实义动词-知识点训练卷湖南省《英语考纲百套卷》第23卷（原卷版+解析版）

编写说明：湖南省对口招生《英语考纲百套卷》，依据湖南省对口招生考试英语科目考试说明编写，本套试卷共120份。第一部分是按考纲考点要求编写的知识点训练卷，共65份。第二部分是专项训练卷，包括词汇、运用日常交际用语围绕话题进行交际、补全对话和匹配题、完形填空、阅读、英汉互译和应用文写作七个部分，共45份。第三部分是参考湖南省近几年的对口招生考试真题编写的综合模拟卷，共10份。 本试卷是湖南省对口招生考试《英语考纲百套卷》的第23卷，是动词部分知识点训练卷。试卷内容覆盖动词中的实义动词和动词辨析，还包含了部分时态和状语从句。按考纲的掌握要求编写。 湖南省对口招生考试《英语考纲百套卷》 第23卷 实义动词 知识点训练卷 考试时间60分钟 满分90分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 一、单项选择（共35小题，每小题2分，共70分） 1．The teacher doesn’t ______ his students to enter the lab without permission. A．allow B．let C．make D．have 2．They are going to ________ the football match. A．look B．be C．watch D．are 3．When we ______ to the railway station, the train had already left. A．reached B．got C．arrived D．get 4．— I think Mary is a successful woman. — I agree with you. She has nearly ________ all her dreams. A．realized B．won C．understood D．believed 5．Tracy_________ one hour in cleaning the house every day. A．takes B．pays C．costs D．spends 6．The box is not heavy. Li Yang can ________ it by himself. A．find B．watch C．learn D．carry 7．There is a lot of food to ________ in the shop. A．follow B．tell C．choose D．lead 8．It’s great that we can buy train tickets over the phone without going out. It ________ us a lot of time. A．gives B．wastes C．saves D．takes 9．Tom learns English very hard. He ________ CCTV English News every morning. A．listen B．listen to C．hear D．listens to 10．Don’t read in the sun. It will ______ your eyes. A．hurted B．hurt C．hurting D．to hurt 11．She ________ study computer knowledge. A．is good at B．gives up C．enjoys D．is eager to 12．Sometimes we change ice into liquid. We ________ water. A．call it B．call C．are call it D．called 13．They invited me to ________ their club and ________ the club activities every week. A．take part in; join B．join; join in C．join; join D．attend; take part in 14．The children are jumping excitedly because they have ________ the design perfectly in groups. A．completed B．controlled C．contacted D．caused 15．This dictionary ________ me 20 yuan. A．took B．spent C．cost D．paid 16．He ____________ a lot of birthday presents but he didn’t ____________ them. A．received; accept B．accepted; receive C．accepted; accept D．received; accept 17．— How much did the new coat ______? — She ______350 yuan for it. A．cost; paid B．spend; cost C．pay; cost D．take; paid 18．She doesn’t like to ______ a black dress. A．wear B．put on C．dress D．put in 19．It often rains and the crops _______ fast. A．get B．turn C．become D．grow 20．Columbus ________ America in 1942. A．invented B．discovered C．invited D．covered 21．Do you know who ________ the gold medal? A．won B．win C．defeat D．defeated 22．It’s helpful to ________ a good habit of reading in language learning. A．take B．show C．match D．develop 23．Her family was too poor to ________ her training. A．afford B．pay C．cost D．spend 24．The teacher told us that the sun ________ in the east. A．rises B．rose C．raise D．raised 25．Warm sunshine ________ the coming of spring. A．instructs B．links C．combines D．announces 26．It ________ her two hours to go to school every day. A．pays B．takes C．spends D．costs 27．Wish you great _________. A．succeed B．success C．successful D．successfully 28．The little cat ________ under the car yesterday. A．was found B．is found C．was founded D．is founded 29．_________ your children to try new things, and never push them too hard. A．Make B．Let C．Have D．Encourage 30．Prince William ________ the students playing football when he visited Shanghai. A．joined B．took part in C．attended D．joined in 31．The doctors have told him to ________ on smoking and drinking. A．cut away B．cut across C．cut off D．cut down 32．I am happy to ________ you that you have passed the final exam. A．gain B．inform C．impress D．attract 33．Jack, our monitor, is creative and energetic enough to ________ the task successfully. A．consider B．compare C．complete D．confirm 34．—I am hungry. Let’s get something to eat at once. —This app can ________ some good restaurants nearby. Come and have a look. A．remember B．recommend C．record D．receive 35．What we eat and how we have our diets can ______ our health. A．affect B．effect C．efficient D．effective 二、英汉互译（本题共5题，每小题4分，共20分） 1．我爸爸不同意我和他说的话。 My father doesn’t with what I said to him. 2．You have to （上传你的照片） before May 31. （根据汉语提示补全句子） 3．At last the building was completed and all the workers （离开）. （根据汉语提示完成句子） 4．你可以在9点以前乘坐班车或者在23点前打车。（汉译英） 5．He’s a manager. He . 他是一个经理。他经营着一个部门（经营一个部门） 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 编写说明：湖南省对口招生《英语考纲百套卷》，依据湖南省对口招生考试英语科目考试说明编写，本套试卷共120份。第一部分是按考纲考点要求编写的知识点训练卷，共65份。第二部分是专项训练卷，包括词汇、运用日常交际用语围绕话题进行交际、补全对话和匹配题、完形填空、阅读、英汉互译和应用文写作七个部分，共45份。第三部分是参考湖南省近几年的对口招生考试真题编写的综合模拟卷，共10份。 本试卷是湖南省对口招生考试《英语考纲百套卷》的第23卷，是动词部分知识点训练卷。试卷内容覆盖动词中的实义动词和动词辨析，还包含了部分时态和状语从句。按考纲的掌握要求编写。 湖南省对口招生考试《英语考纲百套卷》 第23卷 实义动词 知识点训练卷 考试时间60分钟 满分90分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 一、单项选择（共35小题，每小题2分，共70分） 1．The teacher doesn’t ______ his students to enter the lab without permission. A．allow B．let C．make D．have 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：老师不允许学生未经允许进入实验室。A. allow允许；B. let让；C. make使；D. have有。allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事；而make/let/have这三个词后面跟省略to的动词不定式作宾补。故选A。 2．They are going to ________ the football match. A．look B．be C．watch D．are 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：他们要去观看足球比赛。A. look看，不及物动词；B. be是；C. watch观看，及物动词；D. are是。根据“They are going to ... the football match.”可知，此处是观看足球比赛。故选C。 3．When we ______ to the railway station, the train had already left. A．reached B．got C．arrived D．get 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词辨析及时态。句意：当我们到达火车站时，火车已经开走了。A. reached+地点名词；B. got to+地点名词；C. arrived at/in+地点名词；D. get to+地点名词。根据“when”引导的时间状语从句句意可知，从句动作“到达”发生在主句动作“离开”之后，主句谓语用过去完成时（had already left），从句的谓语应该用一般过去时。故选B。 4．— I think Mary is a successful woman. — I agree with you. She has nearly ________ all her dreams. A．realized B．won C．understood D．believed 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：—我认为玛丽是一位成功的女性。—我同意你的看法。她几乎实现了她所有的梦想。A. realized实现；B. won赢得；C. understood理解；D. believed相信。“realize one’s dream”，固定短语，表示“实现某人的梦想”。故选A。 5．Tracy_________ one hour in cleaning the house every day. A．takes B．pays C．costs D．spends 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：特蕾西每天花一个小时打扫房子。A. takes花费（用于“It takes sb. some time to do sth.”结构）；B. pays支付（用于“pay for sth.”结构）；C. costs花费（用于“sth. costs”结构）；D. spends花费（用于“sb. spend ... in doing sth.”结构）。根据“in cleaning the house”可知，此处应用“sb. spend ... in doing sth.”的结构。故选D。 6．The box is not heavy. Li Yang can ________ it by himself. A．find B．watch C．learn D．carry 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：这个箱子不重，李阳一个人就能搬动。A. find发现；B. watch观看；C. learn学习；D. carry搬。根据“The box is not heavy. Li Yang can ... it by himself.”可知，此处指“这个箱子不重，李阳一个人就能搬动。”。故选D。 7．There is a lot of food to ________ in the shop. A．follow B．tell C．choose D．lead 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：商店里有很多食物可供选择。A. follow跟随；B. tell告诉；C. choose选择；D. lead引路。根据“There is a lot of food to ... in the shop.”可知，此处意为“商店里有很多食物可供选择”。故选C。 8．It’s great that we can buy train tickets over the phone without going out. It ________ us a lot of time. A．gives B．wastes C．saves D．takes 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：我们不用出门就能通过电话买到火车票，这太棒了。这节省了我们很多时间。A. gives 给；B. wastes 浪费；C. saves 节省；D. takes 带，拿走。根据句意可知，不用出门就可以买到火车票，这样做肯定节省了时间。故选C项。 9．Tom learns English very hard. He ________ CCTV English News every morning. A．listen B．listen to C．hear D．listens to 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：汤姆学英语非常努力。他每天早上听中央电视台英语新闻。listen是不及物动词，意为“听”，不能直接跟宾语，后面如果要接宾语，必须加介词to，即，listen to；“ He ”是第三人称单数，故应用listen的第三人称单数形式。故选D。 10．Don’t read in the sun. It will ______ your eyes. A．hurted B．hurt C．hurting D．to hurt 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词形式。句意：不要在阳光下看书。它会伤害你的眼睛。助动词“will”之后需要接动词原形，故选B。 11．She ________ study computer knowledge. A．is good at B．gives up C．enjoys D．is eager to 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词及动词短语。句意：她渴望学习计算机知识。A. is good at擅长于（后接动词时，使用动名词形式）；B. gives up放弃（后接动词时，使用动名词形式）；C. enjoys喜欢（后接动词时，使用动名词形式）；D. is eager to渴望（后接动词时，使用原形）。根据空后动词原形“study”可知，D项符合句子语法规则。故选D。 12．Sometimes we change ice into liquid. We ________ water. A．call it B．call C．are call it D．called 【答案】A 【详解】句意：有时候我们把冰变成了液体，我们把它叫做水。 考查谓语动词。此句陈述事实应用一般现在时，排除D；be动词are后接现在分词calling，排除C；call需接复合宾语，排除B。故选A。 13．They invited me to ________ their club and ________ the club activities every week. A．take part in; join B．join; join in C．join; join D．attend; take part in 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词及动词短语辨析。句意：他们邀请我参加他们的俱乐部并每周参加俱乐部活动。take part in参加（某种活动）；join加入（某组织，并成为其中一员）；join in参加（某种活动）；attend出席（某种会议）。第一空意为“加入俱乐部”，故用join；第二空意为“参加活动”，故用take part in或者join in。故选B。 14．The children are jumping excitedly because they have ________ the design perfectly in groups. A．completed B．controlled C．contacted D．caused 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：孩子们兴奋地跳着，因为他们完美地完成了小组设计。A. completed完成；B. controlled控制；C. contacted联系；D. caused引起。根据“The children are jumping excitedly because they have ... the design perfectly in groups.”可知，他们完美地完成了小组设计，所以completed符合题意。故选A。 15．This dictionary ________ me 20 yuan. A．took B．spent C．cost D．paid 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：这本字典花了我20元。A. took花费，通常it作主语；B. spent花费，人作主语；C. cost花费，物作主语；D. paid支付，人作主语。本句主语This dictionary是指物，此处是“sth. cost sb.+价钱”的搭配。故选C。 16．He ____________ a lot of birthday presents but he didn’t ____________ them. A．received; accept B．accepted; receive C．accepted; accept D．received; accept 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：他收到了很多生日礼物但他都没有接受。receive指客观上的收到，并不涉及主观意愿；accept指主观上自愿接受。第一空只是强调收到礼物这个动作，所以填received；第二空强调主观上不愿意接受礼物，所以填accept。故选A。 17．— How much did the new coat ______? — She ______350 yuan for it. A．cost; paid B．spend; cost C．pay; cost D．take; paid 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：—这件新外套花了多少钱？—她为此支付了350元。cost花费； paid支付；spend花费；take花费。sth. cost sb. some money某物花费某人……钱；pay some money for sth.为……支付……钱；sb. spend some money on sth.某人在……上花了……钱；it takes sb. some time to do sth.花费某人……时间做某事。第一空，根据“How much did the new coat ...?”可知，主语是the new coat，因此此处应用cost；第二空，根据“She ... 350 yuan for it.”可知，此处应用pay，搭配介词for。故选A。 18．She doesn’t like to ______ a black dress. A．wear B．put on C．dress D．put in 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：她不喜欢穿黑色裙子。A. wear穿，后接衣物，表状态；B. put on穿，后接衣物，表动作；C. dress穿衣服，后接人；D. put in提出。根据“She doesn’t like to ... a black dress.”可知，空格处应用wear接衣物，表状态。故选A。 19．It often rains and the crops _______ fast. A．get B．turn C．become D．grow 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：经常下雨，农作物生长迅速。A. get 变得；B. turn 变；C. become 变；D. grow 生长。根据句意可知，经常下雨会让农作物迅速生长，grow特指生物体的自然生长，符合语境。故选D。 20．Columbus ________ America in 1942. A．invented B．discovered C．invited D．covered 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：哥伦布在1942年发现了美洲。A. invented发明，是指发明世界上原本不存在的东西；B. discovered发现，表示发现客观上已存在的事物；C. invited邀请；D. covered覆盖。根据“America ”可知，哥伦布是发现了美洲。故选B。 21．Do you know who ________ the gold medal? A．won B．win C．defeat D．defeated 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词辨析及一般过去时。句意：你知道谁赢了金牌吗？win赢得，获得（奖品、荣誉、比赛等）；defeat打败，击败（对手等）。分析句子可知，“谁赢得了金牌”这一事件是先于询问这个当下时刻发生的，故时态为一般过去时；又根据“the gold medal”可知，此处是“赢得金牌”，故用won。故选A。 22．It’s helpful to ________ a good habit of reading in language learning. A．take B．show C．match D．develop 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：在语言学习中养成良好的阅读习惯是有帮助的。A. take拿；B. show展示；C. match匹配；D. develop发展，培养。develop a habit of意为“培养……的习惯”，固定短语。故选D。 23．Her family was too poor to ________ her training. A．afford B．pay C．cost D．spend 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词。句意：她家太穷，负担不起她的训练费用。A. afford负担得起；B. pay支付（pay for sth.付款）；C. cost花费（主语是物）；D. spend花费。根据“her training”可知，此处是指负担训练费用，用afford。故选A。 24．The teacher told us that the sun ________ in the east. A．rises B．rose C．raise D．raised 【答案】A 【详解】考查一般现在时及动词辨析。句意：老师告诉我们太阳从东方升起。A. rises升起；B. rose升起，过去式；C. raise举起；D. raised举起，过去式。根据句意可知，此处意为“太阳升起”，故用rise；“the sun ... in the east”为宾语从句，描述的是客观真理，在描述客观真理、客观存在或科学事实时，无论主句的时态如何，从句都要用一般现在时。“太阳从东方升起”是客观真理，且主语“the sun”是第三人称单数，所以动词用“rises”。故选A。 25．Warm sunshine ________ the coming of spring. A．instructs B．links C．combines D．announces 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：温暖的阳光宣告着春天的来临。A. instructs 指导；B. links连接；C. combines结合；D. announces宣布，宣告。根据句意可知，温暖的阳光意味着春天的到来，选项D符合语境。故选D。 26．It ________ her two hours to go to school every day. A．pays B．takes C．spends D．costs 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：她每天要花两个小时去上学。A. pays付款，主语为人；B. takes花费，主语常为it；C. spends花费，主语为人；D. costs花费，主语为物。根据“It ... her two hours to go to school every day.”可知，此处是“It takes sb. some time to do sth.”句型，意思是“做某事花费某人多长时间”。故选B。 27．Wish you great _________. A．succeed B．success C．successful D．successfully 【答案】B 【详解】考查词性辨析。句意：祝你成功。A. succeed成功，动词；B. success成功，名词；C. successful成功的，形容词；D. successfully成功地，副词。根据“Wish you great...”可知，此处是“wish sb. +n.”结构，意为“祝愿某人……”。故选B。 28．The little cat ________ under the car yesterday. A．was found B．is found C．was founded D．is founded 【答案】A 【详解】考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：昨天在汽车下面发现了一只小猫。根据时间状语“yesterday (昨天)”可知，此句的时态是一般过去时；句子的主语“cat (猫)”和谓语动词“find (发现，找到)”之间构成被动关系，要用被动语态（be+动词过去分词）；“find (找到)”的过去分词词形是“found”。综上所述，此句要用一般过去时的被动语态“was found (被找到)”。故选A。 29．_________ your children to try new things, and never push them too hard. A．Make B．Let C．Have D．Encourage 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：鼓励你的孩子尝试新事物，但尽量不要过分逼迫他们。A. Make使；B. Let让；C. Have有；D. Encourage鼓励。根据句意可知，空处表示“鼓励”孩子尝试新事物，固定搭配为“encourage sb to do sth.”，意为鼓励某人做某事。故选D。 30．Prince William ________ the students playing football when he visited Shanghai. A．joined B．took part in C．attended D．joined in 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词和动词短语辨析。句意：威廉王子访问上海时和学生们一起踢足球。A. joined加入某个群体或组织；B. took part in参加某个有准备的、可能正式的活动；C. attended出席某个场合；D. joined in参加某项活动。根据“the students”可知，此处表示加入学生这个群体，用join。故选A。 31．The doctors have told him to ________ on smoking and drinking. A．cut away B．cut across C．cut off D．cut down 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：医生已经让他减少吸烟和喝酒。A. cut away切除；B. cut across横跨；C. cut off切断；D. cut down削减。根据句意可知，此处表达减少抽烟和喝酒。故选D。 32．I am happy to ________ you that you have passed the final exam. A．gain B．inform C．impress D．attract 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很高兴告知你，你已经通过期末考试。A. gain获得；B. inform告知；C. impress使留下印象；D. attract吸引。根据句意可知，此处表达“告诉，告知”。故选B。 33．Jack, our monitor, is creative and energetic enough to ________ the task successfully. A．consider B．compare C．complete D．confirm 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：我们的班长杰克，有创造力又精力充沛，足够可以成功地完成任务。A. consider考虑；B. compare比较；C. complete完成；D. confirm确认。根据宾语“the task”可知，此处应是指“完成任务”。故选C。 34．—I am hungry. Let’s get something to eat at once. —This app can ________ some good restaurants nearby. Come and have a look. A．remember B．recommend C．record D．receive 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：—我饿了。我们马上去吃点东西吧。—这个应用程序可以推荐附近的一些好餐馆。过来看看。A. remember记得；B. recommend推荐；C. record记录；D. receive收到。根据句意可知，应用程序可以推荐附近的一些好餐馆。故选B。 35．What we eat and how we have our diets can ______ our health. A．affect B．effect C．efficient D．effective 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词。句意：我们吃什么以及我们如何饮食会影响我们的健康。A. affect影响（动词）；B. effect影响，效果（名词）；C. efficient高效的；D. effective有效的。分析句子可知，横线前是情态动词can，所以横线上是动词原形affect。故选A。 二、英汉互译（本题共5题，每小题4分，共20分） 1．我爸爸不同意我和他说的话。 My father doesn’t with what I said to him. 【答案】agree 【详解】考查动词。同意：agree，动词，作谓语，位于“doesn’t”之后，用动词原形。故填agree。 2．You have to （上传你的照片） before May 31. （根据汉语提示补全句子） 【答案】upload your photos 【详解】考查动词。句意：你必须在5月31日前上传你的照片。上传：upload；你的照片：your photos。have to“必须”之后动词用原形。故填upload your photos。 3．At last the building was completed and all the workers （离开）. （根据汉语提示完成句子） 【答案】went away/left 【详解】考查动词或动词短语。句意：最终，大楼完工，所有工人都离开了。离开：go away或者leave，根据“was completed”可知，此句为一般过去时。故填went away或者left。 4．你可以在9点以前乘坐班车或者在23点前打车。（汉译英） 【答案】You can take the shuttle bus before 9 or take a taxi before 11 p.m.. 【详解】考查并列连词或动词。分析句子可知，该句是一个简单的陈述句。你：You，作主语；可以：can，情态动词；乘坐：take，作谓语；班车：the shuttle bus，作宾语；在9点以前：before 9，作状语；或者：or，并列连词，连接两个并列的谓语；打车：take a taxi；在23点前：before 11 p.m.，作状语。故本句译为：You can take the shuttle bus before 9 or take a taxi before 11 p.m.. 5．He’s a manager. He . 他是一个经理。他经营着一个部门（经营一个部门） 【答案】manages a department 【详解】考查一般现在时及动词。分析句子可知，此处应用一般现在时。经营：manage，及物动词，作谓语，根据主语“He”，谓语动词用第三人称单数manages；一个部门：a department，作宾语。故填manages a department。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$