精品解析：北京市第二中学2024-2025学年高三上学期12月月考英语试题

北京二中2024—2025学年度高三年级12月月考试卷 英语 第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I’d been exploring the 40-hectare woods around our cottage my whole life and I knew the way well. So it was a shock when I found myself lost there. One dull cold February afternoon, I had a sudden ___1___ to hike the hill with my two daughters. Putting on our snowshoes, we immediately ___2___ northwestward. While making our way up the hill, my daughters stopped occasionally to investigate unknown plants and to look at the abandoned deer beds... These really made their day. As the shadows started to ___3___, we moved further up. Soon, weariness began to ___4___ enthusiasm. We decided to return. Instead of backtracking over our ___5___ route, I chose to walk down the steep side of the hill, ___6___ my general sense that ahead of us lay the stream that would guide us to the road. But as the terrain (地形) leveled out, I had my first major moment of doubt: Where was the stream? Were we off course? I instinctively pulled out my phone to get my location, but it died in my hand in the cold air. ___7___, I started feeling a bit panicky. However, I quickly ___8___ myself, reassuring my daughters to continue walking. Focusing on the landmarks, I spotted a familiar tree and eventually ___9___ the road. That winter’s day taught me a valuable lesson about habitual reliance on technology. If my phone had worked then, I might have directly followed the GPS, ignoring the old _____10_____ of depending on surroundings and life skills. 1. A. discovery B. response C. worry D. urge 2. A. escaped B. drove C. headed D. looked 3. A. lengthen B. swing C. emerge D. fade 4. A. fuel B. witness C. overlook D. outpace 5. A. original B. rough C. offbeat D. roundabout 6. A. appreciating B. trusting C. envisioning D. assessing 7. A. Reportedly B. Admittedly C. Seemingly D. Surprisingly 8. A. exposed B. composed C. defended D. behaved 9. A. got off B. laid down C. came across D. made out 10. A. theory B. standard C. practice D. routine 【答案】1 D 2. C 3. A 4. D 5. A 6. B 7. B 8. B 9. D 10. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者与两个女儿在徒步探险时迷路，最终依靠自身对环境的观察和生活技能找到出路的故事。 【1题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个寒冷阴沉的二月下午，我突然有一种和两个女儿一起爬山的冲动。A. discovery发现；B. response回应；C. worry担心；D. urge强烈的愿望，冲动。根据前文“a sudden”和后文“to hike the hill with my two daughters”可知，作者想和两个女儿一起去爬山，这是一种突然产生的强烈愿望或冲动。故选D项。 【2题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：穿上雪鞋，我们立即向西北方向进发。A. escaped逃跑；B. drove驾驶；C. headed朝向，进发；D. looked看。根据前文“to hike the hill with my two daughters”和“Putting on our snowshoes”可知，作者想和两个女儿一起去爬山，所以穿上雪鞋后，他们应该是向某个方向进发。故选C项。 【3题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着影子开始变长，我们继续往上爬。A. lengthen变长；B. swing摇摆；C. emerge出现；D. fade褪色。根据前文“One dull cold February afternoon”可知，此时是下午，随着太阳逐渐西下，影子会变长。故选A项。 【4题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：很快，疲惫开始超过热情。A. fuel供给燃料；B. witness目击；C. overlook俯瞰；D. outpace超过。根据前文“weariness”和后文“We decided to return.”可知，他们开始感到疲惫，且疲惫战胜了登山的热情，所以准备返回了。故选D项。 【5题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们没有沿着原路返回，而是选择从陡峭的山坡走下去，相信我们前面的小溪会指引我们走到路上。A. original最初的，原来的；B. rough粗糙的；C. offbeat不按常规的；D. roundabout迂回的。根据前文“ Instead of”和后文“I chose to walk down the steep side of the hill”可知，作者选择从陡峭的山坡走下去，没有沿着原来的路返回。故选A项。 【6题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们没有沿着原路返回，而是选择从陡峭的山坡走下去，相信我们前面的小溪会指引我们走到路上。A. appreciating欣赏；B. trusting相信；C. envisioning设想；D. assessing评估。根据前文“I chose to walk down the steep side of the hill”和后文“my general sense that ahead of us lay the stream that would guide us to the road”可知，作者相信前面的小溪会指引他们走到路上，所以选择走陡峭的山坡。故选B项。 【7题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：不可否认，我开始有点惊慌失措。A. Reportedly据报道；B. Admittedly不可否认，的确；C. Seemingly看来，似乎；D. Surprisingly令人惊讶地。根据前文“I instinctively pulled out my phone to get my location, but it died in my hand in the cold air.”可知，作者的手机在冷空气中没电了，无法确定位置，所以不可否认，他开始有点惊慌失措。故选B项。 【8题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，我很快让自己冷静下来，安慰我的女儿们继续走。A. exposed暴露；B. composed使镇定；C. defended辩护；D. behaved表现。根据后文“reassuring my daughters to continue walking”可知，作者先让自己冷静下来了，再安慰女儿们。故选B项。 【9题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我专注于地标，发现了一棵熟悉的树，最终辨认出了路。A. got off下车；B. laid down放下；C. came across偶遇；D. made out辨认出。根据前文“I spotted a familiar tree”可推知，作者发现了一棵熟悉的树，所以最终辨认出了路。故选D项。 10题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我的手机当时能用，我可能会直接跟着GPS走，而忽略了依赖环境和生活技能的古老做法。A. theory理论；B. standard标准；C. practice通常做法；D. routine常规。根据前文“I might have directly followed the GPS”和后文“depending on surroundings”可知，作者可能会直接跟着GPS走，而忽略了依赖环境之类的古老做法。故选C项。 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） A 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Smart campus is an emerging trend that allows educational institutions to combine smart technologies with physical infrastructure for improved services, decision making, campus sustainability etc. In recent years, various solutions ____11____ (adopt) on campus levels such as smart classrooms, digital libraries, taking students attendance through smart card and so forth. By embracing a smart campus strategy, institutions can help ensure they stay sustainable and ____12____ (competition), enhancing the experience for students, faculty, administrators, and researchers, as well as for the surrounding community ____13____ they coexist. 【答案】11. have been adopted 12. competitive 13. where 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇新闻报道，介绍了智能校园这种新兴流行的趋势及其带来的优势。 【11题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句意：近年来，各种解决方案已被采用在校园层面，如智能教室，数字图书馆，通过智能卡让学生出勤等。空处作谓语，根据In recent years可知，句子为现在完成时，主语solutions与adopt构成被动关系，用现在完成时的被动语态，主语solutions为复数，助动词用have。故填have been adopted。 【12题详解】 考查形容词。句意：通过采用智能校园战略，机构可以帮助确保它们保持可持续和竞争力，提高学生、教师、管理人员和研究人员以及它们共存的周围社区的体验。空处与sustainable并列，用形容词作表语，表示“有竞争力的”用competitive。故填competitive。 【13题详解】 考查定语从句。句意同上。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为community，作从句的地点状语，用关系副词where引导从句。故填where。 B 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 The 15th China International Aviation and Aerospace Exhibition, commonly known as Airshow China 2024,____14____ (conclude) on November 17 in Zhuhai, south China’s Guangdong Province. Over six days, the event served as a platform to showcase China’s cutting-edge advancements in aviation, aerospace, and defense technology,____15____ (highlight) the nation’s rapid progress in innovation, openness, and international collaboration.____16____ live demonstrations, interactive displays, and expert panels, attendees gained insights into the technological innovations the global aerospace industry. From cutting-edge fighter jets to groundbreaking space exploration technology, the show provided a unique opportunity ____17____(experience) advancements that are shaping the future of global aviation. 【答案】14. concluded 15. highlighting 16. Through 17. to experience 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇新闻报道，介绍了第十五届中国国际航空航天博览会的相关信息。 【14题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：第十五届中国国际航空航天博览会，俗称2024中国航展，于11月17日在中国南部广东省珠海市落下帷幕。conclude意思为：结束，此处作谓语，根据on November 17可知，描述过去的事情，用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填concluded。 【15题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在为期六天的活动中，该活动作为一个平台，展示了中国在航空、航天和国防技术方面的前沿进步，突出了中国在创新、开放和国际合作方面的快速进步。served为谓语动词，空处与前一句无连词连接，为非谓语动词，作状语，the event与highlight构成逻辑上的主动关系，用现在分词。故填highlighting。 【16题详解】 考查介词。句意：通过现场演示、互动展示和专家座谈，与会者深入了解了全球航空航天行业的技术创新。根据live demonstrations, interactive displays, and expert panels可知，空处缺少介词，表示方式，用through，放在句首，首字母大写。故填Through。 【17题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：从尖端战斗机到开创性的太空探索技术，这次展览提供了一个独特的机会来体验正在塑造全球航空未来的进步。空处修饰opportunity作后置定语，用不定式结构。故填to experience。 C 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Evan Kail, an American pawnshop owner, received a warm welcome in China during his first visit. This visit follows his donation of an album containing photos that document the crimes ____18____(commit) by Japanese invaders during World War Ⅱ in China. After donating the album to the Chinese Consulate General in Chicago, he received a surprising gift, an exquisite porcelain tea jar, which represents China’s profound friendship and high ____19____(recognize). “This incident has had a significant influence on me. I’ve received great positivity from so many of you in China and all over the world, and that’s really ____20____ matters the most.” 【答案】18. committed 19. recognition 20. what 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇新闻报道，讲述了美国人埃文·凯尔（Evan Kail）在向中国捐赠二战期间日本侵略者犯下罪行的照片之后来中国旅行的事迹。 【18题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这次访问之前，他捐赠了一本相册，里面有记录二战期间日本侵略者在中国犯下罪行的照片。空处修饰the crimes，作后置定语，crimes与commit构成逻辑上的被动关系，用过去分词。故填committed。 【19题详解】 考查名词。句意：在将画册捐赠给中国驻芝加哥总领馆后，他收到了一份令人惊喜的礼物——一个精致的瓷质茶罐，这代表着中国的深厚友谊和高度认可。空处与friendship并列，用名词作宾语，recognize对应的名词为recognition，意思为：认可。故填recognition。 【20题详解】 考查名词性从句。句意：我收到了来自中国和全世界很多人的积极评价，这才是最重要的。空处引导表语从句，从句缺少主语，表示“……的事情”，用连接代词what。故填what。 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分） 第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Side hustles for college students deliver spending money while still offering the flexibility that a full class schedule requires. Take class notes One side hustle for college students involves taking notes in class and selling them. Three sites — StudySoup, NexusNotes and Stuvia — offer attractive pay for uploading and selling class notes to other students at your university. Each has its own pay formula. But you usually get a bonus when someone signs up to get access to your notes, plus a payment for each set of notes that sell. Students say they can earn $250 to $500 per class, per semester. Because this job requires taking great class notes, you’re likely to do better in school. Become a tutor Many younger students have fallen behind academically as they struggled with distance learning. That opens an opportunity for those who have mastered a subject, from high school algebra to Spanish, to teach that subject to others. A number of tutoring platforms allow you to sign up and tutor online or in person. Some of the best: Wyzant, Varsity Tutors, and, for those who want to teach music, LessonFace. Be a survey taker The best option in this category is a site called Prolific, which helps researchers find pre-screened survey participants. What makes this site better than most is that it asks you to answer qualifying questions — age, income, family status, etc. — in advance. Then, the site sends you only the surveys that you’re qualified to take. You’re given an estimate of the time it will require to take each survey and how much it pays. You decide whether it’s worth your time. Charge scooters Big campuses are often littered with electric scooters and bikes that can be unlocked and ridden around campus. Riders can drop the scooters just about anywhere. So scooter companies, such as Bird and Lime, enlist “chargers” and “juicers” to pick them up, charge them overnight and return them to a designated area early the next morning. If you have a late class, there are two benefits to signing up to charge. First, you earn between $5 and $20 for each scooter you return fully charged. You also get to ride the scooters home for free, which isn’t a bad way to get back to your dorm. 21. Which site allows one to get paid by uploading their class notes? A. Prolific. B. LessonFace. C. Wyzant. D. StudySoup. 22. What may make Charge scooters attractive? A. It pays riders for charging scooters. B. It provides more benefits for students. C. It offers a means of free transportation. D. It helps solve litter problem on campus. 23. The passage mainly introduces ________. A. methods to do better in school B. job options for college students C. after-class activities for students D. ways to meet a full class schedule 【答案】21. D 22. A 23. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四份适合大学生的兼职。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据Take class notes部分“Three sites — StudySoup, NexusNotes and Stuvia — offer attractive pay for uploading and selling class notes to other students at your university. (studsoup、NexusNotes和Stuvia这三个网站为上传和出售课堂笔记给你所在大学的其他学生提供了诱人的报酬)”可知，四个选中只有StudySoup允许通过上传课堂笔记来获得报酬。故选D项。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据Charge scooters部分“If you have a late class, there are two benefits to signing up to charge. First, you earn between $5 and $20 for each scooter you return fully charged. You also get to ride the scooters home for free, which isn’t a bad way to get back to your dorm.(如果你有晚课，报名充电有两个好处。首先，每还一辆充满电的小型摩托车，你就能赚5到20美元。你还可以免费骑摩托车回家，这是回宿舍的好方法)”可知，Charge scooters吸引人的地方是它会给为小型摩托车充电的骑车人付钱。故选A项。 【23题详解】 主旨大意题。通过全文，并结合第一段“Side hustles for college students deliver spending money while still offering the flexibility that a full class schedule requires.(适合大学生的兼职，既能得到零用钱，又能保证完整课程表所要求的灵活性)”可知，本文主要介绍了四份适合大学生的兼职。故选B项。 B Agnes de Mille was a dancer and a choreographer (编舞). Early in her career, de Mille had created the choreography for a ballet called Three Virgins and a Devil. She thought it was good work, but nobody made much of it. A few years later, de Mille choreographed a ballet named Rodeo. Again, she thought her work was solid, but it resulted in little commercial fame. Then, in 1943, de Mille choreographed Oklahoma!, a musical show that enjoyed nearly instant success. In the coming years, Oklahoma! would run for an incredible 2,212 performances, both around the nation and abroad. In 1955, the film version won an Academy Award. But the success of Oklahoma! didn’t bring her much happiness. She thought that her work on Oklahoma! was only average compared to some of her other creations. She later said, “After the opening of Oklahoma!, I suddenly had unexpected success for a work I thought was only fairly good, after years of neglect for work I thought was fine. I began to think that perhaps my entire scale of values was untrustworthy. I talked to Martha.” Martha was Martha Graham, perhaps the most influential dance choreographer of the 20th century. Although not as well-known by the general public, Graham has been compared to other creative geniuses like Picasso or Frank Lloyd Wright. During their conversation, de Mille told Martha Graham about her frustration. “I confessed that I had a burning desire to be excellent, but no faith that I could be.” Graham responded by saying: “There is a vitality, a life force, an energy, a quickening that is translated through you into action, and because there is only one of you in all of time, this expression is unique. And if you block it, it will never exist through any other medium and it will be lost. The world will not have it. It is not your business to determine how good it is nor how valuable nor how it compares with other expressions. It is your business to keep it yours clearly and directly, to keep the channel open.” 24. What can be learned about de Mille’s ballet named Rodeo? A. It earned her a large fortune. B. It didn’t enjoy much success. C. It made her rise to fame overnight. D. It laid a solid foundation for her career. 25. How did de Mille feel about the great success of the musical Oklahoma!? A. Confused. B. Ashamed. C. Relieved. D. Proud. 26. Which of the following statements best represents Graham’s words in this passage? A. Comparing with others prevents you from maintaining uniqueness. B. Your action reveals the inner landscape, which is the soul of music. C. Choosing to be positive is going to determine how you live your life. D. You should always keep yourself open to the urges that motivate you. 【答案】24. B 25. A 26. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了Agnes de Mille在其所编的舞蹈Oklahoma获得成功之后，由于无法理解为什么之前她自认为更好的作品没有受到肯定，她对自己的世界观产生了怀疑。她和也许是20世纪最有影响力的舞蹈编舞的Graham讲述了自己的挫败感，Graham告诉她要对一切的激励保持开放的心态。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“A few years later, de Mille choreographed a ballet named Rodeo. Again, she thought her work was solid, but it resulted in little commercial fame.(几年后，德米尔编舞了芭蕾舞剧Rodeo。同样，她认为她的作品是可靠的，但这导致了很少的商业名声)”可知，德米尔编的芭蕾舞Rodeo并没有获得多少成功。故选B。 【25题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“But the success of Oklahoma! didn’t bring her much happiness. She thought that her work on Oklahoma! was only average compared to some of her other creations.(但是Oklahoma!的成功没给她带来多少快乐。她认为她在Oklahoma!上工作和她的其他作品相比，只是中等水平)”及“I began to think that perhaps my entire scale of values was untrustworthy.(我开始想，也许我的整个价值观都是不可信的)”可推知，自己不看好的作品却大受欢迎，这一点让德米尔感到不理解和困惑。故选A。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“There is a vitality, a life force, an energy, a quickening that is translated through you into action, and because there is only one of you in all of time, this expression is unique.(有一种活力，一种生命力，一种能量，一种加速，通过你转化为行动，因为在所有时间里只有一个你，这种表达是独一无二的)”及“It is not your business to determine how good it is nor how valuable nor how it compares with other expressions. It is your business to keep it yours clearly and directly, to keep the channel open.(判断它的好坏、价值或是与其他表达方式相比如何，都不是你的分内事。你的分内事是清楚而直接地保持它的所有权，保持沟通的渠道畅通)”可知，Graham认为应该让内在的行动力驱动自己，并保持开放的状态，D选项“你应该总是让自己对那些激励你的冲动保持开放”符合他话里的意思。故选D。 C For the arts “to mean more, to more people,” as Arts Council England (ACE) argues that they should, would be excellent. Music, drama, dance, visual arts, poetry and literature are among the most precious human achievements. To live in a country in which these are more widely shared and enjoyed would be proof that we are making progress. The point is not to entertain or educate people, or bring communities together. Nor is it all about boosting jobs and investment. Imagination has intrinsic (内在的) value, and research carried out by ACE in the course of preparing its 10-year strategy showed that people from all walks of life value and get pleasure from cultural activities. Positioning itself as a development agency, ACE will now hope to win government backing for a change of direction that orients it away from the biggest and most prestigious national institutions and towards the towns, villages and grassroots organizations that should be similarly deserving of attention. There, it envisions a role for itself “building the identity and prosperity of places,” bringing professional artists together with voluntary groups, particular in areas that have previously not been well represented on the cultural map. ACE’s chair, Sir Nicholas Serota, quotes the first world war centenary (百年纪念) project devised by the artist, Jeremy Deller, and theatre director, Rufus Norris, as the model of what he wants his organization to be about. By dressing up volunteers as soldiers, and orchestrating their encounters with members of the public in settings across England, the artists succeeded in “dissolving the barriers between artists and audiences.” The emphasis on participation — on culture as something that more people should actually do — is newer. This is the difference between being in a play or a band and buying tickets to watch them, and for ACE to play a more active role in promoting the former would be beneficial. This begins in childhood, and ACE clearly hopes that the government will think again about policies that have seen music, drama and other arts subjects systematically downgraded in favour of science, technology and maths. To what extent the vision is realized will depend in part on whether ACE’s ambitions catch the government’s interest sufficiently to influence the upcoming spending review, and provide a counterweight to the scorn (轻视) that is regularly poured on the humanities. Around £400m has been cut from local government arts budgets since 2010, and ACE cannot plug this gap. The closure of youth clubs and live music venues, and growing financial pressures linked to the property market, are among other reasons for this worrisome narrowing of opportunities. So far Boris Johnson has offered few signs that he has in mind a starring role for the arts in post-Brexit Britain, although 2022’s Festival of Brexit is one such event. ACE’s plan should boost the profile of all those, in government and outside, who are arguing for more. 27. The purpose of making arts available to more people is to __________. A. enlighten people from all walks of life B. consolidate various communities C. create job opportunities for artists D. maximize the natural value of art 28. According to the passage, ACE is most likely to promote the arts of ___________. A. national institutions B. commercial centers C. local governments D. towns and villages 29. Which of the following statements would Sir Nicholas Serota most probably agree with? A. Audiences with little education can also gain pleasure from cultural activities. B. Artists and audiences can create and enjoy the arts together without barriers. C. The soldiers and volunteers should vividly show scenes about the First World War. D. Science, technology and maths are more important than humanities and arts nowadays. 30. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. For the arts to get revitalized more extensive efforts are needed. B. The current British government has done enough to promote arts. C. ACE should narrow the financial gap left by the local government. D. Many performing venues have closed due to the rising property market. 【答案】27. D 28. D 29. B 30. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章论述了ACE希望艺术面向更多人，以及ACE为推动艺术发展所做的努力。ACE主席希望艺术能够消除艺术家和观众之间的障碍，让更多人参与其中，ACE还希望政府能够重视艺术，为艺术发展提供支持。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“For the arts “to mean more, to more people,” as Arts Council England (ACE) argues that they should, would be excellent. Music, drama, dance, visual arts, poetry and literature are among the most precious human achievements. To live in a country in which these are more widely shared and enjoyed would be proof that we are making progress.”（正如英格兰艺术委员会(ACE)所主张的那样，艺术“对更多人意味着更多”是非常好的。音乐、戏剧、舞蹈、视觉艺术、诗歌和文学是人类最宝贵的成就之一。生活在一个这些艺术被更广泛分享和享受的国家将证明我们正在取得进步。）可知，ACE认为让更多人接触到艺术是非常好的，因为艺术是人类最宝贵的成就之一，生活在一个艺术被广泛分享和享受的国家，证明了这个国家正在取得进步。由此可知，让更多人接触到艺术的目的是最大化艺术的自然价值。故选D。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Positioning itself as a development agency, ACE will now hope to win government backing for a change of direction that orients it away from the biggest and most prestigious national institutions and towards the towns, villages and grassroots organizations that should be similarly deserving of attention.”（作为一个发展机构，ACE现在希望赢得政府的支持，以改变其方向，使其远离最大和最负盛名的国家机构，转向同样值得关注的城镇、村庄和基层组织。）可知，ACE希望将艺术推广到城镇、村庄和基层组织。故选D。 【29题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“ACE’s chair, Sir Nicholas Serota, quotes the first world war centenary (百年纪念) project devised by the artist, Jeremy Deller, and theatre director, Rufus Norris, as the model of what he wants his organization to be about. By dressing up volunteers as soldiers, and orchestrating their encounters with members of the public in settings across England, the artists succeeded in “dissolving the barriers between artists and audiences.”（ACE主席Nicholas Serota爵士引用艺术家 Jeremy Deller 和戏剧导演 Rufus Norris设计的第一次世界大战百年纪念项目，作为他希望自己组织成为什么样的榜样。通过让志愿者装扮成士兵，并在英格兰各地的环境中安排他们与公众的相遇，艺术家们成功地“消除了艺术家和观众之间的障碍。”）可知，ACE主席Nicholas Serota爵士希望ACE能够像第一次世界大战百年纪念项目一样，消除艺术家和观众之间的障碍，让艺术家和观众能够一起创造和享受艺术。故选B。 【30题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“To what extent the vision is realized will depend in part on whether ACE’s ambitions catch the government’s interest sufficiently to influence the upcoming spending review, and provide a counterweight to the scorn (轻视) that is regularly poured on the humanities.”（这一愿景在多大程度上得以实现，将在一定程度上取决于ACE的雄心是否足以引起政府的兴趣，从而影响即将到来的支出审查，并制衡人们对人文学科的蔑视）以及“So far Boris Johnson has offered few signs that he has in mind a starring role for the arts in post-Brexit Britain, although 2022’s Festival of Brexit is one such event. ACE’s plan should boost the profile of all those, in government and outside, who are arguing for more.”（到目前为止，Boris Johnson几乎没有迹象表明他打算在英国脱欧后的英国扮演主角，尽管2022年的英国脱欧节是这样一个事件。ACE 的计划应该会提高政府内外所有主张更多的人的形象。）可知，ACE 的计划能否实现，部分取决于ACE的雄心是否能引起政府的兴趣，从而影响即将到来的支出审查，并为经常被轻视的人文学科提供一个平衡。ACE的计划应该会提高政府内外所有主张更多的人的形象。由此可知，要使艺术得到振兴，需要更广泛的努力。故选A。 D We have been defending humanities for many decades now, but the crisis of the humanities only grows. In the face of declining student interest and mounting political scrutiny (审查), universities and colleges are increasingly putting humanities departments on the chopping block. As a humanist, I am prepared to admit that I do not know what the value of the humanities is. I once asked the best teacher I ever had why she no longer taught her favorite novel, and she said that she stopped teaching a book when she found she was no longer curious about it. The humanistic spirit is, fundamentally, an inquisitive one. In contrast, defenses of the humanities are not — and cannot be — conducted in an inquisitive spirit, because a defensive spirit is inimical to an inquisitive one. Defensiveness is, it must be admitted, an understandable response when the chopping block is brought out and you need to explain why you shouldn’t be on it, which requires their participants to pretend to know things that they do not actually know. Nonetheless, we should be alert to the danger of becoming accustomed to putting our worst foot forward. An atmosphere of urgency and calls for immediate action are hostile to fields of study like literature and philosophy that require a reflective mood, and the pretense (假装) of knowing what one doesn’t actually know is hostile to forms of inquiry that demand an open mind. A defensive mindset also encourages politicization. If the study of literature or philosophy helps to fight sexism or to promote democracy—and everyone agrees that sexism is bad, and democracy is good — then you have your answer as to why we shouldn’t cut funding for the study of literature or philosophy. Politicization is a way of arming the humanities for its political battles, but it comes at an intellectual cost. Why is sexism so bad? Why is democracy so good? Politicization silences these and other questions, whereas the function of the humanities is to raise them. Humanists are not alone in their ignorance about the purpose of their disciplines. But scientists are under a lot less pressure to explain why they exist because the society at large believes itself to already have the answer to that question. If at some point I am called on to defend the study of Homer or Descartes at some official hearing, I will do my best, but I will not run to battle; the battle will have to come to me. The task of humanists is to invite, to welcome, to excite, to engage. And when we let ourselves be ourselves, when we allow the humanistic spirit that animates us to flow out not only into our classrooms but also in our public-self presentation, we find we don’t need to defend or prove anything: We are irresistible. 31. What is the author’s main concern regarding the crisis in humanities? A. The pressure on humanists to argue for the value of their disciplines. B. The mounting political scrutiny faced by humanities departments. C. People’s little knowledge regarding the purpose of humanities. D. Students’ lack of interest in studying humanities courses. 32. What does the word “inimical” underlined in Paragraph 3 most probably mean? A. immune. B. relevant. C. sensitive. D. contrary. 33. What can be inferred about a defensive mindset? A It brings about a lower chance of survival for humanities. B. It requires a reflective mood on the study of humanities. C. It leads to a compromise on human’s intellectual depth. D. It is the worst action to take in the face of the crisis. 34. Which of the following might the author most probably agree? A. The battle of humanities is a hard one to fight. B. The future of humanities remains cloudy. C. Science is more useful than humanities. D. Humanities may not need any defense. 【答案】31. A 32. D 33. C 34. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要讨论了人文学科所面临的危机，以及对人文学科的辩护。 【31题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Humanists are not alone in their ignorance about the purpose of their disciplines. But scientists are under a lot less pressure to explain why they exist because the society at large believes itself to already have the answer to that question.(并非只有人文主义者对自己学科的目的一无所知。但科学家们在解释它们为什么存在的压力要小得多，因为整个社会都相信自己已经找到了这个问题的答案)”可知，科学家们的压力要比人文主义者的压力小，因为他们在解释自己学科目的的压力要比人文主义者解释自己学科目的的压力小，所以人文学科危机的主要关注点是人文主义者为他们学科的价值而争论的压力。故选A。 【32题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句中的“In contrast, defenses of the humanities are not — and cannot be — conducted in an inquisitive spirit, (相比之下，为人文学科辩护不是——也不可能——以一种好奇的精神进行的)”可推知，辩护精神和好奇精神应该是对立的，所以划线词意思是“对立的，相反的”，与contrary意思一致。故选D。 【33题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Defensiveness is, it must be admitted, an understandable response when the chopping block is brought out and you need to explain why you shouldn’t be on it, which requires their participants to pretend to know things that they do not actually know.(必须承认，当砧板被拿出来，你需要解释为什么你不应该在砧板上时，防御性是一种可以理解的反应，这需要参与者假装知道他们实际上不知道的事情)”和第四段中的“An atmosphere of urgency and calls for immediate action are hostile to fields of study like literature and philosophy that require a reflective mood, and the pretense (假装) of knowing what one doesn’t actually know is hostile to forms of inquiry that demand an open mind.(紧迫的气氛和立即采取行动的呼吁对文学和哲学等需要反思情绪的研究领域是敌对的，假装知道自己实际上不知道的东西对需要开放心态的探究形式是敌对的。)”可知，参与者假装知道他们实际上不知道的事情，这与人文学科需要开放心态的探究形式相敌对，由此可推测出，防御心态可导致人类智力深度的妥协。故选C。 【34题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“And when we let ourselves be ourselves, when we allow the humanistic spirit that animates us to flow out not only into our classrooms but also in our public-self presentation, we find we don’t need to defend or prove anything: We are irresistible.(当我们让自己成为自己，当我们让激励我们的人文精神不仅流入我们的课堂，而且流入我们的公开自我展示时，我们发现我们不需要捍卫或证明任何事情：我们是不可抗拒的。)”可知，作者认为人文学科可能不需要任何辩护。故选D。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Bedtime Rituals At the end of a long day, you might want to collapse in front of the TV and watch an episode of your favorite show. ____35____ Settling down with a cup of lemon tea or reading a book can tell your body it’s time to sleep. If you turn these activities into a ritual— that is, if you do them every night around the same time — you will be all the more likely to get the rest you need. A bedtime ritual is important not only because it prepares you for sleep but also because it helps establish healthy sleep habits. If your current habits don’t support good sleep, a bedtime ritual can help you make necessary changes.____36____ Worry can make it hard to fall asleep at night, but for some people, anxiety at bedtime is common. Rituals can provide comfort by offering predictability and structure. Some rituals, such as journaling, might also relieve anxiety by giving the writer a fresh perspective or sense of meaning. ____37____ Consider trying several bedtime rituals before settling on a consistent routine. What’s important is figuring out what works for you. Start out with two or three activities according to your needs and preferences. If you enjoy exercise and movement, try yoga or gentle stretching. If you find comfort in order, create a to-do list for the next day.____38____ Whether your bedtime ritual takes place in bed or somewhere else, make sure your environment is relaxing. Wear comfortable clothes or pajamas, curl up under a cozy blanket, and keep the lights low.____39____ A. Bedtime rituals can also help you reduce anxiety. B. There’s no fixed format for the perfect bedtime ritual. C. Then when the time comes to fall asleep, you’ll be ready. D. For adults, bedtime rituals typically last 30 minutes to an hour. E. If classical music calms you, turn on some Bach or Mozart enjoying a bath. F. But engaging in some bedtime activities could actually help you sleep better. G. Evidence indicates that people who read a book in bed have better sleep quality. 【答案】35. F 36. A 37. B 38. E 39. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了睡前仪式以及它的重要性。 【35题详解】 前文“At the end of a long day, you might want to collapse in front of the TV and watch an episode of your favorite show.(在漫长的一天结束时，你可能想瘫在电视机前看一集你最喜欢的节目)”表明一天结束时的一些放松方式，后文“Settling down with a cup of lemon tea or reading a book can tell your body it’s time to sleep.(喝杯柠檬茶或读一本书可以告诉你的身体该睡觉了)”表示睡前可以进行的一些活动，F选项“但参加一些睡前活动实际上可以帮助你睡得更好”与前文进行转折，引出了下文的一些睡前活动，承上启下。故选F。 【36题详解】 前文“If your current habits don’t support good sleep, a bedtime ritual can help you make necessary changes.(如果你现在的习惯不支持良好的睡眠，睡前习惯可以帮助你做出必要的改变)”讲述睡前习惯的重要性，A选项“睡前习惯也可以帮助你减少焦虑”提到了睡前习惯的另外一个重要性，与前文语境相符。且与下文“Worry can make it hard to fall asleep at night, but for some people, anxiety at bedtime is common.(担心会让人晚上难以入睡，但对一些人来说，睡前焦虑是很常见的)”语境一致。故选A。 【37题详解】 空处引出下文。下文“Consider trying several bedtime rituals before settling on a consistent routine. What’s important is figuring out what works for you. Start out with two or three activities according to your needs and preferences.(在确定一个固定的作息时间之前，可以考虑尝试几个睡前仪式。重要的是弄清楚什么适合你。根据你的需要和喜好，从两到三个活动开始)”可知，本段讲的是根据你的需要和喜好确定一个睡前仪式，即没有一个固定的模式。结合选项，B选项“完美的睡前仪式没有固定的模式”总结该段内容。故选B项。 【38题详解】 前文“If you enjoy exercise and movement, try yoga or gentle stretching. If you find comfort in order, create a to-do list for the next day.(如果你喜欢锻炼和运动，试试瑜伽或温和的伸展运动。如果你喜欢井井有条，那就为第二天列一个待办事项清单)”列举了两种方式，E选项“如果古典音乐能让你平静下来，那就打开巴赫或莫扎特的音乐，享受沐浴”同样为if引导的条件状语从句，结构一致，且内容也为列举的一种方式。故选E。 【39题详解】 前文“Wear comfortable clothes or pajamas, curl up under a cozy blanket, and keep the lights low.(穿舒适的衣服或睡衣，蜷缩在舒适的毯子下，把灯调暗)”表示睡前准备过程，C选项“然后到了睡觉的时候，你就准备好了”为上文内容的语意递进，上下文语意连贯。故选C。 第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分） 第一节 阅读表达（共4小题；第40、41小题各2分，第42小题3分，第43小题5分，共12分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 When 16-year-old Violet Brill looks out her window, she doesn’t see only grass and trees—she sees a great meal. Her father, famous plant expert Steve “Wildman” Brill, carried her along on his foraging(觅食)tours from the time she was a little girl. In the past decade or so, a renewed interest in foraging for edible(可食用的) plants has begun to appear—an interest that has truly blossomed recently. “I think we’ve had a lot of time to get outdoors, and look around,” says Adele Nozedar, author of Foraging for Kids. “There is rapid growth in foraging in the past year.” Kids are natural-born foragers. Take them out into the woods and they’ll happily gather fallen leaves, or root around in the undergrowth for hidden treasures. Foraging is definitely a gateway to nature. Kids learn quickly that it’s not just a bunch of green stuff outside. All those plants have a purpose. And by encouraging a love of nature, foraging also encourages a love of the environment. “Having a strong connection to the land means you’re more likely to protect it,” says Dave Hamilton, author of Family Foraging. “And you can’t get much more connected to the land than eating from it.” Plus, foraging brings good news for parents of picky eaters: When kids search for and pick their own food, they’re more likely to be invested in it. Foraging for wild edibles encourages kids to try new, nutritious foods—especially kids who tend to turn their noses up at the vegetables on their plates. For instance, Hamilton remembers taking a group of boys camping and asking them to gather enough lambsquarters for dinner. They came back with three days’ worth of the greens, which he turned into a pesto(青酱). “They absolutely loved it,” he says. “There’s something empowering about finding your own food, especially for kids.” 40. What interest has begun to appear recently? 41. According to Dave, what is the benefit of foraging? 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Parents of picky eaters welcome foraging because the foraged foods are new and nutritious. 43. In addition to the benefits mentioned in this passage, what do you think are some other benefits of foraging? (In about 40 words) 【答案】40. An interest in foraging for edible plants has begun to appear recently. 41. Foraging can encourage kids to protect the environment. 42. According to the passage, foraging brings good news for parents of picky eaters because it encourages kids to try new, nutritious foods. 43. Foraging together with family can lead a more harmonious relationship between parents and children. 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了寻找野生食物活动的好处。 【40题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第二段“In the past decade or so, a renewed interest in foraging for edible(可食用的) plants has begun to appear—an interest that has truly blossomed recently.(在过去十年左右的时间里，人们对寻找可食植物的兴趣重新燃起，这一兴趣最近才真正兴起)”可知，最近人们开始对可食用植物感兴趣。故答案为An interest in foraging for edible plants has begun to appear recently。 【41题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第五段中Dave说的话“Having a strong connection to the land means you’re more likely to protect it(与土地有紧密的联系意味着你更有可能去保护它)”可知，寻找野生食物活动的好处是可以鼓励孩子们保护环境。故答案为Foraging can encourage kids to protect the environment。 【42题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第六段“Foraging for wild edibles encourages kids to try new, nutritious foods—especially kids who tend to turn their noses up at the vegetables on their plates.(寻找野生食物会鼓励孩子们尝试新的营养食品，尤其是那些对盘子里的蔬菜嗤之以鼻的孩子)”可知，“Parents of picky eaters welcome foraging because the foraged foods are new and nutritious.”中“because the foraged foods are new and nutritious”是错误的，挑食者的父母喜欢寻找野生食物这种方式是因为可以让孩子尝试新鲜的有营养的食物。故答案为According to the passage, foraging brings good news for parents of picky eaters because it encourages kids to try new, nutritious foods。 【43题详解】 开放题。本题为开放性试题，要求考生结合文章根据自己的见解进行作答，言之有理即可。供参考：Foraging together with family can lead a more harmonious relationship between parents and children（与家人一起寻找野生食物可以使父母和孩子之间的关系更加和谐）。 【点睛】 第二节（20分） 44. 假定你是红星中学学生李华，擅长绘画。你想参加在英国举办的主题为“最美家乡”画展活动。给相关负责人Jim投稿，要点如下： 1.作品介绍； 2.参展理由。 注意：1.词数100左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Jim, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Jim, I’m Li Hua, a student from Hongxing High School with a passion for painting. I’m excited about the “Most Beautiful Hometown” painting exhibition in the UK and would love to contribute my work. My painting, “Hongxing’s Serenity”, depicts the stunning scenery of my hometown. It features the surrounding green mountains, a sparkling river, and colorful houses. The blend of dynamic and soft colors expresses the peace and beauty of Hongxing, which I deeply cherish. I believe my artwork fits the exhibition’s theme well, as it showcases the unique charm of my hometown and reflects my deep connection to it. I hope to inspire others to appreciate the beauty of their own hometowns. Thank you for considering my submission. Sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以红星中学学生李华的身份，向英国“最美家乡”画展活动的负责人Jim投稿，介绍自己的作品及参展理由。 【详解】1.词汇积累 激情：passion → enthusiasm 极美的：stunning → magnificent/beautiful 景色：scenery → landscape 独特的：unique → distinctive 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：My painting, “Hongxing’s Serenity”, depicts the stunning scenery of my hometown. 拓展句：My painting, which is titled “Hongxing’s Serenity”, presents a vivid portrayal of the stunning scenery in my hometown. 【点睛】[高分句型1] The blend of dynamic and soft colors expresses the peace and beauty of Hongxing, which I deeply cherish. (运用了关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] I believe my artwork fits the exhibition’s theme well, as it showcases the unique charm of my hometown and reflects my deep connection to it. (运用了省略引导词that的宾语从句作believe的宾语以及as引导的原因状语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 北京二中2024—2025学年度高三年级12月月考试卷 英语 第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I’d been exploring the 40-hectare woods around our cottage my whole life and I knew the way well. So it was a shock when I found myself lost there. One dull cold February afternoon, I had a sudden ___1___ to hike the hill with my two daughters. Putting on our snowshoes, we immediately ___2___ northwestward. While making our way up the hill, my daughters stopped occasionally to investigate unknown plants and to look at the abandoned deer beds... These really made their day. As the shadows started to ___3___, we moved further up. Soon, weariness began to ___4___ enthusiasm. We decided to return. Instead of backtracking over our ___5___ route, I chose to walk down the steep side of the hill, ___6___ my general sense that ahead of us lay the stream that would guide us to the road. But as the terrain (地形) leveled out, I had my first major moment of doubt: Where was the stream? Were we off course? I instinctively pulled out my phone to get my location, but it died in my hand in the cold air. ___7___, I started feeling a bit panicky. However, I quickly ___8___ myself, reassuring my daughters to continue walking. Focusing on the landmarks, I spotted a familiar tree and eventually ___9___ the road. That winter’s day taught me a valuable lesson about habitual reliance on technology. If my phone had worked then, I might have directly followed the GPS, ignoring the old _____10_____ of depending on surroundings and life skills. 1 A. discovery B. response C. worry D. urge 2. A. escaped B. drove C. headed D. looked 3. A. lengthen B. swing C. emerge D. fade 4. A. fuel B. witness C. overlook D. outpace 5. A. original B. rough C. offbeat D. roundabout 6. A. appreciating B. trusting C. envisioning D. assessing 7. A. Reportedly B. Admittedly C. Seemingly D. Surprisingly 8. A. exposed B. composed C. defended D. behaved 9. A. got off B. laid down C. came across D. made out 10. A. theory B. standard C. practice D. routine 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） A 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Smart campus is an emerging trend that allows educational institutions to combine smart technologies with physical infrastructure for improved services, decision making, campus sustainability etc. In recent years, various solutions ____11____ (adopt) on campus levels such as smart classrooms, digital libraries, taking students attendance through smart card and so forth. By embracing a smart campus strategy, institutions can help ensure they stay sustainable and ____12____ (competition), enhancing the experience for students, faculty, administrators, and researchers, as well as for the surrounding community ____13____ they coexist. B 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 The 15th China International Aviation and Aerospace Exhibition, commonly known as Airshow China 2024,____14____ (conclude) on November 17 in Zhuhai, south China’s Guangdong Province. Over six days, the event served as a platform to showcase China’s cutting-edge advancements in aviation, aerospace, and defense technology,____15____ (highlight) the nation’s rapid progress in innovation, openness, and international collaboration.____16____ live demonstrations, interactive displays, and expert panels, attendees gained insights into the technological innovations the global aerospace industry. From cutting-edge fighter jets to groundbreaking space exploration technology, the show provided a unique opportunity ____17____(experience) advancements that are shaping the future of global aviation. C 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Evan Kail, an American pawnshop owner, received a warm welcome in China during his first visit. This visit follows his donation of an album containing photos that document the crimes ____18____(commit) by Japanese invaders during World War Ⅱ in China. After donating the album to the Chinese Consulate General in Chicago, he received a surprising gift, an exquisite porcelain tea jar, which represents China’s profound friendship and high ____19____(recognize). “This incident has had a significant influence on me. I’ve received great positivity from so many of you in China and all over the world, and that’s really ____20____ matters the most.” 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分） 第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Side hustles for college students deliver spending money while still offering the flexibility that a full class schedule requires. Take class notes One side hustle for college students involves taking notes in class and selling them Three sites — StudySoup, NexusNotes and Stuvia — offer attractive pay for uploading and selling class notes to other students at your university. Each has its own pay formula. But you usually get a bonus when someone signs up to get access to your notes, plus a payment for each set of notes that sell. Students say they can earn $250 to $500 per class, per semester. Because this job requires taking great class notes, you’re likely to do better in school. Become a tutor Many younger students have fallen behind academically as they struggled with distance learning. That opens an opportunity for those who have mastered a subject, from high school algebra to Spanish, to teach that subject to others. A number of tutoring platforms allow you to sign up and tutor online or in person. Some of the best: Wyzant, Varsity Tutors, and, for those who want to teach music, LessonFace. Be a survey taker The best option in this category is a site called Prolific, which helps researchers find pre-screened survey participants. What makes this site better than most is that it asks you to answer qualifying questions — age, income, family status, etc. — in advance. Then, the site sends you only the surveys that you’re qualified to take. You’re given an estimate of the time it will require to take each survey and how much it pays. You decide whether it’s worth your time. Charge scooters Big campuses are often littered with electric scooters and bikes that can be unlocked and ridden around campus. Riders can drop the scooters just about anywhere. So scooter companies, such as Bird and Lime, enlist “chargers” and “juicers” to pick them up, charge them overnight and return them to a designated area early the next morning. If you have a late class, there are two benefits to signing up to charge. First, you earn between $5 and $20 for each scooter you return fully charged. You also get to ride the scooters home for free, which isn’t a bad way to get back to your dorm. 21 Which site allows one to get paid by uploading their class notes? A. Prolific. B. LessonFace. C. Wyzant. D. StudySoup. 22. What may make Charge scooters attractive? A. It pays riders for charging scooters. B. It provides more benefits for students. C. It offers a means of free transportation. D. It helps solve litter problem on campus. 23. The passage mainly introduces ________. A. methods to do better in school B. job options for college students C. after-class activities for students D. ways to meet a full class schedule B Agnes de Mille was a dancer and a choreographer (编舞). Early in her career, de Mille had created the choreography for a ballet called Three Virgins and a Devil. She thought it was good work, but nobody made much of it. A few years later, de Mille choreographed a ballet named Rodeo. Again, she thought her work was solid, but it resulted in little commercial fame. Then, in 1943, de Mille choreographed Oklahoma!, a musical show that enjoyed nearly instant success. In the coming years, Oklahoma! would run for an incredible 2,212 performances, both around the nation and abroad. In 1955, the film version won an Academy Award. But the success of Oklahoma! didn’t bring her much happiness. She thought that her work on Oklahoma! was only average compared to some of her other creations. She later said, “After the opening of Oklahoma!, I suddenly had unexpected success for a work I thought was only fairly good, after years of neglect for work I thought was fine. I began to think that perhaps my entire scale of values was untrustworthy. I talked to Martha.” Martha was Martha Graham perhaps the most influential dance choreographer of the 20th century. Although not as well-known by the general public, Graham has been compared to other creative geniuses like Picasso or Frank Lloyd Wright. During their conversation, de Mille told Martha Graham about her frustration. “I confessed that I had a burning desire to be excellent, but no faith that I could be.” Graham responded by saying: “There is a vitality, a life force, an energy, a quickening that is translated through you into action, and because there is only one of you in all of time, this expression is unique. And if you block it, it will never exist through any other medium and it will be lost. The world will not have it. It is not your business to determine how good it is nor how valuable nor how it compares with other expressions. It is your business to keep it yours clearly and directly, to keep the channel open.” 24. What can be learned about de Mille’s ballet named Rodeo? A. It earned her a large fortune. B. It didn’t enjoy much success. C. It made her rise to fame overnight. D. It laid a solid foundation for her career. 25. How did de Mille feel about the great success of the musical Oklahoma!? A. Confused. B. Ashamed. C. Relieved. D. Proud. 26. Which of the following statements best represents Graham’s words in this passage? A. Comparing with others prevents you from maintaining uniqueness. B. Your action reveals the inner landscape, which is the soul of music. C. Choosing to be positive is going to determine how you live your life. D. You should always keep yourself open to the urges that motivate you. C For the arts “to mean more, to more people,” as Arts Council England (ACE) argues that they should, would be excellent. Music, drama, dance, visual arts, poetry and literature are among the most precious human achievements. To live in a country in which these are more widely shared and enjoyed would be proof that we are making progress. The point is not to entertain or educate people, or bring communities together. Nor is it all about boosting jobs and investment. Imagination has intrinsic (内在的) value, and research carried out by ACE in the course of preparing its 10-year strategy showed that people from all walks of life value and get pleasure from cultural activities. Positioning itself as a development agency, ACE will now hope to win government backing for a change of direction that orients it away from the biggest and most prestigious national institutions and towards the towns, villages and grassroots organizations that should be similarly deserving of attention. There, it envisions a role for itself “building the identity and prosperity of places,” bringing professional artists together with voluntary groups, particular in areas that have previously not been well represented on the cultural map. ACE’s chair, Sir Nicholas Serota, quotes the first world war centenary (百年纪念) project devised by the artist, Jeremy Deller, and theatre director, Rufus Norris, as the model of what he wants his organization to be about. By dressing up volunteers as soldiers, and orchestrating their encounters with members of the public in settings across England, the artists succeeded in “dissolving the barriers between artists and audiences.” The emphasis on participation — on culture as something that more people should actually do — is newer. This is the difference between being in a play or a band and buying tickets to watch them, and for ACE to play a more active role in promoting the former would be beneficial. This begins in childhood, and ACE clearly hopes that the government will think again about policies that have seen music, drama and other arts subjects systematically downgraded in favour of science, technology and maths. To what extent the vision is realized will depend in part on whether ACE’s ambitions catch the government’s interest sufficiently to influence the upcoming spending review, and provide a counterweight to the scorn (轻视) that is regularly poured on the humanities. Around £400m has been cut from local government arts budgets since 2010, and ACE cannot plug this gap. The closure of youth clubs and live music venues, and growing financial pressures linked to the property market, are among other reasons for this worrisome narrowing of opportunities. So far Boris Johnson has offered few signs that he has in mind a starring role for the arts in post-Brexit Britain, although 2022’s Festival of Brexit is one such event. ACE’s plan should boost the profile of all those, in government and outside, who are arguing for more. 27. The purpose of making arts available to more people is to __________. A. enlighten people from all walks of life B. consolidate various communities C. create job opportunities for artists D. maximize the natural value of art 28. According to the passage, ACE is most likely to promote the arts of ___________. A. national institutions B. commercial centers C. local governments D. towns and villages 29. Which of the following statements would Sir Nicholas Serota most probably agree with? A. Audiences with little education can also gain pleasure from cultural activities. B. Artists and audiences can create and enjoy the arts together without barriers. C. The soldiers and volunteers should vividly show scenes about the First World War. D. Science, technology and maths are more important than humanities and arts nowadays. 30. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. For the arts to get revitalized more extensive efforts are needed. B. The current British government has done enough to promote arts. C. ACE should narrow the financial gap left by the local government. D. Many performing venues have closed due to the rising property market. D We have been defending humanities for many decades now, but the crisis of the humanities only grows. In the face of declining student interest and mounting political scrutiny (审查), universities and colleges are increasingly putting humanities departments on the chopping block. As a humanist, I am prepared to admit that I do not know what the value of the humanities is. I once asked the best teacher I ever had why she no longer taught her favorite novel, and she said that she stopped teaching a book when she found she was no longer curious about it. The humanistic spirit is, fundamentally, an inquisitive one. In contrast, defenses of the humanities are not — and cannot be — conducted in an inquisitive spirit, because a defensive spirit is inimical to an inquisitive one. Defensiveness is, it must be admitted, an understandable response when the chopping block is brought out and you need to explain why you shouldn’t be on it, which requires their participants to pretend to know things that they do not actually know. Nonetheless, we should be alert to the danger of becoming accustomed to putting our worst foot forward. An atmosphere of urgency and calls for immediate action are hostile to fields of study like literature and philosophy that require a reflective mood, and the pretense (假装) of knowing what one doesn’t actually know is hostile to forms of inquiry that demand an open mind. A defensive mindset also encourages politicization. If the study of literature or philosophy helps to fight sexism or to promote democracy—and everyone agrees that sexism is bad, and democracy is good — then you have your answer as to why we shouldn’t cut funding for the study of literature or philosophy. Politicization is a way of arming the humanities for its political battles, but it comes at an intellectual cost. Why is sexism so bad? Why is democracy so good? Politicization silences these and other questions, whereas the function of the humanities is to raise them. Humanists are not alone in their ignorance about the purpose of their disciplines. But scientists are under a lot less pressure to explain why they exist because the society at large believes itself to already have the answer to that question. If at some point I am called on to defend the study of Homer or Descartes at some official hearing, I will do my best, but I will not run to battle; the battle will have to come to me. The task of humanists is to invite, to welcome, to excite, to engage. And when we let ourselves be ourselves, when we allow the humanistic spirit that animates us to flow out not only into our classrooms but also in our public-self presentation, we find we don’t need to defend or prove anything: We are irresistible. 31. What is the author’s main concern regarding the crisis in humanities? A. The pressure on humanists to argue for the value of their disciplines. B. The mounting political scrutiny faced by humanities departments. C. People’s little knowledge regarding the purpose of humanities. D. Students’ lack of interest in studying humanities courses. 32. What does the word “inimical” underlined in Paragraph 3 most probably mean? A. immune. B. relevant. C. sensitive. D. contrary. 33. What can be inferred about a defensive mindset? A. It brings about a lower chance of survival for humanities. B. It requires a reflective mood on the study of humanities. C. It leads to a compromise on human’s intellectual depth. D. It is the worst action to take in the face of the crisis. 34. Which of the following might the author most probably agree? A. The battle of humanities is a hard one to fight. B. The future of humanities remains cloudy. C. Science is more useful than humanities. D. Humanities may not need any defense. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Bedtime Rituals At the end of a long day you might want to collapse in front of the TV and watch an episode of your favorite show. ____35____ Settling down with a cup of lemon tea or reading a book can tell your body it’s time to sleep. If you turn these activities into a ritual— that is, if you do them every night around the same time — you will be all the more likely to get the rest you need. A bedtime ritual is important not only because it prepares you for sleep but also because it helps establish healthy sleep habits. If your current habits don’t support good sleep, a bedtime ritual can help you make necessary changes.____36____ Worry can make it hard to fall asleep at night, but for some people, anxiety at bedtime is common. Rituals can provide comfort by offering predictability and structure. Some rituals, such as journaling, might also relieve anxiety by giving the writer a fresh perspective or sense of meaning. ____37____ Consider trying several bedtime rituals before settling on a consistent routine. What’s important is figuring out what works for you. Start out with two or three activities according to your needs and preferences. If you enjoy exercise and movement, try yoga or gentle stretching. If you find comfort in order, create a to-do list for the next day.____38____ Whether your bedtime ritual takes place in bed or somewhere else, make sure your environment is relaxing. Wear comfortable clothes or pajamas, curl up under a cozy blanket, and keep the lights low.____39____ A. Bedtime rituals can also help you reduce anxiety. B. There’s no fixed format for the perfect bedtime ritual. C. Then when the time comes to fall asleep, you’ll be ready. D. For adults, bedtime rituals typically last 30 minutes to an hour. E. If classical music calms you, turn on some Bach or Mozart enjoying a bath. F. But engaging in some bedtime activities could actually help you sleep better. G. Evidence indicates that people who read a book in bed have better sleep quality. 第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分） 第一节 阅读表达（共4小题；第40、41小题各2分，第42小题3分，第43小题5分，共12分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 When 16-year-old Violet Brill looks out her window, she doesn’t see only grass and trees—she sees a great meal. Her father, famous plant expert Steve “Wildman” Brill, carried her along on his foraging(觅食)tours from the time she was a little girl. In the past decade or so, a renewed interest in foraging for edible(可食用的) plants has begun to appear—an interest that has truly blossomed recently. “I think we’ve had a lot of time to get outdoors, and look around,” says Adele Nozedar, author of Foraging for Kids. “There is rapid growth in foraging in the past year.” Kids are natural-born foragers. Take them out into the woods and they’ll happily gather fallen leaves, or root around in the undergrowth for hidden treasures. Foraging is definitely a gateway to nature. Kids learn quickly that it’s not just a bunch of green stuff outside. All those plants have a purpose. And by encouraging a love of nature, foraging also encourages a love of the environment. “Having a strong connection to the land means you’re more likely to protect it,” says Dave Hamilton, author of Family Foraging. “And you can’t get much more connected to the land than eating from it.” Plus, foraging brings good news for parents of picky eaters: When kids search for and pick their own food, they’re more likely to be invested in it. Foraging for wild edibles encourages kids to try new, nutritious foods—especially kids who tend to turn their noses up at the vegetables on their plates. For instance, Hamilton remembers taking a group of boys camping and asking them to gather enough lambsquarters for dinner. They came back with three days’ worth of the greens, which he turned into a pesto(青酱). “They absolutely loved it,” he says. “There’s something empowering about finding your own food, especially for kids.” 40. What interest has begun to appear recently? 41. According to Dave, what is the benefit of foraging? 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Parents of picky eaters welcome foraging because the foraged foods are new and nutritious. 43. In addition to the benefits mentioned in this passage, what do you think are some other benefits of foraging? (In about 40 words) 第二节（20分） 44. 假定你是红星中学学生李华，擅长绘画。你想参加在英国举办的主题为“最美家乡”画展活动。给相关负责人Jim投稿，要点如下： 1.作品介绍； 2.参展理由。 注意：1.词数100左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Jim, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Sincerely, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$