寒假作业03 被动语态 -【寒假分层作业】2025年九年级英语寒假培优练（人教版）

专题03 被动语态 内容早知道 ☛第一层 巩固提升练（3大考点） 考点一 一般现在时的被动语态 考点二 一般过去时的被动语态 考点三 情态动词的被动语态 ☛第二层 能力培优练 ☛第三层 拓展突破练 一般现在时的被动语态 【知识积累·练前热身】 1.语态 语态是动词的一种形式，表示句子主与谓语的关系。当谓语动词表示一个动作时，它和主语有两种不同的关系： 主语态（The Active Voice）和被动语态The Passive Voice)。 主动语态表示主语是谓语动作的执者；被动语态则表示主语是谓语动作的承受者。 【例句】 Many people speak English. 许多人讲英语。 English is spoken by many people . 英语被许多人讲。 2．被动语态的构成 被动语态由“助动词be＋过去分词”构成，其人称、数和时态的变化都是通过助动词be的不同形式表现出来的。本单元先来学习一般现在时的被动语态。 3．一般现在时的被动语态的各种句式 一般现在时的被动语态的结构为am／is／are＋及物动词的过去分词”，be的单复数形式根据主语而定。如果强调动作或行为的执行者，就用介词“by”引出。 The kite is made by my father.这个风筝是我爸爸制作的。 句式 构成 肯定句形式 主语＋am／is／are＋过去分词+by...)... 否定句形式 主语＋am／is／are＋not＋过去分词（＋by...）... 一般疑问句形式 Am／Is／Are＋主语＋过去分词（+by...）...? 肯定回答：Yes,主语+am/is/are. 否定回答：No,主语+isn’t/aren’t或No, I’m not . 特殊疑问句形式 特殊疑问词＋am／is／are＋主语＋过去分词（＋by...）...? 【知识积累·练前热身】 【教材原句】 Tea plants are grown on the sides of mountains. 茶树被种植在山坡上。 Are the cars made in China？ 这些汽车是中国生产的吗？ What is this kind of sweater made of? 这种毛衣是用什么制成的？ 【难点突破】 主动语态变被动语态的步骤： 1．确定主动句的主语、谓语和宾语； 2．把主动句里的宾语变为被动句里的主语，若主动句里的宾语是人称代词，要将宾格变为主格； 3．把谓语变成被动结构“be＋动词的过去分词”，但时态不能改变； 4．把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后做宾语，若主语是人称代词，应把主格变成宾格。 主动语态：主语＋谓语＋宾语... 被动语态：主语 +be done +by... We clean the classroom every day. The classroom is cleaned by us every day. 【注意】 ①by 短语有时可以省略。 【教材原句】 People grow tea in Hangzhou.人们在杭州种植茶叶。 →Tea is grown (by people) in Hangzhou.茶叶在杭州（被人们）种植。 ②如果主动句中有两个宾语（直接宾语和间接宾语），可以把其中任意一个变成被动句的主语。 My teacher gives me a lot of books.（主动语态） 主语 谓语 间宾 直宾 我的老师给我许多书。 被动语态： I am given a lot of books by my teacher. A lot of books are given to me by my teacher. 【巩固练习】 1．Breakfast ________ every day for people aged over 60 for free in Shijiazhuang. A．provides B．provided C．is provided D．was provided 2．Different kinds of food ________ by the workers in our school dining hall every day during lunchtime. A．serve B．will serve C．will be served D．are served 3．—Who will be the winner of the game show? —No one can know the result until it ________ tomorrow morning. A．will be announced B．will announce C．is announced D．announces 4．—Will you come to the dinner party? —I won’t come until Alice _______. A．will be invited B．will invite C．is invited D．invites 5．— When will you hand in your report on films, Nancy? — Not until it ________ next week, Sir. A．finishes B．will finish C．is finished D．will be finished 6．Miss Zhang ______ by all of us because his classes are always ______ and interesting. A．loves, lively B．loves, living C．is loved, lively D．is loved, living 7．You can get money back if the play ________ because of unknown situations. A．cancels B．will cancel C．is cancelled D．will be cancelled 8．—Uncle Wang, may I visit the museum with you? —OK, dear, if your homework ________. A．is finished B．has finished C．was finished D．will finish 9．—Mum, can I go to the Bifengxia Zoo with Jack this weekend? —When your homework ________, you can. A．is done B．was handed in C．will be completed D．had been finished 10．Whenever you ________, pay no attention to it. Believe in yourself. You are the best and only. A．laugh at B．be laughed at C．being laughed D．are laughed at 一般过去时的被动语态 【知识积累·练前热身】 概念:表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，主语是动作的承受者。 句型结构: 1.肯定句:主语+was/were+及物动词的过去分词+其他。 He was chosen to work for the village. 他被选上为这个村庄工作。 2.否定句:主语+was/ were + not+及物动词的过去分词十其他。 He wasn't chosen to work for the village. 他没有被选上为这个村庄工作。 3.一般疑问句:Was/Were+主语+及物动词的过去分词+其他? 肯定回答:Yes,主语+was/were. 否定回答:No,主语+was/were + not. —Was he chosen to work for the village? 他被选上为这个村庄工作了吗? —Yes, he was./No, he wasn't. 是的,他被选上了。/不,他没被选上。 4.特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+及物动词的过去分词+其他? When was the picture taken? 这张照片是什么时候拍的? ★注意 1.主动句中若有双宾语,则将其中一个宾语作为被动句的主语,另一个宾语不变。[动词make,buy,get的间接宾语(指人)前用for;动词give,send, lend则用to]。 2.不使用被动语态的几种情况: (1)不及物动词或不及物动词短语不能用被动语态,如:die, happen, take place等; (2)感官动词、某些系动词没有被动语态,如:feel, become, look, seem等; (3)有些动词用主动形式表示被动意义。 This pen writes well. 这支钢笔很好写。 【巩固练习】 1．As we know, the world’s first seismograph (地动仪) _________ in the Eastern Han Dynasty by Zhang Heng. A．invents B．invented C．is invented D．was invented 2．The 81st World Science Fiction Convention (大会) ________ successfully in Chengdu last October. A．held B．was held C．was holding 3．The telephone ________ in 1876. A．invented B．is invented C．was invented D．were invented 4．—How beautiful Daying is now! —Great changes ________ in Daying since it ________ in 1997. A．have taken place; was founded B．has taken place; was founded C．have been taken place; founded D．took place; founded 5．Before the meeting started, the speaker ________ to wait out of the hall. A．is asked B．was asked C．asked D．asks 6．Many new books ________ to children in the village last week. A．sent B．are sent C．was sent D．were sent 7．The books ________ to the poor children last week. A．was given B．gave C．were given D．give 8．—Why have I never seen this kind of 5G mobile phone? —Because it ________ by Huawei last week. A．was produced B．produced C．has produced D．was producing 9．— Oh, the room is too dirty, Tony! — Sorry, Mom. It ________ yesterday. I forgot to do it. A．didn’t clean B．isn’t cleaned C．cleaned D．wasn’t cleaned 10．AI (人工智能) has had a great influence on our leaning ways since it ________. A．introduce B．introduced C．is introduced D．was introduced 情态动词的被动语态 【知识积累·练前热身】 （一）、语法概述 含情态动词的被动语态的基本构成是：情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词。常考的情态动词有：should, can/could, must, may/might, need （二）、含有情态动词的被动语态的句式结构 句式 结构 肯定句 主语＋情态动词＋be done（＋by＋宾语） 否定句 主语＋情态动词＋not＋be done（＋by＋宾语) 一般疑问句 情态动词＋主语＋be done（＋by＋宾语) 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词＋情态动词＋主语＋be done（＋by＋宾语) 【知识积累·练前热身】 Eg.English must be used in the English club. 在英语俱乐部必须使用英语。 Magazines can’t be taken out of the library.不能把杂志带出图书馆。 Should the rules be changed? 这些规章制度应该改吗？ When can the bridge be completed? 这座桥什么时候能够完工？ （三）含有情态动词的主动句和被动句之间的转换 1.把主动句的宾语变为被动句的主语； 2.把主动句中的谓语变为“情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词”； 3.主动句的主语在被动句中变为by的宾语； 4.其他成分不变。 【巩固练习】 1．More mistakes ________ and corrected if you go over the paper carefully for the second time. A．are found B．have been found C．can be found D．will find 2．—It’s too difficult to get to the other side of the river. —I think a bridge ________ over the river. A．should be built B．should build C．will build D．was built 3．Don’t put off today’s work for tomorrow. I mean, today’s work _________ today. A．may do B．must do C．can do D．must be done 4．The traffic is so busy in our city that more new roads __________. A．should be built B．should build C．have built D．build 5．During the Tang Dynasty, nearly everything produced in the world ______ on the streets of Chang’an. A．found B．is found C．will be found D．could be found 6．—Tom is always careless with his homework. Could you help him? —No problem! I think he ________ to think twice before starting. A．can be telling B．can tell C．should tell D．should be told 7．—The project ________ by the end of next month. Can you finish it? —Of course I can. A．must complete B．must be completed C．completed D．was completed 8．—I think cooking ________ as an important part of education in China. —I agree. All of us should learn to cook. A．must regard B．must be regarded C．mustn’t regard D．mustn’t be regarded 9．During the Tang Dynasty (唐朝), nearly everything produced in the world ________ on the streets of Chang’an. A．can find B．could find C．can be found D．could be found 10．Our teacher said that our homework must ________ tomorrow. A．hand in B．be hand in C．be handed in D．handed in 一、完形填空 请认真阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项. Michael Stone always dreamed of flying. His mother told him many stories and they 1 his dreams with color and beauty. 2 his dad only believed in hard work. He always said, “Dreams depend on hard work!” From the age of 14, Michael started to train as a pole vaulter (撑杆跳高运动员). He practised weightlifting (举重) and running every day, and he also helped his parents with 3 farm work. His mother thought he was too tired and wished he could 4 a bit more. However, his father would say, “If you want 5 , work for it!” Now Michael was standing in the sports center 6 one of the final vaulters in the National Junior Olympics. 7 some warm-up exercise, he picked up his pole, and stepped on the runway. Suddenly he became 8 . He never experienced this before. Then he thought of his mother. She 9 told him to take a deep breath when he felt nervous. So he did. Slowly the uncomfortable 10 was gone. He gently put down his pole, and began to stretch (伸展) out his arms and legs. And then, he 11 picked up his pole again. He knew it was his time to fly. He took a deep breath and began sprinting (冲刺) down the runway. It happened! He began to 12 , just like in his childhood dreams. Only this time he knew he wasn’t dreaming. The loud cheers brought Michael back. He could imagine the 13 on his parents’ faces. His life would never be the same. It wasn’t because he won the National Junior Olympics and 14 a new world record. And it wasn’t because he just reached his personal 15 . It was simply because Michael Stone was blind. 1．A．filled B．left C．put D．told 2．A．Also B．So C．But D．Or 3．A．his B．her C．their D．our 4．A．help B．relax C．improve D．practice 5．A．everything B．anything C．nothing D．something 6．A．for B．as C．to D．among 7．A．After B．Before C．During D．When 8．A．excited B．shy C．nervous D．energetic 9．A．always B．seldom C．hardly D．never 10．A．smell B．memory C．taste D．feeling 11．A．politely B．carefully C．clearly D．easily 12．A．jump B．fly C．run D．cry 13．A．anger B．sadness C．smile D．pain 14．A．kept B．broke C．found D．set 15．A．best B．farthest C．worst D．most 二、阅读理解 A According to a new study, birds are building their nests (巢) with rubbish. The rubbish includes cigarette butts (烟头) and plastic bags. A group of European scientists looked into about 35,000 studies on bird nests. They found that birds have used man-made things in nests almost everywhere on Earth except Antarctica. Some rubbish seems to be helpful. This is why birds “like” putting it in their nests. For example, cigarette butts have some chemicals (化学品), so they can keep insects away and protect the young birds. Plastic bags are useful in keeping the animals warm, and other hard things, such as paper cards, can make nests stronger. However, in the end, human rubbish may only bring more harm to birds. The toxic (毒的) chemicals in cigarettes hurt the the young birds. They may get sick or have shorter lives, according to a 2014 study. To make matters worse, if the cigarette still burns when the bird brings it back to its home, it may set fire to the nest. Pieces of fishing net may also trap (缠住) birds, and it’s impossible for them to get out by themselves. If the young birds eat other kinds of rubbish by accident, they will also get hurt. Our friends in the air are feeling the bad effects of humans polluting the environment. 16．The European scientists found that ________. A．there is human rubbish in the nests of many birds B．some people help birds build their nests by hand C．there are almost no birds living in Antarctica D．birds can help humans clean the environment 17．How can cigarette butts “help” birds? A．They can make nests stronger. B．They can keep birds warm. C．They can stop insects getting close. D．They can be the birds’ good food. 18．What does the underlined word “They” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A．Humans. B．Birds. C．Chemicals. D．Rubbish. 19．Where will we probably read the passage? A．In a travel guide. B．On a parenting website. C．In a story book. D．In a newspaper. B “I’ve told you a million times: put your dirty clothes away!” “Go to do your homework right now!” 20 Many of you may answer “yes”. Anyway, there are many chances to drive your parents angry. Parents become angry and upset for many reasons. Sometimes they’re thinking about their own experiences. For example, some parents did poorly in school when they were kids, and they worry that their kids will get bad grades just like they did. Parents also worry about mistakes they may have made in raising their children. If their kids do something wrong, the parents might think they didn’t teach their kids well enough. 21 If their son or daughter spends an hour a day playing video games now, what will happen in five years? It seems like parents can be unreasonable (不明理的) sometimes, but they are just hoping for the best for you. 22 Here is some advice on how to have a stronger relationship with your parents. These days, it’s easy to send a message or talk online. But face-to-face communication is still important. 23 Next, when you find yourself getting angry with your parents, pause (暂停) and try to relax before you continue. Put yourself in their shoes (换位思考) and try to understand their opinions. Then you can tell them your needs. 24 But with healthy communication and understanding, maybe next time it doesn’t have to lead to a fight. A．Parents also worry about the future. B．What causes your parents to get so angry? C．Do you often hear these angry words from your parents? D．Take a few minutes a day to sit down and talk with your parents. E．A good relationship with your parents can make them less worried. F．Dirty clothes on the floor will probably still drive your parents crazy. 1．（2023·内蒙古·中考真题）—Students in our school ________ to swim in the rivers or lakes alone. —That’s true. After all, safety must come first. A．allow B．don’t allow C．aren’t allowed D．is allowed 2．（2023·江苏徐州·中考真题）The Monkey King is a traditional Chinese character. It ________ by people of all ages. A．is loved B．was loved C．will love D．is loving 3．（2023·辽宁丹东·中考真题）Tea is very popular in the world. It ________ in many different areas in China now. A．produces B．produced C．is produced D．was produced 4．（2023·北京·中考真题）The park is getting more and more beautiful because more kinds of flowers ________ every year. A．are planted B．were planted C．plant D．planted 5．（2023·湖北鄂州·中考真题）—What language ________ in Germany? —Most people speak German, but many can speak English, too. A．speak B．is spoken C．is speaking D．speaks 6．（2023·河北·中考真题）Breakfast ________ every day for people aged over 60 for free in this village. A．provides B．provided C．is provided D．was provided 7．（2023·内蒙古·中考真题）—What a mess! The sharing bikes ________ everywhere. —Let’s collect and put them in the right place so that they can be used conveniently. A．throw B．threw C．is thrown D．are thrown 8．（2023·广西贵港·中考真题）— People ________ to take their temperatures before they go into the supermarket during the COVID-19 pandemic (新冠疫情). — I think it’s a good way to protect ourselves. A．are asking B．are asked C．asked D．ask 9．（2023·辽宁鞍山·中考真题）—The traffic is more convenient than before. —Yes. Another bridge ________ over this river last year. A．is built B．was built C．builds D．will be built 10．（2024·江苏南通·中考真题）—It’s a pity! A music fan like you didn’t go to Nantong Music Festival. —I knew it ________ several weeks ago. But I was on business. A．is held B．will be held C．was held D．held 11．（2023·新疆·中考真题）—Hanfu lovers ________ walking down the street in many cities. —Well, wearing hanfu helps to understand the Chinese culture. A．can be found B．can find C．must be found D．must find 12．（2023·湖北黄石·中考真题）—Do you think junior high school students ________ to get their ears pierced? —No, I don’t think so. It is against the school rules. A．should allow B．allow C．have allowed D．should be allowed 13．（2023·贵州黔西·中考真题）—More trees need to be planted in the northwest of China —Yes. With enough trees, sandstorms（沙尘暴）could ________. A．protect B．be protected C．stop D．be stopped 14．（2023·四川眉山·中考真题）Mark thinks he ________ to choose his own clothes, because he is no longer a child. A．should allow B．should be allowed C．shouldn’t allow D．shouldn’t be allowed 15．（2023·广西贵港·中考真题）—Mum, could I help you take out the rubbish? —Sure. But it ________ into different kinds for recycling first. A．separates B．should separate C．was separated D．should be separated 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！34 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题03 被动语态 内容早知道 ☛第一层 巩固提升练（3大考点） 考点一 一般现在时的被动语态 考点二 一般过去时的被动语态 考点三 情态动词的被动语态 ☛第二层 能力培优练 ☛第三层 拓展突破练 一般现在时的被动语态 【知识积累·练前热身】 1.语态 语态是动词的一种形式，表示句子主与谓语的关系。当谓语动词表示一个动作时，它和主语有两种不同的关系： 主语态（The Active Voice）和被动语态The Passive Voice)。 主动语态表示主语是谓语动作的执者；被动语态则表示主语是谓语动作的承受者。 【例句】 Many people speak English. 许多人讲英语。 English is spoken by many people . 英语被许多人讲。 2．被动语态的构成 被动语态由“助动词be＋过去分词”构成，其人称、数和时态的变化都是通过助动词be的不同形式表现出来的。本单元先来学习一般现在时的被动语态。 3．一般现在时的被动语态的各种句式 一般现在时的被动语态的结构为am／is／are＋及物动词的过去分词”，be的单复数形式根据主语而定。如果强调动作或行为的执行者，就用介词“by”引出。 The kite is made by my father.这个风筝是我爸爸制作的。 句式 构成 肯定句形式 主语＋am／is／are＋过去分词+by...)... 否定句形式 主语＋am／is／are＋not＋过去分词（＋by...）... 一般疑问句形式 Am／Is／Are＋主语＋过去分词（+by...）...? 肯定回答：Yes,主语+am/is/are. 否定回答：No,主语+isn’t/aren’t或No, I’m not . 特殊疑问句形式 特殊疑问词＋am／is／are＋主语＋过去分词（＋by...）...? 【知识积累·练前热身】 【教材原句】 Tea plants are grown on the sides of mountains. 茶树被种植在山坡上。 Are the cars made in China？ 这些汽车是中国生产的吗？ What is this kind of sweater made of? 这种毛衣是用什么制成的？ 【难点突破】 主动语态变被动语态的步骤： 1．确定主动句的主语、谓语和宾语； 2．把主动句里的宾语变为被动句里的主语，若主动句里的宾语是人称代词，要将宾格变为主格； 3．把谓语变成被动结构“be＋动词的过去分词”，但时态不能改变； 4．把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后做宾语，若主语是人称代词，应把主格变成宾格。 主动语态：主语＋谓语＋宾语... 被动语态：主语 +be done +by... We clean the classroom every day. The classroom is cleaned by us every day. 【注意】 ①by 短语有时可以省略。 【教材原句】 People grow tea in Hangzhou.人们在杭州种植茶叶。 →Tea is grown (by people) in Hangzhou.茶叶在杭州（被人们）种植。 ②如果主动句中有两个宾语（直接宾语和间接宾语），可以把其中任意一个变成被动句的主语。 My teacher gives me a lot of books.（主动语态） 主语 谓语 间宾 直宾 我的老师给我许多书。 被动语态： I am given a lot of books by my teacher. A lot of books are given to me by my teacher. 【巩固练习】 1．Breakfast ________ every day for people aged over 60 for free in Shijiazhuang. A．provides B．provided C．is provided D．was provided 【答案】C 【详解】句意：石家庄每天为60岁以上的老人免费提供早餐。 考查时态和语态。根据“Breakfast...every day for people”可知，主语Breakfast和谓语动词provide之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，应该用被动语态，排除A、B；根据“every day”可知，本句时态为一般现在时，排除D。故选C。 2．Different kinds of food ________ by the workers in our school dining hall every day during lunchtime. A．serve B．will serve C．will be served D．are served 【答案】D 【详解】句意：每天午餐时间，我们学校食堂的工人都会提供不同种类的食物。 考查被动语态。serve提供，动词原形；will serve用于一般将来时；will be served用于一般将来时的被动语态；are served用于一般现在时的被动语态。主语是Different kinds of food和谓语动词serve之间存在被动关系，其结构是be done的形式，根据“every day”可知，是一般现在时的被动语态，主语是复数， be动词用are。故选D。 3．—Who will be the winner of the game show? —No one can know the result until it ________ tomorrow morning. A．will be announced B．will announce C．is announced D．announces 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——谁会是竞赛节目的获胜者？——直到明早宣布才有人知道结果。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。announce“宣布”，动词。not...until引导时间状语从句，主句包含现在时的情态动词can，所以从句采用一般现在时，从句主语it和动词announce之间是被动关系，所以空格处用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构是：am/is/are+动词过去分词，主语it表示单数，be动词用is，announce用过去分词announced。故选C。 4．—Will you come to the dinner party? —I won’t come until Alice _______. A．will be invited B．will invite C．is invited D．invites 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你会来参加晚宴吗？——直到Alice被邀请，我才会来。 考查时态和语态。句子为not...until引导的时间状语从句，时态遵循“主将从现”原则，Alice与invite之间是被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态。故选C。 5．— When will you hand in your report on films, Nancy? — Not until it ________ next week, Sir. A．finishes B．will finish C．is finished D．will be finished 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——南希，你什么时候交关于电影的报告呢？——先生，要到下周它被完成了才行。 考查时间状语从句的时态和被动语态。此处是until引导的时间状语从句，遵循“主将从现”的原则，句子的主语“it”指代“report”，与动词“finish”之间是被动关系，报告是被完成的，所以要用被动语态，一般现在时的被动语态形式就是“is+过去分词”，“finish”的过去分词是“finished”。故选C。 6．Miss Zhang ______ by all of us because his classes are always ______ and interesting. A．loves, lively B．loves, living C．is loved, lively D．is loved, living 【答案】C 【详解】句意：张老师深受大家喜爱，因为他的课总是生动有趣。 考查被动语态和形容词辨析。根据“by all of us”可知主语和谓语是被动关系，用被动语态be done，排除AB；living活的；lively生动的。根据“his classes are always...and interesting”可知他的课很生动。故选C。 7．You can get money back if the play ________ because of unknown situations. A．cancels B．will cancel C．is cancelled D．will be cancelled 【答案】C 【详解】句意：如果由于未知情况而取消比赛，你可以获得退款。 考查动词时态。根据“You can get money back if the play …because of unknown situations.”可知，此处为if引导的条件状语从句，主句中含情态动词can，从句应用一般现在时，且谓语动词cancel和主语为动宾关系，因此此处为一般现在时的被动语态，主语为单数名词，其结构为is+done。故选C。 8．—Uncle Wang, may I visit the museum with you? —OK, dear, if your homework ________. A．is finished B．has finished C．was finished D．will finish 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——王叔叔，我可以和你一起参观博物馆吗？——好的，亲爱的，如果你的作业做完了的话。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。is finished是一般现在时的被动语态；has finished是现在完成时；was finished是一般过去时的被动语态；will finish是一般将来时。答语是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，即主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。空格位于从句，用一般现在时，主语your homework和谓语动词finish之间存在被动关系，用被动语态。一般现在时的被动语态结构为“am/is/are+过去分词”，主语your homework是不可数名词，be动词用is。故选A。 9．—Mum, can I go to the Bifengxia Zoo with Jack this weekend? —When your homework ________, you can. A．is done B．was handed in C．will be completed D．had been finished 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——妈妈，这个周末我能和杰克去碧峰峡动物园吗？——当你的作业完成时，你可以去。 考查动词时态和被动语态。do做；hand in提交；complete完成；finish完成。when引导的时间状语从句，从句用一般现在时。主语homework和动词之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，只有A选项符合。故选A。 10．Whenever you ________, pay no attention to it. Believe in yourself. You are the best and only. A．laugh at B．be laughed at C．being laughed D．are laughed at 【答案】D 【详解】句意：无论何时你被嘲笑，都不要在意。相信自己。你是最好的，也是唯一的。 考查被动语态。根据“Whenever you...pay no attention to it”可知此处表示“被嘲笑”，结构为be done，时态为一般现在时，主语是you，动词用are。故选D。 一般过去时的被动语态 【知识积累·练前热身】 概念:表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，主语是动作的承受者。 句型结构: 1.肯定句:主语+was/were+及物动词的过去分词+其他。 He was chosen to work for the village. 他被选上为这个村庄工作。 2.否定句:主语+was/ were + not+及物动词的过去分词十其他。 He wasn't chosen to work for the village. 他没有被选上为这个村庄工作。 3.一般疑问句:Was/Were+主语+及物动词的过去分词+其他? 肯定回答:Yes,主语+was/were. 否定回答:No,主语+was/were + not. —Was he chosen to work for the village? 他被选上为这个村庄工作了吗? —Yes, he was./No, he wasn't. 是的,他被选上了。/不,他没被选上。 4.特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+及物动词的过去分词+其他? When was the picture taken? 这张照片是什么时候拍的? ★注意 1.主动句中若有双宾语,则将其中一个宾语作为被动句的主语,另一个宾语不变。[动词make,buy,get的间接宾语(指人)前用for;动词give,send, lend则用to]。 2.不使用被动语态的几种情况: (1)不及物动词或不及物动词短语不能用被动语态,如:die, happen, take place等; (2)感官动词、某些系动词没有被动语态,如:feel, become, look, seem等; (3)有些动词用主动形式表示被动意义。 This pen writes well. 这支钢笔很好写。 【巩固练习】 1．As we know, the world’s first seismograph (地动仪) _________ in the Eastern Han Dynasty by Zhang Heng. A．invents B．invented C．is invented D．was invented 【答案】D 【详解】句意：众所周知，世界上第一台地动仪是东汉张衡发明的。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据“As we know, the world’s first seismograph…in the Eastern Han Dynasty by Zhang Heng.”可知，主语“the world’s first seismograph”与谓语动词“invent”之间是动宾关系，因此谓语部分应为被动语态，又因为句子时态为一般过去时，因此空处应为一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为：was/were+ done，主语为名词单数，助动词应为was。故选D。 2．The 81st World Science Fiction Convention (大会) ________ successfully in Chengdu last October. A．held B．was held C．was holding 【答案】B 【详解】句意：去年10月，第81届世界科幻大会在成都成功举办。 考查时态及语态。根据“last October”可知，句子时态为一般过去时；分析句子结构可知，句子主语与空处为逻辑上的动宾关系，用被动语态，B项符合。故选B。 3．The telephone ________ in 1876. A．invented B．is invented C．was invented D．were invented 【答案】C 【详解】句意：电话是1876年发明的。 考查一般过去时态的被动语态。根据“in 1876”可知，时态为一般过去时；主语The telephone与谓语invent是逻辑上的动宾关系，要用被动语态。一般过去时态的被动语态结构为was/were done。因为主语为The telephone，单数，此题中一般过去时态的被动语态结构应为was invented。故选C。 4．—How beautiful Daying is now! —Great changes ________ in Daying since it ________ in 1997. A．have taken place; was founded B．has taken place; was founded C．have been taken place; founded D．took place; founded 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——大英现在多美啊！——大英自1997年成立以来，发生了翻天覆地的变化。 考查时态及语态。根据“since it ... in 1997”可知，第一空用现在完成时，take place是一个不及物动词短语，所以不能用于被动语态，主语是复数，助动词用have；根据“in 1997”可知，第二空用一般过去时，主语it与found是被动关系，因此用一般过去时的被动语态。故选A。 5．Before the meeting started, the speaker ________ to wait out of the hall. A．is asked B．was asked C．asked D．asks 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在会议开始前，发言者被要求在大厅外等候。 考查一般过去时被动语态。主语speaker与动词ask之间是被动关系，且根据“Before the meeting started”可知，此句应用一般过去时被动语态，结构是was/were done。故选B。 6．Many new books ________ to children in the village last week. A．sent B．are sent C．was sent D．were sent 【答案】D 【详解】句意：上周，许多新书被送给农村的孩子。 考查时态和语态。主语“Many new books”和动词“send”是动宾关系，结合“last week”可知，句子是一般过去时的被动语态，助动词用were。故选D。 7．The books ________ to the poor children last week. A．was given B．gave C．were given D．give 【答案】C 【详解】句意：上周书被给了穷孩子们。 考查动词的时态。last week“上周”，用一般过去时，动词用过去式，主语是books和give之间存在被动关系，句子应用被动语态，结构为be done，主语是复数，be动词用were，give的过去分词是given，选C。 8．—Why have I never seen this kind of 5G mobile phone? —Because it ________ by Huawei last week. A．was produced B．produced C．has produced D．was producing 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——为什么我从来没见过这种5G手机？——因为它是华为上周生产的。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。分析句子结构可知，主语“it”指代“this kind of 5G mobile phone”，与动词produce“生产”为被动关系，应用被动语态；再根据“last week”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，所以这里是一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为was/were done；主语“it”为第三人称单数，be动词用was，produce的过去分词为produced。故选A。 9．— Oh, the room is too dirty, Tony! — Sorry, Mom. It ________ yesterday. I forgot to do it. A．didn’t clean B．isn’t cleaned C．cleaned D．wasn’t cleaned 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——哦，房间太脏了，托尼！——对不起，妈妈。昨天没打扫。我忘记做这件事了。 考查动词的时态和语态。根据“yesterday”可知，此处时态为一般过去时，结合前文“Oh, the room is too dirty, Tony!”可知，此处指的是房间没有被打扫，所以主语It与clean之间构成被动语态，考查一般过去时的被动语态，结构为：was+过去分词。故选D。 10．AI (人工智能) has had a great influence on our leaning ways since it ________. A．introduce B．introduced C．is introduced D．was introduced 【答案】D 【详解】句意：自从人工智能被引入以来，它对我们的学习方式产生了巨大影响。 考查动词时态和一般过去时的被动语态。根据“AI (人工智能) has had a great influence on our leaning ways since it ….”可知，此句为现在完成时态，使用since连接从句，从句部分用一般过去时；此处it和动词之前属于被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为was done。故选D 情态动词的被动语态 【知识积累·练前热身】 （一）、语法概述 含情态动词的被动语态的基本构成是：情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词。常考的情态动词有：should, can/could, must, may/might, need （二）、含有情态动词的被动语态的句式结构 句式 结构 肯定句 主语＋情态动词＋be done（＋by＋宾语） 否定句 主语＋情态动词＋not＋be done（＋by＋宾语) 一般疑问句 情态动词＋主语＋be done（＋by＋宾语) 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词＋情态动词＋主语＋be done（＋by＋宾语) 【知识积累·练前热身】 Eg.English must be used in the English club. 在英语俱乐部必须使用英语。 Magazines can’t be taken out of the library.不能把杂志带出图书馆。 Should the rules be changed? 这些规章制度应该改吗？ When can the bridge be completed? 这座桥什么时候能够完工？ （三）含有情态动词的主动句和被动句之间的转换 1.把主动句的宾语变为被动句的主语； 2.把主动句中的谓语变为“情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词”； 3.主动句的主语在被动句中变为by的宾语； 4.其他成分不变。 【巩固练习】 1．More mistakes ________ and corrected if you go over the paper carefully for the second time. A．are found B．have been found C．can be found D．will find 【答案】C 【详解】句意：如果你再认真检查一遍试卷，更多的错误会被发现并得到纠正。 考查条件状语从句和含情态动词的被动语态。根据if可知，本句为条件状语从句，符合“主将从现、主情从现”原则，即主句为一般将来时或含有情态动词，从句为一般现在时。本句中mistakes和find之间存在被动关系，应用被动语态，因此主句应使用一般将来时的被动语态或含情态动词的被动语态。故选C。 2．—It’s too difficult to get to the other side of the river. —I think a bridge ________ over the river. A．should be built B．should build C．will build D．was built 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——要到河的对岸太难了。——我认为应该在这条河上建一座桥。 考查被动语态。主语是“bridge”，与动词“build”之间存在被动关系，联系语境，表示应该被建立，因此运用情态动词should的被动语态，其结构为“should be done”。故选A。 3．Don’t put off today’s work for tomorrow. I mean, today’s work _________ today. A．may do B．must do C．can do D．must be done 【答案】D 【详解】句意：不要把今天的工作推迟到明天。我的意思是，今天的工作必须在今天完成。 考查被动语态。“today’s work”与动词do是被动关系，此处用被动语态；根据“Don’t put off today’s work for tomorrow.”可知，今天的工作必须在今天完成，表示“必须”用must。故选D。 4．The traffic is so busy in our city that more new roads __________. A．should be built B．should build C．have built D．build 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们城市的交通如此繁忙，应该修建更多的新路。 考查含有情态动词的被动语态。“more new roads”是动词“build”的承受者，应用被动语态；含有情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+ be+过去分词。故选A。 5．During the Tang Dynasty, nearly everything produced in the world ______ on the streets of Chang’an. A．found B．is found C．will be found D．could be found 【答案】D 【详解】句意：在唐代，世界上生产的几乎所有东西都可以在长安的街道上找到。 考查被动语态。主语“nearly everything produced in the world”与动词find之间是被动关系，且根据时间状语“During the Tang Dynasty”可知，此处应用一般过去时的被动语态，这里表示“可以、能够被找到”，应用情态动词could的被动语态。故选D。 6．—Tom is always careless with his homework. Could you help him? —No problem! I think he ________ to think twice before starting. A．can be telling B．can tell C．should tell D．should be told 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——汤姆总是对他的作业很粗心。你能帮助他吗？——没问题！我认为他应该被告知三思而后行。 考查含情态动词的被动语态。主语he是动作tell的承受者，应是“被告知”，故用被动语态，结合选项可知，含情态动词的被动语态结构为：情态动词+be+done。故选D。 7．—The project ________ by the end of next month. Can you finish it? —Of course I can. A．must complete B．must be completed C．completed D．was completed 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——这个项目必须在下个月底之前完成。你能完成它吗？ ——我当然可以。 考查含有情态动词的被动语态。根据“by the end of next month”可知，不能用一般过去时。主语是“The project”,表示被完成要用被动语态，含有情态动词must的被动语态结构：主语+must be done+其他。故选B。 8．—I think cooking ________ as an important part of education in China. —I agree. All of us should learn to cook. A．must regard B．must be regarded C．mustn’t regard D．mustn’t be regarded 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我认为在中国，烹饪应被视为教育的重要部分。——我同意。我们所有人都应该学会做饭。 考查被动语态。主语和谓语是被动关系，此处应用被动语态，根据“as an important part of education in China”可知此处表示“烹饪应被视为教育的重要部分”，用含情态动词的被动语态must be done。故选B。 9．During the Tang Dynasty (唐朝), nearly everything produced in the world ________ on the streets of Chang’an. A．can find B．could find C．can be found D．could be found 【答案】D 【详解】句意：在唐朝，几乎世界上生产的所有东西都可以在长安的街道上找到。 考查动词时态和语态。根据时间状语“During the Tang Dynasty (唐朝)”可知，应用一般过去时；“nearly everything produced in the world”和“find”之间是被动关系，因此应用含有情态动词的被动语态could be done。故选D。 10．Our teacher said that our homework must ________ tomorrow. A．hand in B．be hand in C．be handed in D．handed in 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们老师说我们的作业必须明天交。 考查含有情态动词的被动语态和动词短语。hand in上交。根据主语our homework，结合选项可知，此处语态为被动语态，结构为：be+动词的过去分词；must“必须”，情态动词，后跟动词原形。故选C。 一、完形填空 请认真阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项. Michael Stone always dreamed of flying. His mother told him many stories and they 1 his dreams with color and beauty. 2 his dad only believed in hard work. He always said, “Dreams depend on hard work!” From the age of 14, Michael started to train as a pole vaulter (撑杆跳高运动员). He practised weightlifting (举重) and running every day, and he also helped his parents with 3 farm work. His mother thought he was too tired and wished he could 4 a bit more. However, his father would say, “If you want 5 , work for it!” Now Michael was standing in the sports center 6 one of the final vaulters in the National Junior Olympics. 7 some warm-up exercise, he picked up his pole, and stepped on the runway. Suddenly he became 8 . He never experienced this before. Then he thought of his mother. She 9 told him to take a deep breath when he felt nervous. So he did. Slowly the uncomfortable 10 was gone. He gently put down his pole, and began to stretch (伸展) out his arms and legs. And then, he 11 picked up his pole again. He knew it was his time to fly. He took a deep breath and began sprinting (冲刺) down the runway. It happened! He began to 12 , just like in his childhood dreams. Only this time he knew he wasn’t dreaming. The loud cheers brought Michael back. He could imagine the 13 on his parents’ faces. His life would never be the same. It wasn’t because he won the National Junior Olympics and 14 a new world record. And it wasn’t because he just reached his personal 15 . It was simply because Michael Stone was blind. 1．A．filled B．left C．put D．told 2．A．Also B．So C．But D．Or 3．A．his B．her C．their D．our 4．A．help B．relax C．improve D．practice 5．A．everything B．anything C．nothing D．something 6．A．for B．as C．to D．among 7．A．After B．Before C．During D．When 8．A．excited B．shy C．nervous D．energetic 9．A．always B．seldom C．hardly D．never 10．A．smell B．memory C．taste D．feeling 11．A．politely B．carefully C．clearly D．easily 12．A．jump B．fly C．run D．cry 13．A．anger B．sadness C．smile D．pain 14．A．kept B．broke C．found D．set 15．A．best B．farthest C．worst D．most 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．C 4．B 5．D 6．B 7．A 8．C 9．A 10．D 11．B 12．B 13．C 14．D 15．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了盲人Michael Stone通过努力实现自己梦想的故事。 1．句意：他的母亲给他讲了很多故事，这些故事让他的梦想充满了色彩和美丽。 filled填满；left离开；put放；told告诉。filled with“充满”，故选A。 2．句意：但他的父亲只相信努力工作。 Also也；So因此；But但是；Or或者。前后表转折，故选C。 3．句意：他每天练习举重和跑步，还帮助父母做农活。 his他的；her她的；their他们的；our我们的。此处需用their修饰farm work，指代“父母的农活”，故选C。 4．句意：他的母亲认为他太累了，希望他能再放松一点。 help帮助；relax放松；improve提高；practice练习。根据“His mother thought he was too tired”可知希望他能再放松一点。故选B。 5．句意：如果你想要什么，那就努力吧！ everything每件事；anything任何事；nothing没什么；something某事。根据“If you want…work for it!”可知是指想要某物，就为之努力，故选D。 6．句意：现在，迈克尔正站在体育中心，作为国家青少年奥运会跳高决赛的参赛选手之一。 for为了；as作为；to到；among在……之中。根据“one of the final vaulters in the National Junior Olympics”可知是指作为国家青少年奥运会跳高决赛的参赛选手之一。故选B。 7．句意：经过一番热身运动后，他拿起杆子，踏上跑道。 After在……之后；Before在……之前；During在……期间；When当。根据“some warm-up exercise”可知是指经过一番热身运动后，故选A。 8．句意：突然他变得紧张。 excited兴奋的；shy害羞的；nervous紧张的；energetic精力充沛的。根据“told him to take a deep breath when he felt nervous”可知是变得紧张，故选C。 9．句意：当他感到紧张时，她总是告诉他要深呼吸。 always总是；seldom很少；hardly几乎不；never从不。根据“She…told him to take a deep breath when he felt nervous.”可知是指妈妈总是这样建议，故选A。 10．句意：慢慢地，不舒服的感觉消失了。 smell闻；memory记忆；taste品尝；feeling感受。此处是指前面提到的紧张感受，故选D。 11．句意：然后，他又小心地捡起了杆子。 politely礼貌；carefully小心地；clearly清晰；easily简单。根据“And then, he…picked up his pole again.”可知是指小心地捡起了杆子。故选B。 12．句意：他开始飞翔，就像他儿时的梦想一样。 jump跳；fly飞；run跑；cry哭。根据“Michael Stone always dreamed of flying.”可知梦想是飞翔，故选B。 13．句意：他可以想象父母脸上的笑容。 anger愤怒；sadness悲伤；smile笑；pain疼痛。根据“The loud cheers brought Michael back.”可知他赢得了比赛，因此是指可以想象父母脸上的笑容。故选C。 14．句意：并不是因为他赢得了全国青少年奥运会并创造了新的世界纪录。 kept保持；broke打破；found发现；set设置。根据“a new world record”可知是指创造了新的世界纪录。故选D。 15．句意：这并不是因为他刚刚达到了个人的最佳状态。 best最好；farthest最远；worst最差；most最多。根据“It wasn’t because he won the National Junior Olympics and…a new world record.”可知赢得了比赛，因此是达到了个人的最佳状态。故选A。 二、阅读理解 A According to a new study, birds are building their nests (巢) with rubbish. The rubbish includes cigarette butts (烟头) and plastic bags. A group of European scientists looked into about 35,000 studies on bird nests. They found that birds have used man-made things in nests almost everywhere on Earth except Antarctica. Some rubbish seems to be helpful. This is why birds “like” putting it in their nests. For example, cigarette butts have some chemicals (化学品), so they can keep insects away and protect the young birds. Plastic bags are useful in keeping the animals warm, and other hard things, such as paper cards, can make nests stronger. However, in the end, human rubbish may only bring more harm to birds. The toxic (毒的) chemicals in cigarettes hurt the the young birds. They may get sick or have shorter lives, according to a 2014 study. To make matters worse, if the cigarette still burns when the bird brings it back to its home, it may set fire to the nest. Pieces of fishing net may also trap (缠住) birds, and it’s impossible for them to get out by themselves. If the young birds eat other kinds of rubbish by accident, they will also get hurt. Our friends in the air are feeling the bad effects of humans polluting the environment. 16．The European scientists found that ________. A．there is human rubbish in the nests of many birds B．some people help birds build their nests by hand C．there are almost no birds living in Antarctica D．birds can help humans clean the environment 17．How can cigarette butts “help” birds? A．They can make nests stronger. B．They can keep birds warm. C．They can stop insects getting close. D．They can be the birds’ good food. 18．What does the underlined word “They” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A．Humans. B．Birds. C．Chemicals. D．Rubbish. 19．Where will we probably read the passage? A．In a travel guide. B．On a parenting website. C．In a story book. D．In a newspaper. 【答案】16．A 17．C 18．B 19．D 【导语】本文讲述了鸟类使用垃圾筑巢的现象及其带来的潜在危害。 16．细节理解题。根据“They found that birds have used man-made things in nests almost everywhere on Earth except Antarctica.”可知，欧洲科学家发现很多鸟类的巢里都有人类的垃圾。故选A。 17．细节理解题。根据“For example, cigarette butts have some chemicals, so they can keep insects away and protect the young birds.”可知，烟头中的化学物质阻止昆虫靠近。故选C。 18．词义猜测题。根据前文“The toxic chemicals in cigarettes hurt the young birds.”可知，有毒化学物质会伤害小鸟。此处“They may get sick or have shorter lives”中的“They”指的是小鸟。故选B。 19．推理判断题。本文主要讨论鸟类用垃圾筑巢的现象及其危害，类似报道多见于新闻媒体，所以有可能在报纸上读到这篇文章。故选D。 B “I’ve told you a million times: put your dirty clothes away!” “Go to do your homework right now!” 20 Many of you may answer “yes”. Anyway, there are many chances to drive your parents angry. Parents become angry and upset for many reasons. Sometimes they’re thinking about their own experiences. For example, some parents did poorly in school when they were kids, and they worry that their kids will get bad grades just like they did. Parents also worry about mistakes they may have made in raising their children. If their kids do something wrong, the parents might think they didn’t teach their kids well enough. 21 If their son or daughter spends an hour a day playing video games now, what will happen in five years? It seems like parents can be unreasonable (不明理的) sometimes, but they are just hoping for the best for you. 22 Here is some advice on how to have a stronger relationship with your parents. These days, it’s easy to send a message or talk online. But face-to-face communication is still important. 23 Next, when you find yourself getting angry with your parents, pause (暂停) and try to relax before you continue. Put yourself in their shoes (换位思考) and try to understand their opinions. Then you can tell them your needs. 24 But with healthy communication and understanding, maybe next time it doesn’t have to lead to a fight. A．Parents also worry about the future. B．What causes your parents to get so angry? C．Do you often hear these angry words from your parents? D．Take a few minutes a day to sit down and talk with your parents. E．A good relationship with your parents can make them less worried. F．Dirty clothes on the floor will probably still drive your parents crazy. 【答案】20．C 21．A 22．E 23．D 24．F 【导语】本文主要讲述了父母生气的原因以及如何改善与父母的关系。 20．根据上文“‘I’ve told you a million times: put your dirty clothes away!’ ‘Go to do your homework right now!’”可知，空处的内容与这两句话有关。选项C“你经常听到父母说这些气话吗？”符合语境，故选C。 21．根据下文“If their son or daughter spends an hour a day playing video games now, what will happen in five years?”可知，空处的内容应与父母担心孩子的未来有关。选项A“父母也担心未来。”符合语境，故选A。 22．根据下文“Here is some advice on how to have a stronger relationship with your parents.”可知，空处的内容应与父母建立牢固的关系有关。选项E“与你的父母拥有一个良好的关系能让他们不那么担心。”符合语境，故选E。 23．根据上文“But face-to-face communication is still important.”可知，空处的内容与面对面交流有关。选项D“每天花几分钟时间坐下来和父母谈谈。”符合语境，故选D。 24．根据下文“maybe next time it doesn’t have to lead to a fight”可知，空处的内容与引起父母和孩子间的争吵有关。选项F“地板上的脏衣服可能仍然会让你的父母非常气愤。”符合语境，故选F 1．（2023·内蒙古·中考真题）—Students in our school ________ to swim in the rivers or lakes alone. —That’s true. After all, safety must come first. A．allow B．don’t allow C．aren’t allowed D．is allowed 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我们学校的学生不允许单独在河里或湖里游泳。——确实。毕竟，安全必须放在第一位。 考查被动语态。结合语境，可知句子应用一般现在时。根据“to swim in the rivers or lakes alone”可知，此处表示学生不应该去河里或湖里游泳，主语Students“学生”与动词allow“允许”是被动关系。应用一般现在时态的被动语态。故选C。 2．（2023·江苏徐州·中考真题）The Monkey King is a traditional Chinese character. It ________ by people of all ages. A．is loved B．was loved C．will love D．is loving 【答案】A 【详解】句意：孙悟空是中国的一个传统人物。它受到所有年龄段的人的喜爱。 考查被动语态及动词时态。根据“by”可知，此处是被动语态，指孙悟空被人们喜爱。本句陈述事实，故为一般现在时。故选A。 3．（2023·辽宁丹东·中考真题）Tea is very popular in the world. It ________ in many different areas in China now. A．produces B．produced C．is produced D．was produced 【答案】C 【详解】句意：茶在世界上很受欢迎。现在中国许多不同的地区都产茶。 考查被动语态。根据now可知，此句是一般现在时，主语It与动词produce之间是被动关系，所以此处用一般现在时被动语态am/is/are done的结构，故选C。 4．（2023·北京·中考真题）The park is getting more and more beautiful because more kinds of flowers ________ every year. A．are planted B．were planted C．plant D．planted 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这个公园变得越来越美丽因为每年都有更多种花被种。 考查时态和语态。主语“more kinds of flowers”与动词plant之间是动宾关系，结合“every year”可知用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为am/is/are done。故选A。 5．（2023·湖北鄂州·中考真题）—What language ________ in Germany? —Most people speak German, but many can speak English, too. A．speak B．is spoken C．is speaking D．speaks 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——在德国说哪种语言？——大多数人会说德语，但也有很多人会说英语。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。句子应用一般现在时，句子主语language与动词speak存在逻辑上的被动关系，则句子采用一般现在时的被动语态，其谓语结构为：am/is/are+过去分词。故选B。 6．（2023·河北·中考真题）Breakfast ________ every day for people aged over 60 for free in this village. A．provides B．provided C．is provided D．was provided 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这个村子每天为60岁以上的老人免费提供早餐。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。本句主语Breakfast是动作provide的承受者，结合“every day”可知，是一般现在时，所以用一般现在时的被动语态。故选C。 7．（2023·内蒙古·中考真题）—What a mess! The sharing bikes ________ everywhere. —Let’s collect and put them in the right place so that they can be used conveniently. A．throw B．threw C．is thrown D．are thrown 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——真是一团糟！共享单车随处可见。——让我们把它们收集起来，放在合适的地方，以便方便使用。 考查被动语态。句子主语与动词之间是被动关系，此处应用被动语态，主语是复数名词，be动词用are，故选D。 8．（2023·广西贵港·中考真题）— People ________ to take their temperatures before they go into the supermarket during the COVID-19 pandemic (新冠疫情). — I think it’s a good way to protect ourselves. A．are asking B．are asked C．asked D．ask 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——在新冠肺炎病毒大流行期间，人们在进入超市前被要求测量体温。——我认为这是一个保护我们自己的好方法。 考查被动语态。主语people与动词ask之间是被动关系，表示被要求测体温，故此处用被动语态be done的结构，故选B。 9．（2023·辽宁鞍山·中考真题）—The traffic is more convenient than before. —Yes. Another bridge ________ over this river last year. A．is built B．was built C．builds D．will be built 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——交通比以前更方便了。——是的。去年在这条河上又建了一座桥。 考查被动语态。主语Another bridge和谓语build之间是被动关系，根据“last year”可知句子用一般过去时的被动语态was/were done。故选B。 10．（2024·江苏南通·中考真题）—It’s a pity! A music fan like you didn’t go to Nantong Music Festival. —I knew it ________ several weeks ago. But I was on business. A．is held B．will be held C．was held D．held 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——太可惜了！像你这样的乐迷没有去南通音乐节。——我知道这是几周前举行的。但我是出差。 考查时态和语态。主语it指代“南通音乐节”，和谓语hold“举办”之间是被动关系，根据“several weeks ago”可知此处用一般过去时的被动语态was/were done。故选C。 11．（2023·新疆·中考真题）—Hanfu lovers ________ walking down the street in many cities. —Well, wearing hanfu helps to understand the Chinese culture. A．can be found B．can find C．must be found D．must find 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——在许多城市的大街上都能找到汉服爱好者。——嗯，穿汉服有助于了解中国文化。 考查被动语态。can能够；must必须。“Hanfu lovers”与find是被动关系，所以此处用被动语态，排除B和D选项。此处表示能在大街上找到汉服爱好者，故选A。 12．（2023·湖北黄石·中考真题）—Do you think junior high school students ________ to get their ears pierced? —No, I don’t think so. It is against the school rules. A．should allow B．allow C．have allowed D．should be allowed 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你认为初中学生应该被允许打耳洞吗？——不，我不这么认为。这是违反校规的。 考查被动语态。主语students和动词allow之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，故选D。 13．（2023·贵州黔西·中考真题）—More trees need to be planted in the northwest of China —Yes. With enough trees, sandstorms（沙尘暴）could ________. A．protect B．be protected C．stop D．be stopped 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——中国西北部需要种植更多的树木。——是的。有了足够的树木，沙尘暴就可以被阻止。 考查情态动词的被动语态以及动词辨析。protect保护；stop停止。根据“With enough trees, sandstorms（沙尘暴）could”可知，有了足够的树，沙尘暴才可以被阻止，主语“sandstorms”与谓语动词“stop”是逻辑上的动宾关系，因此使用被动语态；又因题空前“could”可知，这里是情态动词的被动语态，结构是“情态动词+be done”。故选D。 14．（2023·四川眉山·中考真题）Mark thinks he ________ to choose his own clothes, because he is no longer a child. A．should allow B．should be allowed C．shouldn’t allow D．shouldn’t be allowed 【答案】B 【详解】句意：马克认为他应该被允许选择自己的衣服，因为他不再是孩子了。 考查含情态动词的被动语态。he与allow之间是动宾关系，用被动语态；根据“because he is no longer a child”可知是应该被允许选自己的衣服，用肯定句，此处用should be done结构。故选B。 15．（2023·广西贵港·中考真题）—Mum, could I help you take out the rubbish? —Sure. But it ________ into different kinds for recycling first. A．separates B．should separate C．was separated D．should be separated 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——妈妈，我能帮你把垃圾拿出去吗？——确定。但是首先应该把它们分成不同的种类进行回收。 考查时态和语态辨析。主语“it”与动词separate之间是动宾关系，用被动语态；结合常识可知此处讲垃圾应该先被分类，用含情态动词should的被动语态，其结构为should be done。故选D。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！34 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$