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专题04 名词和There be 句型
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名词
(
考点一 名词的数
)
名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词是指能用数目来计算,表示可以分成个体的人或事物的名词,有单、复数两种形式。
1、 名词复数形式的规则变化:
情况
改法
例词
一般情况
加 s
dog→dogs; hen→hens
以 s、x、ch、sh 结尾的名词
加 es
bus→buses; box→boxes; watch→watches
以“辅音字母+y”结尾的名词
变y为 i再加es
baby→babies; family→families
以“元音字母+y”结尾的名词
加s
monkey→monkeys; toy→toys
以f 或 fe结尾的名词
变f或fe为 v,再加es
knife→knives; wolf→wolves
以“元音字母+o”结尾的名词
加s
zoo→zoos; radio→radios
以“辅音字母+o”结尾的(有生命)名词
加 es
tomato→tomatoes; potato→potatoes
2、 名词复数形式的不规则变化:
改法
例词
单复数形式相同
deer→deer; sheep→sheep;
fish→fish; Chinese→Chinese;
Japanese→Japanese
改变单词中的元音字母
man→men; woman→women;
foot→feet; tooth→teeth;
goose→geese
在词尾加上en或者ren
ox→oxen; child→children
复合名词
主要词改复数
apple tree→apple trees
含man 或woman的,前后都改复数
man teacher→men teachers
完全没有规律可循
mouse→mice
不可数名词是指不能以数目来计算,表示不可以分成个体的物质或抽象概念的名词。如果想要表达“量”的变化,在前面可以加上一些表示数量的短语。如: a glass of warm water一杯温水; two cups of coffee 两杯咖啡; some milk 一些牛奶。
常见的不可数名词有:
液体不可数
water, milk, tea, juice, glue, rain, coffee, soup, oil
固体不可数
bread, rice, paper, snow, meat, beef, food, fruit, salad, salt, coal, wood, plastic
其他抽象名词
news, wind, energy, weather, health, time, homework
【考点再现】单项选择。
( )1. How many ________ would you like?
A. pear B. bread C. milk D. pencils
( )2. There are 34 ________ doctors in the hospital.
A. woman B. women C. woman's D. women's
( )3. My father has ________ for breakfast.
A. two piece of bread B. two pieces of bread
C. two piece of breads D. two pieces of breads
· 思路点拨:例题主要考查可数名词复数形式的变化规则以及不可数名词的形式。
1.由many可知后面必须接名词的复数形式, 需要分清哪些词是可数名词, 哪些词是不可数名词, 以及牢固掌握可数名词复数形式的规则变化和不规则变化。此题中B、C项为不可数名词, A项为可数名词的单数形式, D项为可数名词的复数形式, 故选 D。
2.由数字34 可知后面接名词的复数形式。如果 woman修饰后面的复数名词, 表示其性别, 则前后两个名词都必须用复数形式。woman属于不规则变化, 它的复数形式是 women, 故选 B。
3.不可数名词需要计量时,可以用“数词或冠词+计量名词+ of + 不可数名词”的结构来表达, 量词可以是单数也可以是复数, 但of后的名词需要用原形。bread是不可数名词, 用a piece of修饰, 变为复数时, 改数词和量词, 其余不变, 故选 B。
· 答案1. D 2. B 3. B
(
考点二 名词所有格
)
名词所有格是指名词中表示所属关系的形式。名词所有格有两种形式:一种是以“’s”结尾,多用来修饰有生命的东西;另一种是由 of构成,即在介词 of 后面加名词,多用来修饰没有生命的东西。
1、 名词后面加上“’s”或“’”
单词形式
所有格添加方法
举例
不以s结尾的名词
加’s
that girl's coat那个女孩的外套
Mike's family迈克的家人
以 s 或 es结尾的(复数)名词
加’
Teachers’ Day教师节
the boys’ teacher这些男孩的老师
不以 s 结尾的复数名词
加’s
the children’s toys孩子们的玩具 Women's Day妇女节
两人或两人以上共有的
只需在最后一个名词后加’s即可
Tom and Mike's Chinese teacher 汤姆和迈克的中文老师
两人或两人以上各自拥有的
在每个名词后加’s
Tom's and Mike's Chinese teachers 汤姆和迈克(各自拥有的)的中文老师
二、of所有格
表示无生命东西的所有格,一般由名词与of构成短语。如:a photo of my family我家的一张全家福;the colour of the skirt 这条短裙的颜色。
(
名词所有格口诀
一般名词后加’s,这种情况最常见。
两者共有添后边,各有各添记心间。
复数名词有s,后面只把’来添。
名词若是无生命,
of结构来相连。
)注意点:有时我们可以用“名词+of+名词所有格”
构成双重所有格形式。如: some pictures of Jack’s 杰克的一些图片。
【考点再现】
1.These are ________ chairs.
A.Tim and Tom’s B.Tim’s and Tom’s C.Tim’s and Tom
2.What’s ________ favourite colour?
A.your mother B.your mother’s C.yours mother
3.—Dad, is this ________ volleyball?
—No, ________ is in that box.
A.Bill; his B.Bill’s; his C.Bill; he
思路点拨:例题主要考查名词所有格。
1.句意:这些是Tim和Tom的椅子。
考查名词所有格。此空修饰复数名词chairs,表示各自拥有,需要在每个人名后加’s,故选B。
2.句意:你妈妈最喜欢的颜色是什么?
考查名词所有格以及代词辨析。your你的,形容词性物主代词;yours你的,名词性物主代词。修饰名词mother,应用形容词性物主代词your,排除C选项。修饰名词colour,应用名词所有格,故选B。
3.句意:——爸爸,这是比尔的排球吗?——不,他的在那个盒子里。
考查名词所有格和代词辨析。his他的;he他。第一空是作定语,需用Bill的所有格形式,排除AC项;第二空是指他的排球,应用名词性物主代词his,故选B。
答案1. B 2. B 3. B
There be 句型
There be句型表示某处存在某物/某人。
如:There is a book on the desk.
↓ ↓
某物 某处
翻译:书桌上有一本书。
(
考点一 There be句型结构
)
1. There is+a/an 可数名词单数+地点状语.
There is an apple on the tree. 树上有一个苹果。
There is a map on the wall. 墙上有一张地图。
2. There are+可数名词复数+地点状语.
There are four apples on the tree. 树上有四个苹果。
There are some flowers in the park. 公园里有许多花。
3. There is + 不可数名词 +地点状语.
There is some water in the bottle.瓶子里有一些水。
(水是不可数名词,即使有some, be动词也是单数)
注意:就近原则
There be句型中,几个名词并列时,be的单复数形式由最近名词单复数决定。如:
There are two boys and a girl under the tree.
(two boys 最靠近be动词)
There is a girl and two boys under the tree.
(a girl 最靠近be动词)
【考点再现】单项选择。
( ) 1. There ________some water in the bottle.
A. is B. are C. have D. be
( ) 2. There ________a pencil and many pens in Tom's schoolbag.
A. is B. are C. have D. be
· 思路点拨:例题考查There be句型中be动词的单、复数。在做题时,要注意根据主语的单、复数形式来确定 be动词的单、复数。
1.本题中的主语 some water为不可数名词, 所以be动词应用is。另外, 要注意There be句型不能与 have 共用。
2.本题中的主语是a pencil and many pens。当句中有两个或更多的主语时, 谓语be动词要和最靠近它的主语保持一致,所以be 动词应用is。
· 答案 1. A 2. A
(
考点二 There be 句型的否定形式
)
There be句型的否定:
★ 在be后面加not即可,is not =isn’t,are not= aren’t
注意:句中如果出现some则改成any.
例1:There is a book on the desk.(改为否定句)
→There is not/isn't a book on the desk.
例2:There are some books on the desk.(改为否定句)
→There aren't any books on the desk.
例3:There are five apples on the tree.(改为否定句)
→There are not five apples on the tree.
【考点再现】
There ________ any eggs in the fridge. I need to buy some.
A.are B.aren’t C.haven’t D.isn’t
思路点拨:例题主要考查There be句型否定句。
句意:冰箱里没有鸡蛋了。我需要买一些。
考查There be句型。are是,用于第二人称单复数现在时,第一、三人称复数现在时;aren’t不是,用于第二人称单复数现在时,第一、三人称复数现在时;haven’t没有;isn’t不是,be动词的三单形式。根据any 和“I need to buy some.”可知,此处表示否定;there be句型中be动词的数遵循“就近原则”,eggs是名词复数,所以此处用aren’t。故选B。
(
考点三 There be 句型疑问句及回答
)
1. 一般疑问句
· 把be动词调整到句首,再在句尾加上问号即可。
· 当肯定句中有some时,要改为any(否定变化也一样)。
例如:There is some water on Mars.(改为一般疑问句)
→Is there any water on Mars?
There are some fish in the water.(改为一般疑问句)
→Are there any fish in the water?
· There be句型的回答
肯定回答:Yes, there is/are.
否定回答: No, there isn’t/aren’t.
2. 特殊疑问句
提问There be 句型的特殊疑问句形式有以下三种变化:
(1) 对主语提问:
①当主语是人时,用“Who”提问;
②当主语是物时,用“What”。
注意:无论原句的主语是单数还是复数,提问时一般都用be的单数形式,回答时根据实际情况来决定。
例1:There are many things over there.(对划线部分进行提问)
→What's over there?
例2:There is a little girl in the room.(对划线部分进行提问)
→Who is in the room?
(2) 对地点提问:提问地点用“Where is/are+主语”。
There is a computer on the desk.(对划线部分进行提问)
→Where is the computer?
(3) 对数量提问:
①How many+复数名词+are there+地点短语?
②How much+不可数名词+is there+地点短语?
例1:There are two chairs in the bedroom.(对划线部分进行提问)
→How many chairs are there in the bedroom?
There is some water in the bottle.(对划线部分进行提问)
→How much water is there in the bottle?
【考点再现】
—Is there a supermarket around the old street?
—________. I often go shopping there.
A.Yes, there is B.No, there isn’t C.Yes, there are D.No, there aren’t
思路点拨:例题主要考查There be 句型的一般疑问句。
句意:——老街附近有超市吗?——是的,有。我经常去那里购物。
考查there be句型的一般疑问句。根据“Is there a supermarket around the old street?”和“I often go shopping there.”可知,此处为there be句型,且应进行肯定回答,be动词为is,其肯定回答结构为“Yes, there is.”。故选A。
答案 A
(
考点四 There be 句型与have/has的区别
)
1. 结构不同:
There be + 名词 +其它.
主语 + have/has + 其它.
2. 意义不同
there be侧重表示“存在”
have/has侧重表示“持有/拥有”
3. 两者不可混用
(×) There is have ....
(×) There have are ....
试对比以下句子:
(1) There are some apples in the box.盒子里有一些苹果。
(2) We have some apples.我们有一些苹果。
(3) There is a dog under the desk.书桌下有一只狗。
(4) My mother has a dog.我妈妈有一只狗。
【考点再现】
Look, ___________ many restaurants in front of the bank.
A.has .B.have C.there is D.there are
思路点拨:例题主要考查There be句型与have/has的区别。
句意:看,银行前面有很多餐馆。
考查There be句型。根据“...many restaurants in front of the bank.”可知,银行前面有很多餐馆,需用there be句型,表示“某地有某物”。主语many restaurants是复数名词,be动词用are。故选D。
答案 D
1.We need some ________ and two ________.
A.bananas; cup of milk B.bananas; cups of milk C.banana; milk D.banana; milks
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我们需要一些香蕉和两杯牛奶。
考查名词复数。根据“some”可知,空缺处可数名词应为复数形式,故排除选项C和D;“……杯牛奶”表达为“...cup(s) of milk”,前文有“two”,cup要用复数形式,故排除A。故选B。
2.—I want to write a letter. Can you give me some ________, please?
—Sure. Here you are.
A.pen B.paper C.money D.note
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——我想写一封信。你能给我一些纸吗?——当然。给你。
考查名词辨析。pen钢笔,单数;paper纸张,不可数名词;money金钱,不可数名词;note便条,单数。根据“I want to write a letter”可知,写信需要“纸”或“笔”,some修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词。故选B。
3.—Could you give me _________ milk, Mum?
—Sorry, we only have ________ in the fridge.
A.any; two bottles of oranges B.any; two bottles of orange juice
C.some; two bottles of oranges juice D.some; two bottles of orange juice
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——妈妈,你能给我一些牛奶吗?——抱歉,我们冰箱里只有两瓶橙汁。
考查代词辨析及不可数名词。any用于否定句和疑问句中;some用于肯定句和表示希望得到肯定回答的疑问句中。根据“Could you give me…milk”可知此处表示请求,希望得到肯定答复,需用some;第二空orange juice“橙汁”是不可数名词,需用量词two bottles of修饰。故选D。
4.—May I help you, sir?
—________, please.
A.Some beef and two glass of water B.Some beef and two glass of waters
C.Some beef and two glasses of water D.Some beef and two glasses of waters
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——我能为您效劳吗,先生?——请给我一些牛肉和两杯水。
考查名词。beef牛肉,不可数名词;glass玻璃杯,为可数名词,当表示“几杯……”时,需用复数形式glasses;water水,为不可数名词,没有复数形式,当表示“几杯水”时,需用“数词+glass(es) of water”结构。根据选项可知,此处想要表达的是“我想要一些牛肉和两杯水”,需用复数名词glasses和不可数名词water的正确用法。故选C。
5.—What can I do for you, sir?
—I’d like two ________. We all like them.
A.bowls of rices B.boxes of apples C.carton of milk D.glasses of oranges
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——先生,我能为您做什么?——我想要两盒苹果。我们都喜欢它们。
考查名词的数。two后接名词复数,排除C;rice是不可数名词,无复数形式,排除A;orange表示“果汁”时,是不可数名词,无复数形式,排除D。two boxes of apples“两盒苹果”。故选B。
6.There is only a little ________ in the fridge. That’s not enough for breakfast.
A.apple B.milk C.egg D.vegetable
【答案】B
【详解】句意:冰箱里只有一点牛奶。那不够做早餐。
考查名词辨析。apple苹果,是可数名词;milk牛奶,是不可数名词;egg鸡蛋,是可数名词;vegetable蔬菜,是可数名词。根据空前的“a little”可知,此处要用不可数名词。故选B。
7.How many ________ do you want for your hamburger?
A.piece of cheese B.pieces of cheeses C.pieces of cheese D.piece of cheeses
【答案】C
【详解】句意:你的汉堡包要加几片芝士?
考查单位词及不可数名词及其数的表达。cheese“奶酪”为不可数名词,且单位词piece“片”为可数名词,“How many…”引导的特殊疑问句后需接单位词“piece”的名词复数形式来询问数量。故选C。
8.This is Mrs. Green. She is ________ mom.
A.Susan and Lily B.Susan and Lily’s
C.Susan’s and Lily D.Susan’s and Lily’s
【答案】B
【详解】句意:这是格林太太。她是苏珊和莉莉的妈妈。
考查名词所有格。根据空后名词“mom”可知,格林太太是两位女孩共同的妈妈,应在最后一个名词后加’s,即Susan and Lily’s。故选B。
9.The red dress on the chair isn’t ________. Her dress is yellow.
A.Lucy’ B.Lucy C.Lucy’s D.her
【答案】C
【详解】句意:椅子上的红连衣裙不是露西的。她的连衣裙是黄色的。
考查名词所有格。Lucy’错误形式;Lucy露西;Lucy’s露西的;her她的。根据“The red dress on the chair isn’t ... Her dress is yellow.”可知,此处表示“露西的连衣裙”,空后无名词,故用名词所有格。故选C。
10.I played ping-pong with a friend of ________.
A.my B.mine C.her D.our
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我和我的一个朋友打乒乓球。
考查代词。my我的,形容词性物主代词;mine我的,名词性物主代词;her她的,形容词性物主代词;our我们的,形容词性物主代词。根据“I played ping-pong with a friend of”可知,此处指的是“我的一位朋友”,应用名词性物主代词,故选B。
11.The two bags aren’t _______. They are _______.
A.ours; Lucy and Lily’s B.our; Lucy and Lily’s
C.our; Lucy’s and Lily’s D.ours; Lucy’s and Lily’s
【答案】D
【详解】句意:这两个包不是我们的,它们是露西和莉莉的。
考查代词辨析和名词所有格。ours我们的,名词性物主代词;our我们的,形容词性物主代词。第一个空应填“我们的”,因后无名词,故应用名词性物主代词ours;根据“they are”可知,第二个空表达“Lucy和Lily分别的”,使用“Lucy’s and Lily’s”。故选D。
12.This man in red is a friend of _______.
A.my father B.my father’s C.my fathers’ D.my fathers’s
【答案】B
【详解】句意:这个穿红衣服的男人是我爸爸的一个朋友。
考查双重所有格。根据“a friend of”可知是我爸爸朋友中的一个,空后无名词,应用my father的所有格,故选B。
13.—Is this ________ room, Bob?
—No. It is ________.
A.you; Tom and Jim’s B.your; Tom’s and Jim’s C.your; Tom and Jim’s
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——Bob,这是你的房间吗?——不,它是Tom和Jim共有的。
考查代词及名词所有格用法。根据“room”可知,空处需形容词性物主代词来修饰,故第一个空填your;根据“No. It is...”可知,空处指一个房间,故而是Tom和Jim共用的,表示“共有”时,需最后一个名词用所有格,故第二个空需填Tom and Jim’s。故选C。
14.—Those tennis rackets are cool! Whose are they?
—They’re my ______. She plays tennis well.
A.father’s B.sister’s C.brother’s D.grandparents’
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——那些网球拍很酷!他们是谁的?——它们是我姐姐的。她网球打得很好。
考查名词辨析。father’s父亲的;sister’s姐姐的; brother’s兄弟的;grandparents’祖父母的。根据“She plays tennis well.”可知,此处应指代主语she,she第三人称单数形式,sister’s第三人称的所有格形式。故选B。
15.—Are there any students in the playground?
—________. All of them are in the classroom.
A.Yes, there are B.No, there aren’t
C.Yes, they are D.No, they aren’t
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——操场上有学生吗?——不,没有。他们都在教室里。
考查一般疑问句。根据“All of them are in the classroom.”可知,此处应是否定回答,“Are there…”一般疑问句的否定回答为“No, there aren’t”。故选B。
16.—Is there a blue pen on your desk?
—No, ________.
A.it is B.it isn’t C.there is D.there isn’t
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——你的桌子上有一支蓝色的钢笔吗?——不,没有。
考查there be句型的一般疑问句。根据“Is there a blue pen on your desk?”可知,此处是there be句型,其否定回答应该用“there isn’t”。故选D。
17.—What’s in your bag?
—________ two books and a pen.
A.They’re B.There’re C.There have
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——你包里有什么?——有两本书和一只笔。
考查there be句型。根据问句“What’s in your bag?”提问包里有什么,用“There be”句型回答客观存在有什么。故选B。
18.There ________ a foreign teacher and some students talking about Chinese tea.
A.has B.have C.are D.is
【答案】D
【详解】句意:有一位外教和一些学生在谈论中国茶。
考查There be句型。has有,第三人称单数形式;have有,动词原形;are是,用于第二人称单复数现在时,第一、三人称复数现在时;is是,用于第三人称单数现在时。根据题干“There…a foreign teacher and some students talking about Chinese tea.”可知是There be句型,不能与have/has连用,故排除选项A和B;There be句型需遵循就近原则,空后的“a foreign teacher”为单数,空处应填is。故选D。
19.There ________ a ruler and two erasers in the pencil case.
A.is B.are C.has D.have
【答案】A
【详解】句意:在铅笔盒里有一把尺子和两块橡皮。
考查there be句型。根据就近原则,be动词的形式应与其后最近的名词保持一致。a ruler是单数名词,因此用单数形式is。故选A。
20.— Will there ________ a football match on CCTV5 this evening?
— Yes. There ________ usually football matches on Sunday evenings.
A.have; are B.be; are C.are; have D.be; will be
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——今晚在CCTV5有足球比赛吗?——有。在星期天晚上经常有足球比赛。第一空根据this evening故用一般将来时,there be表示某时或某地有某人或某物;have表示某人或某物拥有。此处表示存在,故用there be句型,故第一空为be。第二空根据usually可知,此处用一般现在时,故用are。故选B。
真题感知
1.(2024·西藏·中考真题)________ father works in the police station.
A.Eric and Helen’s B.Eric and Helen C.Eric’s and Helen D.Eric’s and Helen’s
【答案】A
【详解】句意:Eric和Helen的爸爸在警察局工作。
考查名词所有格。此空修饰名词father,应用名词所有格,排除B选项;father是单数,此处表示两个人共同的父亲,在最后一个人名后加’s,故选A。
2.(2023·湖南邵阳·中考真题)—What animals did you see on the farm, Tom?
—I saw some ________.
A.rabbit B.ducks C.sheeps
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——你在农场看到了什么动物,汤姆?——我看见一些鸭子。
考查名词的用法。rabbit兔子,名词单数;ducks鸭子,名词复数;sheeps表述错误。some修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词,故选B。
3.(2023·湖南郴州·中考真题)My parents took me to the amusement park on ________ Day. There were so many exciting things to do there.
A.Children’s B.Children C.Child’s
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我的父母在儿童节带我去了游乐园。在那里有很多令人兴奋的事情可做。
考查名词所有格。根据“My parents took me to the amusement park on…Day.”及结合选项可知,此处表示“儿童节”,children“孩子们”,修饰名词Day应该用其所有格形式。故选A。
4.(2023·湖南岳阳·中考真题)Yueyang is one of the top 10 most beautiful ________ in China this year.
A.city B.cities C.citys
【答案】B
【详解】句意:岳阳是今年中国十大最美丽的城市之一。
考查名词复数。one of+最高级+名词复数,表示“……中最……之一”,固定句型,可排除A选项;city的复数形式为cities。故选B。
5.(2022·西藏·中考真题)More and more ________ want to learn about Chinese culture.
A.Germans B.German C.Germany D.Germans’
【答案】A
【详解】句意:越来越多的德国人想了解中国文化。
考查词义辨析和名词复数。Germans德国人,名词复数;German德国人,名词单数;Germany德国;Germans’表述错误。“More and more”修饰可数名词复数,指人想了解中国文化。故选A。
6.(2022·湖南益阳·中考真题)Look! There are some ________ eating grass on the hill.
A.sheep B.cow C.horse
【答案】A
【详解】句意:看!有一些绵羊在山上吃草。
考查名词辨析。sheep绵羊;cow奶牛;horse马。根据“some”可知其后用可数名词复数,sheep单复数同形,其他选项均为单数。故选A。
7.(2023·广西来宾·中考真题)—There are many ________ about this farm.
—Yes, lots of ________ are planted on it.
A.photo; potato B.photos; potatos C.photos; potatoes D.photoes; potatoes
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——有许多关于这个农场的照片。——是的, 在农场上种了很多马铃薯。
考查名词的用法。photo照片,可数名词;potato马铃薯,可数名词;根据答句中的“planted”可知,种植的是potato,且其前有lots of 修饰,故第二空用potato的复数形式potatoes;第一空前有many修饰,因此要用photo的复数形式photos。故选C。
8.(2023·广东清远·中考真题)I’m so hungry. Please give me ________ to eat.
A.three breads B.three pieces of breads C.three pieces of bread D.three piece of bread
【答案】C
【详解】句意:我太饿了。请给我三块面包吃。
考查不可数名词。bread是不可数名词,没有复数形式,排除A和B选项,piece of是修饰不可数名词的量词,前有three修饰时,piece要用复数形式,故选C。
9.(2023·湖南怀化·中考真题)________ room looks very clean.
A.Bob and Dave’s B.Bob’s and Dave’s C.Bob’s and Dave
【答案】A
【详解】句意:鲍勃和大卫的房间看上去很干净。
考查名词所有格。表示多人共有一个人或事物时,只在最后一个名词后加“-’s”构成所有格;当表示几个人分别拥有自己的人或事物时,则在每个人的后面加“-’s”表示所有关系。根据空后的单数名词room可知这个房间属于两个人共有的,只在最后一个名词后加“-’s”,故选A。
10.(2023·湖南湘西·中考真题)—How much honey do we need?
—Let’s see. Two ________.
A.spoons of honey B.spoon of honeys C.spoons of honeys
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——我们需要多少蜂蜜?——让我们看看。两勺蜂蜜。
考查不可数名词数的表达。honey“蜂蜜”,是不可数名词,不能加s变成复数形式,排除B/C选项;表达数量要借助量词,故选A。
11.(2023·广西百色·中考真题)Uncle Li has a farm, there are some________ on the farm.
A.chicken and sheep B.chickens and sheeps
C.chickens and sheep D.chicken and sheeps
【答案】C
【详解】句意:李叔叔有一个农场,在农场上有一些鸡和羊。
考查名词复数的用法。根据“there are some…on the farm”可知,农场上会有鸡和羊。some后接不可数名词或可数名词的复数形式,chicken鸡,复数形式是chickens;sheep羊,复数形式是sheep,故选C。
12.(2023·西藏·中考真题)Walking along the river, I met a friend of ________.
A.fathers B.father’s C.father D.fathers’
【答案】B
【详解】句意:在河边散步时,我遇见了父亲的一个朋友。
考查双重所有格。根据“a friend of…”可知,此处是双重所有格,用名词所有格形式,父亲是一个人,故选B。
13.(2022·湖南邵阳·中考真题)— Would you like some ________?
— Yes, madam.
A.egg B.juice C.milk teas
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——你想要些果汁吗?——是的,夫人。
考查名词辨析。egg鸡蛋;juice果汁;milk teas错误表达,奶茶是不可数名词,不可以加s。some修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词,只有B选项符合,故选B。
14.(2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·中考真题)The ________ is China’s national treasure. It’s a kind of cute animal that likes eating bamboo.
A.panda B.tiger C.elephant
【答案】A
【详解】句意:熊猫是中国的国宝。它是一种喜欢吃竹子的可爱动物。
考查名词辨析。panda熊猫;tiger老虎;elephant大象。根据“China’s national treasure”和“It’s a kind of cute animal that likes eating bamboo.”可知,此处指熊猫。故选A。
15.(2024·吉林长春·中考真题)—There ________ many ancient Chinese poems in this book. Which one do you like best?
—Climbing a Tower by Wang Zhihuan.
A.are B.is C.were D.was
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——这本书中有许多中国古诗。你最喜欢哪一个?——王之涣的《登鹳雀楼》。
考查主谓一致和时态。此处表示客观事实,用一般现在时,主语是名词复数,be动词用are。故选A。
16.(2024·黑龙江绥化·中考真题)Look! There ________ some information about traffic rules in this book.
A.is B.are C.was
【答案】A
【详解】句意:看!在这本书上有一些关于交通规则的信息。
考查be动词。此句是There be句型,主语是information,不可数名词,be动词用单数,描述事实,用一般现在时。故选A。
17.(2024·甘肃白银·中考真题)—Oh, no! Your brother left his umbrella at home. There ________ heavy rain this afternoon.
—Don’t worry, Mom. I’ll bring it to him.
A.was B.has been C.are D.will be
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——哦,不!你哥哥把伞忘在家里了。今天下午会有大雨。——别担心,妈妈。我会拿给他的。
考查动词时态。根据“this afternoon”可知是一般将来时,故选D。
18.(2023·辽宁抚顺·中考真题)Look! There ________ some information about traffic safety in this book.
A.is B.are C.was D.were
【答案】A
【详解】句意:看!这本书里有一些关于交通安全的信息。
考查There be句型和时态。根据“Look! There...some information about traffic safety in this book.”可知,用一般现在时,主语“some information”是不可数名词,故选A。
19.(2023·西藏·中考真题)There ________ a clear lake in my city.
A.be B.am C.is D.are
【答案】C
【详解】句意:在我的城市里有一个清澈的湖。
考查主谓一致。题干中there be句型的主语是“a clear lake”,属于第三人称单数,be动词用is。故选C。
20.(2023·江苏镇江·中考真题)There ________ many modern high-speed railways in Jiangsu and they help people travel easily.
A.is B.are C.was D.were
【答案】B
【详解】句意:江苏有许多现代化的高速铁路,它们帮助人们方便地出行。
考查there be。句子主语railways是复数,be动词用复数形式,排除AC。根据后句可知,句子是一般现在时,be动词用are。故选B。
提升专练
1.There is a lot of ________ and three ________ on the table in the kitchen.
A.dumpling; chicken B.potatoes; eggplants
C.rice; chicken D.rice; eggplants
【答案】D
【详解】句意:在厨房的桌子上有很多米饭和三个茄子。
考查名词的数。dumpling饺子,可数名词单数;chicken鸡肉,不可数名词;potatoes土豆,可数名词复数;eggplants茄子,可数名词复数;rice米饭,不可数名词。“a lot of ”许多,既可修饰可数名词的复数形式,也可修饰不可数名词,且结合be动词“is”可知,第一空用不可数名词,排除A、B;“three”是具体的数字,后面跟可数名词的复数形式。故选D。
2.I saw several (几个) ________ there.
A.fox B.foxes C.foxs
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我在那里看到了几只狐狸。
考查名词的复数变化。fox狐狸,名词单数;foxes狐狸,复数形式;foxs错误表达。根据“several”可知,空处应用可数名词复数形式。故选B。
3.There are four ________ and five ________ in the group.
A.Japanese; German B.Chinese; Japanese C.Germans; American
【答案】B
【详解】句意:小组里有四个中国人和五个日本人。
考查名词复数。Japanese日本人,可数名词,复数形式为Japanese,单复数同形;Chinese中国人,可数名词,复数形式为Chinese,单复同形;German德国人,可数名词,复数形式为Germans;American美国人,复数形式为Americans。根据空格前数词“four”和“five”可知,两个名词都应用复数形式,B选项符合题意。故选B。
4.I want two ________.
A.cups of tea B.cup of tea C.cups of teas
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我想要两杯茶。
考查名词的数。“tea”是不可数名词,不能直接用数词修饰,但可以用量词短语“two cups of tea”表示“两杯茶”,选项B、C是错误表达。故选A。
5.—How far (多远) is it from your home to school?
—It’s only ten ________ walk.
A.minute’s B.minutes C.minutes’
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——从你家到学校有多远?——走路只要十分钟。
考查复数名词所有格。根据“How far (多远)...walk.”可知,此处是回答询问者从家到学校的路程,表示十分钟的路程,所以应用名词复数的所有格形式minutes’。故选C。
6.—Why do you buy so ________?
—Because they’re cheap. You should get some too.
A.many tomatoes B.much bananas C.many bread D.much salt
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——你为什么买这么多西红柿?——因为它们很便宜。你也应该买一些。
考查可数名词与不可数名词及修饰词的用法。many tomatoes很多西红柿;much bananas错误表达;many bread错误表达;much salt很多盐。many修饰可数名词复数;much修饰不可数名词。Tomatoes和bananas是可数名词复数,用many修饰;bread和salt是不可数名词,用much修饰。根据“Because they’re cheap”可知,不可数名词不能用they指代,只能用it,所以此处指代的是可数名词tomatoes,故选A。
7.—________ meat do you want, Mrs Wilson?
—Three and a half ________.
A.How many; kilos B.How many; kilo C.How much; kilos D.How much; kilo
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——威尔逊太太,你想要多少肉?——三公斤半。
考查不可数名词和可数名词。how many多少,对可数名词进行提问;how much多少,对不可数名词进行提问;kilo公斤。meat为不可数名词,用how much提问;kilo“公斤”为可数名词,Three and a half修饰用复数形式。故选C。
8.—Good morning, Madam. Can I help you?
—Sure, I’d like ________ for cooking vegetables.
A.two cups of tea B.three pieces of bread C.five kilos of oil D.four bottles of milk
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——早上好,女士。我能帮你吗?——当然,我想要五公斤油来做菜。
考查不可数名词。two cups of tea两杯茶;three pieces of bread三片面包;five kilos of oil五公斤油;four bottles of milk四瓶牛奶。根据“cooking vegetables.”可知是指要五公斤油来做菜。故选C。
9.Would you like ________?
A.some orange juices B.any oranges juices C.any orange juices D.some orange juice
【答案】D
【详解】句意:你想喝点橙汁吗?
考查代词和名词用法。“Would you like ...?”是希望得到肯定回答的疑问句,用some不用any,juice是不可数名词,orange juice“橙汁”。故选D。
10.—Daniel, what would you like for your supper?
—I’d like to buy some _______ and two_______.
A.potatoes; kilos of beefs B.potato; kilos of beef C.tomatoes; kilos of beef D.tomato; kilos of beefs
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——丹尼尔,你晚饭想吃什么?——我想买些西红柿和两公斤牛肉。
考查名词单复数及量词短语。根据“some”可知,其修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词,potato土豆,是可数名词,其复数形式是potatoes,tomato西红柿,是可数名词,其复数形式是tomatoes,所以第一空应填tomatoes或potatoes,排除B和D选项。beef牛肉,是不可数名词,没有复数形式,所以两公斤牛肉的正确表达是two kilos of beef,排除A选项。故选C。
11.Mr.Black is ________father.
A.Mary and Cindy B.Mary’s and Cindy C.Mary and Cindy’s D.Mary’s and Cindy’s
【答案】C
【详解】句意:布莱克先生是玛丽和辛迪的爸爸。
考查所有格。Mary and Cindy玛丽和辛迪;Mary’s and Cindy玛丽的和辛迪;Mary and Cindy’s 玛丽和辛迪共有的;Mary’s and Cindy’s 玛丽和辛迪各自有的。根据“Mr.Black is...father”可知,布莱克先生是两位女孩共同的爸爸,两者或两者以上共同所有:只在最后一个人的名字后加’s,故选C。
12.—Dad, is this ________ basketball?
—No, ________ is in that box.
A.Bill; his B.Bill’s; his C.Bill; he
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——爸爸,这是比尔的篮球吗?——不,他的在那个盒子里。
考查名词所有格和代词辨析。his他的;he他。第一个空修饰名词basketball,用名词所有格Bill’s;第二个空指代“他的篮球”,空后无名词,用名词性物主代词his。故选B。
13.—A beautiful farm!
—It’s my ________. And he has many animals on the farm.
A.uncle’s B.uncles C.uncles’
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——一个美丽的农场!——它是我叔叔的。他的农场里有很多动物。
考查所有格。uncle’s叔叔的;uncles叔叔们;uncles’叔叔们的。根据“he”可知此处“叔叔”应是单数;结合“A beautiful farm”,需用名词单数所有格形式uncle’s,表示“叔叔的农场”。故选A。
14.These are ________ mothers.
A.Tom’s and Jerry’s B.Tom and Jerry’s C.Tom’s and Jerry
【答案】A
【详解】句意:这些是汤姆和杰瑞的母亲。
考查名词所有格。根据“mothers”可知此处指两人各自的妈妈,故在每个名词后加所有格,即Tom’s and Jerry’s。故选A。
15.There ________ a big park and some bookshops near my home.
A.has B.have C.is D.are
【答案】C
【详解】句意:我家附近有一个大公园和一些书店。
考查there be句型及主谓一致。分析句子结构可知,此句为there be句型,遵循“就近原则”,be动词的数要与a big park保持一致,所以C项正确。故选C。
16.There ______ some old houses near my school last year.
A.is B.are C.was D.were
【答案】D
【详解】句意:去年在我学校附近有一些老房子。
考查there be句型和时态辨析。根据时间状语“last year”可知,句子时态为一般过去时;主语“some old houses”是复数形式,因此be动词用复数形式were。故选D。
17.—What’s on the wall?
—________a guitar.
A.It is B.This is C.There is
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——墙上是什么? ——有一把吉他。
考查there be 句型。根据“What’s on the wall?”可知,回答某地有某物,答语应用There be 句型回答。故选C。
18.There ________ a cartoon festival in Shanghai next Saturday.
A.is going to have B.will have C.have D.is going to be
【答案】D
【详解】句意:下周六上海将有一个卡通节。
考查there be句型用法。根据“There”及“next Saturday”可知,是考查there be句型,表示“某地有某物”,且为一般将来时,一般将来时结构是:will+动原或be going to do,结合选项,选项A、B、C均含有“have有”,与句中there重复, 故需排除。故填is going to be。故选D。
19.How many members ______ in your reading group?
A.are there B.there is C.is there D.there are
【答案】A
【详解】句意:你们阅读组有多少成员?
考查there be句型用法。根据“How many members...in your reading group?”可知,本句为特殊疑问句,there be句型中be动词需放在there之前,members“成员”为名词复数,be动词需are。故选A。
20.—Is there a supermarket around the old street?
—________. I often go shopping there.
A.Yes, there is B.No, there isn’t C.Yes, there are D.No, there aren’t
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——老街附近有超市吗?——是的,有。我经常去那里购物。
考查there be句型的一般疑问句。根据“Is there a supermarket around the old street?”和“I often go shopping there.”可知,此处为there be句型,且应进行肯定回答,be动词为is,其肯定回答结构为“Yes, there is.”。故选A。
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专题04 名词和There be 句型
考点聚焦:核心考点+中考考点,有的放矢
重点速记:知识点和关键点梳理,查漏补缺
难点强化:难点内容标注与讲解,能力提升
学以致用:真题感知+提升专练,全面突破
名词
(
考点一 名词的数
)
名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词是指能用数目来计算,表示可以分成个体的人或事物的名词,有单、复数两种形式。
1、 名词复数形式的规则变化:
情况
改法
例词
一般情况
加 s
dog→dogs; hen→hens
以 s、x、ch、sh 结尾的名词
加 es
bus→buses; box→boxes; watch→watches
以“辅音字母+y”结尾的名词
变y为 i再加es
baby→babies; family→families
以“元音字母+y”结尾的名词
加s
monkey→monkeys; toy→toys
以f 或 fe结尾的名词
变f或fe为 v,再加es
knife→knives; wolf→wolves
以“元音字母+o”结尾的名词
加s
zoo→zoos; radio→radios
以“辅音字母+o”结尾的(有生命)名词
加 es
tomato→tomatoes; potato→potatoes
2、 名词复数形式的不规则变化:
改法
例词
单复数形式相同
deer→deer; sheep→sheep;
fish→fish; Chinese→Chinese;
Japanese→Japanese
改变单词中的元音字母
man→men; woman→women;
foot→feet; tooth→teeth;
goose→geese
在词尾加上en或者ren
ox→oxen; child→children
复合名词
主要词改复数
apple tree→apple trees
含man 或woman的,前后都改复数
man teacher→men teachers
完全没有规律可循
mouse→mice
不可数名词是指不能以数目来计算,表示不可以分成个体的物质或抽象概念的名词。如果想要表达“量”的变化,在前面可以加上一些表示数量的短语。如: a glass of warm water一杯温水; two cups of coffee 两杯咖啡; some milk 一些牛奶。
常见的不可数名词有:
液体不可数
water, milk, tea, juice, glue, rain, coffee, soup, oil
固体不可数
bread, rice, paper, snow, meat, beef, food, fruit, salad, salt, coal, wood, plastic
其他抽象名词
news, wind, energy, weather, health, time, homework
【考点再现】单项选择。
( )1. How many ________ would you like?
A. pear B. bread C. milk D. pencils
( )2. There are 34 ________ doctors in the hospital.
A. woman B. women C. woman's D. women's
( )3. My father has ________ for breakfast.
A. two piece of bread B. two pieces of bread
C. two piece of breads D. two pieces of breads
· 思路点拨:例题主要考查可数名词复数形式的变化规则以及不可数名词的形式。
1.由many可知后面必须接名词的复数形式, 需要分清哪些词是可数名词, 哪些词是不可数名词, 以及牢固掌握可数名词复数形式的规则变化和不规则变化。此题中B、C项为不可数名词, A项为可数名词的单数形式, D项为可数名词的复数形式, 故选 D。
2.由数字34 可知后面接名词的复数形式。如果 woman修饰后面的复数名词, 表示其性别, 则前后两个名词都必须用复数形式。woman属于不规则变化, 它的复数形式是 women, 故选 B。
3.不可数名词需要计量时,可以用“数词或冠词+计量名词+ of + 不可数名词”的结构来表达, 量词可以是单数也可以是复数, 但of后的名词需要用原形。bread是不可数名词, 用a piece of修饰, 变为复数时, 改数词和量词, 其余不变, 故选 B。
· 答案1. D 2. B 3. B
(
考点二 名词所有格
)
名词所有格是指名词中表示所属关系的形式。名词所有格有两种形式:一种是以“’s”结尾,多用来修饰有生命的东西;另一种是由 of构成,即在介词 of 后面加名词,多用来修饰没有生命的东西。
1、 名词后面加上“’s”或“’”
单词形式
所有格添加方法
举例
不以s结尾的名词
加’s
that girl's coat那个女孩的外套
Mike's family迈克的家人
以 s 或 es结尾的(复数)名词
加’
Teachers’ Day教师节
the boys’ teacher这些男孩的老师
不以 s 结尾的复数名词
加’s
the children’s toys孩子们的玩具 Women's Day妇女节
两人或两人以上共有的
只需在最后一个名词后加’s即可
Tom and Mike's Chinese teacher 汤姆和迈克的中文老师
两人或两人以上各自拥有的
在每个名词后加’s
Tom's and Mike's Chinese teachers 汤姆和迈克(各自拥有的)的中文老师
二、of所有格
表示无生命东西的所有格,一般由名词与of构成短语。如:a photo of my family我家的一张全家福;the colour of the skirt 这条短裙的颜色。
(
名词所有格口诀
一般名词后加’s,这种情况最常见。
两者共有添后边,各有各添记心间。
复数名词有s,后面只把’来添。
名词若是无生命,
of结构来相连。
)注意点:有时我们可以用“名词+of+名词所有格”
构成双重所有格形式。如: some pictures of Jack’s 杰克的一些图片。
【考点再现】
1.These are ________ chairs.
A.Tim and Tom’s B.Tim’s and Tom’s C.Tim’s and Tom
2.What’s ________ favourite colour?
A.your mother B.your mother’s C.yours mother
3.—Dad, is this ________ volleyball?
—No, ________ is in that box.
A.Bill; his B.Bill’s; his C.Bill; he
思路点拨:例题主要考查名词所有格。
1.句意:这些是Tim和Tom的椅子。
考查名词所有格。此空修饰复数名词chairs,表示各自拥有,需要在每个人名后加’s,故选B。
2.句意:你妈妈最喜欢的颜色是什么?
考查名词所有格以及代词辨析。your你的,形容词性物主代词;yours你的,名词性物主代词。修饰名词mother,应用形容词性物主代词your,排除C选项。修饰名词colour,应用名词所有格,故选B。
3.句意:——爸爸,这是比尔的排球吗?——不,他的在那个盒子里。
考查名词所有格和代词辨析。his他的;he他。第一空是作定语,需用Bill的所有格形式,排除AC项;第二空是指他的排球,应用名词性物主代词his,故选B。
答案1. B 2. B 3. B
There be 句型
There be句型表示某处存在某物/某人。
如:There is a book on the desk.
↓ ↓
某物 某处
翻译:书桌上有一本书。
(
考点一 There be句型结构
)
1. There is+a/an 可数名词单数+地点状语.
There is an apple on the tree. 树上有一个苹果。
There is a map on the wall. 墙上有一张地图。
2. There are+可数名词复数+地点状语.
There are four apples on the tree. 树上有四个苹果。
There are some flowers in the park. 公园里有许多花。
3. There is + 不可数名词 +地点状语.
There is some water in the bottle.瓶子里有一些水。
(水是不可数名词,即使有some, be动词也是单数)
注意:就近原则
There be句型中,几个名词并列时,be的单复数形式由最近名词单复数决定。如:
There are two boys and a girl under the tree.
(two boys 最靠近be动词)
There is a girl and two boys under the tree.
(a girl 最靠近be动词)
【考点再现】单项选择。
( ) 1. There ________some water in the bottle.
A. is B. are C. have D. be
( ) 2. There ________a pencil and many pens in Tom's schoolbag.
A. is B. are C. have D. be
· 思路点拨:例题考查There be句型中be动词的单、复数。在做题时,要注意根据主语的单、复数形式来确定 be动词的单、复数。
1.本题中的主语 some water为不可数名词, 所以be动词应用is。另外, 要注意There be句型不能与 have 共用。
2.本题中的主语是a pencil and many pens。当句中有两个或更多的主语时, 谓语be动词要和最靠近它的主语保持一致,所以be 动词应用is。
· 答案 1. A 2. A
(
考点二 There be 句型的否定形式
)
There be句型的否定:
★ 在be后面加not即可,is not =isn’t,are not= aren’t
注意:句中如果出现some则改成any.
例1:There is a book on the desk.(改为否定句)
→There is not/isn't a book on the desk.
例2:There are some books on the desk.(改为否定句)
→There aren't any books on the desk.
例3:There are five apples on the tree.(改为否定句)
→There are not five apples on the tree.
【考点再现】
There ________ any eggs in the fridge. I need to buy some.
A.are B.aren’t C.haven’t D.isn’t
思路点拨:例题主要考查There be句型否定句。
句意:冰箱里没有鸡蛋了。我需要买一些。
考查There be句型。are是,用于第二人称单复数现在时,第一、三人称复数现在时;aren’t不是,用于第二人称单复数现在时,第一、三人称复数现在时;haven’t没有;isn’t不是,be动词的三单形式。根据any 和“I need to buy some.”可知,此处表示否定;there be句型中be动词的数遵循“就近原则”,eggs是名词复数,所以此处用aren’t。故选B。
(
考点三 There be 句型疑问句及回答
)
1. 一般疑问句
· 把be动词调整到句首,再在句尾加上问号即可。
· 当肯定句中有some时,要改为any(否定变化也一样)。
例如:There is some water on Mars.(改为一般疑问句)
→Is there any water on Mars?
There are some fish in the water.(改为一般疑问句)
→Are there any fish in the water?
· There be句型的回答
肯定回答:Yes, there is/are.
否定回答: No, there isn’t/aren’t.
2. 特殊疑问句
提问There be 句型的特殊疑问句形式有以下三种变化:
(1) 对主语提问:
①当主语是人时,用“Who”提问;
②当主语是物时,用“What”。
注意:无论原句的主语是单数还是复数,提问时一般都用be的单数形式,回答时根据实际情况来决定。
例1:There are many things over there.(对划线部分进行提问)
→What's over there?
例2:There is a little girl in the room.(对划线部分进行提问)
→Who is in the room?
(2) 对地点提问:提问地点用“Where is/are+主语”。
There is a computer on the desk.(对划线部分进行提问)
→Where is the computer?
(3) 对数量提问:
①How many+复数名词+are there+地点短语?
②How much+不可数名词+is there+地点短语?
例1:There are two chairs in the bedroom.(对划线部分进行提问)
→How many chairs are there in the bedroom?
There is some water in the bottle.(对划线部分进行提问)
→How much water is there in the bottle?
【考点再现】
—Is there a supermarket around the old street?
—________. I often go shopping there.
A.Yes, there is B.No, there isn’t C.Yes, there are D.No, there aren’t
思路点拨:例题主要考查There be 句型的一般疑问句。
句意:——老街附近有超市吗?——是的,有。我经常去那里购物。
考查there be句型的一般疑问句。根据“Is there a supermarket around the old street?”和“I often go shopping there.”可知,此处为there be句型,且应进行肯定回答,be动词为is,其肯定回答结构为“Yes, there is.”。故选A。
答案 A
(
考点四 There be 句型与have/has的区别
)
1. 结构不同:
There be + 名词 +其它.
主语 + have/has + 其它.
2. 意义不同
there be侧重表示“存在”
have/has侧重表示“持有/拥有”
3. 两者不可混用
(×) There is have ....
(×) There have are ....
试对比以下句子:
(1) There are some apples in the box.盒子里有一些苹果。
(2) We have some apples.我们有一些苹果。
(3) There is a dog under the desk.书桌下有一只狗。
(4) My mother has a dog.我妈妈有一只狗。
【考点再现】
Look, ___________ many restaurants in front of the bank.
A.has .B.have C.there is D.there are
思路点拨:例题主要考查There be句型与have/has的区别。
句意:看,银行前面有很多餐馆。
考查There be句型。根据“...many restaurants in front of the bank.”可知,银行前面有很多餐馆,需用there be句型,表示“某地有某物”。主语many restaurants是复数名词,be动词用are。故选D。
答案 D
1.We need some ________ and two ________.
A.bananas; cup of milk B.bananas; cups of milk C.banana; milk D.banana; milks
2.—I want to write a letter. Can you give me some ________, please?
—Sure. Here you are.
A.pen B.paper C.money D.note
3.—Could you give me _________ milk, Mum?
—Sorry, we only have ________ in the fridge.
A.any; two bottles of oranges B.any; two bottles of orange juice
C.some; two bottles of oranges juice D.some; two bottles of orange juice
4.—May I help you, sir?
—________, please.
A.Some beef and two glass of water B.Some beef and two glass of waters
C.Some beef and two glasses of water D.Some beef and two glasses of waters
5.—What can I do for you, sir?
—I’d like two ________. We all like them.
A.bowls of rices B.boxes of apples C.carton of milk D.glasses of oranges
6.There is only a little ________ in the fridge. That’s not enough for breakfast.
A.apple B.milk C.egg D.vegetable
7.How many ________ do you want for your hamburger?
A.piece of cheese B.pieces of cheeses C.pieces of cheese D.piece of cheeses
8.This is Mrs. Green. She is ________ mom.
A.Susan and Lily B.Susan and Lily’s
C.Susan’s and Lily D.Susan’s and Lily’s
9.The red dress on the chair isn’t ________. Her dress is yellow.
A.Lucy’ B.Lucy C.Lucy’s D.her
10.I played ping-pong with a friend of ________.
A.my B.mine C.her D.our
11.The two bags aren’t _______. They are _______.
A.ours; Lucy and Lily’s B.our; Lucy and Lily’s
C.our; Lucy’s and Lily’s D.ours; Lucy’s and Lily’s
12.This man in red is a friend of _______.
A.my father B.my father’s C.my fathers’ D.my fathers’s
13.—Is this ________ room, Bob?
—No. It is ________.
A.you; Tom and Jim’s B.your; Tom’s and Jim’s C.your; Tom and Jim’s
14.—Those tennis rackets are cool! Whose are they?
—They’re my ______. She plays tennis well.
A.father’s B.sister’s C.brother’s D.grandparents’
15.—Are there any students in the playground?
—________. All of them are in the classroom.
A.Yes, there are B.No, there aren’t
C.Yes, they are D.No, they aren’t
16.—Is there a blue pen on your desk?
—No, ________.
A.it is B.it isn’t C.there is D.there isn’t
17.—What’s in your bag?
—________ two books and a pen.
A.They’re B.There’re C.There have
18.There ________ a foreign teacher and some students talking about Chinese tea.
A.has B.have C.are D.is
19.There ________ a ruler and two erasers in the pencil case.
A.is B.are C.has D.have
20.— Will there ________ a football match on CCTV5 this evening?
— Yes. There ________ usually football matches on Sunday evenings.
A.have; are B.be; are C.are; have D.be; will be
真题感知
1.(2024·西藏·中考真题)________ father works in the police station.
A.Eric and Helen’s B.Eric and Helen C.Eric’s and Helen D.Eric’s and Helen’s
2.(2023·湖南邵阳·中考真题)—What animals did you see on the farm, Tom?
—I saw some ________.
A.rabbit B.ducks C.sheeps
3.(2023·湖南郴州·中考真题)My parents took me to the amusement park on ________ Day. There were so many exciting things to do there.
A.Children’s B.Children C.Child’s
4.(2023·湖南岳阳·中考真题)Yueyang is one of the top 10 most beautiful ________ in China this year.
A.city B.cities C.citys
5.(2022·西藏·中考真题)More and more ________ want to learn about Chinese culture.
A.Germans B.German C.Germany D.Germans’
6.(2022·湖南益阳·中考真题)Look! There are some ________ eating grass on the hill.
A.sheep B.cow C.horse
7.(2023·广西来宾·中考真题)—There are many ________ about this farm.
—Yes, lots of ________ are planted on it.
A.photo; potato B.photos; potatos C.photos; potatoes D.photoes; potatoes
8.(2023·广东清远·中考真题)I’m so hungry. Please give me ________ to eat.
A.three breads B.three pieces of breads C.three pieces of bread D.three piece of bread
9.(2023·湖南怀化·中考真题)________ room looks very clean.
A.Bob and Dave’s B.Bob’s and Dave’s C.Bob’s and Dave
10.(2023·湖南湘西·中考真题)—How much honey do we need?
—Let’s see. Two ________.
A.spoons of honey B.spoon of honeys C.spoons of honeys
11.(2023·广西百色·中考真题)Uncle Li has a farm, there are some________ on the farm.
A.chicken and sheep B.chickens and sheeps
C.chickens and sheep D.chicken and sheeps
12.(2023·西藏·中考真题)Walking along the river, I met a friend of ________.
A.fathers B.father’s C.father D.fathers’
13.(2022·湖南邵阳·中考真题)— Would you like some ________?
— Yes, madam.
A.egg B.juice C.milk teas
14.(2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·中考真题)The ________ is China’s national treasure. It’s a kind of cute animal that likes eating bamboo.
A.panda B.tiger C.elephant
15.(2024·吉林长春·中考真题)—There ________ many ancient Chinese poems in this book. Which one do you like best?
—Climbing a Tower by Wang Zhihuan.
A.are B.is C.were D.was
16.(2024·黑龙江绥化·中考真题)Look! There ________ some information about traffic rules in this book.
A.is B.are C.was
17.(2024·甘肃白银·中考真题)—Oh, no! Your brother left his umbrella at home. There ________ heavy rain this afternoon.
—Don’t worry, Mom. I’ll bring it to him.
A.was B.has been C.are D.will be
18.(2023·辽宁抚顺·中考真题)Look! There ________ some information about traffic safety in this book.
A.is B.are C.was D.were
19.(2023·西藏·中考真题)There ________ a clear lake in my city.
A.be B.am C.is D.are
20.(2023·江苏镇江·中考真题)There ________ many modern high-speed railways in Jiangsu and they help people travel easily.
A.is B.are C.was D.were
提升专练
1.There is a lot of ________ and three ________ on the table in the kitchen.
A.dumpling; chicken B.potatoes; eggplants
C.rice; chicken D.rice; eggplants
2.I saw several (几个) ________ there.
A.fox B.foxes C.foxs
3.There are four ________ and five ________ in the group.
A.Japanese; German B.Chinese; Japanese C.Germans; American
4.I want two ________.
A.cups of tea B.cup of tea C.cups of teas
5.—How far (多远) is it from your home to school?
—It’s only ten ________ walk.
A.minute’s B.minutes C.minutes’
6.—Why do you buy so ________?
—Because they’re cheap. You should get some too.
A.many tomatoes B.much bananas C.many bread D.much salt
7.—________ meat do you want, Mrs Wilson?
—Three and a half ________.
A.How many; kilos B.How many; kilo C.How much; kilos D.How much; kilo
8.—Good morning, Madam. Can I help you?
—Sure, I’d like ________ for cooking vegetables.
A.two cups of tea B.three pieces of bread C.five kilos of oil D.four bottles of milk
9.Would you like ________?
A.some orange juices B.any oranges juices C.any orange juices D.some orange juice
10.—Daniel, what would you like for your supper?
—I’d like to buy some _______ and two_______.
A.potatoes; kilos of beefs B.potato; kilos of beef C.tomatoes; kilos of beef D.tomato; kilos of beefs
11.Mr.Black is ________father.
A.Mary and Cindy B.Mary’s and Cindy C.Mary and Cindy’s D.Mary’s and Cindy’s
12.—Dad, is this ________ basketball?
—No, ________ is in that box.
A.Bill; his B.Bill’s; his C.Bill; he
13.—A beautiful farm!
—It’s my ________. And he has many animals on the farm.
A.uncle’s B.uncles C.uncles’
14.These are ________ mothers.
A.Tom’s and Jerry’s B.Tom and Jerry’s C.Tom’s and Jerry
15.There ________ a big park and some bookshops near my home.
A.has B.have C.is D.are
16.There ______ some old houses near my school last year.
A.is B.are C.was D.were
17.—What’s on the wall?
—________a guitar.
A.It is B.This is C.There is
18.There ________ a cartoon festival in Shanghai next Saturday.
A.is going to have B.will have C.have D.is going to be
19.How many members ______ in your reading group?
A.are there B.there is C.is there D.there are
20.—Is there a supermarket around the old street?
—________. I often go shopping there.
A.Yes, there is B.No, there isn’t C.Yes, there are D.No, there aren’t
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