专题01 单项选择常考点易错考点及专项训练-2024-2025学年八年级英语上学期期末复习（人教版）

专题01 单项选择常考点易错考点及专项训练 目录 冠词易错点 1 名词常考点 3 代词常考点易错点 6 形容词、副词常考点易错点 10 数词常考点 16 介词常考点 17 连词常考点 19 动词分类 21 动词时态常考点 22 非谓语动词易错点 25 从句常考点 28 主谓一致 易错点 31 冠词易错点 1. 不定冠词 a和an都用于可数名词单数前，但两者用法有区别： 若随后的单词以辅音音素开头用a若随后的单词以元音音素开头用an *在序数词前表示“又一，再一”。如：I’ve tried three times. Let me try a fourth time. 2. 定冠词the A.在姓氏复数前，表一家人。The Whites 怀特一家 B.用在西洋乐器单数可数名词前。play the piano 弹钢琴 C.用在世纪或＂世纪+年代＂名词前。in the 1960s 在20世纪60年代 3. 不用冠词（零冠词） A.名词前已有指示代词、物主代词、名词所有格、不定代词或疑问代词时（this, my, Tom’s, whose, some, no, each, every等），不用冠词。如： B.球类、棋类、学科、语言、娱乐运动、一日三餐前的名词前，不用冠词。 1．（23-24八年级上·河北承德·期末）—Is there ________ university in your city? —Yes. My brother is studying there. He wants to be ________ engineer. A．a; a B．an; the C．an; an D．a; an 2．（23-24八年级上·河北保定·期末）Jenny often plays ________ piano with her friend after ________ school. A．the, / B．a, the C．/, the D．an, the 3．（23-24八年级上·海南省直辖县级单位·期末）—I want to be ________ actor. What about you, Kelly? —I want to be ________ university teacher. A．an; a B．an; an C．a; an 4．（23-24八年级上·河北石家庄·期末）—Is there ________ university in your town? —No, there isn’t. But there are ______ few colleges. A．a; 不填 B．a; a C．an; a D．an; 不填 5．（23-24八年级上·山东菏泽·期末）—My mom always forgives (原谅) me when I make mistakes and gives me ______ useful advice every time I have trouble. —What ______ understanding mother! A．a; a B．/; an C．an; an 6．（23-24八年级上·安徽合肥·期末）—Did you see ________ film The Wandering Earth last weekend? —Yes, it’s ________ exciting film! A．a; the B．the; an C．a; an D．the; the 7．（23-24八年级上·江西景德镇·期末）For all ________ people, it is ________ unhealthy habit not to have breakfast. A．the; / B．the; an C．/; the D．the; a 名词常考点 一．名词复数规则变化： 1. 普通情况 ：+s 2. 特殊情况：【X、S、Ch、Sh】+es 【学生超帅有意思】 3. 辅音+y：把y变成ies 4. 元音（ａ、e、i、o、u、）+y：+s → boys 5. 以o结尾【有命】：+es；【无命】+s 6. 以f/fe结尾的：把f/fe变成ves「刀狼的妻子叫叶子是小偷躲架后」 → knife；wolf；wife；leaf；thief ；shelf → f/fe变成ves 二．不规则变化： 1. 元音a变成e：例如man、woman：policemen、policewomen 「注意：German德国人；Roman罗马人；human人类；→ →复数+s」 2. 元音oo变ee：例如tooth；foot；goose鹅 3. 英法联军a变e；中日两国不用变，其他国人+s：英国人（English），法国人（French） Englishman；Frenchman；Chinese；Japanese；Americans；Australians 4. 全变：child → children；mouse → mice【老鼠】 5. 复合名词：boy/girl student 【复数：boy/girl students，只变后面】 man/woman teacher【复数：men/women teachers，前后都要变】 6. 单复同形：fish；deer；sheep、Chinese、Japanese 7. 形单意复：people人们；family家人；class班级（集体名词） 8. 形复意单：maths数学；politics政治【学科—V单数】 三．不可数名词： 1. 分类：液体类，金属类，时间类，路程类，肉类，...... 2. 如何表达？ ① 具体量化（词组：a cup of water）② 笼统说法（much,little...） 3. 常见的不可数n: bread面包，news新闻，weather天气，music音乐，advice建议， courage勇气，information信息，progress进步，paper纸张，meat肉... 四．名词所有格： “....的”→ ❶名词单数's ❷名词复数' ❸......of.... ❹....to... This is Jane and Mary's room. 【共同拥有，后面➕'s】 This are Jane's and Mary's rooms.【各自拥有，各自➕'s】 ★ 西方节日不加the，中国传统节日加the 【母亲/父亲节：Mother's day / Father's day】【 Teachers' day 教师节，Children's day 儿童节】 【部分用to情况】： the key to the door 门的钥匙 the answer to the question问题的答案 the ticket to ....门票 the entrance to ....入口 8．（23-24八年级上·河北保定·期末）________ father is a teacher. He is nice to every student. A．Lily and Tom’s B．Lily’s and Tom C．Lily’s and Tom’s D．Lily and Tom 9．（23-24八年级上·河北保定·期末）Mr. Zhang came up with some good ________ to improve our spoken English. A．news B．advice C．idea D．choice 10．（23-24八年级上·山东滨州·期末）It will be ________ next week and there will also be a lot of ________. A．windy; snow B．wind; snowy C．windy; snowy D．wind; snow 11．（23-24八年级上·湖北黄石·期末）—Can you give me some ________ on my math exam? —Be careful and you can make ________ mistakes. A．advice; less B．advice; fewer C．advices; fewer D．advices; less 12．（23-24八年级上·江苏宿迁·期末）The baby _________ 4 kilogram at birth. Do you know her _________ now? A．weighs; weigh B．weighed; weight C．weighted; weigh D．weighed; weighs 13．（23-24八年级上·江苏南京·期末）—Some wild animals are in need of _______ help. —Yes. If nobody _______ them, they will die out in the future. A．humans’; help B．human; will help C．humans; will help D．humans’; helps 14．（23-24八年级上·湖北武汉·期末）Mrs. Brown is a well-known policewoman with ________ and she has many own ________. A．experience; experiences B．experience; experience C．experiences; experience D．experiences; experiences 15．（23-24八年级上·甘肃酒泉·期末）The post office is about five ________ walk from here. A．minute B．minutes C．minutes’ D．minute’s 代词常考点易错点 人称代词 人称代词的人称、数和格，如下表所示。 第一人 称单数 第二人 称单数 第三人称单数 第一人称复数 第二人称复数 第三人称复数 阳性 阴性 中性 主格 I(我) you (你) he(他) she(她) it(它) we(我们) you(你们) they (他们，她们，它们) 宾格 me(我) you (你) him(他) her(她) it(她) us(我们) you(你们) them (他们，她们，它们) *单数人称代词并列做主语时，其顺序为：第二人称→第三人称→第一人称you→he/she/it→ I。如： You, he and I are good friends. 你我他都是好朋友。 物主代词 表示所有关系的代词叫物主代词。物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词，如下表所示： 第一人 称单数 第二人 称单数 第三人称单数 第一人称复 数 第二人称复数 第三人称复数 阳性 阴性 中性 形容 词性 my (我的) your (你的) his (他的) her (她的) its (它的) our (我们的) your (你们的) their (他们的，她们的，它们的) 名词 性 mine (我的) yours (你的) his (他的) hers (她的) its (她的) ours (我们的) yours (你们的) theirs(他们的，她们的，它们的) *形容词性物主代词+名词=名词性物主代词。如：Li Lei’s father is taller than mine. (mine=my father) 反身代词 第一人 称单数 第二人 称单数 第三人称单数 第一人称复数 第二人称复数 第三人称复数 阳性 阴性 中性 myself (我自己) yourself (你自己) himself (他自己) herself (她自己) itself (它自己) ourselves (我们自己) yourselves (你们自己) themselves (他们/她们/它们自己) *enjoy oneself玩得高兴，过得愉快；hurt oneself 伤着自己；teach oneself=learn...by oneself 自学；(all) by oneself (完全)独立地；help oneself to请自便，随便吃……；look after oneself=take care of oneself自理，照顾自己；leave one by oneself 把……单独留下；lose oneself in 陶醉于，沉浸于；dress oneself 穿衣；make oneself at home不拘束，随便；wash oneself 洗澡。 指示代词易错点 this（these），that（those） *that 和those代替前面提到的东西，以避免重复这个名词。 The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Guangzhou *this 在电话用语中代表自己（我），that 则代表对方（你）。如：Hello! This is Mary. Is that Jack speaking? 不定代词易错点 1.both, either与neither both 指“两者都”，表肯定。作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 either 指“两者中的任意一个”。作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数。 neither 指“两者中没有一个”，表否定。作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数。 2.a few, few, a little与little 肯定意义 否定意义 所跟名词 a few一些，几个 few几乎没有 可数名词复数 a little一点儿 little几乎没有 不可数名词 3.other、the other、another、others与the others的用法辨析： ①other意为“其他的、别的”。 ②the other意为“两者中的另一个”。 ③another意为“另外的，再一，又一”，泛指三者或三者以上中的另一个。 ④others泛指“其他的/另外的人/物”(指大部分)，常与some搭配构成“some...others...” ⑤the others表示特指某范围内的“其余的人/物”，(指全部) 4.复合不定代词somebody、something、anything、nothing、everything和everybody的用法辨析： *在句子中当单数使用 修饰复合不定代词的定语，应放在它们的后面someone outside ，nothing much 5.none、no one、nobody的用法辨析 *no one和nobody都表示“没有人”，仅指人---通常以who提问 none表示“没有一个人/物”，可指人也可以指物 --通常以how many\much提问 6.it的用法 形式主语It is not easy to learn a foreign language. 形式宾语I find it difficult to learn English. // He thinks it easy to work out this maths problem. 16．（23-24八年级上·河北保定·期末）My brother joined our English club and introduced ________ to our members. A．himself B．ourselves C．herself D．themselves 17．（23-24八年级上·河北石家庄·期末）The model plane is . I made it by . A．my; me B．my; myself C．mine; me D．mine; myself 18．（23-24八年级上·河北沧州·期末）Think hard and do it by yourself. ________ else can do it for you. A．Nobody B．Everybody C．Somebody D．Anybody 19．（23-24八年级上·江西九江·期末）This sweater is a bit small. Can you show me _________ one? A．the other B．other C．others D．another 20．（23-24八年级上·安徽池州·期末）—Hi, Julie! You seem to have a good holiday these days. Did you go ________ at National Day holidays? —Of course. I went to the 19th Asian Games in Hangzhou. A．somewhere interesting B．anywhere interesting C．something interesting D．anything interesting 21．（23-24八年级上·甘肃白银·期末）—The cake is really delicious. Could I have ________ one? —Sure. Here you are. A．another B．other C．the other D．others 22．（23-24八年级上·安徽马鞍山·期末）—Do you drink as much coffee as before? —No, ________ at all. Because my sleeping problem is getting worse. A．none B．nothing C．little D．a little 23．（23-24八年级上·湖北荆州·期末）—You don’t look fine. What happened? —When I had my lunch, I sat at the table with smokers on ________ sides of me. A．both B．all C．either D．neither 24．（23-24八年级上·安徽安庆·期末）There are tall trees on ________ sides of the road. A．all B．both C．either D．neither 25．（23-24八年级上·湖北·期末）—________ sugar do we need?     —Just ________. We don’t need much. A．How many; a few B．How much; a little C．How many; a little D．How much; a few 形容词、副词常考点易错点 *形容词修饰something, anything, nothing, everything等复合不定代词时，须放在其后 *多个形容词作定语时的排序 请记住“限观形龄颜国材”，如果这几个字不好记，就记“县官行令宴国才”。 1.*-ing形容词和-ed形容词的比较：-ing形容词表示主动意义，多修饰事或物，多指事物影响到人，意为“使人（感到）……的”；而-ed 形容词往往带有被动含义，修饰人，多指人受到事物的影响，意为“感到……的”，常用于“sb.+ -ed形容词”结构，有时也做定语用。 2.*形容词常用句型： （1）“It’s +adj.+of+sb.+不定式”表示“某人（做某事）怎么样”。It’s very kind of you to help me. =You are very kind to help me. （2）“It’s+adj.+for+sb.+不定式”表示“做某事对某人来说怎么样”。It’s not easy for them to learn a foreign language. 3.*辨析 too much与much too的用法辨析：too much表示“太多的”，修饰事物数量；much too表示“太过，过分”，修饰形容词或副词。如：That coat is much too dear. // I am full because I have had too much rice. lonely与alone的用法辨析：lonely是表示心理活动的形容词，意思是：“孤独的，寂寞的”alone的意思是：“独自的，单独的” He lives alone but he doesn’t feel lonely. // He is a lonely person. You can not easily get on well with him. 4.修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或整个句子，用来说明事情发生的时间、地点、原因、方式等含义的词叫做副词。如：Unluckily he hurt his leg. // He runs too fast. // They often laugh loudly. 如何判断比较级和最高级 注意 easier就是比较级 可以用much修饰 more easier 是错的 (1)由表示程度的副词very, so, too, enough, quite等修饰时，用形容词原级。如：The film is too boring. 这部电影太无聊了。 (2)表示两者在某一方面相同或不同时用原级。具体用法如下 1) A＋be/动词＋as＋原级＋as＋B，意为“A与B一样……”，表示相同或相等。 My best friend is as tall as her mother. 我最好的朋友和她妈妈一样高。 2) A＋be＋not＋so/as＋原级＋as＋B，意为“A不及B那样……”，表示不如或不相等。 This red skirt is not so/as beautiful as that blue one. 这条红色的短裙不如那条蓝色的漂亮。 3) A＋be/动词＋倍数＋as＋原级＋as＋B，表示“A是B的……倍” (常见倍数：一半half，一倍once，两倍twice，三倍及以上：数字＋times)。 Our school is twice as large as theirs. 我们学校是他们学校的两倍大。 4) as＋原级＋as＋用作比喻的名词，意为“像……一样……”，此结构可形成许多习惯用语，多用于口语。He is as busy as a bee.他像蜜蜂一样忙碌。 (1)表示两者进行比较时用比较级。( than ) (2)由表程度的副词a little, a bit, a few, a lot, much, even, still, far, rather, any等修饰，用形容词或副词的比较级 It is much hotter today. 今天要热得多。 (1)表示三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时，用最高级形式。形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the， 副词最高级前可以不加。句末常跟一个in/of/among 短语来表示范围。He is the tallest boy in our class. *不规则变化（好坏多少老远） 原 级 比较级 最高级 good好的 better更好的 best最好的 well好；(身体)好的 bad,badly糟糕的，糟糕地 worse更糟糕的，更糟糕地；(身体)更不舒服的 worst最糟糕的，最糟糕地；(身体)最不舒服的 ill(身体)不舒服的 many许多的(可数) more更多的；更 most最多的；最 much许多的(不可数)；非常 little少的 less更少的 least最少的 old旧的，老的，年长的 older较旧的，较老的 oldest最旧的，最老的 elder较年长的 eldest最年长的 far远的；远地 farther(指距离)更远的；更远地 farthest(指距离)最远的/地 further(指程度)进一步的/地 furthest(指程度)最深刻的/地 26．（23-24八年级上·河北保定·期末）After taking exercise, Tom is much ________ than before. A．strong B．stronger C．strongest D．the strongest 27．（23-24八年级上·河北承德·期末）If it ________ tomorrow, we ________ on a trip. A．is rain; go B．is rainy; are go C．isn’t rainy; will go D．isn’t rain; will go 28．（23-24八年级上·江苏南京·期末）—Would you like to move to the city and live with us, Granny? —Thank you, dear. But for me, the life here is ________ than that in the city. A．comfortable B．more comfortable C．less comfortable D．uncomfortable 29．（23-24八年级下·四川广元·期末）—Do you know Shanghai is one of ________ in the world? —Yes, it’ s bigger than ________ city in China. A．the biggest city; other B．the biggest cities; other C．the biggest city; any other D．the biggest cities; any other 30．（23-24八年级下·四川凉山·期末）Of all the subjects, math seems to be ________ for her. A．difficult B．too difficult C．more difficult D．the most difficult 31．（23-24八年级上·江苏泰州·期末）We all know that a day has 24 hours. But over a billion years ago, the days were much ________, lasting ________ than 19 hours. A．longer; less B．shorter; fewer C．shorter; less D．longer; fewer 32．（23-24八年级上·安徽安庆·期末）My brother is three years ________ than me. He is ________ young ________ go to school. A．young; too; to B．younger; enough; to C．younger; too; to D．young; so; that 33．（23-24八年级上·云南昆明·期末）—Emily is ________ of all the students. —That’s why she is the top student in her class. A．hard-working B．more hard-working C．much hard-working D．the most hard-working 34．（23-24八年级上·安徽宣城·期末）________ you work, ________ grades you will get. A．The more; the better B．The harder; the better C．The hard; the good D．The hardest; the best 35．（23-24八年级上·安徽阜阳·期末）Big Head Son and Small Head Father is ________ Tom and Jerry. I like both of them. A．as boring as B．not so boring as C．not so interesting as D．as interesting as 36．（23-24八年级上·安徽黄山·期末）—Mom, would you buy me a bike like that? Please! —Of course. We can buy ________ one, but ________ it. A．a better one; better than B．a cheaper one; not better than C．a cheaper one; as good as D．a better one; not as good as 37．（23-24八年级上·江西景德镇·期末）—How can I finish the book report? —You can read the book every day. ________ careful you are, ________ you’ll write. A．The less; the better B．The more; the good C．The less; the well D．The more; the better 38．（14-15九年级上·云南文山·阶段练习）—Does my question sound ________ enough? —I don’t think so. You can ask more ________ by using “could” instead of “can”. A．polite; politely B．politely; polite C．politely; politely D．polite; polite 39．（23-24八年级上·河北石家庄·期末）Though he studied ________ at school, he can ________ get good grades. A．hard; hardly B．hardly; hardly C．hard; hard D．hardly; hard 40．（23-24八年级上·安徽安庆·期末）Tim, you should take labor (劳动) education ________. It will be helpful in your whole life. A．carefully B．careful C．serious D．seriously 41．（23-24八年级上·湖北·期末）He didn’t read the book ________, although he had ________. A．careful enough; enough time B．carefully enough; enough time C．enough careful; time enough D．enough carefully; enough time 数词常考点 基数词 1. 十位数与个位数之间要加连字符号“-”。如：28-twenty-eight; 96-ninety-six。 2.百位和十位（若无十位则和个位）之间加and。如：136-one hundred and thirty-six; 601-six hundred and one。 3.1000以上的数字（即多位数），从后往前数每三位加一个逗号“，”第一个逗号前为千（thousand），第二个逗号前为百万（million），第三个逗号前为billion（十亿）。如： 1, 172, 651读作：one million, one hundred and seventy-two thousand six hundred and fifty-one。 4.hundred百；thousand千；million百万；billion十亿的用法： hundred，thousand，million，billion表示确定的数目时，直接在它们前面加基数词。表示不确切数字，如成百上千，成千上万，三三两两等时，要在它们后面加-s，并且要与of连用。如： There are eight hundred students in our school. 在我们学校有八百个学生。 There are hundreds of people in the hall. 大厅里有数以百计的人。 5. “在20世纪30年代”是in the 1930’s或in the 1930s 6.基数词用于表达分数：（子基母序，分子大于1，分母要加s） 分数是由基数词和序数词构成的。分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子大于“1”，分母则加“s”。如： ①1/3 one third或a third；②3/4 three fourths或 three quarters； 7.基数词与another, more连用时，表示在已有基础上再增加一定数量。如： another five hours另外五个小时；two more hours 两个多小时 8.在他30多岁十 in his thirties 序数词 序数词构成顺口溜：序数词很好记，基数词后再加th；8少t 9去e，面目全非1/2/3；ve结尾5和2(12)，换成f须仔细；若是几十几的数，前半基来后半序；遇到ty结尾词，把y变ie再加th。 *如果序数词前出现不定冠词a或an时，表示“又一，再一”。如： We have tried it four times. Must we try it a fifth time? 我们已经试过了四次，我们还必须再试一次吗？（第五次） 42．（23-24八年级上·河北承德·期末）We can see ________ people ________ there. A．hundred; dance B．hundreds; to dance C．hundred of; danced D．hundreds of; dancing 43．（23-24八年级上·安徽芜湖·期末）There are ________ of students in our school but only ________ of them are girls. A．hundreds; two hundred B．hundreds; two hundreds C．hundred; two hundreds D．hundred; two hundred 44．（23-24八年级上·广东广州·期末）There are _________ stars in the sky but we can only see about six _________ stars. A．a large amount of; thousand B．a large number of; thousand C．a large amount of; thousands D．a large number of; thousands 45．（23-24八年级上·广东广州·期末）My grandpa is nearly ________ years old.We will celebrate his ________ birthday next month. A．seventy; seventy B．seventy; seventieth C．seventieth; seventy D．seventieth; seventieth 46．（23-24八年级上·天津滨海新·期末）The flat has ________ floors and Mr. Black lives on the ________ floor with his family. A．twelve; twelve B．twelve; twelfth C．twelfth; twelfth D．twelfth; twelve 介词常考点 1.时间介词 at / in / on ★at表示在某个时刻或黎明、正午、黄昏、午夜前。如：at 7:00；at noon；at midnight等。 ★in表示在一段时间里(如：某个世纪，季节，某年，某月，上午，下午，晚上等)（在将来时句子中则表示在一段时间之后）。如：in summer；in 2013；in three days；in May；in winter；in the morning；in the afternoon等。 ★on表示在具体的某一天或者某一天的某一段时间。如：on Monday；on the morning of June 1st；on a cold day；on Monday；on July 1st；on Sunday morning 等。 2.其他介词易错点 （1）across / through表示“通过，穿过”时的用法区别： ★across意为“横过，穿过”，指从物体表面的一边到另一边。如：Go across the bridge and you will see the cinema. ★through意为“穿过，通过”，指从某一物体空间内通过。如：The moon shone in through the window. 47．（23-24八年级上·陕西西安·期末）Dennis said sorry for being late again because he ________ leave home ________ 7: 00 a. m. this morning. A．isn’t, until B．wasn’t, at C．doesn’t, at D．didn’t, until 48．（23-24八年级上·四川达州·期末）—What are you planning to do _____ four years? —I’ll go to college! I’ll be there _____ four years. A．in; for B．in; in C．for; for D．for; in 49．（23-24八年级上·江苏泰州·期末）—________ awful weather! It’s snowing so heavily. —It’s dangerous to drive ________ a snowy morning, but you can walk there. A．What; on B．What an; on C．What an; in D．How; in 50．（23-24八年级上·重庆沙坪坝·期末）________ Friday night, they are going to meet ________ 5 o’clock to join in Tina’s housewarming party. A．On; on B．On; at C．In; in D．In; at 连词常考点 1.并列连词 and “和”，表并列或顺承关系 I often play volleyball with my friends, and I like reading too. but “但是”，表转折关系 I’d love to, but I’m afraid I have no time. while“然而”。 He’s a worker while his wife is a doctor. so “因此，所以”，表因果关系 The dress was very expensive, so I didn’t buy it. or “或者”，表选择关系 Do you go to school by bus or on foot? “否则”，表条件关系 Hurry up, or you’ll miss the plane. 2.并列连词短语 neither...nor... 两者都不…… Neither he nor his children like fish. not only...but also... 不仅……而且…… My mum not only helps clean the rooms for my grandparents but also does some shopping for them. either...or... 或者……或者…… Either you or he is wrong. both...and... 两者都…… Both Simon and David are ready to take on new challenges. 3.从属连词（引导从句） when “当……时”。从句用一般过去时，主句用过去的某种时态 Sorry, I was out when you called me. while “正当……时”。while引导的从句中，谓语动词必须是延续性动词，且常用进行时It began to rain while we were walking in the park. until “直到……”常用在“not...until...” 结构中，表示“直到……才……”Peter didn’t show up until the meeting had begun. as soon as“一…就…”。主句和从句的时态遵循“主将从现”原则 I’ ll visit you as soon as I come back. if “如果”。 if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时 If he has time tomorrow, he will attend the meeting. unless “除非，如果不”。unless可以转化为“if...not...”结构。主从句时态同if用法一致 He won’ t finish the work unless he works hard. because 不能与so连用 I didn’t accept his help because I wanted to try it myself. though/ although 虽然；尽管”。不能与but同时使用 Although/Though the cinema had a big car park, I could not find a space to park my car. so...that... “如此……以至于……”，so修饰的中心词是形容词或副词，结构为“so＋adj./adv.＋that...”，常与too...to...结构互换 She is so tired that she can’t go any farther.＝She is too tired to go any farther. such...that... “如此……以至于……”， such修饰的中心词是名词，结构为 “such＋a/an＋adj.＋可数名词单数＋that...”或“such＋adj.＋不可数名词/可数名词复数＋that...” It’s such a fine day that many people go to the park for fun. 51．（22-23八年级上·广西河池·期末）— Can you come to my party? — I’d love to, ________ I have to visit my grandparents. A．and B．but C．because D．although 52．（23-24八年级上·北京西城·期末）Betty is only six, ________ she can sing one hundred Chinese songs. A．so B．but C．although D．because 53．（23-24八年级上·吉林长春·期末）—Let me tell the twins about the result. —There is no need to do so. ________ Lucy ________ Lily have heard about it. A．Both; and B．Neither; nor C．Not only; but also D．Either; or 动词分类 54．（23-24八年级上·河北保定·期末）—Whose schoolbag is this? —It ________ be Peter’s, but I’m not sure. A．need B．can C．must D．might 55．（23-24八年级上·河北承德·期末）I think I ________ be a singer when I grow up. But I’m not sure. A．need B．might C．should D．must 56．（23-24八年级上·江苏南京·期末）—Where are you going on a school trip this term, Simon? —I’m not sure. We ________ visit Qixia Hill. Autumn is the best time to go there. A．must B．will C．should D．may 57．（23-24八年级下·北京朝阳·期末）The flowers ________ very sweet. Let’s go for a walk in the garden. A．smell B．look C．feel D．taste 动词时态常考点 五种常考时态的构成及用法 一般现在时 结构 1.主语＋am/is/are＋其他 2.主语＋动词原形/动词单三形式＋其他 标志词 1.频度副词：always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never, hardly 2.频率词组：once a year, twice a month, three times a day等 3.其他词组：on Sundays, at/on weekends, every day/year...(every系列) 一般过去时 结构 主语＋was/were或动词过去式＋其他 标志词 1.ago及ago词组 2.yesterday及yesterday词组 3.last及last词组 4.just now, in the past, in 1920等 5.at the age of..., used to... 6.one day, long long ago 一般将来时 结构 1.主语＋will/shall＋动词原形＋其他2.主语＋be going to＋动词原形＋其他 标志词 1.tomorrow, soon 2.next week/month...(next系列) 3.in a week, in 2022, in＋一段时间 4.one day, in the(near) future 现在进行时 结构 主语＋am/is/are＋动词现在分词＋其他 标志词 1.now, right now 2.at present, at this time, at the/this moment 3.these days 4.when, while 5.Look! Listen！ 过去进行时 结构 主语＋was/were＋动词现在分词＋其他 标志词 1.then 2.at that time, at ten yesterday, at this time yesterday 3.when/while引导的表示过去时间的状语从句 58．（23-24八年级上·河北保定·期末）Bob ________ a delicious cake for his mother on her birthday party yesterday. A．made B．make C．will make D．making 59．（23-24八年级上·河北保定·期末）My grandmother ________ here for 10 years, so she knows well about her neighbourhood. A．lives B．has lived C．will live D．was living 60．（23-24八年级上·辽宁阜新·期末）—We ________ a picnic in the park when it began to rain. —Sounds bad! A．had B．will have C．are having D．were having 61．（23-24八年级上·安徽安庆·期末）—Why are you in such a hurry, Mike? —There ________ an exciting football game in ten minutes. A．will be B．will have C．is going to have D．are going to be 62．（23-24八年级上·安徽安庆·期末）—I want to know if it ________ tomorrow. —Don’t worry. If it ________, we will stay at home. A．will rain; rains B．rains; rains C．rains; will rain D．will rain; will rain 63．（23-24八年级上·安徽亳州·期末）— I really want to go to college for further study. — Believe in yourself. If you ________ hard, your dream will come true. A．will study B．studied C．study D．are studying 64．（23-24八年级上·江西九江·期末）In the future, robots _________ the problem of taking care of the old people. A．solved B．will solve C．is solving D．solves 65．（23-24八年级上·安徽宣城·期末）There ________ a talent show in our school tomorrow. A．is B．will have C．is going to be D．is going to have 66．（23-24八年级上·安徽宣城·期末）I wonder if Sally ________ to my party next Sunday. If she ________ to my party, I’ll be very happy. A．goes, goes B．will go, will go C．goes, will go D．will go, goes 67．（23-24八年级上·山东聊城·期末）— What were you doing when it ________to rain? — We ________in the field. A．started; worked B．was starting; worked C．was starting; were working D．started; were working 68．（23-24八年级上·湖北武汉·期末）—Do you know if it ________ tomorrow? —I’ve got no idea. I’m afraid the New Year’s Party will be put off if it ________. A．rains; rains B．will rain; rains C．will rain; will rain D．rains; will rain 非谓语动词易错点 一、不定式的用法 常见接动词不定式作宾语的词或短语有： afford负担得起 agree同意begin开始 choose选择 dare敢 decide决定expect期望 fail失败 forget忘记learn学manage设法完成plan计划prepare准备 pretend假装 promise承诺 refuse拒绝want想要wish/hope希望 等 常见接动词不定式作宾语补足语的词有：V + sb /sth + to do sth advise建议allow允许 ask要求expect期望force强encourage 鼓励invite邀请 teach教 tell告诉 want想要warn警告use使用 等 在一些使役动词和感官动词后， 要把动词不定式结构中的to省略。常用的词或短语有： 五看：watch, see, look at, notice, observe 三使：let, have, make二听：listen to, hear一感觉：feel 二、动名词的用法 常见后接动名词的词 V + doing sth prevent阻止 keep持续avoid避免consider考虑enjoy喜欢mind介意 practice练习suggest建议finish完成 常见后接动名词的词组 spend some time/money (in) doing sth 花费时间/金钱做某事 sth be worth doing值得做某事 be busy (in) doing sth忙于做某事 have difficulty (in) doing sth 做某事有困难 look forward to doing sth 期待做某事 pay attention to doing sth 注意做某事 be/get used to doing sth习惯于做某事 make a contribution to doing sth 为某事做贡献 devote oneself to doing sth 致力于做某事 can’t/couldn’t help doing sth情不自禁做某事have fun (in) doing sth做某事很开心 三、分词的用法 其后可以接现在分词作宾语补足语的动词有see, watch, hear, keep, find等词； 其后可以接过去分词作宾语补足语的动词有have, make, get等词。 I heard Lily singing in the classroom. 现在分词表示正在发生 My father was very glad because I offered to have the washing machine repaired. 过去分词表示被动 69．（23-24八年级上·江苏宿迁·期末）President Xi Jinping delivers a New Year address on Sunday evening, Dec 31, 2023, in Beijing ________ 2024. A．welcome B．welcoming C．welcomed D．to welcome 70．（23-24八年级上·山东聊城·期末）—Mr Ding, I have some trouble ________ the passage! —You had better ________ it three or four times at least! A．to understand, read B．understanding, to read C．understanding, read D．to understand, to read 71．（23-24八年级上·山东聊城·期末）—Bob, I’m not good at English. What should I do? —Why not ________ an English club to practise ________ English? A．to join, speaking B．join, speaking C．to join, to speak D．join, to speak 72．（23-24八年级上·安徽六安·期末）My son plans to join the army. He looks forward to ________ a soldier (军人). A．become B．becoming C．to become D．became 73．（23-24八年级上·河北张家口·期末）He is busy ________ for the sports meeting. A．prepare B．preparing C．to prepare D．prepared 74．（23-24八年级上·湖北荆州·期末）—I don’t know ________ a banana milk shake. —No worrying about it. I’ll teach you. A．what to do B．when to make C．how to make D．why to make 75．（23-24八年级上·安徽合肥·期末）Don’t forget ________ the book back on the shelf when you leave the library. A．put B．to putting C．putting D．to put 76．（23-24八年级上·江苏泰州·期末）—Would you mind me ________ the door? — ________. It’s much too cold outside. A．open; No, you can’t B．to open; Not at all C．opening; Of course not D．opening; Better not 77．（23-24八年级上·安徽安庆·期末）—Did you watch the cartoon The Princess and the Frog? —No, but I’m looking forward to ________ it. It is said that it is great. A．watched B．watch C．watching D．watches 78．（23-24八年级上·山东淄博·期末）Our teachers often encourage us ________ hard, so we usually regard them ________ our friends easily. A．study; for B．to study; for C．study; as D．to study; as 79．（23-24八年级上·湖北·期末）________ a foreign language is not easy. We should use it often. A．Learn B．Learn to C．Learning D．To learning 80．（23-24八年级上·安徽蚌埠·期末）Local people know birds are ________. They do everything they can ________ these rare birds A．in danger, protect B．dangerous, to protect C．in danger, to protect D．dangerous, protect 从句常考点 宾语从句 中考主要考查的知识点有三个：引导词、时态和语序 宾语从句引导词有三种：that；whether/if；特殊疑问词what/which/who/whom/whose/when/where/why/how *在具有选择意义又有or或or not时，尤其是直接与or not连用时，往往用whether，而不用if 宾语从句的时态（主过从过）We asked what Jean was doing then. 我们问Jean那时正在做什么 （主现从任何）I don’t know if he will come tomorrow. 我不知道是否他明天回来 宾语从句的语序 一般疑问句和特殊疑问句改为宾语从句，语序改为陈述语序。如： Does he work hard? I wonder. →I wonder if/whether he works hard. 我想知道他是否努力工作 *【注意】当引导词本身在宾语从句中充当主语时，其语序则保持原来的语序，即“连接代词+谓语”。如： He asked me what was wrong with me. 他问我我怎么啦？（what在从句中作主语） Can you tell me what is the matter? 你能告诉我出了什么事？（what在从句中作主语） I don’t know who is the youngest of them. 我不知道他们中谁最小。（who在从句中作主语） *宾语从句和状语从句的区别（if是否、如果）（when什么时候、当） ---- I don’t know if he will come. 我不知道他是否会来。 ---- He will come if it doesn’t rain. 如果不下雨，他会来的。 ---- Do you know when he will come back tomorrow? 你知道他明天什么时候回来吗？ ---- Sorry, I don’t know. When he comes back, I’ll tell you. 对不起，不知道。当他回来了，我将告诉你。 状语从句 1. 时间状语从句 When I got home, he was having supper. 当我回到家的时候，他正在吃饭。 While I was sleeping, my father came in. 我睡觉时，我的父亲进来了。 Father was cleaning the car while I was playing computer games. 当我正在打电脑游戏时，爸爸在清洗汽车 We won’t start until/till/before Bob comes. 直到鲍勃来我们才会开始 As soon as I reach Canada, I will ring you up. 我一到加拿大，就给你来电话。 *It is+时间+since从句的句型中，主句多用一般现在时。如： It is four years since my sister lived in Beijing. 我妹妹不在北京住有四年了。 2.地点状语从句 是由where(哪里/儿)；wherever(无论何地)；anywhere(无论何处)；everywhere(到处)等从属连词引导的状语从句。如： Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者事竟成。(谚语) Wherever there is smoke, there is fire. 无风不起浪。(谚语) Wherever you go, I go too. 无论你到什么地方，我都去。 3.原因状语从句 I missed the train because I was ill. 我错过了火车因为我生病了。=I missed the train because of my illness 4.条件状语从句（主将从现） As long as I am alive, I will go on studying. 只要我活着, 我就要学习。 Let’s go out for a walk unless you are too tired. 我们出去散步，除非你太累了。 If you are not too tied, let’s go out for a walk. 如果你不太累，让我们出去散散步。 5. 目的状语从句 You must speak louder so that /in order that you can be heard by all. 你必须说大声点，以便大家都能听到。 6. 让步状语从句 Although he is rich, yet he is not happy. 虽然他很富有，然而他并不快乐。 7. 结果状语从句 ① …+so+形容词/副词＋that从句。 He spoke so fast that I couldn’t follow him. 他说得太快，我跟不上他。 ② …+such+a/an+形容词＋单数可数名词＋that从句。 It is such a heavy box that nobody can move it. 这个盒子太重了没有人能够搬动它。 ③ …+such+形容词＋复数可数名词/不可数名词＋that从句。 It is such bad weather that we have to stay at home. 天气是如此恶劣，我们不得不呆在家里。 ④ …+so+形容词＋a/an＋单数可数名词＋that从句。 Tom is so clever a boy that he can answer the question. 汤姆很聪明，他能回答这个问题。 81．（23-24八年级上·河北承德·期末）—Could you tell me ________? —You can take No. 16 bus. A．where shall we go B．how I can get to the Olympic Park C．when I shall meet D．which is the best way to the park 82．（23-24八年级下·云南普洱·期末）—I wonder ________. —Because he thinks it’s enjoyable to make a perfect cup of tea with beautiful tea sets. A．how your grandpa collects tea sets B．how does your grandpa collect tea sets C．why your grandpa loves collecting tea sets D．why does your grandpa love collecting tea sets 83．（23-24九年级上·吉林长春·期末）—Could you please tell me _______? —It’s next to the post office. A．where the supermarket is B．how we can be healthier C．why so many people like shopping D．what we can buy in the mall 84．（23-24八年级上·江苏扬州·期末）— Many people are killing sharks (鲨鱼) for money. — If people keep killing sharks, there ________ any of them in the sea some day. A．may not be B．will not have C．don’t have D．aren’t 85．（23-24八年级上·安徽亳州·期末）— We won’t pass the exam ________ we study hard. — That’s why we are trying our best to prepare for the exam. A．although B．unless C．because D．or 86．（23-24八年级上·山东东营·期末）I looked through my test paper again and again ________ I wouldn’t make any mistakes. A．so B．because C．so that D．make sure 87．（23-24八年级上·安徽池州·期末）________ I can’t travel around the world now, ________ I can hang out with my families according to TV programs about different countries. A．Although; but B．Although; / C．Although; so D．Because; so 88．（20-21九年级下·重庆渝中·阶段练习）My little son won’t go to sleep ________ I tell him a story every night. A．when B．if C．unless D．because 89．（23-24八年级上·江西景德镇·期末）Don’t make a promise easily ________ you are sure you can follow it. A．when B．after C．unless D．although 主谓一致 易错点 1.主语是单数时，尽管后面跟有with, together with, along with, as well as, like, but, except, besides, no less than, more than, rather than, including等介词短语，谓语动词仍用单数。如： Mike with his father has been to England. 迈克同他的父亲去过英格兰。 The students as well as the teacher were present at the meeting. 学生们以及老师都出席了会议。 2由and连接的两个名词作主语，如果是指同一概念（and后没有定冠词）则谓语动词用单数形式。如： Their teacher and friend is Mr. Li. 他们的老师和朋友是李先生。(老师和朋友指同一个人) The writer and teacher is coming. 那位作家兼教师来了。(作家和教师指同一个人) 3、就近一致的原则 指谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式，取决于最靠近他的主语。 （1）由or, either…or…, whether ... or ..., neither…nor…, not only…but also…, not…but… 连接两个名词或代词作主语时，根据就近原则决定谓语动词形式。如： Either my wife or I am going. 要么我妻子去要么我去。 Not the students but I was wrong. 不是学生错了，而是我错了。 Neither you, nor I, nor anyone else knows the answer. 你、我、任何人都不知道答案。 （2）there/here be句型be动词单复数取决于其后的主语。如果其后是由and连接的两个主语，则应与靠近的那个主语保持一致。 Here are the boys I am looking for. 这些就是我正在寻找的男孩。 There is a book and three pens on the desk. 书桌上有一本书和三支钢笔。 4、表示“时间，距离，金钱，重量，数目，长度”等复数名词、词组作主语时，一般被看做一个整体，谓语动词通常用单数形式。如：Twenty miles is a long distance. 20英里是一段很长的距离。 Two months is a long holiday. 两个月是一个长假。 Forty dollars is too expensive for the book. 这本书40美元太贵了。 90．（23-24八年级下·四川广元·期末）—Hurry up! Alex! Once the concert starts, nobody ________ enter the concert hall. —Thank you! A．are allowed to B．is allowed to C．allowed to D．allows to 91．（23-24八年级上·江苏镇江·期末）—Are you going to Shanghai Art Museum this Sunday? —Yes. ________ I ________ my brother is going there. We will start at 2 p. m. A．Both; and B．Neither; nor C．Not only; but also D．Either; or 92．（23-24八年级上·安徽蚌埠·期末）—I’ll drink half of the water. The rest ________ for you, Kate. —Only for us two? ________ the rest going to be unhappy? A．is; Is B．are; Is C．is; Are D．are; Are 93．（23-24八年级上·江苏南通·期末）________ I ________ my brother does well in physics. So we often help others with the physics problems. A．Not; but B．Both; and C．/; or D．Not only; but also 94．（23-24八年级上·江苏泰州·期末）The 19th Asian Games took place in Hangzhou. ________ number of Chinese athletes ________ 886 and they won medals in different sports. A．A; are B．A; is C．The; are D．The; is 95．（23-24八年级上·江苏泰州·期末）—The Volunteers: To The War (《志愿军：雄兵出击》) is a wonderful film. —Yeah. ________ my father ________ my mother likes it very much. A．Both; and B．Not only; but also C．Between; and D．Not; or 96．（23-24八年级上·安徽宣城·期末）—________ do you practice playing soccer? —Twice a week. Practice makes perfect. A．How many B．How much C．How long D．How often 97．（23-24八年级上·湖北襄阳·期末）— Granpa, you said you wrote to your friends far away when you were young. Then ________ did you write to them? — About twice a month. A．How far B．How often C．How long D．How soon 98．（23-24八年级上·安徽蚌埠·期末）________ exciting news report it is! A．What B．What an C．How D．How an 99．（23-24八年级上·湖北恩施·期末）________ wonderful concert it was! Many famous musicians played at the concert. A．What B．What a C．How D．How a 100．（23-24八年级上·湖北黄石·期末）— ________ special class we had today! We have learned about Chinese kung fu. — That sounds really interesting. A．What a B．What C．How a D．How 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题01 单项选择常考点易错考点及专项训练 目录 冠词易错点 1 名词常考点 3 代词常考点易错点 6 形容词、副词常考点易错点 10 数词常考点 16 介词常考点 17 连词常考点 19 动词分类 21 动词时态常考点 22 非谓语动词易错点 25 从句常考点 28 主谓一致 易错点 31 冠词易错点 1. 不定冠词 a和an都用于可数名词单数前，但两者用法有区别： 若随后的单词以辅音音素开头用a若随后的单词以元音音素开头用an *某些以元音字母开头的单词用a，因为其第一个音是/j/。如：a university，a European language。 *某些以字母 h 开头的单词用an，因为这些单词的＂h＂不发音。如：an honest boy，an hour ago。 字母s，x，n，m，f等用an 如：there is an “s”in the word. *在序数词前表示“又一，再一”。如：I’ve tried three times. Let me try a fourth time. 2. 定冠词the A.在姓氏复数前，表一家人。The Whites 怀特一家 B.用在西洋乐器单数可数名词前。play the piano 弹钢琴 C.用在世纪或＂世纪+年代＂名词前。in the 1960s 在20世纪60年代 3. 不用冠词（零冠词） A.名词前已有指示代词、物主代词、名词所有格、不定代词或疑问代词时（this, my, Tom’s, whose, some, no, each, every等），不用冠词。如： B.球类、棋类、学科、语言、娱乐运动、一日三餐前的名词前，不用冠词。 1．（23-24八年级上·河北承德·期末）—Is there ________ university in your city? —Yes. My brother is studying there. He wants to be ________ engineer. A．a; a B．an; the C．an; an D．a; an 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你的城市有大学吗？ ——有。我哥哥在那里学习。他想成为一名工程师。 考查不定冠词。第一空泛指一所大学，且“university”以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词a；第二空泛指一名工程师，且“engineer”以元音音素开头，所以用不定冠词an。故选D。 2．（23-24八年级上·河北保定·期末）Jenny often plays ________ piano with her friend after ________ school. A．the, / B．a, the C．/, the D．an, the 【答案】A 【详解】句意：珍妮经常在放学后和她的朋友弹钢琴。 考查冠词。a不定冠词，表泛指，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；an不定冠词，表泛指，用于以元音音素开头的单词前；the定冠词，表特指；/零冠词。西洋乐器前用定冠词the，play the piano“弹钢琴”；after school“放学后”，是固定词组。故选A。 3．（23-24八年级上·海南省直辖县级单位·期末）—I want to be ________ actor. What about you, Kelly? —I want to be ________ university teacher. A．an; a B．an; an C．a; an 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我想成为一名演员。你呢，凯利？——我想成为一名大学老师。 考查不定冠词。actor是元音音素开头的单词，所以第一空要填an；university是辅音音素开头的单词，所以第二空要填a。故选A。 4．（23-24八年级上·河北石家庄·期末）—Is there ________ university in your town? —No, there isn’t. But there are ______ few colleges. A．a; 不填 B．a; a C．an; a D．an; 不填 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你们镇上有大学吗？——不，没有。但是有几所学院。 考查冠词的用法。第一空表示泛指，university是以辅音音素开头的单词，前面用不定冠词a；But表示转折，说明有几所学院，应用a few“少许”。故选B。 5．（23-24八年级上·山东菏泽·期末）—My mom always forgives (原谅) me when I make mistakes and gives me ______ useful advice every time I have trouble. —What ______ understanding mother! A．a; a B．/; an C．an; an 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——当我犯错误的时候，我的妈妈总是原谅我，每次我有困难的时候，总是给我有用的建议。——多么善解人意的妈妈！ 考查冠词。a/an不定冠词，表示泛指，a用在以辅音音素开头的单词前，an用在以元音音素开头的单词前；/零冠词。advice“建议”是不可数名词，第一空不用a/an修饰；第二空泛指“一位善解人意的妈妈”，且understanding是以元音音素开头，应用an修饰。故选B。 6．（23-24八年级上·安徽合肥·期末）—Did you see ________ film The Wandering Earth last weekend? —Yes, it’s ________ exciting film! A．a; the B．the; an C．a; an D．the; the 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——上周末你看电影《流浪地球》了吗？——看了，这是一部激动人心的电影！ 考查冠词辨析。“The Wandering Earth”为电影名，所以用the film特指这部电影；第二个设空处泛指它是一部激动人心的电影，且exciting是以元音音素开头，因此填an。故选B。 7．（23-24八年级上·江西景德镇·期末）For all ________ people, it is ________ unhealthy habit not to have breakfast. A．the; / B．the; an C．/; the D．the; a 【答案】B 【详解】句意：对于所有人来说，不吃早饭是一个不健康的习惯。 考查冠词。a用在辅音音素开头的单词前，an用在元音音素开头的单词前；the表示特指；/零冠词。第二空表泛指，用不定冠词，因unhealthy是以元音音素开头的单词，用an，结合选项，B选项符合。故选B。 名词常考点 一．名词复数规则变化： 1. 普通情况 ：+s 2. 特殊情况：【X、S、Ch、Sh】+es 【学生超帅有意思】 3. 辅音+y：把y变成ies 4. 元音（ａ、e、i、o、u、）+y：+s → boys 5. 以o结尾【有命】：+es；【无命】+s 6. 以f/fe结尾的：把f/fe变成ves「刀狼的妻子叫叶子是小偷躲架后」 → knife；wolf；wife；leaf；thief ；shelf → f/fe变成ves 二．不规则变化： 1. 元音a变成e：例如man、woman：policemen、policewomen 「注意：German德国人；Roman罗马人；human人类；→ →复数+s」 2. 元音oo变ee：例如tooth；foot；goose鹅 3. 英法联军a变e；中日两国不用变，其他国人+s：英国人（English），法国人（French） Englishman；Frenchman；Chinese；Japanese；Americans；Australians 4. 全变：child → children；mouse → mice【老鼠】 5. 复合名词：boy/girl student 【复数：boy/girl students，只变后面】 man/woman teacher【复数：men/women teachers，前后都要变】 6. 单复同形：fish；deer；sheep、Chinese、Japanese 7. 形单意复：people人们；family家人；class班级（集体名词） 8. 形复意单：maths数学；politics政治【学科—V单数】 三．不可数名词： 1. 分类：液体类，金属类，时间类，路程类，肉类，...... 2. 如何表达？ ① 具体量化（词组：a cup of water）② 笼统说法（much,little...） 3. 常见的不可数n: bread面包，news新闻，weather天气，music音乐，advice建议， courage勇气，information信息，progress进步，paper纸张，meat肉... 四．名词所有格： “....的”→ ❶名词单数's ❷名词复数' ❸......of.... ❹....to... This is Jane and Mary's room. 【共同拥有，后面➕'s】 This are Jane's and Mary's rooms.【各自拥有，各自➕'s】 ★ 西方节日不加the，中国传统节日加the 【母亲/父亲节：Mother's day / Father's day】【 Teachers' day 教师节，Children's day 儿童节】 【部分用to情况】： the key to the door 门的钥匙 the answer to the question问题的答案 the ticket to ....门票 the entrance to ....入口 8．（23-24八年级上·河北保定·期末）________ father is a teacher. He is nice to every student. A．Lily and Tom’s B．Lily’s and Tom C．Lily’s and Tom’s D．Lily and Tom 【答案】A 【详解】句意：莉莉和汤姆的父亲是一名教师。他对每个学生都很好。 考查名词所有格。根据空后的“father”为名词单数形式及语境可知，此处表示两者共同所有，只在最后一个人的名字后加’s，A项正确。故选A。 9．（23-24八年级上·河北保定·期末）Mr. Zhang came up with some good ________ to improve our spoken English. A．news B．advice C．idea D．choice 【答案】B 【详解】句意：张老师提出了一些提高我们英语口语的好建议。 考查名词辨析。news消息，不可数名词；advice建议，不可数名词；idea想法，可数名词；choice选择，可数名词。根据“improve our spoken English”可知，提出一些提高口语的建议，some修饰不可数名词或可数名词复数。故选B。 10．（23-24八年级上·山东滨州·期末）It will be ________ next week and there will also be a lot of ________. A．windy; snow B．wind; snowy C．windy; snowy D．wind; snow 【答案】A 【详解】句意：下周会有风，还会有很多雪。 考查形容词和名词。windy有风的，形容词；wind风，名词；snow雪，名词；snowy下雪的，形容词。第一空作表语，用形容词windy；a lot of修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词，第二空用不可数名词snow。故选A。 11．（23-24八年级上·湖北黄石·期末）—Can you give me some ________ on my math exam? —Be careful and you can make ________ mistakes. A．advice; less B．advice; fewer C．advices; fewer D．advices; less 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你能给我一些数学考试的建议吗？——细心点，你犯的错误就会少点。 考查名词和形容词比较级。advice建议，不可数名词；less少的，修饰不可数名词；fewer少的，修饰可数名词。第一个空应填advice“建议”，不可数名词；第二空修饰mistakes，可数名词，用fewer修饰。故选B。 12．（23-24八年级上·江苏宿迁·期末）The baby _________ 4 kilogram at birth. Do you know her _________ now? A．weighs; weigh B．weighed; weight C．weighted; weigh D．weighed; weighs 【答案】B 【详解】句意：婴儿出生时体重4公斤。你知道她现在的体重吗？ 考查动词时态和名词用法。weigh“重达”，动词；weight“重量”，名词。第一空缺少谓语动词，根据“at birth”可知时态为一般过去时，第一空应用动词过去式weighed；her“她的”为形容词性物主代词，修饰名词weight“重量”。故选B。 13．（23-24八年级上·江苏南京·期末）—Some wild animals are in need of _______ help. —Yes. If nobody _______ them, they will die out in the future. A．humans’; help B．human; will help C．humans; will help D．humans’; helps 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——一些野生动物需要人类的帮助。——是的。如果没有人帮助它们，它们将来会灭绝。 考查名词所有格以及动词时态。第一空修饰名词help，应填名词所有格，排除B和C选项。if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”，从句用一般现在时，主语nobody是不定代词，动词用三单，故选D。 14．（23-24八年级上·湖北武汉·期末）Mrs. Brown is a well-known policewoman with ________ and she has many own ________. A．experience; experiences B．experience; experience C．experiences; experience D．experiences; experiences 【答案】A 【详解】句意：布朗太太是一位著名的有经验的女警察，她有许多自己的经验。 考查名词辨析。experience经历（可数），经验（不可数）。根据“Mrs. Brown is a well-known policewoman with”可知，此处指有经验的女警察，不可数名词无复数形式。根据“many”可知，第二空填复数名词，故选A。 15．（23-24八年级上·甘肃酒泉·期末）The post office is about five ________ walk from here. A．minute B．minutes C．minutes’ D．minute’s 【答案】C 【详解】句意：邮局离这儿步行大约五分钟。 考查名词所有格。minute分钟；minutes分钟（复数）；minutes’复数所有格；minute’s单数所有格。基数词five后应该用可数名词minute的复数minutes，故排除A、D项。空处修饰名词walk，应该用minutes的所有格minutes’。故选C。 代词常考点易错点 人称代词 人称代词的人称、数和格，如下表所示。 第一人 称单数 第二人 称单数 第三人称单数 第一人称复数 第二人称复数 第三人称复数 阳性 阴性 中性 主格 I(我) you (你) he(他) she(她) it(它) we(我们) you(你们) they (他们，她们，它们) 宾格 me(我) you (你) him(他) her(她) it(她) us(我们) you(你们) them (他们，她们，它们) *单数人称代词并列做主语时，其顺序为：第二人称→第三人称→第一人称you→he/she/it→ I。如： You, he and I are good friends. 你我他都是好朋友。 物主代词 表示所有关系的代词叫物主代词。物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词，如下表所示： 第一人 称单数 第二人 称单数 第三人称单数 第一人称复 数 第二人称复数 第三人称复数 阳性 阴性 中性 形容 词性 my (我的) your (你的) his (他的) her (她的) its (它的) our (我们的) your (你们的) their (他们的，她们的，它们的) 名词 性 mine (我的) yours (你的) his (他的) hers (她的) its (她的) ours (我们的) yours (你们的) theirs(他们的，她们的，它们的) *形容词性物主代词+名词=名词性物主代词。如：Li Lei’s father is taller than mine. (mine=my father) 反身代词 第一人 称单数 第二人 称单数 第三人称单数 第一人称复数 第二人称复数 第三人称复数 阳性 阴性 中性 myself (我自己) yourself (你自己) himself (他自己) herself (她自己) itself (它自己) ourselves (我们自己) yourselves (你们自己) themselves (他们/她们/它们自己) *enjoy oneself玩得高兴，过得愉快；hurt oneself 伤着自己；teach oneself=learn...by oneself 自学；(all) by oneself (完全)独立地；help oneself to请自便，随便吃……；look after oneself=take care of oneself自理，照顾自己；leave one by oneself 把……单独留下；lose oneself in 陶醉于，沉浸于；dress oneself 穿衣；make oneself at home不拘束，随便；wash oneself 洗澡。 指示代词易错点 this（these），that（those） *that 和those代替前面提到的东西，以避免重复这个名词。 The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Guangzhou *this 在电话用语中代表自己（我），that 则代表对方（你）。如：Hello! This is Mary. Is that Jack speaking? 不定代词易错点 1.both, either与neither both 指“两者都”，表肯定。作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 either 指“两者中的任意一个”。作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数。 neither 指“两者中没有一个”，表否定。作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数。 2.a few, few, a little与little 肯定意义 否定意义 所跟名词 a few一些，几个 few几乎没有 可数名词复数 a little一点儿 little几乎没有 不可数名词 3.other、the other、another、others与the others的用法辨析： ①other意为“其他的、别的”。 ②the other意为“两者中的另一个”。 ③another意为“另外的，再一，又一”，泛指三者或三者以上中的另一个。 ④others泛指“其他的/另外的人/物”(指大部分)，常与some搭配构成“some...others...” ⑤the others表示特指某范围内的“其余的人/物”，(指全部) 4.复合不定代词somebody、something、anything、nothing、everything和everybody的用法辨析： *在句子中当单数使用 修饰复合不定代词的定语，应放在它们的后面someone outside ，nothing much 5.none、no one、nobody的用法辨析 *no one和nobody都表示“没有人”，仅指人---通常以who提问 none表示“没有一个人/物”，可指人也可以指物 --通常以how many\much提问 6.it的用法 形式主语It is not easy to learn a foreign language. 形式宾语I find it difficult to learn English. // He thinks it easy to work out this maths problem. 16．（23-24八年级上·河北保定·期末）My brother joined our English club and introduced ________ to our members. A．himself B．ourselves C．herself D．themselves 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我弟弟加入了我们的英语俱乐部，并向我们的成员做了自我介绍。 考查代词辨析。himself他自己；ourselves我们自己；herself她自己；themselves他们自己。introduce oneself“自我介绍”，根据主语为“My brother”可知，此处用himself。故选A。 17．（23-24八年级上·河北石家庄·期末）The model plane is . I made it by . A．my; me B．my; myself C．mine; me D．mine; myself 【答案】D 【详解】句意：飞机模型是我的。我自己做的。 考查代词辨析。my我的，形容词性物主代词；me我，人称代词宾格；myself我自己，反身代词；mine我的，名词性物主代词。第一空，空格后没有名词，所以此处应用名词性物主代词作表语，排除A和B；第二空，根据空前介词“by”可知，此处考查by oneself“独自地，单独”，介词短语，应用反身代词，排除C。故选D。 18．（23-24八年级上·河北沧州·期末）Think hard and do it by yourself. ________ else can do it for you. A．Nobody B．Everybody C．Somebody D．Anybody 【答案】A 【详解】句意：好好想想，自己去做。没有人能替你做这件事。 考查不定代词。Nobody没有人；Everybody每个人；Somebody某人；Anybody任何人。根据“Think hard and do it by yourself.”可知，后句应说“没有人”能替你做这件事。故选A。 19．（23-24八年级上·江西九江·期末）This sweater is a bit small. Can you show me _________ one? A．the other B．other C．others D．another 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这件毛衣有点小。你能给我看另一件吗？ 考查不定代词。the other两者中另一个；other其他的，后面接名词复数；others其他的人/物；another三者及以上的另一个。根据“This sweater is a bit small. Can you show me…one”可知是指你能给我看另一件吗，服装店中不止两件衣服。故选D。 20．（23-24八年级上·安徽池州·期末）—Hi, Julie! You seem to have a good holiday these days. Did you go ________ at National Day holidays? —Of course. I went to the 19th Asian Games in Hangzhou. A．somewhere interesting B．anywhere interesting C．something interesting D．anything interesting 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你好，朱莉！这些天你似乎过得很愉快，国庆节期间你去了什么有趣的地方吗？——当然。我去了在杭州举行的第19届亚运会。 考查形容词与不定副词。somewhere某地；anywhere任何地方；something某事；anything任何事；interesting有趣的。根据“Did you go...”可知，这里指去了什么有趣的地方，排除选项C和D，该句为一般疑问句，所以用anywhere，形容词修饰不定副词时要放在不定副词的后面，故选B。 21．（23-24八年级上·甘肃白银·期末）—The cake is really delicious. Could I have ________ one? —Sure. Here you are. A．another B．other C．the other D．others 【答案】A 【详解】 句意：——这个蛋糕真的太美味了。我可以再吃一块吗？——当然。给你。 考查代词辨析。another三者或者三者以上的另一个；other其他的；the other指两个人或物中的一个；others其他人或者物。根据“The cake is really delicious.”可知，想再吃一块蛋糕，此处表示泛指，因此排除C；one为单数，因此选another。故选A。 22．（23-24八年级上·安徽马鞍山·期末）—Do you drink as much coffee as before? —No, ________ at all. Because my sleeping problem is getting worse. A．none B．nothing C．little D．a little 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你喝的咖啡和以前一样多吗？——没有，一点也没有。因为我的睡眠问题越来越严重了。 考查代词辨析。none没有；nothing没有什么；little几乎没有；a little一点儿。根据“Because my sleeping problem is getting worse.”可知，睡眠困难，所以应是没有喝咖啡了，none at all“一点也没有”，固定短语，故选A。 23．（23-24八年级上·湖北荆州·期末）—You don’t look fine. What happened? —When I had my lunch, I sat at the table with smokers on ________ sides of me. A．both B．all C．either D．neither 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你看起来不太好。发生了什么事？——当我吃午饭时，我坐在桌子旁，两边都是吸烟者。 考查代词辨析。both两个都；all所有（三者或以上）；either任意一个（两者之中）；neither两者都不。根据“You don’t look fine.”和“When I had my lunch, I sat at the table with smokers on...sides of me”可知，坐在桌子旁吃饭时，“我”的两边都是吸烟的人，所以“我”看起来不太好。故选A。 24．（23-24八年级上·安徽安庆·期末）There are tall trees on ________ sides of the road. A．all B．both C．either D．neither 【答案】B 【详解】句意：路的两边都是高大的树。 考查代词。all全部（三者及以上）；both两者都；either两者中的一个；neither两者都不。路有两边，排除A；结合复数名词sides可知，应用both。故选B。 25．（23-24八年级上·湖北·期末）—________ sugar do we need?     —Just ________. We don’t need much. A．How many; a few B．How much; a little C．How many; a little D．How much; a few 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我们需要多少糖？——只要一点。我们不需要太多。 考查特殊疑问句和不定代词。How many多少，修饰可数名词；How much多少，修饰不可数名词；a few少许，修饰可数名词；a little一点，修饰不可数名词。此处两个空都是修饰sugar，不可数名词。故选B。 形容词、副词常考点易错点 *形容词修饰something, anything, nothing, everything等复合不定代词时，须放在其后 *多个形容词作定语时的排序 请记住“限观形龄颜国材”，如果这几个字不好记，就记“县官行令宴国才”。 1.*-ing形容词和-ed形容词的比较：-ing形容词表示主动意义，多修饰事或物，多指事物影响到人，意为“使人（感到）……的”；而-ed 形容词往往带有被动含义，修饰人，多指人受到事物的影响，意为“感到……的”，常用于“sb.+ -ed形容词”结构，有时也做定语用。 2.*形容词常用句型： （1）“It’s +adj.+of+sb.+不定式”表示“某人（做某事）怎么样”。It’s very kind of you to help me. =You are very kind to help me. （2）“It’s+adj.+for+sb.+不定式”表示“做某事对某人来说怎么样”。It’s not easy for them to learn a foreign language. 3.*辨析 too much与much too的用法辨析：too much表示“太多的”，修饰事物数量；much too表示“太过，过分”，修饰形容词或副词。如：That coat is much too dear. // I am full because I have had too much rice. lonely与alone的用法辨析：lonely是表示心理活动的形容词，意思是：“孤独的，寂寞的”alone的意思是：“独自的，单独的” He lives alone but he doesn’t feel lonely. // He is a lonely person. You can not easily get on well with him. 4.修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或整个句子，用来说明事情发生的时间、地点、原因、方式等含义的词叫做副词。如：Unluckily he hurt his leg. // He runs too fast. // They often laugh loudly. 比较级和最高级 如何判断比较级和最高级 注意 easier就是比较级 可以用much修饰 more easier 是错的 一、比较等级的判断方法 1. 原级的判断 (1)由表示程度的副词very, so, too, enough, quite等修饰时，用形容词原级。如：The film is too boring. 这部电影太无聊了。 (2)表示两者在某一方面相同或不同时用原级。具体用法如下 1) A＋be/动词＋as＋原级＋as＋B，意为“A与B一样……”，表示相同或相等。 My best friend is as tall as her mother. 我最好的朋友和她妈妈一样高。 2) A＋be＋not＋so/as＋原级＋as＋B，意为“A不及B那样……”，表示不如或不相等。 This red skirt is not so/as beautiful as that blue one. 这条红色的短裙不如那条蓝色的漂亮。 3) A＋be/动词＋倍数＋as＋原级＋as＋B，表示“A是B的……倍” (常见倍数：一半half，一倍once，两倍twice，三倍及以上：数字＋times)。 Our school is twice as large as theirs. 我们学校是他们学校的两倍大。 4) as＋原级＋as＋用作比喻的名词，意为“像……一样……”，此结构可形成许多习惯用语，多用于口语。He is as busy as a bee.他像蜜蜂一样忙碌。 2. 比较级的判断 (1)表示两者进行比较时用比较级。( than ) (2)由表程度的副词a little, a bit, a few, a lot, much, even, still, far, rather, any等修饰，用形容词或副词的比较级 It is much hotter today. 今天要热得多。 3. 最高级的判断 (1)表示三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时，用最高级形式。形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the， 副词最高级前可以不加。句末常跟一个in/of/among 短语来表示范围。He is the tallest boy in our class. *不规则变化（好坏多少老远） 原 级 比较级 最高级 good好的 better更好的 best最好的 well好；(身体)好的 bad,badly糟糕的，糟糕地 worse更糟糕的，更糟糕地；(身体)更不舒服的 worst最糟糕的，最糟糕地；(身体)最不舒服的 ill(身体)不舒服的 many许多的(可数) more更多的；更 most最多的；最 much许多的(不可数)；非常 little少的 less更少的 least最少的 old旧的，老的，年长的 older较旧的，较老的 oldest最旧的，最老的 elder较年长的 eldest最年长的 far远的；远地 farther(指距离)更远的；更远地 farthest(指距离)最远的/地 further(指程度)进一步的/地 furthest(指程度)最深刻的/地 26．（23-24八年级上·河北保定·期末）After taking exercise, Tom is much ________ than before. A．strong B．stronger C．strongest D．the strongest 【答案】B 【详解】句意：锻炼后，汤姆比以前强壮多了。 考查形容词的比较级。strong强壮的；stronger比较级；strongest最高级；the strongest定冠词+最高级。根据空后“than before”可知，此处应用形容词strong的比较级stronger。故选B。 27．（23-24八年级上·河北承德·期末）If it ________ tomorrow, we ________ on a trip. A．is rain; go B．is rainy; are go C．isn’t rainy; will go D．isn’t rain; will go 【答案】C 【详解】句意：如果明天不下雨，我们就去旅行。 考查if条件句。此处是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循主将从现原则，排除选项A和B；be动词后用形容词作表语，故选C。 28．（23-24八年级上·江苏南京·期末）—Would you like to move to the city and live with us, Granny? —Thank you, dear. But for me, the life here is ________ than that in the city. A．comfortable B．more comfortable C．less comfortable D．uncomfortable 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——奶奶，你想搬到城里和我们住在一起吗？——谢谢你，亲爱的。但对我来说，这里的生活比城市里的生活更舒适。 考查形容词比较级。comfortable舒适的；more comfortable更舒适的；less comfortable不太舒适的；uncomfortable不舒适的。根据“But for me, the life here is…than that in the city.”可知，奶奶认为乡村的生活比城市的更舒适，故选B。 29．（23-24八年级下·四川广元·期末）—Do you know Shanghai is one of ________ in the world? —Yes, it’ s bigger than ________ city in China. A．the biggest city; other B．the biggest cities; other C．the biggest city; any other D．the biggest cities; any other 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你知道上海是世界上最大的城市之一吗？——是的，它比中国任何其他城市都大。 考查比较级。第一句是“one of the+最高级+复数名词”的结构，表示“最……之一”，排除A/C选项；other其他的，后接复数名词；any other任何其他的，后接单数名词，结合第二空后的名词“city”可知，此处需用any other修饰。故选D。 30．（23-24八年级下·四川凉山·期末）Of all the subjects, math seems to be ________ for her. A．difficult B．too difficult C．more difficult D．the most difficult 【答案】D 【详解】句意：在所有科目中，数学对她来说似乎是最难的。 考查最高级。根据“Of all the subjects”可知，三者以上的比较，应用最高级，此处应用the most difficult。故选D。 31．（23-24八年级上·江苏泰州·期末）We all know that a day has 24 hours. But over a billion years ago, the days were much ________, lasting ________ than 19 hours. A．longer; less B．shorter; fewer C．shorter; less D．longer; fewer 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们都知道一天有24小时。但在10亿多年前，白天要短得多，持续时间不到19小时。 考查形容词词义辨析。longer更长；less更少，常与than构成短语，意为“少于”，修饰时间、钱等；shorter更短；fewer更少，常修饰复数名词。根据“19 hours”可知，此处是说10亿多年前，白天要短得多，少于19小时，故第一空应用shorter，第二空用less。故选C。 32．（23-24八年级上·安徽安庆·期末）My brother is three years ________ than me. He is ________ young ________ go to school. A．young; too; to B．younger; enough; to C．younger; too; to D．young; so; that 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我的弟弟比我小三岁。他太小了而不能去上学。 考查形容词比较级及副词用法。根据“than”一词可知，空处需填比较级，故排除选项A和D；根据“...young...go to school”可知，空处是指“太小而不能上学”，需用too...to...结构，表示“太……而不能……”。故选C。 33．（23-24八年级上·云南昆明·期末）—Emily is ________ of all the students. —That’s why she is the top student in her class. A．hard-working B．more hard-working C．much hard-working D．the most hard-working 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——艾米丽是所有学生中最努力的。——这就是为什么她是班上的尖子生。 考查最高级。根据“of all the students”可知，这里是三者以上的比较，应用形容词最高级，故选D。 34．（23-24八年级上·安徽宣城·期末）________ you work, ________ grades you will get. A．The more; the better B．The harder; the better C．The hard; the good D．The hardest; the best 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你工作越努力，你就越能取得更好的成绩。 考查比较级的用法。根据“... you work, ... grades you will get”可知，此处是“the+比较级+主谓，the+比较级+主谓”的结构，表示“越……，就越……”，排除C、D选项。more更多的；harder更努力地。由“work”可知，空一处是努力工作，用hard的比较级harder，排除A选项。故选B。 35．（23-24八年级上·安徽阜阳·期末）Big Head Son and Small Head Father is ________ Tom and Jerry. I like both of them. A．as boring as B．not so boring as C．not so interesting as D．as interesting as 【答案】D 【详解】句意：《大头儿子，小头爸爸》和《猫和老鼠》一样有趣。我两个都喜欢。 考查形容词原级的用法。as boring as和……一样无聊；not so boring as不如……无聊；not so interesting as不如……有趣；as interesting as和……一样有趣。根据“I like both of them”可知，两个都很有趣，我都喜欢。故选D。 36．（23-24八年级上·安徽黄山·期末）—Mom, would you buy me a bike like that? Please! —Of course. We can buy ________ one, but ________ it. A．a better one; better than B．a cheaper one; not better than C．a cheaper one; as good as D．a better one; not as good as 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——妈妈，你可以给我买一辆那样的自行车吗？求你了！——当然可以。我们能买一辆便宜一点的，但是却和它一样好的。 考查比较级辨析和原级结构用法。better更好的；cheaper更便宜的；as good as和……一样好。根据“We can buy...one, but...it.”可知，前后句为在转折关系，故可推测空一应用“更便宜点”，cheaper符合语境；同时转折表达“虽便宜但质量一样好”，故“as good as”符合语境。故选C。 37．（23-24八年级上·江西景德镇·期末）—How can I finish the book report? —You can read the book every day. ________ careful you are, ________ you’ll write. A．The less; the better B．The more; the good C．The less; the well D．The more; the better 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我怎样才能完成读书报告? ——你可以每天读这本书。你越细心，写得就越好。 考查形容词比较级的用法。分析句子结构可知，此处是“The+比较级+主语+谓语, the+比较级+主语+谓语.”句式，表示“越……，就越……”，所以空格处要用形容词比较级，且根据常识可知，人越细心，写得就越好。故选D。 38．（14-15九年级上·云南文山·阶段练习）—Does my question sound ________ enough? —I don’t think so. You can ask more ________ by using “could” instead of “can”. A．polite; politely B．politely; polite C．politely; politely D．polite; polite 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我的问题听起来够礼貌吗？——我不这么认为。你可以用“could ”而不是“can”来更礼貌地提问。 考查词义辨析。polite礼貌的，形容词；politely礼貌地，副词。第一空前是系动词sound，后接形容词作表语，排除BC；第二空修饰动词ask，应用副词。故选A。 39．（23-24八年级上·河北石家庄·期末）Though he studied ________ at school, he can ________ get good grades. A．hard; hardly B．hardly; hardly C．hard; hard D．hardly; hard 【答案】A 【详解】句意：虽然他在学校学习很努力，但他很难取得好成绩。 考查副词。hard努力；hardly几乎不。study hard意为“努力学习”，根据“Though he studied”可知第一空指的是努力学习，填hard；再根据“Though”可知，该句存在转折关系，可推测出此处是“几乎不会说这种语言”，所以第二空填hardly，故选A。 40．（23-24八年级上·安徽安庆·期末）Tim, you should take labor (劳动) education ________. It will be helpful in your whole life. A．carefully B．careful C．serious D．seriously 【答案】D 【详解】句意：蒂姆，你应该认真对待劳动教育。这会对你的一生都有帮助。 考查副词和形容词辨析。carefully仔细地；careful仔细的；serious严肃的，认真的；seriously严肃地，认真地。根据“It will be helpful in your whole life.”劳动教育会让你受益一生，可推测此处指“认真”对待劳动教育，应用其副词形式修饰谓语动词take，“take sth. seriously认真对待某事”。故选D。 41．（23-24八年级上·湖北·期末）He didn’t read the book ________, although he had ________. A．careful enough; enough time B．carefully enough; enough time C．enough careful; time enough D．enough carefully; enough time 【答案】B 【详解】句意：尽管他有足够的时间，但他没有足够仔细地读这本书。 考查副词的用法以及enough的用法。enough修饰形容词或副词时，通常放在形容词或副词之后；修饰名词时，前后位置均可。第一个空修饰动词read要用副词carefully，且enough修饰副词carefully时要位于其后；第二空enough修饰名词time，要位于名词time之前。故选B。 数词常考点 基数词 1. 十位数与个位数之间要加连字符号“-”。如：28-twenty-eight; 96-ninety-six。 2.百位和十位（若无十位则和个位）之间加and。如：136-one hundred and thirty-six; 601-six hundred and one。 3.1000以上的数字（即多位数），从后往前数每三位加一个逗号“，”第一个逗号前为千（thousand），第二个逗号前为百万（million），第三个逗号前为billion（十亿）。如： 1, 172, 651读作：one million, one hundred and seventy-two thousand six hundred and fifty-one。 4.hundred百；thousand千；million百万；billion十亿的用法： hundred，thousand，million，billion表示确定的数目时，直接在它们前面加基数词。表示不确切数字，如成百上千，成千上万，三三两两等时，要在它们后面加-s，并且要与of连用。如： There are eight hundred students in our school. 在我们学校有八百个学生。 There are hundreds of people in the hall. 大厅里有数以百计的人。 5. “在20世纪30年代”是in the 1930’s或in the 1930s 6.基数词用于表达分数：（子基母序，分子大于1，分母要加s） 分数是由基数词和序数词构成的。分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子大于“1”，分母则加“s”。如： ①1/3 one third或a third；②3/4 three fourths或 three quarters； 7.基数词与another, more连用时，表示在已有基础上再增加一定数量。如： another five hours另外五个小时；two more hours 两个多小时 8.在他30多岁十 in his thirties 序数词 序数词构成顺口溜：序数词很好记，基数词后再加th；8少t 9去e，面目全非1/2/3；ve结尾5和2(12)，换成f须仔细；若是几十几的数，前半基来后半序；遇到ty结尾词，把y变ie再加th。 *如果序数词前出现不定冠词a或an时，表示“又一，再一”。如： We have tried it four times. Must we try it a fifth time? 我们已经试过了四次，我们还必须再试一次吗？（第五次） 42．（23-24八年级上·河北承德·期末）We can see ________ people ________ there. A．hundred; dance B．hundreds; to dance C．hundred of; danced D．hundreds of; dancing 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们可以看到数以百计的人在那里跳舞。 考查数词。hundred百，表示确切数目时不用复数形式，但表示概数时必须用复数形式并且与of连用。see sb doing sth“看见某人做某事”，故选D。 43．（23-24八年级上·安徽芜湖·期末）There are ________ of students in our school but only ________ of them are girls. A．hundreds; two hundred B．hundreds; two hundreds C．hundred; two hundreds D．hundred; two hundred 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们学校有数百名学生，但其中只有200名是女生。 考查数词用法。hundred后有of，词尾必须加s，表示概数，即“数以百计的”；前有具体数字，不能加s，表示准确的数字。故选A。 44．（23-24八年级上·广东广州·期末）There are _________ stars in the sky but we can only see about six _________ stars. A．a large amount of; thousand B．a large number of; thousand C．a large amount of; thousands D．a large number of; thousands 【答案】B 【详解】句意：天空中有很多星星，但我们只能看到大约6000颗星星。 考查词汇辨析。a large amount of大量的，修饰不可数名词；a large number of许多，修饰可数名词复数；thousand千，前面有具体数词时，thousand不能用复数形式。第一个空后面的stars是可数名词，故用a large number of。第二个空前面有具体的数字six，故用thousand。故选B。 45．（23-24八年级上·广东广州·期末）My grandpa is nearly ________ years old.We will celebrate his ________ birthday next month. A．seventy; seventy B．seventy; seventieth C．seventieth; seventy D．seventieth; seventieth 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我的外公近乎70岁。我们下个月将会为他庆祝他70岁生日。 本题数词的用法。seventy七十，基数词；seventieth第七十，序数词。表达年龄应用基数词seventy；第70个生日应用序数词seventieth。故选B。 46．（23-24八年级上·天津滨海新·期末）The flat has ________ floors and Mr. Black lives on the ________ floor with his family. A．twelve; twelve B．twelve; twelfth C．twelfth; twelfth D．twelfth; twelve 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这套公寓有12层，布莱克先生和他的家人住在第12层。 考查数词的用法。twelve十二，基数词；twelfth第十二，序数词。根据“The flat has…floors”可知，空后为名词复数floors，此处表示公寓的层数，表示数量，应用基数词，第一个空应填基数词twelve；根据“Mr. Black lives on the…floor with his family”可知，on the…floor“第几层”，此处表示顺序，应用序数词，第二个空应填序数词twelfth。故选B。 介词常考点 1.时间介词 at / in / on ★at表示在某个时刻或黎明、正午、黄昏、午夜前。如：at 7:00；at noon；at midnight等。 ★in表示在一段时间里(如：某个世纪，季节，某年，某月，上午，下午，晚上等)（在将来时句子中则表示在一段时间之后）。如：in summer；in 2013；in three days；in May；in winter；in the morning；in the afternoon等。 ★on表示在具体的某一天或者某一天的某一段时间。如：on Monday；on the morning of June 1st；on a cold day；on Monday；on July 1st；on Sunday morning 等。 2.其他介词易错点 （1）across / through表示“通过，穿过”时的用法区别： ★across意为“横过，穿过”，指从物体表面的一边到另一边。如：Go across the bridge and you will see the cinema. ★through意为“穿过，通过”，指从某一物体空间内通过。如：The moon shone in through the window. 47．（23-24八年级上·陕西西安·期末）Dennis said sorry for being late again because he ________ leave home ________ 7: 00 a. m. this morning. A．isn’t, until B．wasn’t, at C．doesn’t, at D．didn’t, until 【答案】D 【详解】句意：丹尼斯对再次迟到表示抱歉，因为他今天早上7点才离开家。 考查动词时态及介词词义辨析。at在(某时间或时刻)；until直到……为止，到……时。根据第一个空空后的“leave”为实义动词可知，其否定应借助助动词do，所以可排除A项和B项；根据“Dennis said sorry for being late again”及“this morning”可知，从句时态为一般过去时，所以可排除C；not...until...“直到……才……”，固定句式。故选D。 48．（23-24八年级上·四川达州·期末）—What are you planning to do _____ four years? —I’ll go to college! I’ll be there _____ four years. A．in; for B．in; in C．for; for D．for; in 【答案】A 【详解】——四年后你打算做什么？——我要上大学！我将在大学呆四年。 考查介词。in接段时间，表示一段时间后，一般使用将来时；for接段时间，表示持续一段时间。第一空，表示四年后，所以是in，第二空表示持续四年，所以是for。故选A。 49．（23-24八年级上·江苏泰州·期末）—________ awful weather! It’s snowing so heavily. —It’s dangerous to drive ________ a snowy morning, but you can walk there. A．What; on B．What an; on C．What an; in D．How; in 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——多么糟糕的天气啊！正在下大雪。——在下雪的早晨开车很危险，但你可以步行去那里。 考查感叹句和时间介词。in用于年/月/季节/泛指的上/下午/晚上前；on用于具体的某一天/具体某一天的上/下午/晚上前。根据“...awful weather!”可知，此句为感叹句，weather是不可数名词，awful是形容词，修饰名词weather，需用what引导感叹句，其结构为“what+形容词+不可数名词”，故第一个空应是What；根据“a snowy morning”可知，这里morning前有具体的修饰词，指的是具体的某一天的早上，故第二个空用on。故选A。 50．（23-24八年级上·重庆沙坪坝·期末）________ Friday night, they are going to meet ________ 5 o’clock to join in Tina’s housewarming party. A．On; on B．On; at C．In; in D．In; at 【答案】B 【详解】句意：星期五晚上，他们将在5点见面，参加蒂娜的乔迁派对。 考查时间介词辨析。on 后接具体的某一天；in 后接“年、月、季节”；at 后接具体的时刻点。根据“Friday night”，可知是指“星期五晚上”，应用介词on；根据“5 o’clock”，可知是指“5点钟”，应用介词at。故选B。 连词常考点 1.并列连词 and “和”，表并列或顺承关系 I often play volleyball with my friends, and I like reading too. but “但是”，表转折关系 I’d love to, but I’m afraid I have no time. while“然而”。 He’s a worker while his wife is a doctor. so “因此，所以”，表因果关系 The dress was very expensive, so I didn’t buy it. or “或者”，表选择关系 Do you go to school by bus or on foot? “否则”，表条件关系 Hurry up, or you’ll miss the plane. 注意：表并列关系的肯定句中用and，否定句中用or。 2.并列连词短语 neither...nor... 两者都不…… Neither he nor his children like fish. not only...but also... 不仅……而且…… My mum not only helps clean the rooms for my grandparents but also does some shopping for them. either...or... 或者……或者…… Either you or he is wrong. both...and... 两者都…… Both Simon and David are ready to take on new challenges. 注意：neither...nor..., either...or..., not only...but also...连接两个并列成分作主语时，谓语动词要和最近的主语保持一致，即就近原则；both...and...连接两个并列成分作主语时，谓语动词只能用复数。 3.从属连词（引导从句） 1. 引导时间状语从句的从属连词 when “当……时”。从句用一般过去时，主句用过去的某种时态 Sorry, I was out when you called me. while “正当……时”。while引导的从句中，谓语动词必须是延续性动词，且常用进行时It began to rain while we were walking in the park. until “直到……”常用在“not...until...” 结构中，表示“直到……才……”Peter didn’t show up until the meeting had begun. as soon as“一…就…”。主句和从句的时态遵循“主将从现”原则 I’ ll visit you as soon as I come back. 2. 引导条件状语从句的从属连词 if “如果”。 if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时 If he has time tomorrow, he will attend the meeting. unless “除非，如果不”。unless可以转化为“if...not...”结构。主从句时态同if用法一致 He won’ t finish the work unless he works hard. 3. 引导原因状语从句的从属连词 because 不能与so连用 I didn’t accept his help because I wanted to try it myself. 4. 引导让步状语从句的从属连词(短语) though/ although 虽然；尽管”。不能与but同时使用 Although/Though the cinema had a big car park, I could not find a space to park my car. 5. 引导结果状语从句的从属连词(短语) so...that... “如此……以至于……”，so修饰的中心词是形容词或副词，结构为“so＋adj./adv.＋that...”，常与too...to...结构互换 She is so tired that she can’t go any farther.＝She is too tired to go any farther. such...that... “如此……以至于……”， such修饰的中心词是名词，结构为 “such＋a/an＋adj.＋可数名词单数＋that...”或“such＋adj.＋不可数名词/可数名词复数＋that...” It’s such a fine day that many people go to the park for fun. 51．（22-23八年级上·广西河池·期末）— Can you come to my party? — I’d love to, ________ I have to visit my grandparents. A．and B．but C．because D．although 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你能来参加我的聚会吗？——我很想去，但我必须去看望我的祖父母。 考查连词辨析。and和，并列连词，表示并列、递进和顺承关系；but但是，并列连词，表示转折关系；because因为；although尽管，从属连词，引导让步状语从句。根据空前的“I’d love to”和空后的“I have to visit my grandparents”的句意可知，此处句意发生了转折。故选B。 52．（23-24八年级上·北京西城·期末）Betty is only six, ________ she can sing one hundred Chinese songs. A．so B．but C．although D．because 【答案】B 【详解】句意：虽然Betty只有六岁，但是她能唱一百首中文歌曲。 考查连词。so因此；but但是；although虽然；because因为。分析句子可知，前后存在转折关系，用but。故选B。 53．（23-24八年级上·吉林长春·期末）—Let me tell the twins about the result. —There is no need to do so. ________ Lucy ________ Lily have heard about it. A．Both; and B．Neither; nor C．Not only; but also D．Either; or 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——让我告诉双胞胎的结果。——没有必要这样做。露西和莉莉都听说了。 考查并列连词词义辨析。both…and两者都；neither…nor既不……也不；not only…but also不但……而且；either...or要么……要么。根据题中“There is no need to do so.”可知露西和莉莉都听说了。both…and作主语时，谓语应用复数形式，当其余的作主语时，谓语遵循“就近一致”原则，即谓语由离其最近的名词单复数决定，根据题干中have可知谓语动词用复数形式，故应用both…and。故选A。 动词分类 54．（23-24八年级上·河北保定·期末）—Whose schoolbag is this? —It ________ be Peter’s, but I’m not sure. A．need B．can C．must D．might 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——这是谁的书包？——这可能是彼得的，但我不确定。 考查情态动词辨析。need需要；can能；must一定；might可能。根据“but I’m not sure”并结合选项可知，此处指没有把握的推测，might符合。故选D。 55．（23-24八年级上·河北承德·期末）I think I ________ be a singer when I grow up. But I’m not sure. A．need B．might C．should D．must 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我想我长大后可能会当一名歌手。但我不确定。 考查情态动词。need需要；might可能；should应该；must必须。根据“But I’m not sure.”可知，此处应用might表示没有把握的推测。故选B。 56．（23-24八年级上·江苏南京·期末）—Where are you going on a school trip this term, Simon? —I’m not sure. We ________ visit Qixia Hill. Autumn is the best time to go there. A．must B．will C．should D．may 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——西蒙，这学期你们学校旅行去哪里？——我不确定。我们可能参观栖霞山。秋天是去那里的最佳时间。 考查情态动词辨析。must必须；will将会；should应该；may可能。根据“I’m not sure.”可知，西蒙对学校旅行的目的地不是很确定，用may表示可能性不大的推测。故选D。 57．（23-24八年级下·北京朝阳·期末）The flowers ________ very sweet. Let’s go for a walk in the garden. A．smell B．look C．feel D．taste 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这些花闻起来很香。我们去花园里散散步吧。 考查动词辨析。smell闻起来；look看起来；feel感觉；taste尝起来。根据“The flowers...very sweet. Let’s go for a walk in the garden.”可知，花闻起来很香。故选A。 动词时态常考点 五种常考时态的构成及用法 一般现在时 结构 1.主语＋am/is/are＋其他 2.主语＋动词原形/动词单三形式＋其他 标志词 1.频度副词：always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never, hardly 2.频率词组：once a year, twice a month, three times a day等 3.其他词组：on Sundays, at/on weekends, every day/year...(every系列) 一般过去时 结构 主语＋was/were或动词过去式＋其他 标志词 1.ago及ago词组 2.yesterday及yesterday词组 3.last及last词组 4.just now, in the past, in 1920等 5.at the age of..., used to... 6.one day, long long ago 一般将来时 结构 1.主语＋will/shall＋动词原形＋其他2.主语＋be going to＋动词原形＋其他 标志词 1.tomorrow, soon 2.next week/month...(next系列) 3.in a week, in 2022, in＋一段时间 4.one day, in the(near) future 现在进行时 结构 主语＋am/is/are＋动词现在分词＋其他 标志词 1.now, right now 2.at present, at this time, at the/this moment 3.these days 4.when, while 5.Look! Listen！ 过去进行时 结构 主语＋was/were＋动词现在分词＋其他 标志词 1.then 2.at that time, at ten yesterday, at this time yesterday 3.when/while引导的表示过去时间的状语从句 58．（23-24八年级上·河北保定·期末）Bob ________ a delicious cake for his mother on her birthday party yesterday. A．made B．make C．will make D．making 【答案】A 【详解】句意：鲍勃昨天在他妈妈的生日聚会上为她做了一个美味的蛋糕。 考查一般过去时。根据“yesterday”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，谓语动词make“制造；做”应用其过去式made。故选A。 59．（23-24八年级上·河北保定·期末）My grandmother ________ here for 10 years, so she knows well about her neighbourhood. A．lives B．has lived C．will live D．was living 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我祖母在这里住了10年，所以她很了解她所在的社区。 考查时态及主谓一致。根据“for 10 years”可知，此处应用现在完成时，空处所在句的主语为“My grandmother”，所以谓语用三单形式。故选B。 60．（23-24八年级上·辽宁阜新·期末）—We ________ a picnic in the park when it began to rain. —Sounds bad! A．had B．will have C．are having D．were having 【答案】D 【详解】 句意：——我们正在公园野餐时，天开始下雨了。——听起来很糟糕！ 考查过去进行时。根据从句“when it began to rain”可知，此时是强调正在公园里野餐的时候开始下雨了，需要用进行时态，从句是一般过去时，主句则用过去进行时。故选D。 61．（23-24八年级上·安徽安庆·期末）—Why are you in such a hurry, Mike? —There ________ an exciting football game in ten minutes. A．will be B．will have C．is going to have D．are going to be 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你为什么这么着急，迈克？——十分钟后将有一场激动人心的足球赛。 考查there be的一般将来时。根据“There...an exciting football game in ten minutes.”可知，是there be的一般将来时。由“an exciting football game”可知，主语是单数，排除D选项，另外there be句型不可以和have连用，排除BC，故选A。 62．（23-24八年级上·安徽安庆·期末）—I want to know if it ________ tomorrow. —Don’t worry. If it ________, we will stay at home. A．will rain; rains B．rains; rains C．rains; will rain D．will rain; will rain 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我想知道明天是否会下雨。  ——不要担心。如果下雨，我们将待在家里。 考查动词时态。分析题干可知，第一句if 引导宾语从句，表示“是否”，根据tomorrow可知，句子应该用一般将来时，故填will rain；第二句if引导条件状语从句，应遵循“主将从现”原则，从句用一般现在时。从句中主语为it，应用rain的三人称单数形式。故选A。 63．（23-24八年级上·安徽亳州·期末）— I really want to go to college for further study. — Believe in yourself. If you ________ hard, your dream will come true. A．will study B．studied C．study D．are studying 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我真的很想上大学深造。 ——相信自己。如果你努力学习，你的梦想就会实现。 考查“主将从现”原则。句子是由if 引导的条件状语从句中，如果主句的时态是一般将来时，那么从句要用一般现在时，从句主语是you，动词用原形，故选C。 64．（23-24八年级上·江西九江·期末）In the future, robots _________ the problem of taking care of the old people. A．solved B．will solve C．is solving D．solves 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在未来，机器人将解决照顾老人的问题。 考查时态。根据“In the future”可知，要使用一般将来时will do。故选B。 65．（23-24八年级上·安徽宣城·期末）There ________ a talent show in our school tomorrow. A．is B．will have C．is going to be D．is going to have 【答案】C 【详解】句意：明天学校将会举行一场才艺表演。 考查时态。由“tomorrow”可知本句讲述的是将来发生的动作，用一般将来时；there be的将来时结构为there is/are going to be”或者“there will be”。故选C。 66．（23-24八年级上·安徽宣城·期末）I wonder if Sally ________ to my party next Sunday. If she ________ to my party, I’ll be very happy. A．goes, goes B．will go, will go C．goes, will go D．will go, goes 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我想知道萨莉下星期天是否会去参加我的聚会。如果她去参加我的聚会，我会很高兴的。 考查时态。第一个句子是if引导的宾语从句，根据“next Sunday”可知从句用一般将来时will do；第二个句子是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循主将从现，从句用一般现在时，主语是she，谓语动词用单三。故选D。 67．（23-24八年级上·山东聊城·期末）— What were you doing when it ________to rain? — We ________in the field. A．started; worked B．was starting; worked C．was starting; were working D．started; were working 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——天开始下雨时你在干什么？  ——我们在地里工作。 考查过去进行时。根据“What were you doing when it...to rain?”可知此处when引导的时间状语从句表示一个动作发生时，另一个动作正在进行。start是非延续性动词，应该用一般过去时。问句是过去进行时，答语也应该用过去进行时。故选D。 68．（23-24八年级上·湖北武汉·期末）—Do you know if it ________ tomorrow? —I’ve got no idea. I’m afraid the New Year’s Party will be put off if it ________. A．rains; rains B．will rain; rains C．will rain; will rain D．rains; will rain 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你知道明天会不会下雨吗？——我不知道。如果下雨的话，新年晚会恐怕会推迟。 考查时态。第一个句子是if引导的宾语从句，主句是现在时，根据“tomorrow”可知从句用一般将来时will do；第二个句子是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循主将从现，从句用一般现在时，主语是it，谓语动词用单三。故选B。 非谓语动词易错点 一、不定式的用法 常见接动词不定式作宾语的词或短语有： afford负担得起 agree同意begin开始 choose选择 dare敢 decide决定expect期望 fail失败 forget忘记learn学manage设法完成plan计划prepare准备 pretend假装 promise承诺 refuse拒绝want想要wish/hope希望 等 常见接动词不定式作宾语补足语的词有：V + sb /sth + to do sth advise建议allow允许 ask要求expect期望force强encourage 鼓励invite邀请 teach教 tell告诉 want想要warn警告use使用 等 在一些使役动词和感官动词后， 要把动词不定式结构中的to省略。常用的词或短语有： 五看：watch, see, look at, notice, observe 三使：let, have, make二听：listen to, hear一感觉：feel 二、动名词的用法 常见后接动名词的词 V + doing sth prevent阻止 keep持续avoid避免consider考虑enjoy喜欢mind介意 practice练习suggest建议finish完成 常见后接动名词的词组 spend some time/money (in) doing sth 花费时间/金钱做某事 sth be worth doing值得做某事 be busy (in) doing sth忙于做某事 have difficulty (in) doing sth 做某事有困难 look forward to doing sth 期待做某事 pay attention to doing sth 注意做某事 be/get used to doing sth习惯于做某事 make a contribution to doing sth 为某事做贡献 devote oneself to doing sth 致力于做某事 can’t/couldn’t help doing sth情不自禁做某事have fun (in) doing sth做某事很开心 三、分词的用法 其后可以接现在分词作宾语补足语的动词有see, watch, hear, keep, find等词； 其后可以接过去分词作宾语补足语的动词有have, make, get等词。 I heard Lily singing in the classroom. 现在分词表示正在发生 My father was very glad because I offered to have the washing machine repaired. 过去分词表示被动 69．（23-24八年级上·江苏宿迁·期末）President Xi Jinping delivers a New Year address on Sunday evening, Dec 31, 2023, in Beijing ________ 2024. A．welcome B．welcoming C．welcomed D．to welcome 【答案】D 【详解】句意：2023年12月31日，星期日晚上，习近平主席在北京发表新年致辞，迎接2024年。 考查非谓语动词。根据“delivers a New Year address on Sunday evening, Dec 31, 2023, in Beijing”可知，其目的是“欢迎2024年”，故此处用动词不定式作目的状语。故选D。 70．（23-24八年级上·山东聊城·期末）—Mr Ding, I have some trouble ________ the passage! —You had better ________ it three or four times at least! A．to understand, read B．understanding, to read C．understanding, read D．to understand, to read 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——丁先生，我理解这篇文章有困难！——你最好至少读三四遍！ 考查非谓语动词和情态动词的用法。have trouble doing sth.“做某事有困难”，had better do sth.“最好做某事”。故选C。 71．（23-24八年级上·山东聊城·期末）—Bob, I’m not good at English. What should I do? —Why not ________ an English club to practise ________ English? A．to join, speaking B．join, speaking C．to join, to speak D．join, to speak 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——鲍勃，我英语不好。我该怎么办？——为什么不加入英语俱乐部练习说英语呢？ 考查特殊疑问句和非谓语动词。why not do sth.“为什么不做某事”，practise doing sth.“练习做某事”。故选B。 72．（23-24八年级上·安徽六安·期末）My son plans to join the army. He looks forward to ________ a soldier (军人). A．become B．becoming C．to become D．became 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我儿子计划参军。他期待着成为一名军人。 考查非谓语动词。become成为；becoming成为，动名词；to become成为，动词不定式；became成为，过去式。根据“looks forward to”可知，to为介词，后跟动词ing形式。故选B。 73．（23-24八年级上·河北张家口·期末）He is busy ________ for the sports meeting. A．prepare B．preparing C．to prepare D．prepared 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他正忙着为运动会做准备。 考查非谓语动词。根据be busy doing sth.“忙于做某事”可知，应用动名词。故选B。 74．（23-24八年级上·湖北荆州·期末）—I don’t know ________ a banana milk shake. —No worrying about it. I’ll teach you. A．what to do B．when to make C．how to make D．why to make 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我不知道怎么做香蕉奶昔。——别担心。我会教你的。 考查特殊疑问词。根据“ I’ll teach you.”可知不知道怎么做香蕉奶昔，用how引导。故选C。 75．（23-24八年级上·安徽合肥·期末）Don’t forget ________ the book back on the shelf when you leave the library. A．put B．to putting C．putting D．to put 【答案】D 【详解】句意：你离开图书馆的时候不要忘记把书放回书架上。 考查动词不定式。forget to do sth.“忘记去做某事（事情未做）”；forget doing sth.“忘记做过某事（事情已做）”。根据“Don’t forget...the book back on the shelf when you leave the library.”可知，此处表示“不要忘记把书放回书架上”，是在提醒“去做某事”，即事情还没做，空处应是to put。故选D。 76．（23-24八年级上·江苏泰州·期末）—Would you mind me ________ the door? — ________. It’s much too cold outside. A．open; No, you can’t B．to open; Not at all C．opening; Of course not D．opening; Better not 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你介意我打开门吗？——最好不要。外面太冷了。 考查非谓语动词和情景交际。根据“Would you mind me”可知后接动名词，mind sb doing“介意某人做某事”，排除A、B两个选项；结合“It’s much too cold outside.”可知，应作否定回答，应说“最好不要”。故选D。 77．（23-24八年级上·安徽安庆·期末）—Did you watch the cartoon The Princess and the Frog? —No, but I’m looking forward to ________ it. It is said that it is great. A．watched B．watch C．watching D．watches 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你看了动画片《公主和青蛙》吗？——没有，但我期待着观看它。据说很棒。 考查动名词用法。look forward to“期待”，这里的to是一个介词，后加名词、代词或动名词。故选C。 78．（23-24八年级上·山东淄博·期末）Our teachers often encourage us ________ hard, so we usually regard them ________ our friends easily. A．study; for B．to study; for C．study; as D．to study; as 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们的老师经常鼓励我们努力学习，所以我们通常很容易把他们当成我们的朋友。 考查非谓语动词及介词辨析。for为了；as作为。encourage sb to do“鼓励某人做某事”，动词不定式作宾语补足语，故空一用不定式；regard...as...“把……看作”，动词短语，空二用as。故选D。 79．（23-24八年级上·湖北·期末）________ a foreign language is not easy. We should use it often. A．Learn B．Learn to C．Learning D．To learning 【答案】C 【详解】句意：学习一门外语不容易。我们应该经常使用它。 考查非谓语动词。根据“... a foreign language is not easy.”可知，此处应用动名词作主语，故选C。 80．（23-24八年级上·安徽蚌埠·期末）Local people know birds are ________. They do everything they can ________ these rare birds A．in danger, protect B．dangerous, to protect C．in danger, to protect D．dangerous, protect 【答案】C 【详解】句意：当地人知道鸟类处于危险之中。他们竭尽全力保护这些珍禽。 考查介词短语以及非谓语动词。in danger处于危险中；dangerous危险的。根据“birds are...They do everything they can...these rare birds”可知此处表示鸟类处于危险之中，所以他们竭尽全力去保护这些珍禽，故第一个空用in danger，第二个空用动词不定式作目的状语。故选C。 从句常考点 宾语从句 中考主要考查的知识点有三个：引导词、时态和语序 宾语从句引导词有三种：that；whether/if；特殊疑问词what/which/who/whom/whose/when/where/why/how *在具有选择意义又有or或or not时，尤其是直接与or not连用时，往往用whether，而不用if 宾语从句的时态（主过从过）We asked what Jean was doing then. 我们问Jean那时正在做什么 （主现从任何）I don’t know if he will come tomorrow. 我不知道是否他明天回来 宾语从句的语序 一般疑问句和特殊疑问句改为宾语从句，语序改为陈述语序。如： Does he work hard? I wonder. →I wonder if/whether he works hard. 我想知道他是否努力工作 *【注意】当引导词本身在宾语从句中充当主语时，其语序则保持原来的语序，即“连接代词+谓语”。如： He asked me what was wrong with me. 他问我我怎么啦？（what在从句中作主语） Can you tell me what is the matter? 你能告诉我出了什么事？（what在从句中作主语） I don’t know who is the youngest of them. 我不知道他们中谁最小。（who在从句中作主语） *宾语从句和状语从句的区别（if是否、如果）（when什么时候、当） ---- I don’t know if he will come. 我不知道他是否会来。 ---- He will come if it doesn’t rain. 如果不下雨，他会来的。 ---- Do you know when he will come back tomorrow? 你知道他明天什么时候回来吗？ ---- Sorry, I don’t know. When he comes back, I’ll tell you. 对不起，不知道。当他回来了，我将告诉你。 状语从句 1. 时间状语从句 When I got home, he was having supper. 当我回到家的时候，他正在吃饭。 While I was sleeping, my father came in. 我睡觉时，我的父亲进来了。 Father was cleaning the car while I was playing computer games. 当我正在打电脑游戏时，爸爸在清洗汽车 We won’t start until/till/before Bob comes. 直到鲍勃来我们才会开始 As soon as I reach Canada, I will ring you up. 我一到加拿大，就给你来电话。 *It is+时间+since从句的句型中，主句多用一般现在时。如： It is four years since my sister lived in Beijing. 我妹妹不在北京住有四年了。 2.地点状语从句 是由where(哪里/儿)；wherever(无论何地)；anywhere(无论何处)；everywhere(到处)等从属连词引导的状语从句。如： Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者事竟成。(谚语) Wherever there is smoke, there is fire. 无风不起浪。(谚语) Wherever you go, I go too. 无论你到什么地方，我都去。 3.原因状语从句 I missed the train because I was ill. 我错过了火车因为我生病了。=I missed the train because of my illness 4.条件状语从句（主将从现） As long as I am alive, I will go on studying. 只要我活着, 我就要学习。 Let’s go out for a walk unless you are too tired. 我们出去散步，除非你太累了。 If you are not too tied, let’s go out for a walk. 如果你不太累，让我们出去散散步。 5. 目的状语从句 You must speak louder so that /in order that you can be heard by all. 你必须说大声点，以便大家都能听到。 6. 让步状语从句 Although he is rich, yet he is not happy. 虽然他很富有，然而他并不快乐。 7. 结果状语从句 ① …+so+形容词/副词＋that从句。 He spoke so fast that I couldn’t follow him. 他说得太快，我跟不上他。 ② …+such+a/an+形容词＋单数可数名词＋that从句。 It is such a heavy box that nobody can move it. 这个盒子太重了没有人能够搬动它。 ③ …+such+形容词＋复数可数名词/不可数名词＋that从句。 It is such bad weather that we have to stay at home. 天气是如此恶劣，我们不得不呆在家里。 ④ …+so+形容词＋a/an＋单数可数名词＋that从句。 Tom is so clever a boy that he can answer the question. 汤姆很聪明，他能回答这个问题。 81．（23-24八年级上·河北承德·期末）—Could you tell me ________? —You can take No. 16 bus. A．where shall we go B．how I can get to the Olympic Park C．when I shall meet D．which is the best way to the park 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——您能告诉我怎么去奥林匹克公园吗？——您可以乘坐16路公交车。 考查宾语从句。where shall we go我们去哪里；how I can get to the Olympic Park我怎么去奥林匹克公园；when I shall meet我何时见面；which is the best way to the park哪条路是去公园的最佳路。根据“You can take No. 16 bus.”可知是询问怎么去奥林匹克公园，故选B。 82．（23-24八年级下·云南普洱·期末）—I wonder ________. —Because he thinks it’s enjoyable to make a perfect cup of tea with beautiful tea sets. A．how your grandpa collects tea sets B．how does your grandpa collect tea sets C．why your grandpa loves collecting tea sets D．why does your grandpa love collecting tea sets 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我想知道你爷爷为什么喜欢收集茶具。——因为他认为用漂亮的茶具泡一杯完美的茶很享受。 考查宾语从句。宾语从句用陈述句语序，排除B和D选项。根据答语“Because he thinks it’s enjoyable to make a perfect cup of tea with beautiful tea sets”可知，此处是在询问原因，故选C。 83．（23-24九年级上·吉林长春·期末）—Could you please tell me _______? —It’s next to the post office. A．where the supermarket is B．how we can be healthier C．why so many people like shopping D．what we can buy in the mall 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我超市在哪里吗？——它在邮局旁边。 考查宾语从句。where the supermarket is超级市场在哪；how we can be healthier我们怎样才能更健康；why so many people like shopping为什么如此多的人喜欢购物；what we can buy in the mall我们能在商场买到什么。根据“It’s next to the post office.”可知，是提问地点。故选A。 84．（23-24八年级上·江苏扬州·期末）— Many people are killing sharks (鲨鱼) for money. — If people keep killing sharks, there ________ any of them in the sea some day. A．may not be B．will not have C．don’t have D．aren’t 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——许多人为了钱而捕杀鲨鱼。——如果人们继续捕杀鲨鱼，未来某一天将不会有鲨鱼生活在海洋里了。 考查there be句型及If引导的条件状语从句的时态。根据“If people keep killing sharks, there...any of them in the sea some day.”可知句子考查there be结构，表示“某地有某物”，there be不与have连用，排除BC选项；if引导的条件状语从句用的是一般现在时，主句可用情态动词，遵循“主情从现”原则。故选A。 85．（23-24八年级上·安徽亳州·期末）— We won’t pass the exam ________ we study hard. — That’s why we are trying our best to prepare for the exam. A．although B．unless C．because D．or 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——除非我们努力学习，否则我们不会通过考试。——这是为什么我们要尽全力准备考试。 考查连词。although尽管；unless除非；because因为；or或者。根据“We won’t pass the exam...we study hard.”可知，除非努力学习，否则不会通过考试，空格后面是前面的条件，用unless引导条件状语从句。故选B。 86．（23-24八年级上·山东东营·期末）I looked through my test paper again and again ________ I wouldn’t make any mistakes. A．so B．because C．so that D．make sure 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我一遍又一遍地检查我的试卷，这样我就不会出任何差错了。 考查连词。so因此；because因为；so that以便；make sure确保。句子中的“I wouldn’t make any mistakes”是“I looked through my test paper again and again”的目的，所以用so that引导目的状语从句，故选C。 87．（23-24八年级上·安徽池州·期末）________ I can’t travel around the world now, ________ I can hang out with my families according to TV programs about different countries. A．Although; but B．Although; / C．Although; so D．Because; so 【答案】B 【详解】句意：虽然我现在不能环游世界，但我可以和家人一起看不同国家的电视节目。 考查连词辨析。although和but，because和so不能连用，排除AD；根据常识以及语境可知，although和so也不能连用，排除C。故选B。 88．（20-21九年级下·重庆渝中·阶段练习）My little son won’t go to sleep ________ I tell him a story every night. A．when B．if C．unless D．because 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我的小儿子每晚不给他讲故事就睡不着。 考查连词辨析。when当……时；if如果；unless除非；because因为。“I tell him a story every nigh”是“My little son won’t go to sleep”的否定条件，用unless引导条件状语从句。故选C。 89．（23-24八年级上·江西景德镇·期末）Don’t make a promise easily ________ you are sure you can follow it. A．when B．after C．unless D．although 【答案】C 【详解】句意：不要轻易许下承诺，除非你确信你能做到。 考查连词辨析。when当……时；after在……以后；unless除非；although虽然。根据“you are sure you can follow it.”可知，应说“除非”你确信能做到。故选C。 主谓一致 易错点 1.主语是单数时，尽管后面跟有with, together with, along with, as well as, like, but, except, besides, no less than, more than, rather than, including等介词短语，谓语动词仍用单数。如： Mike with his father has been to England. 迈克同他的父亲去过英格兰。 The students as well as the teacher were present at the meeting. 学生们以及老师都出席了会议。 2由and连接的两个名词作主语，如果是指同一概念（and后没有定冠词）则谓语动词用单数形式。如： Their teacher and friend is Mr. Li. 他们的老师和朋友是李先生。(老师和朋友指同一个人) The writer and teacher is coming. 那位作家兼教师来了。(作家和教师指同一个人) 3、就近一致的原则 指谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式，取决于最靠近他的主语。 （1）由or, either…or…, whether ... or ..., neither…nor…, not only…but also…, not…but… 连接两个名词或代词作主语时，根据就近原则决定谓语动词形式。如： Either my wife or I am going. 要么我妻子去要么我去。 Not the students but I was wrong. 不是学生错了，而是我错了。 Neither you, nor I, nor anyone else knows the answer. 你、我、任何人都不知道答案。 （2）there/here be句型be动词单复数取决于其后的主语。如果其后是由and连接的两个主语，则应与靠近的那个主语保持一致。 Here are the boys I am looking for. 这些就是我正在寻找的男孩。 There is a book and three pens on the desk. 书桌上有一本书和三支钢笔。 4、表示“时间，距离，金钱，重量，数目，长度”等复数名词、词组作主语时，一般被看做一个整体，谓语动词通常用单数形式。如：Twenty miles is a long distance. 20英里是一段很长的距离。 Two months is a long holiday. 两个月是一个长假。 Forty dollars is too expensive for the book. 这本书40美元太贵了。 90．（23-24八年级下·四川广元·期末）—Hurry up! Alex! Once the concert starts, nobody ________ enter the concert hall. —Thank you! A．are allowed to B．is allowed to C．allowed to D．allows to 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——快点！亚历克斯！音乐会一开始，任何人都不允许进入音乐厅。——非常感谢。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。主语nobody是动词allow的承受者，应用被动语态，且由“the concert starts”可知，为一般现在时的被动语态，不定代词作主语，动词用is，故选B。 91．（23-24八年级上·江苏镇江·期末）—Are you going to Shanghai Art Museum this Sunday? —Yes. ________ I ________ my brother is going there. We will start at 2 p. m. A．Both; and B．Neither; nor C．Not only; but also D．Either; or 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——这个星期天你要去上海美术馆吗？——是的。不仅我而且我哥哥也要去那儿。我们将会在下午两点出发。 考查并列连词辨析。both…and…两者都，谓语动词用复数；neither…nor…既不……也不……，遵循就近原则；not only…but also…不仅……而且……，遵循就近原则；either…or…或者……或者，遵循就近原则。根据“We will start at 2 p. m”可推断，答话者和哥哥都要去，根据“is”可知，此处遵循就近原则。故选C。 92．（23-24八年级上·安徽蚌埠·期末）—I’ll drink half of the water. The rest ________ for you, Kate. —Only for us two? ________ the rest going to be unhappy? A．is; Is B．are; Is C．is; Are D．are; Are 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我要喝一半的水。剩下的给你了，凯特。 ——只给我们两个人？剩下的人会不开心吗？ 考查主谓一致。第一空，根据上文“half of the water”可知，此处“The rest”指代剩下的水，water是不可数名词，因此be动词用is；第二空，根据“Only for us two?”可知，此处“the rest”指剩下的人，是复数概念，be动词应用are。故选C。 93．（23-24八年级上·江苏南通·期末）________ I ________ my brother does well in physics. So we often help others with the physics problems. A．Not; but B．Both; and C．/; or D．Not only; but also 【答案】D 【详解】句意：不仅我而且我哥哥的物理也学得很好。所以我们经常帮助别人解决物理问题。 考查连词辨析。Not…but…不是……而是……；Both…and…两者都；or或者；Not only…but also…不但……而且……。根据“So we often help others with the physics problems.”可知，此处指两者的物理都学得很好；根据“does”可知，此处使用not only...but also...，连接并列主语时，谓语动词的数与离它最近的主语“my brother”保持一致。故选D。 94．（23-24八年级上·江苏泰州·期末）The 19th Asian Games took place in Hangzhou. ________ number of Chinese athletes ________ 886 and they won medals in different sports. A．A; are B．A; is C．The; are D．The; is 【答案】D 【详解】句意：第19届亚运会在杭州举行。中国运动员的数量是886，他们在不同的项目中获得了奖牌。 考查主谓一致。根据“886 and they won medals in different sports”可知，第一空表示“运动员的数量”，应用固定搭配the number of sth“某物的数量”；the number of + 复数名词作主语时，应遵循语法一致原则，谓语动词要用单数。故选D。 95．（23-24八年级上·江苏泰州·期末）—The Volunteers: To The War (《志愿军：雄兵出击》) is a wonderful film. —Yeah. ________ my father ________ my mother likes it very much. A．Both; and B．Not only; but also C．Between; and D．Not; or 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——《志愿军：雄兵出击》是一部精彩的电影。——是的。不仅我爸爸而且我妈妈也很喜欢它。 考查连词。Both... and两者都；Not only... but also不仅……而且；Between... and两者之间；Not... or不是……也不是。根据“Yeah”以及“likes it very much”可知是指爸爸和妈妈都喜欢，而likes用的三单形式，可知需用“Not only…but also”（就近原则）。故选B。 96．（23-24八年级上·安徽宣城·期末）—________ do you practice playing soccer? —Twice a week. Practice makes perfect. A．How many B．How much C．How long D．How often 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你多久练习一次足球？——每周两次。熟能生巧。 考查特殊疑问句。How many多少；How much多少；How long多长；How often多久一次。根据“Twice a week”可知应询问多久练习一次足球，故选D。 97．（23-24八年级上·湖北襄阳·期末）— Granpa, you said you wrote to your friends far away when you were young. Then ________ did you write to them? — About twice a month. A．How far B．How often C．How long D．How soon 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——爷爷，你说当你年轻的时候给远方的朋友写信。那么你多久给他们写一次？——大约一个月两次。 考查特殊疑问词辨析。how far多远；how often多久一次；how long多长时间；how soon多久以后。根据“About twice a month”可知此处询问写信的频率，故选B。 98．（23-24八年级上·安徽蚌埠·期末）________ exciting news report it is! A．What B．What an C．How D．How an 【答案】B 【详解】句意：多么激动人心的新闻报道啊！ 考查感叹句。此句为感叹句，中心词report是单数名词，应该用感叹句型：What+a/an+形容词+单数名词+主语+谓语，exciting是以元音音素开头，不定冠词用an。故选B。 99．（23-24八年级上·湖北恩施·期末）________ wonderful concert it was! Many famous musicians played at the concert. A．What B．What a C．How D．How a 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这是一场多么精彩的音乐会啊！许多著名音乐家在音乐会上演奏。 考查感叹句。感叹句结构为“what+(a/an)+adj.+n.+主谓”、“what+(a/an)+n.+主谓”或“how+adj.+(a/an)+n.+谓语”。中心词是wonderful concert，属于what引导的感叹句，concert是可数名词单数，应该有不定冠词。故选B。 100．（23-24八年级上·湖北黄石·期末）— ________ special class we had today! We have learned about Chinese kung fu. — That sounds really interesting. A．What a B．What C．How a D．How 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我们今天上了一堂特别的课！我们学了中国功夫。——听起来很有趣。 考查感叹句。此处是感叹句，强调的中心词是可数名词单数class，用“What+a/an+adj.+可数名词单数+主谓！”句型，故选A。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$