Unit 3 Food and Culture Discover Useful Structures 课件-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第二册

Unit 3 Food and Culture Discovering Useful Structure The Past Perfect Tense The Past Perfect Passive Voice 40._ n.(苏格兰)羊杂碎肚 41._ n.食堂,餐厅 42. _ n.自助餐厅,自助食堂 Vocabulary haggis canteen cafeteria Future Present Past By the time I arrived at the bus stop, the bus had already left. WARMING-UP Q: Which event happened first? A. I arrived . B. The bus had left. First Later 3 Lead-in 观察句子,分析划线部分的时态。 1. I returned the book. 时态: 含义:陈述 的事情 2.I had borrowed the book from the library. 时态: 结构: 3.I returned the book that I had borrowed from the library. 思考:两种时态在结构、含义上有什么不同? 一般过去时 过去发生 过去完成时 had + 过去分词 一般过去时表示在过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,强调动作发生的时间是在过去,结构为主语 + 动词的过去式(如returned是return的过去式)。 过去完成时则表示在过去某个时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作,即“过去的过去”,结构为had + 过去分词(如had borrowed)。 过去完成时的定义:过去完成时表示在 某一时间或动作 (前/后)已经发生或完成了的动作,即“ ” 基本结构:以“我已经告诉她我从图书馆借了书” 肯定句:I told her I had borrowed the book from the library. 肯定句结构: 否定句:I told her I had not borrowed the book from the library . 否定句结构: 一般疑问句:Had I borrowed the book from the library before? 一般疑问句结构: 特殊疑问句:Who had borrowed the book from the library? 特殊疑问句结构: 过去 前 过去的过去 主语 + had + 过去分词 主语 + had + not + 过去分词 Had + 主语 + 过去分词 疑问词(作主语)+ had + 过去分词 【即学即练】用括号内动词的正确形式补全句子。 1. They (arrive) at the station before the train left. 2. We ( not reach)the top of the hill before midnight. 3. I had been at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally (come). 【句型转换】 ①She had finished writing the composition by 10:00 this morning. _(改为否定句) _ (改为一般疑问句 ) _ (对句中主语she提问) had arrived hadn't reached came She hadn't finished writing the composition by 10:00 this morning. Had she finished writing the composition by 10:00 this morning? Who had finished writing the composition by 10:00 this morning? 1.过去完成时的被动语态 Eg:I told her I had borrowed the book from the library. I told her that the book had been returned to the library 被动语态结构: 【句型转换】The injured passengers had been sent to hospital before the reporters arrived at the spot. _ _(改为否定句) _ _(改为一般疑问句) _ (对句中主语The injured passengers提问) 主语 + had + been + 过去分词 + (by + 动作执行者) The injured passengers hadn't been sent to hospital before the reporters arrived at the spot. Had the injured passengers been sent to hospital before the reporters arrived at the spot? Who had been sent to hospital before the reporters arrived at the spot? 【语境应用】完成句子。 1) The tickets _ (sell) out before I came to the cinema. 2) By the end of last year, we _ (produce) 20,000 cars. 3)She told us that the meeting _ (cancel). 4) The car _ (drive) away this morning. had been sold had produced had been cancelled had been driven Tense Past perfect tense Past perfect passive voice 肯定句 否定句 疑问句 特殊疑问句 had done had been done had not done had not been done had +主语+ done had +主语+ been done Fill in the blanks. 疑问词+had +主语+ done 疑问词+had +主语+ been done 9 2. The Usages of the Past Perfect Tense(基本用法) 1) When the police arrived, the thief had run away. 2_ Before he volunteered to direct the traffic, Tom had lost lots of jobs. 3) He hadn’t finished it by yesterday evening. 4) By the end of June, they had treated over 800 patients. 总结1:表示 就已经完成或结束的动作,可以用by, before等介词短语或一个时间状语从句表示。 1) Kevin had been a newspaper reporter for two years before he became a writer. 2) He said he had worked in that factory since 1949. 3) I had been at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally came. 总结2: ,常与for,since等引导的时间状语连用。 1)We had hoped that you would come,but you didn't. 2)I had wished that I _ (become) a doctor, but I studied law at college. 3)They _ (plan) to see us off at the airport. 总结3:常用 等动词的过去完成时表示过去 。 在过去某个时间或动作之前 表示某个动作或状态从过去某一时间一直持续到过去另一时间, had become had planned hope、wish、plan 未曾实现的愿望或打算 3.过去完成时的常用句型 1)It/This/That was the (first/second..) time+(that)+句子那是...第几次做某事了 1.It was the second time that I _(lose) the chance. 2.This was the first time that he _(be)the winner 比较: That is the first time that she _(visit) Beijing. 2)It/This/That was +形容词最高级+n+ that (+句子) 这是最....的 It was the most wonderful song that I _ ever (hear). That was the most important finding that _(prove). This was one of the useful books that I _(read). 3)it's high time that “该做……的时候了” 总结4: 是该做……的时候了。(should 不可省略) 这是 / 那是某人第一 / 第二次 / 第…次做…,此句型中,若主语中的be动词为was,从句中的谓语则用 ;若主句中的be动词为is, 从句中的谓语则用 。 4)scarcely ... when .../ No sooner.... than 1. Scarcely had the votes been counted, when the telephone rang. 2. No sooner had I walked out than I remembered that I forgot my homework. 总结4:常用固定句型: 。 否定词置于句首,需要 。主句用 ,从句用 。 练习:我刚到车站,火车就开了。 had lost had been has visited had had been proved had read it's high time that sb. should do It/This/That was the (first/second..) time+(that) had lost have done scarcely... when.../ No sooner.... than 部分倒装 过去完成时 一般过去时。 Scarcely had I arrived at the station when the train left. 4: Compare and Discover(现在完成时VS过去完成时) 1.Tom has eaten his supper. 2.Tom had eaten his supper in the canteen before he went back home. 3.The family have not finished breakfast. 4.The family were still at table, but they had finished breakfast. 总结:现在完成时强调 ; 过去完成时强调 。 过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果; 过去完成时强调过去某一动作或时间之前已经发生或完成的动作。 IV.语法填空。 Last year, my brother and I _ (go) to Miami for a vacation. Some of my friends who _ (be) there before said it was a wonderful holiday destination. Before we went, we _ (plan) for months. When the day came, we were ready. After our plane _ (land), we went to the hotel. We _ (make) our reservation six months earlier, but the man at the front desk said there _ (be) a mistake. We _ (tell) that our rooms hadn’t been reserved for that week, but for the week after. I didn’t understand why this would happen and my credit card _ (charge) for the reservation. What’s worse, the hotel _ (book) fully. When we _ (wonder) what to do, the manager came out. She was surprisingly helpful. She apologized for the mistake and _ (give) us a spare VIP room on the top floor. We had never stayed in such an amazing room, and we _ (charge) extra. The next day, my brother and I went to the beach where we _ (watch) some people play volleyball. We got a little sunburnt, but the day _ (be) so relaxing that we didn’t mind. went had been had planned landed had made had been were told had been charged was booked were wondering gave weren't charged watched was What we have learnt today? 过去完成时及其被动语态 Definition定义 Structure结构 Usage用法 过去完成时表示过去某一时间或某一事件之前已经完成的动作或存在的状态, 即过去的过去 肯定:had (been) done 否定:hadn’t (been) done 疑问:Had...(been) done? 1. 基本用法 2. 在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾从中 3. It is the first/second ...time +that从句 4. 句型hardly...when或者No sooner...than summarize Homework 1. Finish the Exercise 2 on page 29. 2.Writing: describe a dinning out experience you had. Write a paragraph of 6-8 sentences about your experience and use the past perfect tense and the past perfect passive voice appropriately. $$