定语从句关系代词(that which)-知识点训练卷湖南省《英语考纲百套卷》第56卷（原卷版+解析版）

编写说明：湖南省对口招生《英语考纲百套卷》，依据湖南省对口招生考试英语科目考试说明编写，本套试卷共120份。第一部分是按考纲考点要求编写的知识点训练卷，共65份。第二部分是专项训练卷，包括词汇、运用日常交际用语围绕话题进行交际、补全对话和匹配题、完形填空、阅读、英汉互译和应用文写作七个部分，共45份。第三部分是参考湖南省近几年的对口招生考试真题编写的综合模拟卷，共10份。 本试卷是湖南省对口招生考试《英语考纲百套卷》的第56卷，是定语从句知识点训练卷。试卷内容为对定语从句中关系代词that和which的考察，还包含对最高级和主谓一致的考察。按考纲的掌握要求编写。 湖南省对口招生考试《英语考纲百套卷》 第56卷 定语从句 知识点训练卷 考试时间60分钟 满分90分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 一、单项选择（共35小题，每小题2分，共70分） 1．She had completed the work all by herself, ________ surprised all of us. A．it B．she C．that D．which 【答案】D 【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：她独自完成了这项工作，这使我们都感到惊讶。分析句子结构可知，“... surprised all of us.”是非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整个句子，因此使用关系代词“which”来引导从句，关系词在从句中作主语。故选D。 2．Peter couldn’t come to the party, ________ disappointed us. A．that B．who C．what D．which 【答案】D 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：Peter不能来这个聚会，这让我们很沮丧。分析句子结构可知，disappointed us是非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面整个主句；从句中缺少主语，且该主语指代Peter couldn’t come to the party一事，应用which引导。故选D。 3．We hope the measures to control house prices, ________ are taken by the government, will succeed. A．which B．that C．what D．they 【答案】A 【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：我们希望政府采取的控制房价的措施会成功。根据句子结构可知，“________ are taken by the government”是定语从句，修饰先行词“the measures”，要填的关系代词代替先行词在从句里作主语；“代替物”、“作主语”、“引导非限制性定语从句”，满足这三个条件的关系代词就是“which”。故选A。 4．He has passed the final examination, ________ made his parents happy. A．which B．that C．who D．whom 【答案】A 【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：他通过了期末考试，这使他的父母很开心。分析句子结构可知，后句为非限制性定语从句，先行词是He has passed the final examination，从句缺少主语，且主语指代整个主句内容，应用关系代词which引导。故选A。 5．Harry got high marks in the test, ________ surprised everyone in our class. A．which B．that C．this D．it 【答案】A 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：哈里在考试中得了高分，这使我们班的每个人都感到惊讶。分析句子结构可知，“... surprised everyone in our class”在句中作定语，空处要填的词在从句中是作主语，代指前面的一整句话用关系代词which。故选A。 6．He finally passed the exam, _________ made his mother so happy. A．when B．that C．which D．where 【答案】C 【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：他终于通过了考试，这让他的妈妈很高兴。分析句子结构可知，后句为非限制性定语从句，先行词是He finally passed the exam，从句缺少主语，且主语指代整个主句内容，应用关系代词which引导。故选C。 7．My grandfather decided to give up smoking, ________was good news for my family. A．what B．whom C．which D．that 【答案】C 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我的祖父决定戒烟，这对我的家人来说是个好消息。A. what什么；B. whom先行词为人，在从句中作宾语或表语；C. which先行词为事物，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语；D. that先行词为人或事物，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。分析句子可知，“...was good news for my family.”为非限制性定语从句，先行词是“My grandfather decided to give up smoking”这句话，关系词在从句中作主语，用which引导非限制性定语从句，不能用that。故选C。 8．He seems not to have grasped what I meant, ________ greatly upsets me. A．that B．as C．which D．what 【答案】C 【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：他似乎没有领会我的意思，这使我非常不安。分析句子结构可知，此处是非限制性定语从句，关系词指代的是前面整个句子，在从句中作主语，因此应用关系代词“which”来引导从句，不能用that。故选C。 9．Mr Li often helps me look after my cat while I am busy, ________ is very kind of him. A．/ B．who C．which D．that 【答案】C 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：李先生经常在我忙的时候帮我照顾我的猫，他真是太好了。分析句子可知，“... is very kind of him.”为非限制性定语从句，空处代指前面“Mr Li often helps me look after my cat while I am busy ”这件事，从句缺主语，所以应是which在这里引导非限制性定语从句，因为它可以指代前面的整个动作或情况，即“Mr Li帮助我照看猫”这个行为，不能用that。故选C。 10．Beijing is an ancient city, ________ is famous for the Great Wall. A．which B．what C．where D．who 【答案】A 【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：北京市一个古老的城市，因为长城而文明。A. which先行词指物，作主语或宾语；B. what不能引导定语从句；C. where先行词指地点，作状语；D. who先行词指人，作主语或宾语。分析句子可知，空格处引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰先行词“Beijing”，连词which符合语境。故选A。 20．This is the only way _______ we can solve the problem. A. which B. that C. how D. whose 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这是我们解决问题的唯一方法。考查定语从句。先行词way被形容词最高级only修饰，关系词用that。在定语从句中作方式状语，但此处由于有can solve这个动词短语，更准确地说是作can solve的宾语，所以用that。故选B。 21．The last person and the last thing _______ I saw before leaving the office were my boss and his report. A. which B. that C. who D. whom 【答案】B 【详解】句意：离开办公室前，我看到的最后一个人和最后一件事是我的老板和他的报告。考查定语从句。先行词person和thing既有人又有物，且被the last修饰，关系词只能用that。故选B。 22．The only person and the only book _______ I can rely on are my friend and his novel. A. which B. that C. who D. whose 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我能依靠的唯一的人和唯一的书是我的朋友和他的小说。考查定语从句。先行词person和book既有人又有物，且被the only修饰，关系词只能用that。故选B。 23．The best teacher and the best student _______ we have ever known are both from our school. A. which B. that C. who D. whom 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们所知道的最好的老师和学生都来自我们学校。考查定语从句。先行词teacher和student既有人又有物，且被the best修饰，关系词只能用that。故选B。 24．The very first gift and the very last letter _______ I received from him were very precious to me. A. which B. that C. who D. whom 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我收到的他的第一份礼物和最后一封信对我来说都非常珍贵。考查定语从句。先行词gift和letter既有人送的物，且被the very first和the very last修饰，关系词只能用that。虽然letter可以与who搭配，但由于先行词中有物，所以不能用who。故选B。 25．The last train _______ left the station was at 10 p.m. A. which B. that C. when D. where 【答案】B 【详解】句意：最后一班离开车站的火车是晚上10点。考查定语从句。先行词train被the last修饰，关系词用that。在定语从句中作主语，不能用which。when和where分别表示时间和地点，与句意不符。故选B。 26．The very book and the pen _______ he bought yesterday are on the desk. A. which B. that C. who D. whose 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他昨天买的那本书和钢笔在桌子上。考查定语从句。先行词book和pen既有物，且被the very修饰，关系词用that。虽然pen可以与who搭配（表示“谁的笔”），但在此句中由于先行词中有物，所以不能用who。故选B。 27．The only hotel _______ we could stay was fully booked. A. which B. that C. where D. when 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们能住的唯一一家旅馆已经客满了。考查定语从句。先行词hotel被the only修饰，关系词用that。在定语从句中作宾语（stay是不及物动词，后面需要加介词in，但在此句中省略了），不能用which。where和when分别表示地点和时间，与句意不符。故选B。 28．The best player and the best coach _______ our team has ever had are both retired now. A. which B. that C. who D. whom 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们队有史以来最好的球员和最好的教练都已经退役了。考查定语从句。先行词player和coach既有人，且被the best修饰，关系词用that。在定语从句中作宾语（had是及物动词，后面需要宾语），虽然可以用who（指人），但由于先行词中有物，所以不能用who。故选B。 29．The only thing and the only person _______ I can think of to help us are my friend and his car. A. which B. that C. who D. whose 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我能想到的唯一能帮助我们的人和物是我的朋友和他的车。考查定语从句。先行词thing和person既有物又有人，且被the only修饰，关系词用that。在定语从句中作宾语（think of是及物动词短语，后面需要宾语），虽然可以用who（指人），但由于先行词中有物，所以不能用who。故选B。 30．The highest mountain and the deepest river _______ I have ever seen are in Tibet. A. which B. that C. where D. when 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我所见过的最高的山和最深的河都在西藏。考查定语从句。先行词mountain和river既有物，且被the highest和the deepest修饰（表示最高级），关系词用that。在定语从句中作宾语（see是及物动词，后面需要宾语），不能用which。where和when分别表示地点和时间，与句意不符。故选B。 31．All _______ he said was true. A. which B. that C. what D. whose 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他说的所有话都是真的。考查定语从句。先行词all为不定代词，且在从句中作said的宾语，关系词用that，不能用which。故选B。 32．Much of the work _______ he has done is excellent. A. which B. that C. what D. whose 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他做的很多工作都很出色。考查定语从句。先行词much为不定代词，且在从句中作done的宾语，关系词用that，不能用which。故选B。 33．Little _______ he knows about the subject is useful. A. which B. that C. what D. whose 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他关于这个话题知道的很少，但都是有用的。考查定语从句。先行词little为不定代词，且在从句中作knows的宾语，关系词用that，不能用which。故选B。 34．Few _______ I have met in the city know him. A.which B. that C. what D. whose 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我在这个城市遇到的少数人认识他。考查定语从句。先行词few为不定代词，且在从句中作met的宾语，关系词用that，不能用which。故选B。 35．Everything _______ you have learned in school is important. A.which B. that C. what D. whose 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你在学校学到的一切都很重要。考查定语从句。先行词everything为不定代词，且在从句中作learned的宾语，关系词用that，不能用which。故选B。 二、英汉互译（本题共5题，每小题4分，共20分） 1．You should make a list of all the jobs you have to do and prioritise them. 【答案】你应该列出所有你必须完成的任务，并给它们排定优先级。 【详解】考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，“You”作主语，意为“你”；“should make”作谓语部分，意为“应该制作，应该列出”；“a list of all the jobs”作宾语，意为“所有工作的清单”；“you have to do”是定语从句，修饰先行词“jobs”，意为“你必须做的”；“and”为并列连词，连接前后两个并列的动作；“prioritise”作谓语，意为“确定……的优先顺序，按重要性排列”；“them” 指代前面提到的“all the jobs”，作“prioritise”的宾语。故本句译为：你应该列出所有你必须完成的任务，并给它们排定优先级。 2．这是我读过的最有趣的书之一。 【答案】It is one of the most interesting/funniest books I have read. 【详解】“这是”it is；“最……的……之一”one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数；“最有趣的”most interesting/funniest；“书”book；books后接省略that的定语从句“I have read”表示“我读过的”。故填It is one of the most interesting/funniest books I have read. 3．这是我曾经游览过的最美丽的城市之一。 【答案】It is one of the most beautiful cities that I have ever visited. 【详解】这是：it is；最美丽的：the most beautiful；城市：city；我：I；曾经：ever；游览：visit。结合句意可知，表达“最美丽的城市之一”会用到句型one of +the+形容词最高级+名词复数，city的复数形式为cities。根据“我曾经游览过的”可知，定语从句时态为现在完成时，现在完成时结构：主语+have/has+过去分词。定语从句的先行词cities为复数，所以从句的助动词用have，所以表达“我曾经游览过的”用从句that I have ever visited。故填It is one of the most beautiful cities that I have ever visited. 4．路边有很多能绿化城市的树木和花草。 【答案】 There are a number of trees and flowers by the roadsides that make the city green. 【详解】there be“有”；a number of“许多”，修饰可数名词复数形式trees和flowers，and连接两个并列的单词；by the roadsides“路边”；make the city green“绿化城市”，trees和flowers是指物，定语从句用关系词that，此句是一般现在时，故填There are a number of trees and flowers by the roadsides that make the city green. 5．我更喜欢让我大笑的电影。 【答案】I prefer movies that make me laugh. 【详解】根据中文句意，句子的主干部分是“我更喜欢电影”，谓语动词“更喜欢”用动词prefer；结合语境，此句用一般现在时，所以主干部分翻译成I prefer movies。“让我大笑的”用make的复合结构来翻译，动词make后面用宾格，“我”的宾格是me；在主动语态中，使役动词make后面动词用原形，即make me laugh；这是作为定语来修饰“电影”，所以用定语从句来翻译，故答案为I prefer movies that make me laugh。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 编写说明：湖南省对口招生《英语考纲百套卷》，依据湖南省对口招生考试英语科目考试说明编写，本套试卷共120份。第一部分是按考纲考点要求编写的知识点训练卷，共65份。第二部分是专项训练卷，包括词汇、运用日常交际用语围绕话题进行交际、补全对话和匹配题、完形填空、阅读、英汉互译和应用文写作七个部分，共45份。第三部分是参考湖南省近几年的对口招生考试真题编写的综合模拟卷，共10份。 本试卷是湖南省对口招生考试《英语考纲百套卷》的第56卷，是定语从句知识点训练卷。试卷内容为对定语从句中关系代词that和which的考察，还包含对最高级和主谓一致的考察。按考纲的掌握要求编写。 湖南省对口招生考试《英语考纲百套卷》 第56卷 定语从句 知识点训练卷 考试时间60分钟 满分90分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 一、单项选择（共35小题，每小题2分，共70分） 1．She had completed the work all by herself, ________ surprised all of us. A．it B．she C．that D．which 2．Peter couldn’t come to the party, ________ disappointed us. A．that B．who C．what D．which 3．We hope the measures to control house prices, ________ are taken by the government, will succeed. A．which B．that C．what D．they 4．He has passed the final examination, ________ made his parents happy. A．which B．that C．who D．whom 5．Harry got high marks in the test, ________ surprised everyone in our class. A．which B．that C．this D．it 6．He finally passed the exam, _________ made his mother so happy. A．when B．that C．which D．where 7．My grandfather decided to give up smoking, ________was good news for my family. A．what B．whom C．which D．that 8．He seems not to have grasped what I meant, ________ greatly upsets me. A．that B．as C．which D．what 9．Mr Li often helps me look after my cat while I am busy, ________ is very kind of him. A．/ B．who C．which D．that 10．Beijing is an ancient city, ________ is famous for the Great Wall. A．which B．what C．where D．who 20．This is the only way _______ we can solve the problem. A. which B. that C. how D. whose 21．The last person and the last thing _______ I saw before leaving the office were my boss and his report. A. which B. that C. who D. whom 22．The only person and the only book _______ I can rely on are my friend and his novel. A. which B. that C. who D. whose 23．The best teacher and the best student _______ we have ever known are both from our school. A. which B. that C. who D. whom 24．The very first gift and the very last letter _______ I received from him were very precious to me. A. which B. that C. who D. whom 25．The last train _______ left the station was at 10 p.m. A. which B. that C. when D. where 26．The very book and the pen _______ he bought yesterday are on the desk. A. which B. that C. who D. whose 27．The only hotel _______ we could stay was fully booked. A. which B. that C. where D. when 28．The best player and the best coach _______ our team has ever had are both retired now. A. which B. that C. who D. whom 29．The only thing and the only person _______ I can think of to help us are my friend and his car. A. which B. that C. who D. whose 30．The highest mountain and the deepest river _______ I have ever seen are in Tibet. A. which B. that C. where D. when 31．All _______ he said was true. A. which B. that C. what D. whose 32．Much of the work _______ he has done is excellent. A. which B. that C. what D. whose 33．Little _______ he knows about the subject is useful. A. which B. that C. what D. whose 34．Few _______ I have met in the city know him. A.which B. that C. what D. whose 35．Everything _______ you have learned in school is important. A.which B. that C. what D. whose 二、英汉互译（本题共5题，每小题4分，共20分） 1．You should make a list of all the jobs you have to do and prioritise them. 2．这是我读过的最有趣的书之一。 3．这是我曾经游览过的最美丽的城市之一。 4．路边有很多能绿化城市的树木和花草。 5．我更喜欢让我大笑的电影。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$