命题点7 主谓一致-【一战成名新中考】2025广西中考英语（译林版）·一轮复习·精讲册优质课件PPT（讲册）

英语 1 第二部分 语法专题精讲练 专题一 动词 命题点7 主谓一致（2022版课标仅作理解要求） 2 考点精讲 在英语句子中, 谓语受主语支配, 谓语必须与主语在人称和数上保持 一致, 这就叫主谓一致。循其规律, 大致可归纳为三个原则：语法一致原 则、意义一致原则和就近原则。 3 考点1 语法一致原则 主 语 谓语 例 句 不可数名词 单数 Water is important to everyone. 水对每个人都很重要。 可数名词单数及第三人称 单数 The young man is from Paris. 那 位年轻人来自巴黎。 one of+可数名词复数/复数 代词 One of the books is boring. 这些书里有一本很无聊。 4 主 语 谓语 例 句 either, neither, each, every或no +单数名 词 单数 Each person has a new book. 每 个人都有一本新书。 复合不定代词 Everybody has a chance to win. 每个人都有机会赢。 动词不定式（短语）、动 名词（短语）或从句 What he said is very meaningful. 他说的话很有意义。 5 主 语 谓语 例 句 the number of+可数名词复 数 单数 The number of the apples is12. 苹果的数量是十二。 a number of+可数名词复 数 复数 A number of books were given to the poor students. 许多书被捐 给了那些贫穷的学生。 6 主 语 谓语 例 句 可数名词复数、人称代词 复数及第二人称单数you 复数 The children were in the classroom two hours ago. 那些孩 子们两个小时前在教室里。 and或both…and… 连接的 名词 Both Jenny and Kate are my friends. 詹妮和凯特都是我的好朋 友。 7 主 语 谓语 例 句 主语后面跟有with, together with, except, but, like, as well as, rather than, including等 取决于主 语的数 The mother, together with her three sons, was happy. 这位妈妈 和她的三个儿子都很开心。 8 主 语 谓语 例 句 分数/百分数+of+名词 取决于名 词的数 60% of the students in our class are girls. 我们班百分之六十的学 生是女生。 a lot of/lots of/plenty of/the rest of+ 名词 A lot of people are in the classroom. 许多人在教室里。 9 考点2 意义一致原则 意义一致就是概念一致, 即谓语动词的形式要和主语所表达的概念一致。 主语 谓语 例句 表示重量、度量、时间、 长度、价格等的词或短语 单数 Two meters is not as high as you think. 两米不像你想得那么高。 the+姓氏复数/the+姓氏 +family, 表示“……一 家；……夫妇” 复数 The Smiths have decided to go to Kunming for holiday. 史密斯一家人已 经决定去昆明度假了。 the+形容词, 表示一类人 复数 The young are energetic. 年轻人很有 活力。 10 注意 1.某些集体名词, 如family, class, team等作主语时, 如果作为一个整体看待, 谓语动词要用单数形式；如果强调其中的成员, 要用复数形式。如： His family is going to move to Beijing. 他家将搬到北京。 The whole family are looking forward to the holiday. 全家人都在期待假 期。 11 2.由（both…）and连接的两个名词指不同的人时, 谓语动词用复数形式 （语法一致）；由and连接的两个名词指同一个人时, 谓语动词用单数形式 （意义一致）。如： The boy and the girl were surprised when they heard the news. 这个男 孩和这个女孩听到这个消息时都很惊讶。 The writer and actor has come. 这位作家兼演员已经来了。 12 3.一些形式为复数, 意思为单数的名词, 如：trousers, pants, shorts, glasses 等作主语时, 谓语动词用复数。但当这类名词前有a pair of修饰时, 谓语 动词应用单数。如： Her glasses are new. 她的眼镜是新的。 This pair of glasses is hers.这副眼镜是她的。 13 考点3 就近原则 就近原则指谓语动词的形式不与主语一致, 而和靠近它的名词或代词 一致。 （1）由either…or…, neither…nor…, not only…but（also）…, not…but… 或or连接两个并列主语时, 谓语动词和距其较近的主语在数上保持一致。 如： Either Jimmy or I am going to give a speech. 要么吉米要么我将做一个 演讲。 14 （2）在There be…和Here be…这两个句式中, be动词常与距其最近的主 语在数上保持一致。如： Here is a book and two notebooks for you. 这里有给你的一本书和两个 笔记本。 15 考点精练 易错点专练 1.One thousand kilometers ___ quite a long way to the ancient, but now we can complete the journey in about one hour by air. A. was B. had C. were 2.—Look! A woman with three children___ crossing the street. —Let's help them. A. are B. is C. am √ √ 16 3.There are many books in the library and the number of them ___ increasing. A. is B. are C. was 4.Tom's family ________ a big one. And his family ________ together to have a big dinner at the Mid-Autumn Festival every year. A. is; gets B. are; gets C. is; get √ √ 17 5.As far as I know, two fifths of the land in this area ___ with trees and grass. A. covers B. are covered C. is covered 6.The poet and artist ___ going to tell the students about Chinese literature and painting tomorrow. A. is B. are C. was 7.Neither Rachel nor I ___ interested in talk shows. We both like game shows. A. are B. am C. is √ √ √ 18 8.[2020北部湾经济区Ⅱ卷改编]Both Mike and his sister Lucy ___ good at Chinese. A. is B. am C. are 9.—What's your plan for the coming Dragon Boat Festival？ —Most of us ___ ready to make zongzi. A. is B. are C. have 10.—Using public chopsticks ___ necessary when eating with others. —That's right. A. is B. are C. am √ √ √ 19 11.Eighty percent of the students in this school___ three to five times a week. A. exercises B. exercise C. exercising 12.Not only good sleep but also enough exercise___ necessary for students' physical health. A. is B. are C. am √ √ 20 $$