Unit3 On the move Using language课件-2024-2025学年高中英语外研版（2019）必修第二册

Unit 3 On the move Using language P29 to-infinitive used as attributive and adverbial of result ◆语法感知 1.That football is such a simple game to play is perhaps the basis of its popularity. 2.It is fun enough to attract millions of people. 3.Football has become one of the best ways for people to communicate. 1.句1和句3中的动词不定式作 。 2.句2中的动词不定式作 。 定语 结果状语 Tell the functions of to-infinitive. 3.That football is such a simple game that people play is perhaps the basis of its popularity. Which is better? Why? 1&2. Because they are more concise. 1.That football is such a simple game to play is perhaps the basis of its popularity. 4.It is so fun that it attracts millions of people. 2.It is fun enough to attract millions of people. to-infinitive as attributive and adverbial of result 动词不定式由“to+动词原形”构成。这里的是不定式标志，无意义，有时可省略。 否定式“not to +动词不定式”。不定式既有名词、形容词或副词的某些语法功能，又有动词的时态和语态的特点及作用。 一、to-infinitive as attributive 动词不定式作定语 不定式作定语，一般作后置定语，与被修饰的名词或代词之间是主谓关系、动宾关系、同位关系或修饰关系。 1.不定式作定语，要放在被修饰词的后面。 I want to get something to read during the vacation. 假期里我想找点书读。 2.不定式与所修饰词之间的关系 ①主谓关系 被修饰的名词或代词实际上是不定式的逻辑主语。 ＊We need someone to help with the work. (someone will help with the work) 我们需要有人来帮忙做这项工作。 ②动宾关系 被修饰的名词或代词是动词不定式的逻辑宾语。 ＊I have many letters to write.(to write many letters) 我有许多信要写。 ③同位关系 不定式与所修饰的名词指的是一回事。 ＊We have made a plan to learn from Lei Feng. 我们制订了一个向雷锋学习的计划。 ④状语关系 被修饰的名词实际上表示动词不定式动作的方式、时间等。这些名词是抽象名词。 ＊That's the way to do it. 那样做才对。 ＊I have no time to go there. 我没有时间去那儿。 3. 不定式与其所修饰的词构成逻辑上的动宾关系，而该不定式为不及物动词时,其后就带一个结构或含义上所需要的介词，构成及物动词短语。 I am looking for a room to live in. 我正在找个房间住。 I need a piece of paper to write on. 我需要一张写字用的纸。 There is nothing to worry about. 没什么可担心的。 不定式作定语且所修饰的名词是time,place或way时，不定式后的介词一般要省去。 He had no money and no place to live. 他没有钱也没有地方住。 4.什么时候用不定式作定语 (1)表将来 I borrowed some books to read during my holiday. 我借了一些书在假期里读。 (2)某些抽象名词后面常用不定式作定语。常见的该类名词有：plan, ability, chance, idea, hope, wish, promise, attempt, way等。 ①Please give me a chance to explain. 请给我一个解释的机会。 ② Is this the best way to help him? 这是帮助他的最佳方式吗？ ③They made a decision to put off the meeting until next week. 他们做出了把会议推迟到下个星期的决定。 ④He expressed his wish to visit the Great Wall. 他表达了参观长城的愿望。 ⑤He made a promise to be a good boy. 他许诺要做一个好孩子。 ⑥There is no need to build a dam on the small river. 没有必要在这条小河上筑坝。 ⑦In our country，everyone has the right to go to school. 在我们国家，每个人都有上学的权利。 3.当被修饰的名词或代词是the first，the last，the only, 序数词等， 或不定式修饰的名词前面有序数词、最高级时，被修饰词为不定式动词的执行者时用to do(主动式)，被修饰词为不定式动词承受者时用to be done(被动式)。 ① The newspaper reporter was the last to walk out of the cave. 那位报社记者是最后一个走出山洞的。 ② This is the third question to be discussed. 这是要讨论的第三个问题。 ③ In my family, my mother is always the first one to get up. 在我家，妈妈总是第一个起床的人。 1. She is always the first ________(come). 2. I was too excited ______(say) a word. 3. She reached the airport , only _________(tell) the plane had already taken off. 4. The boy is old enough _______(take ) care of himself. 5. I don`t think him to be the best man ______(do ) the job because he is very careless. 6. He is always the first ________(bear) hardships and the last_________(enjoy) comforts. 7. He lifted a stone only _______(drop) it on his own feet. 直击高考 to come to say to be told to take to do to bear to enjoy to drop 1.不定式做结果状语，常与learn, find, see, hear, make等动词连用。 to-infinitive as adverbial of result 例：He returned home to learn his daughter had just been engaged. 他回家后得知女儿刚刚订婚了。 2.only+不定式，常常表示出乎意料的结果。 例：I hurried to Professor Wang's house only to find he was out. 我匆忙赶到王教授家，却发现他外出了。 3. so＋形容词/副词＋as to do　如此…以至于… such＋形容词＋名词＋as to do　如此…以至于… ①She was so angry as to be unable to speak. 她气得连话都说不出来。 ②I am not such a fool as to believe a cheat. 我还没有傻到相信一个骗子。 ③He is so kind as to help the old lady off the bus. 他是如此善良以至于帮助这位老人下车。 不定式短语作状语可以转化为相应的状语从句。结果不定式so(such)...as to相当于结果状语从句so(such)...that...。 The boy isn’t old enough to go to school. ＝The boy is too young to go to school. 这个男孩年龄太小以至于不能去上学。 4. enough＋名词＋to do　足够…… 名词/形容词/副词＋enough＋to do　足够…… 5. too＋形容词/副词＋to do　太……以致不能…… The Californian ship arrived too late to save more people. 加利福尼亚号来得太晚，没能挽救更多的人。 不定式的时态和语态 1）不定式的一般形式所表示的动作 ，通常与 谓语的动作（状态）同时（或几乎同时）发 生，或是在它之后发生。 例： I saw him go out. 2）如果谓语表示的动作发生时，不定式表示的 动作正在进行，这时要用进行时。 例：I am very glad to be working with you. 3）如果不定式的动作发生在谓语动词之前，就 要用完成时。如： 例：I’m sorry to have kept you waiting so long. 4）当不定式逻辑上的主语是这个不定式所表示 的动作的承受者时，不定式一般要用被动形式。 例：He asked to be sent to work in the countryside. 1. It is frightening ______________(walk) in the road in a sandstorm. I hope I reach home soon. 2. Experts hope _______ (learn) more about the movement of sandstorms. 3. I’d like ____________ (tell) about the situation before now. 4. The work needs _______________ (complete) by the end of the week. 5. My father was out of the city when the sandstorm came. He was very glad________________(miss) it. 6. Anxiously, she took the dress out of the package and tried it on, only _______ (find) it didn't fit. 7.These facts are enough (prove) that she is right. to be walking to learn to have told to be completed to have missed to find Exercises:Ⅰ.单句语法填空 to prove 8.I was watching the clock all through the meeting, as I had a train (catch). 9.You lose weight for a while, only (gain) back more weight when you stop your weight loss program. 10.As the famous saying goes, “It is never too late ________ (learn).” 11.I paid a visit to Jason last night, only (tell) he had gone to Beijing on business. 12.There are still many problems ___________(solve) before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon. to catch to be told to gain to learn to be solved 1.He told me that he had no pen in composition class. 他告诉我在作文课上他没有写字用的钢笔。 2.I have an important meeting next month. 我下个月有一个重要会议要出席。 3.Every day he made one of the smaller animals bring him . 他每天让一个小动物给他带来一些吃的东西。 4.Out of breath, Andy and Ruby were the first _______the top of the mountain. 上气不接下气，Andy 和Ruby 首先到达了山顶。 Ⅱ.完成句子 to write with to attend something to eat to reach 5.We have made a plan Lei Feng after discussing. 讨论后我们制定了一个向雷锋学习的计划。 6.She decided to work harder the others. 她决定更加努力学习以赶上别人。 7.I have no chance with so much work to do. 有这么多工作要做，我没有机会外出观光。 8.The best way is to bury yourself in your work. 忘掉悲伤的最好方法是将自己投入到工作中去。 9.I was very glad the homeless woman. 帮助了那位无家可归的妇人，我感到非常高兴。 10.We arrived in Beijing, that the flight to Guangzhou had been cancelled because of weather conditions. 我们到了北京，结果发现去广州的航班由于天气状况被取消了。 to catch up with to go sightseeing to forget your sadness to learn from to have helped only to find 1. The rules of the game are so simple. They make the game easy to play. 2. The ball is small enough. It fits into most sports bags. 3. Give me a list of the teams. They can enter the competition. P29 Exercises: Join the sentences using the to-infinitive form. The rules of the game are simple enough to make the game easy to play. The ball is small enough to fit into most sports bags. Give me a list of the teams to enter into the competition. 4. The football has a dream. He wants to play for a top team. 5. We arrived at the stadium. We found that the game had been canceled. Join the sentences using the to-infinitive form. The footballer has a dream to play for a top team. We arrived at the stadium to find that the game had been canceled. Are you looking for a sports watch that can help you keep track of your fitness and chart your training progress? Whether you`re a professional athlete or keen sportsperson, DX Sports Watch is the ideal choice for you. It has a digital display that records your steps, speed and distance , as well as monitoring your heart rate and calories burnt. It also has a voice control setting that enables you to stay hands-free, while its waterproof band is fully adjustable so that it is comfortable to wear. DX Sports Watch is only available online, so go to our website and place your order today! P29 Exercises: Rewrite the underlined parts using the to-infinitive form. to help you keep track of to record your steps, speed and distance to enable you to stay hands –free to be comfortable to wear P30:Exercise you can do anywhere pull-up skipping push-up jogging sit-up plank 1 You have to keep your body still. This develops your core muscles and strengthens your lower back. 2 This develops your chest and shoulder muscles. Remember to keep your back completely straight. 3 Using only a rope, you can develop your footwork and balance. It's good for your heart and you'll burn a lot of calories without going anywhere! 4 Find a bar that will support your weight. This builds strgenth in your upper body, especially in your arms and back. 5 This develops the muscles in your stomach region and improves the way you stand. 6 This gives you improved heart and lung function. It also helps build strong leg bones. plank push-up skipping pull-up sit-up jogging $$