2024年人教版中考英语一轮复习定语从句

定语从句 定义：一个句子充当定语，这个句子就是定语从句。修饰或限定名词/代词，相当于形容词。“...的” 三要素： 1. 被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词 2. 定语从句一般放在先行词后面，引导定语从句的词叫关系词(关系代词：that, which, who, whom, whose关系副词：when, where, why) 3. 关系词在从句中充当句子成分。连接(连接定语从句和主句)替代(替代前面的先行词)成分 (在定语从句中要充当一定的句子成分) 关系代词的用法： 1.先行词是人时，如果关系词在定语从句中作主语，关系代词用 __________。 2.先行词是人时，如果关系词在定语从句中作宾语，关系代词则用 ______________，可省略。 3.当先行词是物时，关系代词用 ______________________ 4.当句中存在所属关系，关系代词用 _________。 关系副词的用法： 当先行词是时间/地点/原因并作定从的状语时，用关系副词__________________。 只能用that的情况(序双代特高)： 1. 当先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时,只能用that 2. 当先行词既有人又有物时,只能用that 3. 当先行词前有(本身是)all、every、 no、any、everything、nothing等修饰时,只能用that 4. the way、the same、the only、the just时,只能用that 不能用that的情况： 1. 前有介词2.前有that3.前有逗号(非限制性定语从句) 限制性定语从句 例：Xuanzang has a disciple who can make 72 changes. ①形式上：不用逗号与主句隔开 ②意义上：是先行词不可缺少的定语，如删除，主句则失去意义或意思表达不完整。 ③译法上:“..的” 非限制性定语从句 例：Xuanzang has a disciple, who can make 72 changes. ①形式上：用逗号与主句隔开。 ②意义上：只是对先行词的补充说明，如删除，主句仍能表达完整的意思。 ③译法上:通常译成主句的并列句。 ④先行词:非限制性定语从句的先行词还可以是整个句子。 解题宗旨 ①确定先行词 ②看先行词是人还是物 ③看关系代词在从句中所作的成分 如何书写定语从句 1.找出共同部分； 2.确定是人是物，做主做宾，进而确定关系词； 3.先写主句，把定语从句放在先行词的后面; 4.先写关系词,接着把去掉共同成分的句子放在其后面。 课堂练习 一、定语从句中的主谓一致 1. I prefer shoes that______(be)cool. 2. I like a movie that _____(be) really interesting. 3. I love singers who _____(be) beautiful. 4. I have a friend who _______(play) sports. 二、单项选择 1. —Do you know the girl ______ is giving the speech? — Of course. She is my best friend, Meimei. A. which B. who C. whom D. what 2. I will remember the important people ______ helped me. A. who B. which C. what D. how 3.We all like music ______ makes us relaxed. A. who B. that C. what D. whom 4.I like the musician who_______ his own songs. A. writes B. wrote C. writing D. write 三、选用that, who, whom 或 which填空。 1.The girl _______________ you saw at the meeting is a good swimmer. 2. The town ___________ we visited a few years ago is much larger than before. 3. April 1st is a day ____________ is called April Fools’ Day. 4. The girl ___________ often helps me with my English is from No. 8 Middle School. 5.He is the man __________ is ready to help others. 6. The girl ______________ I spoke to just now is my friend. 7.They are talking about a girl and her cat ______ are in the novel. 课后作业 一、选择合适的关系词：who,whom,that,which,when,where,why或者不填。 1.The boys ________ are playing football are from class one. 2. Mr. Smith is the person _____________________ I am working with. 3. This is the film ___________ was made by the director. 4. I like the city ______ the people are really kind and friendly. 5. Do you know the girl _______________________I am talking to. 6. I like music ______________ I can dance to. 7. Can you still remember the time ______ I came here? 8. I prefer the sandwich ___________ is really delicious. 二、单项选择 1. The TV play is about a true story____ happened in Zhengzhou in 1999. A. it B. when C. that D. what 2. The books ____ were written by Luxun sell well. A. who B. which C. how D. what 3. George Mallory was an English school teacher _______ loved climbing. A. who B. he C. which D. whom 4. The police caught the man______ stole my handbag. A. he B. that C. which D. whom 5. The dress____she is wearing today was a birthday present from her aunt.A. what B. it C. this D. that 6.Have you read the book ________ I gave you yesterday? A. that B. when C. where D. who 7. Is that the student ______ the teacher is talking about? A. when B. which C. where D. who 8. - What kind of stories do you like? - I prefer stories ________ have happy endings. A. who B. that C. whose D. where 9. The girl ______ you saw in the street is Mary. A. which B. what C. whose D. who 10. Kevin is reading a book __________is too difficult for him. A. whose B. that C. who D. whom 七、将所给句子合并为含有定语从句的复合句。 1. I like the monkey. The monkey can make 72 changes. _____________________________________________________________ 2. Bajie is a pig. Bajie's hobbies are eating and sleeping. ______________________________________________________________ 3. Sandy is hard-working. Sandy always shoulders a lot of things. ______________________________________________________________ 4. Wukong has the golden cudgel. The golden cudgel is powerful. ______________________________________________________________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$