话题14 历史与社会（6年1考）-【一战成名新中考】2025河北中考英语（人教版）·一轮复习·话题读写培优练优质课件PPT

英语 1 2 第一部分 话题读写练 ★范畴二 人与社会 话题14 历史与社会（6年1考） 3 【2022课标子主题】①常见职业与人们的生活；②中外名胜古迹的相关知 识和游览体验；③家乡和社会的变迁，历史的发展，对未来的畅想；④社 会热点与国际事务；⑤交通法规，安全意识；⑥公共秩序与法律法规，个 人信息安全与国家安全意识 4 【常考话题角度】①事物发展（2019阅读D）；②历史故事 【教材单元链接】 人教 八上Unit 4 What's the best movie theater? 八上Unit 7 Will people have robots? 八下Unit 7 What's the highest mountain in the world? 九全Unit 5 What are the shirts made of ? 九全Unit 8 It must belong to Carla. 5 冀教 七上Unit 8 Countries around the World 七下Unit 2 It's Show Time 八上Unit 6 Go with Transportation! 八下Unit 4 The Internet Connects Us 九全Unit 3 Safety 九全Unit 7 Work for Peace 话题核心词句 一、【社会发展】 1.education ______ 2.medical ________ 3.traffic ______ 4.province ____ 5.policy ______ 6.past ________ 7.lifestyle __________ 教育 医疗的 交通 省 政策 过去的 生活方式 7 8.development ______ 9.population ______ 10.peaceful ________ 11.international ________ 12.set up __________ 13.daily life __________ 14.in public ____________ 15.the whole country ______ 16.local government __________ 发展 人口 和平的 国际的 开办;设立 日常生活 在公共场合 全国 当地政府 8 17.social media __________ 18.railway station ________ 19.enough food ____________ 20.main meal __________ 21.new laws ________ 22.old newspaper ________ 23.human beings ______ 24.a long history ____________ 25.useful information ____________ 社交媒体 火车站 足够的食物 主食/主餐 新法律 旧报纸 人类 悠久的历史 有用的信息 9 26.valuable things ______________ 27.national parks __________ 28.international matches __________ 29.World Health Organization ______________ 30.one of the biggest changes ________________ 31.popular among teens ______________ 32.have a warm discussion __________ 33.have something in common __________ 34.attract more tourists ______________ 有价值的东西 国家公园 国际比赛 世界卫生组织 最大的变化之一 受青少年欢迎 热烈讨论 有共同点 吸引更多游客 10 35.create more jobs __________________ 36.have too much influence on __________________ 37.provide an opportunity for ordinary people __________________ 38.play video games on the mobile phone ____________________ 39.make every effort to buy a house ________________ 40.make much of a difference to society ____________________ 创造更多就业机会 对……有太大影响 为普通人提供机会 在手机上玩电子游戏 尽一切努力买房 对社会有很大的影响 11 二、【社会安全与秩序】 1.accident ______ 2.danger ______ 3.dangerous ________ 4.risk ______ 5.safety ______ 6.permission ____________ 7.keep calm __________ 8.traffic lights ________ 事故 危险 危险的 冒险 安全 允许；准许 保持镇定 交通灯 12 9.traffic signs __________ 10.No food in the library.=Don't bring food to the library. _____________ _________ 11.No photos.=No taking photos.=Don't take photos. ____________ 12.No smoking.=Don't smoke. ____________ 13.follow the traffic rules ______________ 14.call for medical help ______________ 交通标志 禁止带食物到图书馆。 禁止拍照。 禁止抽烟。 遵守交通规则 呼叫医疗救助 13 三、【历史故事】 1.honor ______ 2.ancient ________ 3.traditional ________ 4.found __________ 5.historical ________ 6.unusual life ______________ 7.be proud of ____________ 荣幸 古老的 传统的 创立;创建 历史的 不寻常的生活 以……为傲 14 8.be born in ________ 9.be interested in ______________ 10.be familiar with stories ____________ 11.hard-working and talented ______________ 12.in the 1860s ________________ 13.by the age of 60 __________ 14.during the Song Dynasty ____________ 15.of great value __________ 出生在 对……感兴趣 对故事熟悉 勤奋且有天赋 在19世纪60年代 到60岁时 在宋代期间 极具价值 15 16.have a deep friendship ________________ 17.the rest of one's lifetime ______ 18.a well-known person in history __________________ 19.make great contributions to their country ____________________ 20.make a difference to ______________ 拥有深厚的友谊 余生 历史上有名的人物 对国家做出巨大贡献 对……有影响 16 ★话题词金句诵读 一、 country 1.No country, no home. 没有国，就没有家。 2.We are the masters of our country. 我们是国家的主人。 3.China is a great country with a long history. 中国是一个历史悠久的伟大 国家。 17 4.We should love our country above all. 我们首先应该热爱我们的国家。 5.The future will belong to those who are willing to work hard to make our country better. 未来属于那些愿意努力使我们的国家变得更好的人。 6.Don't ask what our country can do for you, ask what you can do for our country. 不要问我们的国家能为你做些什么，问问你能为我们的国家做 些什么。 18 二、 history 1.China has a long history of over 5,000 years. 中国有着5000多年的悠久 历史。 2.China is a country with a long and rich history. 中国是一个有着悠久而 丰富历史的国家。 3.It's amazing that China has progressed in such a rapid way. 中国发展如 此之快，真是令人惊叹。 4.History is full of examples of people who achieved success although they failed many times. 历史上有很多人成功的例子，尽管他们失败了很多 次。 19 5.As the saying goes: Yesterday is history, tomorrow is mystery, but today is a gift. 俗话说: 昨天已成历史，明天是未知的，而今天是一个礼物。 6.Many of history's greatest discoveries were made by curious people. 历 史上许多伟大的发现都是由好奇的人创造的。 7.The long history and colorful culture of China attract many foreigners to learn Chinese. 中国悠久的历史和丰富多彩的文化吸引了许多外国人学习 汉语。 20 8.The study of history can see the success or failure, learn the loss, know the prosperity. 学史可以看成败、鉴得失、知兴替。 9.History and culture are the soul of a city, and we should protect the city's historical and cultural heritage as we cherish our own lives. 历史文 化是城市的灵魂，要像爱惜自己的生命一样保护好城市历史文化遗产。 21 三、 change 1.Change is a law of life. 变化是生活的法则。 2.Small changes can make a big difference. 小小的改变会产生很大的影响。 3.Great changes have taken place in China. 中国发生了巨大的变化。 4.Change your thoughts and you can change your world. 改变你的思想， 你就能改变你的世界。 5.If you truly want to change your life, you must first be willing to change your mind. 如果你真地想改变你的生活，你首先要乐于改变你的想 法。 22 6.To improve is to change; to be perfect is to change often. 要提高就要改 变，要想完美，就要经常改变。 7.Your life doesn't get better by chance, but it gets better by change. 你的 生活不会因为偶然而变得更好，而是因为改变而变得更好。 8.Don't be afraid to change. You may lose something good, but you may gain something better. 不要害怕改变。你可能会失去一些好的东西，但你 可能会得到一些更好的东西。 23 话题阅读 Ⅰ.完形填空（2024石家庄28中二模改编） “Ladies and gentlemen, the time train has arrived at the terminal （终点站）!” After the train had stopped, I realized that I had come to the . .1. . 2035. Suddenly, I heard . .2. . calling my name. I turned around and found a robot waving to me. She told me that she would be my tour .guide during the trip. “ .3. . me and I will show you around the city!” she said. 24 Lots of criss-crossing airlanes（纵横交错的空中车道）caught my eyes .4. . I walked out of the train station. The robot explained that the new traffic system was designed by .famous engineers. It had solved the traffic . .5. . completely. I felt a little .6. . then, .so we made our way to a restaurant nearby. Just as I realized that there was no menu, a waiter began to . .7. . my body with a special instrument. It made me so .scared that I jumped out of my seat. The robot told me to calm down and explained that the machine was able to find out . .8. . dish suits my body most. At the end of the tour, we went to an amusement park. Amazingly, there were no rides at all. . .9. , everything was run .through virtual reality （虚拟现实）. I put on a VR head set and tried the roller coaster. It was so real that I could . .10. . my clothes wet with sweat（汗）by nervousness. We .finally returned to the train station. Just as I got on the train, I .heared a familiar（熟悉的）voice. I opened my .eyes to see my mom standing beside me. “Time to go to school now!” she said. 课标高频词句 1. show sb. around _______________ 2. make one's way to sp. _________ 3. so…that… __________________ 4. at the end of _____________ 5. put on __________________ 带某人四处参观 前往某地 如此……以至于…… 在……结束时 穿上；增加（体重） 27 1.( ) A. week B. month C. year D. hour 2.( ) A. anyone B. someone C. no one D. everyone 3.( ) A. Advise B. Stop C. Lead D. Follow 4.( ) A. as well as B. as soon as C. in order that D. as long as 5.( ) A. problems B. questions C. opinions D. instructions 6.( ) A. angry B. relaxed C. thirsty D. hungry 7.( ) A. put off B. look through C. take up D. set out 8.( ) A. why B. where C. which D. when 9.( ) A. Never B. Anyway C. Also D. scared 10.( ) A. smell B. sound C. taste D. feel √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ 28 Ⅱ.短文填空 According to some old Chinese stories, there once was 1. __ ancient emperor named Shennong. At that time, there was no medicine to treat illnesses. Many sick people could only wait 2. ___ death. To save his people, Shennong decided 3. _______ (find) and test out different plants. He and his men 4. ___ (set) out on a journey in search of medicinal plants. Each time the team found a new plant, Shennong would taste it 5. _______ (he). Some plants made him feel 6. ______ (sleep), some caused for to find set himself sleepy an 29 him to have a stomachache, and some made him tremble（颤抖）all over. 7. _____ Shennong searched and tested over a long time, he and his men discovered lots of 8. ________ (value) medicinal plants. As they 9. _________ (continue) their search, the team found a plant with small yellow flowers. Shennong picked 10. ___ one piece from the plant in order to taste it. He said, “It 11. _____ (look) like a medicinal plant. I have to test it, 12. __ some people may misuse it.” Suddenly, Shennong’s face turned pale and he fell to the ground After continued looks valuable up or 13. _______ (heavy). Even after he was given the 14. ______ (leaf) from other medicinal plants, he still lost his life. People covered him with 15. _________ (thousand) of flowers. From then on, they called him “the Emperor of Medicine”. heavily leaves thousands 课标高频词句 1. test out _____ 2. misuse v.& n. ___________ 3. turn pale _________ 4. cover… with… _______________ 测试 误用，滥用 变得苍白 用……覆盖…… 32 Ⅲ.阅读理解 Why is history important? Well, a famous writer from the 20th and 21st centuries named Michael Crichton once said, “If you don't know history, you don't know anything. You are like a leaf that doesn't know it is part of a tree.” But not everyone agrees. Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, from the 19th century, said, “The only thing we learn from history is that we learn nothing.” 33 History tells us about where we come from, what we did right, and where we messed up（搞砸）. It gives us warnings for the future and helps us move forward with knowledge. Even if we repeat mistakes,at least we can do it with our eyes open. As we move into the future together, it's important to know not only our own history but also the history of our neighbors around the world. It's better to understand a country through the eyes of its people. As editors and writers, we asked friends from different countries to recommend the best books about their nation's history. We also looked into our own country's past, remembering stories that meant something to us when we were growing up. This will give us different views on world history. You can take a quick trip through the history of England, from its earliest people to the 21st century. Learn about the unstable history of the US and Canada. Then, fly across the globe to hear stories from Kenya, South Africa, India, Australia, and the Philippines. The histories you'll read about will help you explore different parts of the world and different times in history. You'll hear the stories of different nations told by the people who know them best. 课标高频词句 1. move forward _________ 2. at least _____ 3. not only… but also… _________________ 4. different views on world history _____________________ 5. explore v. _____ 继续前进 至少 不仅……而且…… 对世界历史的不同看法 探索 37 1.创新考法 What does history really tell us?( ) ①Where you come from ②The things you did right ③The warnings for the future ④Your failures and mistakes ⑤Your success and achievements A. ①②③④⑤ B. ②③④⑤ C. ①②③④ D. ③④⑤ 2.How do editors and writers get their different views on world history?( ) A. From history books recommended by foreign friends. B. From stories during their childhood in other countries. C. By making all kinds of mistakes one after another. D. By looking into different countries' past carefully. √ √ 38 3.What's Paragraph 3 mainly about?( ) A. The direction of learning history. B. The way to understand a country. C. The things we learn from history. D. The differences between our country and other countries. 4.What does the underlined word “globe” mean in Paragraph 5?( ) A. Star. B. Moon. C. Planet. D. Earth. √ √ 39 5.What's the best title for the text?( ) A. The Different Stories from History B. The Importance of History C. Learning Something from History D. The Reason to Learn History √ 40 Ⅳ.阅读表达 China has a very long tradition of using coins and it was the first country to introduce paper money. Here, we take a look at the changes of money in China—its history, the ideas behind it, and the use of paper money. Cowrie shells Cowrie shells（贝壳） were first used as money in the Shang Dynasty. Cowrie shells were a kind of shells, and it can be seen in the 41 word—Bèi, which means things of great value. Cowrie shells continued to be used in some southwestern areas up to the Ming Dynasty. Cash coins It was back in the Western Zhou Dynasty that China started using metal coins. Chinese provided the technology for making the coins. People used different shapes of coins, like a shell, a knife, or a round thing. Then the Qin Dynasty Emperor Shihuangdi asked people to use the money in the same shape. Silver money The Chinese silver money was in the shape of a boat or shoe. Compared with coins, very few were produced, and they were made by hand. It appeared in the Spring-autumn Warring period and the use increased during the Song Dynasty. Silver and gold were long considered of similar value in China. 43 Chinese Paper money Paper money came into use in the Tang Dynasty. People found they didn't have difficulty carrying and using it anymore. Marco Polo, a famous Italian traveler, wrote about the use of paper money in his book, which led to the use of paper money in Europe. Nowadays, we use renminbi. As China became one of the world's centers of finance（金融） and trade in the early 21st century, renminbi is growing to be a kind of money used worldwide. Money makes it possible for people to connect with the world and create a better life. No matter what kinds of money they are, behind them lies the rich culture of China. 44 课标高频词句 1. of great value _____________ 2. provide v. _____ 3. compare with ___________ 4. have difficulty （in） doing sth. ______________ 5. lead to _____ 6. make it possible for sb. to do sth. __________________ 7. connect with ___________ 非常有价值的 提供 与……相比 做某事有困难 导致 使某人有可能做某事 与……联系 45 1.When were cowrie shells first used as money? ______________________ 2.What did the Qin Dynasty Emperor Shihuangdi ask people to do? ____________________________________________________ 3.What led to the use of paper money in Europe? ________________________________________________ In the Shang Dynasty. He asked people to use the money in the same shape. Marco Polo's book about the use of paper money. 46 4.What do these coins of different shapes and materials have in common? __________________________________________ 5.What do you think of the changes of money? ________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________ Behind them lies the rich culture of China. It's becoming much easier to carry and use. And it makes our life more convenient.（开放性试题，言之有理即可） 47 话题写作 [2024河北衡水二模]随着网络用语（Internet words）的日渐流行， “栓Q、YYDS、 juejuezi、尊嘟假嘟”等网络用语成为不少学生的口头禅， 甚至开始进入他们的书面作业。请你根据下面提示，用英语写一篇短文并 谈谈你的观点。 48 提示：（1）Reasons why students like using Internet words. （2）Bad influence of students' use of Internet words. （3）Your opinion… 注意：（1）文中须包含提示的所有信息，可适当发挥。 （2）文中不得出现真实的地名、校名和人名。 （3）词数80个左右（开头已给出，不计入总词数）。 49 With the increasing popularity of Internet words, more and more students like to use them frequently. Students are even starting to use Internet words such as “YYDS, juejuezi” in their homework.___________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ Why do the students do so? Because some students think the Internet expressions can make homework more interesting and more humorous. Doing homework will be more enjoyable for students if they use the Internet words. 50 ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ In fact, for students, using Internet words has a bad influence. On the one hand, some teachers might not know what the Internet words mean, so they might get angry and give students low scores. On the other hand, too much use of the Internet words will affect the students' abilities to learn the correct ways of expressing languages. In my opinion, students shouldn't use Internet words. Our Chinese language is rich. Why not learn to use beautiful expressions? $$