Module10 Unit3宾语从句 课件 2023-2024学年外研版英语八年级下册

1 初中 八年级下册 英语 Module 10 Unit 3 宾语从句 一、宾语从句的概念 宾语从句属于名词性从句，在句中作主句的宾语。 We know Mr Green teaches English. 二、宾语从句三要素 引导词（连接词） 语 序 时 态 Object clause 宾语从句 （由从属连词that引导的宾语从句） 注：that 在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不充当成分，在口语当中往往省略。 Object clauses introduced by that 1. 主句的谓语动词是think，hear，hope，wish，remember，forget，know，say，guess等时，常接that引导的宾语从句。如： I hope (that) he will be fine soon． 我希望他很快好起来。 I remember that you told me you didn’t have a brother. 我记得你告诉我，你没有哥哥。 2. 主句由“连系动词＋形容词”构成的“系表”结构，常接that引导的宾语从句。这类形容词多表示感情，如happy，glad， pleased，sad，sure，afraid等。如： I’m afraid (that) he can’t come． 恐怕他不能来了。 I am sure that I will realize my dream one day! 我相信总有一天我会实现我的梦想! 1. 语序 不论什么情况下，宾语从句都要用陈述语序，即“主语＋谓语＋其它”。如： Do you think? The radio is too noisy.(合并成主从句) →Do you think (that) the radio is too noisy? 你认为收音机太吵吗？ that引导的宾语从句的相关内容 2. 时态 that引导的宾语从句，主句用一般现在时，从句可以用符合句意要求的任一时态。如： He says (that) they have returned already． 他说他们已经回来了。 He tells me that he was born in 1985． 他告诉我他生于1985年。 如果主句用一般过去时，从句要用过去时态的某种形式 （一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）。如： He said (that) he bought a new dictionary． 他说他买了本新词典。 I knew they were studying English． 我知道他们正在学英语。 注：如果从句表达的是客观事实、真理、自然现象、名言、警句、格言、谚语等等，尽管主 句用一般过去时，从句也要用一般现在时。如： Our teacher told us that light travels faster than sound． 我们老师告诉我们，光比声音传播得快。 He said that time is life． 他说时间就是生命。 1. He can pass the exam. (I don’t think …) I don’t think that he can pass the exam. We’re sure that Justin will win the match. 2. Justin will win the match. (We’re sure …) Join these sentences. 3. Earth moves around the Sun. (The teacher told us …) The teacher told us that Earth moves around the Sun. Combine the two sentences into one. (1) What happened then? Could you explain? → Could you explain what happened then? (2) How is she different? Can you tell me? → Can you tell me how she’s different? (3) Have you mentioned this to her? Could I ask if ? → Could I ask if you’ve mention this to her? (4) Why does she treat you like that? Do you know why? → Do you know why she treats you like that? (5) Who was she? I did not know that. → I did not know who she was. (6) Why did she smile at me that day? I asked her about it. → I asked her why she smiled at me that day. ◆if、 whether引导的宾语从句      当由陈述句充当宾语从句时，常由that来引导，其中that在句中没有任何实际意义，通常可以省略；当由一般疑问句充当宾语从句时，常由if或whether来引导，if或whether在句中意为“是否”。如： if或whether引导宾语从句时，作“是否”讲，常放在ask，see，say，know和find out等动词（组）后面。一般情况下，两者常可换用，在口语中多用if。如： Nobody knows whether / if it will rain tomorrow. 没有人知道明天是否下雨。 if或whether引导宾语从句时，要注意三个方面，即连词、语序和时态。 (1) if或whether不能和that 或其他连词（副词）同时使用，也不能省略。如： 【译】 我不知道他今天是否会来。 【误】 I don’t know that if (whether) he will come here today. 【正】 I don’t know if (whether) he will come here today. (2) if或whether引导宾语从句时，但从句应用陈述句语序。如： “Do you know the way to the hospital?” the old woman asked me. （合并为宾语从句） The old woman asked me if (whether) I knew the way to the hospital. 老妇人问我是否知道去医院的路。 (3) if或whether引导的宾语从句的时态应和主句保持一致。即主句为一般现在时或一般将来时，从句可根据需要选用任一种时态；主句为一般过去时，从句则用过去时中的任一种时态。如： I don’t know if (whether) he has come here. 我不知道他是否来过这儿。 whether与if通常情况下可以互换，但在下列情况下通常用whether而不用if。 ①从句后有or not的情况。如： The teacher asks me whether I have finished my homework or not. 老师问我是否已经完成作业了。 注意 ②从句前有介词的情况。如: My parents are talking about whether we will go to Hong Kong for travelling. 父母正在讨论是否去香港旅游。 His father is worried about whether he will lost his work. 他的父亲担心是否会失去工作。 Have you got any fish, Dad? What does the baby cat ask? He asks if his father has got any fish. Am I cool? What does the baby ask? He asks if / whether he is cool. Can I fly? What does the baby wonder ? He wonders if / whether he can fly. 宾语从句口诀 时态、语序、引导词 学习宾从三注意： 主句若为现在时，从句时态随句意。 主句若为过去时，从句也要用过去。 语序要用陈述序，切莫照般疑问句。 that引导陈述句，省与不省没关系。 从句若表是否时，if、whether均可以。 特殊疑问作宾语，仍用原来疑问词。 $$