辽宁省大连市金州区2023-2024学年八年级上学期期末考试英语试卷

辽宁省大连市金州区2023-2024学年八年级上学期期末英语试卷 一、阅读理解（共4小题；每小题8分；满分32分）第一节 阅读下面语言材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 1．（8分） Fire safety tips HOW to prevent the fire？ 1.Do not cook without an adult. 2.Put a smoke alarm in your house. 3.Be careful around stoves and fireplaces. 4.Never play with matches（火柴） or lighters（打火机）. WHAT to do in a fire？ 1.Don't use the lift! 1.Make sure you are safe before you call 119 for help. 2.Stay close to the floor with a wet cloth to keep away from the smoke.Smoke can be more dangerous than fire. 3.Stop!Drop!Roll! If your clothes catch fire，do these three things immediately! Stop!Running and walking can make fire worse. Drop!Get down on the ground.Cover your face and eyes. Roll!Roll over and over until the flames（火苗） are out. （1）In order to prevent a fire，we'd better 　 　. A.use matches，not lighters B.keep a smoke alarm at home C.cook meals with your classmates （2）Try to 　 　in a fire. A.use the lift B.stay close to the smoke C.cover your face with something wet （3）If your clothes catch fire，you should 　 　. A.call 119 for help immediately B.follow the"stop，drop，roll"rules C.run as fast as you can to stop the flames （4）The text is probably from 　 　 . A.a safety handbook B.a news report C.a science magazine 2．（8分）Have you ever read Charlotte's Web，a famous novel written by E.B.White？It is a story about a spider.She made friends with a pig and helped him. Wilbur was an unlucky pig.When he was born，he was so small that the farmer Mr.Arable decided to end the pig's life.Luckily，Wilbur met the lovely and kind﹣hearted farmer's daughter Fern，she stopped him from killing Wilbur and asked her father to give her the cute pig as her pet in a barnyard（谷仓）. Fern loved Wilbur more than anything.Wilbur grew day by day and made many friends in the barnyard.They are ducks，sheep，a spider and so on.Of all these friends，Wilbur's favorite is Charlotte，a beautiful grey spider. As the days went by，Wilbur grew and grew.He ate three big meals a day.He spent long hours lying on his side，half asleep，dreaming pleasant dreams.He enjoyed good health and he gained a lot of weight（体重）.One day，the old sheep told Wilbur that he would be killed for his meat as Christmas dinner this year.Wilbur turned to Charlotte for help.Day after day the spider waited，head﹣down，for an idea to come to her.Hour by hour she sat there，deep in thought.Finally，she had the idea of writing words extolling for Wilbur，such as"a famous excellent pig"in her web（蜘蛛网）.She makes the farmer believe that Wilbur is some kind of supernatural（神奇的） animal，too important to kill. Thanks to Charlotte's efforts，Wilbur not only lived but also won a special prize（奖项）.With the help of Charlotte，Wilbur became the only pig to see the spring. Usually，many people are afraid of spiders，but the writer made a spider the hero of the book.Charlotte did everything in her power to keep Wilbur alive，but Charlotte was so tired that she finally died.The novel showed how a strong friendship could last through the worst times. （1）Which is Charlotte？ 　 　 A. B. C. （2）The underlined word "extolling" in Paragraph 4 means" 　 　". A.支持 B.崇拜 C.赞美 （3）What is Charlotte like？ 　 　 A.Boring and careful. B.Calm and clever. C.Worried and angry. （4）What can we learn from the passage？ 　 　 A.Fern was very kind and she was the hero of the book. B.A friendship could last stronger through the hardest times. C.Wilbur was such a supernatural pig that everyone loved it. 3．（8分）Did you know that tea，the most popular drink in the world（after water），was invented（发明）by accident？Many people believe that tea was first drunk about 5，000 years ago.It is said that a Chinese ruler called Shen Nong was the first to discover tea as a drink.One day，Shen Nong was boiling（煮） drinking water over an open fire.Some leaves from a tea plant fell into the water and stayed there for some time.It produced a nice smell so he tasted the brown water.It was quite delicious，and so，one of the world's favorite drinks was invented. ②_____It is said that nearly 5.8 million tons of tea was produced around the world in 2018.In Turkey，tea has become the most popular hot drink.People in Ireland drink cups of hot tea to get through the foggy winters.Tea drinking in the UK began in the eighteenth century.Businessmen introduced the drink from China as something very expensive.But now tea is a common drink in the UK. ③_____It's a big part of many cultures around the world.You probably know that people in China use top﹣grade tea to show respect（尊重） when receiving important guests.The British tradition of afternoon tea is an important part of that country's culture. ④_____ It has been used from old times to modern day.It is also found today that tea can prevent（预防） heart disease and so on. Hot or cold，bagged or loose﹣leaf，tea is not just a drink.It's a social custom and also a magic medicine，a link to the past and a way of life. （1）Tea was invented by 　 　. A.some Chinese scientists 5000 years ago. B.a Chinese ruler Shen Nong by accident. C.a Chinese farmer while he was boiling the water. （2）After reading，we know that 　 　. A.Tea is a very expensive drink in the UK now. B.People in Turkey drink hot tea to get through foggy winters. C.The afternoon tea has become an important culture in British. （3）Which is the right order of the headings in paragraph ②③④？ 　 　 a.Tea is also a medicine. b.Tea is more than a hot drink. c.Tea is popular all over the world. A.abc B.bac C.cba （4）What can be the best title of the passage？ 　 　 A.A great story of tea B.An introduction of tea C.The advantages of tea 4．（8分）①Do you dream of riding in a flying car？Your dream might come true.Companies are making flying cars a real transportation choice.The machines will fly by themselves.Expert say that will make them safer than common cars. ②People in Dubai could soon be flying to work in air taxis.The Ehang 184 can fly for 30 minutes.It runs on battery（电池） power.It takes one person.Air﹣taxi riders use an app on their phones to ask for a flight. ③The Ehang 184 is one of several new flying machines.Such machines are known as VTOLs.That stands for"vertical（垂直的） takeoff and landing".VTOLs are lifted into the air with the help of electric fans.VTOLs are quieter and cleaner than helicopters（直升机）. ④In the United States，the Federal Aviation Administration （FAA） is in charge of（掌管） air transportation.The FAA must do many things before it can approve（批准）VTOL flights.It must write safety rules.It also needs to come up with traffic rules.It needs to make sure low﹣flying machines don't have accidents. ⑤Th e FAA has approved the testing of a VTOL called the Transition .It runs on gas（石油）.It travels on the ground and in the air.The wings were in when the low﹣flying cars are on the ground.They came out for flight. ⑥Carl runs the company that makes the Transition.His company has also produced a VTOL called the TF﹣X.He thinks everyone will be able to own a TF﹣X one day.But it will take more than10 years to make it happen. ⑦For now，the world is watching to see how soon Dubai's flying taxis get off the ground. （1）Ehang 184's power comes from 　 　. A.gas B.the battery C.the sun （2）The FAA 　 　. A.must make new traffic rules. B.is in charge of all transportation. C.produced a VTOL called a TF﹣X. （3）Which of the following is right？ 　 　 A.Flying taxis are widely used in Dubai now. B.Everyone will be able to have the Transition soon. C.Some VTOLs can travel in the air and on the ground. （4）What's the structure（结构） of the passage？ 　 　 A. B. C. 第二节 阅读短文，从方框内所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有一个多余的选项。 5．（8分）阅读短文，从方框内所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有一个多余的选项。 Nature Walk is walking through nature while feeling the atmosphere（环境） around.（1）　 　Nature walk can help you find beauty in every little thing and a deep love for nature. Feel the Air （2）　 　 Just feel the soft touch of air passing through your fingers and hair.Let nature hug you and break all the worries.Air has a special smell of freshness in it.Sometimes there is a smell of mud（泥土）.And sometimes it could be flowers or leaves or other things. Listen to the Sounds Pay attention to all the sounds you can hear around you.（3）　 　 It seems that every part of nature is talking to each other but not humans，until we find this harmony（和谐） during our nature walk. Touch the Leaves Touching the leaves is another way to communicate with nature.This Nature Walk idea is great fun to learn.（4）　 　 You'll even find the differences not only have something to do with sizes but also colors if you watch them carefully. A.You can smell the flowers in the air. B.Sit in nature，close your eyes and take a deep breath（呼吸）. C.You can be surprised to watch different shapes and sizes of the leaves in autumn. D.You will notice the enjoyable sound of birds singing and the rustling of leaves. E.You can smell the air，listen to the sounds and feel the touch of the rocks，leaves，mud or anything. 6．（10分）People call the Chinese diving（跳水） team a"a dream team".It has been a world﹣class team in the early 1990s.It still has a bright future these days with Quan Hongchan，a new diving star. The 16 year old girl （1）　 　 walked to the edge of the diving platform（跳台） and turned around.Seconds later，she jumped from the water after a flawless（没有瑕疵的）407 C—the dive she is good at.Because of her （2）　 　 performance，all seven judges awarded her a perfect score of 10 points.China's Olympic champion Quan Hongchan won the women's 10 m platform gold medal at the Hangzhou Asian Games. Nine years ago，the young girl was playing hopscotch（跳房子） with her classmates on the playground when a coach，Chen Huaming，（3）　 　 her.He found her talent on （4）　 　 and thought that she could jump higher and further.His judgment turned out to be correct.Before the Hangzhou Asian Games，Quan was （5）　 　 an Olympic champion. In some ways，Quan is like any normal teenager.She loves dolls.Her favorite doll is a blue one，and her elder brother gave her as a gift.She keeps it on her bed，a quiet （6）　 　 that is always there to help relieve（释放） her bad feelings. Unlike her peers（同龄人），the young diver needs to train really hard and has to （7）　 　 her family's living condition（状况）.Her family live in Maihe Village of Zhanjiang，and her parents have five children to （8）　 　 with the little money from an orchard（果园）.To make matters worse，her mother was disabled in a traffic accident in 2017. As a result，Quan has grown up to be （9）　 　 and hardworking.She couldn't even swim before she went to the sports school，（10）　 　 she was the first among all the new students to step onto 10 m platform.When asked if she was scared at the time，she answered，"I didn't think about it that much.I just closed my eyes and jumped." （1）A.proudly B.quickly C.confidently （2）A.interesting B.excellent C.relaxing （3）A.accepted B.noticed C.agreed （4）A.swim B.dive C.jump （5）A.already B.neither C.never （6）A.family B.friend C.coach （7）A.improve B.increase C.raise （8）A.teach B.help C.feed （9）A.difficult B.polite C.brave （10）A.and B.but C.so 三、语篇填空。 （共1小题，每小题10分；满分10分）阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顾、连贯。 7．（10分）Large cities are great places to live.They have the nicest schools，biggest companies and （1）　 　（good） hospitals.However，they are too crowded to live in，as people who grew up elsewhere often move to large cities for school or work. But Tokyo，the capital of Japan，is thinking about paying people to leave the city.It's planning（2）　 　（offer）3 million yen（175，000 yuan） to every resident（居民） who decides to move and find work elsewhere.This is （3）　 　 the city is getting too crowded.Tokyo has a total population of 38 million.The number of people moving to the area is （4）　 　（great） than the number of people who leave for the last 22 years.About one out of every three people in Japan lives in Tokyo. This has put a lot of pressure（压力） on transportation，hospitals and other public services.In addition，there has been a population drop in other parts of Japan.For example，villages and towns in the countryside are （5）　 　（main） old residents these days.Schools are closing down and there are no young people left to work on farms. For many years，Japan's government has tried to move people away （6）　 　 the capital and help rebuild the countryside.This is part of（7）　 　 programme called"revitalization（复兴） of regions".Some local governments have used tax cuts to encourage companies to leave Tokyo. Many large cities across the world have tried to control（控制） the （8）　 　（grow） population.For example，Beijing is moving some of its markets and （9）　 　 （factory） to Hebei province and the city of Tianjin.This allowed its population to fall for the （10）　 　（one） time in 17 years in 2017. 四、阅读与表达。 （共1小题，41-43小题， 每小题10分， 44小题4分； 满分10分）阅读短文，然后根据内容回答问题。 8．（10分）When you are learning English，listening，speaking and writing are important，but reading can also be very helpful.When you read，you can not only learn some new words，but also learn how to use these English words.When you read，it gives you a good example of writing. Good reading tips： Try to read at the right level.Read something that you can（ more or less） understand.If you need to stop every three words to use a dictionary，it is not interesting. Try to increase the number of your new words.If there are four or five new words on a page，write them in your notebook.But you don't have to write them down while you read.Instead，try to guess their meanings as you read and mark them with a pen.Then come back when you have finished reading to look them up in a dictionary and write them in your own vocabulary book.Then try to remember them. Try to read regularly（有规律地）.For example，read for a short time once a day.Fifteen minutes every day is better than two hours every Sunday.Fix（固定） a time to read and keep it.You can read for fifteen minutes before you go to bed，or after you get up or at lunchtime. Read what interests you.Choose a book or a magazine about a subject that you like，because it is important to enjoy what you read.Therefore，choose an interesting book.You can also read newspaper.There are many English newspapers in China，for example，21st Century Teens.It is easy enough for you to understand and also there is always something interesting in it. （1）How many good reading tips are there in the passage？ 　 　 （2）According to the passage，what should you do before looking up the new words？ 　 　 （3）What kind of English books are right for you to read？ 　 　 （4）Which tip is the most helpful for you？Why？Write 30 words or more. 　 　 五、书面表达。 （满分20分） 9．（20分）你收到一封来自美国笔友Jack 的email，信中提到他计划在寒假时去你的家乡旅游。请你写一封回信，向他简单介绍家乡的情况并适当给与旅行建议。内容提示： ①What might the weather be like？ ②What should he bring？ ③Your advice and reasons for food and places. 要求： ①60个词左右。开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数； （1）可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； （2）文中不得出现真实的姓名及学校名称。 Dear Jack， It's good to hear that you may visit_____ Yours， Wang Lu 参考答案与试题解析 一、阅读理解（共4小题；每小题8分；满分32分）第一节 阅读下面语言材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 1．（8分） Fire safety tips HOW to prevent the fire？ 1.Do not cook without an adult. 2.Put a smoke alarm in your house. 3.Be careful around stoves and fireplaces. 4.Never play with matches（火柴） or lighters（打火机）. WHAT to do in a fire？ 1.Don't use the lift! 1.Make sure you are safe before you call 119 for help. 2.Stay close to the floor with a wet cloth to keep away from the smoke.Smoke can be more dangerous than fire. 3.Stop!Drop!Roll! If your clothes catch fire，do these three things immediately! Stop!Running and walking can make fire worse. Drop!Get down on the ground.Cover your face and eyes. Roll!Roll over and over until the flames（火苗） are out. （1）In order to prevent a fire，we'd better 　B　. A.use matches，not lighters B.keep a smoke alarm at home C.cook meals with your classmates （2）Try to 　C　in a fire. A.use the lift B.stay close to the smoke C.cover your face with something wet （3）If your clothes catch fire，you should 　B　. A.call 119 for help immediately B.follow the"stop，drop，roll"rules C.run as fast as you can to stop the flames （4）The text is probably from 　A　 . A.a safety handbook B.a news report C.a science magazine 【分析】本文主要是一则消防安全提示。 【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据表格HOW to prevent the fire？（如何预防火灾？）下Put a smoke alarm in your house.（在你的家里放一个烟雾报警器。）可知为了防止火灾，我们最好在家里放一个烟雾报警器，故选B。 （2）细节理解题。根据WHAT to do in a fire？（在火灾中该怎么办？）下Stay close to the floor with a wet cloth to keep away from the smoke.（带着一块湿布靠近地板，远离烟雾。）可知在火灾中可以用湿的东西遮住脸，故选C。 （3）细节理解题。根据第一段WHAT to do in a fire？（在火灾中该怎么办？）下Stop!Drop!Roll!（停止！放低！滚动！）以及If your clothes catch fire，do these three things immediately!（如果你的衣服着火了，立即做这三件事！）可知如果你的衣服着火了，你应该遵守"停止、放低、滚动"的规则，故选B。 （4）主旨大意题。根据标题Fire safety tips（消防安全提示）且通读全文可知本文主要是一则消防安全提示。所以这篇文章可能来自一本安全手册，故选A。 【点评】在通读全文的基础上，根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，瞻前顾后，认真观察选项，仔细推敲，确定最佳答案。 2．（8分）Have you ever read Charlotte's Web，a famous novel written by E.B.White？It is a story about a spider.She made friends with a pig and helped him. Wilbur was an unlucky pig.When he was born，he was so small that the farmer Mr.Arable decided to end the pig's life.Luckily，Wilbur met the lovely and kind﹣hearted farmer's daughter Fern，she stopped him from killing Wilbur and asked her father to give her the cute pig as her pet in a barnyard（谷仓）. Fern loved Wilbur more than anything.Wilbur grew day by day and made many friends in the barnyard.They are ducks，sheep，a spider and so on.Of all these friends，Wilbur's favorite is Charlotte，a beautiful grey spider. As the days went by，Wilbur grew and grew.He ate three big meals a day.He spent long hours lying on his side，half asleep，dreaming pleasant dreams.He enjoyed good health and he gained a lot of weight（体重）.One day，the old sheep told Wilbur that he would be killed for his meat as Christmas dinner this year.Wilbur turned to Charlotte for help.Day after day the spider waited，head﹣down，for an idea to come to her.Hour by hour she sat there，deep in thought.Finally，she had the idea of writing words extolling for Wilbur，such as"a famous excellent pig"in her web（蜘蛛网）.She makes the farmer believe that Wilbur is some kind of supernatural（神奇的） animal，too important to kill. Thanks to Charlotte's efforts，Wilbur not only lived but also won a special prize（奖项）.With the help of Charlotte，Wilbur became the only pig to see the spring. Usually，many people are afraid of spiders，but the writer made a spider the hero of the book.Charlotte did everything in her power to keep Wilbur alive，but Charlotte was so tired that she finally died.The novel showed how a strong friendship could last through the worst times. （1）Which is Charlotte？ 　A　 A. B. C. （2）The underlined word "extolling" in Paragraph 4 means" 　C　". A.支持 B.崇拜 C.赞美 （3）What is Charlotte like？ 　B　 A.Boring and careful. B.Calm and clever. C.Worried and angry. （4）What can we learn from the passage？ 　B　 A.Fern was very kind and she was the hero of the book. B.A friendship could last stronger through the hardest times. C.Wilbur was such a supernatural pig that everyone loved it. 【分析】本文主要介绍了《夏洛的网》这个故事的梗概。 【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第三段Wilbur's favorite is Charlotte，a beautiful grey spider.（威尔伯最喜欢的是夏洛，一只美丽的灰蜘蛛。）可知，夏洛是一只蜘蛛。故选A。 （2）词义猜测题。根据第四段such as"a famous excellent pig"（比如"一只名优猪"）可知，此处指赞美的话，因此"extolling"的意思是"赞美"。故选C。 （3）推理判断题。根据第四段Day after day the spider waited，head﹣down，for an idea to come to her.Hour by hour she sat there，deep in thought.Finally，she had the idea of writing words extolling for Wilbur，such as"a famous excellent pig"in her web（蜘蛛网）.She makes the farmer believe that Wilbur is some kind of supernatural（神奇的） animal，too important to kill.（一天又一天，蜘蛛头朝下，等待着她的灵感。她一个小时一个小时地坐在那里，陷入沉思。最后，她想到了在她的网上写一些赞美威尔伯的话，比如"一只名优猪"。她让农夫相信威尔伯是一种超自然的动物，太重要了，不能杀死。）可知，夏洛冷静且聪明。故选B。 （4）推理判断题。根据最后一段The novel showed how a strong friendship could last through the worst times.（这部小说展示了强大的友谊如何在最糟糕的时候持续下去。）可知，我们可以从这篇文章学到，在最糟糕的时候，友谊会更加牢固。故选B。 【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。 3．（8分）Did you know that tea，the most popular drink in the world（after water），was invented（发明）by accident？Many people believe that tea was first drunk about 5，000 years ago.It is said that a Chinese ruler called Shen Nong was the first to discover tea as a drink.One day，Shen Nong was boiling（煮） drinking water over an open fire.Some leaves from a tea plant fell into the water and stayed there for some time.It produced a nice smell so he tasted the brown water.It was quite delicious，and so，one of the world's favorite drinks was invented. ②_____It is said that nearly 5.8 million tons of tea was produced around the world in 2018.In Turkey，tea has become the most popular hot drink.People in Ireland drink cups of hot tea to get through the foggy winters.Tea drinking in the UK began in the eighteenth century.Businessmen introduced the drink from China as something very expensive.But now tea is a common drink in the UK. ③_____It's a big part of many cultures around the world.You probably know that people in China use top﹣grade tea to show respect（尊重） when receiving important guests.The British tradition of afternoon tea is an important part of that country's culture. ④_____ It has been used from old times to modern day.It is also found today that tea can prevent（预防） heart disease and so on. Hot or cold，bagged or loose﹣leaf，tea is not just a drink.It's a social custom and also a magic medicine，a link to the past and a way of life. （1）Tea was invented by 　B　. A.some Chinese scientists 5000 years ago. B.a Chinese ruler Shen Nong by accident. C.a Chinese farmer while he was boiling the water. （2）After reading，we know that 　C　. A.Tea is a very expensive drink in the UK now. B.People in Turkey drink hot tea to get through foggy winters. C.The afternoon tea has become an important culture in British. （3）Which is the right order of the headings in paragraph ②③④？ 　C　 a.Tea is also a medicine. b.Tea is more than a hot drink. c.Tea is popular all over the world. A.abc B.bac C.cba （4）What can be the best title of the passage？ 　B　 A.A great story of tea B.An introduction of tea C.The advantages of tea 【分析】茶是世界上最受欢迎的饮料之一，据说是一种偶然发明。茶的历史可以追溯到5000年前，最早是由中国的一位统治者发现的。茶在世界各地都有着重要的文化意义，如土耳其、爱尔兰和英国。茶不仅是一种饮料，还被发现具有预防心脏病等作用。无论是热茶还是冷茶，袋泡茶还是散装茶，茶都不仅仅是一种饮料，它是社交习俗、神奇的药物、联系过去的纽带和一种生活方式。 【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段It is said that a Chinese ruler called Shen Nong was the first to discover tea as a drink.（据说，一位名叫神农的中国统治者是第一个发现茶作为饮料的人。）可知，茶是由一位中国统治者神农发明的。故选B。 （2）细节理解题。根据第二段The British tradition of afternoon tea is an important part of that country's culture.（英国的下午茶传统是该国文化的重要组成部分。）可知，英国的下午茶传统是该国文化的重要组成部分。故选C。 （3）细节理解题。根据第二段It is said that nearly 5.8 million tons of tea was produced around the world in2018.In Turkey，tea has become the most popular hot drink.People in Ireland drink cups of hot tea to get through the foggy winters.Tea drinking in the UK began in the eighteenth century.（据说2018年全球产茶近580万吨。在土耳其，茶已经成为最受欢迎的热饮。爱尔兰人喝几杯热茶来度过多雾的冬天。英国的饮茶始于十八世纪。）可知，茶在全世界都很受欢迎；根据第三段It's a big part of many cultures around the world.（它是世界上许多文化的重要组成部分。）可知，茶不仅仅是一种热饮，也是世界上许多文化的重要组成部分；根据第四段It is also found today that tea can prevent（预防） heart disease and so on.（今天还发现茶可以预防心脏病等等。）可知，茶也是一种药。故选C。 （4）标题归纳题。根据第一段Many people believe that tea was first drunk about 5，000 years ago.It is said that a Chinese ruler called Shen Nong was the first to discover tea as a drink.（许多人认为茶是在大约5000年前首次饮用的。据说，一位名叫神农的中国统治者是第一个发现茶作为饮料的人。）以及最后一段 Hot or cold，bagged or loose﹣leaf，tea is not just a drink.It's a social custom and also a magic medicine，a link to the past and a way of life.（热的或冷的，袋装的或散装的，茶不仅仅是一种饮料。这是一种社会习俗，也是一种神奇的药物，是联系过去的纽带，也是一种生活方式。）可知，文章主要介绍了茶的历史以及用途，所以标题应为"茶的介绍"。故选B。 【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。 4．（8分）①Do you dream of riding in a flying car？Your dream might come true.Companies are making flying cars a real transportation choice.The machines will fly by themselves.Expert say that will make them safer than common cars. ②People in Dubai could soon be flying to work in air taxis.The Ehang 184 can fly for 30 minutes.It runs on battery（电池） power.It takes one person.Air﹣taxi riders use an app on their phones to ask for a flight. ③The Ehang 184 is one of several new flying machines.Such machines are known as VTOLs.That stands for"vertical（垂直的） takeoff and landing".VTOLs are lifted into the air with the help of electric fans.VTOLs are quieter and cleaner than helicopters（直升机）. ④In the United States，the Federal Aviation Administration （FAA） is in charge of（掌管） air transportation.The FAA must do many things before it can approve（批准）VTOL flights.It must write safety rules.It also needs to come up with traffic rules.It needs to make sure low﹣flying machines don't have accidents. ⑤Th e FAA has approved the testing of a VTOL called the Transition .It runs on gas（石油）.It travels on the ground and in the air.The wings were in when the low﹣flying cars are on the ground.They came out for flight. ⑥Carl runs the company that makes the Transition.His company has also produced a VTOL called the TF﹣X.He thinks everyone will be able to own a TF﹣X one day.But it will take more than10 years to make it happen. ⑦For now，the world is watching to see how soon Dubai's flying taxis get off the ground. （1）Ehang 184's power comes from 　B　. A.gas B.the battery C.the sun （2）The FAA 　A　. A.must make new traffic rules. B.is in charge of all transportation. C.produced a VTOL called a TF﹣X. （3）Which of the following is right？ 　C　 A.Flying taxis are widely used in Dubai now. B.Everyone will be able to have the Transition soon. C.Some VTOLs can travel in the air and on the ground. （4）What's the structure（结构） of the passage？ 　A　 A. B. C. 【分析】短文主要介绍了飞行汽车的发展现状和未来前景。多家公司正在研发飞行汽车，专家认为它们将比普通汽车更安全。迪拜可能很快就会推出空中出租车，使用Ehang 184等飞行汽车，它们可以飞行30分钟，由电池供电。飞行汽车被称为VTOLs，它们使用电动风扇垂直起降，比直升机更安静、更清洁。美国联邦航空管理局负责飞行汽车的批准和监管，目前已批准了Transition的测试，该飞行汽车使用汽油，并可在地面和空中行驶。未来可能会有更多人拥有飞行汽车，但实现这一目标还需要10年以上的时间。目前，世界正在关注迪拜的飞行出租车何时能够投入使用。 【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段The Ehang 184 can fly for 30 minutes.It runs on battery（电池） power.（Ehang 184可以飞行30分钟。它靠电池供电。）可知，Ehang 184的动力来自电池。故选B。 （2）细节理解题。根据第四段In the United States，the Federal Aviation Administration （FAA） is in charge of（掌管） air transportation.The FAA must do many things before it can approve（批准）VTOL flights.It must write safety rules.It also needs to come up with traffic rules.（在美国，美国联邦航空管理局负责航空运输。在批准垂直起降飞行之前，联邦航空局必须做很多事情。它必须写安全规则。它还需要制定交通规则。）可知，必须制定新的交通规则。故选A。 （3）细节理解题。根据第五段Th e FAA has approved the testing of a VTOL called the Transition .It runs on gas（石油）.It travels on the ground and in the air.The wings were in when the low﹣flying cars are on the ground.They came out for flight.（美国联邦航空管理局已经批准了名为VTOL的垂直起落飞机的测试。它靠汽油运行。它在地面和空中传播。当低空飞行的汽车在地面上时，机翼是在里面的。它们出来飞行。）可知，一些VTOL可以在空中和地面行驶。故选C。 （4）篇章结构题。通读全文可知，文章第一段通过提问引出话题；跟二至六段分别介绍了飞行汽车的发展现状和未来前景；最后一段进行总结。故选A。 【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。 第二节 阅读短文，从方框内所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有一个多余的选项。 5．（8分）阅读短文，从方框内所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有一个多余的选项。 Nature Walk is walking through nature while feeling the atmosphere（环境） around.（1）　E　Nature walk can help you find beauty in every little thing and a deep love for nature. Feel the Air （2）　B　 Just feel the soft touch of air passing through your fingers and hair.Let nature hug you and break all the worries.Air has a special smell of freshness in it.Sometimes there is a smell of mud（泥土）.And sometimes it could be flowers or leaves or other things. Listen to the Sounds Pay attention to all the sounds you can hear around you.（3）　D　 It seems that every part of nature is talking to each other but not humans，until we find this harmony（和谐） during our nature walk. Touch the Leaves Touching the leaves is another way to communicate with nature.This Nature Walk idea is great fun to learn.（4）　C　 You'll even find the differences not only have something to do with sizes but also colors if you watch them carefully. A.You can smell the flowers in the air. B.Sit in nature，close your eyes and take a deep breath（呼吸）. C.You can be surprised to watch different shapes and sizes of the leaves in autumn. D.You will notice the enjoyable sound of birds singing and the rustling of leaves. E.You can smell the air，listen to the sounds and feel the touch of the rocks，leaves，mud or anything. 【分析】这篇短文主要介绍了大自然漫步的乐趣和好处，包括感受空气、聆听声音、触摸树叶等。通过大自然漫步，可以发现身边的美丽和对大自然的深刻热爱。同时，也提到了在大自然中感受到的空气、声音和触感的特点。 【解答】（1）细节推理题。根据前句Nature Walk is walking through nature while feeling the atmosphere（环境） around.（自然漫步是在大自然中漫步，感受周围的氛围。）可知，空处应是说怎么样感受周围的氛围。选项E"你可以闻到空气的味道，倾听声音，感受岩石、树叶、泥土或任何东西的触感。"符合语境。故选E。 （2）细节推理题。根据后句 Just feel the soft touch of air passing through your fingers and hair.（只需感受空气穿过手指和头发的柔软触感。）可知，空处应是说闭上眼睛深呼吸的感觉。选项B"坐在大自然里，闭上眼睛深呼吸。"符合语境。故选B。 （3）细节推理题。根据前句Pay attention to all the sounds you can hear around you.（注意你周围能听到的所有声音。）可知，空处应是说将听到的声音。选项D"你会注意到令人愉快的鸟鸣声和树叶的沙沙声。"符合语境。故选D。 （4）细节推理题。根据后句You'll even find the differences not only have something to do with sizes but also colors if you watch them carefully.（如果你仔细观察，你甚至会发现差异不仅与尺寸有关，还与颜色有关。）可知，空处应是说有一种不同寻常的东西。选项C"在秋天，你会惊讶地看到不同形状和大小的树叶。"符合语境。故选C。 【点评】首先通读全文，了解文章大意；其次掌握每段的主旨大意，并选出中心句；最后要再次阅读文章检查，避免错误。 6．（10分）People call the Chinese diving（跳水） team a"a dream team".It has been a world﹣class team in the early 1990s.It still has a bright future these days with Quan Hongchan，a new diving star. The 16 year old girl （1）　C　 walked to the edge of the diving platform（跳台） and turned around.Seconds later，she jumped from the water after a flawless（没有瑕疵的）407 C—the dive she is good at.Because of her （2）　B　 performance，all seven judges awarded her a perfect score of 10 points.China's Olympic champion Quan Hongchan won the women's 10 m platform gold medal at the Hangzhou Asian Games. Nine years ago，the young girl was playing hopscotch（跳房子） with her classmates on the playground when a coach，Chen Huaming，（3）　B　 her.He found her talent on （4）　C　 and thought that she could jump higher and further.His judgment turned out to be correct.Before the Hangzhou Asian Games，Quan was （5）　A　 an Olympic champion. In some ways，Quan is like any normal teenager.She loves dolls.Her favorite doll is a blue one，and her elder brother gave her as a gift.She keeps it on her bed，a quiet （6）　B　 that is always there to help relieve（释放） her bad feelings. Unlike her peers（同龄人），the young diver needs to train really hard and has to （7）　A　 her family's living condition（状况）.Her family live in Maihe Village of Zhanjiang，and her parents have five children to （8）　C　 with the little money from an orchard（果园）.To make matters worse，her mother was disabled in a traffic accident in 2017. As a result，Quan has grown up to be （9）　C　 and hardworking.She couldn't even swim before she went to the sports school，（10）　B　 she was the first among all the new students to step onto 10 m platform.When asked if she was scared at the time，she answered，"I didn't think about it that much.I just closed my eyes and jumped." （1）A.proudly B.quickly C.confidently （2）A.interesting B.excellent C.relaxing （3）A.accepted B.noticed C.agreed （4）A.swim B.dive C.jump （5）A.already B.neither C.never （6）A.family B.friend C.coach （7）A.improve B.increase C.raise （8）A.teach B.help C.feed （9）A.difficult B.polite C.brave （10）A.and B.but C.so 【分析】中国跳水队被称为"梦之队"，在20世纪90年代初就成为了世界一流的队伍。如今，有新的跳水明星全红蝉，这支队伍依然前途光明。16岁的全红蝉在杭州亚运会上获得了女子10米跳台金牌。她是一个普通的少女，喜欢玩娃娃，但她也需要非常努力地训练，并且要帮助家庭改善生活条件。她在成长过程中变得坚强和勤奋，尽管她以前甚至不会游泳，但她仍然勇敢地跳下了10米高的跳台。 【解答】（1）考查副词。句意：这位16岁的女孩自信地走到跳水台的边缘，转过身来。A.骄傲地；B.迅速地；C.自信地。根据Seconds later，she jumped from the water after a flawless（没有瑕疵的）407 C—the dive she is good at（几秒钟后，她在完成了她擅长的407摄氏度的完美跳水后跳下了水面）可知，这位16岁的女孩自信地走到跳水台的边缘。故选C。 （2）考查形容词。句意：由于她的出色表现，七位评委都给了她10分的满分。A.有趣的；B.优秀的，出色的；C.放松的。根据all seven judges awarded her a perfect score of 10 points（七位评委都给了她10分的满分）可知，由于她的出色表现。故选B。 （3）考查动词。句意：九年前，小女孩和同学在操场上玩跳房子时，教练陈华明注意到了她。A.接受；B.注意到；C.同意。根据He found her talent on...（他发现了她......的天赋）可知，教练陈华明注意到了她。故选B。 （4）考查名词。句意：他发现了她跳跃的天赋，认为她能跳得越来越高。A.游泳；B.潜水；C.跳。根据thought that she could jump higher and further（认为她能跳得越来越高）可知，他发现了她跳跃的天赋。故选C。 （5）考查副词。句意：在杭州亚运会之前，全已经是奥运冠军了。A.已经；B.也没有；C.从来没有。根据His judgment turned out to be correct（他的判断被证明是正确的）可知，在杭州亚运会之前，全已经是奥运冠军了。故选A。 （6）考查名词。句意：她把它放在床上，是一个安静的朋友，总是在那里帮她缓解不好的情绪。A.家人；B.朋友；C.教练。根据Her favorite doll is a blue one，and her elder brother gave her as a gift（她最喜欢的娃娃是一个蓝色的，是她哥哥送给她的礼物）可知，是一个安静的朋友，总是在那里帮她缓解不好的情绪。故选B。 （7）考查动词。句意：与同龄人不同的是，这位年轻的潜水员需要非常刻苦的训练，并且必须改善家庭的生活条件。A.改善；B.增加；C.举起。根据her family's living condition（家庭的生活条件）可知，改善家庭的生活条件。故选A。 （8）考查动词。句意：她的家人住在湛江的麦河村，她的父母有五个孩子，用果园里的一点钱养活他们。A.教学；B.帮助；C.喂养。根据her parents have five children（她的父母有五个孩子）可知，用果园里的一点钱养活他们。故选C。 （9）考查形容词。句意：因此，全成长为勇敢和勤奋的人。A.困难的；B.礼貌的；C.勇敢的。根据To make matters worse，her mother was disabled in a traffic accident in 2017（更糟糕的是，她的母亲在2017年的一次交通事故中致残）可知，全成长为勇敢和勤奋的人。故选C。 （10）考查连词。句意：去体校之前，她甚至不会游泳，但她是所有新生中第一个登上10米跳台的。A.和；B.但；C.所以。根据句意，可知这里用连词but"但是"表示转折。故选B。 【点评】首先通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合所学语法，运用排除法逐一选出答案，最后再通读全文核对答案。 三、语篇填空。 （共1小题，每小题10分；满分10分）阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顾、连贯。 7．（10分）Large cities are great places to live.They have the nicest schools，biggest companies and （1）　best　（good） hospitals.However，they are too crowded to live in，as people who grew up elsewhere often move to large cities for school or work. But Tokyo，the capital of Japan，is thinking about paying people to leave the city.It's planning（2）　to offer　（offer）3 million yen（175，000 yuan） to every resident（居民） who decides to move and find work elsewhere.This is （3）　because　 the city is getting too crowded.Tokyo has a total population of 38 million.The number of people moving to the area is （4）　greater　（great） than the number of people who leave for the last 22 years.About one out of every three people in Japan lives in Tokyo. This has put a lot of pressure（压力） on transportation，hospitals and other public services.In addition，there has been a population drop in other parts of Japan.For example，villages and towns in the countryside are （5）　mainly　（main） old residents these days.Schools are closing down and there are no young people left to work on farms. For many years，Japan's government has tried to move people away （6）　from　 the capital and help rebuild the countryside.This is part of（7）　a　 programme called"revitalization（复兴） of regions".Some local governments have used tax cuts to encourage companies to leave Tokyo. Many large cities across the world have tried to control（控制） the （8）　growing　（grow） population.For example，Beijing is moving some of its markets and （9）　factories　 （factory） to Hebei province and the city of Tianjin.This allowed its population to fall for the （10）　first　（one） time in 17 years in 2017. 【分析】本文主要讲述了大城市是生活的好地方，有最好的学校、最大的公司和好的医院。然而，它们人口过于拥挤，因为从其他地方长大的人通常会为了学校或工作而搬到大城市的情况。 【解答】（1）考查形容词最高级。句意：他们有最好的学校、最大的公司和最好的医院。结合空前并列连词and，空缺处应填形容词最高级形式best与空前nicest，biggest并列，故填：best。 （2）考查动词不定式。句意：它计划向每一位决定搬到其他地方找工作的居民提供300万日元（17.5万元人民币）。plan to do sth.计划做某事，空缺处应填动词不定式形式to offer，故填：to offer。 （3）考查连词。句意：这是因为城市变得太拥挤了。结合语境，此处应用because，表示原因，空缺处应填because，故填：because。 （4）考查形容词比较级。句意：迁移到该地区的人数比过去22年中离开的人数还要多。结合空后比较级标志than，空缺处应填形容词比较级形式greater，故填：greater。 （5）考查副词。句意：例如，现在农村的村镇主要是老年居民。分析句子结构，空缺处应填形容词的副词形式mainly，故填：mainly。 （6）考查介词。句意：多年来，日本政府一直试图将人们从首都转移出去，帮助重建农村。move away from远离，空缺处应填from，故填：from。 （7）考查不定冠词。句意：这是一项名为"振兴区域"的方案的一部分。结合空后辅音音素开头的单数名词programme，空缺处应填a，故填：a。 （8）考查动名词。句意：世界上许多大城市都试图控制不断增长的人口。结合语境，空缺处应填动名词growing修饰空后名词population，故填：growing。 （9）考查名词复数。句意：例如，北京正在将一些市场和工厂转移到河北省和天津市。结合空前并列连词and，空缺处应填名词复数形式factories与空前markets并列，故填：factories。 （10）考查数词。句意：这使得其人口在2017年出现了17年来的首次下降。the first time第一次、首次，空缺处应填数词形式first，故填：first。 【点评】语法填空题要根据上下文语境，运用语法和词汇知识，反复推敲以求得解答。对于同义词和近义词的选项，在充分考虑到上下文具体语境下特别注意这些同义词和近义词搭配。 四、阅读与表达。 （共1小题，41-43小题， 每小题10分， 44小题4分； 满分10分）阅读短文，然后根据内容回答问题。 8．（10分）When you are learning English，listening，speaking and writing are important，but reading can also be very helpful.When you read，you can not only learn some new words，but also learn how to use these English words.When you read，it gives you a good example of writing. Good reading tips： Try to read at the right level.Read something that you can（ more or less） understand.If you need to stop every three words to use a dictionary，it is not interesting. Try to increase the number of your new words.If there are four or five new words on a page，write them in your notebook.But you don't have to write them down while you read.Instead，try to guess their meanings as you read and mark them with a pen.Then come back when you have finished reading to look them up in a dictionary and write them in your own vocabulary book.Then try to remember them. Try to read regularly（有规律地）.For example，read for a short time once a day.Fifteen minutes every day is better than two hours every Sunday.Fix（固定） a time to read and keep it.You can read for fifteen minutes before you go to bed，or after you get up or at lunchtime. Read what interests you.Choose a book or a magazine about a subject that you like，because it is important to enjoy what you read.Therefore，choose an interesting book.You can also read newspaper.There are many English newspapers in China，for example，21st Century Teens.It is easy enough for you to understand and also there is always something interesting in it. （1）How many good reading tips are there in the passage？ 　Four.　 （2）According to the passage，what should you do before looking up the new words？ 　We try to guess their meanings as we read and mark them with a pen.　 （3）What kind of English books are right for you to read？ 　A book or a magazine about a subject that you like.　 （4）Which tip is the most helpful for you？Why？Write 30 words or more. 　I think the last tip is very important to me.Because interest is the best teacher.Only when we are interested in what we read can we read with our hearts and experience it.We can remember the things in the book easily.　 【分析】本文主要向我们介绍了一些阅读技巧。 【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第三段Try to read at the right level （水平） .（试着在正确的水平上阅读）根据第四段Try to increase the number of your new words.（试着增加你的新词数量。）根据第五段Try to read regularly （有规律地）.（试着定期阅读）根据第六段Read what interests you.（试着读你感兴趣的书。）可知，文中一共提到了四个阅读技巧。故填：Four. （2）细节理解题。根据Instead，try to guess their meanings as you read and mark them with a pen.Then come back when you have finished reading to look them up in a dictionary and write them in your own vocabulary book.（相反，试着在阅读时猜测它们的含义，并用笔标记它们。然后当你读完后回来查字典，把它们写在你自己的词汇书上。）可知，根据短文，在查新单词之前，我们应该试着在阅读时猜测它们的含义，并用笔标记它们。故填：We try to guess their meanings as we read and mark them with a pen. （3）细节理解题。根据最后一段Choose a book or a magazine about a subject that you like，because it is important to enjoy what you read.（选择一本关于你喜欢的主题的书或杂志，因为享受你所读的内容很重要。）可知，一本关于你喜欢的主题的书或杂志适合你读。故填：A book or a magazine about a subject that you like. （4）开放性试题，言之有理即可。我认为最后的一条提示对我很重要。因为因为兴趣是最好的老师。只有我们对阅读的东西感兴趣了，我们才能用心去读，去体会。我们才能很容易地记住书中的东西。故填：I think the last tip is very important to me.Because interest is the best teacher.Only when we are interested in what we read can we read with our hearts and experience it.We can remember the things in the book easily. 【点评】做题时首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意。其次，细读题材，各个击破。掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。 五、书面表达。 （满分20分） 9．（20分）你收到一封来自美国笔友Jack 的email，信中提到他计划在寒假时去你的家乡旅游。请你写一封回信，向他简单介绍家乡的情况并适当给与旅行建议。内容提示： ①What might the weather be like？ ②What should he bring？ ③Your advice and reasons for food and places. 要求： ①60个词左右。开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数； （1）可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； （2）文中不得出现真实的姓名及学校名称。 Dear Jack， It's good to hear that you may visit_____ Yours， Wang Lu 【分析】【高分句型一】 If you come here，you should first visit our further zoo，where there are many animals from all over the country.如果你来这里，你应该先参观我们更远的动物园，那里有许多来自全国各地的动物。if引导的条件状语从句。 【高分句型二】 I hope you have a good time.希望你玩得开心。I hope+宾语从句。 【解答】Dear Jack， It's good to hear that you may visit my hometown.My hometown is very cold at this time，and it may snow. （天气）So you should bring some warm clothes and shoes. （带什么）If you come here，you should first visit our further zoo，where there are many animals from all over the country.【高分句型一】In addition，you should visit our food court here，where there are many delicious food.You're gonna love it here.（建议） I hope you have a good time.【高分句型二】 Yours， Wang Lu 【点评】能够根据提示进行书面表达，能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等，清楚连贯地表达自己的思想，进而完成写作任务。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$