专题05 阅读理解CD篇解题要点及专项训练-2024-2025学年八年级英语上学期期末复习（人教版）

专题05.阅读理解CD篇解题要点及专项训练 一．解题思路 （一）先读问题，弄清考查要点，以便能带着问题看文章，这样会心中有数，有的放矢。 （二）快速浏览全文，掌握全貌，注意发现与问题有关的信息，如果时间紧，至少要扫视一下起首段和尾段。再把标题和文章内容结合起来想一想，这样全文大意便清楚了。此时，不要忙于答题。 （三）细读原文，捕捉相关信息词，掌握短文细节内容。这是解题的关键，应特别注意以下几点： 1. 抓住四个"W"和一个"H"，就是边读边用铅笔做些标记，把What (事件)，When（时间），Where（地点），Why（原因），How（经过）划出来。抓住了四个“W”和一个“H”，就抓住了文章的全貌，一些直接性的问题便可解决。 2.抓住连接词及起关键作用的副词、代词、介词、插入语等。因为这些词具有因果，让步，递进，转折，指代，列举及承上启下等各种连接上下文的特殊功能。这对考生分清文章层次，辨明各种关系，了解人物心理，推断作者意图，进行逻辑推理等手段来分析难点，都具有举足轻重的作用。 3.注意领会文章的寓意。 4.根据题意，初选答案。这一步须仔细审题，领会测试要求，确定解题方法。对那些明显的，有把握的题可以断然确定，不必把其余三个答案再作推敲而浪费时间：有些略难的题，应再查阅短文（不是重读一遍），迅速找出依据，予以排除。 二．常用的解题方法有如下几种： ① 直接解题法。即从原文中直接找出答案。 ② 归纳解题法。对于不能从原文中直接找出答案的可在把握全文中心和线索的前题下进行概括、归纳得出正确答案。 ③ 综合推理法。读者需统观全文，认真分析，综合推理及至计算，最后归纳出正确答案。 题干中有"suggest, conclude, conclusion, probably, reason, because, according to“等字眼时，属于推断概括型，考查内容着眼于全篇，考生应具备一定的分析归纳，推理等逻辑思维能力。 ④ 捕捉关键词。在阅读时应该注意与问题相关的同义词，近义词，反义词或同位词等信息词来得出正确答案。 ⑤ 转换解题法。即原文这么说，而在问题和所给选项中则用另外的词去转换一种说法，但仍表示同一含义。 ⑥ 排除法。根据语言，句法结构，信息词和常识，在没有把握的选项中用排除法得出正确答案。 三．重读原文，仔细斟酌核对答案。 在解完最后一道题后，如果时间允许，再将原文读一遍；用全文的主题思想统率各思考题，研究其内在联系和逻辑关系，目的在于对所做答案进一步审查，推出未解答的题，以便减少失误。 1.（23-24八年级上·广东潮州·期末） Future City is a project-based learning (基于学习的) program. It starts with a question—how can we make the world a better place? To answer it, 6th, 7th and 8th-grade students try to think up good ideas to a citywide problem to build cities of the future. Future City started in the USA．It has a history of about 30 years. Students work as a team to design (设计) a city 100 years later in the future. Each year, Future City has a theme. Teams will think about good solutions according to (根据) it. Future City plays an important role in improving students’ interest in science, technology (科技), engineering, art, and math (STEAM for short). Because during the program, students do the things as engineers do. For example, first, they should make clear of problems, and then come up with new ideas. Next, they work together to solve them. After testing, retesting, and building, finally, they share their results in four to five ways such as making models or giving papers and so on. 1．Who can take part in Future City program? A．Students of Grade 9. B．The 8th-grade students. C．Engineers. D．Scientists. 2．Which statements is right according to the passage? A．Future City program solve village problems. B．Future City program started about 30years ago in the UK. C．Future City program is teamwork. D．Future City improves students' interest in geography. 3．Why can Future City improve students’ interest in STEAM? A．Because engineers take part in the program. B．Because students do the things as engineers do. C．Because students take part in the program with teachers' help. D．Because students enjoy the study very much. 4．In Paragraph 2, what is the meaning of the underlined word “theme”? A．方法 B．形式 C．主题 D．活动 5．Which is the right order (顺序) according to the steps of program? ①share the result ②many times of testing and building ③come up with solutions ④find out the problem ⑤solve problems in groups A．①②③④⑤ B．⑤①④③② C．④③⑤②① D．②①③⑤④ 2.（23-24八年级上·河北承德·期末） Weekday mornings are very busy for the U. S. middle school students. When your school doesn’t have a bus, and you live too far away to walk, you need a carpool. A carpool is a group of people sharing the responsibility (责任) of driving to school in the morning. There are usually four or five kids in a carpool and their parents take turns to drive the kids in their cars. Someone’s car smells like wet dogs. Some kids get to eat desserts for breakfast and some parents shout so much that all you try to do is to stay quiet and go unnoticed. When your mum or dad drives the carpool, your classmates get a close-up look at how strange your parents can be. It might be your first sociological (社会学的) study and your first time to work with others. Teamwork is really important in the carpool because nobody wants to make anyone else late. It’s a great lesson in responsibility. Imagine sitting in the car outside of a classmate’s house, watching the clock and counting the seconds. Then you start to understand how your carpool friends might feel when you are still inside the house at 7:48. You really begin to learn all your real life lessons just moments before the start of school—in the carpool. 1．What is a carpool? A．Parents drive kids to school on their way to work. B．Parents take turns to drive their kids to school. C．Kids go to school in their parents’ cars. D．Kids drive their own cars to school. 2．What can students learn from a carpool? A．How to drive a car. B．How to get along with others. C．What to do with homework. D．Real teamwork. 3．Teamwork is really important in the carpool because ________. A．not everyone has a car B．students have to do their homework in the car C．nobody wants to make anyone else late D．students share their breakfast with others 4．Which of the following is TRUE? A．Kids can learn real life lessons in a carpool. B．If kids live far away from school, they are always late for school. C．The U. S. children enjoy carpooling better than taking a school bus. D．Kids often have enough time to study in a carpool. 3.（23-24八年级上·陕西商洛·期末） Last Saturday, I went to a coffee shop to meet a friend. I got there earlier. So I ordered a cup of coffee and sat by the window watching people. Some boys were playing football on the street. When the ball crossed the road, a little boy ran after it. Suddenly, there came a car. It was going very fast. When the driver saw the boy in his way, it was too late…The small boy was lying on the street without moving. To everyone’s surprise, the car didn’t stop. It drove away quickly. People ran to the boy. The coffee shop owner telephoned the police. Soon someone sent the boy to the hospital. At 6: 30 p.m., the police arrived and started questioning people. About half an hour later, they asked me to go to the police station because I saw everything. I gave them all the information I knew, because I really wanted them to catch the driver. I didn’t leave the police station until 8: 00 p.m. The next day, the boy’s parents called me to say thanks. They also told me their child was out of danger and the driver was at the police station now. 1．Why did the writer go to the coffee shop? A．To relax himself. B．To meet his friend. C．To help the boy. D．To work. 2．What happened to the boy while he was running after the football? A．He was taken away by someone. B．He fell heavily on the road. C．He was hit by a car suddenly. D．He knocked into a man. 3．How long did the writer stay in the police station? A．About half an hour. B．About an hour. C．About an hour and a half. D．About two hours. 4．How might the writer feel at the end of the story? A．Worried. B．Sorry. C．Happy. D．Sad. 4.（23-24八年级上·安徽·期末） Lu Xun is one of the greatest Chinese writers of the 20th century. He not only wrote stories, but also wrote articles about living conditions of Chinese people. Lu Xun was born in 1881. In 1898, his grandfather was put into prison (监狱) for taking money. His father became seriously ill. From that time on, his family were no longer accepted by their relatives and friends. These early experiences greatly influenced his writing. In 1902, he went to study in Japan. He showed a talent for writing and translating. He even wrote several books. He returned to China in 1909 because he was in need of money. After working for several years as a teacher in Beijing, Lu Xun again returned to writing. In 1918, he wrote his famous short story Diary of a Madman. It was the first Chinese novel published (出版) using the everyday language that people spoke, which helped make it a great success. This, together with his novel The True Story of Ah Q (1921), made Lu Xun a leading Chinese writer. Lu Xun still worried greatly about China’s future. In 1926, he moved to Shanghai and gave up writing stories. He then only wrote articles which called on people to fight against the government. For this, the government stopped him from publishing any more books. He died in 1936. Lu Xun’s importance and influence have grown. Today, some of his works are included in school textbooks and his works are read by millions of people around the world. 1．Which one greatly influenced Lu Xun’s writing according to the passage? A．The people he met in Japan. B．The experiences in his early life. C．Working as a teacher in Beijing. D．The life in Shanghai. 2．Why was Lu Xun’s story Diary of a Madman so popular? A．Because it was based on Lu Xun’s diary. B．Because it was the first novel using everyday language. C．Because its story took place in modern times. D．Because it was a true and interesting story. 3．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．Diary of a Madman. B．The True Story of Ah Q. C．His success in writing. D．His talent in translating. 4．What’s the best title for the text? A．The life experience of Lu Xun. B．The books written by Lu Xun. C．The achievement of Lu Xun. D．The comment on Lu Xun. 5.（23-24八年级上·福建三明·期末） On Tuesday, a sudden heavy rain caused floods (洪水) in Zhengzhou. More than 160 trains stopped services at Zhengzhoudong Railway Station. A lot of people couldn’t leave the subway. The floods have killed many people and many people are missing. Floods usually come quickly. You can prepare something at home. Some food,  bottled water and medicine are necessary. Pack some warm clothes for each person. Put them in a bag that you can easily find. When floods come, don’t worry. You may have only a short time to run away. You must keep away from water as quickly as you can and stay on high ground to wait (等) for others to save you. Whether you are on foot or have to leave your car, you should choose high ground. It’s the best way. Try not to call with your mobile phone, but text (发短信) for help to save electricity (电). If you are in danger, text people where you are and your own information. Remember to leave everything behind. Don’t stop to move valuables (贵重物品). You should always put your safety first. Crying for help makes it easier for people to find you. Wave (挥) an arm if you can. Keep trying until someone comes for you. 1．The floods in Zhengzhou _______. A．started on Friday B．were very serious C．killed many children D．made 60 trains stop services 2．What does the writer advise us to prepare before floods? A． B． C． D． 3．What should we do when floods come? A．Stay on high ground. B．Swim in the water. C．Give many calls to friends. D．Drive our car to leave. 4．In Paragraph 4, the writer advises us to _______. A．stop crying loudly B．help to find other people C．do our best to live D．take good care of valuables 5．What would be the best title for the passage? A．How to Stay Away from Water B．How to Text for Help C．How to Help People in Danger D．How to Stay Safe in Floods 6.（22-23八年级上·河南新乡·期末） Wall-E is an interesting film. The story starts on the earth (地球) about 800 years in the future. There are no humans (人类) on the earth. They all left in spaceships in the 22nd century when terrible pollution made it impossible to stay. They left behind lots of robots to clean the earth. However, the pollution was so bad that they couldn’t come back. 700 years later, all the robots stop working but one called Wall-E. He spends most of his time picking up rubbish. Then one day, another robot named Eve arrives. Humans in a spaceship sent her to see if there’s any sign (迹象) of life on the earth. Wall-E falls in love with Eve. When a spaceship comes to pick up Eve, Wall-E decides to follow her into space. Wall-E and Eve go to a large spaceship. There are many humans and robots. These humans are quite different. They spend their time in chairs, and become so fat that they cannot even stand without the help of the robots. With the help of Wall-E and Eve, the captain (船长) finally brings all the humans back to the earth successfully. The film shows what might happen to the earth if we don’t take care of it. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．Why do the humans leave the earth? A．Because they wanted to travel in space. B．Because there wasn’t enough food. C．Because there was terrible pollution. D．Because the robots don’t let them live on the earth. 2．What is Wall-E’s job? A．Cleaning the earth. B．Finding other robots. C．Finding a new home. D．Driving the spaceship. 3．What does the underlined words “take care of” mean in Chinese? A．利用 B．照顾 C．抛弃 D．忽略 4．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．A film named Wall-E. B．Pollution on the earth. C．Robots in the future. D．Humans’ life in the future. 5．What is the structure (结构) of the passage?(P=Paragraph) A．B． C． D． 7.（23-24八年级上·江苏泰州·期末） You might not know the name Beverly Cleary, but perhaps you have read one of her books—Ramona the Pest, Dear Mr. Henshaw, among many other titles. Cleary is one of the world’s most popular children’s writers. By showing that stories about ordinary (普通的) kids could be interesting, too, she changed the world of children’s books. As a child, Cleary had trouble learning to read. Even after she had learned to love reading, she still found many books boring. The girl felt like the people she was reading about had little to do with her or her life. She wanted to read funny books about children like herself. When she grew up, Cleary became a librarian (图书管理员). One day, some boys asked her, “Where are the books about kids like us?” Cleary realized there weren’t many books about ordinary kids, so she began to write some. Her first book, Henry Huggins, tells the story of a boy and his dog. Huggins is just an ordinary third-grader, but the book soon became a hit. Cleary went on to write more books about Huggins and the other children in his neighborhood. From this neighborhood, “Ramona the Pest” became Cleary’s best-known character. She is always getting into trouble. Whenever Ramona gets into trouble, it’s often funny, but it’s also something most kids can understand. Cleary knew what it really felt like to be a kid. Unlike many other children’s writers, Cleary liked to focus on (聚焦) real-life problems. In several of her books, the parents have money problems or are unhappy with their jobs. Cleary dealt with these situations with a gentle sense of humor and a deep understanding. Cleary wrote over 40 books in all. More than 91 million copies of her books have been sold. The great writer died at the age of 104 on March 25, 2021. Although she is no longer with us, her characters and stories will continue to be loved by many for years to come. 1．How did Beverly Cleary change the world of children’s books? A．By using humor in her stories. B．By writing stories about ordinary kids. C．By writing books for third-graders. D．By including real-life problems in her books. 2．Cleary decided to write for children after ________. A．she started working as a librarian B．she found she had trouble learning to read C．some boys asked her for books about ordinary kids D．she wanted to read books about children like herself 3．The underlined part “a hit” in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to “________”. A．a popular thing B．a terrible mistake C．a form D．a secret 4．We can learn from the article that “Ramona the Pest” ________. ① is as old as Henry Huggins ② has trouble learning to read ③ is a girl who always gets into trouble ④ lives in the same neighborhood as Henry Huggins A．①② B．②③ C．③④ D．①④ 5．Cleary was different from many other children’s writers because  ________. A．many of the stories in her books are true B．many of her books are about real-life problems C．she wrote about kids who often get into trouble D．many of the characters in her books are humorous 8.（23-24八年级上·广西崇左·期末） When Zhu Yun bought her dogs five years ago, she spent nearly half of her money raising dogs each month. Every month, she spends nearly 7,000 yuan on pet food and snacks, pet clothing and taking her seven-year-old poodle (鬟毛狗) and five-year-old Yorkshire terrier (约克郡犬) on holidays. “I take them to go on a trip twice a month, and during each Spring Festival, I take them to Shanghai,” said Zhu. She also pays some photographers to take photos of her pets. This costs her 3,000 yuan each time. People like Zhu are making the pet market grow. Pet shops now sell things like food and water bowls. They also sell lifestyle things such as pet wine, pet milk tea and pet clothes. There are even some smart robots for dogs and cats. That’s because people’s ideas about pets change. Most people from the post-90s generation (90后) are from one-child families, so people feel lonely sometimes. For this reason, their pets are like their family members. This is why people like to spend more money on their pets today. Hu Min had a dog when she studied in Australia. She said, “Years ago, my parents kept dogs to watch and protect their homes. But today, dogs don’t play such a role (角色). They are like our family. Some even sleep in the same bed with their owners. I want to buy different kinds of things for my dog. I think my pet Taffee’s life should be as colorful as mine.” 根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项。 1．How often does Zhu Yun go on trips with her dogs? A．Twice a month. B．Twice a year. C．Once a month. 2．What does the underlined word “photographers” mean in the first paragraph? A．美发师 B．摄影师 C．营养师 3．Why do people like to spend more money on their pets today? A．Because they have too much money. B．Because their pets feel lonely sometimes. C．Because their pets are like their family members. 4．What can we know from the passage? A．Zhu Yun can make 7,000 yuan every month. B．Pet owners can’t buy pet wine at pet shops now. C．Hu Min’s parents kept dogs to watch and protect their homes. 5．What is the best title for this passage? A．Stories of Zhu Yun B．Our family members—Pets C．Change in pet shops 9.（23-24八年级上·四川绵阳·期末） Think your winter is cold? Temperatures in Yakutsk (雅库茨克) fell to -62.7℃ in January this year—the coldest in more than twenty years, scientists say. Yakutsk is the capital of Russia’s Sakha Republic. It is just 300 miles south of the Arctic Circle (北极圈). It is widely thought of as the coldest city in the world. People there know the key to keeping warm: Just dress warmly, like a cabbage. In the winter, the city is covered with “ice fog”. That happens when air is so cold that warmer air from houses, people and cars can’t go up. Pyotr Beketov built Yakutsk in 1632. Today, it is the scientific, cultural and economic center for the Russian Far East Federal Region. The city has a population of more than 330,000. They mainly live on dairy products (奶制品), meat and fish. Although there are rich natural resources (资源), many people live a poor life. Some even live in places worse than their farm animals’ living places. The city also has some special museums. Permafrost Kingdom is one of the most popular, It is an underground museum with beautiful ice sculpture (冰雕). Its summers are cool, but visiting Yakutsk in winter is not a good idea. It you want to experience this kind of life in Yakutsk, please come and see. 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By telling a story. B．By asking a question. C．By listing reasons. D．By giving examples. 2．What can we learn about Yakutsk from Para.2? ① Where it is.    ② When “ice fog” happens. ③ How people keep warm in the winter.    ④ What people usually do in the winter. A．①②③ B．①②④ C．②③④ D． ①③④ 3．Which of the following is TRUE? A．Yakutsk has a history of over 500 years. B．The best time to visit Yakutsk is in winter. C．People in Yakutsk mainly eat vegetables in their daily life: D．Yakutsk has a popular underground museum with ice sculptures. 4．According to the passage, what is the life like in Yakutsk? A．Very boring. B．Really busy. C．Not easy. D．Full of hunger. 5．Where can we probably find the passage? A．In a science report. B．In a travel guide. C．In a personal diary. D．In a business newspaper. 10.（23-24八年级上·安徽马鞍山·期末） I’m Mary. I’m a movie lover and I want my kids to like movies, too. The first time I took my daughter, Lily, to the movie theater, she was six years old and the movie was Bambi. I chose it because I thought a cartoon movie would be good to her. Everything was going just fine and Bambi was so lovely. However, when a man killed Bambi’s mother, my daughter became very sad and asked to go home. So we left in the middle of the movie. Later I chose movies more carefully and my daughter watched many great ones. Luckily, she likes movies as much as I do now. My worry is: Are cartoons really safe for kids? Once I sat on the sofa to watch a carton with my 8-year-old son, Bill. I got dumbfounded when I saw a cartoon character was bleeding in front of us. The cartoon was like an action movie for adults! The next time you take a kid to the movie theater, be careful! Maybe a cartoon isn’t the best. You should take the time to watch it first (It’s a habit with me). Or the kid may get messages he or she isn’t ready to get yet. 1．Lily wanted to leave in the middle of Bambi because ________. A．it was a boring movie B．she felt quite tired C．the movie made her feel sad D．she found Bambi was not lovely 2．What does the underlined word “dumbfounded” in the text mean in Chinese? A．平静的 B．惊呆的 C．激动的 D．惭愧的 3．Before Mary takes her kids to the movie theater, she will ________. A．watch the movie first B．ask about her kids’ favorite C．make sure the movie theater is safe D．tell her kids what they will watch 4．What does Mary want to tell the readers? A．Most cartoons are not safe for kids. B．Young kids shouldn’t go to the movie theater. C．Parents should watch cartoons with their kids. D．Parents should choose movies carefully for their kids. 11.（23-24八年级上·广东深圳·期末） Imagine taking a flying taxi in the rush hour, getting where you want to go much faster than you could in a car. Air taxis are taking a big step forward. In June, a company called Joby Aviation was allowed to test their new air taxi. Joby has been making and testing flying taxis since 2017. Compared with helicopters (直升机), Joby says, their taxis are both quieter and cheaper. The air taxi will be flown by a pilot, and can carry four other passengers. It can fly as fast as 320 kilometers per hour and can go around 160 kilometers before it needs to be recharged (充电). By 2025, Joby hopes to start carrying passengers for money. The company expects to charge (收费) about $3 a mile at first. But over time, they hope to bring the price down to less than $1 per mile. Joby also expects their air taxis to provide a ride-sharing service in the air. Just like you might use an app to order a car to pick you up, you could use an app to order an air taxi. But there’s still a lot to do before air taxis become common. For one thing, governments need to make rules about where, when, and how these taxis can fly. And as exciting as the idea of flying taxis is, some people have concerns about them. The taxis may be quieter than helicopters, but they’ll still be adding noise and traffic to the skies. Some people think that only rich people will be able to afford (支付得起) to use them in the future. 1．Which of the following is TRUE about Joby’s air taxi? A．It doesn’t need a pilot. B．Five customers can take it together. C．It is cheap and doesn’t have much noise. D．It flies up to 320 miles per hour without being recharged. 2．What is Joby’s future plan? A．To build the world’s first flying taxi. B．To increase the price of their air taxis. C．To test their flying taxis all over the world. D．To offer a ride-sharing service in the sky. 3．What does the underlined word “concerns” in the last paragraph refer to? A．Worries. B．Chances. C．Experiences. D．Suggestions. 4．Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage? A．When Joby started making flying taxis. B．How far Joby’s air taxis are able to fly. C．What Joby will charge for their flying taxis. D．How long it takes to recharge Joby’s air taxis. 5．What is the main idea of the passage? A．How do flying taxis work? B．Flying taxis are starting to take off. C．How will flying taxis change our life? D．Flying taxis will be common in the future. 12.（23-24八年级上·浙江嘉兴·期末） According to the United Nations, later this year, India’s population will surpass China’s. With 1, 428 billion people, it will be the most populous country in the world. What is driving India’s population growth? Well, one of the biggest reasons is its young people. Nearly half of the country’s population is under the age of 25. Because of this, scientists believe that India’s population will reach the top in 2065. They say that India has a lot to learn from China. Giving better education is actually one of the best ways to control population. Becoming the world’s most populous country means an important turning point in India’s development. Have you ever heard the term “demographic dividend (人口红利)”? It means that the more working people a country has, the more likely its economy (经济) is to grow. In 2021, the working-age population of India stood at 900 million. That was a surprising number. However, the U. S. working-age population is only 207 million. Nearly 40 years ago, many young, clever Indians started moving to the West. They were looking for better chances for their skills. At that time, many scientists were worried about this. Many of them have become CEOs of top companies in the world. They can help develop their home country. ▲ There are, for example, not as many new non-farming jobs as people expected. Millions of young Indians feel hopeless about the future of their jobs. They choose to continue their studies rather than look for jobs. India’s unemployment rate (失业率) climbed to 8. 11% this past April. India still has a long way to go before it starts to take full advantage of its population size. 1．What can we learn from the situation of Indian population? A．India has stepped into an aging society recently. B．India became the most populous country last year. C．It’s not necessary for India to control its population. D．The population of India will reach the top in 42 years. 2．Which of the following can be the best to fill in “ ▲ ” in Paragraph 4? A．India takes full advantage of its population size now. B．With those chances for growth also bring disadvantages. C．Young people in India should choose to continue their studies. D．The problem of India’s unemployment rate will be solved soon. 3．Which could be the best title for the passage? A．Problems of populous countries. B．Advantages of population growth. C．Will this be the “Indian Century”? D．What makes India’s population growth? 13.（22-23八年级上·上海·期末） Cruises are becoming more and more popular, with around 20 million passengers per year now enjoying holidays on board luxury (奢侈的) ships. More people see a cruise as the perfect way to sit back and do nothing, and enjoy time off work. But what is the effect (影响) on the environment of this trend? Although it usually takes less energy for a vehicle to move through water than over land, cruise ships are often very big, with the biggest ones carrying up to 6, 000 passengers. Moving such large vehicles requires huge engines which burn as much as 300, 000 litres of fuel a day. One scientist has calculated that cruise ships produce as much pollution as 5 million cars going over the same distance. Because they are out at sea, they also burn dirtier fuel that isn’t allowed on land. Unfortunately, no government has control over the amount of air pollution out at sea. Cruises also produce huge amounts of rubbish, and cruise ships aren’t usually good at recycling. Waste water from showers and toilets is usually poured directly into the sea—as much per day as from a small town. Waste food from restaurants isn’t put into the sea, but still causes problems when brought back to the land. Cruise ships also cause difficulties in the cities where they stop. Popular destinations can get five or six ships per day, with thousands of tourists at a time. Good for restaurants? No. Restaurant owners complain that the visitors look around for a few hours and then return to their ship to eat. What’s more, the crowds can put off other tourists, who complain that the streets are too busy. Some towns have banned cruise ships or put a limit on the number that can stop at the same time. People who care about the environment worry that as the cruise industry continues to grow, so will the issues for our planet. 1．The underlined word “trend” in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to _______. A．change B．event C．decision D．problem 2．The biggest cruise can hold about _______ passengers. A．20, 000, 000 B．300, 000 C．6, 000 D．5, 000, 000 3．Cruise ships cause a lot of air pollution because _______. A．they carry large numbers of cars and passengers as well B．they use types of fuel that are not allowed on land C．it takes more energy to move through water than over land D．their engines are not as powerful as those of other vehicles 4．How is waste water dealt with on cruise ships? A．It’s thrown away at sea. B．It’s properly recycled. C．It’s brought into a town. D．It’s stored in the ships. 5．Why are cruise ship passengers not popular in some cities? A．They don’t spend money on meals in the restaurants. B．They fill up the restaurants and make noise. C．They complain when the city is too crowded. D．They are sometimes rude to other tourists. 6．The purpose of the passage is to _______. A．introduce a new way of travelling B．explain some problems cruise ships cause C．advise governments to ban cruise ships D．encourage people to try cruise ships 14.（23-24八年级上·广东广州·期末） Ivan was a poor farmer. He and his daughter, a very clever girl, lived in a small house. Ivan had a horse. As he didn’t have a place to keep it, he had to keep the mother horse in the neighbor’s garden. One day, the neighbour found a newly born baby horse under the tree. Surely, Ivan’s horse was the mother of the baby horse. Later, the neighbour told Ivan about the baby horse. He told Ivan that the tree was the mother of the baby horse because it was born under the tree. The baby horse belonged to him. Ivan was angry and wanted the horse back. So Ivan and his neighbour went to the king. The king listened to words on both sides patiently and said, “The truth is hard to tell. I’ve decided to set you two questions. Come back in four days and give me your answers. The person who answers the questions honestly shall win.” The questions were as follows: What’s the richest and fattest thing in the world? And what’s the sweetest thing? The neighbour went to her grandmother for help. His grandma said, “The richest and fattest thing is our pig. And the sweetest thing in the world is our little grandson.” Ivan went back to his house, looking upset. His little girl asked what happened, and he told her all about the king’s questions. She said, “The richest and fattest thing in the world is the earth. It gives us all our food. And the sweetest thing in the world is love.” Four days later, Ivan, with his daughter, came to the king. And so did the neighbor. The king listened to their answers, and turned to the neighbour. “Who helped you with your answers?” “Nobody, Sir,” said the neighbor. “I found out the answers all by myself.” The king did not believe him, and turned to Ivan. “And who helped you with your homework?” “I asked my daughter. She is really a smart girl, Sir.” “I see you are very clever, little girl,” the king said to Ivan’s daughter. “You and your father seem very poor. How do you live?” “Well, Sir,” said the girl. “Papa catches the fish living in trees.” “What?” asked the king. “That’s impossible because fishes don’t live in trees.” “Yes, Sir,” replied the wise girl. “And a tree can’t be the mother of a baby horse.” 1．Which word best describes (描述) the neighbour in the story? ________ A．Wise. B．Poor. C．Patient. D．Dishonest. 2．Why did the king leave questions to Ivan and the neighbour? A．He wanted to know about the fattest thing in the world. B．He wanted to learn about the sweetest thing in the world. C．He wanted to show who was the honest one between them. D．He wanted to see who was the wisest person in the country. 3．What’s the correct order of the following events? a. The king gave two questions. b. Ivan went to the king with his daughter. c. The neighbour wanted to keep the baby horse. d. The girl told Ivan the answers to the two questions. e. Ivan kept the mother horse in the neighbor’s garden. A．e, c, a, d, b B．d, e, a, b, c C．e, c, b, a, d D．d, e, b, a, c 4．The girl said the underlined words in the last paragraph to ________. A．tell how she and her father lived B．teach the king knowledge about a tree C．tell the horse couldn’t be the neighbor’s D．show she’s the smartest person in the world 15.（23-24八年级上·山东济南·期末） Long ago, there was a man called Sessa. He invented (发明) a new game to make his friend, the king, happy. He called it “chess”. The king loved it and decided to give him anything he liked. However, Sessa told the king he only wanted some grains of wheat (小麦粒). “What?!” said the king, greatly surprised. “Since you enjoy my chessboard so much, just give me a grain of wheat on the first square (方格) of the chessboard, two grains on the second square, four for the third, and so on. Each square doubles the amount (数量) of the last,” replied Sessa. “Very well!” the king told his prime minister (丞相), “give it to him!” The first day, when the prime minister gave Sessa a grain of wheat, everyone laughed loudly. The second day, he got two. The ninth day, Sessa received 256 grains. It took Sessa 16 days to get enough wheat to fill a large bag, but only one more day to get two bags. By the end of the month, wagons (马车) filled with grains were moving into Sessa’s house. The prime minister was very worried and went to see the king. “Dear king! Sessa has now collected nearly all our wheat! If we continue, our wheat will soon be empty!” he said. “Impossible!” said the king. But after he checked and double-checked, he found that by the 64th square, he should give Sessa a total of 18, 446, 744, 073, 709, 551, 615 grains of wheat! The king had to call in Sessa and take back his words. Sessa replied with a smile, “I won’t ask you for the second half of the chessboard.” With that, the king and Sessa were still best friends and Sessa got what he wanted—a wiser king. 1．What did the king think of the new game Sessa invented? A．Expensive. B．Enjoyable. C．Simple. D．Difficult. 2．How did Sessa ask for the grains of wheat in return? A．He asked for double the amount on each square of the chessboard. B．He asked for the same amount on each square of the chessboard. C．He asked for half the amount on each square of the chessboard. D．He asked for the most amount on each square of the chessboard. 3．How long did it take Sessa to get enough wheat to fill two large bags? A．4 days. B．16 days. C．17 days. D．30 days. 4．Why did the king have to take back his words? A．He thought it was a joke indeed. B．He found he would run out of wheat. C．He wanted to give Sessa a surprise. D．He trusted the prime minister more. 5．What did Sessa mean by saying the underlined words? A．He accepted and asked for more grains of wheat. B．He wanted the king to give him something different. C．He didn’t want to continue playing chess with the king. D．He was happy with what he had and refused to get more. 16.（23-24八年级上·吉林长春·期末） Imagine a large open space with two teams running, throwing, passing and catching a disc (飞盘), the newest popular sport in young people in China. It is called flying disc, the newest popular sport in young people in China. A research shows about 60% of people saying they like to make new friends through the sport. The Chinese Flying Disc Administrative Committee says about 500, 000 people in China played flying disc in 2021, producing over 8,000,000 yuan. How did flying disc get such great popularity in China in a short time? First, it is a team sport. It helps everyone quickly get to know each other. Second, it is played with a flying disc, thrown by hand. It needs little or no body-touching so it helps avoid being angry and fighting. What’s more, this sport allows people to enjoy it without spending a lot of time learning about the rules or skills. The growing popularity has drawn attention of the Chinese government. In 2019, the Asia Oceanic Ultimate and Guts Championships was held in Shanghai. It is the first world match in this sport held in China. In July 2022, the General Administration of Sport decided China’s first flying disc tournament starting in August and the final match to be held in May next year. The sport will certainly have a bigger home market going forward. 根据短文内容，选出最佳选项。 1．How does the writer show the popularity of flying disc? A．By asking questions. B．By using numbers. C．By telling a short story. D．By giving an example. 2．What does the underlined word “avoid” mean? A．stop from B．take down C．think about D．warm up 3．Who might be interested in flying disc? A．Someone who wants to do sports alone. B．Someone who wants to do sports inside. C．Someone who wants to do sports easily. D．Someone who wants to do sports slowly. 4．What is the right order according to the passage?   　   　 a. The Asia Oceanic Ultimate and Guts Championships was held in Shanghai. b. The General Administration of Sport decided China’s first flying disc tournament starting in August. c. The Chinese Flying Disc Administrative Committee says about 500, 000 people in China played flying disc. d. The final match of China’s first flying disc tournament to will be held in May, 2023. A．abcd B．bdac C．cabd D．acbd 5．What will the writer talk about next after the passage? A．The great future of flying disc. B．China’s first flying disc tournament. C．The government’s help for flying disc. D．The growing popularity of flying disc. 17.（23-24八年级上·重庆忠县·期末） ① Every thirty seconds there is an earthquake in the world. Some of these earthquakes are so weak that people can’t feel them. But some of them are very serious and many people get hurt or die in them. ② Do you know what causes earthquakes? ③ The earth’s surface (表面) has many pieces. These pieces are always moving. When two pieces move past each other, there is an earthquake. Scientists are trying to predict (预测) big earthquakes, but it’s very hard. ④ Do you know how to protect yourself during an earthquake? Here are some ways. You should remember them. ⑤ If you are inside ◆Quickly move under a desk or along a wall. It will protect you from falling things. Don’t run out of the door. ◆Keep away from windows. ◆Turn off the power and fire. ◆Don’t get into a lift. If you are in a lift, get out as quickly as possible. ⑥ If you are outside ◆Don’t stay near tall buildings and trees. Things may fall on you. ◆Be careful of fallen power lines. ◆Lie on the ground in clear areas until the shaking stops. 1．Why does an earthquake happens？ A．Because the Earth’s surface is too thin. B．Because there are too many pieces on the Earth’s surface. C．Because two pieces of the Earth’s surface move past each other. D．Because the pieces of the Earth’s surface are moving too fast. 2．Which is the best way when an earthquake happens? A．B．C． D． 3．The structure of the passage may be ________. (①=Paragraph(自然段) 1 ②=Paragraph 2 ③=Paragraph 3 ④=Paragraph 4 ⑤=Paragraph 5 ⑥=Paragraph 6) A．B． C． D． 4．We can know ________ from the passage. A．how we can predict an earthquake will happen B．what we can do before an earthquake C．how we can save people after an earthquake D．what we can do during an earthquake 18.（23-24八年级上·湖南怀化·期末） Coming into the town of Santa Palopó, in the highlands of Lake Atitlán, the first thing you notice is the bright colors. Most of the buildings along the main street are eye-catching, colors of blues and greens; mixed with red and yellow to form beautiful pictures. Santa Palopó was once a sleepy town of 5,000 people, most of them indigenous (土著的) and depended on agricultural work (农业). As agriculture began to slow down here, and many of its families became poor. To deal with the bad situation and improve economic (经济) growth through tourism, a small group of farmers, artists, local workers and stay-at-home moms created the Pintando project. The project was firstly to paint all 850 homes and buildings in bright colors, in order to change the hillside town into a work of art. “We wanted to paint the houses with colors and figures that represent (代表) the community,” says the project’s director Stephen. “A lot of designs were created so that families can choose designs for their house that are representative of the family.” One of the most representative characters of the region is the blue huipil, a traditional dress which has been worn by local women since the 16th century. That deep sky blue was chosen as the primary color for the Pintando project, with other colors found in the sunsets and the nearby lake to make the design more beautiful. As for the designs that would be used, they would also find inspiration (灵感) in local culture, symbols such as hills, flowers, Mayan-styled butterflies and the national bird.   Each week, local farmers, community members and tourists pick up paintbrushes to make buildings colorful. “Now you can see a huge difference in the town,” Melissa White said. “The color of the buildings is believed to improve the life of the people. It improves the people’s mood and encourages them to be proud of where they come from.” 1．What problem did Santa Palopó face? A．Water problem. B．Poor economic conditions. C．A rapid increase in population. D．Poor agricultural technology. 2．What is the project about? A．Building art museum in Guatemala. B．Creating job opportunities for local farmers. C．Developing local tourism by selling artworks. D．Changing the town into a cultural tourist spot. 3．What is the inspiration of the primary color for the project? A．The nearby lake. B．Mayan-styled butterflies. C．A type of traditional clothing. D．The national bird of Guatemala. 4．What is Melissa’s attitude towards the project? A．Positive. B．Uncaring. C．Disappointed. D．Negative. 19.（22-23八年级上·江苏泰州·期末） For the last three years, a man in India has been living a real-life (现实的) daily nightmare (疆梦). Every time he walks out of his house, he gets attacked (攻击) by a group of crows (乌鸦). The strange thing is that the birds only attack him. Shiva Kewat, a factory worker, says his troubles with crows began three years ago because of a misunderstanding. One day, he noticed a baby crow trapped in iron net as he was walking on the street. He did everything he could to help the small bird get away, but it died in his hands. Some of the crows must see the scene (场景) and thought that he killed their bird. And that’s why they keep attacking him after that. “It died in my hands. How much I want to tell them the fact, I was only trying to help it.” Shiva Kewat told the newspaper. “I just wave the stick around to shoo them off. Poor things, they believe I killed their child.” Kewat said that he didn’t really take the crows’ attacks seriously until he found that he was the only one they attacked, no one else had a problem with them. And as word of his troubles with the black birds spread (传播) in and around the village, people started coming to his house every day just to see if he would get attacked. Some find it funny, while others describe it as “sudden and frightening.” 1．How did the crow die in the man’s hands? A．The man just wanted to help it but it died by accident. B．The man was a hunter. C．The bird crashed into the man and died. D．The man killed it. 2．Why did the other crows attack him? A．Because he attacked the crows. B．Because they thought he killed their child. C．Because he didn’t give them food. D．Because the crows wanted to eat him. 3．What is the correct order of this story? ①A large group of crows attacked Shiva Kewat. ②Shiva Kewat used the stick to shoo the crows off. ③Shiva Kewat tried to help a little crow in iron net. ④The crows saw the little crow died in Shiva Kewat’s hands. ⑤People around the village came to Shiva Kewat’s house. A． ①③②④⑤ B．①④②③⑤ C．③④②①⑤ D．③④①②⑤ 4．What does the underlined phrase “shoo them off” in the third paragraph mean? A．drive them away B．kill them C．get them closer D．catch them 5．What is the main idea of this passage? A．Crows attacked an Indian hunter. B．Crows are dangerous to humans. C．Misunderstanding led to attacks. D．It’s important to protect animals. 20.（22-23八年级上·北京西城·期末） Everyone knows and feels proud of national heroes and famous leaders. But there are those everyday young heroes who just make a difference when the need suddenly happens. The yellow school bus is such a known and important part of childhood. Parents would always tell kids to pay more attention of the safety before getting on the bus. The ride is the beginning of a weekday and there are no teachers around. It’s just a time for short sleeps and joking with friends. Studies even show that teenagers aren’t really awake and watchful until around 8: 30, when the school bus arrives at the school gate. So 13-year-old Jeremy Wuitschick had to be a true hero for saving the school bus from an accident when other students were sleepy or just had small talks. It was a common morning in April 2012. Jeremy was sitting in his usual place only a few seats from the front when he saw the driver suddenly slump down(倒下) . The bus kept going along the road, but the driver’s hands had left the wheel and nothing was guiding the school bus. Without thinking, the seventh grader Jeremy Wuitschick jumped into actions, holding the controls and leading to the side of the road. He couldn’t break the bus—he couldn’t reach the pedals(脚踏). But he managed to bring the bus to a stop by pulling the keys out. Other kids on the bus dialed 911. And one of Jeremy’s classmates, Johnny Wood, praised himself to be a hero as well, performing CPR(心肺复苏) on the driver until help arrived. Thanked to Jeremy Wuitschick and his classmates’ timely help, the driver and all the students were safe. The dictionary meaning of a hero is: “a person of great courage or ability, beloved for his or her brave actions and unusual qualities.” It is certain that Jeremy is a young hero by his great courage and quick thinking. 1．How did Jeremy Wuitschick save lives? A．He warned all the students to get out of the bus quickly. B．He pulled the keys out and managed the car to a safer place. C．He asked the driver to stop the car by stepping on the pedals. D．He guided the school bus with the driver’s hands on the wheel. 2．What can you learn from the passage? A．Teachers should be on the school bus. B．The driver fell asleep on that morning. C．Parents like talking on the school bus. D．The kids gave different helps for the driver. 3．Why does the writer write this passage? A．To introduce some ways to meet difficulties. B．To tell the driver the importance of safety C．To show people the problems of school buses. D．To encourage the young to do right actions. 21.（22-23八年级上·广东珠海·期末）Kangaroos (鼠) live in Australia. They don’t walk much. They hop (跳) to find food and do other things. Kangaroos can hop 7 to 8 meters as long as two cars. They can also hop 1.8 meters high. They are the largest hopping animal in the world. They are so good at hopping. How can kangaroos hop so well? First, kangaroos have big feet and strong back legs. These help them jump far. Second, kangaroos have long and strong tails. They help kangaroos jump high. The tails can also help kangaroos keep their balance (平衡). Do you know kangaroos have small front legs? Their front legs usually don’t touch the ground. But when they eat grass on the ground, their front legs touch the ground. Why do kangaroos have amazing hopping ability? There are a few reasons. The first reason is that kangaroos’ enemies are lions and wolves. Kangaroos hop to get away from their enemies. The second reason is that some kangaroos live in dry deserts. It is not easy for them to find fresh grass or water. After it rains, the grass will be fresh for a few hours. So, they hop and hop. In this way they can find and eat fresh grass quickly. Hopping uses less energy than walking. This way of moving saves the most energy. Baby kangaroos can’t hop. So they stay in their mom’s pouch. After about six months, they can hop freely. A new born kangaroo is really small. It is only as long as a finger! 1．Kangaroos can hop as far as ________ and 1.8 meters high. A．1.8 to 2 meters B．1.8 to 3 meters C．3 to 5 meters D．7 to 8 meters 2．Kangaroos hop so well because of their ________. ①big feet        ②strong back legs ③long and strong tails        ④front legs A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①③④ D．①②③④ 3．What does the underlined word “enemies” mean in Chinese? A．威胁 B．天敌 C．伙伴 D．邻居 4．According to Paragraph 3, we know that there are ________ reasons for kangaroos to have amazing hopping ability. A．one B．two C．three D．four 5．What’s the best title for this passage? A．Kangaroos-the best hopping animal B．The ways how kangaroos hop C．The reasons why kangaroos hop D．The living habits of kangaroos 22.（22-23八年级上·河南周口·期末） Have you ever used shared bikes? What do you think of this new “fashion”? Shanghai is one of the first cities in China to have shared bikes. Shared bikes can now be found all over the city. They are popular, in fact, not only among adults but also among teens. On streets wide and narrow, there are some accidents involving shared bikes. These accidents warn us that shared bikes are not for everybody. One of the most serious accidents took place in March. One Sunday afternoon, a boy was cycling on an ofo bike. He was hit by a bus and later died. The boy’s parents are not by his side. Besides, the boy was considered too young to ride a bike. He was only about 10 years old. The good news is that Shanghai has been trying to regulate bike sharing. The regulations are still being discussed, but some of the rules have been decided upon. For example, only people aged between 12 and 70 can ride shared bikes. Users must be between 1.45 and 1.95 meters tall. However, it could be hard to put these regulations into effect. Young children can still be seen riding ofo bikes. That’s because many ofo bikes use manual locks. If a user did not lock the bike properly after using it, anyone can ride it away. Ofo has developed electronic locks. However, it will take some time for the company to install the new locks on all of its bikes. I hope we can do more work to make sure the accident like this never happen again. 根据短文内容,选择最佳答案。 1．What does the underlined word “involving” mean in Chinese? ______ A．影响 B．涉及 C．移动 D．破坏 2．Which of the following statements about the accident mentioned in paragraph 2 is NOT true? ______ A．The accident took place in Shanghai. B．A primary school student died in the accident. C．The boy’s parents were not with him when the accident happened. D．The boy learned to ride a bike just one day before the accident happened. 3．What is ofo going to do in order to prevent such an accident from happening again? ______ A．To stop children under 12 from using its service. B．To ask everybody to park and lock its bikes properly. C．To ask Shanghai’s traffic police for help. D．To replace all of its manual locks with electronic ones. 4．According to Shanghai’s new bike sharing regulations, which one of the following people can ride a shared bike in Shanghai? ______ A．Linda 10 years old 1.4 m tall 46 kg B．Sam 14 years old 1.57 m tall 53 kg C．David 72 years old 1.66 m tall 60 kg D．Betty 13 years old 1.44 m tall 48 kg 5．Why does the author write the passage? ______ A．To introduce us to the popularity of bike sharing services in Shanghai. B．To teach readers how to use a shared bike. C．To ask readers to make efforts so that young children cannot ride shared bikes. D．To show us the development of the bike sharing services in Shanghai. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题05.阅读理解CD篇解题要点及专项训练 一．解题思路 （一）先读问题，弄清考查要点，以便能带着问题看文章，这样会心中有数，有的放矢。 （二）快速浏览全文，掌握全貌，注意发现与问题有关的信息，如果时间紧，至少要扫视一下起首段和尾段。再把标题和文章内容结合起来想一想，这样全文大意便清楚了。此时，不要忙于答题。 （三）细读原文，捕捉相关信息词，掌握短文细节内容。这是解题的关键，应特别注意以下几点： 1. 抓住四个"W"和一个"H"，就是边读边用铅笔做些标记，把What (事件)，When（时间），Where（地点），Why（原因），How（经过）划出来。抓住了四个“W”和一个“H”，就抓住了文章的全貌，一些直接性的问题便可解决。 2.抓住连接词及起关键作用的副词、代词、介词、插入语等。因为这些词具有因果，让步，递进，转折，指代，列举及承上启下等各种连接上下文的特殊功能。这对考生分清文章层次，辨明各种关系，了解人物心理，推断作者意图，进行逻辑推理等手段来分析难点，都具有举足轻重的作用。 3.注意领会文章的寓意。 4.根据题意，初选答案。这一步须仔细审题，领会测试要求，确定解题方法。对那些明显的，有把握的题可以断然确定，不必把其余三个答案再作推敲而浪费时间：有些略难的题，应再查阅短文（不是重读一遍），迅速找出依据，予以排除。 二．常用的解题方法有如下几种： ① 直接解题法。即从原文中直接找出答案。 ② 归纳解题法。对于不能从原文中直接找出答案的可在把握全文中心和线索的前题下进行概括、归纳得出正确答案。 ③ 综合推理法。读者需统观全文，认真分析，综合推理及至计算，最后归纳出正确答案。 题干中有"suggest, conclude, conclusion, probably, reason, because, according to“等字眼时，属于推断概括型，考查内容着眼于全篇，考生应具备一定的分析归纳，推理等逻辑思维能力。 ④ 捕捉关键词。在阅读时应该注意与问题相关的同义词，近义词，反义词或同位词等信息词来得出正确答案。 ⑤ 转换解题法。即原文这么说，而在问题和所给选项中则用另外的词去转换一种说法，但仍表示同一含义。 ⑥ 排除法。根据语言，句法结构，信息词和常识，在没有把握的选项中用排除法得出正确答案。 三．重读原文，仔细斟酌核对答案。 在解完最后一道题后，如果时间允许，再将原文读一遍；用全文的主题思想统率各思考题，研究其内在联系和逻辑关系，目的在于对所做答案进一步审查，推出未解答的题，以便减少失误。 1.（23-24八年级上·广东潮州·期末） Future City is a project-based learning (基于学习的) program. It starts with a question—how can we make the world a better place? To answer it, 6th, 7th and 8th-grade students try to think up good ideas to a citywide problem to build cities of the future. Future City started in the USA．It has a history of about 30 years. Students work as a team to design (设计) a city 100 years later in the future. Each year, Future City has a theme. Teams will think about good solutions according to (根据) it. Future City plays an important role in improving students’ interest in science, technology (科技), engineering, art, and math (STEAM for short). Because during the program, students do the things as engineers do. For example, first, they should make clear of problems, and then come up with new ideas. Next, they work together to solve them. After testing, retesting, and building, finally, they share their results in four to five ways such as making models or giving papers and so on. 1．Who can take part in Future City program? A．Students of Grade 9. B．The 8th-grade students. C．Engineers. D．Scientists. 2．Which statements is right according to the passage? A．Future City program solve village problems. B．Future City program started about 30years ago in the UK. C．Future City program is teamwork. D．Future City improves students' interest in geography. 3．Why can Future City improve students’ interest in STEAM? A．Because engineers take part in the program. B．Because students do the things as engineers do. C．Because students take part in the program with teachers' help. D．Because students enjoy the study very much. 4．In Paragraph 2, what is the meaning of the underlined word “theme”? A．方法 B．形式 C．主题 D．活动 5．Which is the right order (顺序) according to the steps of program? ①share the result ②many times of testing and building ③come up with solutions ④find out the problem ⑤solve problems in groups A．①②③④⑤ B．⑤①④③② C．④③⑤②① D．②①③⑤④ 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．C 5．C 【导语】本文介绍了一个名为“未来之城”的项目学习计划。 1．细节理解题。根据“To answer it, 6th, 7th and 8th-grade students try to think up good ideas to a citywide problem to build cities of the future.”可知，6、7、8年级的学生可以参加。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Students work as a team to design (设计) a city 100 years later in the future.”可知，Future City是团队合作的项目。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“Because during the program, students do the things as engineers do.”可知，学生像工程师一样工作，提高了对STEAM的兴趣。故选B。 4．词义猜测题。根据“Each year, Future City has a theme. Teams will think about good solutions according to (根据) it.”可知，每年，未来之城都有一个主题，而团队将根据它来考虑好的解决方案。所以theme表示“主题”。故选C。 5．细节理解题。根据“first, they should make clear of problems, and then come up with new ideas. Next, they work together to solve them. After testing, retesting, and building, finally, they share their results in four to five ways such as making models or giving papers and so on.”可知，首先，他们应该弄清楚问题，然后提出新的想法。接下来，他们一起努力解决问题。经过测试，再测试，构建，最后，他们以四到五种方式分享他们的结果，如制作模型或发表论文等。所以正确顺序是④③⑤②① 。故选C。 2.（23-24八年级上·河北承德·期末） Weekday mornings are very busy for the U. S. middle school students. When your school doesn’t have a bus, and you live too far away to walk, you need a carpool. A carpool is a group of people sharing the responsibility (责任) of driving to school in the morning. There are usually four or five kids in a carpool and their parents take turns to drive the kids in their cars. Someone’s car smells like wet dogs. Some kids get to eat desserts for breakfast and some parents shout so much that all you try to do is to stay quiet and go unnoticed. When your mum or dad drives the carpool, your classmates get a close-up look at how strange your parents can be. It might be your first sociological (社会学的) study and your first time to work with others. Teamwork is really important in the carpool because nobody wants to make anyone else late. It’s a great lesson in responsibility. Imagine sitting in the car outside of a classmate’s house, watching the clock and counting the seconds. Then you start to understand how your carpool friends might feel when you are still inside the house at 7:48. You really begin to learn all your real life lessons just moments before the start of school—in the carpool. 1．What is a carpool? A．Parents drive kids to school on their way to work. B．Parents take turns to drive their kids to school. C．Kids go to school in their parents’ cars. D．Kids drive their own cars to school. 2．What can students learn from a carpool? A．How to drive a car. B．How to get along with others. C．What to do with homework. D．Real teamwork. 3．Teamwork is really important in the carpool because ________. A．not everyone has a car B．students have to do their homework in the car C．nobody wants to make anyone else late D．students share their breakfast with others 4．Which of the following is TRUE? A．Kids can learn real life lessons in a carpool. B．If kids live far away from school, they are always late for school. C．The U. S. children enjoy carpooling better than taking a school bus. D．Kids often have enough time to study in a carpool. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文讲述了学生们从拼车中学到团队合作。 1．细节理解题。根据文中“A carpool is a group of people sharing the responsibility of driving to school in the morning. There are usually four or five kids in a carpool and their parents take turns to drive the kids in their cars.”可知，拼车指的是家长轮流开车送孩子上学。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据文章内容“It might be your first sociological study and your first time to work with others. Teamwork is really important in the carpool…”可知，学生们在拼车中能学到真实的团队合作精神。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“Teamwork is really important in the carpool because nobody wants to make anyone else late.”可知，团队合作在拼车中很重要，因为没有人想让其他人迟到。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“You really begin to learn all your real life lessons just moments before the start of school—in the carpool.”可知，孩子们在拼车中能学到真正的生活课程。故选A。 3.（23-24八年级上·陕西商洛·期末） Last Saturday, I went to a coffee shop to meet a friend. I got there earlier. So I ordered a cup of coffee and sat by the window watching people. Some boys were playing football on the street. When the ball crossed the road, a little boy ran after it. Suddenly, there came a car. It was going very fast. When the driver saw the boy in his way, it was too late…The small boy was lying on the street without moving. To everyone’s surprise, the car didn’t stop. It drove away quickly. People ran to the boy. The coffee shop owner telephoned the police. Soon someone sent the boy to the hospital. At 6: 30 p.m., the police arrived and started questioning people. About half an hour later, they asked me to go to the police station because I saw everything. I gave them all the information I knew, because I really wanted them to catch the driver. I didn’t leave the police station until 8: 00 p.m. The next day, the boy’s parents called me to say thanks. They also told me their child was out of danger and the driver was at the police station now. 1．Why did the writer go to the coffee shop? A．To relax himself. B．To meet his friend. C．To help the boy. D．To work. 2．What happened to the boy while he was running after the football? A．He was taken away by someone. B．He fell heavily on the road. C．He was hit by a car suddenly. D．He knocked into a man. 3．How long did the writer stay in the police station? A．About half an hour. B．About an hour. C．About an hour and a half. D．About two hours. 4．How might the writer feel at the end of the story? A．Worried. B．Sorry. C．Happy. D．Sad. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了作者在咖啡店等朋友时，看到了一场事故，店主报警，作者也把自己看到的告诉了警察，协助警察抓住了肇事者。 1．细节理解题。根据“Last Saturday, I went to a coffee shop to meet a friend”可知作者去咖啡店见朋友。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“It was going very fast. When the driver saw the boy in his way, it was too late…The small boy was lying on the street without moving.”可知他被一辆汽车撞倒了。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据“At 6: 30 p.m., the police arrived and started questioning people. About half an hour later, they asked me to go to the police station”以及“I didn’t leave the police station until 8: 00 p.m.”可知，作者7点到了警察局，8点离开了警察局，因此作者在警察局待了大约1小时。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据“The next day, the boy’s parents called me to say thanks. They also told me their child was out of danger and the driver was at the police station now.”可知这个男孩的父母来感谢父母，而且男孩脱离了危险，司机也被抓到了，所以作者感到很开心。故选C。 4.（23-24八年级上·安徽·期末） Lu Xun is one of the greatest Chinese writers of the 20th century. He not only wrote stories, but also wrote articles about living conditions of Chinese people. Lu Xun was born in 1881. In 1898, his grandfather was put into prison (监狱) for taking money. His father became seriously ill. From that time on, his family were no longer accepted by their relatives and friends. These early experiences greatly influenced his writing. In 1902, he went to study in Japan. He showed a talent for writing and translating. He even wrote several books. He returned to China in 1909 because he was in need of money. After working for several years as a teacher in Beijing, Lu Xun again returned to writing. In 1918, he wrote his famous short story Diary of a Madman. It was the first Chinese novel published (出版) using the everyday language that people spoke, which helped make it a great success. This, together with his novel The True Story of Ah Q (1921), made Lu Xun a leading Chinese writer. Lu Xun still worried greatly about China’s future. In 1926, he moved to Shanghai and gave up writing stories. He then only wrote articles which called on people to fight against the government. For this, the government stopped him from publishing any more books. He died in 1936. Lu Xun’s importance and influence have grown. Today, some of his works are included in school textbooks and his works are read by millions of people around the world. 1．Which one greatly influenced Lu Xun’s writing according to the passage? A．The people he met in Japan. B．The experiences in his early life. C．Working as a teacher in Beijing. D．The life in Shanghai. 2．Why was Lu Xun’s story Diary of a Madman so popular? A．Because it was based on Lu Xun’s diary. B．Because it was the first novel using everyday language. C．Because its story took place in modern times. D．Because it was a true and interesting story. 3．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．Diary of a Madman. B．The True Story of Ah Q. C．His success in writing. D．His talent in translating. 4．What’s the best title for the text? A．The life experience of Lu Xun. B．The books written by Lu Xun. C．The achievement of Lu Xun. D．The comment on Lu Xun. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．A 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章主要介绍了20世纪中国最伟大的作家之一鲁迅的生平和作品。 1．细节理解题。根据“These early experiences greatly influenced his writing.”可知，鲁迅早期的经历极大地影响了他的写作。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“It was the first Chinese novel published (出版) using the everyday language that people spoke, which helped make it a great success.”可知，鲁迅的《狂人日记》能获得巨大的成功，也就是变得受欢迎，是因为这是第一部使用白话文出版的中国小说。故选B。 3．词义猜测题。根据“In 1918, he wrote his famous short story Diary of a Madman. It was the first Chinese novel published (出版) using the everyday language that people spoke, which helped make it a great success.”可知，这里的it指代的是《狂人日记》。故选A。 4．最佳标题题。文章的主要内容集中在鲁迅的生平经历和这些经历如何影响了他的写作。文章详细描述了他的家庭背景、早年的困难、在日本的学习经历、回国后的教书生涯以及他的文学创作。这些内容都围绕着鲁迅的生活经历展开，因此选项A“鲁迅的生活经历”是最能概括文章主题的标题。故选A。 5.（23-24八年级上·福建三明·期末） On Tuesday, a sudden heavy rain caused floods (洪水) in Zhengzhou. More than 160 trains stopped services at Zhengzhoudong Railway Station. A lot of people couldn’t leave the subway. The floods have killed many people and many people are missing. Floods usually come quickly. You can prepare something at home. Some food,  bottled water and medicine are necessary. Pack some warm clothes for each person. Put them in a bag that you can easily find. When floods come, don’t worry. You may have only a short time to run away. You must keep away from water as quickly as you can and stay on high ground to wait (等) for others to save you. Whether you are on foot or have to leave your car, you should choose high ground. It’s the best way. Try not to call with your mobile phone, but text (发短信) for help to save electricity (电). If you are in danger, text people where you are and your own information. Remember to leave everything behind. Don’t stop to move valuables (贵重物品). You should always put your safety first. Crying for help makes it easier for people to find you. Wave (挥) an arm if you can. Keep trying until someone comes for you. 1．The floods in Zhengzhou _______. A．started on Friday B．were very serious C．killed many children D．made 60 trains stop services 2．What does the writer advise us to prepare before floods? A． B． C． D． 3．What should we do when floods come? A．Stay on high ground. B．Swim in the water. C．Give many calls to friends. D．Drive our car to leave. 4．In Paragraph 4, the writer advises us to _______. A．stop crying loudly B．help to find other people C．do our best to live D．take good care of valuables 5．What would be the best title for the passage? A．How to Stay Away from Water B．How to Text for Help C．How to Help People in Danger D．How to Stay Safe in Floods 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．C 5．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了怎样中洪水中保持安全。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段“The floods have killed many people and many people are missing.”可知，深圳的洪水很严重，故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“Some food, bottled water and medicine are necessary. Pack some warm clothes for each person.”可知，洪水到来前，需要准备食物、瓶装水、药品和衣服，故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“Whether you are on foot or have to leave your car, you should choose high ground.”可知，洪水到来时，我们应该待在高地上，故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据第四段“You should always put your safety first. Crying for help makes it easier for people to find you.”可知，作者建议我们要尽力活下来，故选C。 5．标题判断题。本文主要介绍了怎样中洪水中保持安全，故选D。 6.（22-23八年级上·河南新乡·期末） Wall-E is an interesting film. The story starts on the earth (地球) about 800 years in the future. There are no humans (人类) on the earth. They all left in spaceships in the 22nd century when terrible pollution made it impossible to stay. They left behind lots of robots to clean the earth. However, the pollution was so bad that they couldn’t come back. 700 years later, all the robots stop working but one called Wall-E. He spends most of his time picking up rubbish. Then one day, another robot named Eve arrives. Humans in a spaceship sent her to see if there’s any sign (迹象) of life on the earth. Wall-E falls in love with Eve. When a spaceship comes to pick up Eve, Wall-E decides to follow her into space. Wall-E and Eve go to a large spaceship. There are many humans and robots. These humans are quite different. They spend their time in chairs, and become so fat that they cannot even stand without the help of the robots. With the help of Wall-E and Eve, the captain (船长) finally brings all the humans back to the earth successfully. The film shows what might happen to the earth if we don’t take care of it. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．Why do the humans leave the earth? A．Because they wanted to travel in space. B．Because there wasn’t enough food. C．Because there was terrible pollution. D．Because the robots don’t let them live on the earth. 2．What is Wall-E’s job? A．Cleaning the earth. B．Finding other robots. C．Finding a new home. D．Driving the spaceship. 3．What does the underlined words “take care of” mean in Chinese? A．利用 B．照顾 C．抛弃 D．忽略 4．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．A film named Wall-E. B．Pollution on the earth. C．Robots in the future. D．Humans’ life in the future. 5．What is the structure (结构) of the passage?(P=Paragraph) A．B． C． D． 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了《机器人总动员》这部电影。 1．细节理解题。根据“They all left in spaceships in the 22nd century when terrible pollution made it impossible to stay.”可知，人类离开地球的原因是地球上污染严重。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“700 years later, all the robots stop working but one called Wall-E. He spends most of his time picking up rubbish.”可知，他的工作是清理地球上的垃圾。故选A。 3．词义猜测题。根据“The film shows what might happen to the earth if we don’t take care of it.”及“There are no humans (人类) on the earth. They all left in spaceships in the 22nd century when terrible pollution made it impossible to stay.”可知，划线短语“take care of”的汉语意思是“照顾”。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。根据“Wall-E is an interesting film. The story starts on the earth (地球) about 800 years in the future.”及全文可知，这篇文章主要讲这部电影。故选A。 5．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段介绍了《机器人总动员》这部电影；第二段进一步交代电影背景；第三段和第四段介绍了电影中的两个机器人；第五段介绍了这部电影的主题。C选项符合，故选C。 7.（23-24八年级上·江苏泰州·期末） You might not know the name Beverly Cleary, but perhaps you have read one of her books—Ramona the Pest, Dear Mr. Henshaw, among many other titles. Cleary is one of the world’s most popular children’s writers. By showing that stories about ordinary (普通的) kids could be interesting, too, she changed the world of children’s books. As a child, Cleary had trouble learning to read. Even after she had learned to love reading, she still found many books boring. The girl felt like the people she was reading about had little to do with her or her life. She wanted to read funny books about children like herself. When she grew up, Cleary became a librarian (图书管理员). One day, some boys asked her, “Where are the books about kids like us?” Cleary realized there weren’t many books about ordinary kids, so she began to write some. Her first book, Henry Huggins, tells the story of a boy and his dog. Huggins is just an ordinary third-grader, but the book soon became a hit. Cleary went on to write more books about Huggins and the other children in his neighborhood. From this neighborhood, “Ramona the Pest” became Cleary’s best-known character. She is always getting into trouble. Whenever Ramona gets into trouble, it’s often funny, but it’s also something most kids can understand. Cleary knew what it really felt like to be a kid. Unlike many other children’s writers, Cleary liked to focus on (聚焦) real-life problems. In several of her books, the parents have money problems or are unhappy with their jobs. Cleary dealt with these situations with a gentle sense of humor and a deep understanding. Cleary wrote over 40 books in all. More than 91 million copies of her books have been sold. The great writer died at the age of 104 on March 25, 2021. Although she is no longer with us, her characters and stories will continue to be loved by many for years to come. 1．How did Beverly Cleary change the world of children’s books? A．By using humor in her stories. B．By writing stories about ordinary kids. C．By writing books for third-graders. D．By including real-life problems in her books. 2．Cleary decided to write for children after ________. A．she started working as a librarian B．she found she had trouble learning to read C．some boys asked her for books about ordinary kids D．she wanted to read books about children like herself 3．The underlined part “a hit” in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to “________”. A．a popular thing B．a terrible mistake C．a form D．a secret 4．We can learn from the article that “Ramona the Pest” ________. ① is as old as Henry Huggins ② has trouble learning to read ③ is a girl who always gets into trouble ④ lives in the same neighborhood as Henry Huggins A．①② B．②③ C．③④ D．①④ 5．Cleary was different from many other children’s writers because  ________. A．many of the stories in her books are true B．many of her books are about real-life problems C．she wrote about kids who often get into trouble D．many of the characters in her books are humorous 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文讲述了Beverly Cleary如何从自己童年时对阅读的挑战和对无聊书籍的不满出发，最终成为一名图书管理员，并意识到缺乏关于普通孩子的书籍。因此，她开始自己写作，创作出深受孩子们喜爱的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据文中的句子“By showing that stories about ordinary (普通的) kids could be interesting, too, she changed the world of children’s books.”可知，通过展示普通孩子的故事，Beverly Cleary改变了儿童书籍的世界。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据文中的句子“One day, some boys asked her, “Where are the books about kids like us?” Cleary realized there weren’t many books about ordinary kids, so she began to write some.”可知，一些男孩向她要关于“普通孩子的书”之后，Beverly Cleary着手为孩子写作。故选C。 3．词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句中的“but”以及后文的句子“Cleary went on to write more books about Huggins and the other children in his neighborhood.”可知，Beverly Cleary的书很受欢迎。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“She is always getting into trouble.”可知，她是一个总是惹麻烦的女孩；根据“From this neighborhood”可知，她与Henry Huggins住在同一个街区。故选C。 5．细节理解题。根据文中的句子“Unlike many other children’s writers, Cleary liked to focus on real-life problems.”可知，Beverly Cleary喜欢关注现实生活中的问题，这一点和其他的儿童作家不同。故选B。 8.（23-24八年级上·广西崇左·期末） When Zhu Yun bought her dogs five years ago, she spent nearly half of her money raising dogs each month. Every month, she spends nearly 7,000 yuan on pet food and snacks, pet clothing and taking her seven-year-old poodle (鬟毛狗) and five-year-old Yorkshire terrier (约克郡犬) on holidays. “I take them to go on a trip twice a month, and during each Spring Festival, I take them to Shanghai,” said Zhu. She also pays some photographers to take photos of her pets. This costs her 3,000 yuan each time. People like Zhu are making the pet market grow. Pet shops now sell things like food and water bowls. They also sell lifestyle things such as pet wine, pet milk tea and pet clothes. There are even some smart robots for dogs and cats. That’s because people’s ideas about pets change. Most people from the post-90s generation (90后) are from one-child families, so people feel lonely sometimes. For this reason, their pets are like their family members. This is why people like to spend more money on their pets today. Hu Min had a dog when she studied in Australia. She said, “Years ago, my parents kept dogs to watch and protect their homes. But today, dogs don’t play such a role (角色). They are like our family. Some even sleep in the same bed with their owners. I want to buy different kinds of things for my dog. I think my pet Taffee’s life should be as colorful as mine.” 根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项。 1．How often does Zhu Yun go on trips with her dogs? A．Twice a month. B．Twice a year. C．Once a month. 2．What does the underlined word “photographers” mean in the first paragraph? A．美发师 B．摄影师 C．营养师 3．Why do people like to spend more money on their pets today? A．Because they have too much money. B．Because their pets feel lonely sometimes. C．Because their pets are like their family members. 4．What can we know from the passage? A．Zhu Yun can make 7,000 yuan every month. B．Pet owners can’t buy pet wine at pet shops now. C．Hu Min’s parents kept dogs to watch and protect their homes. 5．What is the best title for this passage? A．Stories of Zhu Yun B．Our family members—Pets C．Change in pet shops 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了狗的角色转变，它们不再只是宠物，更是我们的朋友和家人。 1．细节理解题。根据“I take them to go on a trip twice a month,”可知，朱云每个月带她的宠物去旅行两次。故选A。 2．词义猜测题。根据“She also pays some photographers to take photos of her pets.”可知，为她的宠物拍照的人是摄影师，划线单词photographers意为“摄影师”。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“For this reason, their pets are like their family members. This is why people like to spend more money on their pets today.”可知，宠物就像他们的家人一样，这就是现在人们喜欢在宠物身上花更多钱的原因。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据胡敏说的话“Years ago, my parents kept dogs to watch and protect their homes.”可知，多年前，胡敏的父母养狗来看守和保护他们的家。故选C。 5．最佳标题题。根据“their pets are like their family members”和“But today, dogs don’t play such a role (角色). They are like our family.”，以及通读全文后可知，本文主要讲述了狗的角色转变，它们不再只是宠物，更是我们的朋友和家人。故文章应以选项B“我们的家庭成员——宠物”为标题最合适。故选B。 9.（23-24八年级上·四川绵阳·期末） Think your winter is cold? Temperatures in Yakutsk (雅库茨克) fell to -62.7℃ in January this year—the coldest in more than twenty years, scientists say. Yakutsk is the capital of Russia’s Sakha Republic. It is just 300 miles south of the Arctic Circle (北极圈). It is widely thought of as the coldest city in the world. People there know the key to keeping warm: Just dress warmly, like a cabbage. In the winter, the city is covered with “ice fog”. That happens when air is so cold that warmer air from houses, people and cars can’t go up. Pyotr Beketov built Yakutsk in 1632. Today, it is the scientific, cultural and economic center for the Russian Far East Federal Region. The city has a population of more than 330,000. They mainly live on dairy products (奶制品), meat and fish. Although there are rich natural resources (资源), many people live a poor life. Some even live in places worse than their farm animals’ living places. The city also has some special museums. Permafrost Kingdom is one of the most popular, It is an underground museum with beautiful ice sculpture (冰雕). Its summers are cool, but visiting Yakutsk in winter is not a good idea. It you want to experience this kind of life in Yakutsk, please come and see. 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By telling a story. B．By asking a question. C．By listing reasons. D．By giving examples. 2．What can we learn about Yakutsk from Para.2? ① Where it is.    ② When “ice fog” happens. ③ How people keep warm in the winter.    ④ What people usually do in the winter. A．①②③ B．①②④ C．②③④ D． ①③④ 3．Which of the following is TRUE? A．Yakutsk has a history of over 500 years. B．The best time to visit Yakutsk is in winter. C．People in Yakutsk mainly eat vegetables in their daily life: D．Yakutsk has a popular underground museum with ice sculptures. 4．According to the passage, what is the life like in Yakutsk? A．Very boring. B．Really busy. C．Not easy. D．Full of hunger. 5．Where can we probably find the passage? A．In a science report. B．In a travel guide. C．In a personal diary. D．In a business newspaper. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了雅库茨克这座城市。 1．篇章结构题。根据“Think your winter is cold?”可知，文章首段用一个问题引出了下文。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Yakutsk is the capital of Russia’s Sakha Republic. It is just 300 miles south of the Arctic Circle.”、“People there know the key to keeping warm: Just dress warmly, like a cabbage.”和“In the winter, the city is covered with ‘ice fog’. That happens when air is so cold that warmer air from houses, people and cars can’t go up.”可知，文章第二段介绍了雅库茨克的地理位置、当地人的保暖方式以及冰雾发生的时间。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“ The city also has some special museums. Permafrost Kingdom is one of the most popular. It is an underground museum with beautiful ice sculpture.”可知，该城市有一座著名的冰雕博物馆。故选D。 4．观点态度题。根据“Although there are rich natural resources, many people live a poor life. Some even live in places worse than their farm animals’ living places.”可知，虽然雅库茨克有丰富的自然资源，但许多人过着贫穷的生活。有些人甚至生活在比他们的农场动物生活的地方更糟糕的地方，因此雅库茨克的生活不是很容易。故选C。 5．推理判断题。根据“Yakutsk is the capital of Russia’s Sakha Republic.”可知，本文主要介绍了雅库茨克这座城市，因此可以在一本旅游指南上看到。故选B。 10.（23-24八年级上·安徽马鞍山·期末） I’m Mary. I’m a movie lover and I want my kids to like movies, too. The first time I took my daughter, Lily, to the movie theater, she was six years old and the movie was Bambi. I chose it because I thought a cartoon movie would be good to her. Everything was going just fine and Bambi was so lovely. However, when a man killed Bambi’s mother, my daughter became very sad and asked to go home. So we left in the middle of the movie. Later I chose movies more carefully and my daughter watched many great ones. Luckily, she likes movies as much as I do now. My worry is: Are cartoons really safe for kids? Once I sat on the sofa to watch a carton with my 8-year-old son, Bill. I got dumbfounded when I saw a cartoon character was bleeding in front of us. The cartoon was like an action movie for adults! The next time you take a kid to the movie theater, be careful! Maybe a cartoon isn’t the best. You should take the time to watch it first (It’s a habit with me). Or the kid may get messages he or she isn’t ready to get yet. 1．Lily wanted to leave in the middle of Bambi because ________. A．it was a boring movie B．she felt quite tired C．the movie made her feel sad D．she found Bambi was not lovely 2．What does the underlined word “dumbfounded” in the text mean in Chinese? A．平静的 B．惊呆的 C．激动的 D．惭愧的 3．Before Mary takes her kids to the movie theater, she will ________. A．watch the movie first B．ask about her kids’ favorite C．make sure the movie theater is safe D．tell her kids what they will watch 4．What does Mary want to tell the readers? A．Most cartoons are not safe for kids. B．Young kids shouldn’t go to the movie theater. C．Parents should watch cartoons with their kids. D．Parents should choose movies carefully for their kids. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文以作者带孩子看卡通电影的例子告诉我们：在为孩子选择电影时要谨慎。 1．细节理解题。根据“However, when a man killed Bambi’s mother, my daughter became very sad and asked to go home.”可知电影让她感到很伤心，所以她想回家。故选C。 2．词义猜测题。根据“I got dumbfounded when I saw a cartoon character was bleeding in front of us. The cartoon was like an action movie for adults!”可知，作者看到一个卡通人物在我们面前流血，觉得这动画像是成年人该看的而不应该是小孩子，所以才会惊呆了。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“You should take the time to watch it first (It’s a habit with me)”可知，下次带孩子去电影院的时候，一定要小心，应该先花时间看一下。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据“The next time you take a kid to the movie theater, be careful”可知，父母应该为孩子谨慎选择电影。故选D。 11.（23-24八年级上·广东深圳·期末） Imagine taking a flying taxi in the rush hour, getting where you want to go much faster than you could in a car. Air taxis are taking a big step forward. In June, a company called Joby Aviation was allowed to test their new air taxi. Joby has been making and testing flying taxis since 2017. Compared with helicopters (直升机), Joby says, their taxis are both quieter and cheaper. The air taxi will be flown by a pilot, and can carry four other passengers. It can fly as fast as 320 kilometers per hour and can go around 160 kilometers before it needs to be recharged (充电). By 2025, Joby hopes to start carrying passengers for money. The company expects to charge (收费) about $3 a mile at first. But over time, they hope to bring the price down to less than $1 per mile. Joby also expects their air taxis to provide a ride-sharing service in the air. Just like you might use an app to order a car to pick you up, you could use an app to order an air taxi. But there’s still a lot to do before air taxis become common. For one thing, governments need to make rules about where, when, and how these taxis can fly. And as exciting as the idea of flying taxis is, some people have concerns about them. The taxis may be quieter than helicopters, but they’ll still be adding noise and traffic to the skies. Some people think that only rich people will be able to afford (支付得起) to use them in the future. 1．Which of the following is TRUE about Joby’s air taxi? A．It doesn’t need a pilot. B．Five customers can take it together. C．It is cheap and doesn’t have much noise. D．It flies up to 320 miles per hour without being recharged. 2．What is Joby’s future plan? A．To build the world’s first flying taxi. B．To increase the price of their air taxis. C．To test their flying taxis all over the world. D．To offer a ride-sharing service in the sky. 3．What does the underlined word “concerns” in the last paragraph refer to? A．Worries. B．Chances. C．Experiences. D．Suggestions. 4．Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage? A．When Joby started making flying taxis. B．How far Joby’s air taxis are able to fly. C．What Joby will charge for their flying taxis. D．How long it takes to recharge Joby’s air taxis. 5．What is the main idea of the passage? A．How do flying taxis work? B．Flying taxis are starting to take off. C．How will flying taxis change our life? D．Flying taxis will be common in the future. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．D 5．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了空中出租车的研发和未来发展计划。 1．细节理解题。根据“Compared with helicopters (直升机), Joby says, their taxis are both quieter and cheaper.”与直升机相比，Joby的空中出租车更安静且更便宜。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“Joby also expects their air taxis to provide a ride-sharing service in the air”可知，Joby还希望他们的空中出租车能够提供空中拼车服务，即提供空中拼车乘车服务是其未来计划之一。故选D。 3．词句猜测题。根据“And as exciting as the idea of flying taxis is, some people have concerns about them. The taxis may be quieter than helicopters, but they’ll still be adding noise and traffic to the skies. Some people think that only rich people will be able to afford (支付得起) to use them in the future.”可知，出租车可能比直升机安静，但它们仍然会给天空增加噪音和交通流量。有些人认为，将来只有富人才能买得起它们。这些都是人们的担忧。故划线单词表示“担忧”，与worries意思相近。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“Joby has been making and testing flying taxis since 2017.”可知，此处说明了Joby开始制造空中出租车的时间；根据“It can fly as fast as 320 kilometers per hour and can go around 160 kilometers before it needs to be recharged (充电).”可知，此处给出了其飞行距离情况；根据“The company expects to charge (收费) about $3 a mile at first. But over time, they hope to bring the price down to less than $1 per mile”可知，此处说明了收费情况。故选项D“给Joby的空中出租车充一次电需要多长时间。”并没有提及。故选D。 5．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了空中出租车的研发和未来发展计划，即空中出租车即将成为现实，故选项B“飞行出租车即将开始起飞”符合语境。故选B。 12.（23-24八年级上·浙江嘉兴·期末） According to the United Nations, later this year, India’s population will surpass China’s. With 1, 428 billion people, it will be the most populous country in the world. What is driving India’s population growth? Well, one of the biggest reasons is its young people. Nearly half of the country’s population is under the age of 25. Because of this, scientists believe that India’s population will reach the top in 2065. They say that India has a lot to learn from China. Giving better education is actually one of the best ways to control population. Becoming the world’s most populous country means an important turning point in India’s development. Have you ever heard the term “demographic dividend (人口红利)”? It means that the more working people a country has, the more likely its economy (经济) is to grow. In 2021, the working-age population of India stood at 900 million. That was a surprising number. However, the U. S. working-age population is only 207 million. Nearly 40 years ago, many young, clever Indians started moving to the West. They were looking for better chances for their skills. At that time, many scientists were worried about this. Many of them have become CEOs of top companies in the world. They can help develop their home country. ▲ There are, for example, not as many new non-farming jobs as people expected. Millions of young Indians feel hopeless about the future of their jobs. They choose to continue their studies rather than look for jobs. India’s unemployment rate (失业率) climbed to 8. 11% this past April. India still has a long way to go before it starts to take full advantage of its population size. 1．What can we learn from the situation of Indian population? A．India has stepped into an aging society recently. B．India became the most populous country last year. C．It’s not necessary for India to control its population. D．The population of India will reach the top in 42 years. 2．Which of the following can be the best to fill in “ ▲ ” in Paragraph 4? A．India takes full advantage of its population size now. B．With those chances for growth also bring disadvantages. C．Young people in India should choose to continue their studies. D．The problem of India’s unemployment rate will be solved soon. 3．Which could be the best title for the passage? A．Problems of populous countries. B．Advantages of population growth. C．Will this be the “Indian Century”? D．What makes India’s population growth? 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了印度的人口增长，及其带来的好处与坏处。 1．细节理解题。根据“Nearly half of the country’s population is under the age of 25.”可知，该国近一半的人口年龄在25岁以下，因此选项A“印度最近步入了老龄化社会”表述错误；根据“According to the United Nations, later this year, India’s population will surpass China’s. With 1, 428 billion people, it will be the most populous country in the world.”可知，这一句提到了今年晚些时候，印度的人口将超过中国，将成为世界上人口最多的国家。选项B“印度去年成为人口最多的国家”描述错误；根据“Giving better education is actually one of the best ways to control population.”可知，提供更好的教育实际上是控制人口的最佳方法之一，因此选项C“印度没有必要控制人口”表述错误。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据“Many of them have become CEOs of top companies in the world. They can help develop their home country.”可知，设空处应该提到成长带来的好处同时也带来一些不利影响。故选B。 3．标题归纳题。通读全文，文章主要讲述了印度的人口增长以及导致人口增长的因素，及其带来的好处与坏处。所以最佳标题是选项D“印度人口增长的原因是什么？”。故选D。 13.（22-23八年级上·上海·期末） Cruises are becoming more and more popular, with around 20 million passengers per year now enjoying holidays on board luxury (奢侈的) ships. More people see a cruise as the perfect way to sit back and do nothing, and enjoy time off work. But what is the effect (影响) on the environment of this trend? Although it usually takes less energy for a vehicle to move through water than over land, cruise ships are often very big, with the biggest ones carrying up to 6, 000 passengers. Moving such large vehicles requires huge engines which burn as much as 300, 000 litres of fuel a day. One scientist has calculated that cruise ships produce as much pollution as 5 million cars going over the same distance. Because they are out at sea, they also burn dirtier fuel that isn’t allowed on land. Unfortunately, no government has control over the amount of air pollution out at sea. Cruises also produce huge amounts of rubbish, and cruise ships aren’t usually good at recycling. Waste water from showers and toilets is usually poured directly into the sea—as much per day as from a small town. Waste food from restaurants isn’t put into the sea, but still causes problems when brought back to the land. Cruise ships also cause difficulties in the cities where they stop. Popular destinations can get five or six ships per day, with thousands of tourists at a time. Good for restaurants? No. Restaurant owners complain that the visitors look around for a few hours and then return to their ship to eat. What’s more, the crowds can put off other tourists, who complain that the streets are too busy. Some towns have banned cruise ships or put a limit on the number that can stop at the same time. People who care about the environment worry that as the cruise industry continues to grow, so will the issues for our planet. 1．The underlined word “trend” in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to _______. A．change B．event C．decision D．problem 2．The biggest cruise can hold about _______ passengers. A．20, 000, 000 B．300, 000 C．6, 000 D．5, 000, 000 3．Cruise ships cause a lot of air pollution because _______. A．they carry large numbers of cars and passengers as well B．they use types of fuel that are not allowed on land C．it takes more energy to move through water than over land D．their engines are not as powerful as those of other vehicles 4．How is waste water dealt with on cruise ships? A．It’s thrown away at sea. B．It’s properly recycled. C．It’s brought into a town. D．It’s stored in the ships. 5．Why are cruise ship passengers not popular in some cities? A．They don’t spend money on meals in the restaurants. B．They fill up the restaurants and make noise. C．They complain when the city is too crowded. D．They are sometimes rude to other tourists. 6．The purpose of the passage is to _______. A．introduce a new way of travelling B．explain some problems cruise ships cause C．advise governments to ban cruise ships D．encourage people to try cruise ships 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．A 6．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了游轮旅行产生的环境污染。 1．词义猜测题。根据“Cruises are becoming more and more popular, with around 20 million passengers per year now enjoying holidays on board luxury (奢侈的) ships.”可知，现在越来越多人享受游轮旅行，已经成为一种趋势，此处trend表示“趋势”，意思和change类似，表示人们生活习惯的一种改变。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“…with the biggest ones carrying up to 6, 000 passengers.”可知，最大的游轮可容纳约6000名乘客。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“…cruise ships produce as much pollution as 5 million cars going over the same distance. Because they are out at sea, they also burn dirtier fuel that isn’t allowed on land.”可知，游轮造成了大量的空气污染，因为它们使用的燃料是陆地上不允许使用的。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“Waste water from showers and toilets is usually poured directly into the sea…”可知，游轮上的废水被倒进海里。故选A。 5．细节理解题。根据“Restaurant owners complain that the visitors look around for a few hours and then return to their ship to eat.”可知，一些乘客并不在当地餐馆吃饭。故选A。 6．主旨大意题。根据“But what is the effect on the environment of this trend?”和全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了游轮所产生的环境污染。故选B。 14.（23-24八年级上·广东广州·期末） Ivan was a poor farmer. He and his daughter, a very clever girl, lived in a small house. Ivan had a horse. As he didn’t have a place to keep it, he had to keep the mother horse in the neighbor’s garden. One day, the neighbour found a newly born baby horse under the tree. Surely, Ivan’s horse was the mother of the baby horse. Later, the neighbour told Ivan about the baby horse. He told Ivan that the tree was the mother of the baby horse because it was born under the tree. The baby horse belonged to him. Ivan was angry and wanted the horse back. So Ivan and his neighbour went to the king. The king listened to words on both sides patiently and said, “The truth is hard to tell. I’ve decided to set you two questions. Come back in four days and give me your answers. The person who answers the questions honestly shall win.” The questions were as follows: What’s the richest and fattest thing in the world? And what’s the sweetest thing? The neighbour went to her grandmother for help. His grandma said, “The richest and fattest thing is our pig. And the sweetest thing in the world is our little grandson.” Ivan went back to his house, looking upset. His little girl asked what happened, and he told her all about the king’s questions. She said, “The richest and fattest thing in the world is the earth. It gives us all our food. And the sweetest thing in the world is love.” Four days later, Ivan, with his daughter, came to the king. And so did the neighbor. The king listened to their answers, and turned to the neighbour. “Who helped you with your answers?” “Nobody, Sir,” said the neighbor. “I found out the answers all by myself.” The king did not believe him, and turned to Ivan. “And who helped you with your homework?” “I asked my daughter. She is really a smart girl, Sir.” “I see you are very clever, little girl,” the king said to Ivan’s daughter. “You and your father seem very poor. How do you live?” “Well, Sir,” said the girl. “Papa catches the fish living in trees.” “What?” asked the king. “That’s impossible because fishes don’t live in trees.” “Yes, Sir,” replied the wise girl. “And a tree can’t be the mother of a baby horse.” 1．Which word best describes (描述) the neighbour in the story? ________ A．Wise. B．Poor. C．Patient. D．Dishonest. 2．Why did the king leave questions to Ivan and the neighbour? A．He wanted to know about the fattest thing in the world. B．He wanted to learn about the sweetest thing in the world. C．He wanted to show who was the honest one between them. D．He wanted to see who was the wisest person in the country. 3．What’s the correct order of the following events? a. The king gave two questions. b. Ivan went to the king with his daughter. c. The neighbour wanted to keep the baby horse. d. The girl told Ivan the answers to the two questions. e. Ivan kept the mother horse in the neighbor’s garden. A．e, c, a, d, b B．d, e, a, b, c C．e, c, b, a, d D．d, e, b, a, c 4．The girl said the underlined words in the last paragraph to ________. A．tell how she and her father lived B．teach the king knowledge about a tree C．tell the horse couldn’t be the neighbor’s D．show she’s the smartest person in the world 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文是一则寓言故事。本文主要讲述了农民伊凡聪明的女儿机智地回答了国王的问题的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据第九段“The neighbor went to her grandmother for help.”和第十五段 “‘Who helped you with your answers?’”以及第十六段“‘Nobody Sir,’ said the neighbor. ‘I found out the answers all by myself.’”可知，邻居是不诚实的。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据第六段“I’ve decided to set you two questions. Come back in four days and give me your answers. The person who answers the questions honestly shall win.”可知，国王这样做的目的是他想弄清农民和邻居之间谁是诚实的。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据第一段“As he didn’t have a place to keep it, he had to keep the mother horse in the neighbor’s garden.”可知，e项“伊凡把母马养在邻居的花园里。”排第一；根据第三段“Later, the neighbor told Ivan about the baby horse. He told Ivan that the tree was the mother of the baby horse because it was born under the tree. The baby horse belonged to him.”可知，c项“邻居想把这匹小马驹占为己有。”排第二；根据第六段“I’ve decided to set you two questions.”可知，a项“国王给了两个问题。”排第三；根据第十二段“She said, ‘The richest and fattest thing in the world is the earth. It gives us all our food. And the sweetest thing in the world is love.’”可知，d项“女孩把这两个问题的答案告诉了伊万。”排第四；根据第十三段“Four days later, Ivan, with his daughter, came to the king.”可知，b项“伊凡带着他的女儿去见国王。”排第五，正确顺序为e, c, a, d, b。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据上文“That’s impossible because fishes don’t live in trees.”可知，国王认为，鱼不可能生活在树上，据此可以推断女儿说她和父亲靠捕树上的鱼为生，目的就是想让国王的明白树不可能生小马驹的事实，以此证明小马驹不是邻居的而是她们家的。故选C。 15.（23-24八年级上·山东济南·期末） Long ago, there was a man called Sessa. He invented (发明) a new game to make his friend, the king, happy. He called it “chess”. The king loved it and decided to give him anything he liked. However, Sessa told the king he only wanted some grains of wheat (小麦粒). “What?!” said the king, greatly surprised. “Since you enjoy my chessboard so much, just give me a grain of wheat on the first square (方格) of the chessboard, two grains on the second square, four for the third, and so on. Each square doubles the amount (数量) of the last,” replied Sessa. “Very well!” the king told his prime minister (丞相), “give it to him!” The first day, when the prime minister gave Sessa a grain of wheat, everyone laughed loudly. The second day, he got two. The ninth day, Sessa received 256 grains. It took Sessa 16 days to get enough wheat to fill a large bag, but only one more day to get two bags. By the end of the month, wagons (马车) filled with grains were moving into Sessa’s house. The prime minister was very worried and went to see the king. “Dear king! Sessa has now collected nearly all our wheat! If we continue, our wheat will soon be empty!” he said. “Impossible!” said the king. But after he checked and double-checked, he found that by the 64th square, he should give Sessa a total of 18, 446, 744, 073, 709, 551, 615 grains of wheat! The king had to call in Sessa and take back his words. Sessa replied with a smile, “I won’t ask you for the second half of the chessboard.” With that, the king and Sessa were still best friends and Sessa got what he wanted—a wiser king. 1．What did the king think of the new game Sessa invented? A．Expensive. B．Enjoyable. C．Simple. D．Difficult. 2．How did Sessa ask for the grains of wheat in return? A．He asked for double the amount on each square of the chessboard. B．He asked for the same amount on each square of the chessboard. C．He asked for half the amount on each square of the chessboard. D．He asked for the most amount on each square of the chessboard. 3．How long did it take Sessa to get enough wheat to fill two large bags? A．4 days. B．16 days. C．17 days. D．30 days. 4．Why did the king have to take back his words? A．He thought it was a joke indeed. B．He found he would run out of wheat. C．He wanted to give Sessa a surprise. D．He trusted the prime minister more. 5．What did Sessa mean by saying the underlined words? A．He accepted and asked for more grains of wheat. B．He wanted the king to give him something different. C．He didn’t want to continue playing chess with the king. D．He was happy with what he had and refused to get more. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了很久以前发明了一种叫做“国际象棋”的新游戏的塞萨和国王之间发生的一个故事。 1．细节理解题。根据“Long ago, there was a man called Sessa. He invented a new game to make his friend, the king, happy. He called it ‘chess’. The king loved it and decided to give him anything he liked.”可知，塞萨发明这种新游戏让国王很开心，爱不释手，决定给他任何他喜欢的东西。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“‘Since you enjoy my chessboard so much, just give me a grain of wheat on the first square of the chessboard, two grains on the second square, four for the third, and so on. Each square doubles the amount of the last,’ replied Sessa.”可知，作为回报，塞萨要求棋盘的第一个方格上给他一粒小麦，在第二个方格上给他两粒小麦，在第三个方格上给他四粒小麦，以此类推，每一块都是上一块的两倍。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“It took Sessa 16 days to get enough wheat to fill a large bag, but only one more day to get two bags.”可知，塞萨花了16天的时间才弄到足够装满一个大袋子的小麦，但在第17天时，他就弄到了两袋小麦。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“‘Dear king! Sessa has now collected nearly all our wheat! If we continue, our wheat will soon be empty!’ he said.”和“But after he checked and double-checked, he found that by the 64th square, he should give Sessa a total of 18, 446, 744, 073, 709, 551, 615 grains of wheat!”可知，如果继续这样下去，国王就快没有小麦了，所以国王不得不收回他的承诺。故选B。 5．句子猜测题。根据上文“Sessa replied with a smile,”和下文“With that, the king and Sessa were still best friends and Sessa got what he wanted—a wiser king.”可推断，塞萨不再要求国王给他小麦了，因为他很满意，他已经得到了他想要的。故选D。 16.（23-24八年级上·吉林长春·期末） Imagine a large open space with two teams running, throwing, passing and catching a disc (飞盘), the newest popular sport in young people in China. It is called flying disc, the newest popular sport in young people in China. A research shows about 60% of people saying they like to make new friends through the sport. The Chinese Flying Disc Administrative Committee says about 500, 000 people in China played flying disc in 2021, producing over 8,000,000 yuan. How did flying disc get such great popularity in China in a short time? First, it is a team sport. It helps everyone quickly get to know each other. Second, it is played with a flying disc, thrown by hand. It needs little or no body-touching so it helps avoid being angry and fighting. What’s more, this sport allows people to enjoy it without spending a lot of time learning about the rules or skills. The growing popularity has drawn attention of the Chinese government. In 2019, the Asia Oceanic Ultimate and Guts Championships was held in Shanghai. It is the first world match in this sport held in China. In July 2022, the General Administration of Sport decided China’s first flying disc tournament starting in August and the final match to be held in May next year. The sport will certainly have a bigger home market going forward. 根据短文内容，选出最佳选项。 1．How does the writer show the popularity of flying disc? A．By asking questions. B．By using numbers. C．By telling a short story. D．By giving an example. 2．What does the underlined word “avoid” mean? A．stop from B．take down C．think about D．warm up 3．Who might be interested in flying disc? A．Someone who wants to do sports alone. B．Someone who wants to do sports inside. C．Someone who wants to do sports easily. D．Someone who wants to do sports slowly. 4．What is the right order according to the passage?   　   　 a. The Asia Oceanic Ultimate and Guts Championships was held in Shanghai. b. The General Administration of Sport decided China’s first flying disc tournament starting in August. c. The Chinese Flying Disc Administrative Committee says about 500, 000 people in China played flying disc. d. The final match of China’s first flying disc tournament to will be held in May, 2023. A．abcd B．bdac C．cabd D．acbd 5．What will the writer talk about next after the passage? A．The great future of flying disc. B．China’s first flying disc tournament. C．The government’s help for flying disc. D．The growing popularity of flying disc. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了一项新型的受欢迎的运动——飞盘运动。 1．推理判断题。根据“ A research shows about 60% of people saying they like to make new friends through the sport. The Chinese Flying Disc Administrative Committee says about 500, 000 people in China played flying disc in 2021, producing over 8,000,000 yuan.”可知，作者通过列举数字证明飞盘运动受欢迎的程度。故选B。 2．词义猜测题。根据“It needs little or no body-touching so it helps avoid being angry and fighting.”可知，很少或根本不需要身体接触，所以避免生气和打架，故推断avoid的意思是“避免”，与stop from同义。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据“What’s more, this sport allows people to enjoy it without spending a lot of time learning about the rules or skills.”可知，这项运动可以让人们享受它，而不需要花很多时间学习规则或技能，由此可推断，想要轻松地做运动的人可能对它感兴趣。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“In 2019, the Asia Oceanic Ultimate and Guts Championships was held in Shanghai.”可知，a排在第一位，排除B和C选项。根据“Administrative Committee says about 500, 000 people in China played flying disc in 2021”可知，c排在第二位，排除A，故选D。 5．推理判断题。根据文章结尾“The sport will certainly have a bigger home market going forward.”可知，最后谈到了这项运动未来肯定会有更大的国内市场，由此可推断接下来会谈论这项运动的未来。故选A。 17.（23-24八年级上·重庆忠县·期末） ① Every thirty seconds there is an earthquake in the world. Some of these earthquakes are so weak that people can’t feel them. But some of them are very serious and many people get hurt or die in them. ② Do you know what causes earthquakes? ③ The earth’s surface (表面) has many pieces. These pieces are always moving. When two pieces move past each other, there is an earthquake. Scientists are trying to predict (预测) big earthquakes, but it’s very hard. ④ Do you know how to protect yourself during an earthquake? Here are some ways. You should remember them. ⑤ If you are inside ◆Quickly move under a desk or along a wall. It will protect you from falling things. Don’t run out of the door. ◆Keep away from windows. ◆Turn off the power and fire. ◆Don’t get into a lift. If you are in a lift, get out as quickly as possible. ⑥ If you are outside ◆Don’t stay near tall buildings and trees. Things may fall on you. ◆Be careful of fallen power lines. ◆Lie on the ground in clear areas until the shaking stops. 1．Why does an earthquake happens？ A．Because the Earth’s surface is too thin. B．Because there are too many pieces on the Earth’s surface. C．Because two pieces of the Earth’s surface move past each other. D．Because the pieces of the Earth’s surface are moving too fast. 2．Which is the best way when an earthquake happens? A．B．C． D． 3．The structure of the passage may be ________. (①=Paragraph(自然段) 1 ②=Paragraph 2 ③=Paragraph 3 ④=Paragraph 4 ⑤=Paragraph 5 ⑥=Paragraph 6) A．B． C． D． 4．We can know ________ from the passage. A．how we can predict an earthquake will happen B．what we can do before an earthquake C．how we can save people after an earthquake D．what we can do during an earthquake 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了地震产生的原因以及地震时如何自我保护。 1．细节理解题。根据“The earth’s surface (表面) has many pieces. These pieces are always moving. When two pieces move past each other, there is an earthquake.”可知，当两块碎片相互移动时，就会发生地震。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“⑤ If you are inside”对应的内容可知，地震时，在室内应迅速躲在桌下或墙边，结合图片，B选项符合“躲在桌下”的表述。故选C。 3．篇章结构题。通读全文，文章开头第一段引出地震这一话题，并从地震的起因(第二段)及地震中如何自救 (第四段) 两个方面进行叙述；在第三段中具体阐述了地震的原因；在第五至六段从室内和室外两种状况出发具体阐述了如何自救。结合选项，C选项符合文章结构。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“Do you know how to protect yourself during an earthquake? Here are some ways. You should remember them.”可知，文章中表述了地震时我们应该做什么来进行自我保护。故选D。 18.（23-24八年级上·湖南怀化·期末） Coming into the town of Santa Palopó, in the highlands of Lake Atitlán, the first thing you notice is the bright colors. Most of the buildings along the main street are eye-catching, colors of blues and greens; mixed with red and yellow to form beautiful pictures. Santa Palopó was once a sleepy town of 5,000 people, most of them indigenous (土著的) and depended on agricultural work (农业). As agriculture began to slow down here, and many of its families became poor. To deal with the bad situation and improve economic (经济) growth through tourism, a small group of farmers, artists, local workers and stay-at-home moms created the Pintando project. The project was firstly to paint all 850 homes and buildings in bright colors, in order to change the hillside town into a work of art. “We wanted to paint the houses with colors and figures that represent (代表) the community,” says the project’s director Stephen. “A lot of designs were created so that families can choose designs for their house that are representative of the family.” One of the most representative characters of the region is the blue huipil, a traditional dress which has been worn by local women since the 16th century. That deep sky blue was chosen as the primary color for the Pintando project, with other colors found in the sunsets and the nearby lake to make the design more beautiful. As for the designs that would be used, they would also find inspiration (灵感) in local culture, symbols such as hills, flowers, Mayan-styled butterflies and the national bird.   Each week, local farmers, community members and tourists pick up paintbrushes to make buildings colorful. “Now you can see a huge difference in the town,” Melissa White said. “The color of the buildings is believed to improve the life of the people. It improves the people’s mood and encourages them to be proud of where they come from.” 1．What problem did Santa Palopó face? A．Water problem. B．Poor economic conditions. C．A rapid increase in population. D．Poor agricultural technology. 2．What is the project about? A．Building art museum in Guatemala. B．Creating job opportunities for local farmers. C．Developing local tourism by selling artworks. D．Changing the town into a cultural tourist spot. 3．What is the inspiration of the primary color for the project? A．The nearby lake. B．Mayan-styled butterflies. C．A type of traditional clothing. D．The national bird of Guatemala. 4．What is Melissa’s attitude towards the project? A．Positive. B．Uncaring. C．Disappointed. D．Negative. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了Santa Palopó镇以及该镇的彩绘项目. 1．推理判断题。根据“As agriculture began to slow down here, and many of its families became poor. To deal with the bad situation and improve economic (经济) growth through tourism, a small group of farmers, artists, local workers and stay-at-home moms created the Pintando project（随着这里的农业开始放缓，许多家庭变得贫穷。为了应对这种糟糕的情况，并通过旅游业改善经济增长，一小群农民、艺术家、当地工人和全职妈妈创建了Pintando项目）”可知，Santa Palopó镇面临经济状况不佳的情况。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“The project was firstly to paint all 850 homes and buildings in bright colors, in order to change the hillside town into a work of art（该项目首先将850栋房屋和建筑涂成明亮的颜色，以将这个山坡小镇变成一件艺术品）”可知，这个项目是关于把这个城镇变成一个文化目的地。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“One of the most representative characters of the region is the blue huipil, a traditional dress which has been worn by local women since the 16th century. That deep sky blue was chosen as the primary color for the Pintando project”可知该地区最具代表性的是一种自16世纪以来当地妇女一直穿着的传统服饰，深天蓝色被选为Pintando项目的原色，该项目的主色调灵感来自一种传统服装。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据“It improves the people’s mood and encourages them to be proud of where they come from.”可知它改善了人们的情绪，鼓励他们为自己的家乡感到骄傲，所以她对这个项目的态度是积极的。故选A。 19.（22-23八年级上·江苏泰州·期末） For the last three years, a man in India has been living a real-life (现实的) daily nightmare (疆梦). Every time he walks out of his house, he gets attacked (攻击) by a group of crows (乌鸦). The strange thing is that the birds only attack him. Shiva Kewat, a factory worker, says his troubles with crows began three years ago because of a misunderstanding. One day, he noticed a baby crow trapped in iron net as he was walking on the street. He did everything he could to help the small bird get away, but it died in his hands. Some of the crows must see the scene (场景) and thought that he killed their bird. And that’s why they keep attacking him after that. “It died in my hands. How much I want to tell them the fact, I was only trying to help it.” Shiva Kewat told the newspaper. “I just wave the stick around to shoo them off. Poor things, they believe I killed their child.” Kewat said that he didn’t really take the crows’ attacks seriously until he found that he was the only one they attacked, no one else had a problem with them. And as word of his troubles with the black birds spread (传播) in and around the village, people started coming to his house every day just to see if he would get attacked. Some find it funny, while others describe it as “sudden and frightening.” 1．How did the crow die in the man’s hands? A．The man just wanted to help it but it died by accident. B．The man was a hunter. C．The bird crashed into the man and died. D．The man killed it. 2．Why did the other crows attack him? A．Because he attacked the crows. B．Because they thought he killed their child. C．Because he didn’t give them food. D．Because the crows wanted to eat him. 3．What is the correct order of this story? ①A large group of crows attacked Shiva Kewat. ②Shiva Kewat used the stick to shoo the crows off. ③Shiva Kewat tried to help a little crow in iron net. ④The crows saw the little crow died in Shiva Kewat’s hands. ⑤People around the village came to Shiva Kewat’s house. A． ①③②④⑤ B．①④②③⑤ C．③④②①⑤ D．③④①②⑤ 4．What does the underlined phrase “shoo them off” in the third paragraph mean? A．drive them away B．kill them C．get them closer D．catch them 5．What is the main idea of this passage? A．Crows attacked an Indian hunter. B．Crows are dangerous to humans. C．Misunderstanding led to attacks. D．It’s important to protect animals. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了印度的一名男子因被乌鸦误以为是他杀死了小乌鸦，因而被不断地袭击的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“One day, he noticed a baby crow trapped in iron net as he was walking on the street. He did everything he could to help the small bird get away, but it died in his hands.”可知，希瓦•科瓦特注意到一只小乌鸦被铁网困住了，他尽了一切努力帮助小鸟离开，但它还是死在了他的手里；选项A“这个人只是想帮助它，但它意外死亡。”符合语境。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“Some of the crows must see the scene and thought that he killed their bird. And that’s why they keep attacking him after that.”可知，一些乌鸦目睹了这一幕，以为他杀了他们的小乌鸦。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据第二段“One day, he noticed a baby crow trapped in iron net as he was walking on the street. He did everything he could to help the small bird get away, but it died in his hands. Some of the crows must see the scene and thought that he killed their bird. And that’s why they keep attacking him after that.”可知，③希瓦•科瓦特试图帮助一只困在铁网中的小乌鸦。是第一件事；④乌鸦们看到小乌鸦死在希瓦•科瓦特的手里。是第二件事；①一大群乌鸦袭击希瓦•科瓦特。是第三件事；根据第三段“I just wave the stick around to shoo them off.”可知，②希瓦•科瓦特用棍子驱赶乌鸦。是第四件事；根据第四段“And as word of his troubles with the black birds spread in and around the village, people started coming to his house every day just to see if he would get attacked.”可知，⑤村子周围的人们来到希瓦•科瓦特的家。是第五件事。故选D。 4．词义猜测题。根据“I just wave the stick around to shoo them off.”可知，希瓦•科瓦特挥动棍子想把乌鸦赶走；选项A“赶走它们”符合语境。故选A。 5．主旨大意题。根据第二段“Some of the crows must have seen the scene and thought that he killed their young. And that’s why they keep attacking him after that.”可知，一些乌鸦肯定看到了这一幕，乌鸦误以为是他杀死了小乌鸦，因而不断地袭击希瓦•科瓦特；并且通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了因为误解，印度的一名男子被乌鸦袭击的故事。故选C。 20.（22-23八年级上·北京西城·期末） Everyone knows and feels proud of national heroes and famous leaders. But there are those everyday young heroes who just make a difference when the need suddenly happens. The yellow school bus is such a known and important part of childhood. Parents would always tell kids to pay more attention of the safety before getting on the bus. The ride is the beginning of a weekday and there are no teachers around. It’s just a time for short sleeps and joking with friends. Studies even show that teenagers aren’t really awake and watchful until around 8: 30, when the school bus arrives at the school gate. So 13-year-old Jeremy Wuitschick had to be a true hero for saving the school bus from an accident when other students were sleepy or just had small talks. It was a common morning in April 2012. Jeremy was sitting in his usual place only a few seats from the front when he saw the driver suddenly slump down(倒下) . The bus kept going along the road, but the driver’s hands had left the wheel and nothing was guiding the school bus. Without thinking, the seventh grader Jeremy Wuitschick jumped into actions, holding the controls and leading to the side of the road. He couldn’t break the bus—he couldn’t reach the pedals(脚踏). But he managed to bring the bus to a stop by pulling the keys out. Other kids on the bus dialed 911. And one of Jeremy’s classmates, Johnny Wood, praised himself to be a hero as well, performing CPR(心肺复苏) on the driver until help arrived. Thanked to Jeremy Wuitschick and his classmates’ timely help, the driver and all the students were safe. The dictionary meaning of a hero is: “a person of great courage or ability, beloved for his or her brave actions and unusual qualities.” It is certain that Jeremy is a young hero by his great courage and quick thinking. 1．How did Jeremy Wuitschick save lives? A．He warned all the students to get out of the bus quickly. B．He pulled the keys out and managed the car to a safer place. C．He asked the driver to stop the car by stepping on the pedals. D．He guided the school bus with the driver’s hands on the wheel. 2．What can you learn from the passage? A．Teachers should be on the school bus. B．The driver fell asleep on that morning. C．Parents like talking on the school bus. D．The kids gave different helps for the driver. 3．Why does the writer write this passage? A．To introduce some ways to meet difficulties. B．To tell the driver the importance of safety C．To show people the problems of school buses. D．To encourage the young to do right actions. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．D 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，介绍了Jeremy坐黄色校车去上学时，司机突然倒下了，他勇敢地采取正确的行动，救下了司机和所有学生，其他的孩子们也为司机提供了不同的帮助。 1．细节理解题。根据第四段“But he managed to bring the bus to a stop by pulling the keys out.”可知，他拔出钥匙，设法使公共汽车停了下来。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段“Other kids on the bus dialed 911. And one of Jeremy’s classmates, Johnny Wood, praised himself to be a hero as well, performing CPR(心肺复苏) on the driver until help arrived. Thanked to Jeremy Wuitschick and his classmates’ timely help, the driver and all the students were safe.”可知，孩子们为司机提供了不同的帮助。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据第一段和最后一段可知，作者鼓励年轻人在突发事件时，采取正确的行动。故选D。 21.（22-23八年级上·广东珠海·期末）Kangaroos (鼠) live in Australia. They don’t walk much. They hop (跳) to find food and do other things. Kangaroos can hop 7 to 8 meters as long as two cars. They can also hop 1.8 meters high. They are the largest hopping animal in the world. They are so good at hopping. How can kangaroos hop so well? First, kangaroos have big feet and strong back legs. These help them jump far. Second, kangaroos have long and strong tails. They help kangaroos jump high. The tails can also help kangaroos keep their balance (平衡). Do you know kangaroos have small front legs? Their front legs usually don’t touch the ground. But when they eat grass on the ground, their front legs touch the ground. Why do kangaroos have amazing hopping ability? There are a few reasons. The first reason is that kangaroos’ enemies are lions and wolves. Kangaroos hop to get away from their enemies. The second reason is that some kangaroos live in dry deserts. It is not easy for them to find fresh grass or water. After it rains, the grass will be fresh for a few hours. So, they hop and hop. In this way they can find and eat fresh grass quickly. Hopping uses less energy than walking. This way of moving saves the most energy. Baby kangaroos can’t hop. So they stay in their mom’s pouch. After about six months, they can hop freely. A new born kangaroo is really small. It is only as long as a finger! 1．Kangaroos can hop as far as ________ and 1.8 meters high. A．1.8 to 2 meters B．1.8 to 3 meters C．3 to 5 meters D．7 to 8 meters 2．Kangaroos hop so well because of their ________. ①big feet        ②strong back legs ③long and strong tails        ④front legs A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①③④ D．①②③④ 3．What does the underlined word “enemies” mean in Chinese? A．威胁 B．天敌 C．伙伴 D．邻居 4．According to Paragraph 3, we know that there are ________ reasons for kangaroos to have amazing hopping ability. A．one B．two C．three D．four 5．What’s the best title for this passage? A．Kangaroos-the best hopping animal B．The ways how kangaroos hop C．The reasons why kangaroos hop D．The living habits of kangaroos 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B 4．B 5．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了跳跃能力很强的一种动物一一袋鼠。 1．细节理解题。根据“Kangaroos can hop 7 to 8 meters as long as two cars. They can also hop 1.8 meters high.”可知，袋鼠的跳跃距离可达7-8米，高度可达1.8米。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“First, kangaroos have big feet and strong back legs.”及“Second, kangaroos have long and strong tails.”可知，袋鼠跳得这么好是因为它们的大脚和强壮的后腿，以及它们又长又壮的尾巴。故选A。 3．词义猜测题。根据“Kangaroos hop to get away from their enemies.”可知，袋鼠跳跃是为了躲避它们的敌人。结合选项可以推断出“enemies”在这里是“天敌”的意思。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“The first reason is that kangaroos’ enemies are lions and wolves. Kangaroos hop to get away from their enemies. The second reason is that some kangaroos live in dry deserts.”可知，袋鼠拥有惊人跳跃能力有两个原因。故选B。 5．最佳标题题。结合文章内容可知本文主要介绍了跳跃能力很强的一种动物一一袋鼠。所以本文的最佳标题可以是“Kangaroos-the best hopping animal”。故选A。 22.（22-23八年级上·河南周口·期末） Have you ever used shared bikes? What do you think of this new “fashion”? Shanghai is one of the first cities in China to have shared bikes. Shared bikes can now be found all over the city. They are popular, in fact, not only among adults but also among teens. On streets wide and narrow, there are some accidents involving shared bikes. These accidents warn us that shared bikes are not for everybody. One of the most serious accidents took place in March. One Sunday afternoon, a boy was cycling on an ofo bike. He was hit by a bus and later died. The boy’s parents are not by his side. Besides, the boy was considered too young to ride a bike. He was only about 10 years old. The good news is that Shanghai has been trying to regulate bike sharing. The regulations are still being discussed, but some of the rules have been decided upon. For example, only people aged between 12 and 70 can ride shared bikes. Users must be between 1.45 and 1.95 meters tall. However, it could be hard to put these regulations into effect. Young children can still be seen riding ofo bikes. That’s because many ofo bikes use manual locks. If a user did not lock the bike properly after using it, anyone can ride it away. Ofo has developed electronic locks. However, it will take some time for the company to install the new locks on all of its bikes. I hope we can do more work to make sure the accident like this never happen again. 根据短文内容,选择最佳答案。 1．What does the underlined word “involving” mean in Chinese? ______ A．影响 B．涉及 C．移动 D．破坏 2．Which of the following statements about the accident mentioned in paragraph 2 is NOT true? ______ A．The accident took place in Shanghai. B．A primary school student died in the accident. C．The boy’s parents were not with him when the accident happened. D．The boy learned to ride a bike just one day before the accident happened. 3．What is ofo going to do in order to prevent such an accident from happening again? ______ A．To stop children under 12 from using its service. B．To ask everybody to park and lock its bikes properly. C．To ask Shanghai’s traffic police for help. D．To replace all of its manual locks with electronic ones. 4．According to Shanghai’s new bike sharing regulations, which one of the following people can ride a shared bike in Shanghai? ______ A．Linda 10 years old 1.4 m tall 46 kg B．Sam 14 years old 1.57 m tall 53 kg C．David 72 years old 1.66 m tall 60 kg D．Betty 13 years old 1.44 m tall 48 kg 5．Why does the author write the passage? ______ A．To introduce us to the popularity of bike sharing services in Shanghai. B．To teach readers how to use a shared bike. C．To ask readers to make efforts so that young children cannot ride shared bikes. D．To show us the development of the bike sharing services in Shanghai. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了上海十岁男童骑共享单车,发生交通事故的事情。作者希望经过大家的努力,确保这样的惨剧不再发生。 1．词句猜测题。根据第一段“These accidents warn us that shared bikes are not for everybody.”这些事故警告我们，共享的自行车不适合所有人使用。可知，有一些事故“涉及”共享自行车。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“One Sunday afternoon, a boy was cycling on an ofo bike. He was hit by a bus and later died. The boy’s parents are not by his side. Besides, the boy was considered too young to ride a bike. He was only about 10 years old.”可知，男童骑共享单车发生交通事故发生在上海，男孩是一名小学生，当事故发生时，男孩的父母不在他身边。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“For example, only people aged between 12 and 70 can ride shared bikes.”可知，为了阻止类似的事故发生，新法规规定禁止12岁以下的孩子骑共享单车。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据第三段“For example, only people aged between 12 and 70 can ride shared bikes. Users must be between 1.45 and 1.95 meters tall.”可知，只有12到70岁且身高在1.45到1.95米之间的人才能骑共享单车。故选B。 5．主旨大意题。通读全文，可知本文介绍了上海十岁男童骑共享单车，发生交通事故的事情。作者希望经过大家的努力，确保这样的惨剧不再发生。故选C。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$