专题04 定语从句之关系副词的用法-【寒假分层作业】2025年高一英语寒假培优练（人教版2019）

专题04 定语从句之关系副词的用法 内容早知道 ☛第一层 巩固提升练 考点一 关系副词的基本用法 考点二 “介词+关系代词”的用法 ☛第二层 能力培优练 ☛第三层 拓展突破练 ☛第四层 高考真题练 关系副词的基本用法 【知识积累·练前热身】 定语从句除了由关系代词（that, which, who, whom等）引导外，还可由关系副词when, where, why引导，它们在从句中作状语。 1.关系副词when引导的定语从句 当定语从句所修饰的先行词是表示时间的名词，且在定语从句中充当时间状语时，用when引导，也可以用“介词+which”来代替when。 I will never forget the day when / on which an earthquake struck Wenchuan, Sichuan Province. 我永远也不会忘记四川省汶川县发生地震的那一天。 2.关系副词where引导的定语从句 当定语从句所修饰的先行词是表示地点的名词，且在定语从句中充当地点状语时，用where引导，也可以用“介词+which”来代替where。 The house where / in which I lived ten years ago has been pulled down. 我10年前居住的那所房子已经被拆了。 3.关系副词why引导的定语从句 当先行词是reason且从句缺少状语时，用why引导定语从句，相当于for which。 The reason why / for which I was late was that my car broke down on the way. 我迟到的原因是我的汽车在路上抛锚了。 ⚠️注意： 1.如果定语从句前面的先行词是situation, stage, point, case, position, condition, activity, scene, occasion, spot等抽象地点名词，且在从句中作状语时，应用where来引导定语从句。 Let’s think of a situation where the idiom can be used properly.  让我们想出一个可以正确使用该习语的情况。 Today, we’ll discuss a number of cases where beginners of English fail to use the language properly.  今天，我们将讨论一些关于英语初学者对英语使用不当的情况。 2.先行词是point (时刻)，occasion(时刻)等抽象时间的名词，且关系词在定语从句中作状语时，也应用when引导。 We had reached the point when there was no money left. 3.当先行词为way，意为“方法、方式”。若在定语从句中作主语、宾语时，可用关系代词which或that；作状语时，要用in which 或that或不填。 The way that/which/不填 he explained to us was quite simple. The way that/in which/不填 he explained the sentence to us was not difficult to understand. 1．I still remember that afternoon ________ I fell asleep on the bus and went past my stop. 2．The reason ________ we could succeed was that we could work efficiently as a team. 3．Please take me to a distant land ________ I can find the animal that gave fur to make this sweater. 4．I still remember the year _________ we studied together. 5．The school________we visited yesterday is newly built. 6．Occasions are quite rare ______ I have the time to spend a day with my kids. 7．They were put into a position ________ they had no right to vote or to be elected. 8．I can never forget the day______we worked together and the day______we spent together. 9．We admire him for the way________he faces his difficulties. 10．I’m at an age ________ I don’t know what love is, but your sweet smile still touches me. “介词+关系代词”的用法 1.“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句时，关系代词指物时，为“介词+which”；关系代词指人时，为“介词+whom”;关系代词是所有格时，为“介词+whose”。 The man to whom you spoke is a teacher. The city in which she lives in far away from her home. He is the man in whose pocket I found my lost money. 2.“介词+关系代词”前可能会有some,none,all,both,any,many,most,each,few,neither等代词。 I have many friends, most of which have a good command of English. I have many friends and most of them have a good command of English. 3.某些在从句中充当时间、地点、或原因的介词+关系代词可以和关系副词when,where,why互换。即when=介词+关系代词；where=介词+关系代词；why=for+关系代词。 This is the reason why/for which he gave up the chance. This is the company where/in which we worked last year. I’m looking forward to a day when/on which we can enjoy a clean and quiet environment. 4.介词选择的三个原则: “一先”，即根据先行词的习惯搭配或意义来确定介词。 1) I still remember the day on which I met TFboys.  (on the day在那天) 2) I will never forget the farm on which I worked with you. (on the farm在农场) 3) The money with which you were to buy food is gone. (with money用钱) “二动”，即根据定语从句中的谓语动词的习惯搭配来确定介词。 1)Do you like the book on which she spent $10? (spend money on sth花费金钱做某事).                 2) Do you like the book for which she paid $10? (pay for付钱) “三意义”，即根据定语从句所表达的意义来确定介词。 1) Air, without which man can’t live, is really important.  空气非常重要，没有了它人类便不能生存。                                                                   2)This is the man with whom my brother has worked for ten years.   这就是和我弟弟一起工作了十年的那个人。 ⚠️注意： 并非所有介词都可以放到关系代词前，有些“动词+介词”被视为一个固定的词组, 不可分割, 这时不能把介词置于关系代词前, 如：look for, look after, pay attention to, take care of , look forward to, go through等。 The patient whom she is looking after is her father. ✅ The patient after whom she is looking is her father. ❌ 1. Bob asked several people to come to his home for dinner last night, two of ______were his classmates. 2. They encountered countless hardships throughout their journey, each of ______tested their will, but they succeeded in the end. 3. The gas ______ which we can not live is called oxygen. 4. In the strange city, there wasn’t a single person ______ whom she could turn for help. 5. After ten hours’ drive, we came to a green house, through ______ glass wall we saw lots of green plants. 6. Raising the retirement age is a subject ______ which all the Chinese have argued for a long time. 7. He was the first one in the university to set up a company,_______ which he devoted a lot of time and energy. 8. The man _________ whom I received a letter was my brother! 9. The settlement is home to nearly 1000 people, most of _________ left their village homes for a better life in the city. 10. The film in _________ he played the leading role was a great success 一、完形填空 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的A、B、C、D三个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项。 My brother Henry and I were driving home when he took a wrong turn. The wrong turn took us towards a ___1___ and we had no way to turn back. ___2___, my brother paid the toll (通行费) and drove on. He was clearly ___3___ by the mistake. We finally found a(n)___4___ and, as we took it, my brother noticed a black car ___5___ to the side of the road. A young man holding a mobile phone was standing nearby, trying to ___6___ someone. My brother stopped to ask the man if he needed ___7___. And he did. He had a ___8___ tire (轮胎). With a wrench (扳手), my brother started to help him ___9___ the tire. The young man said that this had been a ___10___week for him; earlier a minor car accident, and now this flat tire. But he called us “A breath of fresh air” and kept ___11___ us and tried to give $20 to us. “No,” my brother said. “We were never ___12___ to even get on that bridge. We took a wrong turn and met you. Thank you for turning our mistake into a ___13___ to serve.” I watched my brother through the whole ___14___. He was able to turn his anger for the mistake into ___15___ energy. He was able to see a chance to help in a negative situation. 1. A. bridge B. road C. street D. tower 2. A. Undoubtedly B. Unluckily C. Unexpectedly D. Unwillingly 3. A. amused B. shocked C. upset D. pleased 4. A. exit B. man C. car D. sign 5. A. speeded up B. pulled over C. went out D. passed by 6. A. greet B. impress C. fight D. call 7. A. advice B. help C. food D. water 8. A. wrong B. dirty C. small D. flat 9. A. change B. roll C. pick D. buy 10. A. busy B. great C. bad D. strange 11. A. following B. thanking C. refusing D. admiring 12. A. required B. asked C. allowed D. meant 13. A. chance B. plan C. dream D. duty 14. A. project B. turn C. process D. speech 15. A. brave B. positive C. right D. different 二、阅读理解 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The first bite of eating ice cream shocks and wakes you up with its coldness. Now enjoy the beauty of four different ice creams around the world. Kakigōri, Japan Kakigōri, the Japanese version of ice cream, is most definitely not a nice-cream cone (蛋卷冰激凌). Some chefs make Kakigōri by shaving(刨) ice from ice blocks. And traditional street sellers still use their hands to shave ice in the summer. They then add syrup(糖浆) to the ice in flavors like green tea, strawberries, grapes and melons. You can get it in the places such as restaurants, coffee shops and soon. Raspado, Mexico While snow cones are made using much sweet syrup, rasp a dos have real fruits or fresh fruit juice. The treat is everywhere throughout Mexico and sold at street carts, which sell a range of fruit-based shaved ice. Sellers make a mixture of a rasp a do and a milkshake called “eskimo” using milk, condensed milk, fresh seasonal fruit, sugar, vanilla and ice. Dondurma, Türk iye Is there an ice cream that doesn’t melt(融化)? Yes, that’s exactly what dondurma is. Locals also call it Maras dondurma, which is believed to come from the city and region of Maras. Dondurma is made with goat milk, sugar, mastic and salep. The Turkish usually buy their dondurma from streets. Frozen Custard, US Frozen custard is the typical American ice cream which is a mixture of milk, cream, sugar and eggs. It is dense because it’s made in a machine that doesn’t let air into it. Americans usually have a choice between vanilla or chocolate. They can also go for a mixture of the two. 1. What do kakigōri and rasp a do have in common? A. They both have shaved ice. B. They are both high output， C. They both only have single taste. D. They both have low popularity. 2. What is included in dondurma? A. Green tea. B. Fruit juice. C. Goat milk. D. Chocolate. 3. Which may be suitable for chocolate lovers? A. Raspado. B. Kakigōri. C. Dondurma. D. Frozen custard. B I’ve been having trouble concentrating on one thing. It made school difficult for me. When everyone else in the class was focusing on tasks, I could not. In my first literature class, Mrs. Smith asked us to read a story and then write on it, all within 45 minutes. I raised my hand right away and said, “Mrs. Smith, you see, the doctor said I have attention problems. I might not be able to do it.” She glanced down at me through her glasses, “You are not different from your classmates, young man.” I tried, but I didn’t finish the reading when the bell rang. I had to take it home. In the quietness of my bedroom, the story suddenly all became clear to me. It was about a blind person, Louis Braille. He lived in a time when the blind couldn’t get much education. But Louis didn’t give up. Instead, he invented a reading system of raised dots (点), which opened up a whole new world of knowledge to the blind. Wasn’t I the “blind” in my class, being made to learn like the “sighted” students? My thoughts spilled out and my pen started to dance. I completed the task within 40 minutes. Indeed, I was not different from others; I just needed a quieter place. If Louis could find his way out of his problems, why should I ever give up? I didn’t expect anything when I handed in my paper to Mrs. Smith, so it was quite a surprise when it came back to me the next day — with an “A” on it. At the bottom of the paper were these words: “See what you can do when you keep trying?” Inspired and touched, I began to keep trying hard in my study and struggled against attention problems. I believe one can find his way out of difficulty with determination (决心) and efforts. 4. Why didn’t the author finish his reading in class? A. He missed several classes before. B. He was not a bit interested in literature. C. He was unable to concentrate on his task. D. He was used to doing his homework at home. 5. What do we know about Louis Braille from the text? A. He was poor. B. He was well-educated. C. He was shortsighted. D. He was very creative. 6. What kind of teacher is Mrs. Smith according to the text? A. Impatient. B. Encouraging. C. Disappointing. D. Careless. 7. What can we learn from the last paragraph? A. You can never be too old to learn. B. Do not judge a book by its cover. C. One good turn deserves another. D. Where there is a will, there is a way. 一、阅读理解 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 I was a shy girl. I didn’t even like to answer the telephone for fear that I had to talk to somebody I didn’t know. I enjoyed the world of shyness. However, at school I had to spend all day in the company of others. My escape was reading. I spent a lot of time studying and was rewarding with good grades. My only failure was Spanish-I’d get all As on my written work and tests, but Ds and Fs on the spoken part. Eventually I went to college. During my third year of college, I had enough of being shy and decided to change my outlook and behavior. One day while at school, I noticed an advertisement for positions on the local classical music radio station. I had grown up listening to classical music, and I could easily pronounce names such as Tchaikovsk and Chopin. I had absolutely no background in radio, and absolutely no hope of getting the job. The idea of talking to thousands of listeners in “radio land” frightened me. However, I luckily survived the interview. I was given brief descriptions of symphonic(交响乐)and a public service announcement to read, and a list of composers’ names to pronounce. It wasn’t hard for me. I left the recording sessions(录音片段)with a sense of relief and a sense of accomplishment. About two weeks later I actually landed the job. It was a challenging job, but I grew to enjoy it greatly. I began to feel comfortable talking to people. Although I now spend many hours each week talking with people, I’m still basically a quiet person. Perhaps it is my soft voice and my quiet nature that helps draw people out as they respond to my questions as I interviewed them. My former shyness is a fortune, as I can relate to people who feel uncomfortable when they talk to newspaper reporters. I still enjoy moments of loneliness and the peace found in nature. But I’m also glad I decided to make a change in my life that has opened many door and opportunities that I never dreamt of. 1. What do we learn about the author? A. She liked reading B. She was good at Spanish. C. She wasn’t interested in music. D. She didn’t work hard enough 2. How did the author feel before the interview? A. Very excited. B. Pretty confident. C. Highly confused. D. Extremely anxious. 3. What does the author later think of her quiet personality? A. It makes others feel less comfortable. B. It is helpful for her challenging job. C. It prevents her being a newspaper reporter. D. It draws a negative response from audiences. 4. The text mainly focuses on the author’s______. A. desire to find her true self B. feeling about being a radio hostess C. story of exploring the meaning of life D. experience and feeling of overcoming shyness 二、七选五 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Circumnavigating the planet (环球旅行) and stopping off wherever you like is the final trip for many travelers. ___1___ Here is a guide to get you started. How to do it ___2___ Theoretically (理论上) any routing is possible, but knowing how the RTW booking system works will make your trip cheaper. For example, the Star Alliance (联盟) has 27 airlines which fly to 1,185 airports in 185 countries, and offers a RTW ticket with a maximum of 15 stops. But there are rules: you must follow one global direction and you must start and finish in the same country. When to go The weather will never be ideal in all of your stops. ___3___ If a Himalaya hike is your highlight, do not land in Nepal mid-monsoon (季风中) season; if you want to swim with whale sharks off the coast of Western Australia, be there between April and July. In general, city sightseeing can be done year-round but outdoor adventures are more reliant on — and enjoyable in — the right weather. ___4___ The classic (and cheapest) RTW tickets flit between a few big cities, for example, London — Bangkok — Singapore — Sydney — LA. If you want to link more offbeat (另类的) places, prices will climb considerably. The cost of the ticket is based on the total distance covered or the number of countries visited. ___5___ Your daily outgoings will be far higher in Europe and North America than in South-East Asia. Indonesia, Bolivia and India are particularly cheap. A. Where to go B. How long will you need C. So, focus on what you want to do most and research conditions there. D. You could travel around the world in a weekend if you flew non-stop. E. Also, if budget (预算) is an issue, spend more time in less expensive countries. F. But booking a round-the-world (RTW) trip can be a complex (复杂的) business. G. The most economical way is to buy a RTW air ticket that uses one airline alliance. 三、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。 In recent months, the China Grand Canal Museum in Yangzhou, which exhibits the history and culture of the Grand Canal, 1 (attract) a great number of visitors. Each day, the museum provides 15, 000 tickets 2 visitors to book in advance. They usually sell out on weekends, making the museum 3 popular landmark in East China. It takes only 20 minutes 4 (get) to the museum by taxi from the Yangzhoudong Railway Station. “My passion 5 (arouse) by those passengers, so I took my children to the museum too. I never knew why it had such great charm 6 I got there.” The museum 7 appearance resembles a giant ship, covers 80,000 square meters and houses exhibition halls. While telling its story, the museum puts an 8 (emphasize) on improving visitors’ experience. Young people can take part in a live-action role-play game designed by the museum, transporting them back to the Ming Dynasty, and 9 (immerse) them in an amazing world. “It is 10 (true) a very meaningful experience,” said a visitor surnamed Chen. 一、阅读理解 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A （2024新课标II卷）We all know fresh is best when it comes to food. However, most produce at the store went through weeks of travel and covered hundreds of miles before reaching the table. While farmer’s markets are a solid choice to reduce the journey, Babylon Micro-Farm (BMF) shortens it even more. BMF is an indoor garden system. It can be set up for a family. Additionally, it could serve a larger audience such as a hospital, restaurant or school. The innovative design requires little effort to achieve a reliable weekly supply of fresh greens. Specifically, it’s a farm that relies on new technology. By connecting through the Cloud, BMF is remotely monitored. Also, there is a convenient app that provides growing data in real time. Because the system is automated, it significantly reduces the amount of water needed to grow plants. Rather than watering rows of soil, the system provides just the right amount to each plant. After harvest, users simply replace the plants with a new pre-seeded pod (容器) to get the next growth cycle started. Moreover, having a system in the same building where it’s eaten means zero emissions (排放) from transporting plants from soil to salad. In addition, there’s no need for pesticides and other chemicals that pollute traditional farms and the surrounding environment. BMF employees live out sustainability in their everyday lives. About half of them walk or bike to work. Inside the office, they encourage recycling and waste reduction by limiting garbage cans and avoiding single-use plastic. “We are passionate about reducing waste, carbon and chemicals in our environment,” said a BMF employee. 1. What can be learned about BMF from paragraph 1? A. It guarantees the variety of food. B. It requires day-to-day care. C. It cuts the farm-to-table distance. D. It relies on farmer’s markets. 2. What information does the convenient app offer? A. Real-time weather changes. B. Current condition of the plants. C. Chemical pollutants in the soil. D. Availability of pre-seeded pods. 3. What can be concluded about BMF employees? A. They have a great passion for sports. B. They are devoted to community service. C. They are fond of sharing daily experiences. D. They have a strong environmental awareness. 4. What does the text mainly talk about? A. BMF’s major strengths. B. BMF’s general management. C. BMF’s global influence. D. BMF’s technical standards. B （2024新课标II卷）Given the astonishing potential of AI to transform our lives, we all need to take action to deal with our AI-powered future, and this is where AI by Design: A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence comes in. This absorbing new book by Catriona Campbell is a practical roadmap addressing the challenges posed by the forthcoming AI revolution (变革). In the wrong hands, such a book could prove as complicated to process as the computer code (代码) that powers AI but, thankfully, Campbell has more than two decades’ professional experience translating the heady into the understandable. She writes from the practical angle of a business person rather than as an academic, making for a guide which is highly accessible and informative and which, by the close, will make you feel almost as smart as AI. As we soon come to learn from AI by Design, AI is already super-smart and will become more capable, moving from the current generation of “narrow-AI” to Artificial General Intelligence. From there, Campbell says, will come Artificial Dominant Intelligence. This is why Campbell has set out to raise awareness of AI and its future now — several decades before these developments are expected to take place. She says it is essential that we keep control of artificial intelligence, or risk being sidelined and perhaps even worse. Campbell’s point is to wake up those responsible for AI—the technology companies and world leaders—so they are on the same page as all the experts currently developing it. She explains we are at a “tipping point” in history and must act now to prevent an extinction-level event for humanity. We need to consider how we want our future with AI to pan out. Such structured thinking, followed by global regulation, will enable us to achieve greatness rather than our downfall. AI will affect us all, and if you only read one book on the subject, this is it. 5. What does the phrase “In the wrong hands” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A. If read by someone poorly educated. B. If reviewed by someone ill-intentioned. C. If written by someone less competent. D. If translated by someone unacademic. 6. What is a feature of AI by Design according to the text? A. It is packed with complex codes. B. It adopts a down-to-earth writing style. C. It provides step-by-step instructions. D. It is intended for AI professionals. 7. What does Campbell urge people to do regarding AI development? A. Observe existing regulations on it. B. Reconsider expert opinions about it. C. Make joint efforts to keep it under control. D. Learn from prior experience to slow it down. 8. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A. To recommend a book on AI. B. To give a brief account of AI history. C. To clarify the definition of AI. D. To honor an outstanding AI expert. 二、七选五 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Overtourism Is For Real: How Can You Help? （2024新课标II卷）Travel promotes understanding, expands our minds, makes us better people, and boosts local economies and communities, but the rapid growth of travel has led to overtourism in certain regions and destinations. ___1___ Certainly not. The loss of what travel offers would be unacceptable in today’s world. Here are some tips on making wise decisions to minimize pressure on the places we visit and improve our experience. ●Choose mindfully. Overvisited destinations are that way for a reason: they’re special. With so many online posts featuring the same places, it’s easy to feel like you’re missing out. Go somewhere only when the landscape, culture or food deeply draws you. ___2___ ●Get creative. The best way to ease pressure on over-touristed destinations is to go somewhere else. Though overtourism is described as a problem affecting the entire world, it’s actually concentrated to a small number of extremely popular spots. That means you have tons of less-visited options to choose from. ___3___ Why not try a regional alternative or check out a popular destination’s lesser-known sights? ●___4___ Minimize impact and maximize experience by skipping major holidays or rush hour. You’ll compete with fewer tourists, save money, experience a different side of a popular place, and boost the economy when tourism is traditionally slower. Visiting a place that others call home is a privilege (荣幸). Do your part to preserve what makes a destination special in the first place. ___5___ You may be amazed how much closer you’ll feel to the people there. A. Visit during off-peak times. B. So, should we stop traveling? C. Travel for you and no one else. D. Can overtourism be avoided then? E. You can still find relatively undiscovered places. F. You’ll find yourself virtually alone, or close to it. G. Consider giving back to the communities you’re visiting. 三、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。 （2024新课标II卷）Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu, ___1___ is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia,” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare’s hometown. Tang and Shakespeare were contemporaries and both died in 1616. Although they could never have met, there are common ___2___ (theme) in their works, said Paul Edmondson, head of research for the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust. “Some of the things that Tang was writing about ___3___ (be) also Shakespeare’s concerns. I happen to know that Tang’s play The Peony Pavilion (《牡丹亭》) is similar in some ways ___4___ Romeo and Juliet.” A statue commemorating Shakespeare and Tang was put up at Shakespeare’s Birthplace Garden in 2017. Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, ___5___ (inspire)by The Peony Pavilion, ___6___ (build)at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace. Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international ___7___ (visible), said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed ___8___ (find)the connection between the two great writers. ___9___ (recall)watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare’s play Richard III in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion, Edmondson said, “It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language ____10____ see how Tang’s play was being performed.” 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！34 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题04 定语从句之关系副词的用法 内容早知道 ☛第一层 巩固提升练 考点一 关系副词的基本用法 考点二 “介词+关系代词”的用法 ☛第二层 能力培优练 ☛第三层 拓展突破练 ☛第四层 高考真题练 关系副词的基本用法 【知识积累·练前热身】 定语从句除了由关系代词（that, which, who, whom等）引导外，还可由关系副词when, where, why引导，它们在从句中作状语。 1.关系副词when引导的定语从句 当定语从句所修饰的先行词是表示时间的名词，且在定语从句中充当时间状语时，用when引导，也可以用“介词+which”来代替when。 I will never forget the day when / on which an earthquake struck Wenchuan, Sichuan Province. 我永远也不会忘记四川省汶川县发生地震的那一天。 2.关系副词where引导的定语从句 当定语从句所修饰的先行词是表示地点的名词，且在定语从句中充当地点状语时，用where引导，也可以用“介词+which”来代替where。 The house where / in which I lived ten years ago has been pulled down. 我10年前居住的那所房子已经被拆了。 3.关系副词why引导的定语从句 当先行词是reason且从句缺少状语时，用why引导定语从句，相当于for which。 The reason why / for which I was late was that my car broke down on the way. 我迟到的原因是我的汽车在路上抛锚了。 ⚠️注意： 1.如果定语从句前面的先行词是situation, stage, point, case, position, condition, activity, scene, occasion, spot等抽象地点名词，且在从句中作状语时，应用where来引导定语从句。 Let’s think of a situation where the idiom can be used properly.  让我们想出一个可以正确使用该习语的情况。 Today, we’ll discuss a number of cases where beginners of English fail to use the language properly.  今天，我们将讨论一些关于英语初学者对英语使用不当的情况。 2.先行词是point (时刻)，occasion(时刻)等抽象时间的名词，且关系词在定语从句中作状语时，也应用when引导。 We had reached the point when there was no money left. 3.当先行词为way，意为“方法、方式”。若在定语从句中作主语、宾语时，可用关系代词which或that；作状语时，要用in which 或that或不填。 The way that/which/不填 he explained to us was quite simple. The way that/in which/不填 he explained the sentence to us was not difficult to understand. 1．I still remember that afternoon ________ I fell asleep on the bus and went past my stop. 【答案】when 【详解】句意：我还记得那天下午，我在公共汽车上睡着了，过了站。 考查定语从句。分析句子，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词afternoon，指时间，在从句中作时间状语，故用when。故填when。 2．The reason ________ we could succeed was that we could work efficiently as a team. 【答案】why 【详解】句意：我们能够成功的原因是我们可以作为一个团队高效地工作。 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，从句中结构完整，应该用关系副词引导，先行词是reason，所以应该用why引导。故填why。 3．Please take me to a distant land ________ I can find the animal that gave fur to make this sweater. 【答案】where 【详解】句意：请带我去一个遥远的地方，在那里我可以找到为制作这件毛衣提供皮毛的动物。 考查定语从句。句中先行词为land，在定语从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。结合句意，故填where。 4．I still remember the year _________ we studied together. 【答案】when 【详解】句意：我仍然记得我们一起学习的那一年。 考查定语从句。分析句子，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词the year，先行词指时间，关系词在定语从句中作时间状语，所以使用关系副词when引导定语从句。故填when。 5．The school________we visited yesterday is newly built. 【答案】that/which/不填 【详解】句意：我们昨天参观的学校是新建造的。 考查定语从句。分析句子，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词the school，先行词指物，关系词在定语从句中作动词visited的宾语，所以空处应填写关系代词that/which。故填that/which/不填。 6．Occasions are quite rare ______ I have the time to spend a day with my kids. 【答案】when 【详解】句意：我花一天时间和孩子们在一起的机会是非常罕见的。 考查定语从句。分析句子可知，这是一个包含定语从句的复合句，先行词为occasion，表示时间，且先行词在从句中做状语，故用关系副词when来引导定语从句，故填when。 7．They were put into a position ________ they had no right to vote or to be elected. 【答案】where 【详解】句意：他们处于无选举权和无被选举权的处境中。 考查定语从句。空前空后都是句子，需用连接词引导空后从句。因为句子跟在名词position之后作定语从句，关系词在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where引导该从句。故填where. 8．I can never forget the day______we worked together and the day______we spent together. 【答案】when, which/that/不填 【详解】句意：我永远不会忘记我们一起工作的日子，还有我们一起度过的日子。 考查定语从句。第一空中the day是先行词，定语从句we worked together是主谓结构，work是不及物动词，定语从句不缺少主语或宾语，先行词指时间，故用when引导，故填when；第二空后spent“度过”，后面缺少宾语，故用which/that引导定语从句，也可以不填，故填which/that/不填。 9．We admire him for the way________he faces his difficulties. 【答案】that/in which/不填 【详解】句意：我们钦佩他面对困难的方法。 查定语从句。此处是限定性定语从句，修饰先行词way，关系词替代先行词在从句作状语，故填that/in which或不填。 10．I’m at an age ________ I don’t know what love is, but your sweet smile still touches me. 【答案】when 【详解】句意：我已经到了不懂什么是爱的年纪，但你甜美的笑容依然让我感动。 考查定语从句。句中先行词为age，在定语从句中作时间状语，所以用关系副词when引导。根据句意，故填when。 “介词+关系代词”的用法 1.“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句时，关系代词指物时，为“介词+which”；关系代词指人时，为“介词+whom”;关系代词是所有格时，为“介词+whose”。 The man to whom you spoke is a teacher. The city in which she lives in far away from her home. He is the man in whose pocket I found my lost money. 2.“介词+关系代词”前可能会有some,none,all,both,any,many,most,each,few,neither等代词。 I have many friends, most of which have a good command of English. I have many friends and most of them have a good command of English. 3.某些在从句中充当时间、地点、或原因的介词+关系代词可以和关系副词when,where,why互换。即when=介词+关系代词；where=介词+关系代词；why=for+关系代词。 This is the reason why/for which he gave up the chance. This is the company where/in which we worked last year. I’m looking forward to a day when/on which we can enjoy a clean and quiet environment. 4.介词选择的三个原则: “一先”，即根据先行词的习惯搭配或意义来确定介词。 1) I still remember the day on which I met TFboys.  (on the day在那天) 2) I will never forget the farm on which I worked with you. (on the farm在农场) 3) The money with which you were to buy food is gone. (with money用钱) “二动”，即根据定语从句中的谓语动词的习惯搭配来确定介词。 1)Do you like the book on which she spent $10? (spend money on sth花费金钱做某事).                 2) Do you like the book for which she paid $10? (pay for付钱) “三意义”，即根据定语从句所表达的意义来确定介词。 1) Air, without which man can’t live, is really important.  空气非常重要，没有了它人类便不能生存。                                                                   2)This is the man with whom my brother has worked for ten years.   这就是和我弟弟一起工作了十年的那个人。 ⚠️注意： 并非所有介词都可以放到关系代词前，有些“动词+介词”被视为一个固定的词组, 不可分割, 这时不能把介词置于关系代词前, 如：look for, look after, pay attention to, take care of , look forward to, go through等。 The patient whom she is looking after is her father. ✅ The patient after whom she is looking is her father. ❌ 1. Bob asked several people to come to his home for dinner last night, two of______were his classmates. 【答案】whom 【详解】句意：鲍勃昨晚请几个人来他家吃饭，其中两个是他的同学。 考查定语从句。分析句子可知，两个句子之间没有连词，应该考查非限制性定语从句，先行词people指人，用whom作宾语，引导定语从句，故填whom。 2. They encountered countless hardships throughout their journey, each of______tested their will, but they succeeded in the end. 【答案】which 【详解】句意：他们在旅途中遇到了无数的困难，每一次都考验了他们的意志，但他们最终成功了。 考查定语从句。分析句子可知，这里考查非限制性定语从句，先行词hardships，为物，在从句中作介词of后宾语，所以应用关系代词which，故填which。 3. The gas ______ which we can not live is called oxygen. 【答案】without 【详解】句意：没有氧气我们就无法生存。 介词+关系代词。“介词+关系代词(which)”引导是限制性定语从句，介词的选择与和先行词或从句中形成的搭配有关，without the gas (没有这种气体)，用介词without。故填without。 4. In the strange city, there wasn’t a single person ______ whom she could turn for help 【答案】to 【详解】句意：在这个陌生的城市里，她找不到一个可以求助的人。 考查介词+关系代词。分析句子可知，句子为“介词+关系代词”引导的限制性定语从句，先行词为“person”，句中涉及固定短语“turn to sb. for hep”，意为“向某人求助”，先行词“person”在从句中作介词“to”的宾语，故空格处应用介词“to”。故填to。 5. After ten hours’ drive, we came to a green house, through ______ glass wall we saw lots of green plants. 【答案】whose 【详解】句意：经过十个小时的车程，我们来到了一所绿色的房子，透过它的玻璃墙，我们看到了许多绿色的植物。 考查定语从句。分析句子可知，此处考查非限制性定语从句，从句的名词glass wall缺少定语，用whose表示“……的”，故填whose。 6. Raising the retirement age is a subject ______ which all the Chinese have argued for a long time. 【答案】about 【详解】句意：提高退体年龄是所有中国人长期争论的话题。 考查介词+关系代词。分析句子结构，本句为含有“介词+which”引导定语从句的复合句，定语从句修饰先行词 subject，argue about sth表示“就某事争论”，所以介词应用 about。故填 about。 7. He was the first one in the university to set up a company,_______ which he devoted a lot of time and energy. 【答案】to  【详解】句意：他是村里第一个成立公司的人，为此他投入了大量的时间和精力。 考查介词+关系代词。根据句子结构分析，可知逗号后是非限制性定语从句，devote…to…是固定短语，意为“将……致力于……”，是介词+关系代词引导的非限制性定语从句，介词是to，故填to。 8. The man _________ whom I received a letter was my brother! 【答案】from 【详解】句意：我收到这封信的那个人是我的哥哥。 考查介词+关系代词。分析可知，man后是“介词+关系代词引导的限制性定语从句，介词取决于先行词或从句中的谓语动词的相关搭配。根据句意可知，我收到这封信的那个人是我的哥哥，我是从那个人那里收到信，因此空格处是“从”，receive sth from，即介词 from，故填 from。 9. The settlement is home to nearly 1000 people, most of _________ left their village homes for a better life in the city. 【答案】whom 【详解】句意：这里是将近 1000人的家园，他们中的很多人为了在城市里过上更好的日子而背井离乡。 考查介词+关系代词。分析句子结构可知，该句是定语从句。关系词前有介词，需用“介词+which/whom”的结构，先行词是 people，指人。故填 whom。 10. The film in _________ he played the leading role was a great success 【答案】which 【详解】句意：他主演的那部电影非常成功。 考查介词+关系代词。分析句子结构可知，介词in与设空处构成“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，先行词为The film，指物，在从句中作状语，因而用in which引导。故填which。 一、完形填空 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的A、B、C、D三个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项。 My brother Henry and I were driving home when he took a wrong turn. The wrong turn took us towards a ___1___ and we had no way to turn back. ___2___, my brother paid the toll (通行费) and drove on. He was clearly ___3___ by the mistake. We finally found a(n)___4___ and, as we took it, my brother noticed a black car ___5___ to the side of the road. A young man holding a mobile phone was standing nearby, trying to ___6___ someone. My brother stopped to ask the man if he needed ___7___. And he did. He had a ___8___ tire (轮胎). With a wrench (扳手), my brother started to help him ___9___ the tire. The young man said that this had been a ___10___week for him; earlier a minor car accident, and now this flat tire. But he called us “A breath of fresh air” and kept ___11___ us and tried to give $20 to us. “No,” my brother said. “We were never ___12___ to even get on that bridge. We took a wrong turn and met you. Thank you for turning our mistake into a ___13___ to serve.” I watched my brother through the whole ___14___. He was able to turn his anger for the mistake into ___15___ energy. He was able to see a chance to help in a negative situation. 1. A. bridge B. road C. street D. tower 2. A. Undoubtedly B. Unluckily C. Unexpectedly D. Unwillingly 3. A. amused B. shocked C. upset D. pleased 4. A. exit B. man C. car D. sign 5. A. speeded up B. pulled over C. went out D. passed by 6. A. greet B. impress C. fight D. call 7. A. advice B. help C. food D. water 8. A. wrong B. dirty C. small D. flat 9. A. change B. roll C. pick D. buy 10. A. busy B. great C. bad D. strange 11. A. following B. thanking C. refusing D. admiring 12. A. required B. asked C. allowed D. meant 13. A. chance B. plan C. dream D. duty 14. A. project B. turn C. process D. speech 15. A. brave B. positive C. right D. different 【答案】1.A 2.D 3.C 4.A 5.B 6.D 7.B 8.D 9.A 10.C 11.B 12.D 13.A 14.C 15.B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。哥哥亨利和“我”开车回家时拐错了弯还付了通行费，这让哥哥非常恼火，但是在帮助路边的一辆车换了轮胎之后，哥哥把对错误的愤怒转化为了积极的能量。 【1题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：错误的转弯把我们带向一座桥，我们没有办法回头。A. bridge桥；B. road路；C. street街道；D. tower塔。根据后文“get on that bridge(上那座桥)”可知，此处是指带向一座桥。故选A。 【2题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我哥哥不情愿地付了通行费，继续开车。A. Undoubtedly毫无疑问地；B. Unluckily不幸地；C. Unexpectedly出乎意料地，意外地；D. Unwillingly不情愿地。根据“my brother paid the toll”可知，此处是指不情愿地付了通行费。故选D。 【3题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他显然因这个错误而心烦意乱。A. amused快乐的；B. shocked震惊的；C. upset失落的；D. pleased开心的。根据前文“my brother paid the toll (通行费) and drove on”可知，此处是指因这个错误而心烦意乱。故选C。 【4题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们终于找到了一个出口，当我们走出去的时候，我哥哥注意到一辆黑色的汽车停在路边。A. exit出口；B. man男人；C. car汽车；D. sign信号。根据前文“The wrong turn took us towards”可知，此处是指找到出口下桥。故选A。 【5题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们终于找到了一个出口，当我们走出去的时候，我哥哥注意到一辆黑色的汽车停在路边。A. speeded up加速；B. pulled over靠边停车；C. went out外出；D. passed by经过。根据“to the side of the road”可知，此处是指一辆黑色的汽车停在路边。故选B。 【6题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个拿着手机的年轻人站在附近，试图打电话给某人。A. greet问候；B. impress使……印象深刻；C. fight打架；D. call给……打电话。根据“A young man holding a mobile phone”可知，此处是指试图打电话给某人。故选D。 【7题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我哥哥停下来问那个人是否需要帮助。A. advice建议；B. help帮助；C. food食物；D. water水。根据后文“my brother started to help him(我哥哥开始帮他)”可知，此处是指是否需要帮助。故选B。 【8题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的轮胎漏气了。A. wrong错误的；B. dirty脏的；C. small小的；D. flat（轮胎）没气的，瘪的。根据“With a wrench(拿着一个扳手)”可知，此处是指轮胎漏气了。故选D。 【9题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我哥哥拿着扳手开始帮他换轮胎。A. change更换；B. roll翻滚；C. pick拾；D. buy购买。根据“With a wrench”可知，此处是指换轮胎。故选A。 【10题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：年轻人说这一周他过得很糟糕；之前是一场小车祸，现在又爆胎了。A. busy忙碌的；B. great极好的；C. bad糟糕的；D. strange奇怪的。根据“earlier a minor car accident, and now this flat tire”可知，此处是指这一周他过得很糟糕。故选C。 【11题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但他称我们为“一股新鲜空气”，不停地感谢我们，并试图给我们20美元。A. following跟随；B. thanking感谢；C. refusing拒绝；D. admiring钦佩。根据“and tried to give $20 to us(还想给我们20美元)”可知，此处是指不停地感谢“我”们。故选B。 【12题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们根本就没打算上那座桥。A. required要求；B. asked询问；C. allowed允许；D. meant打算。根据后文“We took a wrong turn and met you.(我们拐错了弯，遇见了你。)”可知，此处是指没打算上那座桥。故选D。 【13题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：感谢您把我们的错误变成提供服务的机会。A. chance机会；B. plan计划；C. dream梦想；D. duty责任。根据“Thank you for turning our mistake into a”可知，此处是指把错误变成提供服务的机会。故选A。 【14题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：整个过程中我都看着哥哥。A. project项目；B. turn拐弯；C. process过程；D. speech演讲。根据后文“He was able to see a chance to help in a negative situation.(他能在不利的情况下看到帮助别人的机会。)”可知，此处是指整个过程中。故选C。 【15题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他把对错误的愤怒转化为积极的能量。A. brave勇敢的；B. positive积极的；C. right正确的；D. different不同的。根据后文“He was able to see a chance to help in a negative situation.(他能在不利的情况下看到帮助别人的机会。)”可知，此处是指把对错误的愤怒转化为积极的能量。故选B。 二、阅读理解 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The first bite of eating ice cream shocks and wakes you up with its coldness. Now enjoy the beauty of four different ice creams around the world. Kakigōri, Japan Kakigōri, the Japanese version of ice cream, is most definitely not a nice-cream cone (蛋卷冰激凌). Some chefs make Kakigōri by shaving(刨) ice from ice blocks. And traditional street sellers still use their hands to shave ice in the summer. They then add syrup(糖浆) to the ice in flavors like green tea, strawberries, grapes and melons. You can get it in the places such as restaurants, coffee shops and soon. Raspado, Mexico While snow cones are made using much sweet syrup, rasp a dos have real fruits or fresh fruit juice. The treat is everywhere throughout Mexico and sold at street carts, which sell a range of fruit-based shaved ice. Sellers make a mixture of a raspado and a milkshake called “eskimo” using milk, condensed milk, fresh seasonal fruit, sugar, vanilla and ice. Dondurma, Türk iye Is there an ice cream that doesn’t melt(融化)? Yes, that’s exactly what dondurma is. Locals also call it Maras dondurma, which is believed to come from the city and region of Maras. Dondurma is made with goat milk, sugar, mastic and salep. The Turkish usually buy their dondurma from streets. Frozen Custard, US Frozen custard is the typical American ice cream which is a mixture of milk, cream, sugar and eggs. It is dense because it’s made in a machine that doesn’t let air into it. Americans usually have a choice between vanilla or chocolate. They can also go for a mixture of the two. 1. What do kakigōri and rasp a do have in common? A. They both have shaved ice. B. They are both high output， C. They both only have single taste. D. They both have low popularity. 2. What is included in dondurma? A. Green tea. B. Fruit juice. C. Goat milk. D. Chocolate. 3. Which may be suitable for chocolate lovers? A. Raspado. B. Kakigōri. C. Dondurma. D. Frozen custard. 【答案】1.A 2.C 3.D 【解析】 【导语】本文是应用文。文章介绍了四个国家的具有代表性的冰激凌。 【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Kakigōri, Japan部分中“Some chefs make Kakigōri by shaving(刨) ice from ice blocks. (一些厨师通过从冰块上刮冰来制作Kakigōri。)”和Raspado, Mexico部分中“The treat is everywhere throughout Mexico and sold at street carts, which sell a range of fruit-based shaved ice. (这种美食在墨西哥随处可见，在街头手推车上出售，手推车上出售一系列水果刨冰。)”可知，kakigōri和raspado的共同之处是都有刨冰。故选A。 【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Dondurma, Türk iye部分中“Dondurma is made with goat milk, sugar, mastic and salep. The Turkish usually buy their dondurma from streets. (Dondurma是用羊奶、糖、玛蹄脂和salep制成的。土耳其人通常在街上买他们的dondurma。)”可知，dondurma中含有羊奶。故选C。 【3题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Americans usually have a choice between vanilla or chocolate. (美国人通常可以在香草和巧克力之间做出选择。)”可知，frozen custard有香草口味和巧克力口味，适合巧克力爱好者。故选D。 B I’ve been having trouble concentrating on one thing. It made school difficult for me. When everyone else in the class was focusing on tasks, I could not. In my first literature class, Mrs. Smith asked us to read a story and then write on it, all within 45 minutes. I raised my hand right away and said, “Mrs. Smith, you see, the doctor said I have attention problems. I might not be able to do it.” She glanced down at me through her glasses, “You are not different from your classmates, young man.” I tried, but I didn’t finish the reading when the bell rang. I had to take it home. In the quietness of my bedroom, the story suddenly all became clear to me. It was about a blind person, Louis Braille. He lived in a time when the blind couldn’t get much education. But Louis didn’t give up. Instead, he invented a reading system of raised dots (点), which opened up a whole new world of knowledge to the blind. Wasn’t I the “blind” in my class, being made to learn like the “sighted” students? My thoughts spilled out and my pen started to dance. I completed the task within 40 minutes. Indeed, I was not different from others; I just needed a quieter place. If Louis could find his way out of his problems, why should I ever give up? I didn’t expect anything when I handed in my paper to Mrs. Smith, so it was quite a surprise when it came back to me the next day — with an “A” on it. At the bottom of the paper were these words: “See what you can do when you keep trying?” Inspired and touched, I began to keep trying hard in my study and struggled against attention problems. I believe one can find his way out of difficulty with determination (决心) and efforts. 4. Why didn’t the author finish his reading in class? A. He missed several classes before. B. He was not a bit interested in literature. C. He was unable to concentrate on his task. D. He was used to doing his homework at home. 5. What do we know about Louis Braille from the text? A. He was poor. B. He was well-educated. C. He was shortsighted. D. He was very creative. 6. What kind of teacher is Mrs. Smith according to the text? A. Impatient. B. Encouraging. C. Disappointing. D. Careless. 7. What can we learn from the last paragraph? A. You can never be too old to learn. B. Do not judge a book by its cover. C. One good turn deserves another. D. Where there is a will, there is a way. 【答案】4.C 5.D 6.B 7.D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者患有注意力障碍，不能集中精力于所做的事情，他不愿努力而且想放弃。但在路易·布莱叶故事的激励下，作者克服困难，很好地完成作业并得到老师的高度认可。 【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“I’ve been having trouble concentrating on one thing. It made school difficult for me. When everyone else in the class was focusing on tasks, I could not.(我一直无法集中精力做一件事。这让我在学校学习变得很困难。当班上其他人都专注于任务时，我却不能。)”可知，作者没有在课堂上完成阅读是因为他无法专注于他的任务。故选C。 【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段第五句“Instead, he invented a reading system of raised dots (点), which opened up a whole new world of knowledge to the blind.(相反，他发明了一种凸起点的阅读系统，为盲人打开了一个全新的知识世界。)”可知，路易·布莱叶很有创造力。故选D。 【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“She glanced down at me through her glasses, “You are not different from your classmates, young man.”(她透过眼镜瞥了我一眼：“年轻人，你和你的同学没什么不同。”)”和第六段“I didn’t expect anything when I handed in my paper to Mrs. Smith, so it was quite a surprise when it came back to me the next day — with an “A” on it. At the bottom of the paper were these words: “See what you can do when you keep trying?”(当我把论文交给史密斯太太的时候，我并没有期望得到什么，所以当我第二天收到我的论文时，我很惊讶——上面还有一个“a”。在纸的底部有这样一句话：“看看当你不断尝试时你能做什么？”)”可知，史密斯太太是一个很会鼓励学生的老师。故选B。 【7题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“I believe one can find his way out of difficulty with determination (决心) and efforts.(我相信只要有决心和努力，就能走出困境。)”可知，从最后一段中可以了解到有志者事竟成的道理。故选D。 一、阅读理解 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 I was a shy girl. I didn’t even like to answer the telephone for fear that I had to talk to somebody I didn’t know. I enjoyed the world of shyness. However, at school I had to spend all day in the company of others. My escape was reading. I spent a lot of time studying and was rewarding with good grades. My only failure was Spanish-I’d get all As on my written work and tests, but Ds and Fs on the spoken part. Eventually I went to college. During my third year of college, I had enough of being shy and decided to change my outlook and behavior. One day while at school, I noticed an advertisement for positions on the local classical music radio station. I had grown up listening to classical music, and I could easily pronounce names such as Tchaikovsk and Chopin. I had absolutely no background in radio, and absolutely no hope of getting the job. The idea of talking to thousands of listeners in “radio land” frightened me. However, I luckily survived the interview. I was given brief descriptions of symphonic(交响乐)and a public service announcement to read, and a list of composers’ names to pronounce. It wasn’t hard for me. I left the recording sessions(录音片段)with a sense of relief and a sense of accomplishment. About two weeks later I actually landed the job. It was a challenging job, but I grew to enjoy it greatly. I began to feel comfortable talking to people. Although I now spend many hours each week talking with people, I’m still basically a quiet person. Perhaps it is my soft voice and my quiet nature that helps draw people out as they respond to my questions as I interviewed them. My former shyness is a fortune, as I can relate to people who feel uncomfortable when they talk to newspaper reporters. I still enjoy moments of loneliness and the peace found in nature. But I’m also glad I decided to make a change in my life that has opened many door and opportunities that I never dreamt of. 1. What do we learn about the author? A. She liked reading B. She was good at Spanish. C. She wasn’t interested in music. D. She didn’t work hard enough 2. How did the author feel before the interview? A. Very excited. B. Pretty confident. C. Highly confused. D. Extremely anxious. 3. What does the author later think of her quiet personality? A. It makes others feel less comfortable. B. It is helpful for her challenging job. C. It prevents her being a newspaper reporter. D. It draws a negative response from audiences. 4. The text mainly focuses on the author’s______. A. desire to find her true self B. feeling about being a radio hostess C. story of exploring the meaning of life D. experience and feeling of overcoming shyness 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. B 4. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者从小害羞、不善于表达，由于大学期间面试了一份与人交流的工作，从而性格有所改变，克服了害羞的缺点。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“My escape was reading. I spent a lot of time studying and was rewarding with good grades (我逃避的方式是读书，我花了很多时间学习，取得了好成绩)”可知，作者喜欢读书，故选A项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“The idea of talking to thousands of listeners in “radio land” frightened me(在“广播之地”与成千上万的听众交谈的想法吓坏了我)”可知，作者在参加面试之前感到很紧张，故选D项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“My former shyness is a fortune, as I can relate to people who feel uncomfortable when they talk to newspaper reporters.(我以前的害羞是一种幸运，因为我能与那些在与报社记者交谈时感到不舒服的人相处)”可知，作者后来认为自己的性格对她富有挑战性的工作很有帮助，故选B项。 【4题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“I was a shy girl. I didn’t even like to answer the telephone for fear that I had to talk to somebody I didn’t know.( 我是个害羞的女孩。我甚至不喜欢接电话，因为我害怕不得不和一个我不认识的人说话)”、第二段“During my third year of college, I had enough of being shy and decided to change my outlook and behavior.( 大学三年级时，我受够了害羞，决定改变自己的观点和行为)”、倒数第二段“I began to feel comfortable talking to people.( 我开始觉得与人交谈很舒服)”以及最后一段“My former shyness is a fortune, as I can relate to people who feel uncomfortable when they talk to newspaper reporters.( 我以前的害羞是一种幸运，因为我能与那些在与报社记者交谈时感到不舒服的人相处)”可推理出本文只要讲的是作者克服害羞的经验与感受，故选D项。 二、七选五 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Circumnavigating the planet (环球旅行) and stopping off wherever you like is the final trip for many travelers. ___1___ Here is a guide to get you started. How to do it ___2___ Theoretically (理论上) any routing is possible, but knowing how the RTW booking system works will make your trip cheaper. For example, the Star Alliance (联盟) has 27 airlines which fly to 1,185 airports in 185 countries, and offers a RTW ticket with a maximum of 15 stops. But there are rules: you must follow one global direction and you must start and finish in the same country. When to go The weather will never be ideal in all of your stops. ___3___ If a Himalaya hike is your highlight, do not land in Nepal mid-monsoon (季风中) season; if you want to swim with whale sharks off the coast of Western Australia, be there between April and July. In general, city sightseeing can be done year-round but outdoor adventures are more reliant on — and enjoyable in — the right weather. ___4___ The classic (and cheapest) RTW tickets flit between a few big cities, for example, London — Bangkok — Singapore — Sydney — LA. If you want to link more offbeat (另类的) places, prices will climb considerably. The cost of the ticket is based on the total distance covered or the number of countries visited. ___5___ Your daily outgoings will be far higher in Europe and North America than in South-East Asia. Indonesia, Bolivia and India are particularly cheap. A. Where to go B. How long will you need C. So, focus on what you want to do most and research conditions there. D. You could travel around the world in a weekend if you flew non-stop. E. Also, if budget (预算) is an issue, spend more time in less expensive countries. F. But booking a round-the-world (RTW) trip can be a complex (复杂的) business. G. The most economical way is to buy a RTW air ticket that uses one airline alliance. 【答案】1. F 2. G 3. C 4. A 5.E 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章对如何预订环球旅行（RTW）提供了一些指南。 【1题详解】根据后文“Here is a guide to get you started.(这里有一个指南，让你开始。)”和“Theoretically (理论上), any routing is possible, but knowing how the RTW booking system works will make your trip cheaper.(理论上，任何路线都是可能的，但了解全球旅行预订系统的运作方式会让你的旅行更便宜。)”可知，此处是指预订环球旅行是件复杂性的事情，所以选项F“但预订环球旅行（RTW）可能是一件复杂的事情。”切合文意。故选F。 【2题详解】根据后文“Theoretically (理论上), any routing is possible, but knowing how the RTW booking system works will make your trip cheaper. For example, the Star Alliance (联盟) has 27 airlines which fly to 1,185 airports in 185 countries, and offers a RTW ticket with a maximum of 15 stops.(理论上，任何路线都是可能的，但了解全球旅行预订系统的运作方式会让你的旅行更便宜。例如，星空联盟拥有27家航空公司，飞往185个国家的1185个机场，并提供最多15站的全球套票。)”可知，此处是指购买一家航空公司联盟的环球旅行机票是最经济的，所以选项G“最经济的方法是购买一家航空公司联盟的环球旅行机票。”切合文意。故选G。 【3题详解】根据前文“The weather will never be ideal in all of your stops.(天气不可能在你的所有站点都是理想的。)”和后文“If a Himalaya hike is your highlight, do not land in Nepal mid-monsoon (季风中) season; if you want to swim with whale sharks off the coast of Western Australia, be there between April and July.(如果喜马拉雅山徒步旅行是你的亮点，不要在季风季节登陆尼泊尔；如果你想在西澳大利亚海岸和鲸鲨一起游泳，那就在4月到7月之间去。)”可知，此处是指要注意自己想去的地方的天气条件，所以选项C“所以，专注于你最想做的事情，研究那里的条件。”切合文意。故选C。 【4题详解】根据后文“The classic (and cheapest) RTW tickets flit between a few big cities, for example, London — Bangkok — Singapore — Sydney — LA. If you want to link more offbeat (另类的) places, prices will climb considerably. The cost of the ticket is based on the total distance covered or the number of countries visited.(经典的（也是最便宜的）环球套票在几个大城市之间飞行，例如，伦敦-曼谷-新加坡-悉尼-洛杉矶。如果你想连接更多不寻常的地方，价格将大幅攀升。机票的价格是根据旅行的总距离或访问的国家数量来决定的。)”可知，此处是指确定要去哪里来决定机票价格，所以选项A“去哪里”切合文意。故选A。 【5题详解】根据后文“Your daily outgoings will be far higher in Europe and North America than in South-East Asia. Indonesia, Bolivia and India are particularly cheap.(你在欧洲和北美的日常支出将远远高于东南亚。印尼、玻利维亚和印度尤其便宜。)”可知，此处是指如果预算有限就多在花费较少的地方旅行，所以选项E“此外，如果预算是个问题，那就在消费较低的国家多呆些时间。”切合文意。故选E。 三、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。 In recent months, the China Grand Canal Museum in Yangzhou, which exhibits the history and culture of the Grand Canal, 1 (attract) a great number of visitors. Each day, the museum provides 15, 000 tickets 2 visitors to book in advance. They usually sell out on weekends, making the museum 3 popular landmark in East China. It takes only 20 minutes 4 (get) to the museum by taxi from the Yangzhoudong Railway Station. “My passion 5 (arouse) by those passengers, so I took my children to the museum too. I never knew why it had such great charm 6 I got there.” The museum 7 appearance resembles a giant ship, covers 80,000 square meters and houses exhibition halls. While telling its story, the museum puts an 8 (emphasize) on improving visitors’ experience. Young people can take part in a live-action role-play game designed by the museum, transporting them back to the Ming Dynasty, and 9 (immerse) them in an amazing world. “It is 10 (true) a very meaningful experience,” said a visitor surnamed Chen. 【答案】1.has attracted    2.for     3.a    4.to get     5. was aroused   6.until   7.whose   8. emphasis     9. immersing    10.truly 【解析】 【1题详解】 考查谓语。句意：近几个月来，位于扬州的中国大运河博物馆，展示了大运河的历史和文化，吸引了大量的游客。分析句子可知，attract作谓语，主语是“the China Grand Canal Museum”，是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数，由时间状语in recent months可知，用现在完成时，故填has attracted。 【2题详解】 考查介词。句意：该博物馆每天为游客提供15,000张门票，供游客提前预订。provide sth. for sb.“提供某物给某人”是固定短语，根据句意，故填for。 【3题详解】 考查冠词。句意：他们通常在周末卖光，使博物馆成为中国东部的热门地标。landmark“地标，里程碑”是可数名词，此处泛指“一个受欢迎的地标”，故填a。 【4题详解】 考查非谓语。句意：从扬州东火车站乘出租车到博物馆只需20分钟。此处考查It takes some time to do sth.“做某事需要多长时间”，是固定句型，it是形式主语，不定式短语作真正的主语，故填to get。 【5题详解】 考查谓语。句意：那些乘客激起了我的热情，所以我也带着我的孩子们去了博物馆。分析句子可知，arouse是谓语动词，与主语my passion是被动关系，根据下文的took可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，主语my passion是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数，故填was aroused。 【6题详解】 考查连词。句意：直到我到达那里，我才知道它为什么有如此大的魅力。分析句子可知，两个句子之间需要连词连接，根据句意，not…until…“直到……才……”符合句意，用until引导时间状语从句，故填until。 【7题详解】 考查连词。句意：这个博物馆，它的外观像一艘巨轮，占地8万平方米，有14个展厅。分析句子可知，“   7    appearance resembles a giant ship”是定语从句，与The museum构成所属关系，从句中作定语，引导非限制性定语从句用关系代词whose，故填whose。 【8题详解】 考查词性转换。句意：在讲述故事的同时，博物馆强调改善游客的体验。不定冠词修饰单数可数名词，作动词put的宾语，故填emphasis。 【9题详解】 考查非谓语。句意：年轻人可以参加由博物馆设计的真人角色扮演游戏，将他们送回明朝，并沉浸在一个神奇的世界中。分析句子可知，and连接“transporting them back to the Ming Dynasty”和“ (immerse) them in an amazing world”作状语，根据句意，此处表示意料之中的结果，用动词的-ing形式作结果状语，故填immersing。 【10题详解】 考查词性转换。句意：这确实是一次非常有意义的经历。修饰动词is用副词作状语，故填truly。 一、阅读理解 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A （2024新课标II卷）We all know fresh is best when it comes to food. However, most produce at the store went through weeks of travel and covered hundreds of miles before reaching the table. While farmer’s markets are a solid choice to reduce the journey, Babylon Micro-Farm (BMF) shortens it even more. BMF is an indoor garden system. It can be set up for a family. Additionally, it could serve a larger audience such as a hospital, restaurant or school. The innovative design requires little effort to achieve a reliable weekly supply of fresh greens. Specifically, it’s a farm that relies on new technology. By connecting through the Cloud, BMF is remotely monitored. Also, there is a convenient app that provides growing data in real time. Because the system is automated, it significantly reduces the amount of water needed to grow plants. Rather than watering rows of soil, the system provides just the right amount to each plant. After harvest, users simply replace the plants with a new pre-seeded pod (容器) to get the next growth cycle started. Moreover, having a system in the same building where it’s eaten means zero emissions (排放) from transporting plants from soil to salad. In addition, there’s no need for pesticides and other chemicals that pollute traditional farms and the surrounding environment. BMF employees live out sustainability in their everyday lives. About half of them walk or bike to work. Inside the office, they encourage recycling and waste reduction by limiting garbage cans and avoiding single-use plastic. “We are passionate about reducing waste, carbon and chemicals in our environment,” said a BMF employee. 1. What can be learned about BMF from paragraph 1? A. It guarantees the variety of food. B. It requires day-to-day care. C. It cuts the farm-to-table distance. D. It relies on farmer’s markets. 2. What information does the convenient app offer? A. Real-time weather changes. B. Current condition of the plants. C. Chemical pollutants in the soil. D. Availability of pre-seeded pods. 3. What can be concluded about BMF employees? A. They have a great passion for sports. B. They are devoted to community service. C. They are fond of sharing daily experiences. D. They have a strong environmental awareness. 4. What does the text mainly talk about? A. BMF’s major strengths. B. BMF’s general management. C. BMF’s global influence. D. BMF’s technical standards. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D 4. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了巴比伦微农场（BMF）的一些主要优势，包括减少食物运输距离、通过云技术远程监控、自动化系统节约水资源、减少化学污染、以及员工的环保生活方式等。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“While farmer’s markets are a solid choice to reduce the journey, Babylon Micro-Farm (BMF) shortens it even more. (虽然农贸市场是减少旅程的可靠选择，但巴比伦微型农场（BMF）甚至缩短了旅程)”可知，巴比伦微型农场（BMF）进一步缩短了从农场到餐桌的距离。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Also, there is a convenient app that provides growing data in real time. (此外，还有一个便捷的应用程序，可以实时提供增长数据)”可知，这个便捷的应用程序提供了植物生长的实时数据。故选B。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“BMF employees live out sustainability in their everyday lives. About half of them walk or bike to work. Inside the office, they encourage recycling and waste reduction by limiting garbage cans and avoiding single-use plastic. “We are passionate about reducing waste, carbon and chemicals in our environment,” said a BMF employee. (BMF员工在日常生活中追求可持续发展。大约一半的人步行或骑自行车上班。在办公室里，他们通过限制垃圾桶和避免一次性塑料来鼓励回收和减少浪费。BMF的一名员工表示：“我们热衷于减少环境中的废物、碳和化学品。”)”可知，BMF员工具有强烈的环保意识。故选D。 【4题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“While farmer’s markets are a solid choice to reduce the journey, Babylon Micro-Farm (BMF) shortens it even more. (虽然农贸市场是减少旅程的可靠选择，但巴比伦微型农场（BMF）甚至缩短了旅程)”、第三段“By connecting through the Cloud, BMF is remotely monitored. Also, there is a convenient app that provides growing data in real time. Because the system is automated, it significantly reduces the amount of water needed to grow plants. Rather than watering rows of soil, the system provides just the right amount to each plant. (通过云连接，对BMF进行远程监控。此外，还有一个方便的应用程序可以实时提供不断增长的数据。由于该系统是自动化的，因此大大减少了种植植物所需的水量。该系统不是给一排排土壤浇水，而是为每株植物提供合适的水量)”以及最后一段“BMF employees live out sustainability in their everyday lives. About half of them walk or bike to work. Inside the office, they encourage recycling and waste reduction by limiting garbage cans and avoiding single-use plastic. “We are passionate about reducing waste, carbon and chemicals in our environment,” said a BMF employee. (BMF员工在日常生活中追求可持续发展。大约一半的人步行或骑自行车上班。在办公室里，他们通过限制垃圾桶和避免一次性塑料来鼓励回收和减少浪费。BMF的一名员工表示：“我们热衷于减少环境中的废物、碳和化学品。”)”可知，文章主要介绍了巴比伦微农场（BMF）的一些主要优势，包括减少食物运输距离、通过云技术远程监控、自动化系统节约水资源、减少化学污染、以及员工的环保生活方式等。故选A。 B （2024新课标II卷）Given the astonishing potential of AI to transform our lives, we all need to take action to deal with our AI-powered future, and this is where AI by Design: A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence comes in. This absorbing new book by Catriona Campbell is a practical roadmap addressing the challenges posed by the forthcoming AI revolution (变革). In the wrong hands, such a book could prove as complicated to process as the computer code (代码) that powers AI but, thankfully, Campbell has more than two decades’ professional experience translating the heady into the understandable. She writes from the practical angle of a business person rather than as an academic, making for a guide which is highly accessible and informative and which, by the close, will make you feel almost as smart as AI. As we soon come to learn from AI by Design, AI is already super-smart and will become more capable, moving from the current generation of “narrow-AI” to Artificial General Intelligence. From there, Campbell says, will come Artificial Dominant Intelligence. This is why Campbell has set out to raise awareness of AI and its future now — several decades before these developments are expected to take place. She says it is essential that we keep control of artificial intelligence, or risk being sidelined and perhaps even worse. Campbell’s point is to wake up those responsible for AI—the technology companies and world leaders—so they are on the same page as all the experts currently developing it. She explains we are at a “tipping point” in history and must act now to prevent an extinction-level event for humanity. We need to consider how we want our future with AI to pan out. Such structured thinking, followed by global regulation, will enable us to achieve greatness rather than our downfall. AI will affect us all, and if you only read one book on the subject, this is it. 5. What does the phrase “In the wrong hands” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A. If read by someone poorly educated. B. If reviewed by someone ill-intentioned. C. If written by someone less competent. D. If translated by someone unacademic. 6. What is a feature of AI by Design according to the text? A. It is packed with complex codes. B. It adopts a down-to-earth writing style. C. It provides step-by-step instructions. D. It is intended for AI professionals. 7. What does Campbell urge people to do regarding AI development? A. Observe existing regulations on it. B. Reconsider expert opinions about it. C. Make joint efforts to keep it under control. D. Learn from prior experience to slow it down. 8. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A. To recommend a book on AI. B. To give a brief account of AI history. C. To clarify the definition of AI. D. To honor an outstanding AI expert. 【答案】5. C 6. B 7. C 8. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Catriona Campbell所著AI by Design: A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence一书。该书作为应对AI革命挑战的实用指南，以商业视角阐述AI发展现状与前景，强调控制AI的重要性，呼吁各界协同确保人工智能安全发展，以防潜在危机。 【5题详解】 词句猜测题。根据文章第二段“such a book could prove as complicated to process as the computer code (代码) that powers AI but, thankfully, Campbell has more than two decades' professional experience translating the heady into the understandable. She writes from the practical angle of a business person rather than as an academic, making for a guide which is highly accessible and informative and which, by the close, will make you feel almost as smart as AI. (这样一本书可能会像驱动人工智能的计算机代码一样复杂，但值得庆幸的是，坎贝尔有20多年的专业经验，可以将令人兴奋的内容转化为可理解的内容。她从商业人士的实际角度而不是学者的角度出发，撰写了一本非常通俗易懂、内容丰富的指南，读完后会让你觉得自己几乎和人工智能一样聪明)”可知，坎贝尔撰写的这本书是通俗易懂的，如果别人写这本书的话可能就不是这样了，推测划线短语表示 “如果是由能力较差的人写的”。故选C项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“thankfully, Campbell has more than two decades’ professional experience translating the heady into the understandable. She writes from the practical angle of a business person rather than as an academic, making for a guide which is highly accessible and informative and which, by the close, will make you feel almost as smart as AI.(值得庆幸的是，坎贝尔有20多年的专业经验，可以将令人兴奋的内容转化为可理解的内容。她从商业人士的实际角度而不是学者的角度出发，撰写了一本非常通俗易懂、内容丰富的指南，读完后会让你觉得自己几乎和人工智能一样聪明)”可知，坎贝尔在书中将令人兴奋的内容转化为可理解的内容，这本书的特点是通俗易懂，推测它采用了接地气的写作风格。故选B项。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第三段“She says it is essential that we keep control of artificial intelligence, or risk being sidelined and perhaps even worse. (她说，我们必须保持对人工智能的控制，否则就有被边缘化甚至更糟的风险)”和文章倒数第二段“We need to consider how we want our future with AI to pan out. Such structured thinking, followed by global regulation, will enable us to achieve greatness rather than our downfall. (我们需要考虑我们希望人工智能的未来如何发展。这种结构化的思维，加上全球监管，将使我们走向伟大，而不是走向衰败)”可知，坎贝尔敦促人们保持对人工智能的控制，考虑人工智能的未来应如何发展，所以关于人工智能的发展，坎贝尔敦促人们共同努力将其控制住。故选C项。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Given the astonishing potential of AI to transform our lives, we all need to take action to deal with our AI-powered future, and this is where AI by Design: A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence comes in. This absorbing new book by Catriona Campbell is a practical roadmap addressing the challenges posed by the forthcoming AI revolution (变革). (考虑到人工智能改变我们生活的惊人潜力，我们都需要采取行动来应对人工智能驱动的未来，这正是AI by Design: A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence的用武之地。卡特里奥娜·坎贝尔撰写的这本引人入胜的新书是一本实用的路线图，旨在应对即将到来的人工智能革命带来的挑战)”和文章最后一段“AI will affect us all, and if you only read one book on the subject, this is it. (人工智能将影响我们所有人，如果你只读一本关于这个主题的书，那就是这本书)”可知，本文主要介绍了Catriona Campbell所著AI by Design: A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence一书，该书作为应对AI革命挑战的实用指南，以商业视角阐述AI发展现状与前景，强调控制AI的重要性，呼吁各界协同确保人工智能安全发展，以防潜在危机，所以作者写这篇文章的目的是推荐一本关于人工智能的书。故选A项。 二、七选五 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Overtourism Is For Real: How Can You Help? （2024新课标II卷）Travel promotes understanding, expands our minds, makes us better people, and boosts local economies and communities, but the rapid growth of travel has led to overtourism in certain regions and destinations. ___1___ Certainly not. The loss of what travel offers would be unacceptable in today’s world. Here are some tips on making wise decisions to minimize pressure on the places we visit and improve our experience. ●Choose mindfully. Overvisited destinations are that way for a reason: they’re special. With so many online posts featuring the same places, it’s easy to feel like you’re missing out. Go somewhere only when the landscape, culture or food deeply draws you. ___2___ ●Get creative. The best way to ease pressure on over-touristed destinations is to go somewhere else. Though overtourism is described as a problem affecting the entire world, it’s actually concentrated to a small number of extremely popular spots. That means you have tons of less-visited options to choose from. ___3___ Why not try a regional alternative or check out a popular destination’s lesser-known sights? ●___4___ Minimize impact and maximize experience by skipping major holidays or rush hour. You’ll compete with fewer tourists, save money, experience a different side of a popular place, and boost the economy when tourism is traditionally slower. Visiting a place that others call home is a privilege (荣幸). Do your part to preserve what makes a destination special in the first place. ___5___ You may be amazed how much closer you’ll feel to the people there. A. Visit during off-peak times. B. So, should we stop traveling? C. Travel for you and no one else. D. Can overtourism be avoided then? E. You can still find relatively undiscovered places. F. You’ll find yourself virtually alone, or close to it. G. Consider giving back to the communities you’re visiting. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. E 4. A 5. G 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了如何避免“过度旅游”的现象。 【1题详解】 前文“Travel promotes understanding, expands our minds, makes us better people, and boosts local economies and communities, but the rapid growth of travel has led to overtourism in certain regions and destinations.(旅游促进理解，扩展我们的思想，使我们成为更好的人，促进当地经济和社区，但旅游业的快速发展导致了某些地区和目的地的过度旅游)”表明旅游带来了一些问题，后文“The loss of what travel offers would be unacceptable in today’s world.(在当今世界，失去旅行所能提供的东西将是不可接受的)”表示不能失去旅行，结合后文“Certainly not.(当然不)”可知，空处提问能否停止旅行，D选项“那么，我们应该停止旅行吗？”符合语境。故选B。 【2题详解】 前文“Overvisited destinations are that way for a reason: they’re special. With so many online posts featuring the same places, it’s easy to feel like you’re missing out. Go somewhere only when the landscape, culture or food deeply draws you.(游客过多的目的地是有原因的：它们很特别。网上有这么多关于同一个地方的帖子，很容易让你觉得你错过了。只有当风景、文化或食物深深吸引你时，才去某个地方)”表明不要跟风旅游，C选项“为你而不是其他人旅行”表明要关注自己在旅行时的感受，忠实自己的感受，不用管其余的建议，符合语境。故选C。 【3题详解】 前文“That means you have tons of less-visited options to choose from.(这意味着你有很多不太受欢迎的选择)及后文“Why not try a regional alternative or check out a popular destination’s lesser-known sights?( 为什么不尝试一个地区性的选择，或者看看一个热门目的地不太为人所知的景点呢)”提出建议，可以选择一些冷门的景点，E选项“你仍然可以找到相对未被发现的地方”符合语境。故选E。 【4题详解】 空处为小标题，根据后文“Minimize impact and maximize experience by skipping major holidays or rush hour.(通过跳过重大节假日或高峰时间来最小化影响并最大化体验)”表示旅游时要注意避开高峰期，选择合适的时间，A选项“在非高峰时间参观”概括本段内容。故选A。 【5题详解】 前文“Do your part to preserve what makes a destination special in the first place.(尽你的一份力，从一开始就保护一个目的地的特别之处)表明旅游时应保护旅游景点，后文“You may be amazed how much closer you’ll feel to the people there.(你可能会惊讶地发现你和那里的人感觉如此亲近)”表示这样做的感受，G选项“考虑回馈你所访问的社区”承上启下，符合语境。故选G。 三、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。 （2024新课标II卷）Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu, ___1___ is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia,” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare’s hometown. Tang and Shakespeare were contemporaries and both died in 1616. Although they could never have met, there are common ___2___ (theme) in their works, said Paul Edmondson, head of research for the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust. “Some of the things that Tang was writing about ___3___ (be) also Shakespeare’s concerns. I happen to know that Tang’s play The Peony Pavilion (《牡丹亭》) is similar in some ways ___4___ Romeo and Juliet.” A statue commemorating Shakespeare and Tang was put up at Shakespeare’s Birthplace Garden in 2017. Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, ___5___ (inspire)by The Peony Pavilion, ___6___ (build)at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace. Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international ___7___ (visible), said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed ___8___ (find)the connection between the two great writers. ___9___ (recall)watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare’s play Richard III in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion, Edmondson said, “It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language ____10____ see how Tang’s play was being performed.” 【答案】1. who 2. themes 3. were 4. to 5. inspired 6. was built 7. visibility 8. to find 9. Recalling 10. and 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国明代戏曲家汤显祖与英国戏剧家莎士比亚之间的联系和共同点，并展示了这种联系如何被纪念和展示在莎士比亚的故乡斯特拉特福德，且说明了这种联系对于提高斯特拉特福德国际知名度的重要性。 【1题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：为了纪念被誉为“亚洲莎士比亚”的汤显祖，中国文化元素为莎士比亚的故乡——埃文河畔的斯特拉特福增添了国际化的色彩。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“Tang Xianzu”，在非限制性定语从句中担当主语，表示人，用关系代词who引导。故填who。 【2题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：莎士比亚故居信托基金会的研究主管Paul Edmondson说，尽管他们从未见过面，但他们的作品中都有共同的主题。本句为“there be”句型，为倒装句，根据谓语动词“are”可判断，本句主语为名词的复数形式。故填themes。 【3题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：“汤显祖所写的一些内容也是莎士比亚所关心的。我碰巧知道汤显祖的戏剧《牡丹亭》在某些方面与《罗密欧与朱丽叶》相似。”这里为本句谓语动词，根据句意以及定语从句时态可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语为“some of the things”，复数。故填were。 【4题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：“汤显祖所写的一些内容也是莎士比亚所关心的。我碰巧知道汤显祖的戏剧《牡丹亭》在某些方面与《罗密欧与朱丽叶》相似。”固定短语：be similar to，意为“和……相似”，符合句意。故填to。 【5题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：两年后，一座六米高的亭子在菲斯花园落成，该花园距离莎士比亚故居仅十分钟步行路程，其灵感来自《牡丹亭》。非谓语动词担当后置定语，被修饰词“a six-meter-tall pavilion”和动词“inspire”之间为被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填inspired。 【6题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：两年后，一座六米高的亭子在菲斯花园落成，该花园距离莎士比亚故居仅十分钟步行路程，其灵感来自《牡丹亭》。这里为本句谓语动词，根据时间状语“Two years later”可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语为“a six-meter-tall pavilion”，单数，和动词“build”之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was built。 【7题详解】 考查名词。句意：Edmondson说，这些文化元素提高了斯特拉特福德的国际知名度，并补充说，游客们穿过故居花园时，常常惊讶于这两位伟大作家之间的联系。形容词international后接名词形式，visibility“知名度”为不可数名词作宾语。故填visibility。 【8题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：Edmondson说，这些文化元素提高了斯特拉特福德的国际知名度，并补充说，游客们穿过故居花园时，常常惊讶于这两位伟大作家之间的联系。非谓语动词担当形容词“amazed”后的原因状语，用动词不定式形式。故填to find。 【9题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：回忆起几年前在上海观看莎士比亚戏剧《理查三世》的中国版，并遇见前来斯特拉特福德表演《牡丹亭》部分片段的中国演员时，Edmondson说：“听到中文，看到汤显祖的戏剧是如何被表演的，非常激动人心。”非谓语动词担当状语，主语“Edmondson”和动词“recall”之间为主动关系，用现在分词形式担当状语；出现在句首，首字母大写。故填Recalling。 【10题详解】 考查连词。句意：回忆起几年前在上海观看莎士比亚戏剧《理查三世》的中国版，并遇见前来斯特拉特福德表演《牡丹亭》部分片段的中国演员时，Edmondson说：“听到中文，看到汤显祖的戏剧是如何被表演的，非常激动人心。”空前“hear the Chinese language”和空后“see how Tang’s play was being performed”为并列结构，用and连接。故填and。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！34 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$