2024-2025学年外研版英语八年级上册语法讲义与练习

用动词不定式作宾语的动词（短语）和跟双宾语的动词 1. 用动词不定式作宾语的动词（短语） 动词（短语） 短语形式 例句 说明 Ask,decide,hope,want,agree +to do I agree to teach them English 这些动词只能接动词 choose,wish,would like 不定式作宾语 hate,like,love,prefer,begin,stare +to do sth/doing sth I like singing, but now I don’t like to sing. 差别意义不大 try，forget,remember,stop,go on +to do sth/doing sth please remember to lock the door 意义差别很大。 Help + to do sth /do sth kate usually helps to do some housework at home to可省略 Need +to do sth/doing sth you need to go home quickly,加动词不定式表示助动意义。 Your shoes need mending.加ing表示被动意义。 +疑问词+to do sth I don’t know how to answer this question. 疑问词why没有 2. 跟双宾语的动词。 概述：有些及物动词可以接两个宾语，直接宾语和间接宾语，前者指物，表示动作的承受着或结果，后者常指人，表示动作的执行者或者对象。 结构：a.动词+间接宾语+直接宾语 +sb+sth please pass me the book b.动词+直接宾语+介词（to/for）+间接宾语 +sth to/for+sb please pass the cheese to me 说明 1.当直接宾语为人称代词时，用结构b please pass it to me 2.当直接宾语比间接宾语短时，常用结构b lei feng always gave his seat to an old person or a person with a baby. 3.当强调间接宾语时，多用结构b。 dad bought the book doe me, not for you 4.在give, pass, show, hand. lend, return, sell. send, take, bring 等动词后，常用to表示给，强调动作的对象。 I’m sorry. I’ve lent the book to Kate. 5.在buy, get, make, choose, cook, do fingd, sing等动词之后常用for表示“为，替”强调动作的目的。 Please get two kilos of eggs for me. 一、作主语，可以用it代替，it叫形式主语，动词不定式放在后面叫真正主语 1．To learn a foreign language is not easy. It is not easy to learn a foreign language. 2. It’s dangerous to drive very fast. 二、作表语My idea is to ring him up at once. 我的想法是马上给他打电话。 如果主语部分含实义动词do，且作表语的动词又是“do”的内容，这时表语不定式的“to”可以省略。如： All I did was wait here. 我能做的就是在这里等。 三、常可接动词不定式作宾语的动词有：agree(同意), hope(希望), decide(决定), need(需要), mean(打算), wish(希望), fail(失败), want(想要), begin(开始), would like(想要)等。 He has decided to go to the countryside. 他已决心去乡下。 四、“疑问词 + 动词不定式”结构可以作动词know、think、find out等的宾语。 I don’t know who to ask. 我真不知道该问谁。 五、“疑问词 + 动词不定式”可以作动词show、teach、ask等后面的直接宾语。 She told me where to find the earphone. 她告诉我什么地方可以找到耳机。 六、如果宾语太长，可用it作形式宾语，构成“主语 + 谓语 + it + 宾语不足语(名词或形容词) + to do sth”结构，谓语动词常为find、think、feel等。 I found it difficult to stop him. 我发现拦截他很困难。 七 作状语的动词不定式常表示目的、原因、方向、结果等。 I’m glad to meet you. 见到你，我很高兴。 They ran over to welcome the foreign guests. 他们跑过来欢迎外宾。 动词 不定式 afford aim appear agree arrange ask be decide bother care choose come dare demand desire determine expect elect endeavor hope fail happen help hesitate learn long mean manage offer ought plan prepare pretend promise refuse seem tend wait wish undertake 2. 不带to的不定式结构 以下几种情况使用不带to的动词不定式： （1）在固定词组had better之后。注意：had better的否定形式是had better not do sth.。如： You had better go home now. 你最好现在回家。 It’s cold outside. You’d better not go out. 外面很冷，你最好不要出去。 （2）在let, make, see, feel, watch, hear等感官或使役动词后，要跟不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。如： I made them give me the money back. 我迫使他们把钱还给我。 I didn’t see you come in. 我没看见你进来。 （3）在引导疑问句的why not之后。Why not+不带to的不定式是Why don’t you do的省略，可以用来提出建议或劝告。如： Why not study with us？ 为什么不和我们一起学呢？ Why not take a holiday? =Why don’t you take a holiday？ 为什么不休个假呢? （4）不定式动词在介词but, except, besides后面时，如这些介词前有实义动词do的各种形式，则后接不带to的不定式，否则带to。如： I have no choice but to accept the fact. 除了接受这个事实我别无选择。 What do you like to do besides swim? （5）为了避免重复，不定式可省去to。如： I’m really puzzled what to think or say. 对于想什么或说什么，我真的很困惑。 1. Don't forget _________ the letter. A. to send B. send C. sending D. being sent 2. The chair looks very old, but in fact it is very comfortable to ___ A. sit B. sit on C. be sat D. be sat on 3. Is ______ necessary to return the book tomorrow? A. this B. that C. it D. which 4. I'm afraid they would not allow him ________ here. A. to smoke B. smoking C. smokes D. smoke 5. Mother told me ________ the water before I drank it. A. boiling B. boiled C. boil D. to boil 6. On my way home, I stopped _______ some food. A. buy B. to buy C. buying  D. bought 7. John was made _____ the car for a week as a punishment. A. to wash B. washing C. wash D. to be washing 8. The sitting-room needs _______, but it'll have to wait until Saturday. A. be cleaning B. to be cleaned C. clean D. being cleaned 9. The first thing I want to do is __________. A. visit to him B. to visit him C. visiting him D. visited him 10. Li Yang advised me _________ too much, otherwise I would have been drunk. A. not to drink B. to drink C. not drinking D. drinking 拔高题 1. This company was the first ____ portable radios as well as cassette tape recorders in the world. A. producing B. to produce C. having produced D. produced 2. The purpose of new technology is to make life easier, ____it more difficult. A .not making B. not make C .not to make D. nor to make 3. Helen had to shout ______above the sound of the music . A .making herself hear B. to make herself hear C. making herself heard D .to make herself heard 4. After the final exam, I think all the students want _________. A. stop to have a rest B. to stop having a rest C. to stop to have a rest D. stopping to have a rest 5. Many people think it very difficult _______ English. A. to say B. to learn C. speak D. for speaking 真题 1. They knew her very well. They had seen her ___ up from childhood.(1988全国) A. grow B. grew C. was growing D. to grow 2. The teacher asked us ___ so much noise.(2003北京) A. don’t make B. not make C. not making D. not to make 3. My advisor encouraged ___ a summer course to improve my writing skills.(2004北京) A. for me taking B. me taking C. for me to take D. me to take 4. The flu is believed ___by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat.(2004上海) A. causing B. being caused C. to be caused D. to have caused 5.-Is Bob still performing? -I’m afraid not. He is said ___ the stage already as he has become an official.(2005江苏) A. to have center B. to leave C. to have been center D. to be center 6. The mother felt herself ___ cold and her hands trembled as she read the letter from the battlefield.(2006上海) A. grow B. grown C. to grow D. to have grown 7. Energy drinks are not allowed ___in Australia but are brought in from New Zealand.(2006上海) A. to make B. to be made C. to have been made D. to be making 过去进行时态 （一）概述：过去进行时是助动词be的过去形式was／were与另一动词的—ing分词的结 合形式，即：was／were + v－ing。  （二）过去进行时的基本用法 1. 过去进行时表示过去某一时间正在进行的动作，过去进行时和一般过去时一样，也常 和表过去的时间状语连用。 （1）表过去某一时刻正在进行的动作。 eg：It was raining hard when I woke up this morning . 我早晨醒来时，正在下大雨。 （2）表示过去某阶段正在进行的动作。 eg： They were building a factory last autumn . 去年秋天他们在建一家工厂。 2. 过去进行时表过去正在进行的动作时，还有以下情况。 省略时间状语。当上下文情景可清楚说明时间时，可以省略时间状语（多用某些心理活动的动词，语气委婉）。 e.g.：Oh , I was talking to myself . 噢，我是在自言自语。（指刚才） I was thinking it is a good idea to keep the door closed . 我看还是把门关着的好。 3. 过去进行时也表其他时间 表过去将来时态。该动作是有计划、有安排的，动词多是表趋向性的，如：come、go、start、arrive、fly等。 e.g.：They were coming a few days later . 几天后他们就要来了。 No one knew whether he was going with us . 没人知道他是否会跟我们一道。 （三）过去进行时与一般过去时的区别应用 1. 过去进行时往往表示动作的未完成性，而一般过去时则往往表示动作已完成。 eg：I was doing my homework that evening . 那天晚上我在做家庭作业。（只是在做不一定做完） I did my homework that evening . 那天晚上我做的家庭作业。（做完了，强调完成的时间） 2. 过去进行时侧重动作的持续长度，而一般过去时则侧重说明事实. It was raining last night. （雨下了一夜）昨晚一直在下雨。 It rained last night . 昨晚下雨了。 （下雨是事实，但不一定下了一夜） 语法针对性练习： （一）单项选择： 1. Lei Feng ______ a lot of good deeds in his life . A. is doing B. was doing C. did 2. They _______ themselves on the beach when the rain ________. A. were enjoying；came B. are enjoying；comes C. enjoyed；is coming D. were enjoying；was coming 3. “ How _______ on with your new job these days ? ” asked he. A. have you got B. did you got C. have you been getting D. are you getting 4. My brother ________a lot . He________ a new novel at the . A. reads；reads B. reads；is reading C. was reading；is reading D. is reading；read 5. He _______ the street when he was hit by a bike . A. was just crossing B. is just crossing C. just crossed D. has just crossed 6. 一Where ________ you put my dictionary?  — I left it on your desk when you_________ to Tom . A. did；spoke B. did；were speaking C. have；is speaking D. did；speaking 7. My son ________ his English composition last night , now he is continuing it. A. wrote B. was writing C. had written D. has written 8. I first met Lisa three years ago when we ________at a radio station together. A. have worked B. are working C. were working D. worked 9. Everyone _________quietly when suddenly a stranger _______in . A. was reading；rushed B. was reading；was running C. read；rushed D. read；was rushing 10. I can guess you were in a hurry. You ________ your sweater inside out . A. had worn B. wore C. are wearing D. were wearing （二）汉译英： 1. 那时他们正在讨论这个问题。 ___________________________________________________________ 2. 昨天他们讨论了这个问题。 ___________________________________________________________ 3. 雨下得很大，但没人停止工作。 It _______ hard，but no one stopped working . 4. 那个时候你在读书吗? ___________________________________________________________ 5. 那时我没在开会。 ___________________________________________________________ 冠词 冠词分为不定冠词(a, an)和定冠词(the)零冠词 1. 不定冠词的用法 1)表示“一个” I can see a plane in the sky. 2)表示“种类” An elephant is bigger than a tiger. 3)表示“每一个”= every Take the medicine three times a day. 4)表示“某人某物”但不具体说明何人何物 *A man is wanting to see you. 2. 定冠词的用法 1)指上文提到过的人或物, 或说话双方都知道的人或物。表示“这个/那个，这些/那些”。如： There’s a pen on the desk. The pen is mine. Do you know the man who is running. The teacher asked the students to sit down. 2)世界上独一无二的事物前用定冠词the the sun the moon the earth 3)序数词, 形容词最高级和乐器前要加the the second the tallest play the piano 4)在复数姓氏前加the，表示××一家人，常看成复数 *The Browns are going to Shanghai for a holiday this summer. 5)在一些形容词前，表示一类人 the rich 富人 the old 老人 3．零冠词（不用冠词） 1)在节日、星期、月份、季节、年、学科等词前不用冠词 in summer in August on Sunday study physics 但是特指某个时间时可加the。如： in the spring of 1945 在1945年的那个春天 2)一日三餐和球类运动名词前不用冠词 *have breakfast *play football 3)名词前已有this, that, next, last,物主代词等作定语时,不用冠词 * They met here this morning. * He is my best friend. 4)称呼、头衔，国家和一些专有名词前不用冠词 Mr. Li Uncle Wang China Xin Min Middle School 1. There is a desk by the window. On _______ desk there is _____ exercise book. A. a; the B. the; the C. an; a D. the; an 2. There is _______ "h" in the word "honest." A. a B. the C. an D.不填 3. They went to _______ Summer Palace yesterday and stayed there for _______ day. A. the; a B. the; the C. 不填; a D. the; 不填 4. It's ________ pity you won't be back before I leave. A. the B. a C. an D.不填 5. Lincoln was elected __________ President of _________United States in 1860. A. the; the B.不填; the C. a; 不填 D.不填; 不填 6. She is going to play _______ piano at the concert this evening. A. a B. an C. the D.不填 7. Most boys like playing _______ football. A. a B. an C. the D.不填 8. Let's go and watch the children play ______ chess. A. a B. an C. the D.不填 9._____ elephant is bigger than ________ horse A.不填; 不填 B. an; a C. An; a D. The; a 10. Is Tom going to have _______ X-ray check? A. a B. an C. the D.不填 11. They have _________ rice for ________ lunch every day. A.不填; 不填 B. the; the C. the; a D.不填; the 12. We did _______ experiment last week. It was _______ useful one. A. the; the B. an; a C. an; the D. the; an 13. Beijing is one of ________ most beautiful cities in ________world. A. a; the B. the; 不填 C. the; the D. 不填; the 14. February is __________ second month of the year A .a B. an C.不填 D. the 15.----How did you go there? ----We went there by _______ bus. A. a B. an C. the D.不填 情态动词may/ might 情态动词，在英文中主要用来表示说话人的看法、态度等。 特点： 1）各个情态动词自身都有一定的词义。 2）情态动词不能在句中独立担当谓语。 3）情态动词在句中不受任何人称,性,数变化的影响。 4) 情态动词后接动词原形。 英文中的情态动词主要有：can , could ; may , might ; must ; need 等。另外，shall , will , should , would在一定的场合也可用作情态动词。 本单元我们主要讨论may/ might 的用法： 情态动词may / might，没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能单独作谓语。后面直接跟动词原形（即不带to 的不定式）构成合成谓语，常用于下列几种情况： 1. may/ might表示请求许可时，译为"可以"。might表示的语气更加委婉、客气我虽然may有自己的否定形式may not，但常常用cannot、must not来表达否定意思。例如： May I leave the book with you？我可以把这本书交给你吗？ Yes，you may / can. （No，you can’t / mustn’'t.）可以。（不可以。） The manager told me I might have a vacation. 经理告诉我，我可以休假。 Might I use your pen for a while?　我能用用你的钢笔吗？ 2. may/ might表示可能性时，常译成"也许，可能"等,might 的可能性比may要小。这时，否定形式常用may not/might not。例如： She may/ might go to Shanghai next week. 下周她可能到上海去。 Bring your swimsuit because you might want to swim in the sea. He may（may not） come here tomorrow. 他明天也许会（不会）来这儿。 3.用在特殊疑问句中时，表示一种"不确定"的语气，常译成"会，究竟"。例如： Who may the boy be？这个男孩会是谁？ Who may call me at night？谁会在半夜里给我打电话呢？ II.表示可能的方式 1．may/ might It may/ might be warm in February. 2．使用表示可能的形容词和副词： It’s possible that… It’s possible to do sth. 主语＋will probably/ possibly + v. (probably表示的可能性要比 possibly大)。 例如： It’s possible that it’ll be snowy. It’s probably be cold and wet. Is it possible to visit America in December? 情态动词must, can must 1.表“必须”。 You must talk to them about their study.你必须同他们谈谈关于他们学习的事。 You must do as you are told. 你必须遵嘱行事。 2.在否定结构中表不许。 禁止 You mustn't talk like that. 你可不能这样说话。 You mustn't leave here.你不能离开这儿。 3.表坚定的建议。 You must come and see us as soon as you get to Shanghai.一到上海你得马上来看我们。 4．关于must的简短回答： Must I clean the dining room at once? 我必须马上打扫膳厅吗？ Yes, you must. 是的。 No, you needn't.不必马上打扫。（No, you don't have to.） can 1．表示能力、许可。 She can speak three different languages.她能说三种不同的语言。 You can do anything if you try. 如果你尝试，你可以做任何事。 2．还可用来请求或提供帮助。  A:  Can I use your telephone please?我能用一下你的电话吗？ B:  Sure.  Go right ahead.当然啦，尽管用。 3．Can’t 表示“不能，不要”,即不允许。也可以表示“不能”。 You can’t take it away. 你不能把这拿走。 You can’t ride your bike on the pavement. 你不可以在人行道上骑车。 I can’t speak Japanese.我不会说日语。 1. —Must we finish the work before six?      —No, you ________. You may do it tomorrow. A. mustn’t B. may not C. needn’t D. can’t 2. —I think Miss Gao must be in the library. She said she would go there.     —No, she _______ be there. I’ve just been there. A. can’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. wouldn’t 3. —What are you going to eat for supper?      —I _______ have noodles. A. may B. must C. need to D. can 4. —Can you finish the work in two days?      —Sorry, I _______. My computer doesn’t work. A. mustn’t B. may not C. can’t D. needn’t 5. —Let’s go to Taishan Park by taxi.      —It’s not far. We _______ take a taxi. A. needn’t B. can’t C. mustn’t D. couldn’t 6. —What do drivers do when the traffic lights turn red?      —They _______ stop and wait till the green light. A. must B. can C. may D. need 7. —Look! Mr. Hu is on the other side of the street.    —It _______ be him. He has gone to Lanzhou. A. mustn’t B. can’t C. shouldn’t D. won’t 8. —Can you stay here for lunch?      —Sorry, _______. I have to see my parents. A. I can’t B. I shouldn’t C. I mustn’t D. I won’t 9. —Why not go to the office and ask your teacher for help?  —I _______. But I didn’t find her there. A. will B. would C. have D. shall 10. —Peter, don’t play that kind of joke any more!    —Sorry! I _______ do it again. A. won’t B. can’t C. mustn’t D. wouldn’t need 一．用作实义动词 作为实义动词，need后面的宾语可以是名词、动名词、动词不定式或代词，这种情况下，need既可用于肯定句，也可用于否定句和疑问句，构成否定句和疑问句时要借助于助动词do或does. 1．need sth. 这是need最常见的用法之一，其后的宾语可以是名词，也可以是代词。如： We need a great deal of money now. 我们需要和多钱。 They don’t it any more. 他们不再需要它了。 Does your father need any help? 你爸爸需要帮助吗? 2．need doing 与 need to be done need后面可跟动名词作宾语，这种情况下应注意两点： ①.主动形式的动名词doing具有被动的含义； ②.该动名词可以改为其动词不定式的被动形式而句子的意义不变。例如： The door needs painting. = The door needs to be painted. 那扇门需要油漆一下。 Your car needs mending. = Your car needs to be repaired. 你的车需要维修了。 3．need to do sth. 作为实义动词，need后面需要接带to的动词不定式,表示有义务或责任去做某事。如： What do we need to take for the picnic? 野餐我们需要带些什么？ Will we need to show our passports? 我们需要出示护照吗？ 二．用作情态动词 作为情态动词的need具有情态动词的一般性质，要充分阐释作为情态动词的need的用法，务必首先说明白情态动词的特征。情态动词的主要特征： ①．没有人称和数的变化。不论主语是第几人称，不论主语是单数还是复数，情态都词都无形式变化； ②．不能单独充当谓语。情态动词必须与一个实义动词一起构成复合谓语，并且这个实意动词要始终是动词原形。 ③．变为否定句时只需在情态动词之后加not。 ④．变为疑问句时只需将情态动词提到主语的前面。 这是情态动词的共性，作为情态动词的need当然也具有这些共性。了解了这些还不够，还要掌握作为情态动词need的一个个性，就是它只能用于否定句和疑问句，或用于由if或whether引导的宾语从句中，一般不能用于肯定句。理解了这些之后，我们便可以如此区分need的词性了：只要need后面跟的是动词原形，它就是情态动词。这时，变否定，只需在其后加not；变为疑问句，只需把它移主语的前面。例如： Need I type this letter again? 我需要重新录入将这封信吗？ There is enough time. You needn’t hurry. 有的是时间，你不必着急。 The president wondered whether he need send more soldiers. 总统不知道他是否要增兵。 ---Must I hand in my homework now? 现在我必须交作业吗？ ---No, you needn’t. 不，你不必。 三．用作名词 need作为名词，含义为“缺乏，需要”；其复数表示“基本需要”。要掌握两个词组：in (great) need of（急需） 与meet the needs of(满足……的需要)。例如： There’s no need for you to try again. 你不必再尝试了。 The factory is in great need of funds. 那家工厂急需资金。 This house of the 1790’s can even meet the needs of the 21st century. ( ) 1. You _____ any help, do you? A. don’t need B. needn’t C. need D. doesn’t need ( ) 2. ---Must I stay at the office this afternoon? ---No, you _______. A. don’t B. needn’t C. don’t need D. can’t ( ) 3. Tom _________ get up a little earlier tomorrow. A. needs B. need C. need to D. needs to ( ) 4. Need the doctor ________ with you tonight? A. staying B. stay C. stays D. to stay ( ) 5. Look! Your shirt is so dirty. It _________. A. need washing B. need to wash C. needs washing D. need wash ( ) 6. The supply can’t _________ the demand. A. meet need of B. meet the need of C. meet the needs of D. meet needs of ( ).7. The hospital is __________ blood. A. in great need of B. on great need of C. in great need with D. on great need with ( ) 8. Your room is full of dust. It __________. A. need clean B. need cleaning C. need to be cleaned D. needs to be cleaned ( ) 9. ______ David _______ anything to drink? A. Need,…\ B. Needs,…\ C. Does…need D. Do…need ( ) 10. You _________ to the meeting tomorrow if you have something important to do. A. needn’t to come B. don’t need come C. don’t need coming D. needn’t come 祈使句 祈使句指的是表示命令、请求、建议或劝告的句子。其主语you常省略，谓语动词用原形，句末用感叹号或句号，读降调。 1. 肯定的祈使句 （1）动词原形+其他 Stand up, please. = Please stand up. 请起立。 （2）Be + adj. Be careful! = Look out! = Take care! 小心 / 当心！ （3）Let's + 动词原形 Let’s go to school together. 咱们一起上学去吧。 2. 否定的祈使句 (1) Don't + 动词原形 Don't stand up. 别站起来。 Don't be careless. 别粗心。 （2）Let's ( let sb ) + not + 动词原形 Let's not say anything about it. 对于这件事，咱们什么也别说。 Let them not play with fire. 别让他们玩火。 3.祈使句的反意疑问句 (1) 肯定祈使句的反意疑问句反问部分用will you 或won't you。 Please open the door, will/ won’t you? 请把门打开，好吗？ (2) 否定祈使句的反意疑问句反问部分只用will you。 Don't be late again, will you? 别再迟到了，行不行？ (3) 以let's开头的祈使句反意疑问句反问部分用shall we。 Let's turn on the TV, shall we? 我们把电视打开，好吗？ <特别注意> 只有以let's开头的祈使句的反意疑问句的反问部分才用shall we，而let us 开头的祈使句的反意疑问句的反问部分应为will you或won't you. 如： Let us stay here, will/ won't you? 请（你）让我们留在这好吗？ 1. The TV is too loud. Please ________. A. turn it down B. to turn it down C. turn down it D. to turn down it 2. _______ late again, Bill! A. Don't to be B. Don't be C. Not be D. Be not 3. _______ cross the road until the traffic lights turn green. A. Not B. Won't C. Doesn't D. Don't 4. Please help me carry it, ______? A. will I B. will you C. shall I D. shall we 5. Don't make so much noise, ______? A. will you B. won't you C. shall we D. do you 6. Do you know the girl ______under the tree? A. stand B. to stand C. standing D. stood 7. Kate, _______ your homework here tomorrow. A. bring B. brings C. to bring D. bringing 8. ________ me the truth, or I'll be angry. A. Telling B. To tell C. Told D. Tell 9. I've kept the dog _______Maomao for a long time. A. Name B. named C. naming D. to name 10. Don't you know that _______ is good for our health? A. swim B. swimming C. swam D. swims 句型转换 11. Will you please read it again more slowly? （改为祈使句） ___ ____ again more slowly, please. 12. If you don't listen to me, I'll go. （改为同义句） _____ _____ me, or I’ll go. 13. Let's watch the sports games. （改为反意疑问句） Let's watch the sports games, _____ _____? 14. The teachers often tell the students not to be careless. （改为祈使句） _____ _____careless, please. 15. Please sit next to Nancy. （改为否定句） _____ _____ next to Nancy. 16. Don't forget to turn off the lights, please. （改为反意疑问句） Don't forget to turn off the lights, _____ _____? 17. If you move, you'll die. （改为同义句） _____ _____, or you'll die. 18. Come to my house tomorrow. （改为反意疑问句） Come to my house tomorrow, _____ _____? 19. 这是一个坏了的被子。 （翻译句子） This is a ______ ______. 20. 让我们去帮帮那个哭泣的女孩吧。 （翻译句子） Let’s go and help the _____ _____, please.   学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$