寒假作业05 表示方式、方法、途径和其他常考介词的用法 -【寒假分层作业】2025年八年级英语寒假培优练（冀教版）

专题05 表示方式、方法、途径和其他常考介词的用法 内容早知道 ☛第一层 巩固提升练（2大考点） 考点一 表示方式、方法、途径的介词的用法 考点二 其他常考介词的用法 ☛第二层 能力培优练 ☛第三层 拓展突破练 表示方式、方法、途径的介词的用法 【知识积累·练前热身】 词条 用法 举例 in 　in+封闭的交通工具,且名词前有限定词 Alan goes to work in his sister’s car. 艾伦坐他姐姐的车去上班。 　in+某种材料/语言/声音等 She wrote a letter in black ink. 她用黑墨水写了一封信。 He told me the news in a low voice.他小声告诉我这个消息。 on 　on+开放型或大型交通工具,且名词前有限定词;固定搭配除外,如on foot My father goes to work on a bus every morning.  我爸爸每天早上坐公交车去上班。 　表示用网络、电话、收音机、电视等 They talked on the phone and made a deal. 他们通过电话交谈并达成了协议。 with 　表示“用;以;借助于”,其后常接具体的工具  I wrote the letter with a pen. 我用钢笔写的这封信。 1．Suddenly the door opens. Danny rushes into the library ________ a basketball ________ his hand. A．and; on B．and; in C．with; on D．with; in 2．We can learn English well ________ hard. A．from study B．through studying C．by studying D．with study 3．— How will you go there _______ Friday morning? —I will go there _______ my car. A．on; by B．in; by C．/; in D．on; in 4．—________ do you improve your English? —I improve it ________ practicing it often. A．How; with B．What; with C．How; by 5．I improve my English ________ listening to English songs. It’s very useful. A．by B．on C．with D．for 6．During the winter holiday, my family traveled to Hainan ________ plane. A．in B．on C．by D．to 7．Tim goes to school _________ every day. It’s five minutes’ walk from his home to school. A．by bus B．by bike C．on foot D．by train 8．—How do you study English best? —I study English best ________ taking English classes seriously. A．in B．on C．by 其他常考介词的用法 【知识积累·练前热身】 This problem is far beyond me. 这个问题远超出了我的能力范围。 Everyone is very happy except him. 除了他,每个人都很开心。 I learn English and maths besides Chinese. 除了语文,我还学习英语和数学。 I’m leaving for Shanghai this weekend. 这个周末我将去上海。 He came in with a book in his hand. 他进来了,手里拿着一本书。 Let me speak to you as a friend. 让我以朋友的身份对你讲。 He is leaning against the wall and he is against my opinion. 他靠在墙边,反对我的观点。 It’s impolite to enter the office without knocking on the door. 不敲门进入办公室是不礼貌的。 1．—Would you like coffee? —Yes. Do you have milk? I prefer coffee ________ milk. A．to B．with C．without 2．In our eyes, Linda is ________ outgoing girl ________ a pair of glasses. A．a; with B．an; with C．an; has D．a; of 3．Hunters hunt tigers ________ their fur ________ make clothes. A．to; to B．for; to C．to; for D．for; for 4．David never makes plans ________ his homework. And he always has reasons ________it. A．for; for B．of; of C．for; of D．of; for 5．All of us went to the party last night ________ Eric, because he got a bad cold. A．against B．with C．except 6．Jack works hard. In addition, he is kind to his friends. A．For example B．Besides C．In addition to his friends D．However 7．All of us helped to clean up the classroom ________ Eric. He had a bad cold. A．besides B．against C．except D．with 8．My roommate is a girl ________ round eyes and long hair. A．has B．with C．have D．is having 9．—What________ your new friend ________? —He is kind and helpful. A．does, like B．does, look like C．is, like D．is, / 10．Mike likes watching TV. I ________ him. I like watching TV, too. A．am like B．would like C．like D．look like 一、完形填空 通读下面短文。掌握其大意，在各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出一个最佳选项。 A pen giant Do you know Laszlo Biro? Maybe you do not, but you probably use his invention every day, and you may 1 have it in your hand right now! Biro (1899-1985) was the 2 of the ballpoint pen. He was born in Budapest, Hungary. In the 1930s, when he worked 3 a newspaper editor, he used a fountain pen almost every day. However, he had to refill it all the time. The ink also did not dry easily, and it sometimes made a 4 on the paper. Biro wanted a better pen. His brother George, helped him develop a 5 ink. The ink dried easily. Then they developed a new 6 of pen. There was a tiny 7 at the tip of the pen. The ball rolled ink onto paper as it moved. They called it the “ballpoint” pen. The ballpoint pen was a great 8 . Everyone loved it. Now millions of people use it all over the 9 every day. People will always remember Biro for his invention. Today in many English-speaking countries, people still use the word “Biro” to 10 to any kind of ballpoint pen. 1．A．hardly B．never C．even D．ever 2．A．writer B．inventor C．singer D．player 3．A．by B．for C．as D．in 4．A．mistake B．success C．mess D．picture 5．A．special B．simple C．colorful D．cheap 6．A．start B．type C．life D．look 7．A．box B．hole C．room D．ball 8．A．game B．success C．work D．product 9．A．oceans B．countries C．time D．world 10．A．remember B．refer C．help D．produce 二、短文填空 阅读短文，在空格处填入一个适当的单词或括号中单词的正确形式。无提示词的空格只填一个单词，有提示词的空格填一个或两个单词。 In the 21st Century (世纪) Workshop in Ningbo, Zhejiang, kids can have free science lessons from Chen Shaohua. Chen is 1 primary school teacher. Once someone asked him why gave free lessons. “ 2 I want to help more kids learn science in a fun way,” Chen answered. In 2020, Chen had an idea of 3 (give) free science lessons. Chen 4 (find) a large place as his classroom. And he ran (使用) the classroom as a workshop. What’s the meaning 5 the word “workshop”? It is a room, and people make things in it. Chen thinks that making things by hand is the 6 (good) way to learn new things. He always asks his students 7 (finish) some science experiments (实验). “To finish an experiment, they have to learn, discuss and work out the problems,” Chen said. “That is 8 (importance) for their growth and team spirit (精神).” Chen’s hard work paid off. His students got good 9 (grade) in many science competitions. Some of them may become great 10 (science), engineers or programmers one day. 三、阅读表达 阅读下面短文，根据要求完成各题。 Zong Qinghou was the founder (创始人) of Hangzhou Wahaha Group. He was born in 1945 in China. He grew up very poor in Hangzhou and often went hungry. His father was out of work,and his mother kept the family of five children as a factory worker. “Because of the hardship, as a child I had many dreams and hoped to make big money for my parents in return.” Zong said in a history book. As the eldest child, Zong left school after junior high and spent over ten years doing different jobs, including hard physical work at a far-away farm. In 1978, Zong returned to Hang Zhou and spent the next ten years selling things. “My only dream at that time was to have my own company and do what I wanted to do, and I had been looking for such a chance.” he said. The chance finally came in 1987. Zong borrowed 140,000 yuan to start his own company, selling ice pops to students at a primary school. During his door-to-door sales, Zong learned that many children were picky (挑剔的) eaters and didn’t get all the necessary nutrition (营养). That was a big headache for parents. Then Zong worked with an expert of nutrition to invent a drink for children, called Wahaha Oral Liquid. The drink became a big success. The company achieved nearly 100 million yuan in sales in the third year after it went on the market. That year, Zong set up the Hangzhou Wahaha Group. 1．What’s the Chinese meaning of “hardship” in Paragraph Two? 2．How old was Zong when he started his own company? 3．Why did Zong invent Wahaha Oral Liquid? (不超过 15个词) 4．Put the following events in the right order (顺序) according to the passage. A Zong set up the Hangzhou Wahaha Group. B Zong did hard physical work at a far-away farm. C Wahaha Oral. Liquid became popular. D Zong sold things for ten years in Hang Zhou. 5．What can you learn from Zong Qinghou? 一、补全对话 根据情境，填入适当的句子补全对话。 A: Where did you go on your summer vacation last year? B: I went to the USA with my parents. A: Really? Did you visit Hollywood? B: 1 . We stayed there for two days! A: Wow, 2 ! Did you visit the Hollywood Walk of Fame? B: Of course, we did. We found that there are more than 2, 500 stars there. A: 3 ? B: The TCL Chinese Theatre, Hollywood Wax Museum, the Dolby Theatre and the Paul Smith Pink Wall. A: Oh, so many places! 4 ? B: The TCL Chinese Theatre, It is one of the earliest theaters in Hollywood with a history of more than ninety years. In front of it, there are many footprints and handprints of world-famous movie stars. A: That sounds really interesting. 5 ? B: Yeah. We watched a Hollywood movie named The Lion King, and I liked it very much. 二、阅读表达 阅读下面的短文，然后根据文章内容简要回答第1至5小题。 Layi Aga, 76, was still pleased when she thought of her first trip by train. In 1970, Layi, from Mianshan Town in Liangshan, Sichuan, walked more than 7 kilometres along mountain roads with her family, hoping to see a train pull into the railway station. That year, the Chengdu-Kunming Railway just started running and it was the main railway connecting Sichuan and Yunnan. Train stations were built in mountain villages and towns, and Mianshan was one of the stops. Layi often takes the train between Mianshan and Xichang to make a living. It is about 72 kilometres long. Making a round trip by bus is quicker but it costs 80 yuan. The round trip by slow train takes about three hours, but it only costs 10 yuan. And for Layi and many people like her, the train is not a mode of transportation (交通方式), but also a “mobile market”. They often bring their farm products to the train to sell. In January this year, a Fuxing bullet train left Liangshan for Kunming. This is the first bullet train from Liangshan. It’s much faster, but the slow trains are still lifelines for many people. Because they can always offer cheap, safe and comfortable journeys. 1．How did Layi feel when she thought of her first train journey? (no more than 3 words) 2．When did the Chengdu-Kunming Railway start running? (no more than 2 words) 3．How much does a round trip by slow train cost? (no more than 4 words) 4．Can people sell farm products on the slow train? (no more than 3 words) 5．Why are slow trains still lifelines for many people? (no more than 10 words) 三、阅读理解 When can you get a phone? The answer is when your parents think you need one. Of course, many kids seem to get a phone at around age 12 or 13 or at an even younger age because their parents think it is helpful. A phone can let the children soon contact(联系) their parents if something goes wrong or they need help. Likewise, it can also make parents quickly contact their kids so that they can check(检查) on them and make sure they’re OK. If you get a phone, work out some rules with your parents. Learn to be in control of your phone. It will cost(花费) you much if you send too many messages or talk too long. Also work out some other things. When can you use your phone? When must you turn off the phone? If you get a phone, you’ll also have to make sure you can take care of this new “friend”. Put it in the same place so that it doesn’t get lost. And don’t use it in the bath-room(洗手间), because it is easy for you to drop your phone into the toilet(厕所). 1．Why do some young kids have a phone? A．Because their parents are rich. B．Because the young kids want to have fun. C．Because their parents think it is helpful. D．Because their parents are very busy. 2．The underlined word “Likewise” means “_________” in Chinese. A．希望地 B．急速地 C．同样地 D．绝望地 3．What should NOT you do if you get a phone? A．Work out some rules with parents. B．Work out some other things about using it. C．Put it in the same place so that is doesn’t get lost. D．Use it in the bathroom in order to play games. 4．What is the best title for this passage? A．The importance of a phone. B．When kids can get a phone. C．The use of a phone. D．Where kids can get a phone. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！34 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题05 表示方式、方法、途径和其他常考介词的用法 内容早知道 ☛第一层 巩固提升练（2大考点） 考点一 表示方式、方法、途径的介词的用法 考点二 其他常考介词的用法 ☛第二层 能力培优练 ☛第三层 拓展突破练 表示方式、方法、途径的介词的用法 【知识积累·练前热身】 词条 用法 举例 in 　in+封闭的交通工具,且名词前有限定词 Alan goes to work in his sister’s car. 艾伦坐他姐姐的车去上班。 　in+某种材料/语言/声音等 She wrote a letter in black ink. 她用黑墨水写了一封信。 He told me the news in a low voice.他小声告诉我这个消息。 on 　on+开放型或大型交通工具,且名词前有限定词;固定搭配除外,如on foot My father goes to work on a bus every morning.  我爸爸每天早上坐公交车去上班。 　表示用网络、电话、收音机、电视等 They talked on the phone and made a deal. 他们通过电话交谈并达成了协议。 with 　表示“用;以;借助于”,其后常接具体的工具  I wrote the letter with a pen. 我用钢笔写的这封信。 1．Suddenly the door opens. Danny rushes into the library ________ a basketball ________ his hand. A．and; on B．and; in C．with; on D．with; in 【答案】D 【解析】句意：突然门开了。丹尼手里拿着篮球冲进了图书馆。 考查介词词义辨析。and和，又；on在……上；in在……里面；with带有，具有。第一空是“拿着篮球”，此处用介词with；第二空是“在他的手里”，此处用介词in。 故选D。 2．We can learn English well ________ hard. A．from study B．through studying C．by studying D．with study 【答案】C 【解析】句意：我们可以通过努力学习来学好英语。 考查介词。根据“We can learn English well ... hard.”可知此处表示通过努力学习这种方式来学好英语，表示“通过某种方式”用介词by，其后接动名词studying。故选C。 3．— How will you go there _______ Friday morning? —I will go there _______ my car. A．on; by B．in; by C．/; in D．on; in 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——你打算星期五早上怎么去那里？——我打算开我的车去。 考查介词辨析。表示具体的某一天用介词“on”，根据“Friday morning”可知，第一空用on；表示乘坐某种交通工具，如果交通工具前有物主代词或者冠词修饰时，需用介词“in”或“on”，根据“my car”可知，此处使用in。故选D。 4．—________ do you improve your English? —I improve it ________ practicing it often. A．How; with B．What; with C．How; by 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——你是怎样提高你的英语的？——我通过频繁的练习提高英语。 考查疑问词和介词的用法。How如何，问方式；by通过（方式）；What什么；with用，一般接具体的工具。根据“practicing it often”可知，第二空使用by，表示“通过频繁练习提高英语”；答句是回答提高英语的方式，所以用how引导特殊疑问句，对方式提问。故选C。 5．I improve my English ________ listening to English songs. It’s very useful. A．by B．on C．with D．for 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我通过听英文歌来提高我的英语。它非常有用。 考查介词。by通过；on在……上面；with有；for为了。by doing sth表示“通过做某事”，故选A。 6．During the winter holiday, my family traveled to Hainan ________ plane. A．in B．on C．by D．to 【答案】C 【解析】句意：寒假期间，我们全家乘飞机去海南旅游。 考查介词辨析。in在……内；on在……之上；by通过；to到。by plane“乘飞机”，是固定搭配。故选C。 7．Tim goes to school _________ every day. It’s five minutes’ walk from his home to school. A．by bus B．by bike C．on foot D．by train 【答案】C 【解析】句意：蒂姆每天步行去上学。从他家到学校步行要五分钟。 考查介词短语辨析。by bus乘公交车；by bike骑自行车；on foot步行；by train乘火车。由“It’s five minutes’ walk”可知，他是步行去上学的，on foot符合语境。故选C。 8．—How do you study English best? —I study English best ________ taking English classes seriously. A．in B．on C．by 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——你是如何学好英语的？——认真上英语课是我学英语最好的方法。 考查介词辨析。in在……里面；on在……上面；by通过。根据“I study English best ... taking English classes seriously.”可知我通过认真上英语课学好英语，表示方式用by。故选C。 其他常考介词的用法 【知识积累·练前热身】 This problem is far beyond me. 这个问题远超出了我的能力范围。 Everyone is very happy except him. 除了他,每个人都很开心。 I learn English and maths besides Chinese. 除了语文,我还学习英语和数学。 I’m leaving for Shanghai this weekend. 这个周末我将去上海。 He came in with a book in his hand. 他进来了,手里拿着一本书。 Let me speak to you as a friend. 让我以朋友的身份对你讲。 He is leaning against the wall and he is against my opinion. 他靠在墙边,反对我的观点。 It’s impolite to enter the office without knocking on the door. 不敲门进入办公室是不礼貌的。 一、单项选择 1．—Would you like coffee? —Yes. Do you have milk? I prefer coffee ________ milk. A．to B．with C．without 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——你要来点咖啡吗？——好的。你有牛奶吗？我喜欢加奶的咖啡。 考查介词辨析。to到；with带有，有；without没有。根据“Do you have milk?”可知，询问有没有牛奶，是要把牛奶加进咖啡里，coffee with milk“加奶的咖啡”。故选B。 2．In our eyes, Linda is ________ outgoing girl ________ a pair of glasses. A．a; with B．an; with C．an; has D．a; of 【答案】B 【解析】句意：在我们眼中，琳达是一个戴着眼镜的外向女孩。 考查冠词及介词。a不定冠词，表示泛指，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；an不定冠词，表示泛指，用于以元音音素开头的单词前；with有，用；has有；of……的。根据第一个空空后的“outgoing”是以元音音素开头的单词可知，此处用an；根据第二个空空后的“a pair of glasses”可知，表示一个戴着眼镜的女孩，需要使用介词with。故选B。 3．Hunters hunt tigers ________ their fur ________ make clothes. A．to; to B．for; to C．to; for D．for; for 【答案】B 【解析】句意：猎人猎取老虎的毛皮来制作衣服。 考查介词和非谓语。根据“hunt tigers...their fur”可知，猎杀老虎是为了它们的毛皮，第一空应用介词for“为了”；根据“hunt tigers for their fur...make clothes.”可知，猎杀老虎并取毛皮是为了制作衣服，应用动词不定式to make作目的状语。故选B。 4．David never makes plans ________ his homework. And he always has reasons ________it. A．for; for B．of; of C．for; of D．of; for 【答案】A 【解析】句意：大卫从不为他的家庭作业做计划。而且他总是有理由这样做。 考查介词辨析。for为了；of表示所属，通常译文……的。第一空表示为作业做计划，因此用for；第二空表示为这件事找理由，因此也用介词for。故选A。 5．All of us went to the party last night ________ Eric, because he got a bad cold. A．against B．with C．except 【答案】C 【解析】句意：除了埃里克，我们昨晚都去参加聚会了，因为他得了重感冒。 考查介词辨析。against反对；with和……一起；except除……之外。根据“because he got a bad cold”可知，埃里克没有去参加聚会，except表示从整体中除去某一部分，符合句意，故选C。 6．Jack works hard. In addition, he is kind to his friends. A．For example B．Besides C．In addition to his friends D．However 【答案】B 【解析】句意：Jack工作努力。此外，他对朋友也很友好。 考查词汇和短语辨析。For example例如；Besides此外；In addition to his friends除了他的朋友；However然而。由“Jack works hard”和“he is kind to his friends.”可知，此处表示除前者之外。故选B。 7．All of us helped to clean up the classroom ________ Eric. He had a bad cold. A．besides B．against C．except D．with 【答案】C 【解析】句意：除了埃里克，我们都帮忙打扫教室。他得了重感冒。 考查介词辨析。besides除……之外（还）；against反对；except除……外，不包括；with带有。根据“He had a bad cold.”可知埃里克得了重感冒，没有打扫教室，即他没有被包括在打扫教室的同学内，except符合题意。故选C。 8．My roommate is a girl ________ round eyes and long hair. A．has B．with C．have D．is having 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我的室友是个长着圆眼睛长头发的女孩。 考查介词的用法。句中is是谓语动词，而has和have是实义动词，一个句子中不能同时出现两个动词，且此空表示“长着圆眼睛长头发的女孩”，介词短语作后置定语。故选B。 9．—What________ your new friend ________? —He is kind and helpful. A．does, like B．does, look like C．is, like D．is, / 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——你的新朋友是个什么样的人？——他善良且乐于助人。 考查be like的用法。do...like通常用于询问某人喜欢什么东西；does...look like主要用于询问某人的外貌长相。is...like用于询问某人的性格、品质等方面特点。Is单独使用在这个问句中语法不通。根据“He is kind and helpful.”他善良且乐于助人，是在描述新朋友的性格特点。可知用is，like。故选C。 10．Mike likes watching TV. I ________ him. I like watching TV, too. A．am like B．would like C．like D．look like 【答案】A 【解析】句意：迈克喜欢看电视。我和他一样。我也喜欢看电视。 考查词义辨析。am like像……一样；would like想要；like喜欢，动词；look like看起来像。根据“Mike likes watching TV.”以及“I like watching TV, too.”可知，此处指我像迈克一样，也喜欢看电视。故选A。 一、完形填空 通读下面短文。掌握其大意，在各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出一个最佳选项。 A pen giant Do you know Laszlo Biro? Maybe you do not, but you probably use his invention every day, and you may 1 have it in your hand right now! Biro (1899-1985) was the 2 of the ballpoint pen. He was born in Budapest, Hungary. In the 1930s, when he worked 3 a newspaper editor, he used a fountain pen almost every day. However, he had to refill it all the time. The ink also did not dry easily, and it sometimes made a 4 on the paper. Biro wanted a better pen. His brother George, helped him develop a 5 ink. The ink dried easily. Then they developed a new 6 of pen. There was a tiny 7 at the tip of the pen. The ball rolled ink onto paper as it moved. They called it the “ballpoint” pen. The ballpoint pen was a great 8 . Everyone loved it. Now millions of people use it all over the 9 every day. People will always remember Biro for his invention. Today in many English-speaking countries, people still use the word “Biro” to 10 to any kind of ballpoint pen. 1．A．hardly B．never C．even D．ever 2．A．writer B．inventor C．singer D．player 3．A．by B．for C．as D．in 4．A．mistake B．success C．mess D．picture 5．A．special B．simple C．colorful D．cheap 6．A．start B．type C．life D．look 7．A．box B．hole C．room D．ball 8．A．game B．success C．work D．product 9．A．oceans B．countries C．time D．world 10．A．remember B．refer C．help D．produce 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．C 4．C 5．A 6．B 7．D 8．B 9．D 10．B 【解析】本文主要讲述了拉兹洛•比罗（Laszlo Biro）发明圆珠笔的故事。 1．句意：也许你不知道，但你可能每天都在使用他的发明，甚至可能现在就在你手里。 hardly几乎不；never从未；even甚至；ever曾经。根据“but you probably use his invention every day, and you may...have it in your hand right now”可知，可能每天都在使用他的发明，甚至现在就拿在手里。even符合语境。故选C。 2．句意：比罗 (1899-1985) 是圆珠笔的发明者。 writer作家；inventor发明者；singer歌手；player运动员。根据上文“his invention”可知，此处指发明者。故选B。 3．句意：在20世纪30年代，当他担任报纸编辑时，他几乎每天都使用钢笔。 by通过；for为了；as作为；in在……里面。根据“he worked...a newspaper editor”可知，他是一名报纸编辑，work as“担任，从事”。故选C。 4．句意：墨水也不容易干，有时会在纸上弄得一团糟。 mistake错误；success成功；mess杂乱，肮脏；picture图画。根据“The ink also did not dry easily, and it sometimes made a...on the paper.”可知，墨水不容易干，就有可能在纸上糊成一片，弄得一团糟。make a mess“弄得一团糟”。故选C。 5．句意：他的兄弟乔治帮助他研制了一种特殊的墨水。 special特殊的；simple简单的；colorful富有色彩的；cheap便宜的。根据下文“The ink dried easily.”可知，这是一种特殊的墨水。故选A。 6．句意：然后他们开发了一种新型钢笔。 start开始；type类型；life生活；look样子。根据下文“...The ball rolled ink onto paper as it moved. They called it the ‘ballpoint’ pen.”可知，此处指一种新型钢笔。故选B。 7．句意：笔尖上有一个小球。 box箱子；hole洞；room房间；ball球。根据下文“The ball rolled ink onto paper as it moved.”可知，此处指小球。故选D。 8．句意：圆珠笔取得了巨大的成功。 game游戏；success成功；work工作；product产品。根据下文“Everyone loved it. Now millions of people use it...”可知，圆珠笔非常成功。故选B。 9．句意：现在全世界每天有数百万人在使用它。 oceans海洋；countries国家；time时代，时间；world世界。此处应是all over the world“全世界”，表示全世界每天都有很多人在使用圆珠笔。故选D。 10．句意：今天，在许多英语国家，人们仍然用“Biro”这个词来指代任何一种圆珠笔。 remember记住；refer提到；help帮助；produce生产。根据“People will always remember Biro for his invention. Today in many English-speaking countries, people still use the word “Biro” to...to any kind of ballpoint pen.”可知，Biro发明了圆珠笔，至今许多英语国家仍用“Biro”来指代任何一种圆珠笔。refer to意为“指代”，故选B。 二、短文填空 阅读短文，在空格处填入一个适当的单词或括号中单词的正确形式。无提示词的空格只填一个单词，有提示词的空格填一个或两个单词。 In the 21st Century (世纪) Workshop in Ningbo, Zhejiang, kids can have free science lessons from Chen Shaohua. Chen is 1 primary school teacher. Once someone asked him why gave free lessons. “ 2 I want to help more kids learn science in a fun way,” Chen answered. In 2020, Chen had an idea of 3 (give) free science lessons. Chen 4 (find) a large place as his classroom. And he ran (使用) the classroom as a workshop. What’s the meaning 5 the word “workshop”? It is a room, and people make things in it. Chen thinks that making things by hand is the 6 (good) way to learn new things. He always asks his students 7 (finish) some science experiments (实验). “To finish an experiment, they have to learn, discuss and work out the problems,” Chen said. “That is 8 (importance) for their growth and team spirit (精神).” Chen’s hard work paid off. His students got good 9 (grade) in many science competitions. Some of them may become great 10 (science), engineers or programmers one day. 【答案】 1．a 2．Because 3．giving 4．found 5．of 6．best 7．to finish 8．important 9．grades 10．scientists 【解析】本文主要讲述了浙江宁波的一位小学教师陈少华免费为孩子们上科学课的故事。 1．句意：陈是一名小学教师。根据空后“primary school teacher”可知，此处是指一位小学教师，应用不定冠词表泛指，且“primary”是以辅音音素开头的单词，应用“a”修饰。故填a。 2．句意：“因为我想帮助更多的孩子以有趣的方式学习科学，”陈回答道。根据上文“Once someone asked him why gave free lessons.”可知，曾经有人问他为什么要免费授课，所以此处是回答免费上课的原因；考查because“因为”，连词，位于句首，首字母要大写。故填Because。 3．句意：在2020年，陈有了提供免费科学课程的想法。根据空前介词“of”可知，此处应用动词give的动名词形式giving。故填giving。 4．句意：陈找到了一个很大的地方作为他的教室。句子结构可知，句子陈述过去发生的动作，谓语动词find“找到”应用其过去式found。故填found。 5．句意：那么“工作坊”这个词的意思是什么呢？根据“the meaning … the word”可知，此处是指这个词的意思；考查the meaning of“……的意思”，固定搭配。故填of。 6．句意：陈认为，手工制作是学习新事物的最佳方式。根据“the … way”可知，此处是指最好的方式，应用形容词good的最高级形式best“最好的”，在句中作定语，修饰名词“way”。故填best。 7．句意：他总是要求他的学生完成一些科学实验。根据空前“asks his students”可知，这里考查ask sb. to do sth.“要求某人做某事”，固定搭配，因此这里应用动词不定式to finish。故填to finish。 8．句意：这对他们的成长和团队精神都很重要。根据空前“is”可知，此处应用名词importance的形容词形式important“重要的”，在句中作表语。故填important。 9．句意：他的学生在许多科学竞赛中取得了优异的成绩。根据空前“get good”可知，此处考查get good grades“取得好成绩”，固定搭配，其中grade“成绩”，名词，这里应用名词复数grades表泛指。故填grades。 10．句意：他们中的一些人将来可能会成为伟大的科学家、工程师或程序员。分析句子结构可知，此处需要名词来与后文的“engineers”和“programmers”并列；根据语境可知，此处是指一些孩子将来可能成为科学家，所以应用science的名词形式scientist“科学家”，这里应用名词复数形式scientists。故填scientists。 三、阅读表达 阅读下面短文，根据要求完成各题。 Zong Qinghou was the founder (创始人) of Hangzhou Wahaha Group. He was born in 1945 in China. He grew up very poor in Hangzhou and often went hungry. His father was out of work,and his mother kept the family of five children as a factory worker. “Because of the hardship, as a child I had many dreams and hoped to make big money for my parents in return.” Zong said in a history book. As the eldest child, Zong left school after junior high and spent over ten years doing different jobs, including hard physical work at a far-away farm. In 1978, Zong returned to Hang Zhou and spent the next ten years selling things. “My only dream at that time was to have my own company and do what I wanted to do, and I had been looking for such a chance.” he said. The chance finally came in 1987. Zong borrowed 140,000 yuan to start his own company, selling ice pops to students at a primary school. During his door-to-door sales, Zong learned that many children were picky (挑剔的) eaters and didn’t get all the necessary nutrition (营养). That was a big headache for parents. Then Zong worked with an expert of nutrition to invent a drink for children, called Wahaha Oral Liquid. The drink became a big success. The company achieved nearly 100 million yuan in sales in the third year after it went on the market. That year, Zong set up the Hangzhou Wahaha Group. 1．What’s the Chinese meaning of “hardship” in Paragraph Two? 2．How old was Zong when he started his own company? 3．Why did Zong invent Wahaha Oral Liquid? (不超过 15个词) 4．Put the following events in the right order (顺序) according to the passage. A Zong set up the Hangzhou Wahaha Group. B Zong did hard physical work at a far-away farm. C Wahaha Oral. Liquid became popular. D Zong sold things for ten years in Hang Zhou. 5．What can you learn from Zong Qinghou? 【答案】1．困难 2．42. 3．Because many children were picky eaters and didn't get all the necessary nutrition. 4．BDCA 5．I must try my best to realize my dream and work hard. 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了娃哈哈集团创始人宗庆后的成长以及创立娃哈哈集团的历程。 1．根据第一段“He grew up very poor in Hangzhou and often went hungry…five children as a factory worker. ”以及第二段“hoped to make big money for my parents in return.”可知，宗庆后就是因为生活困难，所以他希望长大后为父母赚很多钱作为回报，所以hardship意为“困难”。故填困难。 2．根据第一段“He was born in 1945 in China.”以及第三段“The chance finally came in 1987. Zong borrowed 140,000 yuan to start his own company…”可知，他出生于1945年，在1987年创办了自己的公司，可推算出他在42岁时创办了自己的公司。故填42。 3．根据最后一段“During his door-to-door sales, Zong learned that many children were picky…”可知，是因为他发现很多孩子都很挑食，没有得到所必要的营养。故填Because many children were picky eaters and didn’t get all the necessary nutrition. 4．根据第二段“As the eldest child, Zong…doing different jobs, including hard physical work at a far-away farm.”和第三段“In 1978, Zong returned to Hang Zhou and spent the next ten years selling things. ”以及最后一段“Then Zong worked with an expert of nutrition to invent a drink for children, called Wahaha Oral Liquid…That year, Zong set up the Hangzhou Wahaha Group. ”可知，他先是在一个很远的农场做体力活，然后在杭州卖了十年东西，之后娃哈哈口服液开始流行起来，最后成立了杭州娃哈哈集团。故填BDCA。 5．开放性作答，言之有理即可。可填I must try my best to realize my dream and work hard. 一、补全对话 根据情境，填入适当的句子补全对话。 A: Where did you go on your summer vacation last year? B: I went to the USA with my parents. A: Really? Did you visit Hollywood? B: 1 . We stayed there for two days! A: Wow, 2 ! Did you visit the Hollywood Walk of Fame? B: Of course, we did. We found that there are more than 2, 500 stars there. A: 3 ? B: The TCL Chinese Theatre, Hollywood Wax Museum, the Dolby Theatre and the Paul Smith Pink Wall. A: Oh, so many places! 4 ? B: The TCL Chinese Theatre, It is one of the earliest theaters in Hollywood with a history of more than ninety years. In front of it, there are many footprints and handprints of world-famous movie stars. A: That sounds really interesting. 5 ? B: Yeah. We watched a Hollywood movie named The Lion King, and I liked it very much. 【答案】1．Yes, we did/Sure/Of course 2．How lucky you were/How great 3．What other interesting places did you visit 4．Which one do you like best 5．Did you watch any movies there/Did you do anything interesting there 【解析】本对话介绍了A和B关于B去年暑假去美国旅行的经历，特别是他们在好莱坞的游览情况。 1．根据“Did you visit Hollywood?”以及“We stayed there for two days!”可知，此处应对上文的一般疑问句作肯定回答，故填Yes, we did/Sure/Of course。 2．根据“Wow”以及标点提示可知，此处应用感叹句，表达对对方的称赞，可以说对方很幸运或真棒。故填How lucky you were/How great。 3．根据“The TCL Chinese Theatre, Hollywood Wax Museum, the Dolby Theatre and the Paul Smith Pink Wall.”可知，此处应用what引导的特殊疑问句，询问对方去过哪些有趣的地方，故填What other interesting places did you visit 4．根据“Oh, so many places!”以及“The TCL Chinese Theatre.”可知，此处应用which引导的特殊疑问句，询对方问最喜欢哪个地方，故填Which one do you like best。 5．根据“Yeah. We watched a Hollywood movie named The Lion King, and I liked it very much.”可知，此处应用一般过去时的一般疑问句，询问是否看电影或做的其他的有趣事情，故填Did you watch any movies there/Did you do anything interesting there。 二、阅读表达 阅读下面的短文，然后根据文章内容简要回答第1至5小题。 Layi Aga, 76, was still pleased when she thought of her first trip by train. In 1970, Layi, from Mianshan Town in Liangshan, Sichuan, walked more than 7 kilometres along mountain roads with her family, hoping to see a train pull into the railway station. That year, the Chengdu-Kunming Railway just started running and it was the main railway connecting Sichuan and Yunnan. Train stations were built in mountain villages and towns, and Mianshan was one of the stops. Layi often takes the train between Mianshan and Xichang to make a living. It is about 72 kilometres long. Making a round trip by bus is quicker but it costs 80 yuan. The round trip by slow train takes about three hours, but it only costs 10 yuan. And for Layi and many people like her, the train is not a mode of transportation (交通方式), but also a “mobile market”. They often bring their farm products to the train to sell. In January this year, a Fuxing bullet train left Liangshan for Kunming. This is the first bullet train from Liangshan. It’s much faster, but the slow trains are still lifelines for many people. Because they can always offer cheap, safe and comfortable journeys. 1．How did Layi feel when she thought of her first train journey? (no more than 3 words) 2．When did the Chengdu-Kunming Railway start running? (no more than 2 words) 3．How much does a round trip by slow train cost? (no more than 4 words) 4．Can people sell farm products on the slow train? (no more than 3 words) 5．Why are slow trains still lifelines for many people? (no more than 10 words) 【答案】1．She felt pleased. 2．In 1970. 3．It costs 10 yuan. 4．Yes, they can. 5．Because they can always offer cheap, safe and comfortable journeys. 【解析】本文主要讲述了慢速列车——火车在Layi生活中的重要性。 1．根据“Layi Aga, 76, was still pleased when she thought of her first trip by train.”可知，当她想到第一次火车旅行的时候，感到很高兴。故填She felt pleased. 2．根据“In 1970, … That year, the Chengdu-Kunming Railway just started running”可知，在1970年的时候，成都到昆明火车开始运行。故填In 1970. 3．根据“The round trip by slow train takes about three hours, but it only costs 10 yuan.”可知，只需要花费10元。故填It costs 10 yuan. 4．根据“They often bring their farm products to the train to sell.”可知，他们可以带农产品到火车上去卖。故填Yes, they can. 5．根据“but the slow trains are still lifelines for many people. Because they can always offer cheap, safe and comfortable journeys.”可知，慢车对于很多人仍然是一个重要的交通线是因为慢车可以提供便宜，安全和舒服的旅行。故填Because they can always offer cheap, safe and comfortable journeys. 三、阅读理解 When can you get a phone? The answer is when your parents think you need one. Of course, many kids seem to get a phone at around age 12 or 13 or at an even younger age because their parents think it is helpful. A phone can let the children soon contact(联系) their parents if something goes wrong or they need help. Likewise, it can also make parents quickly contact their kids so that they can check(检查) on them and make sure they’re OK. If you get a phone, work out some rules with your parents. Learn to be in control of your phone. It will cost(花费) you much if you send too many messages or talk too long. Also work out some other things. When can you use your phone? When must you turn off the phone? If you get a phone, you’ll also have to make sure you can take care of this new “friend”. Put it in the same place so that it doesn’t get lost. And don’t use it in the bath-room(洗手间), because it is easy for you to drop your phone into the toilet(厕所). 1．Why do some young kids have a phone? A．Because their parents are rich. B．Because the young kids want to have fun. C．Because their parents think it is helpful. D．Because their parents are very busy. 2．The underlined word “Likewise” means “_________” in Chinese. A．希望地 B．急速地 C．同样地 D．绝望地 3．What should NOT you do if you get a phone? A．Work out some rules with parents. B．Work out some other things about using it. C．Put it in the same place so that is doesn’t get lost. D．Use it in the bathroom in order to play games. 4．What is the best title for this passage? A．The importance of a phone. B．When kids can get a phone. C．The use of a phone. D．Where kids can get a phone. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．D 4．C 【解析】本文主要介绍的是手机对于家长和孩子的一些用途，以及孩子使用手机时的一些建议。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Of course, many kids seem to get a phone at around age 12 or 13 or at an even younger age because their parents think it is helpful.”（当然，许多孩子似乎在12、13岁左右或更小的时候就有了手机，因为他们的父母认为这是有帮助的）可知，因为他们的父母认为这是有帮助的。故选C。 2．词义猜测题。根据“A phone can let the children soon contact(联系) their parents if something goes wrong or they need help. Likewise, it can also make parents quickly contact their kids so that they can check(检查) on them and make sure they’re OK.”可知，手机不仅可以让孩子及时联系家长，同样也可以让家长及时联系到孩子。所以划线单词表示“同样地”。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“And don’t use it in the bath-room(洗手间), because it is easy for you to drop your phone into the toilet(厕所).”可知，不要在厕所里用手机，因为你很容易把手机掉进马桶里，所以D选项表述错误。故选D。 4．最佳标题题。综合分析全文可知，文中大篇幅讲述的是如何用好手机，所以标题为“手机的使用”最为合适。故选C。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！34 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$