精品解析：辽宁省葫芦岛市龙港区葫芦岛市长江卫生中等职业技术学校2024-2025学年高二上学期11月月考英语试题

长江卫生中等职业技术学校2024—2025学年度高二11月考试 英语试题 注意事项： 1.本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上. 2.回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑.如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号.写在本试卷上无效. 3.回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上.写在本试卷上无效. 4.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回. (满分：150分;考试时间：120分钟) 2024年11月 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)略 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分 37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Here are some national parks where visitors can enjoy varieties of wildlife. Acadia National Park, Maine The Atlantic Ocean meets the cliff-lined Maine coast at this popular park, providing habitat for wildlife with feet and flippers. From the shore, scan the water for marine life like sharks or gray seals (海豹). On land, you might spot beavers, snowshoe hares, or bobcats. In between, in the intertidal zone, tide pools hold translucent anemones, sea urchins, snails, and sea stars. Cuyahoga Valley National Park, Ohio The park is a mixed ecosystem of oak-hickory forest, meadows, and wetlands sheltering a variety of animals. You can see water-loving mammals or snapping turtles. More than 200 species of bird live or migrate through the park, including nesting peregrine falcons and bald eagles. Pinnacles National Park, California Nearly being in extinction in the 1980s, the number of mighty California condors (秃鹰) now increases again over volcanic peaks. Intense recovery efforts, including a captive breeding (圈养繁殖) program, have brought a significant increase of the population, which was just 22in 1982. If you have binoculars, you’ll have a good chance of seeing condors flying in the mornings and evenings. Others include golden eagles, peregrine falcons and bees. Dry Tortugas National Park, Florida Contrary to its name, water makes up 99 percent of this park. Visitors can see five species of endangered sea turtles nest on the beaches or swimming. Book a snorkeling to explore the reefs, where green sea turtles, nurse sharks, and decorator crabs live am id corals. Divers can also access the Windjammer Wreck site, where a ship that sank (沉没) in 1907 provides a home for marine life. 1. When introducing wildlife, the author divides the Acadia National Park into __________. A. two areas B. three areas C. four areas D. five areas 2. How does the California condor increase its population? A. With another country’s technical support. B. By hunting for food on volcanic peaks. C With the assistance of human beings. D. By competing with new species. 3. In which park can visitors see a sunk ship? A. Acadia National Park. B. Cuyahoga Valley National Park. C. Pinnacles National Park. D. Dry Tortugas National Park. B When Emanuel received an email from Professor Richard English, Queen’s Pro-Vice-Chancellor at the School of History, Anthropology, Philosophy and Politics, encouraging him to apply for a PhD in Polities in Belfast it was a pinch-me moment Emanual never thought would be possible. After all, just a few short years ago, he was living on the streets, couch-surfing at friends’ houses and weeding gardens to make ends meet. Now, one of the world’s leading political academics was preparing to welcome him to Queen’s University, over 4,000 miles away. Emanuel never knew who his father was and his mom was mentally ill when she gave birth to him, so the hospital took him off her and he was unofficially adopted for the first few years of his life. What followed was a childhood with uncertainty as Emanuel was passed between the adoption system and family members. Through his high school and community college years, he moved from house to house, living with friends at times and living on the streets at others. Determined to change all that, despite his rocky start in life; Emanuel involved himself in school - doing everything he could to earn extra tuition money in his spare time. But getting accepted into university was scarcely possible because a person like him couldn’t get a regular student loan. Fortunately, the government backed him, having created a policy allowing disadvantaged persons to access funding for higher education. He graduated from the University of the West Indies with a 1st Class Honours degree and went on to do his Masters. Emanuel knows that his story could have been very different. “I discovered Professor Richard English online and sent him an email honestly, not thinking he would reply, and to my surprise, he did. I applied for the highly competitive Commonwealth Shared Scholarship Scheme in order to fund my research at Queen’s. When I was told I was successful, my whole world changed.” 4. What does the underlined word “pinch-me” in Paragraph 1 probably mean? A. Expected. B. Unbelievable. C. Awkward. D. Anxious. 5. What happened to EmanueI in his childhood? A. He was once adopted by his relatives. B. He was abandoned by his mother. C. Hy’ s father was mentally ill. D. The lived with his friends now and then. 6. How did Emanuel afford his university education? A. By receiving a regular student loan. B. By earning the tuition all by himself. C By borrowing the money from friends. D. By getting the support from the government. 7. What can we learn from Emanuel’s story? A. Well begun is half done. B. It’s never too old to learn. C. You are the master of your life. D. Lost time is never found again. C Trees take carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and store it in complex molecules (分子), releasing oxygen. The more photosynthesis (光合作用), the more carbon is locked away. Carbon dioxide is a major driver of climate change, so the more that can be taken out of the atmosphere by plants, the better. With the warmer climate leading to a longer growing season, some researchers have suggested that more carbon dioxide would be absorbed by trees and other plants than in previous times. But a new study has changed this theory and could have profound effects on how we adapt to climate change. The researchers at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology studied the degree to which the timing of colour changes in autumn tree leaves was determined by the growth of the plants in the previous spring and summer. Using data from the Pan European Phenology Project, which has tracked some trees for as long as 65 years, the researchers found in their long-term observational study that as the rate of photosynthesis increased, leaves changed colour and fell earlier in the year. For every 10% increase in photosynthetic activity over the spring and summer growing season, trees shed their leaves, on average, eight days earlier. This research shows that deciduous (每年落叶的) trees can only absorb a set amount of carbon each year and once that limit is reached, no more can be absorbed. At that point, leaves begin to change colour. This limit is set by the availability of nutrients, particularly nitrogen (氮气), and the physical structure of the plant itself, particularly the inner vessels which move water and dissolved nutrients around. Nitrogen is a key nutrient which plants need in order to grow, and it’s often the amount of available nitrogen that limits total growth. This is why farmers and gardeners use nitrogen fertilisers (肥料) to overcome this limitation. It suggests that by 2100, when tree growing seasons are expected to be between 22 and 34 days longer, leaves will fall from trees between three and six days earlier than they do now. 8. What can we know from the first two paragraphs? A. More carbon dioxide has been absorbed by plants than before. B. Higher temperature has an influence on plants’ growing season. C. Climate change can be solved naturally through photosynthesis. D. Plants can give off oxygen and molecules through photosynthesis. 9. How many days earlier may leaves averagely fall with 20% increase in photosynthesis? A. Eight days. B. Sixteen days. C. Twenty-eight days. D. Thirty-four days. 10. What does the underlined word “vessels” mean in Paragraph 5? A Basins. B. Wells. C. Containers D. Channels. 11. What does the author mainly intend to inform us? A. Nitrogen is an essential nutrient for plant growing. B. Warmer climate contributes to longer growing season. C. Farmers use fertilizers to increase the growth of plants. D. The amount of carbon plants absorb is limited in a year. D Manchester City are the current champions of the English Premier League, and now they’re championing the cause of landfill waste by offering edible (可食用的) coffee and tea cups at their 55,000 seater Etihad Stadium. They played their first home match of the season, drumming Norwich City 5-0 while producing 0 pounds of disposable (一次性的) hot drinks cups — a disaster in a coffee loving country where a shocking 2.5 billion disposable cups are used every year. “It is the first time that an ‘edible coffee cup’ has been introduced. This fantastic and innovative solution provides an amazing solution to waste, just eat your cup,” reads a statement from the Etihad Stadium. The cup is made by a Scottish startup called BioBite, and is essentially a 100-calorie biscuit in the shape of a cup. Made with wafer (薄脆饼) in much the same way as an ice cream cone，the cup will stay leak-proof for 12 hours, and even more amazingly, crunchy for one-half the duration of a “football” match. According to the company’s website, the cup is fully recyclable, but the taste of coffee-soaked cup is actually delicious. There are several problems with making an edible coffee cup, however; and it’s why there still isn’t one today in the largest drinking chains. Edible cups truly might be the best solution, provided firms like BioBite can bring the cost-per-unit down. 240 of their biscuit cups cost $111, about 14 cents more than what Starbucks pays for the cup, the plastic lid, and the wood stirrer. Another limiting factor is that a wafer is not exactly the fuel of a healthy society. If there were a company that could make the wafers out of some kind of vegetable fiber, something many western diets are nutritionally short of, then you’re talking about a real revolution. 12. What is the purpose of writing the first paragraph? A To introduce the Manchester City. B. To arouse the awareness of preserving the environment. C. To put forward the subject of using edible cups. D. To cover a football match of Manchester City. 13. Which is true about the third paragraph? A. The popularity of the cup. B. The advantages of the cup. C. The ways of using the cup. D. The process of making the cup. 14. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. Western diets are short of nutrition. B. Wafers are made from vegetable fibers. C. The revolution for making cups is carried on. D. Western eating habits need improving. 15. What is the author’s attitude to the edible coffee cup? A. Stubborn. B. Carefree. C. Supportive. D. Objective. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Snuggling (偎依) up with your little one from an early age and diving into a book together is always a great way to spend time. ____16____ They will give your little one a flying start in life. Firstly, it’s a great introduction to reading, writing and vocabulary. Seeing an adult reading out the words and linking them to the shapes on the page begins to build literary building blocks that the children will use for the rest of their life. ____17____ It helps them build up their understanding of language as well as the wider world. ____18____ It boosts children’s minds and develops their social awareness and skills. At a time when they are perhaps stuck indoors more than ever before, reading is the best way to spark children’s imagination. You can travel to the moon, meet the Gruffalo and pop into a chocolate factory! This means children will have a solid creative base and develop their own story-telling skills while enjoying adventurous days at home. Fantastic lands, stories and characters can inspire play ideas for children too. However, you’ll find books fit for children are limited on your bookshelf. Don’t worry! ____19____. Reading time is a brilliant bonding tool with parents or carers, which builds up confidence and a sense of security for little ones. ____20____ It can even help them sleep better. Now is the perfect time to build up a library of remarkable reads ready for children to enjoy now and in the future. A. Turning to the Internet is a good idea. B. These stories can encourage future leaders and thinkers. C. Reading to your children from day one has a lot of benefits. D. Secondly, there are many brilliant effects of hearing stories. E. It can also make them get difficult feelings, like loss or sadness. F. Reading aloud introduces children to new words they might not hear daily. G. A regular bedtime story create s routine which small children especially love. 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The Fear of Public Speaking Raghu was a shy person since his childhood. He always had a fear of ___21___to people. After finishing high school, he joined a ___22___. He had to go to a city far from his hometown. He stayed in the college dormitory and for the first time in his life he was staying away from family. It was a new ___23___ for him, staying with so many people around him. But the environment made him ___24___ , so he tried to talk to his classmates actively. His ___25___ began to grow gradually. With the help of his classmates, he started ___26___ public speaking. One day he gained the___27___ to give a speech at the college annual event. He prepared himself very well for the event. ___28___ ,on the event day, he became ___29___ seeing such a large audience. His body started shaking, and no words came out of his mouth. Seeing his ___30___, Raghu’s classmates encouraged him and said, “Raghu, you prepared very well for this.Just remove any thoughts in your mind. Go and ___31___ yourself. We believe you can do it”. Raghu took a few deep breaths and said to himself, “You are ___32___ than what you think. You can do this”. He___33___the stage. As he started his speech, his voice ___34___ the attention of everyone in the ball. He was very confident and ___35___ went into the flow. After his speech, the audience gave him a standing ovation (热烈欢迎).On that day, Raghu gave one of the best speeches. 21. A. listening B. talking C. writing D. shouting 22. A. party B. club C. college D. committee 23. A. experience B. problem C. discovery D. performance 24. A. homesick B. curious C. panicked D. comfortable 25. A. ability B. confidence C. strength D. creativity 26. A. subscribing B. organizing C. practicing D. improving 27. A. opportunity B. resource C. moment D. pressure 28. A. Therefore B. Otherwise C. Besides D. However 29. A. excited B. nervous C. intelligent D. confused 30. A. eagerness B. topic C. challenge D. schedule 31. A. remind B. impress C. struggle D. present 32. A. stronger B. calmer C. smarter D. safer 33. A. searched for B. went onto C. tore down D. referred to 34. A. drew B. showed C. became D. discovered 35. A. actually B. particularly C. immediately D. naturally 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Mountains are important sources of water supply to humans. Among the ecosystem services _______36_______ (provide) by mountains, water supply is _______37_______ most important because of the large quantity of free-flowing water. Mountain water resources are affected by glacier melt, snowmelt run-off or rainfall run-off. Sustainable (可持续的) use of mountain water resources is important for both humans and global mountain biodiversity in the economic and _______38_______ (society) context of human progress. Particular attention should be given in the water resources _______39_______ (come) from the mountain areas. Sustainability has been _______40_______(previous)used as a term to describe a concern related to preservation of natural resources for future. The relation between human development and the need _______41_______ (manage) resources forms a principle to design a dialogue regarding environmental needs. So far, a limited number of studies _______42_______ (publish) on mountain water uses and sustainability. Most studies are focused _______43_______ examining prevention, diversions, and mountain water storage during floods or droughts. However, insights into water use, as well as employing state-of-the-art technologies, are very important from both a technological standpoint and as elements of practical sustainable _______44_______ (solution). The interplay between academics, policy makers, and decision makers is important in expanding the scientific knowledge of mountain regions and the ways in _______45_______ water resources could be used in a more sustainable way. 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分 15 分) 46. 上周日你班举办了以“亲近大自然”为主题的“秋游红叶谷”活动。 请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括： 1参加人员； 2.活动过程； 3.个人感受。 注意: 1.词数 80 左右； 2.可以适当增加细节， 以使行文连贯。 An Autumn Outing to the Red Leaf Valley ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段， 使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Peter a 5-year-old boy, showed such great interest in sea shells that he would rush to pick them up with his 3-year-old sister, Shirley. They screamed out their joy as Peter collected his treasure into his pockets. For Peter, sea shells lay shining on the peaceful beach, waiting for him, just like stars twinkling (闪烁) in the sky. As waves touched them, they seemed to be flowers blooming (绽放) in gentle wind. One day, Peter was wandering through market with Shirley, with some shells in his pocket. Suddenly Peter found his younger sister was lagging (落后) behind. He stopped and looked back, finding Shirley was standing in front of a toy shop and was staring at something with great interest. The boy went back to her and asked, “What do you want?” Shirley pointed at the doll, wearing a smile on her innocent face. Peter held his younger sister’s tiny hand, walking into the shop. He tiptoed (踮起脚尖) to reach for the doll, and like a responsible elder brother, gave the precious doll to Shirley. Holding tightly the doll, the sister was very happy. The shop keeper was watching everything and getting amused to see the matured behavior of the boy. Now the boy came to the counter and asked the shopkeeper, “How much does this doll cost, Sir?” The shopkeeper was a cool man, who had suffered from something in his life. So he asked the boy with love and affection, “Well, what can you pay?” Peter reached into his clothes for money that was intended for these two little guys’ breakfast. Having counted the money, Peter put it carefully on the counter, asking again, “Sir, is it enough for my little sister’s doll?” The amusing scene just in front of the shopkeeper eventually brought a smile on his face. Shaking his head slightly, he replied, “My boy, I am afraid it seems not to be enough.” 注意： 1.所续写短文的词数应为 150 左右; 2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好： Paragraph 1: With his eyes fixed on Peter’s pocket, he wondered what Peter would do. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: Seeing Peter leaving happily with his sister holding the doll tightly, an assistant in that shop got surprised. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1~5 CABCA 6~10 BCABA 11~15 CBACB 16~20 CBACA 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 长江卫生中等职业技术学校2024—2025学年度高二11月考试 英语试题 注意事项： 1.本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上. 2.回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑.如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号.写在本试卷上无效. 3.回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上.写在本试卷上无效. 4.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回. (满分：150分;考试时间：120分钟) 2024年11月 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)略 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分 37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Here are some national parks where visitors can enjoy varieties of wildlife. Acadia National Park, Maine The Atlantic Ocean meets the cliff-lined Maine coast at this popular park, providing habitat for wildlife with feet and flippers. From the shore, scan the water for marine life like sharks or gray seals (海豹). On land, you might spot beavers, snowshoe hares, or bobcats. In between, in the intertidal zone, tide pools hold translucent anemones, sea urchins, snails, and sea stars. Cuyahoga Valley National Park, Ohio The park is a mixed ecosystem of oak-hickory forest, meadows, and wetlands sheltering a variety of animals. You can see water-loving mammals or snapping turtles. More than 200 species of bird live or migrate through the park, including nesting peregrine falcons and bald eagles. Pinnacles National Park, California Nearly being in extinction in the 1980s, the number of mighty California condors (秃鹰) now increases again over volcanic peaks. Intense recovery efforts, including a captive breeding (圈养繁殖) program, have brought a significant increase of the population, which was just 22in 1982. If you have binoculars, you’ll have a good chance of seeing condors flying in the mornings and evenings. Others include golden eagles, peregrine falcons and bees. Dry Tortugas National Park, Florida Contrary to its name, water makes up 99 percent of this park. Visitors can see five species of endangered sea turtles nest on the beaches or swimming. Book a snorkeling to explore the reefs, where green sea turtles, nurse sharks, and decorator crabs live am id corals. Divers can also access the Windjammer Wreck site, where a ship that sank (沉没) in 1907 provides a home for marine life. 1. When introducing wildlife, the author divides the Acadia National Park into __________. A. two areas B. three areas C. four areas D. five areas 2. How does the California condor increase its population? A. With another country’s technical support. B. By hunting for food on volcanic peaks. C. With the assistance of human beings. D. By competing with new species. 3. In which park can visitors see a sunk ship? A. Acadia National Park. B. Cuyahoga Valley National Park. C. Pinnacles National Park. D. Dry Tortugas National Park. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四个可以欣赏到各种野生动物的国家公园。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一个小标题部分中“From the shore, scan the water for marine life like sharks or gray seals (海豹). On land, you might spot beavers, snowshoe hares, or bobcats. In between, in the intertidal zone, tide pools hold translucent anemones, sea urchins, snails, and sea stars. (在海边，扫描水面寻找海洋生物，如鲨鱼或灰海豹。在陆地上，你可能会发现海狸、雪鞋兔或美洲狮。在它们之间，潮间带区域的海水池里生活着透明的水母、海胆、蜗牛和海星。)”可知，在介绍野生动物时，作者将阿卡迪亚国家公园分为海岸上、陆地上、潮间带三部分。故选B项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三个小标题部分中“Intense recovery efforts, including a captive breeding (圈养繁殖) program, have brought a significant increase of the population, which was just 22in 1982. (包括圈养繁殖计划在内的积极恢复工作使种群数量显著增加，该种群在1982年时仅剩22只。)”可知，加州秃鹫其数量是在人类的帮助下增加的。故选C项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一个小标题部分中“Divers can also access the Windjammer Wreck site, where a ship that sank (沉没) in 1907 provides a home for marine life. (潜水员还可以前往风帆船残骸遗址，那里一艘1907年沉没的船只为海洋生物提供了栖息之所。)”可知，在佛罗里达州的Dry Tortugas National Park可以看到沉船。故选D项。 B When Emanuel received an email from Professor Richard English, Queen’s Pro-Vice-Chancellor at the School of History, Anthropology, Philosophy and Politics, encouraging him to apply for a PhD in Polities in Belfast it was a pinch-me moment Emanual never thought would be possible. After all, just a few short years ago, he was living on the streets, couch-surfing at friends’ houses and weeding gardens to make ends meet. Now, one of the world’s leading political academics was preparing to welcome him to Queen’s University, over 4,000 miles away. Emanuel never knew who his father was and his mom was mentally ill when she gave birth to him, so the hospital took him off her and he was unofficially adopted for the first few years of his life. What followed was a childhood with uncertainty as Emanuel was passed between the adoption system and family members. Through his high school and community college years, he moved from house to house, living with friends at times and living on the streets at others. Determined to change all that, despite his rocky start in life; Emanuel involved himself in school - doing everything he could to earn extra tuition money in his spare time. But getting accepted into university was scarcely possible because a person like him couldn’t get a regular student loan. Fortunately, the government backed him, having created a policy allowing disadvantaged persons to access funding for higher education. He graduated from the University of the West Indies with a 1st Class Honours degree and went on to do his Masters. Emanuel knows that his story could have been very different. “I discovered Professor Richard English online and sent him an email honestly, not thinking he would reply, and to my surprise, he did. I applied for the highly competitive Commonwealth Shared Scholarship Scheme in order to fund my research at Queen’s. When I was told I was successful, my whole world changed.” 4. What does the underlined word “pinch-me” in Paragraph 1 probably mean? A. Expected. B. Unbelievable. C. Awkward. D. Anxious. 5. What happened to EmanueI in his childhood? A. He was once adopted by his relatives. B. He was abandoned by his mother. C. Hy’ s father was mentally ill. D. The lived with his friends now and then. 6. How did Emanuel afford his university education? A By receiving a regular student loan. B. By earning the tuition all by himself. C. By borrowing the money from friends. D. By getting the support from the government. 7. What can we learn from Emanuel’s story? A. Well begun is half done. B. It’s never too old to learn. C. You are the master of your life. D. Lost time is never found again. 【答案】4. B 5. A 6. D 7. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Emanuel从一个生活在街头、处于不利环境的年轻人，通过努力和政府的支持，如愿进入大学并获得学位，最后被邀请申请去贝尔法斯特女王大学攻读政治学博士的励志故事。 【4题详解】 词句猜测题。根据文章第一段“Emanual never thought would be possible. (艾曼纽从未想过这会是可能的。)”可知，这是一个让人难以置信的时刻。 pinch-me意为“难以置信的”。故选B。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“What followed was a childhood with uncertainty as Emanuel was passed between the adoption system and family members. (接下来的是一个充满不确定性的童年，因为艾曼纽在收养系统和家庭成员之间被传递。)”可知，他在童年时期曾经被亲戚们收养。故选A。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Fortunately, the government backed him, having created a policy allowing disadvantaged personsto access funding for higher education. (幸运的是，政府支持他，制定了一项政策 ，允许弱势群体获得高等教育资金。)”可知，伊曼纽尔通过获得政府的资助来支付他的大学学费。故选D。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。文章讲述了Emanuel从一个生活在街头、处于不利环境的年轻人，通过努力和政府的支持，如愿进入大学并获得学位，最后被邀请申请去贝尔法斯特女王大学攻读政治学博士的励志故事。他用自己的努力完成了人生的逆袭。因此文章的主要目的是为了告诉我们：“You are the master of your life. (你就是你生命的主人。)”。故选C。 C Trees take carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and store it in complex molecules (分子), releasing oxygen. The more photosynthesis (光合作用), the more carbon is locked away. Carbon dioxide is a major driver of climate change, so the more that can be taken out of the atmosphere by plants, the better. With the warmer climate leading to a longer growing season, some researchers have suggested that more carbon dioxide would be absorbed by trees and other plants than in previous times. But a new study has changed this theory and could have profound effects on how we adapt to climate change. The researchers at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology studied the degree to which the timing of colour changes in autumn tree leaves was determined by the growth of the plants in the previous spring and summer. Using data from the Pan European Phenology Project, which has tracked some trees for as long as 65 years, the researchers found in their long-term observational study that as the rate of photosynthesis increased, leaves changed colour and fell earlier in the year. For every 10% increase in photosynthetic activity over the spring and summer growing season, trees shed their leaves, on average, eight days earlier. This research shows that deciduous (每年落叶的) trees can only absorb a set amount of carbon each year and once that limit is reached, no more can be absorbed. At that point, leaves begin to change colour. This limit is set by the availability of nutrients, particularly nitrogen (氮气), and the physical structure of the plant itself, particularly the inner vessels which move water and dissolved nutrients around. Nitrogen is a key nutrient which plants need in order to grow, and it’s often the amount of available nitrogen that limits total growth. This is why farmers and gardeners use nitrogen fertilisers (肥料) to overcome this limitation. It suggests that by 2100, when tree growing seasons are expected to be between 22 and 34 days longer, leaves will fall from trees between three and six days earlier than they do now. 8. What can we know from the first two paragraphs? A. More carbon dioxide has been absorbed by plants than before. B. Higher temperature has an influence on plants’ growing season. C. Climate change can be solved naturally through photosynthesis. D Plants can give off oxygen and molecules through photosynthesis. 9. How many days earlier may leaves averagely fall with 20% increase in photosynthesis? A. Eight days. B. Sixteen days. C. Twenty-eight days. D. Thirty-four days. 10. What does the underlined word “vessels” mean in Paragraph 5? A. Basins. B. Wells. C. Containers D. Channels. 11. What does the author mainly intend to inform us? A. Nitrogen is an essential nutrient for plant growing. B. Warmer climate contributes to longer growing season. C Farmers use fertilizers to increase the growth of plants. D. The amount of carbon plants absorb is limited in a year. 【答案】8. B 9. B 10. D 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。这篇文章分析了树木吸收二氧化碳的能力以及气候变暖对树木生长季节的影响。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“With the warmer climate leading to a longer growing season, some researchers have suggested that more carbon dioxide would be absorbed by trees and other plants than in previous times. (随着气候变暖导致生长季节变长，一些研究人员认为，树木和其他植物吸收的二氧化碳将比以前更多。)”可知，高温对植物的生长季节有影响。故选B。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“For every 10% increase in photosynthetic activity over the spring and summer growing season, trees shed their leaves, on average, eight days earlier. (在春季和夏季生长季节，光合作用活动每增加10%，树木平均提前8天落叶。)”可知，在光合作用增加20%的情况下，树叶平均提前落下的天数是28=16天。故选B。 【10题详解】 词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段“This limit is set by the availability of nutrients, particularly nitrogen (氮气), and the physical structure of the plant itself, particularly the inner (这一限制是由营养物质，特别是氮的可用性和植物本身的物理结构决定的，特别是内部的)”和“move water and dissolved nutrients around (移动水和溶解的营养物质)”可知，植物的内部移动水和溶解的营养物质的是导管，划线词所在句子表示“这个限制是由营养物质，特别是氮的可用性和植物本身的物理结构决定的，特别是内部的导管，它在周围移动水和溶解的营养物质”，划线词的意思是“导管”，和channels意思相近，故选D。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段“This research shows that deciduous (每年落叶的) trees can only absorb a set amount of carbon each year and once that limit is reached，no more can be absorbed. (这项研究表明，落叶树每年只能吸收一定量的碳，一旦达到这个限度，就不能再吸收了。)”可知，本文主要想告诉我们植物一年吸收的碳量是有限的。故选D。 D Manchester City are the current champions of the English Premier League, and now they’re championing the cause of landfill waste by offering edible (可食用的) coffee and tea cups at their 55,000 seater Etihad Stadium. They played their first home match of the season, drumming Norwich City 5-0 while producing 0 pounds of disposable (一次性的) hot drinks cups — a disaster in a coffee loving country where a shocking 2.5 billion disposable cups are used every year. “It is the first time that an ‘edible coffee cup’ has been introduced. This fantastic and innovative solution provides an amazing solution to waste, just eat your cup,” reads a statement from the Etihad Stadium. The cup is made by a Scottish startup called BioBite, and is essentially a 100-calorie biscuit in the shape of a cup. Made with wafer (薄脆饼) in much the same way as an ice cream cone，the cup will stay leak-proof for 12 hours, and even more amazingly, crunchy for one-half the duration of a “football” match. According to the company’s website, the cup is fully recyclable, but the taste of coffee-soaked cup is actually delicious. There are several problems with making an edible coffee cup, however; and it’s why there still isn’t one today in the largest drinking chains. Edible cups truly might be the best solution, provided firms like BioBite can bring the cost-per-unit down. 240 of their biscuit cups cost $111, about 14 cents more than what Starbucks pays for the cup, the plastic lid, and the wood stirrer. Another limiting factor is that a wafer is not exactly the fuel of a healthy society. If there were a company that could make the wafers out of some kind of vegetable fiber, something many western diets are nutritionally short of, then you’re talking about a real revolution. 12. What is the purpose of writing the first paragraph? A. To introduce the Manchester City. B. To arouse the awareness of preserving the environment. C. To put forward the subject of using edible cups. D. To cover a football match of Manchester City. 13. Which is true about the third paragraph? A. The popularity of the cup. B. The advantages of the cup. C. The ways of using the cup. D. The process of making the cup. 14. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. Western diets are short of nutrition. B. Wafers are made from vegetable fibers. C. The revolution for making cups is carried on. D. Western eating habits need improving. 15. What is the author’s attitude to the edible coffee cup? A. Stubborn. B. Carefree. C. Supportive. D. Objective. 【答案】12. C 13. B 14. D 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了曼彻斯特城俱乐部提供可食用的咖啡和茶杯以减少土地废弃物，并介绍了这种可食用杯子的制造方法和优缺点。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的“They played their first home match of the season, drumming Norwich City 5-0 while producing 0 pounds of disposable (一次性的) hot drinks cups — a disaster in a coffee loving country where a shocking 2.5 billion disposable cups are used every year. (他们进行了本赛季的首场主场比赛，以5比0大胜诺维奇城队，同时没有使用一次性热饮杯——在一个热爱咖啡的国家，这是一个灾难，每年竟然惊人地使用了25亿个一次性杯子。)”可知，第一段指出一场比赛所产生的一次性杯子的数量惊人。而文章第二段““It is the first time that an ‘edible coffee cup’ has been introduced. This fantastic and innovative solution provides an amazing solution to waste, just eat your cup,” reads a statement from the Etihad Stadium. (“这是第一次推出‘可食用咖啡杯’。这个神奇而创新的解决方案为浪费提供了一个惊人的解决方案，只要吃你的杯子，”阿提哈德体育场的一份声明中写道。)”可知，第二段提出本文的主题——可食用咖啡杯。由此可知，第一段的目的是引出本文主题。故选C。 【13题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“the cup will stay leak-proof for 12 hours, and even more amazingly, crunchy for one-half the duration of a “football” match. According to the company’s website, the cup is fully recyclable, but the taste of coffee-soaked cup is actually delicious. (杯子可以保持12小时不漏水，更令人惊讶的是，在一场足球比赛的一半时间里，它还能保持酥脆。根据公司网站的说法，杯子是完全可回收的，但浸泡了咖啡的杯子的味道其实很美味。)”可知，第三段主要讲述了杯子的优点。故选B。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Another limiting factor is that a wafer is not exactly the fuel of a healthy society. If there were a company that could make the wafers out of some kind of vegetable fiber, something many western diets are nutritionally short of, then you’re talking about a real revolution. (另一个限制因素是，薄脆饼并不是一个健康社会的燃料。如果有一家公司可以用某种蔬菜纤维制作薄脆饼，而这种纤维是许多西方饮食中营养所缺乏的，那么你就是在谈论一场真正的革命。)”可推测出，西方饮食中缺乏营养的植物纤维，需要改善西方饮食。故选D。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段主要讲述了杯子的优点；而文章第五段“Edible cups truly might be the best solution, provided firms like BioBite can bring the cost-per-unit down. (如果BioBite这样的公司能够降低单位成本，可食用杯子可能是最好的解决方案。)”以及第六段“Another limiting factor is that a wafer is not exactly the fuel of a healthy society. (另一个限制因素是，薄脆饼并不是健康社会的理想燃料。)”则讲述了这种杯子的缺点。由此可知，作者对这种可食用杯子抱有客观的态度。故选D。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Snuggling (偎依) up with your little one from an early age and diving into a book together is always a great way to spend time. ____16____ They will give your little one a flying start in life. Firstly, it’s a great introduction to reading, writing and vocabulary. Seeing an adult reading out the words and linking them to the shapes on the page begins to build literary building blocks that the children will use for the rest of their life. ____17____ It helps them build up their understanding of language as well as the wider world. ____18____ It boosts children’s minds and develops their social awareness and skills. At a time when they are perhaps stuck indoors more than ever before, reading is the best way to spark children’s imagination. You can travel to the moon, meet the Gruffalo and pop into a chocolate factory! This means children will have a solid creative base and develop their own story-telling skills while enjoying adventurous days at home. Fantastic lands, stories and characters can inspire play ideas for children too. However, you’ll find books fit for children are limited on your bookshelf. Don’t worry! ____19____. Reading time is a brilliant bonding tool with parents or carers, which builds up confidence and a sense of security for little ones. ____20____ It can even help them sleep better. Now is the perfect time to build up a library of remarkable reads ready for children to enjoy now and in the future. A. Turning to the Internet is a good idea. B. These stories can encourage future leaders and thinkers. C. Reading to your children from day one has a lot of benefits. D. Secondly, there are many brilliant effects of hearing stories. E. It can also make them get difficult feelings, like loss or sadness. F. Reading aloud introduces children to new words they might not hear daily. G. A regular bedtime story create s routine which small children especially love. 【答案】16. C 17. F 18. D 19. A 20. G 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了从小给孩子读书的种种好处。 【16题详解】 根据前文“Snuggling (偎依) up with your little one from an early age and diving into a book together is always a great way to spend time. (从小就和你的孩子依偎在一起，一起沉浸在书中，这是一个很好的消磨时间的方式。)”和后文“They will give your little one a flying start in life. (他们会给你的孩子的生活一个良好的开端。)”可知，此处指给孩子读书很有好处，所以选项C“Reading to your children from day one has a lot of benefits. (从孩子出生的第一天起就给他们读书有很多好处。)”切合文意。故选C。 【17题详解】 根据前文“Firstly, it’s a great introduction to reading, writing and vocabulary. Seeing an adult reading out the words and linking them to the shapes on the page begins to build literary building blocks that the children will use for the rest of their life. (首先，它是一个很好的阅读、写作和词汇的入门。看到成年人朗读单词并将它们与页面上的形状联系起来，开始构建孩子们将在余生中使用的文学基础。)”可知，此处指阅读可以向孩子介绍更广阔的词汇，选项F“Reading aloud introduces children to new words they might not hear daily. (大声朗读可以让孩子们接触到他们可能不是每天都听到的新单词。)”中的“new words”与前文中的“vocabulary”相呼应。故选F。 【18题详解】 根据上一段“Firstly (首先)”和后文“It boosts children’s minds and develops their social awareness and skills. At a time when they are perhaps stuck indoors more than ever before, reading is the best way to spark children’s imagination. (它有助于培养儿童的思维能力，发展他们的社交意识和技能。在孩子们可能比以往任何时候都更多地被困在室内的时候，阅读是激发他们想象力的最佳方式。)”可知，此处指给孩子读故事的好处的第二点好处，所以选项D“Secondly, there are many brilliant effects of hearing stories. (其次，听故事有很多绝妙的效果。)”符合语境。故选D。 【19题详解】 根据前文“However, you’ll find books fit for children are limited on your bookshelf. Don’t worry! (然而，你会发现适合儿童的书在你的书架上是有限的。别担心！)”可知，此处是提出“自己书架上的儿童书籍有限”这一问题的解决方案，所以选项A“Turning to the Internet is a good idea. (求助互联网是个好主意。)”符合语境。故选A。 【20题详解】 根据后文“It can even help them sleep better. (它甚至可以帮助他们睡得更好)”可知，能帮助孩子睡得好的应是指睡前故事，选项G“A regular bedtime story creates routine which small children especially love. (有规律的睡前故事是小孩子特别喜欢的。)”中的“A regular bedtime story”与后文中的“It”指代内容相符。故选G。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The Fear of Public Speaking Raghu was a shy person since his childhood. He always had a fear of ___21___to people. After finishing high school he joined a ___22___. He had to go to a city far from his hometown. He stayed in the college dormitory and for the first time in his life he was staying away from family. It was a new ___23___ for him, staying with so many people around him. But the environment made him ___24___ , so he tried to talk to his classmates actively. His ___25___ began to grow gradually. With the help of his classmates, he started ___26___ public speaking. One day he gained the___27___ to give a speech at the college annual event. He prepared himself very well for the event. ___28___ ,on the event day, he became ___29___ seeing such a large audience. His body started shaking, and no words came out of his mouth. Seeing his ___30___, Raghu’s classmates encouraged him and said, “Raghu, you prepared very well for this.Just remove any thoughts in your mind. Go and ___31___ yourself. We believe you can do it”. Raghu took a few deep breaths and said to himself, “You are ___32___ than what you think. You can do this”. He___33___the stage. As he started his speech, his voice ___34___ the attention of everyone in the ball. He was very confident and ___35___ went into the flow. After his speech, the audience gave him a standing ovation (热烈欢迎).On that day, Raghu gave one of the best speeches. 21. A. listening B. talking C. writing D. shouting 22. A. party B. club C. college D. committee 23. A. experience B. problem C. discovery D. performance 24. A. homesick B. curious C. panicked D. comfortable 25. A. ability B. confidence C. strength D. creativity 26. A. subscribing B. organizing C. practicing D. improving 27. A. opportunity B. resource C. moment D. pressure 28. A. Therefore B. Otherwise C. Besides D. However 29. A. excited B. nervous C. intelligent D. confused 30. A. eagerness B. topic C. challenge D. schedule 31. A. remind B. impress C. struggle D. present 32. A. stronger B. calmer C. smarter D. safer 33. A. searched for B. went onto C. tore down D. referred to 34. A. drew B. showed C. became D. discovered 35. A. actually B. particularly C. immediately D. naturally 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. C 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. A 35. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Raghu从小害羞，害怕与人交流，后来进入大学后克服了沟通障碍，试着与同学交流，他在一次学院年度活动上发表演讲，开始时很紧张，在同学的鼓励下成功完成演讲的故事。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他总是害怕和人说话。A. listening听；B. talking谈话；C. writing写；D. shouting喊。根据后文“so he tried to talk to his classmates actively (所以他尝试积极地与他的同学们交流。)”可知，之前Raghu害怕与人交谈。故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：高中毕业后，他进入了一所大学。A. party聚会；B. club俱乐部；C. college大学；D. committee委员会。根据后文“He stayed in the college dormitory and for the first time in his life he was staying away from family. (他住在大学宿舍里，这是他人生中第一次远离家人。)”可知，他进入了一所大学。故选C项。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对他来说是一种全新的体验，身边有这么多人。A. experience体验；B. problem问题；C. discovery发现；D. performance表演。根据“staying with so many people around him (身边围绕着许多人)”与前文“害怕与人交谈”对比可知，身边有这么多人是一种新的体验。故选A项。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但这样的环境让他感到很舒服，所以他试着积极和同学们交流。A. homesick想家的；B. curious好奇的；C. panicked惊慌的；D. comfortable舒服的。根据后文“so he tried to talk to his classmates actively. (所以他试着积极地和同学们交谈。)”可知，周围的环境让他感觉舒适，才会去积极交流。故选D项。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的自信心开始逐渐增强。A. ability能力；B. confidence自信；C. strength力量；D. creativity创造力。根据前文“Raghu was a shy person since his childhood. (Raghu从小就是一个害羞的人。)”以及后文“He was very confident (他非常自信)”可知，此时他的自信心开始增强。故选B项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在同学们的帮助下，他开始练习当众讲话。A. subscribing订阅；B. organizing组织；C. practicing练习；D. improving改善。根据后文“One day he gained the … to give a speech at the college annual event. (有一天他获得了在学院年度活动上发表演讲的机会。)”可知，他获得了在学院年度活动上发表演讲的机会，是因为他开始练习当众讲话，改掉了以前害羞的毛病。故选C项。 27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一天，他获得了一次学院年度活动上发表演讲的机会。A. opportunity机会；B. resource资源；C. moment时刻；D. pressure压力。根据后文“give a speech at the college annual event”可知，这是一次在学院年度活动上发表演讲的“机会”。故选A项。 【28题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，在活动当天，他看到这么多观众，开始紧张起来。 A. Therefore因此；B. Otherwise否则；C. Besides此外；D. However然而。根据后文“His body started shaking, and no words came out of his mouth. (他的身体开始颤抖，嘴里说不出话来。)”可知，他很紧张，结合前文“He prepared himself very well for the event (他非常充分地为这个活动做了准备。)”可知，他为了演讲准备得很好，空处前后句形成了转折关系，故用“However然而”表示转折。故选D项。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，在活动当天，他看到这么多观众，开始紧张起来。A. excited激动的；B. nervous紧张的；C. intelligent聪明的；D. confused困惑的。根据后文“His body started shaking, and no words came out of his mouth. (他的身体开始颤抖，嘴里说不出话来。)”可知，他很紧张。故选B项。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：看到他面临的挑战，Raghu的同学鼓励他说：“Raghu，你准备得非常充分。只需清除你脑海中的任何想法。去展示你自己吧。我们相信你能行”。A. eagerness迫切；B. topic话题；C. challenge挑战；D. schedule计划。根据前文“His body started shaking, and no words came out of his mouth. (他的身体开始颤抖，嘴里说不出话来。)”可知，他很紧张，这是他面临的一个艰难的“挑战”。故选C项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到他面临的挑战，Raghu的同学鼓励他说：“Raghu，你准备得非常充分。只需清除你脑海中的任何想法。去展示你自己吧。我们相信你能行”。A. remind提醒；B. impress给……留下深刻印象；C. struggle挣扎；D. present展示。根据前文“One day he gained the … to give a speech at the college annual event (有一天他获得了在学院年度活动上发表演讲的机会)”可知，这是一次在舞台上“展示”自己的机会。故选D项。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Raghu深吸了几口气，对自己说：“你比自己想象的要坚强。你能做到的”。A. stronger更坚强；B. calmer更冷静；C. smarter更聪明；D. safer更安全。根据前文可知，他是害羞的惧怕和人交谈的人，此刻他准备演讲，克服了困难证明自己是坚强的。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他走上了舞台。A. searched for寻找；B. went onto走上；C. tore down撕碎；D. referred to提及。根据后文“he started his speech”可知，他走上了舞台，开始演讲。故选B项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他开始演讲时，他的声音吸引了礼堂里所有人的注意。A. drew吸引；B. showed展示；C. became成为；D. discovered发现。根据后文“After his speech, the audience gave him a standing ovation. (他的演讲结束后，观众起立为他鼓掌。)”可知，观众对他的演讲很认可，可推知在他演讲时，他吸引了观众的注意力。故选A项。 【35题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他非常自信，立刻进入了状态。A. actually事实上；B. particularly尤其；C. immediately立即；D. naturally自然地。根据前文“He was very confident. (他非常自信。)”可知，他找回了自信，立即调整好了状态。故选C项。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Mountains are important sources of water supply to humans. Among the ecosystem services _______36_______ (provide) by mountains, water supply is _______37_______ most important because of the large quantity of free-flowing water. Mountain water resources are affected by glacier melt, snowmelt run-off or rainfall run-off. Sustainable (可持续的) use of mountain water resources is important for both humans and global mountain biodiversity in the economic and _______38_______ (society) context of human progress. Particular attention should be given in the water resources _______39_______ (come) from the mountain areas. Sustainability has been _______40_______(previous)used as a term to describe a concern related to preservation of natural resources for future. The relation between human development and the need _______41_______ (manage) resources forms a principle to design a dialogue regarding environmental needs. So far, a limited number of studies _______42_______ (publish) on mountain water uses and sustainability. Most studies are focused _______43_______ examining prevention, diversions, and mountain water storage during floods or droughts. However, insights into water use, as well as employing state-of-the-art technologies, are very important from both a technological standpoint and as elements of practical sustainable _______44_______ (solution). The interplay between academics, policy makers, and decision makers is important in expanding the scientific knowledge of mountain regions and the ways in _______45_______ water resources could be used in a more sustainable way. 【答案】36. provided 37. the 38. social 39. coming 40. previously 41. to manage 42. have been published 43. on 44. solutions 45. which 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了山地水资源的重要性及其对人类及生物多样性的影响，强调了可持续利用这些资源的必要性。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在山区提供的生态系统服务中，供水是最重要的，因为山区有大量的自由流动的水。分析句子结构可知，provide与逻辑主语services构成被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。故填provided。 【37题详解】 考查冠词。句意：在山区提供的生态系统服务中，供水是最重要的，因为山区有大量的自由流动的水。most important为最高级，前面应用定冠词。故填the。 【38题详解】 考查形容词。句意：在人类进步的经济和社会背景下，山区水资源的可持续利用对人类和全球山区生物多样性都很重要。修饰名词context应用形容词social，作定语。故填social。 【39题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：应特别注意来自山区的水资源。分析句子结构可知，空处为非谓语动词，come与逻辑主语the water resources构成主动关系，故用现在分词作后置定语。故填coming。 【40题详解】 考查副词。句意：可持续性以前被用作一个术语来描述与未来保护自然资源有关的问题。修饰动词use，应用副词previously。故填previously。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：人的发展与管理资源的需要之间的关系构成了设计关于环境需要的对话的原则。短语the need to do sth.表示“做某事的需要”，用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to manage。 【42题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：到目前为止，发表的关于山区水资源利用和可持续性的研究数量有限。主语a limited number of studies与谓语publish构成被动关系，故需用被动语态：be+过去分词；根据上文so far可知，此处为现在完成时，要用现在完成时的被动语态have/has+动词过去分词，主语为a limited number of studies，助动词用复数形式have。故填have been published。 【43题详解】 考查介词。句意：大多数研究都集中在洪水或干旱期间的预防、调水和山区蓄水方面。短语focus on表示“关注于，集中于”，固定短语。故填on。 【44题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：然而，从技术角度和作为实际可持续解决办法的组成部分来看，对用水的洞察以及采用最先进的技术都是非常重要的。“solution (解决方案)”为可数名词，前文没有冠词等限定词，故此处应用复数形式。故填solutions。 【45题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：学者、政策制定者和决策者之间的相互作用对于扩大山区的科学知识和以更可持续的方式利用水资源的方式是重要的。分析句子结构可知，此处为“介词+关系代词”的结构的定语从句，修饰先行词ways，空前有介词in，故关系代词为which。故填which。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分 15 分) 46. 上周日你班举办了以“亲近大自然”为主题的“秋游红叶谷”活动。 请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括： 1.参加人员； 2.活动过程； 3.个人感受。 注意: 1.词数 80 左右； 2.可以适当增加细节， 以使行文连贯。 An Autumn Outing to the Red Leaf Valley ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文： An Autumn Outing to the Red Leaf Valley Last Sunday, we participated in a one-day trip to the Red Leaf Valley organized by our class, which intended us to get close to nature. At 6 a.m, we started on foot from the gate of our school and it took an hour before we reached our destination. During the walk, we not only breathed fresh air but appreciated fantastic surrounding views. In the valley, so attractive were the red leaves that all our stress was relieved. We took some beautiful pictures and enjoyed a wonderful picnic. This activity rewarded us with an unforgettable memory. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。上周日你班举办了以“亲近大自然”为主题的“秋游红叶谷”活动，请你为校英文报写一篇报道，介绍参加人员，活动过程以及个人感受。 【详解】1.词汇积累 参加：participate in → join in 到达：reach→ get to 步行：on foot→ walking 缓解：relieve→ moderate 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：We took some beautiful pictures and enjoyed a wonderful picnic. 拓展句：After we took some beautiful pictures, we enjoyed a wonderful picnic. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Last Sunday, we participated in a one-day trip to the Red Leaf Valley organized by our class, which intended us to get close to nature. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】 In the valley, so attractive were the red leaves that all our stress was relieved.  (运用了倒装结构及so... that...引导的结果状语从句) 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段， 使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Peter a 5-year-old boy, showed such great interest in sea shells that he would rush to pick them up with his 3-year-old sister, Shirley. They screamed out their joy as Peter collected his treasure into his pockets. For Peter, sea shells lay shining on the peaceful beach, waiting for him, just like stars twinkling (闪烁) in the sky. As waves touched them, they seemed to be flowers blooming (绽放) in gentle wind. One day, Peter was wandering through market with Shirley, with some shells in his pocket. Suddenly Peter found his younger sister was lagging (落后) behind. He stopped and looked back, finding Shirley was standing in front of a toy shop and was staring at something with great interest. The boy went back to her and asked, “What do you want?” Shirley pointed at the doll, wearing a smile on her innocent face. Peter held his younger sister’s tiny hand, walking into the shop. He tiptoed (踮起脚尖) to reach for the doll, and like a responsible elder brother, gave the precious doll to Shirley. Holding tightly the doll, the sister was very happy. The shop keeper was watching everything and getting amused to see the matured behavior of the boy. Now the boy came to the counter and asked the shopkeeper, “How much does this doll cost, Sir?” The shopkeeper was a cool man, who had suffered from something in his life. So he asked the boy with love and affection, “Well, what can you pay?” Peter reached into his clothes for money that was intended for these two little guys’ breakfast. Having counted the money, Peter put it carefully on the counter, asking again, “Sir, is it enough for my little sister’s doll?” The amusing scene just in front of the shopkeeper eventually brought a smile on his face. Shaking his head slightly, he replied, “My boy, I am afraid it seems not to be enough.” 注意： 1.所续写短文的词数应为 150 左右; 2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好： Paragraph 1: With his eyes fixed on Peter’s pocket, he wondered what Peter would do. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: Seeing Peter leaving happily with his sister holding the doll tightly, an assistant in that shop got surprised. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文： With his eyes fixed on Peter’s pocket, he wondered what Peter would do. Hesitantly taking out the treasured sea shells in his pockets, Peter asked in a low voice, “Sir, can these help cover the cost?” Watching the 5-year-old boy carefully lay down all his shining shells on the counter, the man was somewhat touched, but he just pretended to be counting the shells seriously, “Let me see, one, two…OK. The shells are just enough. You can take the doll and save the money”. Hearing this, Peter felt truly amazed and thanked the shopkeeper, who actually wanted to thank the two little kids, especially when he saw a big smile quickly spread over the little girl’s innocent face. They said goodbye and went out happily with the doll. Seeing Peter leaving happily with his sister holding the doll tightly, an assistant in that shop got surprised. Since his boss had been in such a low mood recently that he seldom wore any smile and talked much. When the shopkeeper turned around and noticed the assistant’s surprised look, he said smilingly, “lovely kids, aren’t they? When I see the little boy is willing to take all he has to buy a doll for his lovely sister, it really warms my heart.” The assistant replied thoughtfully, “When he grows up, he will remember he purchased a doll for his sister with the shells from a shopkeeper, which will surely warm his heart, too.” 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了一个以贝壳为宝物的小男孩与妹妹逛商场，妹妹渴望得到洋娃娃，但没有足够钱的故事。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“他的眼睛盯着彼得的口袋，不知道彼得会怎么做。”可知，第一段可描写Peter将自己宝贵的贝壳拿出来给妹妹买了洋娃娃。 ②由第二段首句内容“看到彼得带着妹妹紧紧地抱着洋娃娃高兴地走了，那家商店的一个售货员很惊讶。”可知，第二段可描写店主解释想要帮助Peter的原因。 2. 续写线索：掏出贝壳——留下贝壳——高兴离开——店员惊讶——店主解释。 3. 词汇激活： 行为类 ①掏出贝壳：take out shells→pull out shells ②数钱：count money→tell over money ③珍惜：cherish→treasure 情绪类 ①下定决心：make up one’ s mind→be determined to ②高兴：be glad→happy/cheerful ③惊讶：be amazed→surprised 【点睛】【高分句型1】When he grows up, he will remember he purchased a doll for his sister with the shells from a shopkeeper. (运用了when引导的时间状语从句) 【高分句型2】Hearing this, Peter felt truly amazed and thanked the shopkeeper, who actually wanted to thank the two little kids, especially when he saw a big smile quickly spread over the little girl’s innocent face. (运用了when引导的时间状语从句和who引导的非限制性定语从句) 1~5 CABCA 6~10 BCABA 11~15 CBACB 16~20 CBACA 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$