语法填空技巧1 课件-2025届高三上学期英语一轮复习

2025年高考英语 一轮复习 语法填空技巧1 聚焦复杂修饰语、无提示词、说明文 考查基本点 语法填空要求考生阅读一篇200词左右的语言材料，在10个设空处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。考查要点涉及中学阶段所学的各类语法知识。 语法填空的考查突出语篇，从题目设置看，有提示词6-7题，无提示词3-4题，强调了语篇测试学生的英语语言知识和技能，全面考查学生英语词汇、语法、句法等方面的掌握情况，反映了学生英语的综合素养。 设空类别 1.动词 2. 名词 3. 形容词/副词 4. 词性转换 有提示词 1. 冠词 2. 介词 3. 代词 4. 连词 无提示词 近两年真题情况 试卷 体裁 主题语境 主要内容 2024年新课标Ⅰ卷 说明文 人与社会 Heather wick工作室的新项目：展示丝绸之路影响下的动态温室 2024年新课标Ⅱ卷 说明文 人与社会 汤显祖和莎士比亚的“相遇” 2024年1月 浙江卷 说明文 人与社会 超市的促销手段 2024年全国甲卷 说明文 人与社会 美国国家公园体系 2023年新课标Ⅰ卷 说明文 人与社会 小笼包 2023年新课标Ⅱ卷 记叙文 人与自然 作者在动物园教英语的原因 近两年高考真题语法填空，多以说明文为主。 设空占比分析 试卷 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 24年新课标Ⅰ卷 词性 转换 词性 转换 非谓语 词性 转换 时态 冠词 名词单复 介词 定语 从句 词性 转换 24年新课标Ⅱ卷 定语 从句 名词 单复 时态 介词 非谓语 时态 语态 词性 转换 非谓语 非谓语 连词 24年1月 浙江卷 非谓语 连词 定语 从句 表语 从句 词性 转换 语态 时态 非谓语 冠词 代词 24年全国甲卷 非谓语 名词 单复 宾语 从句 时态 语态 代词 介词 词性 转换 形容词比较级 定语 从句 23年新课标Ⅰ卷 词性 转换 非谓语 连词 非谓语 介词 非谓语 代词 冠词 词性 转换 非谓语 23年新课标Ⅱ卷 词性 转换 词性 转换 介词 冠词 非谓语 名词 单复 表语 从句 词性 转换 连词 时态 近两年高考真题语法填空，其中无提示词占比为：30-40%。即3-4空。 【24·6 Ⅰ卷】Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse __60_walks__ (walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for __61________ first time. 冠词类·固定搭配 the 【24·1 浙江卷】 Then, when you use one section, __64______ other stays fresh. 【23·6 Ⅰ卷】 The meant should be fresh with __63______ touch of sweetness and the soup hot, clear and delicious. 【23·1 浙江卷】 In contrast to the court life and upper-class culture represented by the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace, and the Temple of Heaven, the hutongs reflect __65______ culture of grassroots Beijingers. the a the 固配： for the first time 固配： one ... the other 固配：a touch of 固定结构： the + n. + of + sth 解题方法 1. 考查冠词的题，多集中为固定搭配或者固定结构，一轮复习中，做好此类题型的归纳和整理； 2. 遇到比较长难的句子，尝试“四步法”，完成句子的删繁就简让句子更好理解。 3. 熟词生义特殊情况，结合文本具体语境进行解析。如： 【23·6 Ⅰ卷】 The meant should be fresh with __63______ touch of sweetness and the soup hot, clear and delicious. 考查a touch of ，意为“一点儿”，需要在具体语境下判断。 【24·6 Ⅰ卷】Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse __60_walks__ (walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for __61________ first time. 冠词类·删繁（复杂修饰语）就简 the 固配： for the first time step 1: 找出主句和从句 step 2: 句子成分分析 the Silk Route Garden: 名词短语，主语。around the greenhouse: 介词短语，修饰主语，表明位置。 walks: 谓语动词，表示“引导”或“带领”。visitors: 宾语，指代参观者。 through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road: 介词短语，作状语，说明“walks”这个动作的方式。 through: 介词。a journey: 名词短语，宾语。 influenced by the ancient Silk Road : 过去分词短语，修饰“journey”，说明这个旅程受到古代丝绸之路的影响。 step 3: 关系从句分析 by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for the first time: 关系从句，修饰“journey”。 by which: 关系介词，引导从句，指代“journey”。 silk as well as many plant species: 主语部分，表示丝绸和许多植物种类。 came: 谓语动词，表示到达。 to Britain for the first time: 介词短语，作状语，说明动作的方向和时间。 step4: 整理翻译：丝绸之路花园通过其设计和布局，带领参观者体验一个受到古代丝绸之路影响的旅程，强调了丝绸和许多植物首次来到英国的历史背景。 冠词类·删繁（复杂修饰语）就简 【23·1 浙江卷】 In contrast to the court life and upper-class culture represented by the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace, and the Temple of Heaven, the hutongs reflect __65______ culture of grassroots Beijingers. the 固定结构： the + n. + of + sth step 1: 划分句子的基本结构，找出主句。 step 2: 句子成分详细分析 the hutongs: 主语 reflect: 谓语动词，表示“反映”。 the culture of grassroots Beijingers: 宾语 the: 定冠词，修饰名词“culture”。culture**: 名词，表示“文化”。 of grassroots Beijingers: 介词短语，修饰“culture”，说明文化的来源。 step 3. 句子中的对比成分 In contrast to the court life and upper-class culture represented by the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace, and the Temple of Heaven: 这一部分提供了对比，说明胡同文化与其他文化的不同。 In contrast to: 介词短语，表示对比关系。 the court life and upper-class culture: 名词短语，表示“宫廷生活和上层社会文化”。 step 4: 整理翻译：与代表宫廷生活和上层社会文化的故宫、颐和园和天坛相比，胡同则反映了普通北京人的文化。这种对比强调了不同文化之间的差异。 【23·6 Ⅰ卷】There you will find them prepared differently --- more dumpling and less soup, and the wrappers are pressed __60______ hand rather than rolled. 介词类·固定搭配 【24·6 Ⅰ卷】The Glasshouse stands __63________ a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route __64_which/that__ brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the __65__richness__ (rich) of gardening in England. as 【24·6 Ⅱ卷】 I happen to know that Tang’s play The Peony Pavilion (《牡丹亭》) is similar in some ways __59_____ Romeo and Juliet.” to 固配： stand as 固配： be similar to by 固配： by hand 解析：主语：The Glasshouse 谓语：stands 表语：as a great achievement in contemporary design to house the plants of the southwestern part of China: 不定式短语，作目的状语，说明“stands”的目的。 at the end of a path retracing the steps along the Silk Route，介词短语，说明“the plants”的位置。 which/that引导的定语从句，修饰“the steps” 介词类·删繁（复杂修饰语）就简 【23·1 浙江卷】 Hutongs represent an important cultural element of the city of Beijing. Thanks to Beijing’s long history __63______ capital of China, almost every hutong has its stories, and some are even associated with historic __64__events_ (event). as 【24·6 甲卷】 This area, with __66_its_ (it) unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved __67______ all people of the nation to enjoy --- as a national park. for 解析：（1）语法层面：这个位置需要一个介词来修饰“capital of China”。“as”在这里用作介词，表示“作为”的意思。整个短语可以理解为“作为中国的首都”，指明北京的角色和身份。 （2）句子结构: ①句子主干为：almost every hutong has its stories ② 句子“Thanks to Beijing’s long history as capital of China”介词短语，作为状语，表示原因或背景 解析：(1)语法层面：这个位置需要一个介词需要一个介词来引导一个目的或受益者的短语。(2)for all people of the nation to enjoy”是一个常见的结构，表达了目的或者受益者（3）句子结构：主语：This area 谓语：must be well preserved 伴随状语：with its unique and breathtaking natural beauty 目的状语：for all people of the nation to enjoy 补充成分：--- as a national park 并列连词 并列连词 用法 and, both...and..., not only... but (also)... 等 表示并列、顺承、递进关系 but, yet, whereas 等 表示转折关系 or, either...or..., not ... but... 等 表示选择关系 for, so 表示因果关系（for连接的分句一般不能放在句首） and, or 表示条件或结果关系，常用于句型“祈使句+and/or+陈述句” while 强调两种情况的对比 并列连词判断法 无提示词，设空前后是两个并列单词、短语或者主谓完整的句子，且相并列的成分之间是并列、转折、选择或因果关系。 确定填写并列连词 分析设空前后单词、短语或句间关系，确定使用哪个连词。 关系分析法 在“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”句式中，表示顺承用and， 表示转折用or when作并列连词的常用句型： (1) sb be doing sth when (2) sb be about to do sth when ... (3) sh had (just) done sth when ... 句型判断法 连词类·并列关系（固定搭配） 【24·1 浙江】 Either your shopping is then too heavy to carry home __57______ you can’t use what you’ve bought while it’s still fresh. or 【24·1 浙江】To eat one, you have to decide whether __57_to bite__ (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), __58_________ to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue or 固配： either ... or ... 固配： whether ... or ... 连词类·并列关系·删繁（复杂修饰语）就简 【24·6 新课标Ⅱ卷】 __64_Recalling_ (recall) watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare’s play RichardⅢ in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion, Edmondson said, “It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language __65_________ see how Tang’s play was being performed.” and 【23·1 浙江】 During China’s dynastic period, emperors planned the city of Beijing __56______ arranged the residential areas according to social classes. and 解析：主句：Edmondson said, 'It was very exciting...' 不定式短语（作为表语）：to hear the Chinese language_____ see how Tang’s play was being performed. hear the Chinese language：指的是“听到中文” see how Tang’s play was being performed：指的是“看到唐的剧本是如何被演出的” 这两个动词短语（hear和see）在句中是并列关系，描述了Edmondson在观看表演时的两种体验。演的方式。 planned the city of Beijing：表示了一个动作，即“规划北京的城市”。 arranged the residential areas according to social classes：表示了另一个动作，即“根据社会阶级安排住宅区”。 这两个动作是相互关联的，描述了同一主语（即“emperors”）在同一上下文中进行的两个相关的行为。 连词类·从属关系 【24·6 新课标Ⅰ卷】 The Glasshouse stands __63_as__ a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route __64________________ brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the __65__richness___ (rich) of gardening in England. that/which 句子结构分析 主句：“The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design.” 不定式短语：“to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing the steps along the Silk Route” 从句：“__64__ brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness of gardening in England.”修饰“the steps along the Silk Route”，提供了关于这些步骤所做事情的具体信息 连词类·从属关系 【24·6 新课标Ⅱ卷】 Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu, __56________ is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia”, add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare’s hometown. who 【24·1 浙江】 Of course, shops are not charities --- they price goods in the way __58_________ will make them the most money. If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s __59___________ they’ll promote. But that leaves the solo (单独) customers out of pocket and disappointed. that/which what 横线处缺主语，指代人。填写who之后，句子可以重组为：“Chinese cultural elements commemorating Tang Xianzu, who is known as 'the Shakespeare of Asia', add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon.” 其中，“who is known as 'the Shakespeare of Asia'” 是一个定语从句，用于补充说明Tang Xianzu的身份。 题58：先行词“the way”，引导词可填“that”或“which” 题59：引导一个名词性从句（表语从句），说明商店会推广的内容。 巩固练习 1. Then, with ________ rise of science, changes began. 【2020浙江7月】 2. Bamboo plants are associated ________ health, abundance and a happy home. 【2020 全国Ⅱ】 3. When we got a call saying she was short-listed, we thought it was ______ joke. 【2019 全国Ⅱ】 4. Everybody wears ________ same style of clothes. 【2019 浙江】 5. In 1884 they bought it _______ $1,200 and some land from Chares Dresser, who profermed their marriage ceremony in 1842. 【2021 浙江】 6. The study found that between 1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased ______ 2.1 in women and men. 【2021 浙江】 7. Of _________ nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six are stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data. 【2019全国Ⅰ】 8. While riding his bike home ________ a cold night, he came across a sad-looking elderly woman wandering the streets by herself. 【2021北京】 9. The artist was finally humbled (谦卑) by the greatest artist ________ earth, Mother Nature. 【2020全国Ⅲ】 10. Some time after 10,000 BC, people made the first real attempt to control the world they lived ________, through agriculture. 【2020浙江】 11. Museums must compete _________ people’s spare time and money with other amusements. 【2020新高考Ⅰ】 the with a the for by the on on in for 巩固练习 1.After six and a half years and over 32,000 kilometers, Maxwell’s walk ended ___________ it began. 【2024广东新高考质量检测】 2. Each woman’s story was vastly differnt, ___________ gave me the confidence to give my walk a try. 【2024广东新高考质量检测】 3. Sitting inside the Shenzhou XVI spacecraft, Gui Haichao, the first Chinese civilian on a spaceflight, together with the other two astronauts, was launched by a 20-story-tall Long March 2F carrier rocket, _________ took off at 9:31 am on May 30, 2023 at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. . 【2024江西名校联盟】 4. Mental health involves ___________ you process things such as stress and anxiety. 【2022天津】 5. In 1884 they bought it _______ $1,200 and some land from Chares Dresser, who profermed their marriage ceremony in 1842. 【2021 浙江】 6. The disagreement was so sharp ___________ neither he nor I knew how to settle it. 【2022 全国甲卷】 7. Feeling fearful is healthy ________________________ it helps you slow down and evaluate risks properly. 【2021天津】 8. The poor woman wasn’t able to give him any information about __________ she lived. 【2021北京】 where which which how that because / since / as where 巩固练习 The development of the movie industry in India is mostly conditional upon the actions of present-day companies. Therefore, the latter is concerned about increasing 56.______ (it) influence by entering into a new partership with western film production companies. This practice 57. __________________________ (prove) to be beneficial in terms of ensuring teh growth of the industry so far, 58.___________________ (evidence) by the successful cooperation between DreamWorks and Reliance Entertainment in India. The two companies have been partners for over the past seven years, and it is sufficient time to make 59. _________________ (conclusion) on the profitability and the overall feasibility (可行性) of such policies. Another indication of the benefits gained 60. ___________ the Dream Works-Reliance Entertainment partnership is their agreement to continue the relationship. The trend for Indian film production companies to become partners with western filmmakers 61. _________ (link) to the overall growth of the industry and its patterns as well. The country is experiencing a period of consistent development and releases more movies than the United States. 62. ____________, there is a challenge posed by shifting audience preferences, which 63. ________________ (increasing) favor Western movies over Indian movies. This way, even the positive environment conditioned by the large market readily available is incapable of overcoming the new situation. Thus, the Indian movie industry’s further development solely depends on domestic companies’ 64. ______________ (capable) to cooperate with western filmmarkers, 65. ___________ will facilitate the promotion of a product appealing to diverse audiences. its has proved / has proven evidenced conclusions from from However increasingly capability which 备考建议 1. 理解句子结构，尤其多做长难句分析。 分析句子：先通读整个句子，理解其主要意思和语法结构。识别主语、谓语、宾语等成分，找出句子的主干。 注意从句：注意句子中是否有从句（定从、状从等），理解从句与主句之间的关系。 2. 关注上下文，确实把语法点放在语境中完成理解和答题。 上下文线索：根据前后文的内容推测空缺处的词。上下文可以提供语义和语法上的线索。 词汇搭配：注意词汇之间的搭配关系，某些词通常会与特定的词搭配使用。 3. 运用逻辑推理，判断句间关系。 因果关系：如果句子表达因果关系，可用“because”, “so”, “therefore”等词来填空。 对比与转折：如果句子有对比或转折的意思，可以考虑“but”, “however”等词。 4. 积累词汇与语法知识 词汇积累：平时多阅读，积累常用的词汇和短语，增强对词义和用法的理解。 语法学习：熟悉基本的语法规则，如时态、主谓一致、定语从句等，帮助在填空时做出正确选择。 5.. 练习与应用 多做练习：通过做大量的练习题，提升填空的能力，并在实践中巩固语法知识。 总结错误：每做完一套题后，总结出错的原因，分析为什么会选择错误的选项，从中学习和改进。 Thanks ! $$