素养培优卷(1)-【百汇大课堂·高中学习测试卷】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第二册（人教版2019）

4.His getting up late in the morning 6.are served解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。 5.his accepting the decision 根据often可知，本句为一般现在时；主语beer and wine 第三节 为两种东西，视作复数，且和动词serve之间存在被动 1.listening 2.talking 3.including 4.entering 关系。故填are served。 5.holding 7.to convey解析：考查非谓语动词。作目的状语应用动 模块语法过关 词不定式，故填to convey。 第一节 8.However Nevertheless解析：考查副词。根据上文“在 1.whoever 2.that 3.What 4.why 5.had intended 互相敬酒时，人们通常会把酒喝干，以表示他们是真诚 6.Being exposed 7.being taken 8.Seen 9.growing 和快乐的”和下文“对于外宾来说，喝一点而不是喝光是 10.resulting 11.That 12.treated 13.leaving 可以接受的”可知，上下文存在转折关系。单词位于句 14.had received 15.whether 首，首字母大写。故填However/Nevertheless。 第二节 9.particularly解析：考查副词。修饰形容词strange用 1.Whether you can succeed or not 剧词形式。故填particularly。 2.what the patients complain of 10.taken解析：考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词， 3.where I met Peter for the first time 所以此处用非谓语动词形式。句中主语fine food and 4.when we will have a long holiday good drink与take之间存在被动关系，所以用动词-ed 5.had already put out the fire 形式作后置定语。故填taken。 6.The confused look 第三部分素养培优达成 7.the meeting being held 素养培优卷（一） 8.Greatly encouraged 第一部分 9.Having worked hard all day 第一节 10.His being late again and again A 第三节 [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四幅经 [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国菜 得起时间考验的名画。 的历史、评价标准以及富有中国特色的饮食文化。 L.D解析：细节理解题。根据The Arnolfini Portrait部 l.and解析：考查连词。上文的the endless variety 分的an oil painting on wood produced in 1434,The natural materials以及设空处后的“methods of Starry Night部分的during his 12-month stay at the preparation employed in Chinese cuisine”共同作本句的 mental hospital near Saint-Remy-de-Provence,France 主语，为并列关系，故填and。 between 1889and1890,The Harvesters部分的“The 2.universal解析：考查形容词。修饰名词popularity,用 Harvesters is an oil painting on wood completed by 形容词。故填universal。 Pieter Bruegel the Elder in 1565.”以及Guernica部分的 3.which解析：考查定语从句的关系词。句中先行词为 "Guernica,a large black-and-white oil painting,was the three key elements,关系词在非限制性定语从句中 painted by the Cubist Spanish painter,Pablo Picasso in 作介词by的宾语，只能用关系代词which引导。 1937.”进行判断可知，The Arnolfini Portrait是最早创 4.activities解析：考查名词的数。根据上文的a series of 作的画。故选D。 可知，其后应用可数名词的复数形式。故填activities。 2.A解析：细节理解题。根据The Harvesters部分的 5.consists解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根 "The Harvesters is an oil painting on wood completed by 据上文的are often surprised可知，本句时态为一般现 Pieter Bruegel the Elder in 1565."可知，Pieter Bruegel 在时；主语a typical dinner为单数，所以谓语动词用第 the Elder画了这幅描绘丰收季节的画。故选A. 三人称单数形式：动词短语consist of无被动语态。故 3.C解析：推理判断题。根据The Starry Night部分的 填consists。 "When the Museum of Modern Art in New York City 30 purchased the painting from a private collector in 1941, 购”的方式进行的。由此推知，画线词club together的 it was not well-known,but it has since become one of 意思是“一起购买（团购）”。故选C。 van Gogh's most famous works.”可知，The Starry 9.B解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Remarkably, Night在1941年之前没有被广泛认可。故选C。 the key to its success focused on parts of the market B they have been unable to reach instead of defeating its [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。作者是一个热衷于环保 bigger competitors..”可推知，拼多多的成功主要是因为 的人，她会尽量重复利用每件东西。但是她却发现自己慢 开辟了新的市场。故选B。 慢变成了一个围积者，收集了大量自己根本用不着的东 10.B解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“And 西，经过思考地意识到，要做好重复利用的第一步是少买 although PDD put a huge amount of money to lower the 过度包装的商品。 prices of goods,ensuring the customers from poorer 4.B解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The salad jar parts of China easy access to its app,she thinks it may was...I recently even looked at a plastic straw in my turn profitable this year.”可知，Elinor Leung认为拼多 fruit juice”可推测，作者非常热衷于重复利用东西。故 多今年会盈利。故远B。 选B项。 1l.C解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的“However,no 5.B解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Being an matter how a future market looks,there is opportunity environmentalist has turned me into a hoarder.While... for new online businesses because e-commerce is at an early stage of development."可推知，Mr Liu对于电子 get a bit unnecessary.”可知，作者收集了很多她根本用 商务的未来持乐观的态度。故选C。 不着的子。故选B项。 6.B解析：代词指代题。根据第四段的“The solution is [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如今机 painfully obvious,but hard to admit:Delaying waste is 器人无处不在，它们被应用于各个领域。科学家们正在研 not,in fact,rejecting waste.In an over-packaged,over- 发一种新的技术，使机器人遣到损坏时能够迅速做出改变 consuming culture,this can feel like a burden.”可知，解 并继续执行任务。 决的方法是显而易见的，但是却很难承认：事实上，拖延 12.A解析：细节理解题。根据第二段可知，在大多数情 浪费并不是拒绝浪费。在一个过度包装、过度消费的文 况下，机器人被派往危险的地方。故选A项。 化中，这可能已经让人觉得是一种负担。结合句意可推 13.A解析：细节理解题。根据第三段可知，杰夫正在开 测，画线部分指代上文提到的delaying waste。故选 发研究新技术，使机器人在受损后能够分析原因并做 B项。 出改变以继续执行任务。 7.A解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“I've been 14,D解析：推理判断题。根据第四、五段可知，六足机 ignoring,.I am bringing home in the first place,.”可推 器人能够找到方法修复损伤并继续执行任务，整个过 测，作者意识到了她要少买过度包装的东西，这才是最 程大约只需要一分钟的时问。 重要的。故选A项。 15.C解析：标题概括题。本文主要介绍了科学家利用 c 先进技术发明了六足机器人，这种机器人遭到损坏后 [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国零 仍然可以继续工作。 售电商拼多多是中国发展最快的在线商务，并且有望打败 第二节 电商巨头。文章介绍了拼多多取得该成绩的原因。 [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四种可 8.C解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段的“During the 以让自己与家人更加亲近的方法。 pandemic this has expanded into a fast-growing business 16.E解析：E项“与家人相处是否融洽取决于你自己”与 across thousands of towns and villages,in which PDD's 下一句语义衔接。故选E。 users gather to buy local farm produce at low prices. 17.C解析：根据下一句“What changes a house into a 知，人们在拼多多上购买商品时是以一起购买即“团 home is true love.”可知，此空选C项。 31 18.A解析：第2个小标题是：给予充分的自由。A项 remember'“记得”。根据上文“When I asked him who “没有人喜欢被一直管着”符合本段语意。 had paid for me,he said the person wanted to remain l9.D解析：D项中的“When disagreements happen”与本 anonymous."和下文the benefactor's name可知，作者 段第二句中“disagreements happen”相呼应。此外，D 想让校长透露捐助人的名字。故选A。 项“当分歧发生时，站在别人的立场上来考虑问题”与 26.B解析：句意：他解释说，当Olivia女士发现我的课桌 下一句语义衔接。故选D。 空了的时候，她询间了我为什么没去上学。A.desired 20.B解析：本段的主旨是寻找解决办法。B项“停止指 “渴望”；B.inquired询问”：C.acquired“获得”：D. 责游戏，寻找解决办法”符合本段语意，同时和上一句 required“需要，要求”。根据下文why I was not in 语义衔接。 school可知，当(livia女士发现作者的课桌空了的时 第二部分 候，她询问了作者没去上学的原因。故选B。 第一节 27.D解析：句意：她知道我是因为缺钱才被送回家的， [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者在上 于是她告诉校长从蛇的工资里扣除这笔钱。A.quality 十年级时因为付不起学费而被退学，后来在Olivia女士的 “质量”：B.performance“表演”：C.competence“竞争 帮助下，又有机会上学。在大学毕业后自己有了赚钱的能 力”；D.funding“资金”。根据上文“my parents couldn't 力，作者回馈了(Oiva女士和学校，让跟他有一样困难的 afford the tuition'”和“I was sent home for lack of'"可 孩子可以不掇学。 知，作者是因为没有交学费而被送回家了，所以是缺少 21.A解析：句意：但是到了十年级报名的时侯，我去了 钱。故选D。 校长办公室，告诉他们我父母付不起学费。A.register 28.A解析：A.salary“工资”；B.savings“存款”：C.bonus “注册”；B.report'“报告”；C.account'“账户”；D.make “奖金”；D.credit'“学分”。根据上文“she then told the “制作”。根据下文“I went to the principal's office and principal to deduet this from her'”可知，Olivia女士帮助 told the staff my parents couldn't afford the tuition" 作者交了学费，所以她跟校长说，从地的工资里面扣。 知，这是作者要上十年级的时候，要去注册报名。故 故选A。 选A。 29.C解析：句意：整整一年，我坐在她的班上，思考着她 22.C解析：句意：尽管我是班里最好的学生之一，我还 善良的行为，但却无法表达我的感激。A.loan“贷款”： 是被送回家了。A.poor“糟糕的，穷的”；B.average“平 均的”；C.top“顶尖的”：D.common“常见的”。根据下 B.idea“想法”：C.gesture“姿态，表示”；D.service“服 务”。根据上文“thinking about her kind'”可知，作者一 文“I was sent home”可知，尽管作者的成绩好，还是因 为没钱交学费而不能继续上学。故选C。 直记着(livia女士对他的表示（即帮助）。故选C。 23.D解析：句意：那是一个令人心碎的经历，因为我迫 30.B解析：A.respect“尊数”：B.appreciation“惑激”：C. 切地想继续上学。A.incredibly“难以置信地”： expectation“期待”；D.admiration“美慕”。根据上文 B.aggressively“好斗地”，C.unavoidably“不可避免 "Knowing I was sent home for lack of funding.she 地”；D.desperately'“迫切地”。根据上文“As a kid,I then told the principal to deduct this from her salary. liked going to school,.”可知，作者很喜欢上学，所以非 和下文thank her可知，Olivia女士对作者的帮助很让 常想继续他的学业。故选D。 他感激。故选B。 24.B解析：句意：然而，3天后，我的一个同班同学来我 31.A解析：句意：几年后，我获得了哥伦比亚大学的硕 家了。A.went over“走过去”；B,came over'“过来”； 士学位，也可以自已谋生了。A.living“生活”：B.room C.took over'“接管”；D.got over“克服”。根据下文“He “房间”；C.fortune“运气”：D.mind“思想”。根据上文 told me I could go back to school.”可知，作者的一个同 "Years later,I received the master's degree from 学去找他了。故选B。 Columbia University and made my'”可知，作者硕士毕 25.A解析：句意：我请求校长透露捐助人的名字。A 业了，所以可以自己谋生。固定短语make one's living reveal“透露”；B.tel告诉”，C.demonstrate“示范”：D, 是“谋生”的意思。故选A。 32 32.B解析：句意：在捐款的时侯，我建议校长不要因为 39.However解析：考查副词。结合上下文可知，此处应 缺钱就把学生送走，因为谁也不知道这个学生将来会 用表示转折意义的副词，故填However。 变成什么样子。A.seizing"抓住”；B.handing“递”： 40.surviving解析：考查非谓语动词。work和survive之 C.using“使用”；D.seeing“看见”。根据下文the 间是逻辑上的主请关系，故此处应填survive的动词- donation可知，作者要捐款，所以作者要把钱递给校 ing形式作works的定语，放填surviving 长。故选B。 4l.relatively解析：考查副词。此处应填relative的副词 33.D解析：句意：我表示愿意以任何可能的方式给地提 形式，修饰形容词relaxed,故填relatively。 供帮助，包括经济上的帮助或者特别的任命，感谢她的 42.Worse解析：考查形容词的比较等级。worse still意 嶸概，但是她拒绝了所有的提议。A.failed“失败”： 为“更辅糕的是”，故填Worse。 B.agreed“同意”：C.happened“发生”；D.offered“提 43.permission解析：考查名词。分析句子结构可知，此 供”。根据下文“but she declined all offers'”可知，作者 处应填permit的名词形式作got的宾语，故填 想给Olivia女士提供帮助。故选D permission. 34.B解析：A.recognition'“认可，认出”；B.appointment 44.with解析：考查介词。with no one to rely on是with “任命，约会”：C.regulation“调节，规章”：D.schedule 的复合结构，意为“没有人可以依靠”。故填wth。 45.were left解析：考查谓语动词。根据上文可知要用一 “时刻表”。根据上文“I offered to assist her in any possible way,including financial help or special'”可知， 般过去时。先行词是works,关系代词that指代 wok5,充当定语从句主语，并且和谓语动词之间是被 作者想回报Ovia女士，可以给她在学校提供特别的 动关系。故填were left。 任命。故选B。 第三部分 35.D解析：句意：虽然这个故事是关于Olivia女士的，但 第一节 它也是一个活生生的证据，证明一个人绝对可以改变 [参考范文] 别人的生活。A.passion'“热情”：B.treat“对待，治疗”： Guo Shoujing,one of the top ancient Chinese C.dri“训练”；D.proof“证据”。根据上文“this story is scientists,was born in Xingtai,Hebei Province in 1231 and about Ms Olivia'"和下文"that one person can definitely passed away in 1316,who lived in the best years of the make a difference to others'live”可知，这里指的是 Yuan Dynasty. Olivia女士的故事给作者提供了一个实实在在的证 As an outstanding astronomer,engineer and 据，证明一个人绝对可以改变别人的生活。故选D。 mathematician,he greatly influenced the development of 第二节 science in China.He was in charge of building the Dadu- [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要由水星上的一 Tongzhou canal of the Yuan Dynasty,which improved the 座环形山命名为“李清照”切入，介绍了我国著名女词人李 north-south traffic.At the same time,he invented Shoushi 清照的生平。 Calendar,which was applied to calculating the accurate 36.included解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可 length of the year.The calendar,used for more than 360 知，此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，Li和include之 years,was considered the most advanced calendar in the 问是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词作后置定语表 world at that time.What's more,he created 14 kinds of 被动，故填included。 masterpieces on the astronomical calendar. 37.an解析：考查冠词。honor是可数名词，结合上下文 第二节 可知，此处意为“值得这样的一份荣耀”，是泛指，应用 [参考范文] 不定冠词，又因为honor是以元音音素开头，故填an。 Paragraph 1: 38.w0解析：考查定语从句的关系词。分析句子结构 “Father,I want to be a coffee bean,”said the 可知，此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词是male daughter,turning to him.Father was satisfied to hear what poets,.关系词在从句中充当主语，故填who。 she said,and asked his daughter."Why do you want to be a 33 coffee bean?""Because it can change the water and create showed great interest in art when he was very young. something new in the same boiling water.Therefore,I'd 可知，他的家人希望他能加入父亲的事业，但他很小的 like to change the old thing and make it into the new 时候就对艺术表现出极大的兴趣。因此John Constable thing,which can solve problems whenever I meet."said the 学习绘画是因为他对绘画感兴趣。故选A。 daughter. 5.C解析：推理判断题。根据第二段“At the Royal Paragraph 2: Academy,he was a good student,spending all his spare In the end,she understands that one shouldn't flee time drawing and reading..”可知，在皇家学院，他是个好 away when he meets a problem.He should face the 学生，把业余时问都花在绘画和阅读上。因此在皇家学 problem in life bravely,and he can turn bad things into 院，John Constable是非常努力的。故选C。 good ones and pull off his goals.Bad things may sometimes 6.B解析：细节理解题。根据第五段第一句可知，起初 happen around us in our life.However,the only thing that 他在法国卖的画比他在英国卖的多。因此他的画一开 truly matters is how we choose to react to them and what 始在法国比在英国卖得好。故选B。 we make out of them.Life is all about learning,adopting T.D解析：词句猜测题。根据第五段内容可知，他在法 and changing the disaster that we experience into 国卖的画比在自己的祖国英国卖的多。但当他有机会 something positive,so we should face it with a smile. 去国外卖画时，他说他宁愿在英国当穷人，也不愿在国 素养培优卷（二） 外当富人，因此我们看得出John Constable非常热爱他 第一部分 的国家。故远D。 第一节 C A [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。当人们搬到一个新的国 [语篇解读]本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了南金斯 家时，文化冲击会使他们很难适应他们的新环境。文章主 敦国家博物馆的四个不同的专题之旅。 要介绍了哪些因素会引起文化冲击·人们又应该怎样适应 1.B解析：细节理解题。根据Behind the Lens Tour中的 新的环境。 "Join our hosts for a special tour of the Wildlife 8.A解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Specialists Photographer of the Year exhibition and discover the say it is not easy to get used to life in a new culture. stories behind the photos.We will introduce you to some 下文对文化冲击的陈述可知，当人们椒到一个新的国 surprising stories as well as the impact that these photos 家时，他们将会很难适应他们的新环境。故A选项 have had on wildlife conservation efforts.”可知，该旅行 正确。 可以深入研究野生动物摄影。放选B。 9.D解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“The 2.D解析：细节理解题。根据History of the Natural weather may be unpleasant.The customs may be History Museum Tour中的“14：00-15：00 Monday to different.The public service systems-the telephones, Friday..”可知，如果你星期一下午去博物馆，可以参加 post office,or transportation-may be difficult to work 自然历史博物馆历史之旅。 out.The simplest things seem to be big problems.The 3.C解析：推理判断题。根据全文可知，文章主要介绍 language may be difficult..”"可知，语言交流，天气条件和 了南金斯敦国家博物馆的四个不同的专题之旅。所以 习俗、公共服务设施都会引起文化冲击，故D选项 推断可以在博物馆网站的“在展览什么”栏目找到这篇 正确。 文章。 10.B解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Very often B the people having the worst culture shock are those who [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了英国最 never had any difficulties in their own country.Coming 伟大的艺术家之一John Constable的主要人生经历。 to a new country,these people find they do not have the 4.A解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“His family same positions they have back home.They find hoped that he would join his father's business,but he themselves without any identify.They have to build a 34第三部分 素养培优达成 素养培优卷（一） (测试时间：100分钟满分：120分) 第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The following 4 famous paintings-from Jan van Eyck's portrait to Pablo Picasso's masterpiece- 部 have stood the test of time. The Arnolfini Portrait Jan van Eyck's Arnol fini Portrait,an oil painting on wood produced in 1434,in which a man and a woman hold hands with a window behind him and a bed behind her,is undoubtedly one of the masterpieces in the National Gallery,London.This painting is as visually interesting as it is famed.It is also an informative document on fifteenth-century society,through van Eyck's heavy use of symbolism-while husbands went out to engage in business,wives concerned themselves with domestic duties. The Starry Night Vincent van Gogh painted The Starry Night,oil on canvas ()a moderately abstract 舒 landscape painting of an expressive night sky over a small hillside village,during his 12-month stay at 布 the mental hospital near Saint-Remy-de-Provence,France between 1889 and 1890.When the Museum of Modern Art in New York City purchased the painting from a private collector in 1941,it was not well-known,but it has since become one of van Gogh's most famous works. The Harvesters The Harvesters is an oil painting on wood completed by Pieter Bruegel the Elder in 1565.It describes the harvest time which most commonly occurred within the months of August and September.Nicolaes Jonghelinck,a merchant banker and art collector from Antwerp,commissioned this painting.The painting has been at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City since 1919. Guernica Guernica,a large black-and-white oil painting,was painted by the Cubist Spanish painter,Pablo 馨 Picasso in 1937.The title "Guernica"refers to the city that was bombed by Nazi planes during the Spanish Civil War.The painting depicts the horrors of war and as a result,has come to be an anti-war symbol and a reminder of the tragedies of war.Today,the painting is housed at the Museo Nacional Centro de Arte Reina Sofia in Madrid. 1.Which of the following paintings was produced earliest? A.Guernica. B.The Harvesters. C.The Starry Night. D.The Arnolfini Portrait. 89 2.Who created the painting describing the harvest seasons? A.Pieter Bruegel the Elder. B.Vincent van Gogh. C.Jan van Eyck. D.Pablo Picasso. 3.What do we know about the painting The Starry Night? A.It was painted on wood in oils. B.It described the painter's life in hospital. C.It wasn't widely recognized before 1941. D.It was given away to the museum by a collector. 火 A few weeks ago,I bought a locally-grown salad from a vending machine(自动售货机).But then I immediately realised that it was packaged in a plastic jar."I guess I live with this jar now and forever. I thought sadly as I stared down at my new child. The salad jar was only the latest in a long line of examples of how I am addicted to the responsibility of reusing everything,trying to never throw anything away.Water bottles have been given second lives,and berry containers are transformed into Tupperware.I recently even looked at a plastic straw in my fruit juice:Could I reuse it too? Yet trying to squeeze my salad jar under my kitchen counter this weekend,I finally had to admit: Being an environmentalist has turned me into a hoarder().While keeping a certain number of jars and vegetable bags will allow me not to buy new containers,at a certain point those 30 berry containers begin to get a bit unnecessary.Who am I kidding?Then one day I came across a blog post that asks accusingly.“Are you turning your own home into a landfill(垃圾填埋场)？” In my defense,there is absolutely no excuse not to be a conscious consumer.The solution is painfully obvious,but hard to admit:Delaying waste is not,in fact,rejecting waste.In an over- packaged,over-consuming culture,this can feel like a burden.While I refuse to throw away packaging, the fact remains:I already have it.The damage is done.I've been ignoring one of the most essential and difficult parts-reduce,reuse,recycle.Even if I go out of my way to reuse the waste I do have,I need to reduce what I am bringing home in the first place. While I might not be ready to go full zero-waste,it's a goal that is admirable to work toward.Until then,my salad jar child is going to make a great overnight oats jar. 4.What does the author try to indicate by the last sentence in Paragraph 2? A.How important reusing is. B.How enthusiastic she is about reusing. C.How she makes use of the plastic straw. D.Why she is responsible for reusing plastic straws. 5.Why does the author say she has turned into a hoarder? A.She enjoys collecting a variety of small jars. B.She has saved far more containers than she needs. C.She likes the idea of saving fine packages in daily life. D.She stores more berry containers than other containers. 6.What does the underlined word "this"in Paragraph 4 refer to? A.Over-packaging. B.Delaying waste. C.Over-consuming. D.Rejecting waste. 90 7.The author realises at last that she should A.buy fewer over-packaged goods B.throw away unnecessary packaging C.reuse materials as much as possible D.appreciate the value of recycling materials The e-commerce company that retailers()talk about most these days is neither Amazon, the American giant,nor Alibaba,China's biggest.It is Pinduoduo(PDD),a Chinese firm that started in 2015 as an online food supplier,but whose success has driven its market value above 200bn.Last year it was China's fastest-growing Internet stock,rising by 330%. PDD attracts attention for two reasons.One is its business model.David Liu,vice-president of strategy,explains that it has drawn on the popularity of smart phone in China to create an e-commerce experience in which people club together to buy products from robot vacuum-cleaners to bananas. During the pandemic this has expanded into a fast-growing business across thousands of towns and villages,in which PDD's users gather to buy local farm produce at low prices.Some call this “community group-buy”.Mr Liu calls it“interactive(互s动的)commerce”.It is one of the hottest parts of the Chinese Internet. The second is the way PDD has broken the record of giants of online shopping.Until a few years ago,China's e-commerce market seemed a two-way competition between Alibaba and JD.com,a competitor platform.No longer.Elinor Leung of CLSA,a brokerage(经纪公司)，expects PDD's share of online retail in China to go beyond that of JD in 2021.She expects the number of users over Alibaba. And although PDD put a huge amount of money to lower the prices of goods,ensuring the customers from poorer parts of China easy access to its app,she thinks it may turn profitable this year. Remarkably,the key to its success focused on parts of the market they have been unable to reach instead of defeating its bigger competitors.Although online sales of groceries have rocketed during the pandemic,less than a tenth of the 8.1trn yuan (1.25trn)farm-produce market is bought and sold digitally."We are continuing to grow the pie,"says Mr Liu.That lesson applies elsewhere too. However,no matter how a future market looks,there is opportunity for new online businesses because e-commerce is at an early stage of development. 8.What does the underlined "club together"mean in Paragraph 2? A.Share the expenses. B.Have a club together. C.Buy something in groups. D.Interact with each other. 9.What mainly makes PDD go off with a bang? A.Ensuring easy access to the app. B.Exploring new markets. C.Lowering the price of goods. D.Competing with giants of online shopping. 10.Which of the following may Elinor Leung agree with? A.E-commerce has yet to be developed fully. B.PDD may end up making profits this year. 91 C.PDD is China's fastest-growing largest Internet business. D.PDD's share of online retail in China has gone beyond that of JD in 2021. 11.What's Mr Liu's attitude towards the future e-commerce? A.Negative. B.Causal. C.Positive. D.Objective. 0 We can find robots everywhere.Robots build cars,play chess and clean your house.They may drive your car in the near future.Two robots,named Spirit and Opportunity,were sent to Mars on a mission()to explore the red planet.Robots also help people in natural disasters.They are used in search and rescue operations following an earthquake or a nuclear accident. In most cases,robots are sent to places considered to be unsafe.The problem is that all of those types of situations are extremely unpredictable and unfriendly.And it is very likely that robots in those situations become damaged.When a dog loses a leg,the animal eventually finds the best way to get around on three legs.In a short time,the dog learns to deal with its physical disability.Now,scientists have developed robots that behave in the same way. Jeff Clune,a computer scientist,is developing the latest and advanced technology so that robots will continue operating after the first sign of injury.He wants the machines to have the ability to analyze the cause and change to continue performing until they can be repaired. 学 The researchers have added one more operation to the skilled set of robots working under complicated conditions.They programmed a hexapod robot with six legs and a robotic arm.Their findings were reported in the journal Nature.Once the hexapod robots become damaged,they can use 学 their own knowledge of how their body works to find a solution. The hexapod robots are also programmed with child-like curiosity.In other words,they are always asking questions and looking for the answers.The whole process just takes about a minute for the robots to overcome the damage and continue to carry out the task. 12.What do we know about robots? A.They usually work in dangerous places. B.They may do great harm to people. C.Dogs are used to help them work well. D.People can't live normally without them. 13.According to Jeff Clune,the new technology A.helps robots deal with the damage B.protects robots from serious harm C.makes robots have self-repair ability D.allows robots to realise possible danger 14.What can we infer about the hexapod robots? A.The idea of them is from Nature. B.They can sense people's feelings. C.They look like children in appearance. D.They can make changes in a very short time. 92 15.What's the best title for the text? A.How to Use Robots Properly B.Robots Are Helpful to Humans C.Damaged Robots Learn to Keep Working D.The Development of the Hexapod Robot 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Family love is one of the most valuable gifts in life and one that you cannot buy anywhere. 16. Here are four ways for you to become closer to your family: 1.Increase Your Love 5 You've probably heard the song lyric,"17. What changes a house into a home is true love.Love strengthens the connection,while anger tears it apart. 2.Give Freedom It doesn't matter whatever position you have in a family;you need to give freedom to the other members of it.18. Freedom is one of the most basic needs of humanity and one of the greatest gifts in life. 3.Learn to Forgive 修 There will always be differences in personalities and preferences between family members.Because of these differences,disagreements happen.And it's unwise to react straight away,to jump to 长 conclusions and start an argument.19. This gives you a better understanding and the ability to forgive more easily. 舒 4.Look for Solutions 轲 Family life is not a battlefield.Do not focus on problems;instead focus on the solutions.Although we are all expected to be responsible for our actions,it still feels more comfortable for some to put the blame on others.20. This is one of the fastest ways to bring you closer to your family. A.No one likes to be ruled all the time. B.Stop the blame game,and look for solutions. C.A house is not a home,when there is no one there to hold you tight. D.When disagreements happen,put yourself in the other person's shoes. E.Whether you have a close relationship with your family depends on you. F.In a close relationship there will definitely be a lot of arguments,disharmony and disagreements. G.Spending some time with family members is one of the methods that can strengthen our family 馨 connections. 第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 As a kid,I liked going to school.But when the time came to 21 for tenth grade,I went to the principal's office and told the staff my parents couldn't afford the tuition.Although I was one of the 22 students in my class,I was sent home.It was a heartbreaking experience,as I 23 wanted 93 to continue my education. However,three days later,one of my classmates 24.He told me I could go back to school. When I asked him who had paid for me,he said the person wanted to remain anonymous ()I kept wondering who had given me the opportunity.I begged the principal to 25 the benefactor's name.Upon my insistence,he informed me that was my teacher Olivia. He explained when Ms Olivia noticed my desk was empty,she 26 why I was not in school. Knowing I was sent home for lack of 27 she then told the principal to deduct (this from her 28.The whole year I sat in her class,thinking about her kind 29 but unable to express my 30 Years later,I received the master's degree from Columbia University and made my 31.I returned to the school to donate $4.5 million.While 32 the donation,I advised the principal never to send any student away for lack of money,for one never knew what the student might become in the future. Then I visited Ms Olivia and was able to thank her,but she changed the subject.I 33 to assist her in any possible way,including financial help or special 34 for her generosity,but she declined all offers. But for her help,I wouldn't have ended up as the publisher of an English newspaper.While this story is about Ms Olivia,it is also a living 35 that one person can definitely make a difference to others'live. 21.A.register B.report C.account D.make 22.A.p00r B.average C.top D.common 23.A.incredibly B.aggressively C.unavoidably D.desperately 24.A.went over B.came over C.took over D.got over 25.A.reveal B.tell C.demonstrate D.remember 26.A.desired B.inquired C.acquired D.required 27.A.quality B.performance C.competence D.funding 28.A.salary B.savings C.bonus D.credit 29.A.loan B.idea C.gesture D.service 30.A.respect B.appreciation C.expectation D.admiration 31.A.living B.room C.fortune D.mind 32.A.seizing B.handing C.using D.seeing 33.A.failed B.agreed C.happened D.offered 34.A.recognition B.appointment C.regulation D.schedule 35.A.passion B.teat C.drill D.proof 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A crater(环形山)on Mercury(水星)sat quietly for millions of years.Surprisingly,it acquired a name-Li Qingzhao,a Chinese female poet.The International Astronomical Union named the first group of craters on the planet after 310 famous writers and artists in human history,Li 36. 94 (include).What did she do to deserve such 37. honor?Compared with other male poets in China,38. have left hundreds or even thousands of poems,she has only eighty-seven. 39. her artistic creativity in her 40. (survive)works has earned her a permanent place in the Chinese literary circle. She grew up in a 41. (relative)relaxed atmosphere but her maiden (days were so limited that the regret could be felt in her poem:"Can't you see?The green leaves thriving ( but the red flowers fading overnight."The arrival and disappearance of spring is one of the most frequent themes in Chinese poetry.Li had two marriages.The first ended up her being abandoned during the war.42 bad)still,she suffered physical abuse from her second husband. Bravely she charged him at the court and got the 43. (permit)to divorce. In the final stage of her life even 44. no one to rely on,she never gave up hope and created many literary works that 45 (leave)for generations to appreciate to date. 第三部分写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 假定你是李华。最近你市电子科技博物馆正在征集我国古代科学家的英文简介，请你写一篇英语 短文介绍我国古代科学家郭守敬，内容包括： 1.基本信息：我国古代著名天文学家、数学家和工程师；出生于现在的河北邢台；生于1231年，卒 于1316年； 2.主要成就及发明：负责修建元朝大都至通州的运河；制订《授时历》，通行360多年，是当时世界 上最先进的一种历法；著有十四种天文历法著作。 注意： 1.词数80左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使内容充实、行文连贯。 参考词汇：运河canal;《授时历》Shoushi Calendar;天文历法astronomical calendar 第二节（满分25分） 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Once upon a time,a daughter complained to her father that her life was miserable and that she didn't know how she was going to make it.She was tired of fighting and struggling all the time.It seemed just as one problem was solved,another one soon followed.Her father,a chef,took her to the kitchen.He filled three pots with water and placed each on a high fire. 95 Once the three pots began to boil,he placed potatoes in one pot,eggs in the second pot and ground coffee beans in the third pot.He then let them sit and boil,without saying a word to his daughter.The daughter complained and impatiently waited,wondering what he was doing.After twenty minutes,he turned off the burners.He took the potatoes out of the pot and placed them in a bowl.He pulled the eggs out and placed them in a bowl.He then ladled()the coffee out and placed it in a cup. Turning to her,he asked,"Daughter,what do you see?""Potatoes,eggs and coffee,"she quickly replied. "Look closer,"he said,"and touch the potatoes."She did and noted that they were soft. He then asked her to take an egg and break it.After pulling off the shell,she observed the hard- boiled egg. Finally,he asked her to sip the coffee.Its rich aroma()brought a smile to her face."Father, what does this mean?"she asked. He then explained that the potatoes,the eggs and the coffee beans had each faced the same boiling water.However,they reacted differently.The potatoes went in strong,hard,but in the boiling water, they became soft and weak.The eggs were fragile(),with the thin outer shell protecting their liquid inside until they were put in the boiling water.Then the inside of the eggs became hard. However,the ground coffee beans were unique.After they were exposed to the boiling water,they changed the water and created something new. "Which one are you?"he asked his daughter."When the disaster knocks on your door,how do you respond?Are you a potato,an egg,or a coffee bean?" 学 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: "Father,I want to be a coffee bean,"said the daughter, Paragraph 2: In the end,she understands that 96