话题15 自然生态与环保（6年5考）-【一战成名新中考】2025河北中考英语（人教版）·一轮复习·话题读写培优练优质课件PPT

英语 1 2 第一部分 话题读写练 ★范畴三 人与自然 话题15 自然生态与环保（6年5考） 3 【2022课标子主题】①天气与日常生活；②季节的特征与变化，季节与生 活；③身边的自然现象与生态环境；④常见的动物，动物的特征与生活环 境；⑤种植与养殖，热爱并善待生命；⑥中国主要城市及家乡的地理位置 与自然环境；⑦世界主要国家的名称、地理位置与自然景观；⑧人与自然 相互依存，绿色生活的理念和行为；⑨世界主要国家的地理位置，不同地 区的生态特征与自然景观；⑩热爱与敬畏自然，与自然和谐共生；⑪环境 污染及原因，环保意识和行为 【常考话题角度】①环保故事（2023、2021阅读B，2022 完形）；②自然 生态及保护（2024 阅读B，2023 阅读A）；③环保问题及措施 4 【教材单元链接】 人教 七下Unit 4 Why do you like pandas? 七下Unit 7 It's raining! 九全Unit 13 We're trying to save the earth! 冀教 七上Unit 7 Days and Months 七下Unit 6 Seasons 八下Unit 1 Spring Is Coming! 八下Unit 3 Animals Are Our Friends 八下Unit 7 Know Our World 八下Unit 8 Save Our World 5 话题核心词句 一、【自然生态】 1.villages and fields ____________ 2.light or heat ________ 3.four seasons of the year __________ 4.beautiful rainbows ____________ 5.wild giant pandas ____________ 6.fresh air ____________ 村庄和田野 光或热 一年四季 美丽的彩虹 野生大熊猫 新鲜的空气 6 7.cold places ____________ 8.clean drinking water ______________ 9.the Yangtze River ______ 10.a hillside village ______________ 11.the world's highest mountain ______________ 12.man's best friend ________________ 13.environmentally-friendly ________ 14.cause serious damage ______________ 寒冷的地方 干净的饮用水 长江 山坡上的村庄 世界最高的山 人类最好的朋友 环保的 造成严重损害 7 15.in the wild ________ 16.out of balance ______ 17.improve system __________ 18.a number of animals __________ 19.on top of the food chain ________________ 20.protect natural ecosystems __________________ 在野外 失衡 改善系统 许多动物 在食物链的顶端 保护自然生态系统 8 二、【环境问题及影响】 1.air/water/ocean/noise/light pollution ________________________ 2.climate change __________ 3.endangered animals __________ 4.dirty water ______ 5.waste water ______ 6.environmental problems __________ 7.greenhouse effect __________ 8.population growth __________ 空气/水/海洋/噪音/光污染 气候变化 濒危动物 脏水 废水 环境问题 温室效应 人口增长 9 9.human activity __________ 10.cut down trees ______ 11.throw litter/rubbish around ____________ 12.the leftover food ____________ 13.the heavy waste __________ 14.lead to ______ 15.die out ______ 16.in danger ____________ 17.take away ______ 人类活动 砍树 到处扔垃圾 剩下的食物 大量废物 导致 灭绝 处于危险中 带走 10 18.run out of __________ 19.lose their homes __________ 20.be harmful to ____________ 21.global warming __________ 22.deserts expanding __________ 23.have an influence on ______________ 用光，耗尽 失去家园 对……有害 全球变暖 沙漠扩张 对……有影响 11 三、【环保行动】 1.recycle __________ 2.reduce ____________ 3.call on ____________ 4.reduce the waste __________ 5.use cars less __________ 6.plant trees ______ 7.raise money ______ 8.develop laws __________ 回收利用 减少；降低 号召；呼吁 减少浪费 减少用车 种树 募捐 完善法律 12 9.save water __________ 10.garbage sorting __________ 11.environmental protection __________ 12.reuse shopping bags ________________ 13.low-carbon economy __________ 14.take measures/action ______________ 15.turn off the tap ____________ 16.attract one's attention ________________ 17.live a low-carbon life ____________ 节约用水 垃圾分类 环境保护 重复使用购物袋 低碳经济 采取措施/行动 关闭水龙头 吸引某人的注意 过低碳生活 13 18.control food waste ______________ 19.take action to avoid wasting food ______________________ 20.use both sides of the paper ______________ 21.develop new/clean energy resources ____________________ 22.prevent deserts from getting larger __________________ 23.take wooden chopsticks ______________ 24.use cloth bags instead of plastic bags for shopping ________________ __________ 控制食物浪费 采取行动杜绝食物浪费 使用纸的双面 开发新能源/清洁能源 阻止沙漠变得更大 使用木制筷子 使用布袋而不是塑料袋购物 14 ★话题词金句诵读 一、 nature 1.We can't live without nature. 没有大自然，我们就不能生存。 2.There is no better designer than nature. 没有比大自然更好的设计师了。 3.Nature is colorful, and people's life should be colorful. 大自然是丰富多 彩的，人们的生活应该是丰富多彩的。 4.We are members of nature. Let's protect our family! 我们是大自然的一 员，让我们保护我们的家庭！ 5.Man treats nature kindly, that is, he treats himself kindly. 人类善待自然， 就是善待自己。 15 6.Let's study nature, love nature and stay close to nature. 让我们学习自然， 热爱自然，亲近自然。 7.The earth is our mother. Flowers, grass, forests and trees are our brothers. Birds, beasts, insects and fish are our sisters. Mountains, rivers and seas are our family members. I love my family—the great Nature. 地球是我们的母亲。花、草、森林和树木是我们的兄弟。鸟、兽、虫、鱼 是我们的姐妹。山脉、河流和海洋是我们的家庭成员。我爱我的家——伟 大的自然界。 16 二、 environment 1.A beautiful environment makes you feel good. 一个美丽的环境使你心情 舒畅。 2.We won't have a home if we destroy the environment. 如果我们毁坏了 环境，我们将失去家园。 3.Protecting the environment means protecting ourselves. 保护环境就是保护 我们自己。 17 4.It's everyone's duty to love and protect the environment. 保护环境，人人 有责。 5.The earth is our home, and environmental protection depends on all of us. 地球是我们的家园，环境保护依靠我们所有人。 6.If we want to have a better life and a better world, we must pay more attention to our environment. 如果我们想拥有更好的生活和更好的世界， 我们必须更加关注我们的环境。 18 三、 save 1.Save water, save life. 节约用水，就是拯救生命。 2.Save the earth, save life. 拯救地球，就是拯救生命。 3.No one saves us but ourselves. 只有我们自己才能拯救我们。 4.Believe that even the smallest praise can save someone's life. 相信哪怕 是最小的赞美也能拯救一个人的生命。 5.Reuse, reduce, recycle! Save the world. 重复使用，减少（污染），回收 再用！拯救世界。 19 6.To save food, we shouldn't waste any of our food. 要节约食物，我们不 应该浪费任何食物。 7.Give a bowl of rice to a man, and you will feed him for a day. Teach him how to grow his own rice and you will save his life. 给人一碗米饭， 你只能供养他一天。教他如何种植他自己的大米，你将拯救他的一生。 20 话题阅读 Ⅰ.完形填空 You may have played Ant Forest. It is a game. Users collect “energy” to grow .their “trees” online. Amazingly, when this “energy” reaches a certain level, real . .1. . are planted in deserts by some organizations and companies! It seems that our country’s effort, along with India’s, has made a . .2. . world. A . .3. . by NASA in February showed that China and India have made the Earth greener over the past two years. Since 2,000, the Earth’s green 21 leaf area has . .4. . by over 5 million square kilometers. That’s as .large as the Amazon rainforest! NASA said this is . .5. . due to big tree-planting programs in both countries. “China and India cover only 9% of the planet's land area in vegetation（植被）, . .6. . they did one third of the increased greening for the whole world,” said Chi Chen, the study’s lead author and a researcher at Boston University. China was the . .7. . contributor（贡献者）, adding 25% of the increase, while India added 6.8%. .Over the past ten years, China has done a great job of greening the land. Since 1978, China has had a national forestation（植树造林）project . .8. . as the “Great Green Wall”. Trees have been .planted in thirteen provinces in Northern China to act as windbreaks（防风林）. With China’s success in forestation, the United Nations Environment Program .believes China is a good example for others to follow. “China is one of the most . .9. . countries in greening the desert. It also has . .10. . to share with the world,” said UNEP Executive Director Erik Solheim. 课标高频词句 1. reach a certain level _______________ 2. It seems that… _________ 3. make sth. adj. _____________ 4. success in… _______________ 5. a good example _____________ 达到一定的水平 似乎…… 使某物怎么样 ……方面的成功 一个好的榜样 24 1.( ) A. trees B. flowers C. rice D. grass 2.( ) A. richer B. younger C. greener D. cleaner 3.( ) A. plan B. study C. search D. surprise 4.( ) A. happened B. increased C. checked D. repeated 5.( ) A. quickly B. suddenly C. mostly D. shortly 6.( ) A. and B. so C. or D. but 7.( ) A. small B. main C. secret D. ancient 8.( ) A. known B. taken C. turned D. knocked 9.( ) A. necessary B. careful C. successful D. silent 10.( ) A. subjects B. visitors C. periods D. lessons √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ 25 Ⅱ.短文填空（2024广西改编） My name is Daniel. 1. ______ I was 7, I found some plastic bottles on a riverbank. I felt worried because I knew plastic bottles and other rubbish could be 2. ________ (harm) to animals in rivers. Now I have passed my 3. _________ (thirteen) birthday, and I work to keep rubbish out of rivers. The river is 4. _____ (bad) polluted with plastics and other rubbish. And I want to do something to stop 5. _____ (much) pollution. I do some river cleanups with others. We go along the riverbanks and find plenty of rubbish, such as 6. _______ (break) toys and plastic bags. Doing cleanups When thirteenth badly more broken harmful 26 7. ______ (make) me really happy. Last year, I set up the Cleanup Kids with 8. ___ (I) friends to call on kids all around the world to pick 9. ___ rubbish. People take 10. _______ (picture) of the rubbish and send them to us, so we can know how many pieces they 11. ______ (find) in the past. We will hit our goal of 1,000,000 pieces 12. __ the end of this month. We’re never too young 13. _________ (change) the world. Kids are 14. __ small part of the population, 15. ____ we are 100% of the future. my pictures found at a makes up to change but 课标高频词句 1. be polluted with ___________ 2. set up ___________ 3. call on ___________ 4. pick up rubbish _______ 5. hit one's goal _______________ 6. too +adj. to do sth. ___________________ 被……污染 成立；建立 号召；呼吁 捡垃圾 达到某人的目标 太……而不能做某事 28 Ⅲ.阅读理解 Passage 1[2024河北] The Hutuo River is the mother river of Shijiazhuang, the capital city of Hebei. About 20 years ago, it was dirty and almost dried up. Thanks to the government's work, it has become much cleaner. Wu Wenzhong, a 58-year-old villager, lives near the river. “My friends and I often played with water, swam and caught fish in it when I was a child. I liked catching fish best,” he said. He remembers that the villagers had to cross the river by boat at that time. But as time passed by, it 29 got dirty and started to dry up. To remediate（修复） the river, the government do a lot of things. They clean the river up and build levees（防洪堤）. They plant trees, grass and flowers to green the riverside. They set up fences （防护栏） and put up “No Swimming” signs along the river to protect people. They stop factories from putting waste water into the river. They keep an eye on the river to make sure it stays clean for the fish, birds and people who live nearby. They also have a long-term plan to keep the river in good condition. Now, there are more than 20 kinds of birds living around the river. It becomes a home for birds again. People can enjoy a day outdoors with the beauty of nature along the river. Wu and other villagers are happy to see the river looking good again. The Hutuo River's story shows that when people work together to take care of nature, good things can happen. 课标高频词句 1. thanks to _____________ 2. as time passed by _______________ 3. dry up ___________ 4. stop… from doing sth. _______________ 5. keep an eye on _________ 6. take care of ___________ 多亏了，由于 随着时间的流逝 枯竭；干涸 阻止……做某事 密切关注 照顾；照料 32 1.What was Wu Wenzhong's favourite activity when he was a child?( ) A. Boating. B. Swimming. C. Planting trees. D. Catching fish. 2.Which question can help readers know the main idea of Paragraph 3?( ) A. How does the river look? B. When do people green the riverside? C. Why is the river important? D. What do the government do for the river? √ √ 33 3.What do we know about today's Hutuo River?( ) A. Many birds live around it. B. Factories get water from it. C. Over 20 kinds of fish live in it. D. Villagers make boats near it. √ 34 Passage 2[2024云南] All around the world, buildings are going green! People are making green buildings. What does it mean to go green or to make a green building? A green building is designed（设计） in a way that is not harmful to the environment. The building uses energy, water, and other materials in ways that are good for the environment. When planning green buildings, architects（建筑师） must think about how to use energy, water, and materials in an environment-friendly 35 way. There are many ways to save energy. Architects can design buildings to use natural light. Buildings can also be made with solar or wind power to get energy from the sun or the wind. To save water, green buildings can have areas on the roofs to collect rainwater. Kitchens and bathrooms can have sinks（洗池） and toilets（马桶） that conserve water. As for the materials used to build the building, it is important to use materials that do not have chemicals that are harmful to the air or water. Recycled materials can also be used for buildings. Buildings around the world use all three of these ways to go green. An office building called CH2 in Melbourne, Australia, uses wind and solar power. A cultural center in London, England, is made from recycled train cars and is powered by solar and wind power. The Academy of Sciences building in California in the U.S. has recycled materials, solar energy, and a huge “living roof” of plants. A temple in Thailand is made out of one million recycled glass bottles! This is a good use of recycled material, and it also lets natural light into the temple. More and more green buildings are being built and they are making the world a better place! 课标高频词句 1. be harmful to ___________ 2. think about _____ 3. in an environment-friendly way __________________ 4. be made from ___________ 5. a good use of _____________ 对……有害 考虑 以一种环保的方式 由……制成 好好利用…… 38 1.What do we know about a green building?( ) A. It is usually painted green outside. B. It uses more materials than other buildings. C. It is designed by famous architects. D. It is built in an environment-friendly way. 2.Why do architects design buildings to use natural light?( ) A. To save energy. B. To save materials. C. To protect the plants. D. To protect the buildings. √ √ 39 3.What does the underlined word “conserve” probably mean?( ) A. Save. B. Boil. C. Clean. D. Produce. 4.How does the writer support the main idea of Paragraph 3?( ) A. By asking questions. B. By giving examples. C. By listing numbers. D. By explaining reasons. 5.What can be the best title for the text?( ) A. Designing Buildings B. Going Green C. Recycling Materials D. Using Energy √ √ √ 40 Ⅳ.阅读表达 In recent years, plastic pollution has become one of the most serious environmental problems around the world. Many countries have been looking for ways for a better future. On November 7, 2022, China started a “bamboo instead of plastic” activity with the International Network for Bamboo and Rattan（INBAR国际竹藤组织）. This will hopefully increase the use of green bamboo products and reduce（减少） plastic pollution. 41 Bamboo is a renewable natural resource（资源） of great value. Unlike trees which usually need so long time to fully grow, bamboo can be harvested（收割） in 3 to 5 years. As long as it is protected well, bamboo can be cut every year and doesn't have to be replanted. Bamboo can be used to make different kinds of products. These products can take the place of plastic products in many fields, such as packaging（包装）, building and daily things. Even a new bamboo washing machine has been invented in some poor areas where people don't have electricity or money to buy traditional washing machines. It uses the natural flow of the water as power to run the machine. It's believed that bamboo is a harmless material. It doesn't cause any pollution when it has to be thrown away. China is one of the countries with the richest bamboo resources in the world. The Chinese are a pioneer in the use of bamboo. Provinces Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Hunan and Guizhou have set up companies to produce and develop bamboo products. What's more, China is also sharing its technologies and experience to help other countries with rich bamboo resources. It is hoped that countries will work together for green development around the world. 课标高频词句 1. be used to do sth. ______________ 2. take the place of _____ 3. It is believed that… __________________ 4. the richest bamboo resources _________________ 5. what's more __________________ 被用来做某事 代替 人们认为/相信…… 最丰富的竹子资源 而且；更重要的是 44 1.When did China start the “bamboo instead of plastic” activity? ______________________ 2.Why did China start the “bamboo instead of plastic” activity? On November 7, 2022. ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ 3.What are the advantages of bamboo instead of plastic products? ________________________________________________________________ __________________ A renewable natural resource, shorter growth time than trees, a harmless material. To increase the use of green bamboo products and reduce plastic pollution./Because it hopes to increase the use of green bamboo products and reduce plastic pollution. 45 4.What is China sharing to help other countries with rich bamboo resources? ________________________________________________________________ ________________ 5.What's your opinion about using plastic products? ________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________ China's technologies and experience./China is sharing its technologies and experience. I'll stop using plastic products. They're harmful to our environment and our health.（开放性试题，言之有理即可） 46 话题写作 话题概述 分析河北及全国真题可知,此话题主要围绕人们对美好生活的向往和面 对环境污染现象展开，通过周围的环境污染问题，阐述如何改善环境、保 护环境，呼吁保护环境，人人有责。主要包含以下写作要点： ①保护环境的重要性及问题（importance & problems）；②正确做法 与建议（suggestions）；③期望与号召（call on）。 47 典例精选（2022辽宁鞍山改编） 你校对部分教科书进行了循环使用。上周三下午，你们班同学就“教 科书是否可以循环使用”展开了激烈的辩论。请你根据表格提示，以 “Should we recycle textbooks?”为题，写一篇短文简述这次辩论的情况， 并阐述自己的观点。 Agree save paper; protect the environment; develop our sense of responsibility… Disagree can't mark up books; can't make notes on books… Your opinion … 48 参考词汇： mark up 做标记； resource资源； responsibility责任 注意：（1）文中须包含提示的所有信息，可适当发挥。 （2）文中不得出现真实的地名、校名和人名。 （3）词数80个左右（开头已给出，不计入总词数）。 Should we recycle textbooks? Last Wednesday afternoon, our class discussed if we should recycle textbooks. Now, let me tell you something about it.___________________ ________________________________________________________________ 49 Step 1【细审题】 1.主题：_________________________ 2.要点：① ___________； ② ___________； ③ _________ 3.人称：阐述辩论结果时用 _________； 阐述自己的观点时用 _________ 4.时态：___________ 我们应该重复利用教科书吗 赞同的理由 反对的理由 你的观点 第三人称 第一人称 一般现在时 50 Step 2【搭框架】 结构 要点扩写 开头 点明主题：正文已给出 51 结构 要点扩写 中间 要点1：阐述赞同的观点及理由： ①（用on the one hand, agree to do sth. 造句） __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 一方面，我们班的一些学生同意循环使用教科书。 ②（用first of all, secondly, finally 衔接要点） __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ 首先，循环使用教科书可以节省纸张。其次，它可以保护环境。 最后，它还可以培养学生的责任感。 On the one hand, some students in our class agree to recycle textbooks. First of all, recycling textbooks can save paper. Secondly, it can protect the environment. Finally, it can also develop students sense of responsibility. 52 结构 要点扩写 中间 要点2：阐述反对的观点及理由： ③（用on the other hand, be against造句） _________________________________________________________ 另一方面，其他学生反对循环使用教科书。 ④（用because从句, prevent sb. from doing sth. 衔接要点） _________________________________________________________ 因为这样阻止学生在书上做记号。 ⑤（用another reason is that… 扩写要点） _________________________________________________________ 另一个原因是学生不能在书上做笔记。 On the other hand, other students are against recycling textbooks. Because it prevents students from marking up books. Another reason is that students can’t make notes on books. 53 结构 要点扩写 结尾 阐述自己的观点：（用in my opinion, as long as, form a good habit造句） __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 在我看来，教科书可以被循环使用。只要我们养成使用和循环使 用书籍的好习惯。 In my opinion, textbooks can be recycled as long as we form a good habit to use and recycle the books. 54 Step 3【成语篇】 Should we recycle textbooks? Last Wednesday afternoon, our class discussed if we should recycle textbooks. Now, let me tell you something about it. On the one hand, some students in our class agree to recycle textbooks. The reasons are as follows. First of all, recycling textbooks can save paper. Secondly, it can protect the environment. Finally, it can also develop students' sense of responsibility. On the other hand, other students are against recycling textbooks. Because it prevents 55 students from marking up books. Another reason is that students can't make notes on books. In my opinion, textbooks can be recycled as long as we form a good habit to use and recycle the books. 56 实战演练 一、写作佳句 1.浪费和污染变得越来越严重，这对我们的地球有不好的影响。 （which从句, have a… effect on） ________________________________________________________________ _______________________ 2.当我们去购物时，我们最好使用布袋而不是塑料袋。 （had better do, rather than） ________________________________________________________________ __________ Waste and pollution become more and more serious, which has a bad effect on our earth． We had better use cloth bags rather than plastic bags when we go shopping. 57 3.是时候让我们保护我们的地球，帮助建立一个绿色的家园。（it's time for sb. to do…） _______________________________________________________________ 4.如果每个人都为保护环境做出贡献，我们的城市将变得更加美丽。 （makes a contribution to） ________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________ It's time for us to protect our earth and help build a green home. If everyone makes a contribution to protecting the environment, our city will become much more beautiful. 58 5.To make our city greener, we should plant more trees and take part in more community activities to make our city greener.（用in order to和be supposed to结构进行升格） _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________ In order to make our city greener, we are supposed to plant more trees and take part in more community activities. 59 二、书面表达 假如你是育才中学的李华，你校正在开展主题为“环保小卫士”的英语征文 活动，请你以“How to Keep Our Environment Cleaner”为题，根据下面表 格提示写一篇英语短文投稿。 Problems can't use the waste well; always use plastic bags Ways reuse and recycle the waste; do a good job of garbage sorting Your advice … 60 注意：（1）短文中须包含表格提示的所有信息,可适当发挥。 （2）短文中不得出现真实的地名、校名和人名。 （3）词数80个左右（开头已给出，不计入总词数）。 提示词：garbage sorting（垃圾分类） How to Keep Our Environment Cleaner As we all know, environmental problems are becoming more and more serious. For example, ________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ many people can't use the waste well and always use plastic bags, which are bad for the environment. 61 ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ So it is important to keep our environment clean. But how can we realize the goal? Here is some advice on it. To start with, we should reuse and recycle the waste and do a good job of garbage sorting. What's more, we must realize the importance of keeping our environment cleaner. Besides, we should do what we can to keep our environment cleaner, such as saving water, riding bikes and using cloth bags. Last but not least, we should insist on doing it and never give it up halfway. $$