2024年山东省中职英语二轮专项复习-形容词副词课件

形容词和副词 语法专题系列-形容词和副词 形容词和副词 语法图解 形容词 句法功能 加前后缀构成的形容词 比较级、最高级 副词 句法功能 形容词变副词的规则 比较级、最高级 2 形容词和副词 语法图解 形容词 句法功能 加前后缀构成 的形容词 比较级、最高级 作定语： ① This is an interesting book. ②She is a clever girl. I have something important to tell you. 作表语： ① The chicken tastes delicious ② Our classroom is clean and bright. 3.The leaves turn green in spring. 作宾补： ①Don't make your hands dirty. ② We must keep the classroom clean. 3 1、形容词要放在不定代词之后. Is there anything interesting in today’s newspaper ? Attention 2、常见的系动词有： be , become, get, grow, turn, go, fall,(变化类), keep, remain, stay(保持类), look, sound, feel, taste, smell,(连系动词) seem, 似乎 It began to grow dark. We need to take exercise to stay healthy. The food smelt terrible. The teacher seems angry. 3.常见的跟宾语补足语的动词有：keep, leave, make, find, feel…… Keep your room clean every day. He feels it great to help others. We find it important to learn English well. 4.只能作定语；only, elder,real, 5-year-old ,two-day 5. 只做表语：ill,glad,sure, alone, asleep, awake… 容易混淆的形容词： 1. alone和lonely The old man likes to be ________ in the garden. The _______old man keeps a dog as a pet. 2. ill和sick The nurse looked after the _______ lady day and night. She has been ________ for several days. alone lonely (单独的) (寂寞的，孤单的) sick ill （有病的） （作表语） （作表语或定语） 容易混淆的形容词： 3. alive和living (活着的，有生命的) Is his grandfather _________ in the world? English is a ________ language. alive living 4. sleepy和asleep Her baby is fast ________ in the room. After a long walk, he felt _________. asleep sleepy （睡着的） （困倦的） （作表语） （作表语或定语） 语法图解 形容词 句法功能 加前后缀构成 的形容词 比较级、最高级 构成法 原级 比较级 最高级 一般单音节词未尾加-er,-est short high shorter higher shortest greatest 以不发音的e结尾的单音词和少数以- le结尾的双音节词只加-r,-st nice；large able nicer；larger abler nicest；largest ablest 以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节单音节词，双写结尾辅音字母，再加-er，-est big hot fat bigger hotter fatter biggest hottest fattest "以辅音字母+y"结尾的双音节词，改y为i，再加-er，-est easy busy early( easier busier earlier easiest busiest earliest 少数以-er，-ow结尾的双音节词未尾加-er，-est clever narrow cleverer narrower cleverest narrowest 其他双音节词和多音节词，在前面加more，most来构成比较级和最高级。 important beautiful more important more beautiful most important most beautiful 2. 不规则变化： 口诀助记：两多，两好，两坏病，一老，一少， 远距离。 8 语法图解 形容词 句法功能 加前后缀构成 的形容词 比较级、最高级 加前缀 un，im表反义 如unhappy, impolite 加后缀 n.＋able→adj. 具有……特点的 如valuable（有价值的），reasonable（ 有道理的），comfortable（舒适的) 加后缀 -ern 表示“....方位的” 有eastern, southern, western, northern等 加后缀 -ful ，表示“充满……的”、“有……性质的如 beautiful, colourful, helpful, powerful, successful, useful, wonderful。 　 加后缀 -ly ， 加在名词之后构成形容词 如 friendly, lively, lovely, lonely, sisterly 9 1.双写的形容词 大 湿 红 热 胖 瘦 合适 big wet red hot fat thin fit 2. 特殊变化的单音节词 tired—more tired often– more often fun– more fun （ funny– funnier ） 3.friendly –more/most friendly friendlier/friendliest clever – cleverer more clever 特殊记 形容词和副词 语法图解 副词 句法功能 形容词变副词规则 比较级、最高级 作定语 The boy there is my friend.(位于所给词后） 作表语 Tom is not in now 作状语 He often goes to school late.(修饰动词） You are quite right.(修饰形容词) Don't walk too fast.(修饰副词） Luckily，I pass the exam.(修饰全句) 规则变化（同形容词） 直接加-ly, useful-usefully quiet-quietly quick-quickly 辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i+ly, easy-easily, happy-happily. 元音字母+e,去e加y, true-truly le结尾去e+y, terrible-terribly, simple-simply possible-possibly 17 词语 用法 例子 1 too / also / as well (1)都表示 “ 也”，用于肯定句 (2) also用于句中；too，as well 用于句末 ①She can dance, and I can dance, _____ . = She can dance, and I can dance ______ . ②I _____ know about it. It’s not a secret. ③I haven’t read the book and my brother hasn’t, _____ . either (1)表示“也不”，用于否定句 (2)用于句末 as well also either 易混词辨析 too 词语 用法 例子 2 quite 修饰形容词时,要放在a或an之前，意为 “相当” This is quite a nice garden. This is a very nice garden. very 修饰形容词时，一般放在a或an之后，意为“非常；很” 3 close (1)作形容词，意为“亲密的” (2)作副词，意思是“近” I have a few close friends in my class. He is sitting close to me. Watch the tree closely. closely 副词，意思是“仔细地” 词语 用法 例子 4 good 作形容词，意为“好” ①His Chinese is very _____. ②He speaks Chinese very _____. ③He is not feeling _____ today. well (1)作副词，意为“好” (2)作形容词，意为“身体好” 5 sometimes 意为“ 有时” I sometimes hear from him. Let’s go out sometime next week. He has lived here for some time. sometime 意为“某个时候” some time 意为“一段时间” good well well 词语 用法 例子 6 late ① 形容词，意为“迟；迟的；晚的” ② 副词，意为“晚，迟。 He is never late for school. The train was 10 minutes late. lately 副词，意为“最近；近来” (＝recently)，通常用于现在完成时态 Have you seen him lately? 词语 用法 例子 7 hard (1)作形容词，意为 “困难的；硬的” (2)作副词，意为“努力地；（下雨、下雪等）猛烈地” ①It is _____ (困难的) to understand what he says. ②He studies _____(努力地) every day. ③I could _____ (几乎不) believe it. hardly 作副词,意为“几乎不”，属于否定词 hard hard hardly 【考点一】形容词和副词辨析 1.（2019 •江西省）Peter spoke so ____ that I could hardly hear him. A. loudly B. quietly C. clearly D. patiently2.（2019.襄阳) --- It’s a good way to study English with a group. ---That’s true . I find it ____ to improve our pronunciation. A. Thankful B. harmful C. helpful D.careful 3. (2019山西)--- What do you think of working as a doctor? ----- It’s a good job to help people keep _____. A. Busy B. generous C. strict D. healthy 4. There was a car accident on Xin Hua Road yesterday. _____，nobody was hurt.(2018•新疆) A．Lucky　 B．Luckily C．Unlucky D．Unluckily B C D B 【考点二】形容词和副词比较级最高级辨析 1.(2018.长春) --- Hi,Jane ! I’ll go to Shijiazhuang next month. ---- Great! The glass bridge there is _____ than any other one in the world. A. long B. longer C. longest D. the longest 2.（2019.新疆) The _____ we do for other people, the _____ we will be. A. Much ; happier B. more ; happy C. more; happier D.most; happiest 3.(2019. 遂宁 ) Shanghai is one of ______ in the world. A. The biggest cities B. biggest cities C. the biggest city D. bigger cities B C A ◆原级句型 结构 示例 as＋形容词/副词原级＋as 否定：not so/as＋形容词/副词原级＋as This book is almost/nearly as thick as that one.这本书几乎同那本一样厚。 具体数字(如倍数)＋as＋形容词/副词原级＋as The city is twice as big as my hometown.这座城市是我的家乡的两倍大。 ◆比较级句型 结构 示例 形容词/副词比较级＋than She usually gets up earlier than others.她通常比别人起得早。 具体数字(如倍数)＋比较级＋than This city is three times larger than that one.这座城市比那座城市大三倍。 比较级＋and＋比较级 表示“越来越……” Our country is becoming more and more beautiful.我们的国家变得越来越美了。 the＋比较级，the＋比较级 表示“越……，越……” The more money he gets，the more he wants.他得到的钱越多，他想要的也越多。 the＋比较级＋of the two＋名词复数，表示“……是两者中较……的” Wang Fei is the taller one of the two brothers.王飞是他们兄弟两人中较高的那个。 ◆最高级句型 结构 示例 the＋形容词/副词最高级＋介词短语(比较范围) He is the tallest boy in our class.他是我们班里最高的男孩。 one of the＋形容词/副词最高级＋复数名词＋介词短语，表示 “……是最……之一” Miss Li is one of the most popular teachers in our school. 李老师是我们学校最受欢迎的老师之一。 the＋序数词＋形容词/副词最高级＋介词短语，表示“……是第……最……的” The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.黄河是中国第二长河。 $$