Unit 5 Languages around the world Discovering Useful Structures 课件-2024-2025学年高一英语人教版（2019）必修第一册

Unit 5 Language Around the World 关系副词及定语从句 Review: What is the attributive clause？ eg. She is the one who you never forget. 定语 从句 结构： 从句 关系词 修饰名词或代词的句子 先行词 关系词 被修饰的名词或代词 引导定语从句 替代先行词 充当句子成分 关系代词 关系副词 who ,whom, that ,which whose when, where, why 定义： 找（定从）引导词步骤： 断句 找先行词 看定从中缺什么 主干 → 关代 状语 → 关副 主要看V. 定语从句中的关系词及其意义 关系词 指代内容 在定从中充当的 成分 关系 代词 that which who whom whose 人、物 物 主 、宾 宾 人、物（所属关系） 人 人 主、宾、表 主、宾 定 选择关系词的原则：缺什么，补什么 关系副词 句法功能 先行词特征 常见先行词 when where why 状语 表时间 表地点 表原因 关系副词 抽象地点：point, case, stage, activity, position, condition, situation time, moment, day, month, year, period 具体地点：place, house, city, country, world, street reason, excuse Part I 关系副词的指代及功能 when的用法 when表示时间，代替先行词并在定语从句中做时间状语，其先行词往往是表示时间的名词，如time, day, year, month, week, moment, occasion，age，period, stage等。 Eg: I’ll never forget the day when I joined the team . Test: I’ll never forget the day _________ I lived in the mountains. I’ll never forget the day _________ I spent in the mountains. when that/which 7 Eg: The school where my son studies is near a park. They have reached the point where they have to separate with each other. Test:1）This is the house ___________ he was born. 2）This is the house ___________ was set up by his parents. where表示地点，代替先行词并在定语从句中做地点状语，其先行词往往是具体地点place, room, mountain, airport或抽象地点的名词如case, state, condition, point, situation等。 where的用法 where that/ which 8 Eg: Do you know the reason why he is so upset? Test: This is the reason ___________ he was late. This is the reason ___________ he told us for his being late. why表示原因，代替先行词并在定语从句中做原因状语，其先行词是表示理由的名词reason。 why的用法 why that/ which 9 Part II 关系副词与关系代词区别 关系副词与关系代词区别 原则： 中缺什么就补什么 关系代词，代“名词”，定语从句缺名词用关系代词； 关系副词，副词做状语，定语从句中缺状语用关系副词。 Eg. 1. Do you remember the days ( )we chatted with each other all night? 你还记得我们整夜聊天的那些日子吗? 2.Do you remember the days （ ） we spent studying together in the classroom? 你还记得我们在教室一起学习的那些日子吗? when that/which 定语从句 3. I don't know the reason （ ）he didn't turn to his good friend for help yesterday. 我不知道昨天他为什么没向他的好朋友求助。 4. We won't accept the reason （ ） you have given. 我们坚决不接受你给出的那个理由。 5.Can you recognise the house ( )you used to live with your parents? 你能认出你过去和父母一起住的房子吗? 6. Can you recognise the house （ ) Tom sold three years ago? 你能认出汤姆三年前卖的那座房子吗? why that/which where that/which Part III when, where, why可用“介词+关系代词”代替 1. when可以换成 “介词＋which”。 I still remember the day.I came to Beijing on that day. I still remember the day when (＝________ ) I came to Beijing. 2. where可以换成 “介词＋which”。 This is the hotel. They stayed in the hotel. This is the hotel where (＝________ ) they stayed. 这就是他们待过的旅馆。 3. why可以用 “for which” 来代替。 This is the reason. He left in a hurry for this reason. This is the reason why (＝________ ) he left in a hurry. 这是他匆匆离开的原因。 关系副词when, where, why引导定语从句，关系副词可用“介词+关系代词”代替。 on which in which for which 14 1.关系代词的确定 “介词 + 关系代词”引导的定语从句 当先行词是人时，用介词 + whom 引导定语从句： Do you know the girl with ________ our teacher is talking? 当先行词是物时，用介词 + which引导定语从句： This is the room in ___________ my grandmother used to live. whom which on which on which with which (on the day 在那天) (on the farm 在农场) (with the money 用钱) 2. 介词的确定 ①根据先行词的搭配关系： 1) I still remember the day _______ _______ I met TFboys. 2) I will never forget the farm _______ ______ I worked with you. 3) The money _______ _______ you were to buy food is gone. “介词 + 关系代词”引导的定语从句 2. 介词的确定 ②根据谓语动词或形容词的搭配习惯 Do you like the book _______ _______ she spent $10? 2) Do you like the book _______ _______ she paid $10? 3) The West Lake, _______ _______ Hangzhou is famous, is a beautiful place. on which for which for which 二、“介词 + 关系代词”引导的定语从句 2. 介词的确定 ③根据句子的意思来确定 Air, _________ which man can’t live, is really important. 空气非常重要，没有了它人类便不能生存。 2) This is the man _______ whom my brother has worked for ten years. 这就是和我弟弟一起工作了十年的那个人。 without with “介词 + 关系代词”引导的定语从句 2. 介词的确定 ④表示“所有”或“整体的一部分”时通常用介词 “of” He has two sons, _____________ graduated from Peking University. 他有两个儿子，他们都毕业于北京大学。 2) Tom wrote many children’s books, nearly half __________ were about campus culture. 汤姆写了很多儿童书籍，其中将近一半是关于校园文化的。 both of whom of which “介词 + 关系代词”引导的定语从句 用介词 ＋ 关系代词填空。 1. Who is the person _______ _______ you just shook hands? 2. China is a powerful country, _______ _______ we are proud. 3. This is the tree _______ _______ we used to play games. 4. This is my glasses, _______ _______ I can’t see clearly. 5. Do you remember the day _______ _______ you joined our club? with whom without which under which of which on which 即学即练 指原因 关系代词 指代事物 指时间 指地点 所属关系 指代人 关系副词 who, whom, that which, that whose, of which where/ prep. + which when/ prep. + which why/ for which Summary Part IV Practice I.单句语法填空 1）We will never forget the day ________ we flew at an altitude of 6，000 meters in the sky. 2） Finally，we got to a factory，________ many mobile phones of high quality were produced. 3） It’s helpful to put children in a situation ________ they can see themselves differently. 4） This is the house __________ was built by my grandfather forty years ago. 5） I don’t know the reason ________ he didn’t turn to his good friend for help yesterday. 6） I won’t listen to the reason __________ you have given us. when where where that/which why that/which 7) Gone are the days we used “foreign oils”. 8)This is the spot I first met him when I arrived in Beijing for further study . 9)The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% ___ are sold abroad. 10)I was told that there were about 50 foreign students studying Chinese in the school, most ___ were from Germany. 11)I saw a woman running toward me in the dark. Before I could recognize who she was, she had run back in the direction ___ she had come. when where of which of whom where/ from which 12)Do you remember those days __________ we spent along the seashore very happily? 13)She spent the evening talking about the things and persons _______ none of us has ever heard of. 14)As you know, the final exam of this term is around the corner, for __________ I am kind of busy preparing. 15)The accident had reached to a point __________ both their parents are to be called in. 16)Please think up a situation ____________ you can use daily expression. that/which that which where where II. 用恰当的关系代词或关系副词填空，并比较它们的句法功能 1)Do you still remember the days ______we chatted with each other all night? Do you still remember the days __________we spent together on the farm? 2）This is the factory __________ I visited last year. This is the factory __________ he used to work. 3） Is this the museum __________ was built last year? Is this the museum __________ the exhibition was held? III. 判断正误 10）This is the mountain village where I visited last year. （ ） 11）This is the mountain village （that/which） I visited last year. （ ） 12）I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside. （ ） 13）I’ll never forget the days （that/which） I spent in the countryside. （ ） when that/which that/which where that/which where F T F T IV.用适当的关系词完成短文 California，(1)_______official nickname is the Golden State, is one of the fastest growing states in the United States. The first people( 2) _______explored and settled in California were the Spaniards,( 3) ________gave Spanish names to its two great cities, Los Angeles and San Francisco. 1849 was the year (4)______Americans came and so was it the time (5)_______ gold was discovered. The reason (6)______the men (7)______made movies came to California was (8)_______the weather there is fine. The sun allowed them to take pictures outdoors nearly every day in the year. Hollywood, (9)_______lies in the northwestern part of the city of Los Angeles, became the movie capital of the world. When oil was discovered, people came to work in the oil field. World War II was the period (10)_________many large airplane factories were built in California. whose that who when when why who that which when V.完成句子 (1)当地人八年前住的房子被拆毁了。 The house _______________________________________________has been pulled down. (2)他带着急救箱的原因没有人知道。 The reason __________________________________ is unknown (3)和你谈论年度总结（the yearly summary）的那个人是我的朋友。 The man _______________________________________ is my friend. (4)我们上学坐的校车陷入了交通堵塞。 The school bus _______________________________________was trapped in traffic jams. (5)前面有一条弯弯曲曲河流的村庄经历了风风雨雨。 The village _______________________ runs a winding river has gone through ups and downs. where/in which the natives lived eight years ago why/for which he carried a first-aid kit with whom you talked about the yearly summary that/which we took to school in front of which Thank You! $$