Unit 5 Languages Around the World Discovering Useful Structures 定语从句 课件-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版（2019）必修第一册

Attributive clauses Please find out and point out the attributive clauses. 1. The beauty of a woman is not in the clothes she wears, the figure that she carries, or the way she combs her hair. The beauty of a woman must be seen from in her eyes, because that is the doorway to her heart, the place where love resides.(Audrey Hepburn) 2. As a linguist(语言学家), he acknowledges that all varieties of human language, including non-standard ones like Black English, can be powerfully expressive(有表现力的)- there exists no language or dialect(方言) in the world that cannot convey complex ideas. 作为一名语言学家，他认为各种各样的人类语言，包括像黑人英语这样的非标准语言，都具有强大的表达能力---世上就没有传达不了复杂思想的语言或方言。 Please find out and point out the attributive clauses. 3. Behaviorists suggest that the child who is raised in an environment where there are many stimuli(促进因素) which develop his or her capacity(能力) for appropriate responses will experience greater intellectual（智力的） development. 行为主义者认为，一个孩子在充满促进因素的环境下长大，并且这些促进因素能培养其作出适当反应的能力，那么他的智力水平会发育得比较好。 Please find out and point out the attributive clauses. They are kind and warm-hearted people who can give time, energy and talents to help others in need and serve their communities, expecting nothing in return. 定语从句的构成 关系词 先行词 定语从句 I can modify (修饰) nouns or pronouns. I’m good at giving a definition(定义) of a word. I’m also skilled at giving a description(描述) of sth. / sb. . Attributive clause 定语从句 This is the best film that I have seen. 引导定语从句 1 2 3 代替先行词 that 指代film 在定语从句中担任一个成分 that 在从句中充当seen的宾语 关系词的作用 确定关系词在从句中的成分。（先行词≈关系词， 把先行词代入定语从句中看看是什么成分， 先行词作什么成分那么关系词就做什么成分） 解题3步走起: 1 2 3 引导定语从句 代替先行词 在定语从句中担任一个成分 划分主从句 （哪个是主句和定语从句） 找到先行词（是人还是物） 2: 关系词选用的解题思路 ① ② ③ 考点1：that 与 which 1) Do you have anything ______ you don’t understand? 2) The only thing _____ we can do is to give you some advice. 3) Who is the man _____ is standing there? 4) Her bag, in ________ she put all her money, has been stolen. 5) She heard a terrible noise， ______ brought her heart into her mouth. 只用that不用which 只用which不用that that that that which which 考点2：who 和 whom 1)The number of people __________ were killed or seriously injured reached more than 400,000 2) Cristiano Ronaldo is a famous football player ________________ I love most. who/that whom/who/that /不填 who 在从句中充当主语、宾语 whom 只能充当宾语 从句中作宾语，可省略 1)This is the scientist __________ name is known all over the world. =This is the scientist, the name of ___________ is known all over the world. =This is the scientist ，of _________ the name is known all over the world. 2) He lives in the room ________ window faces south. = He lives in the room _______________________ faces south. = He lives in the room, _________________________ faces south. whose whom whom the window of which of which the window 考点3：whose 用法 whose在从句中作定语 ，翻译成“....的”， 既可指______ ，也可指______ 。 人 物 whose 1) My connection with pandas goes back to the mid-1980s, ______ I was the first Western TV reporter permitted to film pandas. 2) Creating an atmosphere _____ employees feel part of a team is a big challenge. 3) There are many reasons _______ people like traveling. when where why 考点4. 关系副词 when = in which where = in which why= for which when where why = 介词+which 在从句中作状语 The media can often help solve problems and draw attention to situations ________ help is needed. where in the situation = where= in which They have reached the stage __________ they will separate. at the stage = where= at which where 当先行词为一些表示抽象地点的名词，如：point, situation, part, stage, condition, atmosphere, position和case等名词，意思是“情况，场合，阶段， 场景”等等 ，引导词在从句中作状语，常用关系副词where引导定语从句。 ①根据先行词来确定 The money _______ which you were to buy dog food is gone. He will never forget the day ____ which he failed in the exam. ②根据定语从句中的谓语动词或形容词确定 We thought you were a person _______ whom we could expect good decisions. The West Lake, ____ which Hangzhou is famous, is a beautiful place. ③根据定语从句所表达的意义来确定 Air, ________ which man can’t live, is really important. The pen _____which he is writing now was bought yesterday. 考点5：介词+关系代词 with on from for without with 1.  Do you like the book ___________ she spent $10? 2.  Do you like the book ___________ she paid $10? 3.  Do you like the book ___________ she learned a lot? 4.  Do you like the book ______________ she often talks? 5. There are a lot of famous people in the movie, most ____________ often donate to charity. 6.  China has a lot of rivers, the second longest __________ is the Yellow River. The man ___________ I spoke on the phone last night is very good at wrestling(摔跤). on which for which from which about which of whom of which to whom 难点1： 几种易混的情况 1. I’ll never forget the days _______________ we worked together. 2. I’ll never forget the days _______________ we spent together. 3. I went to the place _______________ I worked ten years ago. 4. I went to the place _______________ I visited ten years ago. 5. This is the reason _______________ he was late. 6. This is the reason _______________ he gave. which/that/ 不填 where/ in which which/that/ 不填 why which/that/ 不填 选择关系代词, 还是关系副词首先要判断先行词在定语从句中充当的成分。 when/ in which Mr. Darcy is such an adorable(可爱的) man as I love. Mr. Darcy is such an adorable(可爱的) man that I love him. He is using the same camera that I lost a few days ago. He is using the same camera as I lost a few days ago. 难点2： 几种易混的情况 定语从句 结果状语从句 同一台相机 同样的相机 1. This is such a beautiful park ___________ everyone wants to visit it. 2. This is such a beautiful park ___________ everyone wants to visit. 3. She will marry as wealthy a man _________ she can find. 4. Let's discuss only such question __________ concern every one of us. 总结： as引导的限制性定语从句时常用于the same...as..., such... as...., as...as..., so...as...结构中；as的先行词既可以指人，也可以指物；as在从句中充当主语、宾语等。 注意区别such/so...as...引导的定语从句和such/so...that...引导的结果状语从句。（看从句缺不缺成分） as that as as 1. _________ is mentioned above, if you judge people, you have no time to love them. 2. I had coffee after dinner, ________ is my usual practice. 3. Hu Ge, ________ might be expected, was attending the conference. 难点3： 几种易混的情况 As as as/which 总结：as和which引导的非限制性定语从句 which as 含义 这 正如 位置 先行词 任何位置 关系代词 指代 定语从句中所充当的成分 人 物 句子 主语 宾语 表语 定语 who whom which that whose as 可省略 Summary 指代 所做成分 可否省略 when 时间 状语 否 where 地点 状语 否 why 原因 状语 否 关系副词 注意：why只能引导“限定”；若要用于“非限定”中，则须用for which引导。 Though I can't remember everything ________ happened during the time _______ I was in university, I still remember some people and things ________ were related to my best friend. If you want to know who is the lady ________ I referred to in my diary, I can tell you that her name is Miss Brown. Here is a story ________ makes me remember Miss Brown until now. One afternoon, she and I arrived in New York _________ we should spend our summer holiday together. We went to the biggest shop in ________ there are different kinds of books to be sold. There, she persuaded me to buy a grammar book __________ could offer me the knowledge of grammar, and a dictionary in _________ I could look up new words. Miss Brown also bought the same book ________ I did. that when that that that/ which where which which/ that which as 23 24 Exercise:用定语从句把下列两个简单句合并成一个复合句 1. I have a friend. Her father is an engineer. 2. This is the best method. It can be used against pollution. 3. We are going to learn some poems. The poems were written in the Tang Dynasty. I have a friend whose father is an engineer. This is the best method that can be used against pollution. We are going to learn some poems that/which were written in the the Tang Dynasty Exercise:用定语从句把下列两个简单句合并成一个复合句 4. Children are not active. Children will gain weight quickly. Children who are not active will gain weight quickly. 我有一个同学Kate, 她的妈妈是我以前的英语老师; Kate是一个容易相处的人，我们都喜欢她; Kate 在此次口语竞赛中获得第一，这使得她妈妈很高兴； 新年就要到了，到时Kate会和她妈妈一起去深圳； 众所周知，深圳是一个购物天堂， Kate打算在那里买她需要的东西。 请按以下内容要点写一篇有关你的同学Kate的短文： I have a classmate called Kate. Her mother used to be my English teacher. Kate is easy to get along with. We all like her. Kate takes first place in the Speech Contest. It makes her mother delighted. The New Year is approaching/around the corner. Kate is going to Shenzhen together with her mother. As we all know, Shenzhen is a shopping paradise. Kate plans/intends to buy what she needs in Shenzhen. I have a classmate called Kate, whose mother used to be my English teacher. Kate is a girl who is easy to get along with and we all like her. Kate takes first place in the Speech Contest, which makes her mother delighted. When the New Year is approaching, Kate is going to Shenzhen together with her mother. As we all know, Shenzhen is a shopping paradise, where Kate plans/intends to buy what she needs. 三、定语从句的写法 　　定语从句是比较难掌握而又是考生在写作中喜欢尝试的复杂句，在写作时可采用“三步法”： [示例] 第一步：写出两个简单句。 ①The foreigner is from Canada. ②He visited our class yesterday. 第二步：在句①中找出一处要修饰的词汇：the foreigner。 第三步：用句②充当定语从句，the foreigner为先行词指人，句②中的代词he指代the foreigner且在句子中作主语，故用who或that作关系词。 The foreigner who/that visited our class yesterday is from Canada. $$