼓励蜜蜂授粉。 support支持，动词原形；will support一般将来时；have supported现在完成时。根据“The government hopes that these new grassy rooftops...”可知动作还未发生，应用一般将来时。故选B。 7．句意：不幸的是，它们中有一半以上处于危险之中。 they他们，主格；them他们，宾格；their他们的，形容词性物主代词。此处作介词of的宾语用代词宾格。故选B。 8．句意：政府注意到了这个问题，并认真对待。 serious严肃的，形容词；seriousness严肃，名词；seriously严肃地，副词。take sth. seriously“认真对待”，固定搭配。故选C。 9．句意：最后，它想出了一个聪明的主意，把一个公共汽车站变成一个安全和平的地方，拯救蜜蜂免于灭绝。 at在；for为了；from从。save sb. from  sth.“拯救某人于某事之中”，固定搭配。故选C。 10．句意：此外，政府给人们钱鼓励他们把自己的屋顶变成绿色屋顶。 turn转动，动词原形；to turn动词不定式；turning动名词。encourage sb. to do sth.“鼓励某人做某事”，应用动词不定式。故选B。 二、完形填空 It’s March 12th. Li Li and Lin Tao are digging on a hill not far from their school. In China, people across the country plant trees 11 on this day. The idea of planting trees was first put forward in 1911 by Sun Zhongshan, a great 12 in Chinese history. He said we need more trees to 13 against flood and drought (干旱). In 1915, April 5th was named Tree Planting Day. Then in 1979, the day was 14 to March 12th. Because people wanted to 15 the date on which Sun Zhongshan died. The Gobi Desert in the north of China was 16 every year. So in 1978, the government started a tree planting project to 17 the Gobi spreading (蔓延). The government and local farmers have been planting millions of trees to build a great green “wall” along the edge of the desert. “Have you 18 the Green Wall of China? That’s the biggest tree planting project of all,” says Li Li. “Tree planting has become a tradition in China now,” says Lin Tao. “Almost everyone does it on March 12th. Many people also plant a tree on a 19 day. My parents planted a tree when I started school. And my cousin 20 one on his wedding day. We do it for the environment and for ourselves.” 11．A．silently B．simply C．slowly D．actively 12．A．doctor B．soldier C．pioneer D．musician 13．A．present B．produce C．provide D．protect 14．A．taken B．decided C．changed D．given 15．A．value B．remember C．express D．admire 16．A．growing B．appearing C．losing D．happening 17．A．stop B．have C．help D．keep 18．A．listened to B．heard from C．heard of D．looked up 19．A．different B．special C．following D．simple 20．A．planted B．bought C．borrowed D．caught 【答案】 11．D 12．C 13．D 14．C 15．B 16．A 17．A 18．C 19．B 20．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国植树节的来历及中国为阻止荒漠化所做的努力。 11．句意：在中国，全国各地的人们都在这一天积极植树。 silently安静地；simply简单地；slowly缓慢地；actively积极地。根据上文“It’s March 12th”可知，每年的植树节全国各地的人们都会积极地植树。故选D。 12．句意：植树的思想最早是由中国历史上伟大的先驱孙中山于1911年提出的。 doctor医生；soldier士兵；pioneer先驱；musician音乐家。根据上文“Sun Zhongshan”可知，孙中山是中国革命先驱，故选C。 13．句意：他说我们需要更多的树来防洪抗旱。 present出现；produce生产；provide提供；protect保护。根据下文“flood and drought (干旱)”可知，此处指的是需要更多的树来防洪抗旱。protect against意为“防止”，符合句意，故选D。 14．句意：1915年4月5日被命名为植树节。在1979年，这一天被改为3月12日。 taken拿走；decided决定；changed改变；given给。根据上文“In 1915, April 5th was named Tree Planting Day”可知，原来植树节是4月5日，后来被改为3月12日。故选C。 15．句意：1979年，这一天被改为3月12日。因为人们想记住孙中山的忌日。 value重视；remember记住；express表达；admire欣赏。根据上文“Then in 1979, the day was changed to March 12th”可知，原来植树节是4月5日，后来被改为3月12日，这么做是为了记住孙中山的忌日。故选B。 16．句意：中国北部的戈壁沙漠面积每年都在增长。 growing增长；appearing出现；losing失去；happening发现。根据下文“So in 1978, the government started a tree planting project to stop the Gobi spreading (蔓延)”可知，政府启动了一项植树工程，以阻止戈壁蔓延，故此处说的是中国北部的戈壁沙漠面积每年都在增长。故选A。 17．句意：因此，在1978年，政府开始了一项植树工程，以阻止戈壁蔓延。 stop阻止；have有；help帮助；keep保持。根据上文“The Gobi Desert in the north of China was growing every year”可知，中国北部的戈壁沙漠面积每年都在增长，政府开始了一项植树工程，以阻止戈壁蔓延。故选A。 18．句意：你听说过中国的绿色长城吗？ listened to听，强调“听”的动作；heard from收到……来信；heard of听到；looked up查阅。空格后为“the Green Wall of China”，此处指的是听过。故选C。 19．句意：许多人也会在一个特殊的日子里种树。 different不同的；special特殊的；following接下来的；simple简单的。根据下文“My parents planted a tree when I started school. And my cousin planted one on his wedding day”可知，许多人也会在一个特殊的日子里种树。故选B。 20．句意：我表哥在他结婚那天种了一棵树。 planted种植；bought买；borrowed借；caught抓住。根据上文“Many people also plant a tree on a special day”可知，许多人也会在一个特殊的日子里种树，此处指的是我表哥在他结婚那天种了一棵树。故选A。 三、阅读理解 After 10 years of difficult talks, nearly 200 countries agreed to a new United Nations (UN) agreement to protect the world’s oceans. The agreement has been the first of its kind in 40 years. It plans to protect 30% of the open oceans by 2030. Oceans cover about 71% of the Earth’s surface and are home to hundreds of thousands of different kinds of animals and plants. Healthy oceans are a very important part of a healthy planet. But the oceans are in trouble. Overfishing (捕捞过度) has had a terrible effect on many kinds of fish and other animals. Pollution from ships and other places has caused serious problems. In 1982, an agreement described the “high seas (公海)”, but it did not protect them. In these areas, all countries have the right to fish, send ships, and do research. The high seas cover about two-thirds of the ocean. But now people only protect 1. 2% of the areas. Last December, over 110 countries agreed to protect 30% of their land and ocean areas by 2030. Without an international agreement, there was no way to make this goal meaningful for the whole ocean. The new agreement now makes this feasible. The new agreement tries to turn 30% of the high seas into protected areas by 2030. It also says that activities planned for the high seas must first be examined to see what kind of influences they might have on the ocean environment. Businesses in some countries hope to make a lot of money by getting valuable things from the bottom of the sea. Other businesses hope to find plants or animals in the ocean that could lead to new discoveries and new medicines. Many of the disagreements were about how valuable things would be shared between rich countries and poor ones. Poor countries wanted to make sure that the valuable things would help everyone, not just people in rich countries. 21．How many countries agreed to a new United Nations (UN) agreement to protect the world’s oceans? A．Nearly 20 countries. B．Very few countries. C．Most countries in the world. D．Just a few countries. 22．What does Paragraph 2 mainly show us? A．The problems oceans face. B．Some ways to protect oceans. C．Different kinds of ocean creatures. D．People’s different ideas about oceans. 23．What does the underlined word “feasible” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Awful. B．Painful. C．Possible. D．Dangerous. 24．What can we know from the passage? A．The new agreement only tries to protect fish. B．All countries will stop fishing in the high seas. C．Valuable things from the oceans will go to rich countries. D．Many countries have paid attention to protecting the oceans. 25．What’s the passage mainly about? A．The importance of healthy oceans. B．Overfishing and pollution in the oceans. C．A new agreement to protect the open oceans. D．Disagreements between rich and poor countries. 【答案】21．C 22．A 23．C 24．D 25．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了近200个国家同意了一项关于保护世界海洋的新的联合国协议。它计划到2030年保护30%的开阔海域。 21．细节理解题。根据“nearly 200 countries agreed to a new United Nations (UN) agreement to protect the world’s oceans.”可知几乎有200个国家，因此是世界上大部分国家。故选C。 22．主旨大意题。根据“But the oceans are in trouble.”可知本段主要在讲述海洋面临的危险。故选A。 23．词句猜测题。根据“Without an international agreement, there was no way to make this goal meaningful for the whole ocean. The new agreement now makes this feasible.”可知如果没有一项国际协议，就不可能使这一目标对整个海洋有意义。新的协议现在使这一点变得可行。因此feasible意思是“可能的”，故选C。 24．推理判断题。根据“nearly 200 countries agreed to a new United Nations (UN) agreement to protect the world’s oceans.”可知许多国家都重视保护海洋。故选D。 25．主旨大意题。根据“After 10 years of difficult talks, nearly 200 countries agreed to a new United Nations (UN) agreement to protect the world’s oceans.”可知及全文可知，本文主要讲述了近200个国家同意了一项关于保护世界海洋的新的联合国协议。故选C。 下面的材料A-F是对一些俱乐部的介绍，请根据下面各题中人物的情况，帮他们选出最适合他们的俱乐部，并将其标号填入题前括号内。 26 Ben lives in the countryside and wants to help wildlife in his area. He is glad to share his experience in caring for different animal species with others. 27 Sam lives in a harbor (港口) town and he wants to do something to reduce the pollution in his area. He wonders how the pollution influences sea life. 28 Hannah only has free time at the weekend. She wants to meet other people who are interested in making things out of materials that are recycled. 29 Frank has great computer skills. He wants to share information to let people know which animals are in danger and ways to help them. 30 Joe lives in a city. He wants to learn how to grow food in a city garden project. He is only free on Sundays. A．SafeZoneWe provide a safe place for homeless animals that have been badly hurt. Our experts care for them until they’re healthy enough and find owners for them. Our team wants someone who can look after the poor animals. B．Band Together In the middle of the city, the members of our club meet every Sunday afternoon. Come discuss monthly topics such as vehicles (车辆) and how they influence nature. C． Nature First Come and get some fresh air and meet people of all ages who care about the environment in our beach project. We collect plastic to be recycled in a coastal area near you. Learn how waste in our oceans harms sea life and what you can do about it. D．Green Time Come and learn about all the different species (物种) that live in our local fields and woods. And if you’ve got any experience in looking after animals, let us know! We’re looking for volunteers who can offer advice at our weekly meetings. E. Listen Up You can join in our weekly meetings on our award-winning website, where you can chat with young people who care about the environment. Our members really want to make people aware of the things everyone should do to save and protect animals all over the Earth. F. Genius Don’t put your bottles, newspapers and tin cans in recycling bins. Just bring them to any Saturday-morning meeting, where our environmental artist shows you how to make art out of rubbish! 【答案】26．D 27．C 28．F 29．E 30．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了几个环保俱乐部的活动信息和目的，以及五个爱护环境，对环境保护感兴趣的人。 26．根据“Ben lives in the countryside…”以及“He is glad to share his experience in caring for…”可知Ben住在乡村，他很愿意和大家分享他照顾不同动物的经验。选项D“来了解住在我们当地田野和树林的不同物种。如果你有照顾动物的经验，请让我们知道！我们正在寻找能在我们的周会上提供建议的志愿者。”与之对应。故选D。 27．根据“Sam lives in a harbor (港口) town and he wants to do something to reduce the pollution in his area. He wonders how the pollution influences sea life.”可知Sam住在港口小镇，他想知道在他这里如何减少污染。他想知道污染如何影响海洋生物。选项C“来呼吸新鲜空气并且认识我们海滩项目中关心环境的不同年龄段的人。我们搜集你附近海岸能回收的塑料。学习废弃物是如何伤害海洋生物，学习你能为之做些什么。”与之对应。故选C。 28．根据“Hannah only has free time at the weekend. She wants to meet other people who are interested in making things out of materials that are recycled.”可知Hannah只有在周末有时间。她想认识其他对把回收的材料做成东西感兴趣的人。选项F“不要把你的瓶子、报纸和易拉罐扔进垃圾箱。把它们带到周六晨会上，在这里我们的环境艺术家会教你如何把这些垃圾变成艺术品。”与之对应。故选F。 29．根据“Frank has great computer skills. He wants to share information to let people know which animals are in danger and ways to help them.”可知Frank电脑技术很好。他想分享信息让人们知道哪些动物处在危险之中以及帮助它们的方法。选项E“你可以在我们的有奖网站参加我们的周会，在这里你可以与那些关心环境的人聊天。我们的成员真的想让人们意识到每个人应该做的事去拯救和保护我们地球上的动物。”与之对应。故选E。 30．根据“Joe lives in a city. He wants to learn how to grow food in a city garden project. He is only free on Sundays.”可知Joe住在城市里。他想知道如何在一个城市花园项目中种植食物。他只在每周日有时间。选项B“在这座城市中央，我们俱乐部的成员在每周日下午相聚。来讨论每月话题，例如车辆以及它们如何影响自然。”与之对应。故选B。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$