期末Unit 10 知识点梳理 2024-2025学年人教版八年级英语上册

U10知识点梳理 1. (1)遇见，碰到 meet--met过去式 (2) Nice to meet you!很高兴遇见你。(见面时说） Nice meeting you!很高兴遇见你（道别时说） （3） meet sb遇见某人 区别 见某人see sb = visit sb看望某人、拜访某人 （4） Let’s meet at the school gate.（meet碰头，见面）双方到某一个地方见面（碰头） 2. 看录像 watch videos watch TV看电视 watch a soccer game 看足球比赛 3. organize 动词“组织” Who will organize the party? 谁将组织这次晚会 organization名词“组织”(+s) 4.potato土豆 复数potatoes 薯条potato chips chocolate 巧克力（不可数） I like potato chips and chocolate.我喜欢薯条和巧克力。 5. （1）advice 建议（不可数名词) 一条建议a piece of advice 一些建议some advice Can you give me some advice? 你能给我一些建议吗？ You should get some advice from your parents.你应该从父母那里得到一些建议。 （2） advice 名词“建议” 区别 advise动词“建议” advise sb to do sth建议某人做某事 advise doing建议做某事 6. agent代理人，经纪人 They want to be agents.他们想当经纪人。His father is an agent. 7. expert 名词“专家”（动词：expect指望 ） They are experts .他们是专家。 we expect them to get some useful ways of keeping air clean. 我们指望他们去获得保持空气干净的一些有效方法。 expect sb to do sth指望某人做某事 8. keep--kept （1) keep...to oneself保守秘密 He never keeps anything to himself.他从来不保守秘密。 If we have problems , we shouldn’t keep them to ourselves.如果我们有困难，不应该保守秘密。 (2) 保持健康keep healthy (keep+形）=keep in good health 保持安静keep quiet 保持快乐keep happy (3) You can keep the book for three days.你可以借这本书三天。（keep存放，借） (4) 饲养 keep chickens养小鸡 keep a bird养一只鸟 (5) keep doing sth保持（坚持）做某事 You should keep writing every day.你应该坚持写作每天。 keep on doing 一直（不停）做某事 他不停地跑因为他想成为第一个到达终点线的人。 He kept on running because he wanted to be the first one to get to the end line. 9. teenage 青少年 复数teenagers Many teenagers like to play computer games in their teens.很多青少年在他们十多岁时喜欢打游戏。 10. normal形：“正常的”It’s normal for sb to do sth.对某人来说，做某事是正常的。 It’s normal for teenagers to do it like that. 对青少年来说，像那样做是正常的。 11. （1）unless如果不，除非=if...not... 如果明天不下雨，我将去钓鱼。 I will go fishing unless it rains tomorrow. =I will go fishing if it doesn’t rain tomorrow. （2） unless如果不 区别 until直到 （not...until...直到...才...) 12. mile 名词“英里” (区别 动词“smile”微笑） 千米，公里kilometer 米meter 五英里five miles 200 kilometers 200公里 800米 eight hundred meters 13. (1)angry形“生气的，愤怒的” be angry with sb生某人气 be angry at sth某事生气 我的妈妈有时因我的生活习惯生我的气。 My mother is sometimes angry with me at my living habits. (be angry with sb at sth) (2) get angry生气，变得生气 He got angry after hearing the news.听到这个消息后他生气了。 14. (1)careful形容词“仔细的，小心的”--carefully 副词“仔细地” listen to sb carefully仔细听某人讲 We must listen to the teachers carefully. Be careful!当心！小心点！（=Look out!当心！） (2) careless 形容词“粗心的”“不仔细的” hopeful有希望的hopeless无望的，绝望的 (3) care about sb关心某人 区别 take care of 照顾(照看）... Take care!保重！ (4) take care of sb=look after sb 照顾某人 take good care of sb=look after sb well好好照顾某人 15. make a mistake犯一个错误 = make mistakes犯错误 make fewer mistakes犯更少的错误 We should be more careful to make fewer mistakes.我们应该更小心点少犯些错误。 16. （1）understand ---understood动词“理解，明白”（under在...之下）（stand---stood站着，忍受) (2) understanding形容词“善解人意的,体谅的” My son is understanding.我的儿子很善解人意。 17. solve动词“解决，解答” 解决这个难题solve the problem 回答问题answer the question They don’t know how to solve the problem.他们不知道怎样解决这个难题。 They are talking about solving the problem.他们正在谈论解决这个难题。 （solve--solving ) 18. step名词“步骤，步,台阶，脚步声” There are three steps to make the fruit salad.制作水果沙拉有三大步。 the first step第一步 the second step 第二大步 the last step最后一步 step 动词“踏入” step into...踏进...走进... 19. trust 动词”信任” trust sb信任某人= believe in sb信任某人 believe sb相信某人 We should trust our children for ever.我们应该永远信任我们的小孩。 20. experience (1) 名词：经验（不可数） much experience很多的（丰富的）经验 The teacher has much teaching experience.这个老师有丰富的教学经验。 （2） 经历（可数名词） a wonderful experience 一段精彩的经历 I had the same experience as him. 我有着和他一样的经历。（the same...as...与...相同） 21. （1） cut--cut过去式---cutting(双写t，+ing) （2）cut.. in half= cut ...into halves切成半,把某物切成两半 （3） cut ...into pieces 切成片（块） cut...into small pieces切成小块 （4） halfway半途（路） be halfway to doing 做某事（成功了）一半 You are halfway to solving the problem.你就解决这个问题的一半了。 22. else别的 (1) else放后 别的什么 what else 别的哪里where else 别的东西something else 别的某人someone else This is someone else’ s .这是别的某个人的 (2) What else can you see in the picture?在图片中你还能看见别的什么吗? =What other things can you see in the picture?在图片中你还能看见别的什么吗? (3)other+名词 别的... (other放修饰词前） 区别 else 放修饰词后 23.（1）穿，戴 wear - wore （2）wear a hat戴着帽子 wear jeans穿牛仔裤 （3）wear jeans to the party 穿牛仔裤来参加晚会 The boy wore jeans to the party yesterday.But the teacher didn’t let him in. 23. If so,...如果是这样，... If possible,you can...如果可能的话，你可以... If you do, you’ll ...如果你这样做，你将... If you do, you’ll feel sorry.如果你这样做，你将感到抱歉。 If you ...., what will happen?如果你...， 将发生什么？ 24. （1）不定式短语 ： 特殊疑问词+to do sth （2）when to do sth什么时候去做某事 how to do sth怎样去做某事 why to do sth为什么去做某事 where to do sth哪里去做某事 （3） what to do 要做什么=what sb can do能做什么 或者 what sb should do 应该做什么 I don’t know what to do next.=I don’t know what I should do next.我不知道下一步应该做什么。 25. half an hour 半个小时 half the class 半个班（的同学） half of us我们中一半的人 26. at the party在晚会上 27. ...is a good time to do sth ...是一个做...的好时间 ...is the best time to do sth ...是做...的最佳时间 28. 离开得早leave early 29. 三大同义词：...too+形容词+to do sth ... 太...以致于不能... =so...that+句子... 如此...以致于 =not ...enough to do 不是足够的...去做某事 The boy is too lazy to finish his homework.这个男孩太懒了以致于不能完成他的作业。 =The boy is so lazy that he can’t finish his homework.这个男孩太懒了以致于他不能完成他的作业。 =The boy isn’t hardworking enough to finish his homework.这个男孩不是足够的勤快去完成他的作业。 30. （1）give---过去式gave ---giving现在分词 (2)give sb sth给某人某物=give sth to sb给某人某物 He gave me some small gifts on my thirteenth birthday.在我第13个生日那天他给我一些小礼物。 He gave some small gifts to me on my thirteenth birthday. (3)give it to me把它给我 （√） give me it (×) Show it to me把它给我看看 （√） show me it (×) (3) give up sth放弃某物 give up English放弃英语 give up doing放弃做某事 =stop doing sth停止做某事 He gave up smoking last year.去年他放弃抽烟了。（戒烟了） =He stopped smoking last year.去年他停止抽烟了。（戒烟了） 31. （1）告诉，讲述tell----told过去式 (2)tell sb告诫某人 （2）tell sb stories=tell stories to sb 给某人讲故事 （3）tell sb to do sth告诉（叫）某人做某事 tell sb not to do sth叫某人不要做某事 He told me not to play in dangerous places.他告诉我不要到危险的地方玩。 （4） tell sb +that+句子 告诉某人... The teacher told us that the earth travels around the sun.老师告诉我们地球绕着太阳转。 注意：主句可用过去式，但that从句中如果是客观事实或真理，用三单或动词原形。 32. make money挣钱 挣大 (很多）钱 make a lot of money 33. 周游世界travel around the world 34. be famous for ...因...而出名 be famous as...作为...而出名 出名become famous 35. What do you think I should do? 你认为我应该做什么？ 插入语do you think 放特殊疑问词what后，后用主语I+动词（短语）should do 36. （1）worry 动词 worry about sb担心某人= be worried about sb 担心某人 He worried about me last month because of the flu.上个月由于流感他担心我。（worried过去式） =He was worried about me last month because of the flu. （be worried 形容词 担心的、着急的） (2） worry名词 “烦恼、忧愁” worries复数 These days students often have a lot of worries.这些天学生有很多烦恼。 37. （1）have problems 有困难（遇到困难） （2）have problems doing sth做某事有困难 He had some problems making the soccer game.他组建足球队中遇到困难了。 （3） have problems with sth某方面有困难 The girl has problems with her math.这个女孩数学方面有困难。 Also, she has problems with her family.并且，她在家人（相处）方面也有困难。 38. Talking to someone helps a lot.和某个人谈谈帮助很大（很有帮助）。 动词短语（talk to someone) 作主语，动词talk要+ing , 当三单 Playing sports is helpful.做运动是很有帮助的。=Playing sports helps a lot. 39. Unless we talk to someone,we’ll certainly feel worse.如果不和人谈谈，将感到更糟。 =If we don’t talk to someone, we’ll certainly feel worse.(unless=if ...not) 40. be afraid to do sth害怕做某事 be afraid of sb害怕某人 41. keep doing sth 坚持（一直）做某事 42. make careless mistakes犯粗心的错误 43. run away from sth逃离，逃避...We shouldn’t run away from our problems. 44. It’s best to do sth最好做某事 It’s best not to do sth.不做某事是最好的。（最好不做某事） It’s best not to run away from our problems.最好不逃离（逃避）我们的困难。 45. Sharing a problem is like cutting it in half.分享一个问题就像把它分成两半。 share动词“分享，分担”作主语，+ing成动名词，当三单，后面多用is. cut...in half 切...成两半 cut ...into pieces切成片（块） 46. We’re halfway to solving a problem just by talking to someone about it! be halfway to doing 做某事到半路上（已成功了一半） solve a problem by doing sth靠做...方式来解决问题 47. The worst thing is to do nothing.最糟糕的事情就是什么也不做。 ...be to do sth My job is to teach English. His dream is to be a pianist. 48. （1）lose--lost 动词“丢失，失去” lose his job 失去工作 （2）be lost =get lost走丢，迷路 （3） her lost wallet她的丢失的钱包 lost形容词“丢失的” 49.get some advice from sb从某人那里得到建议 50.an old people’s home一个老年人之家（敬老院） 51.end（1）名词“结尾，结束，最后”at the end of ...在...的最后 In the end,...最后，... (2)动词“结束”--ended The meeting ended at 5:00 yesterday afternoon. 会议昨天下午5点结束。 (3)end with...以...结束 start with ... 以...开始 52.clean ... 打扫... clean up the...大扫除(清扫彻底）... clean-up 名词“大扫除” 53.visit ...动词“参观，拜访...” a visit to ... 一次...访问（名词，访问） 54.fight with sb =have a fight with sb与某人打架（吵架） get into ...陷入...中 , 进入 ... get into a fight with sb陷入和某人争吵中 55. If ...+ 动原或三单..., ..will... 如果... , ...将... If ...+ don’t/doesn’t..., ..will... 如果不... , ...将... If ...+ 动原或三单..., ...should/can... 如果..., ...应该/能... If you can’t..., you will ...如果你不能..., 你将... 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$