一般现在时的被动语态-知识点训练卷湖南省《英语考纲百套卷》第36卷（原卷版+解析版）

编写说明：湖南省对口招生《英语考纲百套卷》，依据湖南省对口招生考试英语科目考试说明编写，本套试卷共120份。第一部分是按考纲考点要求编写的知识点训练卷，共65份。第二部分是专项训练卷，包括词汇、运用日常交际用语围绕话题进行交际、补全对话和匹配题、完形填空、阅读、英汉互译和应用文写作七个部分，共45份。第三部分是参考湖南省近几年的对口招生考试真题编写的综合模拟卷，共10份。 本试卷是湖南省对口招生考试《英语考纲百套卷》的第36卷，是时态部分知识点训练卷。试卷内容覆盖时态中的一般现在时的被动语态，还包含了状语从句和主谓一致。按考纲的掌握要求编写。 湖南省对口招生考试《英语考纲百套卷》 第36卷 一般现在时的被动语态 知识点训练卷 考试时间60分钟 满分90分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 一、单项选择（共35小题，每小题2分，共70分） 1．Nowadays, the program China in the Classics on CCTV becomes popular and it _______ by more and more people. A．watches B．watched C．was watched D．is watched 2．—Paul, do you know if Sam________ to Jenny’s birthday party this Sunday? —I think he will come if he________. A．comes; will invite B．will come; will be invited C．comes; invites D．will come; is invited 3．—Will you go to Lisa’s party next Sunday? —Well, if I ______, I will go on time. A．invite B．will invite C．am invited D．will be invited 4．—Cleaning the house is really tiring! —Floor sweeper robots ________ widely nowadays. Why not buy one? A．are used B．were used C．will be used D．used 5．Breakfast ________ every day for people who are over 60 for free in this village. A．provides B．provided C．was provided D．is provided 6．A year has four seasons and it ________ 24 Solar Terms (节气) in China. A．divided into B．divides into C．is dividing into D．is divided into 7．—What is our homework, Mr. Li? —You ________ to do the exercise book Page 20 to 22. A．will expect B．are expected C．are expecting D．were expected 8．—Can you finish the task within two days, Linda? —I can surely make it if I ________ one more day. A．give B．am given C．will give D．will be given 9．My father will take me to Suning Plaza to see a film as soon as his work ________. A．is completed B．will be completed C．has completed D．completes 10．—Soccer first started in England in the 12th century, didn’t it? —Yes, but now it ________ all over the world. A．plays B．is played C．is playing D．was played 11．—What cool cars! They can drive without people. —That’s because they ________ by computers inside. A．are controlled B．controlled C．will be controlled D．control 12．It’s true that more ice-cream ________ in summer than in winter. A．eats B．ate C．is eaten D．is eating 13．The famous director is sure that no one will solve the mystery until the event ________ at the end of the horror film. A．is explained B．will be explained C．explains D．has explained 14．Breakfast ________ for people aged over 60 for free in my hometown. A．provides B．provided C．is provided D．was provided 15．—Whom was this book ________ frog ________by? —Mo Yan, a famous writer. A．called; writing B．calling; write C．calling; written D．called; written 16．—Excuse me, sir. Smoking ________ in the gas station. —Oh, I’m really sorry. A．doesn’t allow B．isn’t allowed C．aren’t allowed D．didn’t allow 17．It’s ______ that many people were sent to the factory. A．reports B．reporting C．report D．reported 18．In middle schools all over China, boys ________ not to wear their hair long. A．will be requested B．have requested C．are requesting D．are requested 19．Some comfortable seats ________ outside the supermarket. People can have a rest there. A．offer B．offered C．are offered D．were offered 20．Sand turns to glass when it __________ by lightning. A．is hitting B．is hit C．has hit D．will be hit 21．—People, especially the teenagers, ________ by their friends. —That’s true. Friends play an important part in everyone’s life. A． easily influence B．have easily influenced C．are easily influenced D．is easily influenced 22．I’m not sure whether the newspaper _____________once a week or not. A．has published B．will publish C．is published D．publishes 23．If many trees ________, our living environment will become much worse. A．cut down B．have cut down C．are cut down D．are cutting down 24．The China International Alcoholic Drinks Expo (“中国国际酒博会”) ________ in Luzhou every year. A．will be held B．is held C．was held D．held 25．—Have you noticed the new machine on the bridge? —Yes. It _________ take photos when cars pass. A．used to B．used for C．is used to D．is used for 26．Chinese middle school ________ into junior middle school and senior middle school, with students spending three years at each. A．is divided B．was divided C．divide D．divided 27．China’s hot words, like gangjing, jiachi and chongya _________ on Tik Tok. A．use widely B．is widely used C．uses widely D．are widely used 28．—Du Fu is called “the saint of poetry”, isn’t he? —Yes. He ________ by many people and his works ________ in different languages around the world. A．is looked up; are sold well B．is looked up; sell well C．is looked up to; sell well D．is looked up to; are sold well 29．The globe fish (河豚) ________ very delicious, and it ________ first by the cook before the eaters. A．is tasted; usually tasty B．tastes; is usually tasted C．tastes; is usually tasty D．is tasted; usually tastes 30．I don’t know when the sports meeting ________. When it ________, I will watch the players all the time. A．is held; takes place B．will take place; is held C．will be held; will take place 31．Train and plane tickets __________ online. It’s convenient. A．sell B．sold C．have sold D．are sold 32．We ________ not to go that way because the road ________. A．told; is being repaired B．are told; is being repaired C．have been told; is repairing D．was told; is repaired 33．Everyone in our class __________ to study hard for the high school entrance exam. A．is encouraged B．encourages C．are encouraging D．are encouraged 34．As your country grows much stronger ,  Chinese _______ in more and more schools out of our country . A．is taught B．has taught C．is teaching D．was taught 35．Nowadays, Chinese ________ by more and more foreigners. I’m really proud of it. A．are spoken B．is spoken C．spoke D．has spoken 二、英汉互译（本题共5题，每小题4分，共20分） 1．这件毛衣是由棉花制成。（汉译英） 2．Passengers are not （允许吸烟） in non-smoking areas. （根据汉语提示补全句子） 3．Most houses have a garden, and even if it is a very small one, the garden is usually loved. （英译汉） 4．The rooms are cleaned every day. （英译汉） 5．An arrow is used to show directions. （英译汉） 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 编写说明：湖南省对口招生《英语考纲百套卷》，依据湖南省对口招生考试英语科目考试说明编写，本套试卷共120份。第一部分是按考纲考点要求编写的知识点训练卷，共65份。第二部分是专项训练卷，包括词汇、运用日常交际用语围绕话题进行交际、补全对话和匹配题、完形填空、阅读、英汉互译和应用文写作七个部分，共45份。第三部分是参考湖南省近几年的对口招生考试真题编写的综合模拟卷，共10份。 本试卷是湖南省对口招生考试《英语考纲百套卷》的第36卷，是时态部分知识点训练卷。试卷内容覆盖时态中的一般现在时的被动语态，还包含了状语从句和主谓一致。按考纲的掌握要求编写。 湖南省对口招生考试《英语考纲百套卷》 第36卷 一般现在时的被动语态 知识点训练卷 考试时间60分钟 满分90分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 一、单项选择（共35小题，每小题2分，共70分） 1．Nowadays, the program China in the Classics on CCTV becomes popular and it _______ by more and more people. A．watches B．watched C．was watched D．is watched 【答案】D 【详解】句意：现在，中央电视台的中国经典节目很受欢迎，被越来越多的人观看。 考查被动语态。watches一般现在时的第三人称单数形式；watched一般过去时；was watched一般过去时的被动语态；is watched一般现在时的被动语态。根据Nowadays可知句子时态用一般现在时，主语it和谓语动词watch之间是被动关系，所以要用被动语态；一般现在时的被动语态结构为：am/is/are+动词的过去分词。故选D。 2．—Paul, do you know if Sam________ to Jenny’s birthday party this Sunday? —I think he will come if he________. A．comes; will invite B．will come; will be invited C．comes; invites D．will come; is invited 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——保罗，你知道山姆这个星期天是否会来珍妮的生日聚会吗？——我想如果他受到邀请，他会来的。 考查动词时态和被动语态。根据“do you know if Sam ... to Jenny’s birthday party this Sunday”可知，此句是if引导的宾语从句，由时间状语“this Sunday”可知，时态用一般将来时will do；根据“he will come if he...”可知，此处是if引导的条件状语从句，根据“主将从现”原则，从句用一般现在时，主语he是第三人称单数，与invite是被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态is done。故选D。 3．—Will you go to Lisa’s party next Sunday? —Well, if I ______, I will go on time. A．invite B．will invite C．am invited D．will be invited 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——下星期天你去参加丽萨的派对吗？——如果我被邀请了，我会准时去。 考查时态和语态。根据“if I..., I will go on time.”可知，此句为if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，从句应用一般现在时，主语I和invite之间是被动关系，结构为be+过去分词。故选C。 4．—Cleaning the house is really tiring! —Floor sweeper robots ________ widely nowadays. Why not buy one? A．are used B．were used C．will be used D．used 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——打扫房子真累人！——扫地机器人现在被广泛使用。为什么不买一个呢？ 考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据“nowadays”可知，句子时态是一般现在时，use与主语是被动关系，用一般现在时的被动语态。故选A。 5．Breakfast ________ every day for people who are over 60 for free in this village. A．provides B．provided C．was provided D．is provided 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这个村子每天为60岁以上的老人免费提供早餐。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。本句主语Breakfast是动作provide的承受者，结合“every day”可知，是一般现在时，所以用一般现在时的被动语态。故选D。 6．A year has four seasons and it ________ 24 Solar Terms (节气) in China. A．divided into B．divides into C．is dividing into D．is divided into 【答案】D 【详解】句意：一年有四季，在中国被划分为24个节气。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。由“it…24 Solar Terms (节气) in China”可知，主语为it，指代前句中的a year，与谓语动词divide的关系为被动关系，故用被动语态，一般现在时的被动语态结构为：主语+am/is/are+过去分词+其他。故选D。 7．—What is our homework, Mr. Li? —You ________ to do the exercise book Page 20 to 22. A．will expect B．are expected C．are expecting D．were expected 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——李先生，我们的家庭作业是什么？——你被要求做练习册第20至22页。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据“What is our homework”可知，句子时态一般现在时，主语与动词expect是被动关系，因此句子用一般现在时的被动语态，故选B。 8．—Can you finish the task within two days, Linda? —I can surely make it if I ________ one more day. A．give B．am given C．will give D．will be given 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——琳达，你能在两天内完成任务吗？——如果再给我一天时间，我一定能成功。 考查时态和被动语态。句子是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循主将从现，从句主语I和谓语give之间是被动关系，故此处用一般现在时的被动语态am/is/are done。故选B。 9．My father will take me to Suning Plaza to see a film as soon as his work ________. A．is completed B．will be completed C．has completed D．completes 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我的爸爸一完成工作就会带我去苏宁广场去看一场电影。 考查as soon as引导的时间状语从句。as soon as表示“一……就”，引导的时间状语从句遵循“主将从现”原则，主句是一般将来时，空处是从句，应用一般现在时。且work是“被完成”，空处用被动语态，故选A。 10．—Soccer first started in England in the 12th century, didn’t it? —Yes, but now it ________ all over the world. A．plays B．is played C．is playing D．was played 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——足球最早起源于12世纪的英国，不是吗？——是的，但现在全世界都在踢。 考查时态及语态。由“now”可知此句陈述现在的情况，应用一般现在时；主语it指代soccer，和动词play之间是被动关系，所以应用一般现在时的被动语态，结构为“am/is/are+动词过去分词”，主语为it，be动词用is，故选B。 11．—What cool cars! They can drive without people. —That’s because they ________ by computers inside. A．are controlled B．controlled C．will be controlled D．control 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——多酷的车！他们可以无人驾驶。——那是因为他们被里面的电脑控制。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据语境及关键信息“by computers”可知，题干设空处主语they指代上文的cars，与其谓语control“控制”之间是被动关系，且题干表述的是现在的客观情况，因此设空处应用一般现在时态的被动语态，即are controlled符合语境。故选A。 12．It’s true that more ice-cream ________ in summer than in winter. A．eats B．ate C．is eaten D．is eating 【答案】C 【详解】句意：与冬天相比，在夏天更多的冰淇淋被吃掉了是真的。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据“It’s true that more ice-cream”可知，冰淇淋和eat构成逻辑上的动宾关系，此处应用被动语态，结合时态是一般现在时可知，此处应用一般现在时的被动语态。故选C。 13．The famous director is sure that no one will solve the mystery until the event ________ at the end of the horror film. A．is explained B．will be explained C．explains D．has explained 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这位著名导演确信，在恐怖片的结尾对这一事件做出解释之前，没有人会解开这个谜团。 考查时态和被动语态。主语the event和谓语explain之间是被动关系，句子是until引导的时间状语从句，遵循主将从现，从句用一般现在时的被动语态am/is/are done。故选A。 14．Breakfast ________ for people aged over 60 for free in my hometown. A．provides B．provided C．is provided D．was provided 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我的家乡为60岁以上的人免费提供早餐。 考查时态和被动语态。主语Breakfast和谓语provide之间是被动关系，此处描述客观情况，用一般现在时的被动语态am/is/are done。故选C。 15．—Whom was this book ________ frog ________by? —Mo Yan, a famous writer. A．called; writing B．calling; write C．calling; written D．called; written 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——这本叫《蛙》的书是谁写的？——莫言，一位著名的作家。 考查过去分词的用法。根据“Whom was this book...frog...by?”可知，frog与动词call之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，空处应用call的过去分词called，作后置定语，修饰this book，表示“这本叫《蛙》的书”；be written by“由……所写”，是固定短语。故选D。 16．—Excuse me, sir. Smoking ________ in the gas station. —Oh, I’m really sorry. A．doesn’t allow B．isn’t allowed C．aren’t allowed D．didn’t allow 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——对不起，先生，加油站不允许吸烟。——哦，我真的很抱歉。 考查被动语态和主谓一致。主语“吸烟”和动词“允许”之间是被动关系，应用被动语态结构，排除AD；动名词作主语，be动词用is。故选B。 17．It’s ______ that many people were sent to the factory. A．reports B．reporting C．report D．reported 【答案】D 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：据报道，很多人被送往工厂。分析句子可知，it为形式主语，“that many people were sent to the factory”为主语从句。it与动词report之间为动宾关系，故此用被动语态。故选D。 18．In middle schools all over China, boys ________ not to wear their hair long. A．will be requested B．have requested C．are requesting D．are requested 【答案】D 【详解】考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意：在全中国的中学，男生要求不能留长发。由句意可知，主语为boys，被要求，为被动语态，被动语态的结构为be done。而此处是客观描述中学的现状，用一般现在时。故选D项。 19．Some comfortable seats ________ outside the supermarket. People can have a rest there. A．offer B．offered C．are offered D．were offered 【答案】C 【详解】句意：超市外提供了一些舒适的座位。人们可以在那里休息。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据“People can have a rest there.”可知，时态是一般现在时，主语Some comfortable seats和动词offer“提供”之间是被动关系，所以空格处应用一般现在时的被动语态，结构是：am/is/are+动词过去分词，主语Some comfortable seats表示复数，be动词应用are，offer变成过去分词offered。故选C。 20．Sand turns to glass when it __________ by lightning. A．is hitting B．is hit C．has hit D．will be hit 【答案】B 【详解】句意：沙子被闪电击中时会变成玻璃。 考查动词形式。is hitting击中，现在进行时；is hit现在时的被动语态；has hit现在完成时；will be hit将来时的被动语态。句子主语it指代的是“Sand”，与动词hit之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，陈述事实用一般现在时，故选B。 21．—People, especially the teenagers, ________ by their friends. —That’s true. Friends play an important part in everyone’s life. A． easily influence B．have easily influenced C．are easily influenced D．is easily influenced 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——人，尤其是青少年，很容易受到朋友的影响。——那是真的。朋友在每个人的生活中都扮演着重要的角色。 考查一般现在时的被动语态和主谓一致。本句陈述事实用一般现在时，动词和主语是被动关系，people是复数名词，用are done被动语态结构，故选C。 22．I’m not sure whether the newspaper _____________once a week or not. A．has published B．will publish C．is published D．publishes 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我不确定这份报纸是否每周出版一次。 考查被动语态。主语newspaper和动词publish之间是被动关系，结合“once a week”可知，应用一般现在时的被动语态，故选C。 23．If many trees ________, our living environment will become much worse. A．cut down B．have cut down C．are cut down D．are cutting down 【答案】C 【详解】句意：如果许多树木被砍伐，我们的生活环境将变得更糟。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。由“If many trees…, our living environment will become much worse”可知，句子是if引导的条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，且从句的主语trees和谓语动词cut down之间是被动关系，所以要用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为am/is/are+过去分词。故选C。 24．The China International Alcoholic Drinks Expo (“中国国际酒博会”) ________ in Luzhou every year. A．will be held B．is held C．was held D．held 【答案】B 【详解】句意：中国国际酒博会每年在泸州举行。 考查时态和语态。根据“every year”可知，时态用一般现在时，句子主语是The China International Alcoholic Drinks Expo ，和谓语之间是被动关系，所以用一般现在时的被动语态（am/is/are done）故选B。 25．—Have you noticed the new machine on the bridge? —Yes. It _________ take photos when cars pass. A．used to B．used for C．is used to D．is used for 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你注意到桥上的新机器了吗？——是的。它是用于在汽车通过时拍照的。 考查被动语态和短语辨析。used to do过去常常做某事；is used to do sth被用于做某事；is used for doing被用来做……。句中It指代上句的the new machine，可知“它被用来给过往的车辆拍照”，排除A。根据空后的动词原形，可知排除B和D。故选C。 26．Chinese middle school ________ into junior middle school and senior middle school, with students spending three years at each. A．is divided B．was divided C．divide D．divided 【答案】A 【详解】句意：中国的中学分为初中和高中，每个学生在初中和高中学习三年。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。由“Chinese middle school … into junior middle school and senior middle school”可知，主语Chinese middle school与divide之间存在被动关系，应用被动语态，且描述的是事实应用一般现在时。故选A。 27．China’s hot words, like gangjing, jiachi and chongya _________ on Tik Tok. A．use widely B．is widely used C．uses widely D．are widely used 【答案】D 【详解】句意：中国的热门词汇，如杠精、加持、冲鸭，在抖音上被广泛使用。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。主语words与动词use“使用”之间是被动关系，应该使用被动语态be done，主语是复数，be动词用are，widely置于be动词与动词的现在分词之间。故选D。 28．—Du Fu is called “the saint of poetry”, isn’t he? —Yes. He ________ by many people and his works ________ in different languages around the world. A．is looked up; are sold well B．is looked up; sell well C．is looked up to; sell well D．is looked up to; are sold well 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——杜甫被称为“诗圣”，不是吗？——是的。他受到许多人的尊敬，他的作品在世界各地以不同的语言畅销。 考查被动语态和动词短语。look up查阅；look up to仰慕。根据语境可知，他被很多人仰慕，用被动语态be looked up to，排除AB；空二处表示“卖得好”，此处用主动形式表示被动，排除D。故选C。 29．The globe fish (河豚) ________ very delicious, and it ________ first by the cook before the eaters. A．is tasted; usually tasty B．tastes; is usually tasted C．tastes; is usually tasty D．is tasted; usually tastes 【答案】B 【详解】句意：河豚鱼的味道非常鲜美，通常由厨师在食客之前先品尝。 考查谓语动词的语态。第一空，是主动语态，与空后very delicious构成系表结构，一起充当谓语，主语是“The globe fish”，动词要用第三人称单数形式，故排除A和D；第二空，表示被动关系，要用be done结构，主语是it，此空应填is usually tasted，排除C，故选B。 30．I don’t know when the sports meeting ________. When it ________, I will watch the players all the time. A．is held; takes place B．will take place; is held C．will be held; will take place 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我不知道运动会什么时候被举行。当它被举行时，我将一直观看那些运动员们比赛。 考查被动语态。根据前文“I don’t know when the sports meeting…”可知是宾语从句，从句主语“the sports meeting”与谓语动词之间是被动关系，结合主句“I don’t know”可知，不知道运动会什么时候举行，所以运动会将被举行或发生，第一空应用一般将来时态的被动语态或will take place，take place“发生”，主动表被动，因此排除A选项；后文when引导的是时间状语从句，主句“will watch”为一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来，从句主语是“it”，因此第二空填is held。故选B。 31．Train and plane tickets __________ online. It’s convenient. A．sell B．sold C．have sold D．are sold 【答案】D 【详解】句意：火车票和飞机票被在网上销售。它是方便的。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据情境可知时态为一般现在时，而主语Train and plane tickets和谓语动词sell之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态，其谓语结构为“be+done”，故选D。 32．We ________ not to go that way because the road ________. A．told; is being repaired B．are told; is being repaired C．have been told; is repairing D．was told; is repaired 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们被告诉不要走那条路，因为那条路正在被修理。 考查动词的时态语态。根据语境可知用一般现在时态，第一个空表示被动语态，其结构是are/is told表示被告诉；第二个空是现在进行时的被动语态，其结构是am/is being done的形式。结合语境，故选B。 33．Everyone in our class __________ to study hard for the high school entrance exam. A．is encouraged B．encourages C．are encouraging D．are encouraged 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们班的每个人都被鼓励要为中考努力学习。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据“Everyone in our class...to study hard for the high school entrance exam.”可知，主语everyone与谓语动词encourage之间为被动关系，时态为一般现在时，主语为单数，结构为is done。故选A。 34．As your country grows much stronger ,  Chinese _______ in more and more schools out of our country . A．is taught B．has taught C．is teaching D．was taught 【答案】A 【详解】句意：随着你的国家变得越来越强大，越来越多的国外学校开始教授汉语。 考查被动语态。根据句意表示汉语被越来越多的国外学校教授。Chinese汉语和teach教之间是被动关系，要用被动语态。被动结构：be动词+动词过去分词，排除BC；时间状语从句中动词grows是一般现在时，所以主句也用一般现在时。故选A。 35．Nowadays, Chinese ________ by more and more foreigners. I’m really proud of it. A．are spoken B．is spoken C．spoke D．has spoken 【答案】B 【详解】句意：现在，越来越多的外国人说汉语。我真的为此感到骄傲。 考查被动语态和主谓一致。此处“Chinese”表示“汉语，中文”，与speak“说”是被动关系，根据“Nowadays”可知，用一般现在时的被动语态am/is/are+done，排除C和D；“Chinese”是第三人称单数，be动词用is。故选B。 二、英汉互译（本题共5题，每小题4分，共20分） 1．这件毛衣是由棉花制成。（汉译英） 【答案】This sweater is made of cotton. 【详解】考查时态和语态。根据句意可知，这是一个一般现在时被动语态的句子。这件毛衣：This sweater，作主语；是由棉花制成：is made of cotton，由“be+done”构成被动语态。故本句译为：This sweater is made of cotton. 2．Passengers are not （允许吸烟） in non-smoking areas. （根据汉语提示补全句子） 【答案】allowed to smoke 【详解】考查动词短语和被动语态。句意：乘客不得在非吸烟区吸烟。允许：allow；吸烟：smoke。本句主语“Passengers ”与“allow”之间为被动关系，故使用被动语态，be allowed to do sth.“被允许做某事”，不定式作主语补足语。故填allowed to smoke。 3．Most houses have a garden, and even if it is a very small one, the garden is usually loved. （英译汉） 【答案】大部分房子有一个花园，即使很小，花园通常也被喜爱。 【详解】考查状语从句和被动语态。分析句子结构可知，and前后是两个分句，前面一个是陈述句，后面一个是带有让步状语从句的主从复合句。第一分句中，“Most houses”作主语，意为“大部分房子”；“have”作谓语，意为“有”；“a garden”作宾语，意为“一个花园”；故第一分句译为“大部分房子有一个花园”。第二分句中，“even if it is a very small one”是让步状语从句，意为“尽管它（花园）很小”；“the garden is usually loved”是主句，其中副词“usually”作频度状语，意为“通常”；“is loved ”是被动语态，作谓语，意为“被喜爱”；故这句译为“花园通常也被喜爱”。所以整个句子翻译为：大部分房子有一个花园，即使很小，花园通常也被喜爱。 4．The rooms are cleaned every day. （英译汉） 【答案】这些房间每天都要打扫。 【详解】考查被动语态。分析句子结构可知，“the rooms”是主语，意为“这些房间”；“are cleaned”是谓语，一般现在时被动语态，意为“被打扫，要打扫”；“every day”是时间状语，意为“每天”。故本句译为：这些房间每天都要打扫。 5．An arrow is used to show directions. （英译汉） 【答案】箭头用来指示方向。 【详解】考查一般现在时的被动语态。分析句子结构可知，“An arrow”作主语，意为“箭头”；“is used”作谓语，意为“被用来”；“to show directions.”为动词不定式结构，意为“指示方向”。故本句译为：箭头用来指示方向。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$