精品解析：上海市华东师范大学附属天山学校2024-2025学年高一上学期期中评估英语试卷

华东师范大学附属天山学校2024学年第一学期高一英语期中评估 （时间：90分钟 总分：100分） I. Listening Comprehension Section A: Short Conversations Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1 A. By car. B. By ship. C. By plane. D. By train. 2. A. On August 5th B. On August 6th. C. On August 7th. D. On August 8th. 3. A. In a hotel. B. In a bookstore. C. In a classroom. D. In a library.4. A. An airhost. B. A hotel manager. C. A taxi driver. D. A conductor. 5. A. Boring. B. Relaxing. C. Exciting. D. Exhausting. 6. A. Hire a truck. B. Sell her sofa. C. Buy a sofa. D. Move her sofa. 7. A. He went to see a doctor. B. He took his mother to hospital. C. He went to visit a sick friend. D. He had to look after his mother. 8. A. She wants to do something better. B. She will go on a picnic with them. C. She isn’t interested in going out at all. D. She would like to go with them, but she won’t be free. 9. A. He doesn’t intend to get the clothes. B. The clothes don’t look clean to him. C. The woman can pick out her own clothes. D. The woman should stop staring at his clothes. 10. A. The man is as worried as the woman. B. The man can’t find his card for lunch, either. C. The man offers to buy lunch for the woman. D. The man helps the woman find the missing card. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passage and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. A wooden ride. B. A water ride. C. A special treat. D. A surfing game. 12. A. A racing track. B. The nearby ocean. C. A modern castle. D. A palace in the sky. 13. A. Rides in the park. B. Entrance to the park. C. Parking next to the park. D. Parking lot in the park. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. Sad. B. Angry. C. Friendly. D. Worried. 15. A. She bought a new one. B. She washed it herself. C. She sent it to her grandma. D. She returned it to the store. 16. A. It’s never too late to mend. B. A friend in need is a friend indeed. C. All that glitters is not gold. D. Good fortune follows upon disaster. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. A college. B. An online high school. C. A web company. D. A McDonald’s restaurant 18. A. Low. B. Too high. C. Reasonable. D. Changeable. 19. A. Return to school. B. Find another job. C. Plan something earlier. D. Pay to get more training. 20. A. Colleagues. B. Mother and son. C. Old classmates. D. Teacher and student. II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: Fill in each blank with the proper form of the given verb. 1. The Renaissance _________(arise) in Italy in the late 13th century and later spread throughout Europe. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】arose 【解析】 【详解】考查一般过去时。句意：文艺复兴起源于13世纪晚期的意大利，后来传播到了整个欧洲。根据时间状语in the late 13th century可知，动词arise发生在过去，使用一般过去式，它的过去式是arose，故答案是arose。 2. Western regions all _________(see) rapid development over the last few years, and it means more opportunities for people. （所给词适当形式填空） 【答案】have seen 【解析】 【详解】考查现在完成时。句意：过去几年，西部地区都经历了快速发展，这意味着为人们提供了更多的机会。根据时间状语over the last few years可知，这个句子应该使用现在完成时，主语是regions，是复数形式，故答案填have seen。 3. Browse through the material, and you _________ (amaze) at the details of it. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】will be amazed 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词以及时态。句意：浏览这些材料，你会对它的细节感到惊讶。分析句子可知，设空处是并列句中后半部分的谓语，前半句是祈使句，此处应使用一般将来时，此处表示“感到惊讶”需要形容词amazed充当表语，构成固定短语be amazed at“对……感到惊讶”，故填will be amazed。 4. Hurry up! By the time we get to the assembly hall, the meeting _________(start). （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】will have started 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：快点！等我们到达集会大厅的时候，会议可能已经开始了。由时间状语By the time we get to the assembly hall可知，描述将来发生的动作， 表达在将来某个具体时间点（我们到达集会大厅的时候），某个动作（会议开始）已经完成，用将来完成时，故填will have start。 5. The plane _________(leave) at 7: 00 pm according to the timetable, so I have to be at the airport by 6: 40. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】leaves 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：根据时间表飞机晚上7点起飞，所以我最晚必须在6点40分到达机场。根据have以及句意可知，空处表示按时刻表或日程安排要发生的事情，应用一般现在时。主语是单数，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填leaves。 6. Bennett ranked first in the final test last term. She_________(remain) modest and kept up her good work ever since. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】has remained 【解析】 【详解】考查现在完成时。句意：贝内特上学期期末考试排名第一。她保持谦虚，并从那时起一直保持良好的工作状态。根据时间状语ever since，句子应该使用现在完成时，she是第三人称，故答案是has remained。 7. Students are not allowed to use the art centre at the moment because it _________ (decorate). （所给词适当形式填空） 【答案】is being decorated 【解析】 【详解】考查动词语态。句意：学生暂时不允许使用艺术中心，因为它正在装修。根据at the moment可知，because引导的原因状语从句描述正在发生的事情，从句时态用现在进行时，且主语it和decorate“装修”为被动关系，所以应用现在进行时的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数，be动词用is。故填is being decorated。 8. The cost of living was high here, so I had to consider how my salary _________(meet) my future living expenses. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】would meet 【解析】 【详解】考查时态。句意：这里的生活成本很高，所以我不得不考虑我的工资如何满足我未来的生活开支。分析句子可知，这里考查谓语动词，主语my salary与meet为主动关系，主句为过去时，再由my future living expenses可知，此空时态应用过去将来时。故填would meet。 9. He _________ (run) after a thief when a police car drove by. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】was running 【解析】 【详解】考查时态。句意：一辆警车经过时，他正在追赶一个小偷。run after“追赶”。根据句意和从句中的drove可知，主句描述过去某一时刻正在发生的动作，所以主句时态应用过去进行时，主语He是第三人称单数，所以be动词用was。故填was running。 10. When I got to the theatre, I found that the tickets _________ (sell out) and I didn’t get one. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】had been sold out 【解析】 【详解】考查动词语态。句意：当我到达剧院时，我发现票已经卖完了，我没有买到。根据上文When I got to the theatre和句意可知，sell out“卖完”发生在got to“到达”之前，that引导的宾语从句时态用过去完成时，从句中：主语tickets与谓语sell构成被动关系，应用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been sold out。 Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word that you do not need. A. interpersonal B. connected C. inspired D. respecting E. different F. occurring G. perspective H. based I. misunderstanding J. independence K. relatives The most difficult part of a Chinese-Western marriage is the cultural differences. The traditional Chinese culture is ____11____ on the Confucian philosophy (儒家哲学). However, the Western culture is founded on ancient Greek and Roman civilizations. Cultural differences exist in almost every aspect and are therefore reflected in ____12____ relationship and marriage. It is not easy to keep a Chinese-Western relationship, for cultural differences may result in ____13____. From the traditional Chinese ___14___, marriage is a relationship involving family, friends and relatives. In contrast, Westerners’ marriages recognize the ____15____ and privacy of the couple. That is why Westerners sometimes cannot understand why we Chinese need to support our ____16____ if we are asked to do so. Chinese people need to maintain their “face” and “relations”. Even in a relationship, we are somehow still ____17____ to our family and relatives. Our partner has to understand it and at least does not oppose it. My suggestion for the cross-cultural relationship is always trying to put yourself in the other’s shoes; always ____18____ your partner but making clear your own red lines; showing your interest in the ____19____ culture and carefully remarking on it and so on. There have been more and more cross-cultural marriages _____20_____ recently. I would like to take this chance to sincerely wish them the very best in their love journeys. 【答案】11. H 12. A 13. I 14. G 15. J 16. K 17. B 18. D 19. E 20. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章认为文化差异导致中西婚姻非常困难，具体分析了中西方之间的文化差异，并为跨文化关系提供了建议。 【11题详解】 考查形容词。句意：中国传统文化是以儒家哲学为基础的。分析句子可知，空处作句子的表语，形容词based“（以某事）为基础，为依据”符合题意，构成固定短语be based on，意为“以……为基础”，句中表示“以儒家哲学为基础”。故选H。 【12题详解】 考查形容词。句意：文化差异几乎存在于各个方面，因此也反映在人际关系和婚姻中。分析句子可知，空处是修饰relationship的定语，形容词interpersonal“人际的”符合题意，interpersonal relationship表示“人际关系”。故选A。 【13题详解】 考查名词。句意：保持中西姻缘并不容易，因为文化差异可能会导致误解。分析句子可知，句中表示“文化差异可能会导致误解”，空处作result in的宾语，抽象名词misunderstanding“误解”符合题意。故选I。 【14题详解】 考查名词。句意：从中国传统的角度来看，婚姻是一种涉及家庭、朋友和亲戚的关系。分析句子可知，此处是从中国传统角度解释婚姻，句中指“从中国传统的角度”，名词perspective“角度，视角”符合题意，故选G。 【15题详解】 考查名词。句意：相比之下，西方人的婚姻承认夫妇的独立性和隐私。分析句子可知，空处被the限定，作recognize的宾语，抽象名词independence“独立”符合题意，句中表示“夫妇的独立性和隐私”。故选J。 【16题详解】 考查名词。句意：这就是为什么西方人有时不能理解为什么我们中国人需要支持我们的亲戚，如果我们被要求这样做。分析句子可知，空处被our修饰，作support的宾语，名词复数形式relatives“亲戚”符合题意，句中表示“支持我们的亲戚”。故选K。 【17题详解】 考查形容词。句意：即使在一段关系中，我们仍然与家人和亲戚有某种联系。分析句子可知，空处作句子的表语，形容词connected“相关的，关联的”符合题意，构成固定短语be connected to，意为“与……相关，与……有联系”，句中表示“与家人和亲戚有某种联系”。故选B。 【18题详解】 考查动词。句意：我对跨文化关系的建议是，总是试着设身处地地为对方着想；总是尊重你的伴侣，但也要明确自己的底线；表现出你对不同文化的兴趣，并仔细评论等等。分析句子可知，空处和前面的trying、后面的showing并列，作句子的谓语，动词的现在分词形式respecting“尊重，尊敬”符合题意，句中表示“尊重你的伴侣”。故选D。 【19题详解】 考查形容词。句意：我对跨文化关系的建议是，总是试着设身处地地为对方着想：总是尊重你的伴侣，但也要明确自己的底线；表现出你对不同文化的兴趣，并仔细评论等等。分析句子可知，空处是为修饰culture的定语，根据上文“cross-cultural relationship”可知，形容词different“不同的”符合题意，和culture搭配表示“不同文化”。故选E。 【20题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：最近出现了越来越多的跨文化婚姻。分析句子可知，空处是修饰marriages的后置定语，是非谓语动词，动词的现在分词形式occurring“出现，发生”符合题意，occur和marriages逻辑上是主动关系，句中表示“出现了越来越多的跨文化婚姻”。故选F。 III. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. The United States you may not know The United States is the only superpower in the world, and it is far more advanced than any other country. However, we can’t simply owe (把……归因于) its ____21____ and prosperity to its lucky escape from the destruction of the two world wars. What other nations should reflect on is the American ____22____ and its social system. The most obvious features of the American spirit are ____23____ and pragmatism (务实思想). Nearly 70% of the important inventions have been made in the US since the first industrial revolution. Since the US occupies such an important position in science and technology, naturally it has become the first superpower in the world. Americans are always ____24____ with what they have achieved, and they have an appetite for adventure over the love of ____25____. European countries have been pursuing a reformist (改良主义的) policy of “high tax and high welfare” since the 1960s, while only the US ____26____ the policy of “high risk and high return”. ____27____, the US has become the leader of the third industrial revolution (in technology of information, materials and biology). High salary is not the only ____28____ that the talents from other countries find in the United States. Some characteristics of American society should not be ____29____. Family backgrounds and great wisdom in building connections and playing up to the boss, which is of great importance in other countries, are not so important to _____30_____ development in the US. Most people are on the same starting line, and whether one can succeed or not depends on his own ability and hard work. However, the American character is full of paradoxes (矛盾). The American people are both extremely romantic and pragmatic. The American is a(n) _____31_____ people, but in every field there are workaholics (工作狂). The Americans are open-minded but they are very conservative on certain matters. Since China’s reform and opening-up to the outside world, many media in Western countries have greatly _____32_____ their attitudes towards China. However, the American media are singing the same old tune against China as they were in the Cold War period. The Americans _____33_____ freedom, but their government is very fond of interfering (干预) in other countries’ internal affairs. What’s most puzzling is that the Americans _____34_____ authority, but they highly respect the laws and regulations of the society. Therefore, in such a nation that values personal liberty, the society can still be kept in good order and operate with high _____35_____. Is it odd? No one can provide a satisfactory answer. 21. A. powerfulness B. ability C. energy D. resource 22. A. spirit B. impact C. tradition D. condition 23. A. preservation B. perseverance C. curiosity D. creativity 24. A. dissatisfied B. concerned C. engaged D. pleased 25. A. nature B. competition C. comfort D. innovation 26. A. goes against B. sticks to C. responds to D. gives up 27. A. After all B. As a result C. In other words D. Above all 28. A. potential B. passion C. attraction D. recommendation 29. A. considered B. mentioned C. ignored D. defined 30. A. staff B. group C. private D. individual 31. A. pleasure-seeking B. outgoing C. self-disciplined D. well-educated 32. A. maintained B. changed C. adopted D. compared 33. A. oppose B. rebel C. care D. value 34. A. show B. admire C. challenge D. establish 35. A. efficiency B. response C. honour D. status 【答案】21. A 22. A 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. B 28. C 29. C 30. D 31. A 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章探讨了美国成为超级大国的原因，强调了其创造力、实用主义、爱冒险的美国精神，以及社会制度对个人发展的影响，同时也指出了美国人性格中的种种矛盾之处。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，我们不能简单地把它的强大和繁荣归功于它幸运地躲过了两次世界大战的破坏。A. powerfulness强大；B. ability能力；C. energy能量；D. resource资源。根据上文“The United States is the only superpower in the world, and it is far more advanced than any other country.”可知，美国是世界上唯一的超级大国，它比其他任何国家都先进得多，因此powerfulness“强大”符合语境，和prosperity并列，指强大和繁荣。故选A。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：其他国家应该反思的是美国精神和美国的社会制度。A. spirit精神；B. impact影响；C. tradition传统；D. condition状况。根据下文“The most obvious features of the American spirit are ____3____ and pragmatism (务实思想).”可知，后面开始介绍美国精神最明显的特征，由此可知，此处指美国精神和美国的社会制度。故选A。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：美国精神最明显的特征是创造力和实用主义。A. preservation保存；B. perseverance毅力；C. curiosity好奇心；D. creativity创造力。根据下文“Nearly 70% of the important inventions have been made in the US since the first industrial revolution.”可知，自第一次工业革命以来，近70%的重要发明都是在美国创造的，由此可知，最明显的特征是创造力和实用主义。故选D。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：美国人总是对他们已经取得的成就感到不满，他们对冒险的渴望超过了对舒适的热爱。A. dissatisfied不满意的；B. concerned担忧的；C. engaged忙碌的；D. pleased高兴的。根据下文“and they have an appetite for adventure”可知，美国人更热爱冒险，由此可知，他们对已经取得的成就感到不满，短语be dissatisfied with意为“对……不满意”。故选A。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：美国人总是对他们已经取得的成就感到不满，他们对冒险的渴望超过了对舒适的热爱。A. nature自然；B. competition竞争；C. comfort舒适；D. innovation创新。根据上文“they have an appetite for adventure over the love of”可推知，与冒险精神相对的应该是喜欢舒适。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：自上世纪60年代以来，欧洲国家一直奉行“高税收、高福利”的改良主义政策，而只有美国坚持“高风险、高回报”的政策。A. goes against违背；B. sticks to坚持；C. responds to回应；D. gives up放弃。根据上文“European countries have been pursuing a reformist (改良主义的) policy of “high tax and high welfare” since the 1960s”和表示对比的“while”可知，美国不同于奉行“高税收、高福利”的改良主义政策的欧洲国家，坚持的是“高风险、高回报”的政策。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：因此，美国已成为第三次工业革命（信息、材料和生物技术）的领导者。A. After all毕竟；B. As a result因此；C. In other words换句话说；D. Above all首先。根据上文“while only the US ____6____ the policy of “high risk and high return””和下文“the US has become the leader of the third industrial revolution”可知，前后是因果关系，美国的“高风险、高回报”的政策让其成为第三次工业革命的领导者，应用As a result“因此”衔接。故选B。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：高薪并不是吸引其他国家人才来美国的唯一原因。A. potential潜力；B. passion热情；C. attraction吸引力；D. recommendation推荐。根据上文“High salary”和下文“that the talents from other countries find in the United States”可推知，高薪可以吸引其他国家人才来美国。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：美国社会一些特点不容忽视。A. considered考虑；B. mentioned提及；C. ignored忽视；D. defined定义。根据上文“High salary is not the only ____8____ that the talents from other countries find in the United States.”可知，其他国家人才来美国并不仅仅是为了高薪，由此可知，此处指美国社会的一些特点不容忽视。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查名词和形容词词义辨析。句意：在其他国家非常重要的家庭背景、建立关系和讨好老板的智慧，在美国对个人发展就不那么重要了。A. staff员工；B. group团体；C. private私人的；D. individual个人。根据下文“Most people are on the same starting line, and whether one can succeed or not depends on his own ability and hard work.”可知，一个人能否成功取决于他自己的能力和努力，由此可知，在其他国家非常重要的因素在美国对个人发展就不那么重要了。故选D。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：美国人是一个追求享乐的民族，但在每个领域都有工作狂。A. pleasure-seeking追求享乐的；B. outgoing外向的；C. self-disciplined自律的；D. well-educated受过良好教育的。根据下文“but in every field there are workaholics (工作狂)”可知，前后有转折，与工作狂相对的应该是追求享乐。故选A。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：自中国改革开放以来，西方许多媒体对中国的态度发生了很大的变化。A. maintained维持；B. changed改变；C. adopted采用；D. compared比较。根据下文“However, the American media are singing the same old tune against China as they were in the Cold War period.”可知，前后有转折，与美国媒体对中国态度维持不变相对的应该是西方许多媒体的态度发生改变。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：美国人崇尚自由，但他们的政府却非常喜欢干涉别国的内政。A. oppose反对；B. rebel反叛；C. care关心；D. value尊重。根据下文“but their government is very fond of interfering (干预) in other countries’ internal affairs”可知，前后有转折，与政府非常喜欢干涉别国的内政相对的应该是美国人崇尚自由，下文的“in such a nation that values personal liberty”也有提示。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：最令人费解的是，美国人既挑战权威，又高度尊重社会的法律法规。A. show展示；B. admire钦佩；C. challenge挑战；D. establish建立。根据下文“but they highly respect the laws and regulations of the society”可知，前后有转折，与高度尊重社会的法律法规相对的应该是挑战权威。故选C。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，在这样一个重视个人自由的国家，社会仍然能够保持良好的秩序，高效地运转。A. efficiency效率；B. response反应；C. honour荣誉；D. status地位。根据上文“the society can still be kept in good order”可知，美国社会仍然能够保持良好的秩序，由此可知，它能高效地运转。故选A。 Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) People used to find it safe to keep their treasure and money in some secret or unknown places. They tried various ways as they could think out. They buried treasure to stop other people from taking it. They chose a quiet place, dug a deep hole and buried the treasure in it. Then they made a map of where the treasure was or wrote down other clues that would help them or someone else to find it again. In Britain a few years ago, a writer wrote about some treasure that he had buried. He put clues in the story to help readers find it. Thousands of people hunted for the treasure. They dug holes all over Britain, hoping to find it. One of the most popular adventure stories ever written is Robert Louis Stephenson’s “Treasure Island”, an exciting story about a young boy, Jim Hawkins, who is captured by pirates (海盗) and later finds some buried treasure. Then there is the true story about a man who had to travel overseas for a year. He did not trust banks, so he buried his life savings in a park. Then he went away. On his return, he went straight to the park. But the park was no longer there. In its place there was a huge building. And then there was a woman who buried her savings, all in bank notes, in a waterproof bag. When she dug it up years later, there was nothing left. Worms and insects had eaten the bag and everything in it. And of course, these are stories about people who bury things and either forget where they have buried them or lose the map. Although it is true that people sometimes lose their money because a bank fails, banks are still the safest place to keep our savings and treasures. 36. _________ could help them or someone else to find it again. A. Making a map of the place and writing down some clues B. Digging another hole and writing some clues C. Colouring the place and making the map D. Asking someone else and numbering the place 37. A writer in Britain _________. A. really had buried some small coins B. started a nationwide treasure hunt C. had lost his treasure and wanted people to help him find it D. caused trouble because people dug holes everywhere 38. The man who buried his money in a park _________. A. thought his money was safer there than in a bank B. stayed away longer than he expected C. got his life savings back again D. travelled on the sea for a year 39. From these stories we understand that _________. A. we cannot trust banks B. we should not trust anyone C. burying may not be the safe way to keep something valuable D. insects can keep anything valuable 【答案】36. A 37. D 38. A 39. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了人们埋藏宝藏的一些故事，但把宝藏埋起来，会因为各种各样的原因，最后导致损失财富。说明埋藏宝藏并非明智之举。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Then they made a map of where the treasure was or wrote down other clues that would help them or someone else to find it again.”（然后，他们绘制了一张宝藏的地图，或者写下其他线索，帮助他们或其他人再次找到宝藏。）可知，绘制藏宝图或者写下其他线索有助于日后找到宝藏。故选A项。 【37题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“In Britain a few years ago, a writer wrote about some treasure that he had buried. He put clues in the story to help readers find it. Thousands of people hunted for the treasure. They dug holes all over Britain, hoping to find it.”（几年前在英国，一位作家写到了他埋藏的一些宝藏。他在故事中加入线索帮助读者找到线索。成千上万的人寻找宝藏。他们在英国各地挖洞，希望能找到它。）可知，该英国作家写的故事导致许多人四处挖洞寻找宝藏，引起了麻烦。故选D项。 【38题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“He did not trust banks, so he buried his life savings in a park.”（他不信任银行，所以他把毕生的积蓄埋在了公园里。）可知，他认为把钱埋藏在公园比放在银行更可靠。故选A项。 【39题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段后三句“Then he went away. On his return, he went straight to the park. But the park was no longer there. In its place there was a huge building.”（然后他就走了。他一回来就直接去了公园。但是公园已经不在了。在它的位置上有一座巨大的建筑。）及第五段最后一句“Worms and insects had eaten the bag and everything in it.”（虫子和昆虫把袋子和里面的东西都吃光了。）和第六段“And of course, these are stories about people who bury things and either forget where they have buried them or lose the map.”（当然，还有一些人埋藏了东西，他们要么忘记了埋在哪里，要么丢了地图。）可知，把宝藏埋起来，会因为各种各样的原因，最后导致损失财富，可见，这并非一种安全的方式。故选C项。 (B) DONALD SLOAN Gates Hall University of Kansas Lawrence, KS 66045 913-243-1682 After May 2009: 46 Clayton Drive St．Louis, MO 63130 314-726-8840 Objective To work with the client (委托人) population in a social service position. Education B.A., University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, 2009 Major: Social Services Minor: Applied Psychology Experience Assistant Activities Supervisor,Fairview Nursing Home, Lawrence, KS, November 2006-present．Help organize and implement recreational activities for nursing home residents．Activities include crafts, dances, day trips, sing-alongs, and visiting performers. Hotline Volunteer．Teen Crisis Center, Lawrence, KS, September 2006-May 2007．Handled crisis calls from teenagers in the community．Dealt with drug use, unwanted pregnancies, failing grades, and the breakdown of parent-teen relationships. Nurse’s Aide,Danyers General Hospital, St．Louis, MO, Summer 2006．Assisted nurses in patient care．Took histories, updated charts, and helped prepare patients for surgery. Activities University Concert Board．Work with other board members to plan and implement on-campus concerts. Senior Gift Campaign．Help manage the campaign to raise funds for the senior class gift to the university. Residence Hall Programming Board．Planned social events for Eggar Residence Hall. Skills Fluent in French．Water safety instructor．Skilled at working with people. Interests Skiing, softball, classical music, and guitar． 40. This passage is most probably ______. A. an advertisement for enrolling new employees B. a school report at the end of an academic year C. a self-introduction meant to apply for a job D. a part of a recommendation letter from a university 41. According to the “Experience” section, we can infer that Donald Sloan can be _____. A. a wise leader B. a skillful performer C. a gifted scientist D. a good social worker 42. From the passage we can learn that Donald Sloan ______. A. is good at singing and dancing B. is about to graduate from a university C. has an interest in being a surgeon D. specializes in psychology 【答案】40. C 41. D 42. B 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇应用文。短文介绍了DONALD SLOAN的准备申请工作的自我介绍。 【40题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文尤其是“Objective、Education、Experience、Activities、Skills、Interests”结合生活经验可推断出，本文是准备申请工作的自我介绍。故选C项。 【41题详解】 推理判断题，根据“Assistant Activities Supervisor, Fairview Nursing Home, Lawrence, KS, November 2006-present .Hotline Volunteer．Teen Crisis Center, Lawrence, KS, September 2006- May 2007．Handled crisis calls from teenagers in the community．...Nurse’s Aide, Danyers General Hospital, St．Louis, MO, Summer 2006．Assisted nurses in patient care．Took histories, updated charts, and helped prepare patients for surgery.”可知，DONALD SLOAN做过助理活动主管 ，热线志愿者，护士助理。由此推断出Donald Sloan是一位经历丰富的社会工作者。故选D项。 【42题详解】 细节理解题。根据Education “B.A., University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, 2009 Major: Social Services Minor: Applied Psychology”及“After May 2009:”可知，堪萨斯州劳伦斯市堪萨斯大学文学学士，2009年。专业:社会服务。辅修:应用心理学。2009年5月之后毕业。所以Donald Sloan是一位将要毕业的大学生。故选B项。 (C) The idea that richer countries are happier may seem obvious. However, in 1974, research by economist Richard Easterlin found otherwise, he discovered that while individuals with higher incomes were more likely to be happy, this did not hold at a national level. In the United States, for example, average income per person rose steadily between 1946 and 1970, but reported happiness levels showed no positive long-term trend; in fact, they declined between 196050 and 1970. These differences between nation-level and individual results s gave rise to the term “Easterlin paradox (矛盾)”: the idea that a higher rate of economic growth does not result in higher long-term happiness. Having access to additional income seems to only provide a temporary surge (激增) in happiness. Since a certain minimum income is needed for basic necessities, it’s possible that the happiness boost from extra cash isn’t that great once you rise above the poverty line. This would explain Easterlin’s findings in the United States and other developed countries. He argued that life satisfaction does rise with average incomes but only in the short term. Recent research has challenged the Easternlin paradox, however. In 2013, sociologists Ruut Veenhoven and Floris Vergunst conducted a study using statistics from the World Database of Happiness. Their analysis revealed a positive correlation between economic growth and happiness. Another study by the University of Michigan found that there is no maximum wealth threshold at which more money stops to contribute to your happiness: “If there is a satiation point, we are yet to reach it.” The study’s findings suggested that every extra dollar you earn makes you happier. With a much debate about the relationship between money and happiness, it’s clear that happiness itself is a complex concept and depends on many factors. According to psychologists Selin Kesebir and Shigehiro Oishi, happiness also depends on how your income compares to the people around you. They argue that a country’s economic growth only makes its citizens happier if wealth is evenly divided. In emerging countries with high income inequality — where the rich get richer and the poor get poorer — average happiness tends to drop because only relatively few people benefit from the economic prosperity (繁荣). This suggests that governments should consider implementing policies to ensure more equal distribution of wealth. The happier people are, the more productive they are likely to become, thus leading to improved economic outcomes at the individual and national levels. There is continuing debate about the link between wealth and happiness, with arguments both for and against the notion that richer countries are happier. However, it is clear that wealth alone isn’t enough to make us happy. The effect of income inequality on happiness shows that happiness is a social responsibility. We need to remember the positive effects of generosity, altruism (利他主义), and building social connections. Perhaps our focus should be less on how much money we have, and more on how we use it. 43. According to the passage, Easterlin Paradox refers to . A. the fact that the more money, the happier people will feel B. the suggestion that money should be given the top priority C. the question how economic outcomes are distributed nationwide D. the opinion that higher income doesn’t necessarily lead to happiness 44. The word “satiation” in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to “ ”. A. satisfaction B. questioned C. central D. sensitive 45. What is the major reason for people’s unhappiness related to money? A. Money not enough. B. Money not fairly divided. C. Rich people richer. D. Unequal money paid for equal work. 46. Which of the following might be best title of this passage? A. It’s all relative B. Easternlin paradox C. The economics of happiness D. Rising income, rising happiness 【答案】43. D 44. A 45. B 46. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。对于金钱和幸福的关系，不同的学者有不同的看法，作者认为，我们应该少关注我们有多少钱，而多关注我们应该如何使用它。 【43题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“These differences between nation-level and individual results gave rise to the term “ Easterlin paradox”: the idea that a higher rate of economic growth does not result in higher long-term happiness. (国家水平和个人结果之间的这些差异导致了“伊斯特林悖论”一词的出现：即较高的经济增长率并不会带来较高的长期幸福感。)”可知，伊斯特林悖论指的是高收入不一定带来幸福的观点。故选D。 【44题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段中“Another study by the University of Michigan found that there is no maximum wealth threshold at which more money stops to contribute to your happiness: “If there is a satiation point, we are yet to reach it.” (密歇根大学的另一项研究发现，没有什么财富上限能让更多的钱不再给你带来幸福：“如果有一个satiation点，我们还没有达到。”)”可知，没有最大财富门槛，在该门槛上，更多的钱不再为您的幸福做出贡献。指还没有一个临界点，在这个点上钱将不会使人开心。可推知如果有这样一个让人满足的点，我们还没有达到。故划线单词意思为“满足”，A. satisfaction满意；B. questioned质疑；C. central中心；D. sensitive敏感的人。故选A。 【45题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“They argue that a country’s economic growth only makes its citizens happier if wealth is evenly divided. In emerging countries with high income inequality — where the rich get richer and the poor get poorer — average happiness tends to drop because only relatively few people benefit from the economic prosperity (繁荣). (他们认为，一个国家的经济增长只有在财富得到平均分配的情况下才会让国民更幸福。在收入高度不平等的新兴国家——富人越来越富，穷人越来越穷——平均幸福感往往会下降，因为只有相对较少的人能从经济繁荣中受益。)”可知，只有财富平均分配了人才会开心，即金钱分配不均是造成人们对金钱不快乐的主要原因。故选B。 【46题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据最后一段中“There is continuing debate about the link between wealth and happiness, with arguments both for and against the notion that richer countries are happier. However, it is clear that wealth alone isn’t enough to make us happy. (关于财富与幸福之间的联系，人们仍在争论不休，有人支持，有人反对富裕国家更幸福的观点。然而，很明显，财富本身并不足以使我们幸福。)”可知，文章主要围绕着经济与幸福相关的话题，所以短文的最佳标题是“The economics of happiness (幸福的经济学)”。故选C。 Section C Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Globalization has significantly influenced food consumption in most parts of world, but one country whose food has a long history of being globalized is Italy. If you walk down any main street in any major world city, you will find at least one Italian restaurant. Furthermore, Italy has seen changes in its own eating habits due to influence from other countries. Food has always been very important for Italian families. Italians take a lot of pride in the making and preparation of food. Until recently, pastas — a basic Italian food — would have been made by people in their local area. Families would also have made the sauces to eat with the pasta at home. ___47___ Nowadays, however, Italian eating habits appear to have changed. People no longer spend so much time preparing their meals. Indeed, frozen or takeaway Italian meals have become very popular in Italy. Furthermore, dried pasta is now mass-produced and sold relatively cheaply in the last five years, according to one manufacturer. ___48___ This trend is more common in urban areas such as Rome, Milan and Venice, although many smaller towns are also experiencing similar changes. These changes have both advantages and disadvantages. On the plus side, globalization has increased the range of food available in Italy. Italians now have much more choice in terms of what they eat. They also do not need to spend so long preparing and making food, unless of course they want to. In contrast, it can be argued that large restaurant chains are becoming increasingly powerful, resulting in the destruction of local and national specialties. ___49___ ___50___ Convenience foods have replaced many of the traditional home-cooked meals, and the availability of foreign fruits has greatly increased. While this extra choice is welcomed by some, others fear that the damage it may cause to Italian traditions. A. There is a difference between the food that people eat in the countryside and the food people eat in big cities. B. Consequently, many Italians worry that they are losing their sense of nationality, as foreign food becomes more common. C. In addition, people’s opportunity to experiment with foreign food was very limited, since only pizza and pasta were available in the local town square. D. Possibly the global popularity of Italian eating habits is the increasing popularity of foreign cuisine, especially Indian, Chinese and Japanese foods. E. Another important change in Italian eating habits is the increasing popularity of foreign cuisine, especially Indian, Chinese and Japanese foods. F. Globalization has had a significant influence on the way that Italians eat. 【答案】47. C 48. E 49. B 50. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在全球化背景下，意大利本国的饮食行业及意大利人的日常饮食受到了影响，发生了一些变化，这些变化有利有弊，有人认同，也有人充满担忧。 【47题详解】 前文“Until recently, pastas — a basic Italian food — would have been made by people in their local area. Families would also have made the sauces to eat with the pasta at home. (直到最近，意大利面——一种基本的意大利食物——都是由当地人制作的。人们也会在家里做酱汁和意大利面一起吃)”介绍直到最近意大利人仍会自己制作食物，下一段的开头“Nowadays, however, Italian eating habits appear to have changed. (然而，如今意大利人的饮食习惯似乎已经改变了)”说明现在意大利人的饮食习惯发生了改变，空处位于句尾，因此应该继续介绍意大利传统的饮食习惯。C项“In addition, people’s opportunity to experiment with foreign food was very limited, since only pizza and pasta were available in the local town square. (此外，人们尝试外国食物的机会非常有限，因为在当地的城镇广场上只有披萨和意大利面)”说明意大利人很少尝试外国食物，承接前文，符合语境。故选C。 【48题详解】 后文“This trend is more common in urban areas such as Rome, Milan and Venice, although many smaller towns are also experiencing similar changes. (这一趋势在罗马、米兰和威尼斯等城市地区更为普遍，尽管许多小城镇也在经历类似的变化)”具体说明一种趋势在意大利不同地区的情况，因此空处应该指出这一趋势。E项“Another important change in Italian eating habits is the increasing popularity of foreign cuisine, especially Indian, Chinese and Japanese foods. (意大利饮食习惯的另一个重要变化是外国菜越来越受欢迎，尤其是印度菜、中国菜和日本菜)”指出外国菜越来越受欢迎的趋势，承接前文的两个变化，引出后文的具体说明，后文的This trend指代选项所述内容，符合语境。故选E。 【49题详解】 前文“In contrast, it can be argued that large restaurant chains are becoming increasingly powerful, resulting in the destruction of local and national specialties. (相反，可以认为大型连锁餐厅正变得越来越强大，导致地方和国家特色菜受破坏)”介绍全球化对意大利饮食特色的破坏，空处位于句尾，因此应该进一步说明这种弊端。B项“Consequently, many Italians worry that they are losing their sense of nationality, as foreign food becomes more common. (因此，许多意大利人担心，随着外国食品变得越来越普遍，他们正在失去民族意识)”指出人们对失去民族意识的担心，承接前文，符合语境。故选B。 【50题详解】 根据后文“Convenience foods have replaced many of the traditional home-cooked meals, and the availability of foreign fruits has greatly increased. (方便食品已经取代了许多传统的家常菜，外国水果的供应也大大增加了)”可知，本段主要介绍全球化的影响下，意大利的饮食还发生了很多变化，空处位于段首，是段落主旨句，需统领段落内容，因此应该会指出这种影响。F项“Globalization has had a significant influence on the way that Italians eat. (全球化对意大利人的饮食方式产生了重大影响)”点明了影响，契合后文内容，符合语境。故选F。 IV. Sentence Structures and Elements Directions: Read the following sentences and choose the correct names of the sentence elements for the underlined parts. A主语 B谓语 C宾语 D表语 E定语 F状语 G补语 51. Although the task is difficult, the teacher asks us to finish it. （ ） （ ） （ ） （ ） （ ） 52. In china, respect for older people is of greater importance because of a cultural idea （ ） （ ） （ ） （ ） which is shared by us all. （ ） 【答案】51. ①. F ②. A ③. B ④. C ⑤. G 52. ①. F ②. A ③. D ④. F ⑤. E 【解析】 【51题详解】 考查句子成分。句意：虽然这项任务很难，但老师要求我们完成它。Although the task is difficult“虽然这项任务很难”，为Although引导的让步状语从句，作状语。the teacher“老师”，作主语。asks“要求”，作谓语。us“我们”，作宾语。to finish it“完成它”，作宾语补足语。故答案为：①F；②A；③B；④C；⑤G。 【52题详解】 考查句子成分。句意：在中国，尊重老年人更为重要，因为这是我们所有人共同的文化理念。In china“在中国”，为地点状语。respect for older people“尊重老年人”，作主语。of greater importance“更重要”，位于is后，作表语。because of a cultural idea“因为一种文化观念”，作状语。which is shared by us all“这是我们所有人共享的”，为定语从句，作定语，修饰a cultural idea。故答案为：①F；②A；③D；④F；⑤E。 V. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 53. 男生往往热衷于例如篮球、足球之类的体育锻炼。(typical) （汉译英） _____________________________________________________________ 【答案】Boys are typically keen on physical exercises such as basketball and football. 【解析】 【详解】考查typical的用法。本句中，主语是“男生”，谓语是“热衷于”，翻译为be keen on，宾语是“体育锻炼”，翻译为physical exercises。“例如……”在句中充当状语，翻译为such as basketball and football。题目要求使用typical，意思是“典型的”，正好对应着题目中的“往往”，需要变成副词typically使用。整个句子表达了一种客观状态，使用一般现在时。故整句可翻译为Boys are typically keen on physical exercises such as basketball and football. 54. 包装的回收利用真的有助于减少物品的碳足迹吗?(contribute) (汉译英) _____________________________________________________________ 【答案】Does the recycling of packaging really contribute to reducing the carbon footprint of items? 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和动词短语。句子描述客观事实，应用一般现在时。句子使用一般疑问句，单数名词作主语，助动词用does，位于句首首字母大写，句子的主语“包装的回收利用”the recycling of packaging，“真的”really，“有助于”contribute to，“减少物品的碳足迹”reduce the carbon footprint of items，动词reduce用动名词形式作介词to的宾语。故翻译为Does the recycling of packaging really contribute to reducing the carbon footprint of items? 55. 佛罗伦萨(Florence)汇聚历史遗迹、高端商店、知名学府，是欧洲必去旅游景点。(feature) （汉译英） _____________________________________________________________ 【答案】Florence features historical sites, high-end shops, and renowned universities, making it a must visit tourist attraction in Europe. 【解析】 【详解】考查动词、名词、形容词、非谓语动词以及时态。句子陈述现在事实，时态使用一般现在时。根据题目要求使用feature翻译句子，可以把句子写成主谓宾结构，主语是Florence；使用动词feature“以……为特色”充当谓语，“历史遗迹、高端商店、知名学府”用作宾语，“遗迹”的英语是名词site，根据句意应使用复数形式，“历史上的”的英语是形容词historical，“高端的”的英语是形容词high-end，“知名的”的英语是形容词renowned，“学府”的英语是名词university，根据句意应使用复数形式，因此，宾语的英语表达是historical sites, high-end shops, and renowned universities；“是欧洲的必去旅游景点”是句子的结果状语，表示的意思是“使佛罗伦萨成为欧洲的必去旅游景点”，可以使用现在分词making表示顺承的结果，“必去旅游景点”所以名词短语a must visit tourist attraction，表示“是欧洲的必去旅游景点”的英语表达可以是making it a must visit tourist attraction in Europe，故翻译为Florence features historical sites, high-end shops, and renowned universities, making it a must visit tourist attraction in Europe. 56. 毋庸置疑，为了防止病毒的快速传播，疫苗（vaccines）仍然是抵抗疾病最有效的方法之一。(defend) （汉译英） _____________________________________________________________ 【答案】Undoubtedly, in order to prevent the rapid spread of viruses, vaccines remain one of the most effective methods to defend against diseases. 【解析】 【详解】考查短语和非谓语动词。表示“毋庸置疑”应用副词undoubtedly；表示“为了”应用in order to do，不定式作目的状语；表示“防止病毒的快速传播”翻译为prevent the rapid spread of viruses；主语为复数名词vaccines；表示“仍然是”应用动词remain；表示“抵抗疾病最有效的方法之一”翻译为one of the most effective methods to defend against diseases。为一般现在时。故翻译为Undoubtedly, in order to prevent the rapid spread of viruses, vaccines remain one of the most effective methods to defend against diseases. 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 华东师范大学附属天山学校2024学年第一学期高一英语期中评估 （时间：90分钟 总分：100分） I. Listening Comprehension Section A: Short Conversations Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. By car. B. By ship. C. By plane. D. By train. 2. A. On August 5th B. On August 6th. C. On August 7th. D. On August 8th. 3. A. In a hotel. B. In a bookstore. C. In a classroom. D. In a library.4. A. An airhost. B. A hotel manager. C. A taxi driver. D. A conductor. 5. A. Boring. B. Relaxing. C. Exciting. D. Exhausting. 6. A. Hire a truck. B. Sell her sofa. C. Buy a sofa. D. Move her sofa. 7. A. He went to see a doctor. B. He took his mother to hospital. C. He went to visit a sick friend. D. He had to look after his mother. 8. A. She wants to do something better. B. She will go on a picnic with them. C. She isn’t interested in going out at all. D. She would like to go with them, but she won’t be free. 9. A. He doesn’t intend to get the clothes. B. The clothes don’t look clean to him. C. The woman can pick out her own clothes. D. The woman should stop staring at his clothes. 10. A. The man is as worried as the woman. B. The man can’t find his card for lunch, either. C. The man offers to buy lunch for the woman. D. The man helps the woman find the missing card. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passage and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. A wooden ride. B. A water ride. C. A special treat. D. A surfing game. 12. A. A racing track. B. The nearby ocean. C. A modern castle. D. A palace in the sky. 13. A. Rides in the park. B. Entrance to the park. C. Parking next to the park. D. Parking lot in the park. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. Sad. B. Angry. C. Friendly. D. Worried. 15. A. She bought a new one. B. She washed it herself. C. She sent it to her grandma. D. She returned it to the store. 16. A. It’s never too late to mend. B. A friend in need is a friend indeed. C. All that glitters is not gold. D. Good fortune follows upon disaster. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. A college. B. An online high school. C. A web company. D. A McDonald’s restaurant 18. A. Low. B. Too high. C. Reasonable. D. Changeable. 19. A. Return to school. B. Find another job. C Plan something earlier. D. Pay to get more training. 20. A. Colleagues. B. Mother and son. C. Old classmates. D. Teacher and student. II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: Fill in each blank with the proper form of the given verb. 1. The Renaissance _________(arise) in Italy in the late 13th century and later spread throughout Europe. （所给词的适当形式填空） 2. Western regions all _________(see) rapid development over the last few years, and it means more opportunities for people. （所给词的适当形式填空） 3. Browse through the material, and you _________ (amaze) at the details of it. （所给词的适当形式填空） 4. Hurry up! By the time we get to the assembly hall, the meeting _________(start). （所给词的适当形式填空） 5. The plane _________(leave) at 7: 00 pm according to the timetable, so I have to be at the airport by 6: 40. （所给词的适当形式填空） 6. Bennett ranked first in the final test last term. She_________(remain) modest and kept up her good work ever since. （所给词的适当形式填空） 7. Students are not allowed to use the art centre at the moment because it _________ (decorate). （所给词的适当形式填空） 8. The cost of living was high here, so I had to consider how my salary _________(meet) my future living expenses. （所给词的适当形式填空） 9. He _________ (run) after a thief when a police car drove by. （所给词的适当形式填空） 10. When I got to the theatre, I found that the tickets _________ (sell out) and I didn’t get one. （所给词的适当形式填空） Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word that you do not need. A interpersonal B. connected C. inspired D. respecting E. different F. occurring G. perspective H. based I. misunderstanding J. independence K. relatives The most difficult part of a Chinese-Western marriage is the cultural differences. The traditional Chinese culture is ____11____ on the Confucian philosophy (儒家哲学). However, the Western culture is founded on ancient Greek and Roman civilizations. Cultural differences exist in almost every aspect and are therefore reflected in ____12____ relationship and marriage. It is not easy to keep a Chinese-Western relationship, for cultural differences may result in ____13____. From the traditional Chinese ___14___, marriage is a relationship involving family, friends and relatives. In contrast, Westerners’ marriages recognize the ____15____ and privacy of the couple. That is why Westerners sometimes cannot understand why we Chinese need to support our ____16____ if we are asked to do so. Chinese people need to maintain their “face” and “relations”. Even in a relationship, we are somehow still ____17____ to our family and relatives. Our partner has to understand it and at least does not oppose it. My suggestion for the cross-cultural relationship is always trying to put yourself in the other’s shoes; always ____18____ your partner but making clear your own red lines; showing your interest in the ____19____ culture and carefully remarking on it and so on. There have been more and more cross-cultural marriages _____20_____ recently. I would like to take this chance to sincerely wish them the very best in their love journeys. III. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. The United States you may not know The United States is the only superpower in the world, and it is far more advanced than any other country. However, we can’t simply owe (把……归因于) its ____21____ and prosperity to its lucky escape from the destruction of the two world wars. What other nations should reflect on is the American ____22____ and its social system. The most obvious features of the American spirit are ____23____ and pragmatism (务实思想). Nearly 70% of the important inventions have been made in the US since the first industrial revolution. Since the US occupies such an important position in science and technology, naturally it has become the first superpower in the world. Americans are always ____24____ with what they have achieved, and they have an appetite for adventure over the love of ____25____. European countries have been pursuing a reformist (改良主义) policy of “high tax and high welfare” since the 1960s, while only the US ____26____ the policy of “high risk and high return”. ____27____, the US has become the leader of the third industrial revolution (in technology of information, materials and biology). High salary is not the only ____28____ that the talents from other countries find in the United States. Some characteristics of American society should not be ____29____. Family backgrounds and great wisdom in building connections and playing up to the boss, which is of great importance in other countries, are not so important to _____30_____ development in the US. Most people are on the same starting line, and whether one can succeed or not depends on his own ability and hard work. However, the American character is full of paradoxes (矛盾). The American people are both extremely romantic and pragmatic. The American is a(n) _____31_____ people, but in every field there are workaholics (工作狂). The Americans are open-minded but they are very conservative on certain matters. Since China’s reform and opening-up to the outside world, many media in Western countries have greatly _____32_____ their attitudes towards China. However, the American media are singing the same old tune against China as they were in the Cold War period. The Americans _____33_____ freedom, but their government is very fond of interfering (干预) in other countries’ internal affairs. What’s most puzzling is that the Americans _____34_____ authority, but they highly respect the laws and regulations of the society. Therefore, in such a nation that values personal liberty, the society can still be kept in good order and operate with high _____35_____. Is it odd? No one can provide a satisfactory answer. 21. A. powerfulness B. ability C. energy D. resource 22. A. spirit B. impact C. tradition D. condition 23. A. preservation B. perseverance C. curiosity D. creativity 24. A. dissatisfied B. concerned C. engaged D. pleased 25. A. nature B. competition C. comfort D. innovation 26. A. goes against B. sticks to C. responds to D. gives up 27. A. After all B. As a result C. In other words D. Above all 28. A. potential B. passion C. attraction D. recommendation 29. A. considered B. mentioned C. ignored D. defined 30. A. staff B. group C. private D. individual 31. A. pleasure-seeking B. outgoing C. self-disciplined D. well-educated 32. A. maintained B. changed C. adopted D. compared 33. A. oppose B. rebel C. care D. value 34. A. show B. admire C. challenge D. establish 35. A. efficiency B. response C. honour D. status Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) People used to find it safe to keep their treasure and money in some secret or unknown places. They tried various ways as they could think out. They buried treasure to stop other people from taking it. They chose a quiet place, dug a deep hole and buried the treasure in it. Then they made a map of where the treasure was or wrote down other clues that would help them or someone else to find it again. In Britain a few years ago, a writer wrote about some treasure that he had buried. He put clues in the story to help readers find it. Thousands of people hunted for the treasure. They dug holes all over Britain, hoping to find it. One of the most popular adventure stories ever written is Robert Louis Stephenson’s “Treasure Island”, an exciting story about a young boy, Jim Hawkins, who is captured by pirates (海盗) and later finds some buried treasure. Then there is the true story about a man who had to travel overseas for a year. He did not trust banks, so he buried his life savings in a park. Then he went away. On his return, he went straight to the park. But the park was no longer there. In its place there was a huge building. And then there was a woman who buried her savings, all in bank notes, in a waterproof bag. When she dug it up years later, there was nothing left. Worms and insects had eaten the bag and everything in it. And of course, these are stories about people who bury things and either forget where they have buried them or lose the map. Although it is true that people sometimes lose their money because a bank fails banks are still the safest place to keep our savings and treasures. 36. _________ could help them or someone else to find it again. A. Making a map of the place and writing down some clues B. Digging another hole and writing some clues C. Colouring the place and making the map D. Asking someone else and numbering the place 37. A writer in Britain _________. A. really had buried some small coins B started a nationwide treasure hunt C. had lost his treasure and wanted people to help him find it D. caused trouble because people dug holes everywhere 38. The man who buried his money in a park _________. A. thought his money was safer there than in a bank B. stayed away longer than he expected C. got his life savings back again D. travelled on the sea for a year 39. From these stories we understand that _________. A. we cannot trust banks B. we should not trust anyone C. burying may not be the safe way to keep something valuable D. insects can keep anything valuable (B) DONALD SLOAN Gates Hall University of Kansas Lawrence, KS 66045 913-243-1682 After May 2009: 46 Clayton Drive St．Louis, MO 63130 314-726-8840 Objective To work with the client (委托人) population in a social service position. Education B.A., University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, 2009 Major: Social Services Minor: Applied Psychology Experience Assistant Activities Supervisor,Fairview Nursing Home, Lawrence, KS, November 2006-present．Help organize and implement recreational activities for nursing home residents．Activities include crafts, dances, day trips, sing-alongs, and visiting performers. Hotline Volunteer．Teen Crisis Center, Lawrence, KS, September 2006-May 2007．Handled crisis calls from teenagers in the community．Dealt with drug use, unwanted pregnancies, failing grades, and the breakdown of parent-teen relationships. Nurse’s Aide,Danyers General Hospital, St．Louis, MO, Summer 2006．Assisted nurses in patient care．Took histories, updated charts, and helped prepare patients for surgery. Activities University Concert Board．Work with other board members to plan and implement on-campus concerts. Senior Gift Campaign．Help manage the campaign to raise funds for the senior class gift to the university. Residence Hall Programming Board．Planned social events for Eggar Residence Hall. Skills Fluent in French．Water safety instructor．Skilled at working with people. Interests Skiing, softball, classical music, and guitar． 40. This passage is most probably ______. A. an advertisement for enrolling new employees B. a school report at the end of an academic year C. a self-introduction meant to apply for a job D. a part of a recommendation letter from a university 41. According to the “Experience” section, we can infer that Donald Sloan can be _____. A. a wise leader B. a skillful performer C. a gifted scientist D. a good social worker 42. From the passage we can learn that Donald Sloan ______. A. is good at singing and dancing B. is about to graduate from a university C. has an interest in being a surgeon D. specializes in psychology (C) The idea that richer countries are happier may seem obvious. However, in 1974, research by economist Richard Easterlin found otherwise, he discovered that while individuals with higher incomes were more likely to be happy, this did not hold at a national level. In the United States, for example, average income per person rose steadily between 1946 and 1970, but reported happiness levels showed no positive long-term trend; in fact, they declined between 196050 and 1970. These differences between nation-level and individual results s gave rise to the term “Easterlin paradox (矛盾)”: the idea that a higher rate of economic growth does not result in higher long-term happiness. Having access to additional income seems to only provide a temporary surge (激增) in happiness. Since a certain minimum income is needed for basic necessities, it’s possible that the happiness boost from extra cash isn’t that great once you rise above the poverty line. This would explain Easterlin’s findings in the United States and other developed countries. He argued that life satisfaction does rise with average incomes but only in the short term. Recent research has challenged the Easternlin paradox, however. In 2013, sociologists Ruut Veenhoven and Floris Vergunst conducted a study using statistics from the World Database of Happiness. Their analysis revealed a positive correlation between economic growth and happiness. Another study by the University of Michigan found that there is no maximum wealth threshold at which more money stops to contribute to your happiness: “If there is a satiation point, we are yet to reach it.” The study’s findings suggested that every extra dollar you earn makes you happier. With a much debate about the relationship between money and happiness, it’s clear that happiness itself is a complex concept and depends on many factors. According to psychologists Selin Kesebir and Shigehiro Oishi, happiness also depends on how your income compares to the people around you. They argue that a country’s economic growth only makes its citizens happier if wealth is evenly divided. In emerging countries with high income inequality — where the rich get richer and the poor get poorer — average happiness tends to drop because only relatively few people benefit from the economic prosperity (繁荣). This suggests that governments should consider implementing policies to ensure more equal distribution of wealth. The happier people are, the more productive they are likely to become, thus leading to improved economic outcomes at the individual and national levels. There is continuing debate about the link between wealth and happiness, with arguments both for and against the notion that richer countries are happier. However, it is clear that wealth alone isn’t enough to make us happy. The effect of income inequality on happiness shows that happiness is a social responsibility. We need to remember the positive effects of generosity, altruism (利他主义), and building social connections. Perhaps our focus should be less on how much money we have, and more on how we use it. 43. According to the passage, Easterlin Paradox refers to . A. the fact that the more money, the happier people will feel B. the suggestion that money should be given the top priority C. the question how economic outcomes are distributed nationwide D. the opinion that higher income doesn’t necessarily lead to happiness 44. The word “satiation” in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to “ ”. A. satisfaction B. questioned C. central D. sensitive 45. What is the major reason for people’s unhappiness related to money? A. Money not enough. B. Money not fairly divided. C. Rich people richer. D. Unequal money paid for equal work. 46. Which of the following might be best title of this passage? A. It’s all relative B. Easternlin paradox C. The economics of happiness D. Rising income, rising happiness Section C Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Globalization has significantly influenced food consumption in most parts of world, but one country whose food has a long history of being globalized is Italy. If you walk down any main street in any major world city, you will find at least one Italian restaurant. Furthermore, Italy has seen changes in its own eating habits due to influence from other countries. Food has always been very important for Italian families. Italians take a lot of pride in the making and preparation of food. Until recently, pastas — a basic Italian food — would have been made by people in their local area. Families would also have made the sauces to eat with the pasta at home. ___47___ Nowadays, however, Italian eating habits appear to have changed. People no longer spend so much time preparing their meals. Indeed, frozen or takeaway Italian meals have become very popular in Italy. Furthermore, dried pasta is now mass-produced and sold relatively cheaply in the last five years, according to one manufacturer. ___48___ This trend is more common in urban areas such as Rome, Milan and Venice, although many smaller towns are also experiencing similar changes. These changes have both advantages and disadvantages. On the plus side, globalization has increased the range of food available in Italy. Italians now have much more choice in terms of what they eat. They also do not need to spend so long preparing and making food, unless of course they want to. In contrast, it can be argued that large restaurant chains are becoming increasingly powerful, resulting in the destruction of local and national specialties. ___49___ ___50___ Convenience foods have replaced many of the traditional home-cooked meals, and the availability of foreign fruits has greatly increased. While this extra choice is welcomed by some, others fear that the damage it may cause to Italian traditions. A. There is a difference between the food that people eat in the countryside and the food people eat in big cities. B. Consequently, many Italians worry that they are losing their sense of nationality, as foreign food becomes more common. C. In addition, people’s opportunity to experiment with foreign food was very limited, since only pizza and pasta were available in the local town square. D. Possibly the global popularity of Italian eating habits is the increasing popularity of foreign cuisine, especially Indian, Chinese and Japanese foods. E. Another important change in Italian eating habits is the increasing popularity of foreign cuisine, especially Indian, Chinese and Japanese foods. F. Globalization has had a significant influence on the way that Italians eat. IV. Sentence Structures and Elements Directions: Read the following sentences and choose the correct names of the sentence elements for the underlined parts. A主语 B谓语 C宾语 D表语 E定语 F状语 G补语 51. Although the task is difficult, the teacher asks us to finish it. （ ） （ ） （ ） （ ） （ ） 52. In china, respect for older people is of greater importance because of a cultural idea （ ） （ ） （ ） （ ） which is shared by us all. （ ） V. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 53. 男生往往热衷于例如篮球、足球之类的体育锻炼。(typical) （汉译英） _____________________________________________________________ 54. 包装的回收利用真的有助于减少物品的碳足迹吗?(contribute) (汉译英) _____________________________________________________________ 55. 佛罗伦萨(Florence)汇聚历史遗迹、高端商店、知名学府，是欧洲的必去旅游景点。(feature) （汉译英） _____________________________________________________________ 56. 毋庸置疑，为了防止病毒的快速传播，疫苗（vaccines）仍然是抵抗疾病最有效的方法之一。(defend) （汉译英） _____________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $