专题04 阅读理解（二）20篇【考题猜想】-2024-2025学年高一英语上学期期末考点大串讲（人教版2019）

专题04 阅读理解（二）20篇 Passage 01 （24-25高一上·山东烟台·期中）Orcas, also known as killer whales, are the largest members of the dolphin family. They hunt in schools of up to 40 individuals and are famous for their group attack on sea creatures. But orcas seldom attack humans. However, since 2020, groups of orcas have struck about 700 boats off the coasts of Spain, Portugal, France and Morocco. They have damaged (损坏) at least seven boats. Experts now believe what the orcas did is the result of bored teenage orcas having fun. After observing fifteen young orcas, a research team, led by Alex Zerbini, found that the orcas approached the boats slowly. Once close, they appeared to simply want to nudge their noses or heads against the rudder (船舵). Given that these young orcas measure between 2.7 and 4.2 meters in length, just a gentle touch was enough to damage the rudders and even the boats. “As they play with the rudder, they don’t understand that they can damage the rudder and will affect human beings. It’s more playful than purposeful,” one researcher said. The researchers thought the teenage orcas’ boredom results from the increase in the population of their primary food source — the bluefin tuna. With plenty of food, they have a lot more time on their hands. They guessed the action may have been started by a curious individual attracted to the moving boat and may have inspired the others to do the same. Zerbini and his team give some suggestions about being far away from orcas when possible. While people are in the areas where orcas often appear, try to reduce the speed of the boats. Making banging sounds around the boat may keep the whales away. They also suggest boat owners replace the smooth rudder surface with special materials. This will make the boats less fun to “play” with. “We don’t want to see more boats being damaged, and we don’t want to see people in trouble,” Zerbini said. “But we also don’t want to see orcas and other animals being hurt. We have to remember that this is their home, and we’re in the way.” 1．What does the text focus on about orcas? A．Their unusual behavior. B．Their feeding habit. C．Their high intelligence. D．Their quick reaction. 2．Why do orcas strike the boats according to the research? A．To search for food. B．To seek pleasure. C．To try to communicate. D．To practice hunting skills. 3．What does paragraph 5 mainly tell us? A．How to find orcas’ tracks. B．How to draw orcas to the rudder. C．How to tell the sounds from orcas. D．How to avoid encounters with orcas. 4．What do we know from Zerbini’s words? A．We should live at peace with animals. B．We should build more high-quality boats. C．People face challenges in developing fishery. D．People have perfected creatures’ living environment. Passage 02 （24-25高一上·湖北孝感·期中）Give fishermen a string, and they can use it to catch fish, but give it to young men from Huotong Town and they can make a lion fly. Indeed, many children growing up in the town in Ningde City, Fujian Province, might be under the impression that lions can actually fly, as they come into contact with the popular string lion dance at an early age. From a distance, bamboo lions with colorful long hair could be seen high above a small wooden stage in Xingxian Village in mid-March, each seeming to have a life of their own. Closer up, it was possible to see that they were linked by what looked like countless long strings that were being operated by a team of young people behind the stage. The young people made every effort during the show, sometimes using their weight to pull the strings, and other times jumping up and down to control the strings to make the lions do various fancy actions, ranging from rolling, jumping, to running one after another, and fighting for a ball. Applause broke out from the crowd as the lions came to rest, and a group of young boys stepped out from behind the curtain. “This is my happiest moment, getting recognition from the audience,” says Chen Jihong, 24, who leads the team of around 30 members aged between 13 and 24. Like other children in the region, Chen was first fascinated by the dance as a child when his mother took him to watch a lantern show on the day of longtaitou, or Dragon Head Raising Day. He remembers how the crowd suddenly became excited and cheered for the string lions to come out. Curiously, he pushed through the crowd to get a closer view as the lifelike lions came into sight. Huang Zhenqiao, a senior inheritor of the tradition that was named a national intangible (非物质的) cultural heritage in 2006, says that the string lion dance dates back about 1,300 years and is one of the most attractive shows at the local lantern show on that day. 5．Why does the writer mention “fishermen” at the beginning? A．To introduce the topic. B．To add something fun. C．To compare two skills. D．To explain the background. 6．What can we learn from Paragraph 3? A．What the lions looked like. B．How the lion dance was performed. C．What influence the dance had. D．How strong the young people were. 7．Which of the following has most probably inspired Chen Jihong to be a lion dancer? A．His childhood memories. B．The team influence. C．His family background. D．The school education. 8．What does the underlined word “inheritor” probably mean in the last paragraph? A．A person who has a gift for mathematics. B．A person who is to pass down a tradition. C．A person who prefers to get rid of old things. D．A person who studies the history of a country. Passage 03 （24-25高一上·浙江·期中）Standing on the ruins after the fire where his house had been, Peter Ruprecht recognized that he was not sure how or when to rebuild. He was still shocked by what Australia’s increasingly changeable climate had already delivered: first a drought, then a destructive bush fire, then a foot of rain from a storm. “It’s unstoppable,” said Mr. Ruprecht, a former dairy farmer. “We speak about the warmth of Mother Nature, but nature can also be vicious and wild and unforgiving.” Australia’ s hellish (地狱的) fire season has come to an end, but its people are facing more than a single disaster. With floods destroying homes not far from where fires recently spread, they are facing a cycle of what scientists call “compound extremes”: one climate disaster strengthening the next. Warmer temperatures do more than just dry out the land. They also heat up the atmosphere, which means clouds hold more moisture (水汽) for longer periods of time. So droughts get worse, giving way to fires, then to heavy rains that the land is too dry to take in. Many Australians in disaster areas complain that their government, after paying little attention to climate change for years, has not yet to draw up recovery plans that are clear and that take future risks into consideration. At the same time, the economic costs of a changing climate are rising quickly. Philip Lowe, the governor of the Reserve Bank of Australia, warned recently that Australia was already paying a price, and that it would only go up. 9．Peter Ruprecht is mentioned in the beginning to ______. A．to arouse readers’ pity B．to introduce the topic C．to stress the problem D．to call on readers to help 10．Which word can replace the underlined word “vicious” in Paragraph 2? A．Graceful. B．Balanced. C．Responsible. D．Cruel. 11．What is the main cause of “compound extremes” in Australia? A．Government inaction. B．Warmer temperature. C．The shortage of money. D．No recovery plans. 12．Where is the text probably from? A．A guidebook. B．A travel journal. C．A news report. D．A book review. Passage 04 （24-25高一上·北京西城·期中）Terry Fox never thought he’d live a remarkable life. He liked sports, but no one thought he was talented. During his first year in the university, he had a pain in his right knee, which was so bad that he couldn’t stand up. He went to the doctor for tests. They showed that he had cancer. He was going to lose his leg and be given an artificial one. Terry’s family and friends all gave him fantastic support. Terry said that he knew all those people really cared and helped him. He decided to face it with bravery. One night Terry was looking through an article about Dick Traum, who also had an artificial leg and had run in the New York Marathon. “If he can do it,” thought Terry, “I can, too. In fact, I’ll run across Canada and raise money for cancer research. It will be a Marathon of Hope!” For the next 16 months, Terry had special treatments for his cancer. And then he also began to run a little every day. Each day he ran a little farther. It is 5, 300 miles across Canada. Terry hoped to run thirty to forty miles a day so that it would take him six months. Most of all, he hoped to raise $1 million for cancer research. Because Terry had an artificial leg, running wasn’t easy or straightforward. He had to move by jumping on one foot twice and then take a long step with his real leg. Although it looked awkward, he still kept on running. His action made people join him as he ran: children, football stars, wheelchair athletes and even his brother, Darrell. As Terry ran, people waved and cheered. So much money was donated that the volunteers used large garbage bags so everyone could give. Then, outside Thunder Bay, Ontario, Terry felt a sharp pain in his chest. The pain was from cancer; this time in his lungs. He had to abandon the Marathon after 3, 339 miles. He told the people before he left, “I won’t give up. I just hope people will continue to give money.” And they did. Just under $25 million was given. Terry received numerous awards. At 22, he was the youngest Canadian to ever receive Canada’s highest award, the Companion of the Order of Canada. 13．What made Terry decide to run across Canada? A．His passion for Marathon. B．A desire to live a normal life. C．The support of his family and friends. D．The exciting experience of Dick Traum. 14．People joined him when he ran mainly because A．they were moved by the scene of Terry’s running B．they serve a as volunteers in the marathon C．they considered Terry as a great hero D．they loved running very much 15．Why did he finally stop the marathon? A．He collected enough money for the donation. B．His family and friends persuaded him to abandon it. C．He got great pain in his body because of the cancer. D．Running with the artificial leg wasn’t straightforward. 16．Which of the following words can best describe Terry? A．Generous. B．Independent. C．Determined. D．Creative. Passage 05 （24-25高一上·江西景德镇·期中）Angus, Doris, Gabriel and Kamil are some of the 21 names that have been chosen to be given to storms in the UK in the 2016/17 season. The Met Office, the UK’s national weather service, decided to give storms boys’ and girls’ names in 2015 in the same way as they did in America. The Met Office hopes that naming big storms will mean people are more aware (意识到) of them and how dangerous they can be. Derrick Ryall, from the Met Office, said, “We have seen how naming storms elsewhere in the world raises people’s awareness of storms before they break.” In the past, the same UK storm could be given different names by different organizations. “We noticed that many organizations during the last couple of winters, when we have had bad storms, started giving names to them. Think back to the St Jude’s Day storm in 2013, and the so-called Hurricane Bawbag in Scotland in 2011. But it led to confusion (混乱),” a Met Office spokeswoman said. According to the Met Office, there is a name for each letter of the whole alphabet (字母表), except for Q, U, X, Y and Z. That is the same as the naming tradition used in America. And not all storms will be big enough to get names— only those expected to cause great damage. If there are more than 21 storms in a year, the Met Office will start again with another name beginning with “A”. However, according to Met Office spokeswoman Lindsay Mears, “It’s unlikely we would get through the whole alphabet in one season. We had 14 storms in the very bad winter of 2013/14, and if the naming system had been in operation then we wouldn’t have used the whole alphabet.” 17．Why are storms in the UK named? A．To remind people of their short stay. B．To increase public awareness of them. C．To follow what other countries did. D．To meet the needs of its people. 18．Examples are given in Paragraph 4 to show ______. A．there’re many storms to name in a year B．some storms’ names are similar to others’ C．some storms’ names are hard to understand D．organizations named storms differently 19．What do we know about the names given to storms? A．21 letters will be used to begin the names. B．Storms will be given names whatever their sizes. C．Serious storms will be given boys’ names. D．21 names will be given at most in a year. 20．What can be learned from Lindsay Mears? A．There are not too many big storms each year. B．Action will be taken to prevent storms. C．There are usually 14 storms in a year. D．The naming system will not change. Passage 06 （24-25高一上·江西·期中）Scientists from Fudan University have reached a breakthrough in creating a device (装置) that could enable people lying on the bed to walk again. Using the new device, people who are disabled could gain control of the muscles in their legs and walk again. The spinal cord (脊髓) functions as a high-speed system connecting the brain and the surrounding nerve system. If the spinal cord is damaged, the instructions from the brain telling muscles to move can’t be transported. And patients will possibly lose the ability to move. Nerve injury is impossible to change for the better. There are 3.74 million patients with spinal cord injuries in China, and there are about 90,000 new patients in the country each year. So the new device will mean a lot if it is used in hospitals. Last year, a research team from the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne carried out brain-spinal connection research on disabled patients. By collecting and figuring out brain signals and connecting the brain and spinal cord nerve pathways, the team was able to help the patients with spinal cord injuries gain control of their muscles again. However, challenges were in front of researchers, including understanding the exact activity in the brain and encouraging clinical (临床的) application. In response to these problems, Fudan researchers invented a new generation of device. Compared with the Swiss team’s research, which required patients to have three devices in their brain, Fudan research team combined the three devices into a single one. Besides, the new device allows the brain- spinal connection to be exact and fast. Moreover, the new device makes adjustments according to a patient’s movements of their legs. As a result, patients will walk normally like healthy people. Such a device means that in the future, the patients with spinal cord injuries will walk more naturally and smoothly. Jia Fumin, the lead researcher, said that clinical trials are expected to begin at a hospital later this year. 21．What’s the result of the damaged spinal cord? A．The brain stops giving instructions. B．Patients end up losing their balance. C．The movement signals fail to be received. D．Muscles connect with the brains directly. 22．What is one of the difficulties for the Swiss team? A．Helping patients control muscles. B．Lacking fund to support the research. C．Collecting and processing brain signals. D．Understanding the exact brain activity. 23．What can we learn about the new device? A．It is made up of three parts. B．It has been used in hospitals. C．It speeds patients’ movement. D．It makes patients’ natural walking possible. 24．What’s Jia Fumin’s attitude to the new device? A．Positive. B．Curious. C．Uncertain. D．Worried. Passage 07 （24-25高一上·山东济南·期中）The student arrived early, sat front and center, and stood out in my classroom in more ways than one. I’d say that he was about 40 years older than his classmates in my undergraduate communications class. He hungrily jumped into class discussions, with his humor and wisdom of experience. And he was always respectful of the other students’ perspectives, as if each of them were a teacher. Jerry Valencia walked in with a smile—and he left with one too. “These students gave me the confidence that I didn’t need to feel bad about my age,” Valencia says. One day I spotted Valencia on campus. He said he would have to stop taking classes that semester and reapply for next year. By then, he hoped to have earned enough money and have his student-loan papers in order. He asked seriously whether he could still sit in on my communications class. Sure, I said. But he wouldn’t get any credit. No problem, he said. Soon there he was again, back at his old desk, jumping into our discussions on how to find and tell stories in Los Angeles—a 63-year-old man with as much energy and curiosity as any of the youngsters in class. A lot of Valencia’s classmates apparently knew he couldn’t afford that semester’s tuition but was still doing the homework. “Here he is, willingly taking a class for the delight of it and benefit of learning,”says Jessica Espinosa, a 25-year-old junior. Afterward, I overheard Valencia wanted to stay in school until he earned a master’s degree, but it had taken him 12 years to finish community college, so he had a long way to go. There is something splendidly unreasonable about Valencia’s determination to get a four-year degree and then a master’s. At his current pace, he’ll be 90 when he finally hangs all that paper on the wall. But that doesn’t seem especially relevant. He’s found all the youthful energy and academic opportunity stimulating (振奋人心的). Valencia’s grade in my class this semester will not show up on his transcripts (成绩单). But I’m giving him an A—and in the most important ways, it counts. 25．What made Valencia different from his classmates? A．He was respectful to the teacher. B．He activated the class atmosphere. C．He was anxious to learn despite his age. D．He often put forward different opinions. 26．According to the author, why did Valencia continue to attend classes? A．He treasured the chance of learning. B．He wished to show his determination. C．He needed the credits to further his study. D．He desired to have an A on his transcripts. 27．Which of the following best describes Valencia? A．Powerful and independent. B．Energetic and generous. C．Positive and determined. D．Considerate and knowledgeable. 28．What can we learn from the passage? A．No pains, no gains. B．It is never too old to learn. C．Strike the iron while it is hot. D．Where there is life, there is hope. Passage 08 （24-25高一上·山东聊城·期中）Sometimes it seems anti-pollution and recycling efforts are a long road to nowhere. That’s how engineer Toby McCartney felt until visiting India in 2016. While on the trip, he worked with a group filling holes on roads by combining waste plastics, diesel (柴油) fuel, and fire. Plastic has been used to construct roads in India since the turn of the century—and McCartney realized the idea could be applied to road construction in other countries, “to solve two world problems: plastic waste, and on the other side the poor quality of roads we have to drive on today.” Upon returning home to Scotland, he started experimenting, melting down various combinations of consumer plastics on his kitchen stove (炉子). After going through over 500 different combinations of waste plastics, he found materials that worked and founded a company named MacRebur to start building their plastic-improved roads. In MacRebur, waste plastics are broken down into small pieces and replace 20% of the oil-based bitumen (沥青) that is used on traditional roads. More importantly, the mixed material is up to 60% stronger, up to three times longer-lasting, and has huge environmental benefits. According to McCartney, each mile of road laid with his company’s product uses almost 1.2 million single-use plastic bags or 80,000 plastic bottles. McCartney is sure that plastics in roads will not wash back into our rivers and oceans when it rains. Since the plastic is safely sandwiched between stone and bitumen, it can’t easily reenter the environment. “All our plastics are heated to 180℃,” says McCartney. “They then fully coalesce with the remaining bitumen in the road, so there is no micro-plastic present in any of our roads.” “At the end of the day plastic is a great product,” McCartney says. “It lasts long, which is a problem if it’s a waste product, but not a problem if we want it to last.” 29．What do we know about McCartney during his stay in India? A．He got some inspiration over work. B．He taught the locals to fill road holes. C．He was disappointed at terrible roads. D．He witnessed serious plastic pollution. 30．What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about concerning MacRebur’s product? A．Its composition. B．Its production procedures. C．Its advantages. D．Its possible applications. 31．What does the underlined word “coalesce” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Mix. B．Deal. C．Compare. D．Compete. 32．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Plastics Lead to Significant Cost Savings B．Old Indian Roads will be the Best Choice C．Engineer Invents New Plastic that Lasts Longer D．Waste Plastics may Build the Roads of Future Passage 09 （24-25高一上·安徽六安·期中）A pilot program in North County is teaching students about nutrition and where their food comes from. The five-week Farm to School program is a partnership between Escondido Union School District and the Farm to Institution Center. It encourages elementary school children to try vegetables they may not have tried before. “I think that understanding just the roots of where our food comes from and how it gets to our table is meaningful,” said Jeremy Lyche, principal of Bernardo Elementary School. “You saw the kids’ excitement today. They love it.” The students in Paul Erickson’s class have been in the program for over a month. “We’ve been doing multiple lessons where we’re learning about and teaching about local farms in our community, as well as some healthier choices like produce(农产品), just getting students to join in farming.” Erickson said. Once a week for the past five weeks, Alexis Anderson from the Farm to Institution Center has been coming by to teach these kids more about farming and what it takes to get fresh produce to their tables. Wednesday was the students’ last session in the program. She said the main takeaway for the kids is learning where their food comes from. “Eat and support local food because it not only benefits their community economically, but also benefits their health and just education overall of knowing what’s available,” Anderson said. After Wednesday’s lesson, the students went to the school garden for a game of bingo to identify the things they’ve learned. One of the goals of the school garden is for the students to try new things. For Escondido Union School District, the ultimate goal for the school garden is for the produce to end up in the cafeteria for the children to eat. But there are some health regulations the district still needs to overcome before that can happen. 33．What is the purpose of the Farm to School program? A．To promote local farms and their products. B．To provide money for school gardens. C．To get students to know the source of food. D．To motivate children to plant vegetables. 34．What does the underlined word “ takeaway” probably mean in Paragraph 4? A．Focus. B．Gain. C．Challenge. D．Inspiration. 35．Which is the benefit of eating locally according to Anderson? A．It supports the local economy. B．It reduces the food waste. C．It lowers food production cost. D．It improves farming skills. 36．What should the school district do to achieve their goal? A．Expand the garden to produce more food. B．Increase the variety of vegetables grown. C．Train more teachers to take part in the program. D．Ensure the produce meets health regulations. Passage 10 （24-25高一上·山东德州·期中）At a high school in Indiana, a group of students are working on ideas to deal with climate change. One student, Murphy, suggests a large container filled with water that would heat up and produce steam (蒸汽) to power a car. Although the idea has limitations, climate scientist Ben Kravitz appreciates it, saying that steam power, while old, still works. Kravitz developed a lesson with Paul Goddard, a research scientist, and Kirstin Milks, a high school science teacher. The lesson encourages students to think creatively about reducing pollution and solving global warming. Milks believes it’s important for students to not only understand the dangers of climate change but also feel confident to come up with solutions. She says, “These students will lead the future climate work.” The lesson covers the basics of climate change, explaining that burning coal, oil, and gas gives off carbon dioxide (CO2), the main cause of global warming. Kravitz stresses that reducing greenhouse gas emissions (is the only lasting solution, but new technologies, such as wind and solar energy, are needed to make progress. In the meantime, Kravitz and other scientists are exploring ways, such as climate engineering, to reduce the planet’s temperature. Climate engineering includes techniques like reflecting sunlight back into space or removing CO2 from the atmosphere. However, these ways come with risks, such as changing weather systems and rainfall patterns, leading to loss of biodiversity and impacting agriculture. Students are encouraged to think about such challenges when developing their ideas. Through this lesson, Milks hopes to develop in students both awareness and optimism (乐观), showing them that they can play a role in solving global issues. 37．What is Murphy’s idea? A．Design a special car. B．Power cars with steam. C．Discover new energy. D．Make a drinking machine. 38．Why was this lesson developed? A．To equip students for climate action. B．To discuss the benefits of using solar energy. C．To encourage students to stop using coal and gas. D．To explain climate change affects weather systems. 39．What can we know about climate engineering? A．It can absorb the sunlight. B．It can add CO2 to the atmosphere. C．It may enrich the biodiversity. D．It may have effects on agriculture. 40．What is a suitable title for the passage? A．The challenges of climate engineering. B．Students’ contributions to steam power. C．The development of climate-related technologies. D．Students’ creative ideas for a better climate future. Passage 11 （24-25高一上·四川·期中）Spanish scientist Pilar Bosch has found a way to use bacteria (细菌) to repair 18th-century paintings. Bosch, a microbiologist, tells Reuters she got the idea for the method while considering possibilities for a paper toward her doctoral degree. During this process, she discovered someone else’ s paper that suggested bacteria can be used to repair artworks. At around the same time, Bosch learned that her mother was struggling to find a good method for repairing 18th-century paintings. The paintings sat in Santos Juanes — one of the oldest churches in the city of Valencia. Bosch said her mother, Pilar Roig, mentioned how difficult the repairing process at the church was. One reason was the glue used to remove the paintings from the walls in the 1960s. It was nearly impossible to remove it completely. “My mother had a very difficult problem to solve and I found a paper about bacteria used to clean frescoes in Italy,” Bosch said. A fresco is a kind of painting that often appears across a large wall. Bosch added she decided to write her doctoral paper on the same subject. That was more than ten years ago. Today, she gets to work with her mother on the church repair. They are using the bacteria method to remove glue from artworks. The $4.46 million project is being provided by local organizations. The process involves feeding small amounts of the glue to the bacteria. After a time, the bacteria begins to break down the glue. The mother-daughter team then mixes the bacteria with a natural substance, called a gel, and places it onto the paintings. They say that after about three hours, the gel mixture is removed, leaving the paintings glue-free. Bosch has also used her bacteria removal process in other repairing projects in Italy and Spain. And she is now training other scientists to use a different kind of bacteria to clear walls of painted graffiti. 41．According to Pilar Roig, why was it difficult to restore the paintings at the church? A．It was impossible to use the glue. B．The paintings were too old to restore. C．It was unlikely to fully remove the glue. D．The paintings sat at the oldest church. 42．What can we learn about Bosch’s doctoral paper? A．It was written over ten years ago. B．It was published by local organizations. C．It was one and only rewarding paper. D．It was about using bacteria to protect glue. 43．What does Bosch’s mother probably work on? A．Researching bacteria and medicine. B．Teaching biology in a key university. C．Studying different kinds of artworks. D．Repairing old churches and works of art. 44．What’s the best title of the text? A．Repairing 18th-century Paintings Is Very Difficult B．Different Kinds of Bacteria Have Different Functions C．A Spanish Scientist Writes the Doctoral Paper on Bacteria D．A Spanish Scientist Uses Bacteria to Repair Old Artworks Passage 12 （23-24高一上·湖北武汉·期末）Jessica Long, from Baltimore, Maryland, USA is a champion by all definitions of the word. She is one of the world’s most celebrated swimmers. Jessica was the youngest athlete to win a Paralympics (残奥会)medal. But her path to becoming a champion has been anything but easy. Jessica was born in Irkutsk, Russia with a severe and rare disease — fibular hemimelia (悱侧半肢畸形). This means that part of her leg bones was missing or abnormal. Because of that, her young mother placed her in a Russian orphanage (孤儿院), fearing she could not care for Jessica Fortunately, she was adopted by an American family when she was 13 months old. She required 25 different surgeries to help her leg condition. But unfortunately, both of her legs had to be removed when she was just 18 months old. Jessica learned to walk with artificial legs. As a child, she took to sports including gymnastics, cheerleading, ice skating, biking and rock climbing. She began swimming at her grandparents’ house when she was 6. She started competitive swimming about 4 years later. She did really well in swimming. Shortly after she started competing, Jessica was selected as Maryland’s Female Swimmer of the Year with a Disability. Even though Jessica was annoyed with her physical limitations, she was encouraged to enter her first Paralympic Games in Athens, Greece. She won three gold medals in swimming at 12! But she did not rest on her success. Jessica has gone on to win 23 medals for Team USA at the Paralympics! While she began her career out of anger and annoyance, she now has a positive force on a mission to inspire the next generation of Paralympians! Her attitude and growth have been keys to her success. Jessica always believed she could do anything. As she says, “The only disability in life is a negative attitude.” 45．What happened to Jessica when she was a baby? A．She was left in the wild. B．She had her legs cut because of a disease. C．She had 25 operations on her leg. D．She was adopted by a Russian family. 46．When did Jessica begin to receive competitive swimming training? A．At the age of 4. B．At the age of 6. C．At the age of 10. D．At the age of 12. 47．What can we infer about Jessica from the text? A．She has set a good example to Paralympians. B．She has won 23 gold medals in Paralympics. C．She was the youngest athlete in US history. D．She took part in several sports in Paralympics. 48．What does the author want to tell us? A．A common danger causes common action. B．Never hit a man when he is down. C．Nothing is impossible to a determined heart. D．Difficult the first time, easy the second. Passage 13 （24-25高一上·北京·期中）Jesse Owens, an African-American athlete, faced enormous pressure at the 1936 Olympic Games in Berlin. Despite racial mistreatment present at the Berlin Games, he made history by winning four Olympic gold medals in the 100m, 200m, 4×100m relay, and long jump events — an accomplishment no other Olympian had ever made. His remarkable achievement shattered (粉碎) Adolf Hitler’s plan to prove Aryan (雅利安人的) superiority. While Owens’ accomplishment was unique, he might have lost one of his gold medals had it not been for the advice from an unlikely ally (盟友) — German long jumper Luz Long. During the long jump event, Owens fouled (犯规) on his first two attempts and had only one final chance to qualify for the final. In an act of sportsmanship, Long walked up and suggested Owens change his mark and take off well before the foul line in order to avoid another foul. Following Long’s advice, Owens jumped a distance of 25 feet on his final try to qualify for the final. As it turned out, Owens bagged the gold, setting a new Olympic record(8.06m) while Long grabbed silver(7.87m). The German was the first to congratulate Owens and later walked around the stadium, arm-in-arm with Owens. They even posed together for pictures. It was a classy act of sportsmanship that stayed with Owens for the rest of his life. “It took a lot of courage for him to befriend me. You can melt down all the medals and cups I have and they wouldn’t be a plating on the 24-karat friendship I felt for Luz Long at that moment,” the American said. Owens and Long stayed connected even after the Games. Long lost his life during the Battle of St Pietro later in 1943, but he wrote a touching letter to Owens before he died. In the letter, he begged Owens to find his young son after the war and tell him about his father. Years have passed by but their bond still serves as a strong message, highlighting“ how things can be between men on this earth”, as written in the letter. 49．What challenge did Owens face at the 1936 Olympic Games? A．Having to prove Aryan superiority. B．Being subjected to ill-treatment. C．Strong competition from German athletes. D．Expectation of breaking records in four events. 50．What did Long do to help Owens during the long jump event? A．He fouled on his first two attempts. B．He provided technical advice for Owens. C．He cheered for Owens with great passion. D．He participated in the event alongside Owens. 51．Which of the following can best describe Long? A．Ambitious and professional. B．Smart and confident. C．Tough and devoted. D．Brave and generous. 52．What message does the story of Owens and Long convey? A．Equality is essential for the Olympic Games. B．Death is insignificant in the face of brotherhood. C．The power of friendship bridges racial divides. D．Common goals unite people from diverse backgrounds. Passage 14 （24-25高一上·江苏常州·期中）Americans are faced with an “epidemic of loneliness,” according to the surgeon general and dozens of researchers. But according to a pair of new surveys, American loneliness is more complex than that. The typical American, it seems, texts a bunch of people “we should get together!” before watching TikTok alone on the couch and then passing out. That is, Americans have friends. We just never really see them. For a study published in July, Natalie Pennington, a communications professor at Colorado State University, and her co-authors surveyed nearly 6,000 American adults about their friendships. The researchers found that Americans reported having an average of about four or five friends, which is similar to past estimates. Very few respondents — less than 4 percent — reported having no friends. Although most of the respondents were satisfied with the number of friends they had, more than 40 percent felt they were not as emotionally close to their friends as they’d like to be, and a similar number wished they had more time to spend with their friends. Americans feel “that longingness there,” as Pennington put it — “a struggle to figure out how to communicate and connect and make time for” friendship. This difficulty arises, in part, from a shortage of free time. In 2021, older Millennials (千禧一代) — those ages 35 to 44, a group that’s likely to have young kids — had 16 fewer minutes of leisure time each day than similarly aged adults did in 2003, according to Bloomberg’s Justin Fox. They’ve reallocated those minutes to sleep, work, and child care. Because modern friendship requires so much active scheduling of individual friend-dates, people with more resources are now better able to maintain friendships than disadvantaged people. A survey of 6,500 American adults released last month by Cox and one of his colleagues found that college-educated Americans were more likely than those with a high-school degree to host friends and neighbors at their home at least once a month. Maintaining friendships in this atomized(分散的) new world might require lowering expectations. Instead, Goldfarb suggests getting closer to your friends by taking an interest in things they care about, and asking to hang out for small, specific amounts of time. If you’re friends with a new parent, that is, don’t invite them to a bar 30 minutes away. Ask if you can bring over fresh fruit and chat for 20 minutes. “We need our friends to see us,” Goldfarb said. “We need our friends to take all our roles into account.” 53．What does “epidemic of loneliness” in paragraph 1 refer to? A．Fear of being alone. B．Trend of feeling lonely. C．Preference for being alone. D．Physical problems caused by loneliness. 54．What do paragraphs 2-3 mainly talk about? A．People’s choice of their friends. B．Doubt about American adults’ friendships. C．Differences among various kinds of friendships. D．Current situation of American adults’ friendships. 55．According to the last three paragraphs, what can we conclude? A．People aged 35-44 have the fewest friends in life. B．Adults usually have high expectations of their friends. C．People with higher education tend to see their friends more. D．New parents should spend less time on child care to get more friends. 56．Which is the best title for the article? A．The Wonder of Friendship B．The Friendship Paradox C．The Longing for Friendship D．The Friendship Puzzle Passage 15 （24-25高一上·浙江·阶段练习）I’m a seventeen-year-old boy preparing for my A Level exams at the end of the year. In the society where my peers (同龄人) and I live, we tend to accept the rat race values. As students, we want to get good grades so that we can get good jobs. I enjoy studying and have consistently received A’s in my classes. There was a year when I finished first in my class in the final exams. It was a great accomplishment. Another one I am pleased with is that I managed to improve the relationship between Mum and Dad. Dad was a successful businessman who was rarely at home. Mum was a housewife who always felt bored and constantly nagged (唠叨) him to let her go to work. Their constant arguing bothered me, so I advised Dad that Mum would be better off with a part-time job. He agreed, and their relationship has improved since then. My most proud achievement, however, is my successful work in the local old folks’ home. My grandparents had raised me since I was a child. I wept (哭泣) bitterly when they died. Unlike many of my classmates, I do not take part in my school's community service to earn points. I enjoy my voluntary work and believe I'm contributing to a worthwhile cause. This is where I can help. I talk to the elderly, assist them with their daily life, and listen to their problems, glory days and the hardships they experienced. Last year, I hosted a successful New Year party for the elderly and they enjoyed a great time. Many expressed a desire to attend another party the following year. When I reflect on my accomplishments, I'm especially proud of my service at the old folks’ home, so I hope to study social work at university and work as a social worker in the future. I wish to be more skilled in attending to the less fortunate as well as find great satisfaction in it, after all. 57．What can be inferred about the author from the first paragraph? A．His good grades got him a good job. B．His views on social values are well known. C．He is content with his scholastic achievements. D．He refuses to compete with his peers fiercely. 58．Which role does the author play in his parents’ relationship? A．A judge. B．A helper. C．A monitor. D．A supporter. 59．What is the greatest accomplishment for the author? A．The work in community service. B．The contribution to volunteering. C．The success in exams. D．The recovery of confidence in life. 60．Why does the author want to major in social work at university? A．To get a well-paid job. B．To make his life more colourful. C．To get himself recognized in the community. D．To better help the less abled. Passage 16 （24-25高一上·江西抚州·期中）“I played a live action role-playing (LARP) game to experience the culture of the Miao ethnic group. It was so fun!” said a visitor while visiting Qianhu Miao Village, a tourist site that displays an epic about the development of the Miao ethnic group in Guizhou Province. The LARP game, launched by the tourist site, presents the ancient and traditional Miao legends through modern technologies such as 5G and mixed reality (MR), and enables tourists to see virtual scenery and treasures in the physical world with a pair of MR glasses. According to Luo Longbao, head of the marketing department of the company, the village has built a5G platform that offers various types of services. Visitors can search for parking space, scenic spots and recommended routes on the platform. As new information technologies are more and more used in the culture and tourism industry, different 5G intelligent tourism scenarios are appearing in China, such as 5G smart tour guide, 5G virtual reality (虚拟现实) tourism programs, online sightseeing and livestream tourism. These provide richer and newer experiences for visitors. The use of 5G, cloud computing and digital (数码的) twin technologies can strengthen the tourism industry’s ability and better the management of 5G intelligent tourism. Building digital tourist sites not only helps better protect and display cultural relics (遗物) and improve tourist sites’ ability in operation and emergency response, but also further facilitates tourists and improves their satisfaction. Professor Li Xinjian, from Beijing International Studies University, said that the digital ization helps upgrade traditional tourist sites and represents (代表) an unstoppable trend of digital economy contributing to the high-quality development of the tourism industry. And the modernization of tourist sites is necessary. 61．What is the purpose of mentioning the visitor in the first paragraph? A．To lead to the topic. B．To present the author’s view. C．To draw a conclusion. D．To explain the design concept of LARP. 62．How can the 5G platform help tourists? A．Providing the best travel experience. B．Introducing spots in different languages. C．Viewing a brief map of the scenic spot. D．Recommending some tourist attractions. 63．What does the underlined word “scenarios” in paragraph 4 mean? A．Sources. B．Applications. C．Adventures. D．Companies. 64．Which can be a suitable title for the text? A．The Increasing Number of Tourists Brought by 5G. B．The Competition of Travel Companies by Using 5G. C．The Development of Tourism Driven by 5G Technology. D．Tourist Experience in the Miao Village Improved by 5G. Passage 17 （23-24高一上·湖北武汉·期末）In recent years, towns across Italy have been racing to launch plans aimed at attracting new residents (居民) to revive the towns. From deserted homes selling for a euro, to ready-to-occupy houses at low prices, there has been a tendency (趋势) for competition. The picturesque town of Presicce is the latest to enter the game with a very alluring offer. Officials say they will pay people up to 30,000 euros to buy an empty house and take up residency. Even better, the houses for sale as part of the deal are priced around 25,000 euros. The cash motivation is expected to breathe new life into the depopulating town, where newborns are fewer each year. The history of Presicce dates back to the Middle Ages, developing quickly during the Renaissance (文艺复兴) as a place known for its fine wine, cheeses and cattle trade. It gains a name as a “town of green gold” for green olive trees and olive oil. Its location is extremely good, surrounded by the nature of the Salento area and close to beautiful beaches and clear waters of Santa Maria di Leuca. “There are many empty homes in the historical center built before 1991 which we would like to see alive again with new residents,” says local spokesman Alfredo Palese. “It is a pity seeing how our old districts full of history, wonderful architecture and art are slowly emptying.” According to Palese, a 2019 merger (合并) with the nearby town Acquarica to create the larger town Presicce-Acquarica has provided them with extra money to ensure the project can continue for years to come. “After the merger as per Italian law, our wider territory (领土) will be blessed with more public funds, about 1,000,000 euros per year for several years forward, which we intend to invest to renew the old district,” says Palese. The town hall has already launched other plans to attract more residents, including tax benefits to set up new business activities and baby bonuses for families with kids. 65．What problem do many Italian towns face? A．Economic issue. B．Rising business competition. C．Population reduction. D．Poor housing market. 66．What does the underlined word “alluring” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Attractive. B．Conditional. C．Official. D．Reasonable. 67．What’s the author’s purpose of writing paragraph 3? A．To show Presicce’s past glory. B．To introduce Presicce’s traditional culture. C．To advertise a historical town. D．To stress the importance of reviving Presicce. 68．Why did Presicce and Acquarica merge in 2019? A．To create wider territory. B．To follow Italian law. C．To attract more investment. D．To gain more funds. Passage 18 （23-24高一上·黑龙江哈尔滨·期中）Two friends have an argument that breaks up their friendship forever, even though neither one can remember how the whole thing got started Such sad events happen over and over in high schools across the country. In fact, according to an official report on youth violence (暴力),“In our country today, the greatest threat to the lives of children and teenagers is not disease or hunger or abandonment, but the terrible reality of violence”. Considering this, why aren’t students taught to manage conflict the way they are taught to solve math problems, drive cars, or stay physically fit? First of all, students need to realize that conflict is unavoidable. A report on violence among middle school and high school students shows that most violent incidents between students begin with a relatively unimportant insult (侮辱). For example, a fight could start over the fact that one student eats a peanut butter sandwich each lunchtime. Laughter over the sandwich can lead to insults, which in tum can lead to violence. The problem isn’t in the sandwich, but in the way students deal with the conflict. Once students recognize that conflict is unavoidable, they can practice the golden rule of conflict resolution (解决): stay calm Once the student feels calmer, he or she should choose words that will calm the other person down as well. Rude words, name-calling, and accusation only add fuel to the emotional fire. On the other hand, soft words spoken at a nomal sound level can put out the fire before it explodes out of control. After both sides have calmed down, they can use another key strategy (策略) for conflict resolution: listening. Listening allows the two sides to understand each other. One person should describe his or her side, and the other person should listen without interrupting. Afterward, the listener can ask non-threatening questions to clarify the speaker’s position. Then the two people should change roles. Finally, students need to consider what they are hearing. This doesn’t mean trying to figure out what’s wrong with the other person. It means understanding what the real issue is and what both sides are trying to accomplish. For example, a shouting match over a peanut butter sandwich might happen because one person thinks the other person is unwilling to try new things. Students need to ask themselves questions such as these: How did this start? What do I really want? What am I afraid of? As the issue becomes clearer, the conflict often simply becomes smaller. Even if it doesn’t, careful thought helps both sides figure out a mutual solution. There will always be conflict in schools, but that doesn’t mean there needs to be violence. After students in Atlanta started a conflict resolution program, according to Educators for Social Responsibility, “64 percent of the teachers reported less physical violence in the classroom; 75 percent of the teachers reported an increase in student cooperation; and 92 percent of the students felt better about themselves”. Learning to resolve conflicts can help students deal with friends, teachers, parents, bosses, and coworkers. In that way, conflict resolution is a basic life skill that should be taught in schools across the country. 69．FromParagraph2 we can learn that _______. A．students tend to become angry easily B．a small conflict can lead to violence C．violence is more likely to happen at lunchtime D．the eating habit of a student is often the cause of a fight 70．Why do students need to ask themselves the questions stated in Paragraph 5? A．To find out who is to criticize. B．To get ready to try new things. C．To make clear what the real issue is. D．To figure out how to stop the shouting match. 71．After the conflict resolution program was started in Atlanta, it was found that _______. A．there was a decrease in classroom violence B．the teacher-student relationship greatly improved C．there was less student cooperation in the classroom D．more teachers felt better about themselves in schools 72．What is this article mainly about? A．The lives of school children. B．The cause of arguments in schools. C．How to analyze youth violence. D．How to deal with school conflicts. Passage 19 （24-25高一上·重庆·期中）As a young person, I never thought of myself as a sports enthusiast because I was quite clumsy. But there was one thing I enjoyed: running. It felt like I was soaring (翱翔) through the air. Sadly, this changed when I hurt my knee two years ago. I had to stay in bed for two weeks and even walking a short way was hard for me. I was so upset that I cried as I moved to the car for several days. When therapy (治疗，疗法) wasn’t working well for me, I signed up for a hot yoga class for girls, Bikram Yoga to be exact. Starting a yoga practice was truly a blessing because it helped me gain strength in my knees but, most importantly yoga helped me attain a more peaceful state of mind, body and spirit. Since each class was heated to 105°F, every time I stepped foot in the yoga studio, I’d feel a surge (涌起) of negative thoughts come upon me like a big ocean wave. Some of these thoughts were, in the beginning of my practice, so strong that I walked out of the class several times. However, as the months passed by, I noticed that when I didn’t get swayed away (动摇) by my negative thoughts, I could stay in the hot room for longer. After 3-4 months of practising hot yoga, my arms and legs were beginning to get definition. I also woke up with so much more energy than I had before starting my yoga practice and I gradually started shedding the pounds (减轻体重) from my body. Yoga literally made me feel as if I’d taken a shot of energy drink and just gave me that burst that helped my knees heal and made my overall health better. As I saw some of my classmates do poses that looked appealing to me, I started to think maybe I could do them too. Therefore, yoga helped show me that I have no real limitations physically unless I set those limitations myself through eating junk and thinking in negative limiting terms. Also, practising yoga in front of a mirror helped me connect with myself and practising with a group of people really helped me to feel a greater sense of connection with humanity whereas before I didn’t. Overall, this yoga practice has helped me to see I’m part of a bigger picture in life! 73．What once depressed the author terribly according to Paragraph 1? A．Her serious physical disease. B．Her negative thoughts. C．Her failure to find her car. D．Her inability to walk. 74．What difficulty did the author meet while attending each yoga class? A．The temperature was difficult to control in yoga class. B．She was greatly influenced by negative thoughts. C．Lack of confidence prevented the author doing yoga. D．She couldn’t bear the pain the knee injury brought. 75．What can we learn about the author from paragraph 4? A．She did better than her classmates at school. B．Her social circle was widened in the yoga classes. C．She has developed many healthy eating habits. D．Her physical state has acquired a new outlook. 76．What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage? A．To share with readers her experience in taking yoga classes. B．To present the benefits of practising yoga regularly. C．To show readers the necessary skills needed to do yoga. D．To call on readers to sign up for yoga courses. Passage 20 （24-25高一上·广东广州·期中）Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most likely contributing to fewer injuries. It does, however, have its own problem. Race walkers are conditioned athletes. The longest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50-kilometer race walk, which is about five miles longer than the marathon. But the sport’s rules require that a race walker’s knees stay straight through most of the leg swing (摆动) and one foot remain in contact with the ground at all times. It’s this strange form that makes race walking such an attractive activity, however, says Jaclyn Norberg, an assistant professor of exercise science at Salem State University in Salem, Mass. Like running, race walking is physically demanding. According to most calculations, race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800 calories (卡路里) per hour, which is about twice as many as they would burn walking, although fewer than running, which would probably burn about 1,000 or more calories per hour. However, race walking does not cause as much pressure on the body as running does, Dr. Norberg says. According to her research, runners hit the ground with as much as four times their body weight per step, while race walkers, who do not leave the ground, create only about 1.4 times their body weight with each step. As a result, she says, some of the injuries associated with running, such as runner’s knee, are uncommon among race walkers. But the sport’s strange form does place considerable stress on the ankles and hips, so people with a history of such injuries might want to be careful in doing the sport. In fact, anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first ask a coach or an experienced racer to learn the proper technique, she says. It takes some practice. 77．Why are race walkers conditioned athletes? A．They must run long distances. B．They have to follow special rules. C．They are qualified for the marathon. D．They are good at swinging their legs. 78．What advantage does race walking have over running? A．It’s less challenging physically. B．It’s more popular at the Olympics. C．It’s more effective in body building. D．It’s less likely to cause knee injuries. 79．What is Dr. Norberg’s suggestion for someone trying race walking? A．Doing regular exercises. B．Getting experts’ opinions. C．Having a medical checkup. D．Hiring an experienced coach. 80．Which word best describes the author’s attitude to race walking? A．Doubtful. B．Objective. C．Supportive. D．Worried. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题04 阅读理解（二）20篇 Passage 01 （24-25高一上·山东烟台·期中）Orcas, also known as killer whales, are the largest members of the dolphin family. They hunt in schools of up to 40 individuals and are famous for their group attack on sea creatures. But orcas seldom attack humans. However, since 2020, groups of orcas have struck about 700 boats off the coasts of Spain, Portugal, France and Morocco. They have damaged (损坏) at least seven boats. Experts now believe what the orcas did is the result of bored teenage orcas having fun. After observing fifteen young orcas, a research team, led by Alex Zerbini, found that the orcas approached the boats slowly. Once close, they appeared to simply want to nudge their noses or heads against the rudder (船舵). Given that these young orcas measure between 2.7 and 4.2 meters in length, just a gentle touch was enough to damage the rudders and even the boats. “As they play with the rudder, they don’t understand that they can damage the rudder and will affect human beings. It’s more playful than purposeful,” one researcher said. The researchers thought the teenage orcas’ boredom results from the increase in the population of their primary food source — the bluefin tuna. With plenty of food, they have a lot more time on their hands. They guessed the action may have been started by a curious individual attracted to the moving boat and may have inspired the others to do the same. Zerbini and his team give some suggestions about being far away from orcas when possible. While people are in the areas where orcas often appear, try to reduce the speed of the boats. Making banging sounds around the boat may keep the whales away. They also suggest boat owners replace the smooth rudder surface with special materials. This will make the boats less fun to “play” with. “We don’t want to see more boats being damaged, and we don’t want to see people in trouble,” Zerbini said. “But we also don’t want to see orcas and other animals being hurt. We have to remember that this is their home, and we’re in the way.” 1．What does the text focus on about orcas? A．Their unusual behavior. B．Their feeding habit. C．Their high intelligence. D．Their quick reaction. 2．Why do orcas strike the boats according to the research? A．To search for food. B．To seek pleasure. C．To try to communicate. D．To practice hunting skills. 3．What does paragraph 5 mainly tell us? A．How to find orcas’ tracks. B．How to draw orcas to the rudder. C．How to tell the sounds from orcas. D．How to avoid encounters with orcas. 4．What do we know from Zerbini’s words? A．We should live at peace with animals. B．We should build more high-quality boats. C．People face challenges in developing fishery. D．People have perfected creatures’ living environment. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是自2020年以来，西班牙、葡萄牙、法国和摩洛哥海岸附近发生的一系列逆戟鲸撞击船只的事件。 1．主旨大意题。根据第一段“But orcas seldom attack humans.(但是逆戟鲸很少攻击人类。)”和第二段“However, since 2020, groups of orcas have struck about 700 boats off the coasts of Spain, Portugal, France and Morocco. They have damaged (损坏) at least seven boats.(然而，自2020年以来，成群的逆戟鲸在西班牙、葡萄牙、法国和摩洛哥海岸袭击了大约700艘船只。他们至少损坏了七艘船。)”可知，本文主要讲的是逆戟鲸的不寻常的行为。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“Experts now believe what the orcas did is the result of bored teenage orcas having fun.(专家们现在认为逆戟鲸的行为是无聊的青少年逆戟鲸玩耍的结果。)”和第三段“It’s more playful than purposeful(与其说是有目的，不如说是好玩)”可知，逆戟鲸会袭击船只是为了寻求快乐。故选B。 3．主旨大意题。根据第五段“Zerbini and his team give some suggestions about being far away from orcas when possible. While people are in the areas where orcas often appear, try to reduce the speed of the boats. Making banging sounds around the boat may keep the whales away. They also suggest boat owners replace the smooth rudder surface with special materials. This will make the boats less fun to “play” with.(Zerbini和他的团队给出了一些关于尽可能远离逆戟鲸的建议。当人们在逆戟鲸经常出没的地方时，尽量降低船只的速度。在船周围发出砰砰的声音可能会让鲸远离。他们还建议船主用特殊材料替换光滑的舵面。这将使船“玩”的乐趣减少。)”可知，第五段主要讲的是如何避免遭遇逆戟鲸。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“We don’t want to see more boats being damaged, and we don’t want to see people in trouble(我们不希望看到更多船只受损，也不希望看到人们陷入困境)”和“But we also don’t want to see orcas and other animals being hurt. We have to remember that this is their home, and we’re in the way.(但我们也不想看到逆戟鲸和其他动物受到伤害。我们必须记住，这是它们的家，而我们挡住了它们的路。)”可知，从Zerbini的话中我们知道我们应该与动物和平相处。故选A。 Passage 02 （24-25高一上·湖北孝感·期中）Give fishermen a string, and they can use it to catch fish, but give it to young men from Huotong Town and they can make a lion fly. Indeed, many children growing up in the town in Ningde City, Fujian Province, might be under the impression that lions can actually fly, as they come into contact with the popular string lion dance at an early age. From a distance, bamboo lions with colorful long hair could be seen high above a small wooden stage in Xingxian Village in mid-March, each seeming to have a life of their own. Closer up, it was possible to see that they were linked by what looked like countless long strings that were being operated by a team of young people behind the stage. The young people made every effort during the show, sometimes using their weight to pull the strings, and other times jumping up and down to control the strings to make the lions do various fancy actions, ranging from rolling, jumping, to running one after another, and fighting for a ball. Applause broke out from the crowd as the lions came to rest, and a group of young boys stepped out from behind the curtain. “This is my happiest moment, getting recognition from the audience,” says Chen Jihong, 24, who leads the team of around 30 members aged between 13 and 24. Like other children in the region, Chen was first fascinated by the dance as a child when his mother took him to watch a lantern show on the day of longtaitou, or Dragon Head Raising Day. He remembers how the crowd suddenly became excited and cheered for the string lions to come out. Curiously, he pushed through the crowd to get a closer view as the lifelike lions came into sight. Huang Zhenqiao, a senior inheritor of the tradition that was named a national intangible (非物质的) cultural heritage in 2006, says that the string lion dance dates back about 1,300 years and is one of the most attractive shows at the local lantern show on that day. 5．Why does the writer mention “fishermen” at the beginning? A．To introduce the topic. B．To add something fun. C．To compare two skills. D．To explain the background. 6．What can we learn from Paragraph 3? A．What the lions looked like. B．How the lion dance was performed. C．What influence the dance had. D．How strong the young people were. 7．Which of the following has most probably inspired Chen Jihong to be a lion dancer? A．His childhood memories. B．The team influence. C．His family background. D．The school education. 8．What does the underlined word “inheritor” probably mean in the last paragraph? A．A person who has a gift for mathematics. B．A person who is to pass down a tradition. C．A person who prefers to get rid of old things. D．A person who studies the history of a country. 【答案】5．A 6．B 7．A 8．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了福建省宁德市胡通镇的提线狮子舞这一非物质文化遗产，讲述了其表演形式、历史渊源以及年轻舞者的热爱与传承。 5．推理判断题。根据第一段“Give fishermen a string, and they can use it to catch fish, but give it to young men from Huotong Town and they can make a lion fly. Indeed, many children growing up in the town in Ningde City, Fujian Province, might be under the impression that lions can actually fly, as they come into contact with the popular string lion dance at an early age.(给渔民一根绳子，他们可以用它来捕鱼，但如果把绳子给胡通镇的年轻人，他们就能让狮子飞起来。的确，在福建省宁德市这个镇上长大的许多孩子可能都会觉得狮子真的能飞，因为他们很小就接触到了流行的提线狮子舞)”可知，作者通过对比渔民和胡通镇年轻人对绳子的不同使用，引出了提线狮子舞这一话题。由此推知，作者提到“渔民”是为了引入主题。故选A项。 6．细节理解题。根据第三段“The young people made every effort during the show, sometimes using their weight to pull the strings, and other times jumping up and down to control the strings to make the lions do various fancy actions, ranging from rolling, jumping, to running one after another, and fighting for a ball.(年轻人在表演中竭尽全力，有时用体重拉绳子，有时跳上跳下控制绳子，让狮子做出各种花哨的动作，包括翻滚、跳跃、一个接一个地奔跑和抢球)”可知，本段主要描述了提线狮子舞的表演过程，即年轻人如何通过操控绳子让狮子做出各种动作。故选B项。 7．推理判断题。根据第五段“Like other children in the region, Chen was first fascinated by the dance as a child when his mother took him to watch a lantern show on the day of longtaitou, or Dragon Head Raising Day. He remembers how the crowd suddenly became excited and cheered for the string lions to come out. Curiously, he pushed through the crowd to get a closer view as the lifelike lions came into sight.(和该地区的其他孩子一样，陈小时候就被这种舞蹈迷住了，当时他妈妈带他去看龙头抬头节那天的灯笼表演。他记得人群突然变得兴奋起来，为提线狮子的出场而欢呼。出于好奇，他挤过人群，当栩栩如生的狮子映入眼帘时，他仔细地观看)”可知，陈继红小时候被提线狮子舞所吸引，并留下了深刻的印象。由此推知，正是他童年的这些记忆激发了他成为提线狮子舞者的愿望。故选A项。 8．词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句“Huang Zhenqiao, a senior inheritor of the tradition (黄振桥，这一传统的资深inheritor)”和下文他对舞狮的介绍“says that the string lion dance dates back about 1,300 years and is one of the most attractive shows at the local lantern show on that day(据说舞狮可以追溯到1300年前，是当天当地灯展上最吸引人的节目之一)”可推知，黄振桥是舞狮的传承人。故划线词inheritor与“person who is to pass down a tradition.(传承传统的人)”同义。故选B项。 Passage 03 （24-25高一上·浙江·期中）Standing on the ruins after the fire where his house had been, Peter Ruprecht recognized that he was not sure how or when to rebuild. He was still shocked by what Australia’s increasingly changeable climate had already delivered: first a drought, then a destructive bush fire, then a foot of rain from a storm. “It’s unstoppable,” said Mr. Ruprecht, a former dairy farmer. “We speak about the warmth of Mother Nature, but nature can also be vicious and wild and unforgiving.” Australia’ s hellish (地狱的) fire season has come to an end, but its people are facing more than a single disaster. With floods destroying homes not far from where fires recently spread, they are facing a cycle of what scientists call “compound extremes”: one climate disaster strengthening the next. Warmer temperatures do more than just dry out the land. They also heat up the atmosphere, which means clouds hold more moisture (水汽) for longer periods of time. So droughts get worse, giving way to fires, then to heavy rains that the land is too dry to take in. Many Australians in disaster areas complain that their government, after paying little attention to climate change for years, has not yet to draw up recovery plans that are clear and that take future risks into consideration. At the same time, the economic costs of a changing climate are rising quickly. Philip Lowe, the governor of the Reserve Bank of Australia, warned recently that Australia was already paying a price, and that it would only go up. 9．Peter Ruprecht is mentioned in the beginning to ______. A．to arouse readers’ pity B．to introduce the topic C．to stress the problem D．to call on readers to help 10．Which word can replace the underlined word “vicious” in Paragraph 2? A．Graceful. B．Balanced. C．Responsible. D．Cruel. 11．What is the main cause of “compound extremes” in Australia? A．Government inaction. B．Warmer temperature. C．The shortage of money. D．No recovery plans. 12．Where is the text probably from? A．A guidebook. B．A travel journal. C．A news report. D．A book review. 【答案】9．B 10．D 11．B 12．C 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了澳大利亚一系列极端气候灾害，包括它的成因，灾害及造成的经济成本等。 9．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Standing on the ruins after the fire where his house had been, Peter Ruprecht recognized that he was not sure how or when to rebuild. He was still shocked by what Australia’s increasingly changeable climate had already delivered: first a drought, then a destructive bush fire, then a foot of rain from a storm. (Peter Ruprecht的房子着火后，他站在废墟上承认，他不知道如何或何时进行重建。澳大利亚日益变化的气候已经造成了这样的后果，他仍然感到震惊：先是干旱，然后是毁灭性的丛林大火，接着是一英尺的暴风雨)”可知，关于Peter Ruprecht站在灾难后的废墟上以及说的话都是为了引出话题：澳大利亚的气候灾难。故选B。 10．词句猜测题。根据文章第二段中的“We speak about the warmth of Mother Nature, but nature can also be vicious and wild and unforgiving. (我们谈论的是大自然的温暖，但大自然也可能是vicious、野蛮和无情的)”可知，大自然也可能是残忍、狂野和无情的，vicious意思是“残酷的，野蛮的”。A. Graceful优雅的；B. Balanced平衡的；C. Responsible负责的 ；D. Cruel残忍的。故选D。 11．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Warmer temperatures do more than just dry out the land. They also heat up the atmosphere, which means clouds hold more moisture (水汽) for longer periods of time. So droughts get worse, giving way to fires, then to heavy rains that the land is too dry to take in. (气温升高不仅仅使土地干涸。它们还会加热大气，这意味着云在更长的时间内保持更多的水分。因此，干旱变得更加严重，引发火灾，然后是土地太干燥而无法吸收的大雨。)”可知，是温度升高导致了复合极端情况。故选B。 12．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第一段“Standing on the ruins after the fire where his house had been, Peter Ruprecht recognized that he was not sure how or when to rebuild. He was still shocked by what Australia’s increasingly changeable climate had already delivered: first a drought, then a destructive bush fire, then a foot of rain from a storm. (Peter Ruprecht的房子着火后，他站在废墟上承认，他不知道如何或何时进行重建。澳大利亚日益变化的气候已经造成了这样的后果，他仍然感到震惊：先是干旱，然后是毁灭性的丛林大火，接着是一英尺的暴风雨)”和第三段“Australia’ s hellish (地狱的) fire season has come to an end, but its people are facing more than a single disaster. With floods destroying homes not far from where fires recently spread, they are facing a cycle of what scientists call “compound extremes”: one climate disaster strengthening the next. (澳大利亚地狱般的火灾季节已经结束，但其人民面临的不仅仅是一场灾难。洪水摧毁了离最近大火蔓延的地方不远的房屋，他们正面临着科学家所谓的“复合极端情况”循环：一场气候灾难加剧了另一场气候灾难。)”可知，全文描述了澳大利亚的极端气候灾难，它的成因，危害以及造成的经济成本等，属于实时报道。所以，该文章应出自一篇新闻报道。故选C。 Passage 04 （24-25高一上·北京西城·期中）Terry Fox never thought he’d live a remarkable life. He liked sports, but no one thought he was talented. During his first year in the university, he had a pain in his right knee, which was so bad that he couldn’t stand up. He went to the doctor for tests. They showed that he had cancer. He was going to lose his leg and be given an artificial one. Terry’s family and friends all gave him fantastic support. Terry said that he knew all those people really cared and helped him. He decided to face it with bravery. One night Terry was looking through an article about Dick Traum, who also had an artificial leg and had run in the New York Marathon. “If he can do it,” thought Terry, “I can, too. In fact, I’ll run across Canada and raise money for cancer research. It will be a Marathon of Hope!” For the next 16 months, Terry had special treatments for his cancer. And then he also began to run a little every day. Each day he ran a little farther. It is 5, 300 miles across Canada. Terry hoped to run thirty to forty miles a day so that it would take him six months. Most of all, he hoped to raise $1 million for cancer research. Because Terry had an artificial leg, running wasn’t easy or straightforward. He had to move by jumping on one foot twice and then take a long step with his real leg. Although it looked awkward, he still kept on running. His action made people join him as he ran: children, football stars, wheelchair athletes and even his brother, Darrell. As Terry ran, people waved and cheered. So much money was donated that the volunteers used large garbage bags so everyone could give. Then, outside Thunder Bay, Ontario, Terry felt a sharp pain in his chest. The pain was from cancer; this time in his lungs. He had to abandon the Marathon after 3, 339 miles. He told the people before he left, “I won’t give up. I just hope people will continue to give money.” And they did. Just under $25 million was given. Terry received numerous awards. At 22, he was the youngest Canadian to ever receive Canada’s highest award, the Companion of the Order of Canada. 13．What made Terry decide to run across Canada? A．His passion for Marathon. B．A desire to live a normal life. C．The support of his family and friends. D．The exciting experience of Dick Traum. 14．People joined him when he ran mainly because A．they were moved by the scene of Terry’s running B．they serve a as volunteers in the marathon C．they considered Terry as a great hero D．they loved running very much 15．Why did he finally stop the marathon? A．He collected enough money for the donation. B．His family and friends persuaded him to abandon it. C．He got great pain in his body because of the cancer. D．Running with the artificial leg wasn’t straightforward. 16．Which of the following words can best describe Terry? A．Generous. B．Independent. C．Determined. D．Creative. 【答案】13．D 14．A 15．C 16．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是Terry Fox的故事。他从未想过他会过上非同寻常的生活。虽然他喜欢运动，但没有人认为他有天赋。然而，Terry的特殊之处在于他的决心。在患上癌症并装上假肢后，他决定面对疾病。他被认为是他人生各个领域的赢家。 13．推理判断题。根据第三段中“One night Terry was looking through an article about Dick Traum, who also had an artificial leg and had run in the New York Marathon. “If he can do it,” thought Terry, “I can, too. In fact, I’ll run across Canada and raise money for cancer research. It will be a Marathon of Hope!”(有一天晚上，Terry在阅读一篇关于Dick Traum的文章，他也是一个假肢患者，曾参加过纽约马拉松比赛。Terry想：“如果他能做到，我也能做到。事实上，我要跑遍加拿大，为癌症研究筹款。这将是一场希望的马拉松！”)”可知，Terry在阅读了一篇关于Dick Traum的文章后，决定也要像Dick Traum一样横穿加拿大并为癌症研究筹集资金。Dick Traum也有一条假肢，并且参加过纽约马拉松。因此，是Dick Traum的激动人心的经历激发了Terry的决定。故选D。 14．推理判断题。根据第五段中“Although it looked awkward, he still kept on running. His action made people join him as he. ran: children, football stars, wheelchair athletes and even his brother, Darrell. As Terry ran, people waved and cheered. So much money was donated that the volunteers used large garbage bags so everyone could give.(虽然看起来很尴尬，但他还是继续跑。他的行动使人们和他一样加入他的行列。孩子、足球明星、轮椅运动员，甚至还有他的兄弟Darrell。Terry跑的时候，人们挥手欢呼。捐款如此之多，以至于志愿者们使用了大垃圾袋，这样每个人都可以捐款。)”可知，Terry用一条假肢跑步看起来很奇怪，但他仍然坚持跑。他的行动感动了人们，让他们加入他一起跑，包括孩子、足球明星、轮椅运动员甚至他的兄弟Darrell。因此，人们加入他主要是被Terry跑步的场景所感动。故选A。 15．细节理解题。根据第六段中“Then, outside Thunder Bay, Ontario, Terry felt a sharp pain in his chest. The pain was from cancer; this time in his lungs. He had to abandon the Marathon after3.339 miles.( 然后，在安大略省的桑德贝城外，Terry感到胸口一阵剧痛。疼痛来自癌症；这次是在他的肺部。跑完3339英里后，他不得不放弃马拉松比赛。)”可知，Terry在安大略省桑德贝市外面感到胸部剧痛，这是因为他肺部的癌症导致的。因此，他不得不在跑了3339英里后放弃了马拉松。所以，他最终停止马拉松是因为癌症导致的身体剧痛。故选C。 16．推理判断题。通读全文，Terry在得知自己患有癌症并需要截肢后，决定勇敢地面对它，并决定横穿加拿大为癌症研究筹集资金。尽管过程中面临诸多困难，包括使用假肢跑步的不便和身体上的疼痛，但他仍然坚持下来，并激励了无数人。因此，最能描述特里的词是C选项“Determined(坚定的)”。故选C。 Passage 05 （24-25高一上·江西景德镇·期中）Angus, Doris, Gabriel and Kamil are some of the 21 names that have been chosen to be given to storms in the UK in the 2016/17 season. The Met Office, the UK’s national weather service, decided to give storms boys’ and girls’ names in 2015 in the same way as they did in America. The Met Office hopes that naming big storms will mean people are more aware (意识到) of them and how dangerous they can be. Derrick Ryall, from the Met Office, said, “We have seen how naming storms elsewhere in the world raises people’s awareness of storms before they break.” In the past, the same UK storm could be given different names by different organizations. “We noticed that many organizations during the last couple of winters, when we have had bad storms, started giving names to them. Think back to the St Jude’s Day storm in 2013, and the so-called Hurricane Bawbag in Scotland in 2011. But it led to confusion (混乱),” a Met Office spokeswoman said. According to the Met Office, there is a name for each letter of the whole alphabet (字母表), except for Q, U, X, Y and Z. That is the same as the naming tradition used in America. And not all storms will be big enough to get names— only those expected to cause great damage. If there are more than 21 storms in a year, the Met Office will start again with another name beginning with “A”. However, according to Met Office spokeswoman Lindsay Mears, “It’s unlikely we would get through the whole alphabet in one season. We had 14 storms in the very bad winter of 2013/14, and if the naming system had been in operation then we wouldn’t have used the whole alphabet.” 17．Why are storms in the UK named? A．To remind people of their short stay. B．To increase public awareness of them. C．To follow what other countries did. D．To meet the needs of its people. 18．Examples are given in Paragraph 4 to show ______. A．there’re many storms to name in a year B．some storms’ names are similar to others’ C．some storms’ names are hard to understand D．organizations named storms differently 19．What do we know about the names given to storms? A．21 letters will be used to begin the names. B．Storms will be given names whatever their sizes. C．Serious storms will be given boys’ names. D．21 names will be given at most in a year. 20．What can be learned from Lindsay Mears? A．There are not too many big storms each year. B．Action will be taken to prevent storms. C．There are usually 14 storms in a year. D．The naming system will not change. 【答案】17．B 18．D 19．A 20．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英国给大的暴风雨命名的原因。 17．细节理解题。根据第三段的“The Met Office hopes that naming big storms will mean people are more aware of them and how dangerous they can be.(英国气象局希望给大风暴命名能让人们更加意识到它们的危险性。)”可知，英国的风暴被命名是为了提高公众对它们的认识。故选B。 18．细节理解题。根据第四段的“In the past, the same UK storm could be given different names by different organizations.(在过去，同一场英国风暴可能会被不同的组织命名。) ”可知，不同组织对风暴的命名不同。故选D。 19．细节理解题。根据第五段的“According to the Met Office, there is a name for each letter of the whole alphabet, except for Q,U,X,Y and Z.(根据英国气象局的说法，除了Q、U、X、Y和Z，整个字母表中的每个字母都有一个名字。)”可知，26个字母除掉5个字母，剩下21个字母用来命名。故选A。 20．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“However, according to Met Office spokeswoman Lindsay Mears, It’s unlikely we would get through the whole alphabet in one season.(然而，英国气象局发言人林赛·米尔斯表示：我们不太可能在一季内完成整个字母表。)”可知，21个字母不太可能在一年内用完，即每年不会有很多大风暴雨。故选A。 Passage 06 （24-25高一上·江西·期中）Scientists from Fudan University have reached a breakthrough in creating a device (装置) that could enable people lying on the bed to walk again. Using the new device, people who are disabled could gain control of the muscles in their legs and walk again. The spinal cord (脊髓) functions as a high-speed system connecting the brain and the surrounding nerve system. If the spinal cord is damaged, the instructions from the brain telling muscles to move can’t be transported. And patients will possibly lose the ability to move. Nerve injury is impossible to change for the better. There are 3.74 million patients with spinal cord injuries in China, and there are about 90,000 new patients in the country each year. So the new device will mean a lot if it is used in hospitals. Last year, a research team from the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne carried out brain-spinal connection research on disabled patients. By collecting and figuring out brain signals and connecting the brain and spinal cord nerve pathways, the team was able to help the patients with spinal cord injuries gain control of their muscles again. However, challenges were in front of researchers, including understanding the exact activity in the brain and encouraging clinical (临床的) application. In response to these problems, Fudan researchers invented a new generation of device. Compared with the Swiss team’s research, which required patients to have three devices in their brain, Fudan research team combined the three devices into a single one. Besides, the new device allows the brain- spinal connection to be exact and fast. Moreover, the new device makes adjustments according to a patient’s movements of their legs. As a result, patients will walk normally like healthy people. Such a device means that in the future, the patients with spinal cord injuries will walk more naturally and smoothly. Jia Fumin, the lead researcher, said that clinical trials are expected to begin at a hospital later this year. 21．What’s the result of the damaged spinal cord? A．The brain stops giving instructions. B．Patients end up losing their balance. C．The movement signals fail to be received. D．Muscles connect with the brains directly. 22．What is one of the difficulties for the Swiss team? A．Helping patients control muscles. B．Lacking fund to support the research. C．Collecting and processing brain signals. D．Understanding the exact brain activity. 23．What can we learn about the new device? A．It is made up of three parts. B．It has been used in hospitals. C．It speeds patients’ movement. D．It makes patients’ natural walking possible. 24．What’s Jia Fumin’s attitude to the new device? A．Positive. B．Curious. C．Uncertain. D．Worried. 【答案】21．C 22．D 23．D 24．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍复旦大学的科学家发明的一个新设备。这种设备有望让那些因为脊髓损伤而卧床的病人重新站立和行走。 21．细节理解题。根据第二段“If the spinal cord is damaged, the instructions from the brain telling muscles to   move can’t be transported. (如果脊髓受损，大脑告诉肌肉运动的指令就无法传递。)”可知，脊髓损伤的结果是身体（肌肉）移动的信号不能被接收。故选C。 22．细节理解题。根据第三段“However, challenges were in front of researchers, including understanding the exact activity in the brain and encouraging clinical (临床的) application. (然而，研究人员面临的挑战包括了解大脑的确切活动和鼓励临床应用。)”可知，瑞士的研究人员面临的困难之一是需要了解大脑的具体活动。故选D。 23．细节理解题。根据第四段“As a result, patients will walk normally like healthy people. (因此，患者将像健康人一样正常行走。)”可知，使用这种新设备的病人将像健康的人那样正常走路。故选D。 24．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Such a device means that in the future, the patients with spinal cord injuries will walk more naturally and smoothly. Jia Fumin, the lead researcher, said that clinical trials are expected to begin at a hospital later this year. (这样的装置意味着在未来，脊髓损伤的患者将会更加自然和平稳地行走。首席研究员加福民表示，临床试验预计将于今年晚些时候在一家医院开始。)”可知，在未来，患有脊髓损伤的病人将行走得更自然和顺畅，该设备有望在医院里开始临床试验，所以可以推测 Jia Fumin对这种设备的态度是积极的。故选A。 Passage 07 （24-25高一上·山东济南·期中）The student arrived early, sat front and center, and stood out in my classroom in more ways than one. I’d say that he was about 40 years older than his classmates in my undergraduate communications class. He hungrily jumped into class discussions, with his humor and wisdom of experience. And he was always respectful of the other students’ perspectives, as if each of them were a teacher. Jerry Valencia walked in with a smile—and he left with one too. “These students gave me the confidence that I didn’t need to feel bad about my age,” Valencia says. One day I spotted Valencia on campus. He said he would have to stop taking classes that semester and reapply for next year. By then, he hoped to have earned enough money and have his student-loan papers in order. He asked seriously whether he could still sit in on my communications class. Sure, I said. But he wouldn’t get any credit. No problem, he said. Soon there he was again, back at his old desk, jumping into our discussions on how to find and tell stories in Los Angeles—a 63-year-old man with as much energy and curiosity as any of the youngsters in class. A lot of Valencia’s classmates apparently knew he couldn’t afford that semester’s tuition but was still doing the homework. “Here he is, willingly taking a class for the delight of it and benefit of learning,”says Jessica Espinosa, a 25-year-old junior. Afterward, I overheard Valencia wanted to stay in school until he earned a master’s degree, but it had taken him 12 years to finish community college, so he had a long way to go. There is something splendidly unreasonable about Valencia’s determination to get a four-year degree and then a master’s. At his current pace, he’ll be 90 when he finally hangs all that paper on the wall. But that doesn’t seem especially relevant. He’s found all the youthful energy and academic opportunity stimulating (振奋人心的). Valencia’s grade in my class this semester will not show up on his transcripts (成绩单). But I’m giving him an A—and in the most important ways, it counts. 25．What made Valencia different from his classmates? A．He was respectful to the teacher. B．He activated the class atmosphere. C．He was anxious to learn despite his age. D．He often put forward different opinions. 26．According to the author, why did Valencia continue to attend classes? A．He treasured the chance of learning. B．He wished to show his determination. C．He needed the credits to further his study. D．He desired to have an A on his transcripts. 27．Which of the following best describes Valencia? A．Powerful and independent. B．Energetic and generous. C．Positive and determined. D．Considerate and knowledgeable. 28．What can we learn from the passage? A．No pains, no gains. B．It is never too old to learn. C．Strike the iron while it is hot. D．Where there is life, there is hope. 【答案】25．C 26．A 27．C 28．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了一个关于“活到老，学到老”的故事。杰里·瓦伦西亚是一个63岁的大三学生，尽管年龄很大，但他对学习仍然充满热情。在课堂上，他会积极参加讨论，尊重其他同学的观点，很多学生对他的精神充满了敬佩。他并没有足够的钱去支付学费但他仍不放弃，通过工作赚钱，坚持继续完成学业，还要继续读研。 25．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The student arrived early, sat front and center, and stood out in my classroom in more ways than one. I’d say that he was about 40 years older than his classmates in my undergraduate communications class. (这个学生很早就到了，坐在前排和中间，在我的教室里，他在很多方面都很突出。我得说，他比我本科通信课班上的同学大40岁左右。)”、第三段“He said he would have to stop taking classes that semester and reapply for next year. By then, he hoped to have earned enough money and have his student-loan papers in order. He asked seriously whether he could still sit in on my communications class. (他说他那学期将不得不停止上课，并重新申请明年的课程。到那时，他希望能赚到足够的钱，并把学生贷款文件办妥。他严肃地问我是否还能旁听我的通信课。)”、第六段“Soon there he was again, back at his old desk, jumping into our discussions on how to find and tell stories in Los Angeles—a 63-year-old man with as much energy and curiosity as any of the youngsters in class. (很快，他又回来了，回到他的旧桌子旁，加入到我们关于如何在洛杉矶寻找和讲述故事的讨论中——一个63岁的男人，和班上任何一个年轻人一样充满活力和好奇心。)”、第七段“A lot of Valencia’s classmates apparently knew he couldn’t afford that semester’s tuition but was still doing the homework. (瓦伦西亚的很多同学显然知道他付不起那学期的学费，但他仍然在做作业。)”和第七段的“Afterward, I overheard Valencia wanted to stay in school until he earned a master’s degree, but it had taken him 12 years to finish community college, so he had a long way to go. (后来，我无意中听到瓦伦西亚想留在学校直到获得硕士学位，但他花了12年时间才完成社区大学学业，所以他还有很长的路要走。)”可知，瓦伦西亚与他的同学的不同之处在于：尽管他年纪大了，但他渴望学习。故选C项。 26．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“A lot of Valencia’s classmates apparently knew he couldn’t afford that semester’s tuition but was still doing the homework. “Here he is, willingly taking a class for the delight of it and benefit of learning,” says Jessica Espinosa, a 25-year-old junior. (瓦伦西亚的许多同学显然知道他付不起那学期的学费，但他仍在做作业。25岁的大三学生杰西卡·埃斯皮诺萨说：“他来了，为了学习的乐趣和益处，他很乐意去上课。”)”可知，瓦伦西亚继续上课是因为他得到了学习的乐趣，珍惜学习的机会。故选A项。 27．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“He hungrily jumped into class discussions, with his humor and wisdom of experience. (他以幽默和经验智慧，如饥似渴地参加课堂讨论。)”和第七段中的“A lot of Valencia’s classmates apparently knew he couldn’t afford that semester’s tuition but was still doing the homework. “Here he is, willingly taking a class for the delight of it and benefit of learning,”says Jessica Espinosa, a 25-year-old junior. (瓦伦西亚的许多同学显然知道他付不起那学期的学费，但他仍在做作业。25岁的大三学生杰西卡·埃斯皮诺萨说：“他来了，为了学习的乐趣和益处，他很乐意去上课。”)”以及第七段的“Afterward, I overheard Valencia wanted to stay in school until he earned a master’s degree, but it had taken him 12 years to finish community college, so he had a long way to go. (后来，我无意中听到瓦伦西亚想留在学校直到获得硕士学位，但他花了12年时间才完成社区大学学业，所以他还有很长的路要走。)”可知，瓦伦西亚积极参与课堂讨论、即使没钱交学费也要继续上课学习，而且有着坚定的决心要拿到学位，尽管按他的进度要花很长时间也不放弃，所以可以看出他是积极且坚定的。故选C项。 28．主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“The student arrived early, sat front and center, and stood out in my classroom in more ways than one. I’d say that he was about 40 years older than his classmates in my undergraduate communications class. (这个学生很早就到了，坐在前排和中间，在我的教室里，他在很多方面都很突出。我得说，他比我本科通信课班上的同学大40岁左右。)”和第七段的“Afterward, I overheard Valencia wanted to stay in school until he earned a master’s degree, but it had taken him 12 years to finish community college, so he had a long way to go. (后来，我无意中听到瓦伦西亚想留在学校直到获得硕士学位，但他花了12年时间才完成社区大学学业，所以他还有很长的路要走。)”可知，杰里·瓦伦西亚是一个比班上的同学大40岁左右的学生，尽管年龄很大，但他对学习仍然充满热情。在课堂上，他会积极参加讨论。他没有足够的钱去支付学费但他仍不放弃，通过工作赚钱，坚持继续完成学业，还要继续读研。可得出这篇文章主要告诉我们“It is never too old to learn. (活到老，学到老。)”的道理。故选B项。 Passage 08 （24-25高一上·山东聊城·期中）Sometimes it seems anti-pollution and recycling efforts are a long road to nowhere. That’s how engineer Toby McCartney felt until visiting India in 2016. While on the trip, he worked with a group filling holes on roads by combining waste plastics, diesel (柴油) fuel, and fire. Plastic has been used to construct roads in India since the turn of the century—and McCartney realized the idea could be applied to road construction in other countries, “to solve two world problems: plastic waste, and on the other side the poor quality of roads we have to drive on today.” Upon returning home to Scotland, he started experimenting, melting down various combinations of consumer plastics on his kitchen stove (炉子). After going through over 500 different combinations of waste plastics, he found materials that worked and founded a company named MacRebur to start building their plastic-improved roads. In MacRebur, waste plastics are broken down into small pieces and replace 20% of the oil-based bitumen (沥青) that is used on traditional roads. More importantly, the mixed material is up to 60% stronger, up to three times longer-lasting, and has huge environmental benefits. According to McCartney, each mile of road laid with his company’s product uses almost 1.2 million single-use plastic bags or 80,000 plastic bottles. McCartney is sure that plastics in roads will not wash back into our rivers and oceans when it rains. Since the plastic is safely sandwiched between stone and bitumen, it can’t easily reenter the environment. “All our plastics are heated to 180℃,” says McCartney. “They then fully coalesce with the remaining bitumen in the road, so there is no micro-plastic present in any of our roads.” “At the end of the day plastic is a great product,” McCartney says. “It lasts long, which is a problem if it’s a waste product, but not a problem if we want it to last.” 29．What do we know about McCartney during his stay in India? A．He got some inspiration over work. B．He taught the locals to fill road holes. C．He was disappointed at terrible roads. D．He witnessed serious plastic pollution. 30．What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about concerning MacRebur’s product? A．Its composition. B．Its production procedures. C．Its advantages. D．Its possible applications. 31．What does the underlined word “coalesce” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Mix. B．Deal. C．Compare. D．Compete. 32．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Plastics Lead to Significant Cost Savings B．Old Indian Roads will be the Best Choice C．Engineer Invents New Plastic that Lasts Longer D．Waste Plastics may Build the Roads of Future 【答案】29．A 30．C 31．A 32．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了工程师托比·麦卡特尼在研究了500多种不同的废塑料组合后，他们找到了有效的材料，并成立了一家名为MacRebur的公司，开始建造塑料增强公路。 29．细节理解题。根据第一段“Plastic has been used to construct roads in India since the turn of the century—and McCartney realized the idea could be applied to road construction in other countries, “to solve two world problems: plastic waste, and on the other side the poor quality of roads we have to drive on today.”(自世纪之交以来，塑料就被用于印度的道路建设，麦卡特尼意识到这个想法可以应用到其他国家的道路建设中，“解决两个世界问题：塑料垃圾，另一方面是我们今天行驶的道路质量差。”)”可知，麦卡特尼从印度之行中获得了灵感。故选A。 30．主旨大意题。根据第三段“In MacRebur, waste plastics are broken down into small pieces and replace 20% of the oil-based bitumen (沥青) that is used on traditional roads. More importantly, the mixed material is up to 60% stronger, up to three times longer-lasting, and has huge environmental benefits. According to McCartney, each mile of road laid with his company’s product uses almost 1.2 million single-use plastic bags or 80,000 plastic bottles.(在MacRebur，废塑料被分解成小块，取代了传统道路上使用的20%的油基沥青。更重要的是，混合材料的强度提高了60%，使用寿命延长了三倍，并且具有巨大的环境效益。根据麦卡特尼的说法，每铺设一英里的道路，他的公司的产品使用近120万个一次性塑料袋或8万个塑料瓶)”可知，关于MacRebur的产品，第三段主要讲了其优点。故选C。 31．词句猜测题。根据前文“McCartney is sure that plastics in roads will not wash back into our rivers and oceans when it rains. Since the plastic is safely sandwiched between stone and bitumen, it can’t easily reenter the environment. “All our plastics are heated to 180℃,” says McCartney.(麦卡特尼确信，当下雨时，道路上的塑料不会被冲回河流和海洋。由于塑料被安全地夹在石头和沥青之间，它不容易重新进入环境。“我们所有的塑料都被加热到180℃，”麦卡特尼说)”可知，塑料被安全地夹在石头和沥青之间，所以所有的塑料都被加热到180℃，就是为了和道路中剩余的沥青完全结合，推知coalesce为“结合，混合”之意，和A项意思相近。故选A项。 32．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Plastic has been used to construct roads in India since the turn of the century—and McCartney realized the idea could be applied to road construction in other countries, “to solve two world problems: plastic waste, and on the other side the poor quality of roads we have to drive on today.”(自世纪之交以来，塑料就被用于印度的道路建设，麦卡特尼意识到这个想法可以应用到其他国家的道路建设中，“解决两个世界问题：塑料垃圾，另一方面是我们今天行驶的道路质量差。”)”结合文章主要说明了工程师托比·麦卡特尼在研究了500多种不同的废塑料组合后，他们找到了有效的材料，并成立了一家名为MacRebur的公司，开始建造塑料增强公路。D选项“废弃的塑料可以建造未来的道路”最符合文章标题。故选D。 Passage 09 （24-25高一上·安徽六安·期中）A pilot program in North County is teaching students about nutrition and where their food comes from. The five-week Farm to School program is a partnership between Escondido Union School District and the Farm to Institution Center. It encourages elementary school children to try vegetables they may not have tried before. “I think that understanding just the roots of where our food comes from and how it gets to our table is meaningful,” said Jeremy Lyche, principal of Bernardo Elementary School. “You saw the kids’ excitement today. They love it.” The students in Paul Erickson’s class have been in the program for over a month. “We’ve been doing multiple lessons where we’re learning about and teaching about local farms in our community, as well as some healthier choices like produce(农产品), just getting students to join in farming.” Erickson said. Once a week for the past five weeks, Alexis Anderson from the Farm to Institution Center has been coming by to teach these kids more about farming and what it takes to get fresh produce to their tables. Wednesday was the students’ last session in the program. She said the main takeaway for the kids is learning where their food comes from. “Eat and support local food because it not only benefits their community economically, but also benefits their health and just education overall of knowing what’s available,” Anderson said. After Wednesday’s lesson, the students went to the school garden for a game of bingo to identify the things they’ve learned. One of the goals of the school garden is for the students to try new things. For Escondido Union School District, the ultimate goal for the school garden is for the produce to end up in the cafeteria for the children to eat. But there are some health regulations the district still needs to overcome before that can happen. 33．What is the purpose of the Farm to School program? A．To promote local farms and their products. B．To provide money for school gardens. C．To get students to know the source of food. D．To motivate children to plant vegetables. 34．What does the underlined word “ takeaway” probably mean in Paragraph 4? A．Focus. B．Gain. C．Challenge. D．Inspiration. 35．Which is the benefit of eating locally according to Anderson? A．It supports the local economy. B．It reduces the food waste. C．It lowers food production cost. D．It improves farming skills. 36．What should the school district do to achieve their goal? A．Expand the garden to produce more food. B．Increase the variety of vegetables grown. C．Train more teachers to take part in the program. D．Ensure the produce meets health regulations. 【答案】33．C 34．B 35．A 36．D 【导语】本文是说明文。主要介绍了北县一个试点项目“农场到学校”项目，该项目旨在让学生了解营养和食物的来源。 33．细节理解题。根据第一段“A pilot program in North County is teaching students about nutrition and where their food comes from.(北县的一个试点项目正在教授学生关于营养和食物来源的知识。)”可知，农场到学校项目的目的是让学生了解食物的来源。故选C项。 34．词句猜测题。根据前文“Once a week for the past five weeks, Alexis Anderson from the Farm to Institution Center has been coming by to teach these kids more about farming and what it takes to get fresh produce to their tables. Wednesday was the students’ last session in the program.(在过去的五周里，来自农场到机构中心的亚历克西斯·安德森每周都会来一次，教这些孩子更多关于农业的知识，以及如何将新鲜农产品送到他们的餐桌上。周三是学生们参加该项目的最后一节课)”可知，亚历克西斯·安德森每周都会来一次，教这些孩子更多关于农业的知识，以及如何将新鲜农产品送到他们的餐桌上，所以孩子们的主要收获是了解他们的食物来自哪里，推知takeaway是“收获”之意，和B选项“Gain.(收益)”意思相近。故选B项。 35．细节理解题。根据第五段““Eat and support local food because it not only benefits their community economically, but also benefits their health and just education overall of knowing what’s available,” Anderson said. (安德森说：“吃并支持当地的食物，因为这不仅有利于他们的社区经济，而且有利于他们的健康和了解可用食物的整体教育。”)”可知，吃当地食物的好处是支持当地经济。故选A项。 36．细节理解题。根据最后一段“For Escondido Union School District, the ultimate goal for the school garden is for the produce to end up in the cafeteria for the children to eat. But there are some health regulations the district still needs to overcome before that can happen.(对于Escondido Union School District来说，学校菜园的最终目标是让农产品最终进入食堂，供孩子们食用。但在此之前，该地区仍需要克服一些卫生法规)”可知，学区应该确保农产品符合健康规定才能实现他们的目标。故选D项。 Passage 10 （24-25高一上·山东德州·期中）At a high school in Indiana, a group of students are working on ideas to deal with climate change. One student, Murphy, suggests a large container filled with water that would heat up and produce steam (蒸汽) to power a car. Although the idea has limitations, climate scientist Ben Kravitz appreciates it, saying that steam power, while old, still works. Kravitz developed a lesson with Paul Goddard, a research scientist, and Kirstin Milks, a high school science teacher. The lesson encourages students to think creatively about reducing pollution and solving global warming. Milks believes it’s important for students to not only understand the dangers of climate change but also feel confident to come up with solutions. She says, “These students will lead the future climate work.” The lesson covers the basics of climate change, explaining that burning coal, oil, and gas gives off carbon dioxide (CO2), the main cause of global warming. Kravitz stresses that reducing greenhouse gas emissions (is the only lasting solution, but new technologies, such as wind and solar energy, are needed to make progress. In the meantime, Kravitz and other scientists are exploring ways, such as climate engineering, to reduce the planet’s temperature. Climate engineering includes techniques like reflecting sunlight back into space or removing CO2 from the atmosphere. However, these ways come with risks, such as changing weather systems and rainfall patterns, leading to loss of biodiversity and impacting agriculture. Students are encouraged to think about such challenges when developing their ideas. Through this lesson, Milks hopes to develop in students both awareness and optimism (乐观), showing them that they can play a role in solving global issues. 37．What is Murphy’s idea? A．Design a special car. B．Power cars with steam. C．Discover new energy. D．Make a drinking machine. 38．Why was this lesson developed? A．To equip students for climate action. B．To discuss the benefits of using solar energy. C．To encourage students to stop using coal and gas. D．To explain climate change affects weather systems. 39．What can we know about climate engineering? A．It can absorb the sunlight. B．It can add CO2 to the atmosphere. C．It may enrich the biodiversity. D．It may have effects on agriculture. 40．What is a suitable title for the passage? A．The challenges of climate engineering. B．Students’ contributions to steam power. C．The development of climate-related technologies. D．Students’ creative ideas for a better climate future. 【答案】37．B 38．A 39．D 40．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述印第安纳州的一所高中开设的关于气候变化的课程，该课程鼓励学生创造性地思考减少污染和解决全球变暖问题，向他们展示他们可以在解决全球问题中发挥作用。 37．细节理解题。根据第一段中“One student, Murphy, suggests a large container filled with water that would heat up and produce steam (蒸汽) to power a car.(一位名叫Murphy的学生建议用一个装满水的大容器加热并产生蒸汽来驱动汽车)”可知，Murphy的想法是用蒸汽驱动汽车，故选B。 38．推理判断题。根据第二段中“The lesson encourages students to think creatively about reducing pollution and solving global warming. Milks believes it’s important for students to not only understand the dangers of climate change but also feel confident to come up with solutions.(这门课鼓励学生创造性地思考减少污染和解决全球变暖问题。Milks认为，对学生来说，重要的是不仅要了解气候变化的危险，还要有信心提出解决方案)”可知，开展这门课的目的是为了让学生做好为气候变化采取行动的准备。故选A。 39．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Climate engineering includes techniques like reflecting sunlight back into space or removing CO2 from the atmosphere. However, these ways come with risks, such as changing weather systems and rainfall patterns, leading to loss of biodiversity and impacting agriculture.(气候工程包括将阳光反射回太空或从大气中去除二氧化碳等技术。然而，这些方法也伴随着风险，例如天气系统和降雨模式的变化，导致生物多样性的丧失并影响农业)”可知，气候工程可能对农业有影响，故选D。 40．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第二段中“The lesson encourages students to think creatively about reducing pollution and solving global warming. Milks believes it’s important for students to not only understand the dangers of climate change but also feel confident to come up with solutions. She says, ‘These students will lead the future climate work.’(这门课鼓励学生创造性地思考减少污染和解决全球变暖问题。Milks认为，对学生来说，重要的是不仅要了解气候变化的危险，还要有信心提出解决方案。她说：‘这些学生将领导未来的气候工作。’)”可知，文章主要讲述印第安纳州的一所高中开设的关于气候变化的课程，该课程鼓励学生创造性地思考减少污染和解决全球变暖问题，向他们展示他们可以在解决全球问题中发挥作用，D项“学生对未来气候更有创意的想法”为最佳标题，故选D。 Passage 11 （24-25高一上·四川·期中）Spanish scientist Pilar Bosch has found a way to use bacteria (细菌) to repair 18th-century paintings. Bosch, a microbiologist, tells Reuters she got the idea for the method while considering possibilities for a paper toward her doctoral degree. During this process, she discovered someone else’ s paper that suggested bacteria can be used to repair artworks. At around the same time, Bosch learned that her mother was struggling to find a good method for repairing 18th-century paintings. The paintings sat in Santos Juanes — one of the oldest churches in the city of Valencia. Bosch said her mother, Pilar Roig, mentioned how difficult the repairing process at the church was. One reason was the glue used to remove the paintings from the walls in the 1960s. It was nearly impossible to remove it completely. “My mother had a very difficult problem to solve and I found a paper about bacteria used to clean frescoes in Italy,” Bosch said. A fresco is a kind of painting that often appears across a large wall. Bosch added she decided to write her doctoral paper on the same subject. That was more than ten years ago. Today, she gets to work with her mother on the church repair. They are using the bacteria method to remove glue from artworks. The $4.46 million project is being provided by local organizations. The process involves feeding small amounts of the glue to the bacteria. After a time, the bacteria begins to break down the glue. The mother-daughter team then mixes the bacteria with a natural substance, called a gel, and places it onto the paintings. They say that after about three hours, the gel mixture is removed, leaving the paintings glue-free. Bosch has also used her bacteria removal process in other repairing projects in Italy and Spain. And she is now training other scientists to use a different kind of bacteria to clear walls of painted graffiti. 41．According to Pilar Roig, why was it difficult to restore the paintings at the church? A．It was impossible to use the glue. B．The paintings were too old to restore. C．It was unlikely to fully remove the glue. D．The paintings sat at the oldest church. 42．What can we learn about Bosch’s doctoral paper? A．It was written over ten years ago. B．It was published by local organizations. C．It was one and only rewarding paper. D．It was about using bacteria to protect glue. 43．What does Bosch’s mother probably work on? A．Researching bacteria and medicine. B．Teaching biology in a key university. C．Studying different kinds of artworks. D．Repairing old churches and works of art. 44．What’s the best title of the text? A．Repairing 18th-century Paintings Is Very Difficult B．Different Kinds of Bacteria Have Different Functions C．A Spanish Scientist Writes the Doctoral Paper on Bacteria D．A Spanish Scientist Uses Bacteria to Repair Old Artworks 【答案】41．C 42．A 43．D 44．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一位西班牙微生物学家使用细菌帮助修复古画。 41．细节理解题。根据第四段“One reason was the glue used to remove the paintings from the walls in the 1960s. It was nearly impossible to remove it completely.(其中一个原因是20世纪60年代用于从墙上移除画作的胶水。完全去除它几乎是不可能的)”可知，根据Pilar Roig的说法，修复教堂的壁画非常困难是因为用于从墙上移除画的胶水几乎不可能完全去掉。故选C。 42．推理判断题。根据第六段“Bosch added she decided to write her doctoral paper on the same subject. That was more than ten years ago.(Bosch补充说，她决定写同样主题的博士论文。那是十多年前的事了)”可知，Bosch写博士论文是在十多年前。故选A。 43．推理判断题。根据第三段“At around the same time, Bosch learned that her mother was struggling to find a good method for repairing 18th-century paintings.(大约在同一时间，Bosch得知她的母亲正在努力寻找一种修复18世纪画作的好方法)”以及第六段中的“Today, she gets to work with her mother on the church repair. They are using the bacteria method to remove glue from artworks.(今天，她和她的母亲一起参与教堂的修复工作。她们正在使用细菌法去除艺术品上的胶水)”可推知，Bosch的母亲很可能是从事修复古建筑和艺术品工作的人。故选 D。 44．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Spanish scientist Pilar Bosch has found a way to use bacteria (细菌) to repair 18th-century paintings.(西班牙科学家Pilar Bosch发现了一种利用细菌修复18世纪画作的方法)”并结合全文内容可知，本文主要介绍的是一位西班牙科学家使用细菌帮助修复18世纪的古画。D选项“一位西班牙科学家用细菌修复旧艺术品”最适合作为文章标题。故选D。 Passage 12 （23-24高一上·湖北武汉·期末）Jessica Long, from Baltimore, Maryland, USA is a champion by all definitions of the word. She is one of the world’s most celebrated swimmers. Jessica was the youngest athlete to win a Paralympics (残奥会)medal. But her path to becoming a champion has been anything but easy. Jessica was born in Irkutsk, Russia with a severe and rare disease — fibular hemimelia (悱侧半肢畸形). This means that part of her leg bones was missing or abnormal. Because of that, her young mother placed her in a Russian orphanage (孤儿院), fearing she could not care for Jessica Fortunately, she was adopted by an American family when she was 13 months old. She required 25 different surgeries to help her leg condition. But unfortunately, both of her legs had to be removed when she was just 18 months old. Jessica learned to walk with artificial legs. As a child, she took to sports including gymnastics, cheerleading, ice skating, biking and rock climbing. She began swimming at her grandparents’ house when she was 6. She started competitive swimming about 4 years later. She did really well in swimming. Shortly after she started competing, Jessica was selected as Maryland’s Female Swimmer of the Year with a Disability. Even though Jessica was annoyed with her physical limitations, she was encouraged to enter her first Paralympic Games in Athens, Greece. She won three gold medals in swimming at 12! But she did not rest on her success. Jessica has gone on to win 23 medals for Team USA at the Paralympics! While she began her career out of anger and annoyance, she now has a positive force on a mission to inspire the next generation of Paralympians! Her attitude and growth have been keys to her success. Jessica always believed she could do anything. As she says, “The only disability in life is a negative attitude.” 45．What happened to Jessica when she was a baby? A．She was left in the wild. B．She had her legs cut because of a disease. C．She had 25 operations on her leg. D．She was adopted by a Russian family. 46．When did Jessica begin to receive competitive swimming training? A．At the age of 4. B．At the age of 6. C．At the age of 10. D．At the age of 12. 47．What can we infer about Jessica from the text? A．She has set a good example to Paralympians. B．She has won 23 gold medals in Paralympics. C．She was the youngest athlete in US history. D．She took part in several sports in Paralympics. 48．What does the author want to tell us? A．A common danger causes common action. B．Never hit a man when he is down. C．Nothing is impossible to a determined heart. D．Difficult the first time, easy the second. 【答案】45．B 46．C 47．A 48．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了残疾女孩Jessica Long克服身体限制努力奋斗的故事。 45．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Jessica was born in Irkutsk, Russia with a severe and rare disease — fibular hemimelia (悱侧半肢畸形). (杰西卡出生于俄罗斯伊尔库茨克，患有一种严重而罕见的疾病——腓侧半肢畸形)”和第三段中的“But unfortunately, both of her legs had to be removed when she was just 18 months old. (但不幸的是，在她18个月大的时候，她的双腿都被切除了)”可知，在她18个月大的时候，Jessica的双腿因患病被截肢了。故选B项。 46．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“She began swimming at her grandparents’ house when she was 6. She started competitive swimming about 4 years later. (她6岁时开始在祖父母家游泳。大约4年后，她开始了竞技游泳)”可知，竞技游泳需要接受专业游泳训练，Jessica是在10岁时开始接受专业游泳训练的。故选C项。 47．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“While she began her career out of anger and annoyance, she now has a positive force on a mission to inspire the next generation of Paralympians! (虽然她出于愤怒和烦恼开始了自己的职业生涯，但她现在在激励下一代残奥会运动员的使命上拥有了积极的力量！)”可知，Jessica的事迹鼓舞着一代又一代的残奥运动员们。由此可推知，Jessica是残奥运动员们的榜样。故选A项。 48．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是由文章最后一段“Jessica has gone on to win 23 medals for Team USA at the Paralympics! While she began her career out of anger and annoyance, she now has a positive force on a mission to inspire the next generation of Paralympians! Her attitude and growth have been keys to her success. Jessica always believed she could do anything. As she says, “The only disability in life is a negative attitude.” (Jessica在残奥会上为美国队赢得了23枚奖牌！虽然她在愤怒和烦恼中开始了她的职业生涯，但她现在有了一种积极的力量，她的使命是激励下一代残奥会运动员！她的态度和成长是她成功的关键。Jessica一直相信自己无所不能。正如她所说：“生活中唯一的残疾就是消极的态度。”)”可知，文章讲述了Jessica Long尽管双腿被截肢，但她永不言弃，在残奥会中赢得了游泳金牌的故事。由此可推知，作者想通过本文告诉我们“Nothing is impossible to a determined heart. (世上无难事，只怕有心人)”。故选C项。 Passage 13 （24-25高一上·北京·期中）Jesse Owens, an African-American athlete, faced enormous pressure at the 1936 Olympic Games in Berlin. Despite racial mistreatment present at the Berlin Games, he made history by winning four Olympic gold medals in the 100m, 200m, 4×100m relay, and long jump events — an accomplishment no other Olympian had ever made. His remarkable achievement shattered (粉碎) Adolf Hitler’s plan to prove Aryan (雅利安人的) superiority. While Owens’ accomplishment was unique, he might have lost one of his gold medals had it not been for the advice from an unlikely ally (盟友) — German long jumper Luz Long. During the long jump event, Owens fouled (犯规) on his first two attempts and had only one final chance to qualify for the final. In an act of sportsmanship, Long walked up and suggested Owens change his mark and take off well before the foul line in order to avoid another foul. Following Long’s advice, Owens jumped a distance of 25 feet on his final try to qualify for the final. As it turned out, Owens bagged the gold, setting a new Olympic record(8.06m) while Long grabbed silver(7.87m). The German was the first to congratulate Owens and later walked around the stadium, arm-in-arm with Owens. They even posed together for pictures. It was a classy act of sportsmanship that stayed with Owens for the rest of his life. “It took a lot of courage for him to befriend me. You can melt down all the medals and cups I have and they wouldn’t be a plating on the 24-karat friendship I felt for Luz Long at that moment,” the American said. Owens and Long stayed connected even after the Games. Long lost his life during the Battle of St Pietro later in 1943, but he wrote a touching letter to Owens before he died. In the letter, he begged Owens to find his young son after the war and tell him about his father. Years have passed by but their bond still serves as a strong message, highlighting“ how things can be between men on this earth”, as written in the letter. 49．What challenge did Owens face at the 1936 Olympic Games? A．Having to prove Aryan superiority. B．Being subjected to ill-treatment. C．Strong competition from German athletes. D．Expectation of breaking records in four events. 50．What did Long do to help Owens during the long jump event? A．He fouled on his first two attempts. B．He provided technical advice for Owens. C．He cheered for Owens with great passion. D．He participated in the event alongside Owens. 51．Which of the following can best describe Long? A．Ambitious and professional. B．Smart and confident. C．Tough and devoted. D．Brave and generous. 52．What message does the story of Owens and Long convey? A．Equality is essential for the Olympic Games. B．Death is insignificant in the face of brotherhood. C．The power of friendship bridges racial divides. D．Common goals unite people from diverse backgrounds. 【答案】49．B 50．B 51．D 52．C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了在1936年柏林奥运会上，德国跳远运动员卢兹·朗不顾种族分歧，帮助了美国黑人运动员杰西·欧文斯的故事。 49．细节理解题。根据第一段“Despite racial mistreatment present at the Berlin Games, he made history by winning four Olympic gold medals in the 100m, 200m, 4×100m relay, and long jump events — an accomplishment no other Olympian had ever made. (尽管在柏林奥运会上存在种族歧视，但他在100米、200米、4×100m接力和跳远项目中赢得了四枚奥运金牌，创造了历史——这是其他奥运选手从未取得过的成就)”可知，欧文斯在1936年奥运会上遭受不公平待遇。故选B。 50．细节理解题。根据第二段“In an act of sportsmanship, Long walked up and suggested Owens change his mark and take off well before the foul line in order to avoid another foul.(出于体育精神，朗走上前去，建议欧文斯改变他的标志，在罚球线前换下，以避免再次犯规)”可知，在跳远比赛中，朗为欧文斯提供了技术建议。故选B。 51．推理判断题。根据第三段“As it turned out, Owens bagged the gold, setting a new Olympic record(8.06m) while Long grabbed silver(7.87m). The German was the first to congratulate Owens and later walked around the stadium, arm-in-arm with Owens. They even posed together for pictures. It was a classy act of sportsmanship that stayed with Owens for the rest of his life. “It took a lot of courage for him to befriend me. You can melt down all the medals and cups I have and they wouldn’t be a plating on the 24-karat friendship I felt for Luz Long at that moment,” the American said.(结果，欧文斯以8.06米的成绩获得金牌，创造了新的奥运会纪录，而朗以7.87米的成绩获得银牌。德国人第一个向欧文斯表示祝贺，随后与欧文斯手挽手绕着体育场走了一圈。他们甚至一起摆姿势拍照。这是一种优雅的体育精神，在欧文斯的余生中一直陪伴着他。“他和我做朋友需要很大的勇气。你可以把我所有的奖牌和奖杯都融化掉，但它们无法掩盖我对卢兹·朗那一刻的24k友谊。”)”可知，朗在当时种族分歧的背景下，慷慨帮助了欧文斯，自己只得了银牌，说明他勇敢和慷慨。故选D。 52．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Years have passed by but their bond still serves as a strong message, highlighting“ how things can be between men on this earth”, as written in the letter.(多年过去了，但他们的纽带仍然传递着一个强烈的信息，正如信中所写的那样，突显了“这个世界上男人之间的关系”)”结合文章主要讲述了在1936年柏林奥运会上，德国跳远运动员卢兹·朗不顾种族分歧，帮助了美国黑人运动员杰西·欧文斯的故事。可知，欧文斯和朗的故事告诉我们友谊的力量弥合了种族分歧。故选C。 Passage 14 （24-25高一上·江苏常州·期中）Americans are faced with an “epidemic of loneliness,” according to the surgeon general and dozens of researchers. But according to a pair of new surveys, American loneliness is more complex than that. The typical American, it seems, texts a bunch of people “we should get together!” before watching TikTok alone on the couch and then passing out. That is, Americans have friends. We just never really see them. For a study published in July, Natalie Pennington, a communications professor at Colorado State University, and her co-authors surveyed nearly 6,000 American adults about their friendships. The researchers found that Americans reported having an average of about four or five friends, which is similar to past estimates. Very few respondents — less than 4 percent — reported having no friends. Although most of the respondents were satisfied with the number of friends they had, more than 40 percent felt they were not as emotionally close to their friends as they’d like to be, and a similar number wished they had more time to spend with their friends. Americans feel “that longingness there,” as Pennington put it — “a struggle to figure out how to communicate and connect and make time for” friendship. This difficulty arises, in part, from a shortage of free time. In 2021, older Millennials (千禧一代) — those ages 35 to 44, a group that’s likely to have young kids — had 16 fewer minutes of leisure time each day than similarly aged adults did in 2003, according to Bloomberg’s Justin Fox. They’ve reallocated those minutes to sleep, work, and child care. Because modern friendship requires so much active scheduling of individual friend-dates, people with more resources are now better able to maintain friendships than disadvantaged people. A survey of 6,500 American adults released last month by Cox and one of his colleagues found that college-educated Americans were more likely than those with a high-school degree to host friends and neighbors at their home at least once a month. Maintaining friendships in this atomized(分散的) new world might require lowering expectations. Instead, Goldfarb suggests getting closer to your friends by taking an interest in things they care about, and asking to hang out for small, specific amounts of time. If you’re friends with a new parent, that is, don’t invite them to a bar 30 minutes away. Ask if you can bring over fresh fruit and chat for 20 minutes. “We need our friends to see us,” Goldfarb said. “We need our friends to take all our roles into account.” 53．What does “epidemic of loneliness” in paragraph 1 refer to? A．Fear of being alone. B．Trend of feeling lonely. C．Preference for being alone. D．Physical problems caused by loneliness. 54．What do paragraphs 2-3 mainly talk about? A．People’s choice of their friends. B．Doubt about American adults’ friendships. C．Differences among various kinds of friendships. D．Current situation of American adults’ friendships. 55．According to the last three paragraphs, what can we conclude? A．People aged 35-44 have the fewest friends in life. B．Adults usually have high expectations of their friends. C．People with higher education tend to see their friends more. D．New parents should spend less time on child care to get more friends. 56．Which is the best title for the article? A．The Wonder of Friendship B．The Friendship Paradox C．The Longing for Friendship D．The Friendship Puzzle 【答案】53．B 54．D 55．C 56．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。美国人中间普遍存在“孤独流行病”，虽然他们有朋友，但很少见面。文章分析了这种现象及背后的原因，并给出了维持友谊的建议。 53．词句猜测题。根据第一段中的“The typical American, it seems, texts a bunch of people “we should get together!” before watching TikTok alone on the couch and then passing out. That is, Americans have friends. We just never really see them. (典型的美国人似乎会给一群人发短信“我们应该聚在一起！”然后独自在沙发上看TikTok，然后昏倒。也就是说，美国人有朋友。我们只是从来没有真正见过他们。)”可知，美国人会给朋友发短信，但依旧会独自待着，不会真正见朋友，由此可推测出，epidemic of loneliness指的是感觉孤独的趋势。故选B。 54．主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“The researchers found that Americans reported having an average of about four or five friends, which is similar to past estimates. Very few respondents — less than 4 percent — reported having no friends. (研究人员发现，美国人报告说平均有四五个朋友，这与过去的估计相似。很少有受访者（不到4%）表示没有朋友。)”和第三段中的“Although most of the respondents were satisfied with the number of friends they had, more than 40 percent felt they were not as emotionally close to their friends as they’d like to be, and a similar number wished they had more time to spend with their friends. (尽管大多数受访者对他们拥有的朋友数量感到满意，但超过40%的人觉得他们与朋友的情感关系没有他们想要的那么亲密，同样数量的人希望他们有更多的时间和朋友在一起。)”可知，这两段主要谈论了美国成年人当前的友谊状况。故选D。 55．推理判断题。根据第五段中的“A survey of 6,500 American adults released last month by Cox and one of his colleagues found that college-educated Americans were more likely than those with a high-school degree to host friends and neighbors at their home at least once a month. (Cox和他的一位同事上个月发布了一项针对6500名美国成年人的调查，发现受过大学教育的美国人比高中学历的人更有可能每月至少在家里接待一次朋友和邻居。)”可知，受过大学教育的美国人比高中学历的人更有可能每月至少在家里接待一次朋友和邻居。由此可推测出，接受较高教育的人倾向于更多地与朋友见面。故选C。 56．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中的“That is, Americans have friends. We just never really see them. (也就是说，美国人有朋友。我们只是从来没有真正见过他们。)”可知，本文主要讲述了美国人有朋友但却缺乏联系这种矛盾的现象，由此可推测出，B项“友谊悖论”最适合作本文标题。故选B。 Passage 15 （24-25高一上·浙江·阶段练习）I’m a seventeen-year-old boy preparing for my A Level exams at the end of the year. In the society where my peers (同龄人) and I live, we tend to accept the rat race values. As students, we want to get good grades so that we can get good jobs. I enjoy studying and have consistently received A’s in my classes. There was a year when I finished first in my class in the final exams. It was a great accomplishment. Another one I am pleased with is that I managed to improve the relationship between Mum and Dad. Dad was a successful businessman who was rarely at home. Mum was a housewife who always felt bored and constantly nagged (唠叨) him to let her go to work. Their constant arguing bothered me, so I advised Dad that Mum would be better off with a part-time job. He agreed, and their relationship has improved since then. My most proud achievement, however, is my successful work in the local old folks’ home. My grandparents had raised me since I was a child. I wept (哭泣) bitterly when they died. Unlike many of my classmates, I do not take part in my school's community service to earn points. I enjoy my voluntary work and believe I'm contributing to a worthwhile cause. This is where I can help. I talk to the elderly, assist them with their daily life, and listen to their problems, glory days and the hardships they experienced. Last year, I hosted a successful New Year party for the elderly and they enjoyed a great time. Many expressed a desire to attend another party the following year. When I reflect on my accomplishments, I'm especially proud of my service at the old folks’ home, so I hope to study social work at university and work as a social worker in the future. I wish to be more skilled in attending to the less fortunate as well as find great satisfaction in it, after all. 57．What can be inferred about the author from the first paragraph? A．His good grades got him a good job. B．His views on social values are well known. C．He is content with his scholastic achievements. D．He refuses to compete with his peers fiercely. 58．Which role does the author play in his parents’ relationship? A．A judge. B．A helper. C．A monitor. D．A supporter. 59．What is the greatest accomplishment for the author? A．The work in community service. B．The contribution to volunteering. C．The success in exams. D．The recovery of confidence in life. 60．Why does the author want to major in social work at university? A．To get a well-paid job. B．To make his life more colourful. C．To get himself recognized in the community. D．To better help the less abled. 【答案】57．C 58．B 59．B 60．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的成就不仅表现在学业上，还体现在对家庭关系的处理和做养老院义工中。在养老院的志愿服务不仅让作者能够帮助别人，还给作者带来了极大的满足感。 57．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“I enjoy studying and have consistently received A’s in my classes. There was a year when I finished first in my class in the final exams. It was a great accomplishment.(我喜欢学习，在我的课上一直拿A。有一年，我在期末考试中获得了全班第一名。这是一项伟大的成就。)”可推知，作者对自己的学习成绩很满意。故选C。 58．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Another one I am pleased with is that I managed to improve the relationship between Mum and Dad.(另一件让我高兴的事是我设法改善了爸爸妈妈之间的关系。)”可推知，作者在父母的关系中扮演了一个帮手的角色。故选B。 59．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“My most proud achievement, however, is my successful work in the local old folks’ home.(然而，我最骄傲的成就是我在当地老人院的成功工作。)”可知，对志愿工作的贡献是作者最大的成就。故选B。 60．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“When I reflect on my accomplishments, I’m especially proud of my service at the old folks’ home, so I hope to study social work at university and work as a social worker in the future. I wish to be more skilled in attending to the less fortunate as well as find great satisfaction in it, after all. (当我回顾我的成就时，我特别为我在敬老院的服务感到骄傲，所以我希望在大学学习社会工作，将来做一名社会工作者。毕竟，我希望能更熟练地照顾那些不那么幸运的人，并从中获得巨大的满足感。)”可知，作者想在大学学习社会工作专业是为了更好地帮助弱势群体。故选D。 Passage 16 （24-25高一上·江西抚州·期中）“I played a live action role-playing (LARP) game to experience the culture of the Miao ethnic group. It was so fun!” said a visitor while visiting Qianhu Miao Village, a tourist site that displays an epic about the development of the Miao ethnic group in Guizhou Province. The LARP game, launched by the tourist site, presents the ancient and traditional Miao legends through modern technologies such as 5G and mixed reality (MR), and enables tourists to see virtual scenery and treasures in the physical world with a pair of MR glasses. According to Luo Longbao, head of the marketing department of the company, the village has built a5G platform that offers various types of services. Visitors can search for parking space, scenic spots and recommended routes on the platform. As new information technologies are more and more used in the culture and tourism industry, different 5G intelligent tourism scenarios are appearing in China, such as 5G smart tour guide, 5G virtual reality (虚拟现实) tourism programs, online sightseeing and livestream tourism. These provide richer and newer experiences for visitors. The use of 5G, cloud computing and digital (数码的) twin technologies can strengthen the tourism industry’s ability and better the management of 5G intelligent tourism. Building digital tourist sites not only helps better protect and display cultural relics (遗物) and improve tourist sites’ ability in operation and emergency response, but also further facilitates tourists and improves their satisfaction. Professor Li Xinjian, from Beijing International Studies University, said that the digital ization helps upgrade traditional tourist sites and represents (代表) an unstoppable trend of digital economy contributing to the high-quality development of the tourism industry. And the modernization of tourist sites is necessary. 61．What is the purpose of mentioning the visitor in the first paragraph? A．To lead to the topic. B．To present the author’s view. C．To draw a conclusion. D．To explain the design concept of LARP. 62．How can the 5G platform help tourists? A．Providing the best travel experience. B．Introducing spots in different languages. C．Viewing a brief map of the scenic spot. D．Recommending some tourist attractions. 63．What does the underlined word “scenarios” in paragraph 4 mean? A．Sources. B．Applications. C．Adventures. D．Companies. 64．Which can be a suitable title for the text? A．The Increasing Number of Tourists Brought by 5G. B．The Competition of Travel Companies by Using 5G. C．The Development of Tourism Driven by 5G Technology. D．Tourist Experience in the Miao Village Improved by 5G. 【答案】61．A 62．D 63．B 64．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了5G技术在旅游业中的应用，通过介绍千户苗寨旅游景点的LARP游戏和5G平台，展示了5G技术如何为游客提供更丰富、更新颖的旅游体验，并强调了数字化对旅游业高质量发展的推动作用。 61．推理判断题。根据第一段““I played a live action role-playing (LARP) game to experience the culture of the Miao ethnic group. It was so fun!” said a visitor while visiting Qianhu Miao Village, a tourist site that displays an epic about the development of the Miao ethnic group in Guizhou Province.(“我玩了一个真人角色扮演（LARP）游戏来体验苗族文化。太有趣了！一位游客在参观黔湖苗村时说道。黔湖苗村是一个展示贵州苗族发展史诗的旅游景点)”以及第二段“The LARP game, launched by the tourist site, presents the ancient and traditional Miao legends through modern technologies such as 5G and mixed reality (MR), and enables tourists to see virtual scenery and treasures in the physical world with a pair of MR glasses.(该旅游网站推出的LARP游戏，通过5G和混合现实（MR）等现代技术，呈现了古老而传统的苗族传说，并使游客能够通过一副MR眼镜看到物理世界中的虚拟风景和宝藏)”可知，通过一位游客的亲身经历和感受，引出了文章的主题——5G技术在旅游业中的应用，特别是通过LARP游戏让游客体验苗族文化。故选A项。 62．细节理解题。根据第三段“According to Luo Longbao, head of the marketing department of the company, the village has built a5G platform that offers various types of services. Visitors can search for parking space, scenic spots and recommended routes on the platform.(据该公司营销部门负责人罗龙宝介绍，该村已经建立了一个5G平台，提供各种类型的服务。游客可以在站台上搜索停车位、景点和推荐路线)”可知，5G平台可以推荐一些旅游景点。故选D项。 63．词句猜测题。根据前文“As new information technologies are more and more used in the culture and tourism industry(随着新的信息技术越来越多地应用于文化和旅游行业)”以及后文的举例“such as 5G smart tour guide, 5G virtual reality (虚拟现实) tourism programs, online sightseeing and livestream tourism.(5G智能导游、5G虚拟现实旅游项目、在线观光和直播旅游)”可知，此处列举的“5G智能导游、5G虚拟现实旅游项目、在线观光和直播旅游”都是5G技术在旅游业中的应用，所以scenarios在此处的意思是“应用”，和B项意思相近。故选B项。 64．主旨大意题。根据第四段“As new information technologies are more and more used in the culture and tourism industry, different 5G intelligent tourism scenarios are appearing in China, such as 5G smart tour guide, 5G virtual reality (虚拟现实) tourism programs, online sightseeing and livestream tourism. These provide richer and newer experiences for visitors. The use of 5G, cloud computing and digital (数码的) twin technologies can strengthen the tourism industry’s ability and better the management of 5G intelligent tourism.(随着新的信息技术越来越多地应用于文化和旅游行业，5G智能导游、5G虚拟现实旅游项目、在线观光和直播旅游等不同的5G智能旅游场景正在中国出现。这些为游客提供了更丰富、更新的体验。利用5G、云计算和数字孪生技术，可以增强旅游行业的能力，更好地管理5G智能旅游)”以及纵观全文可知，文章主要介绍了5G技术在旅游业中的应用，通过介绍千户苗寨旅游景点的LARP游戏和5G平台，展示了5G技术如何为游客提供更丰富、更新颖的旅游体验，并强调了数字化对旅游业高质量发展的推动作用。所以选项C“5G技术推动旅游业的发展”可以作为这篇文章的合适标题。故选C项。 Passage 17 （23-24高一上·湖北武汉·期末）In recent years, towns across Italy have been racing to launch plans aimed at attracting new residents (居民) to revive the towns. From deserted homes selling for a euro, to ready-to-occupy houses at low prices, there has been a tendency (趋势) for competition. The picturesque town of Presicce is the latest to enter the game with a very alluring offer. Officials say they will pay people up to 30,000 euros to buy an empty house and take up residency. Even better, the houses for sale as part of the deal are priced around 25,000 euros. The cash motivation is expected to breathe new life into the depopulating town, where newborns are fewer each year. The history of Presicce dates back to the Middle Ages, developing quickly during the Renaissance (文艺复兴) as a place known for its fine wine, cheeses and cattle trade. It gains a name as a “town of green gold” for green olive trees and olive oil. Its location is extremely good, surrounded by the nature of the Salento area and close to beautiful beaches and clear waters of Santa Maria di Leuca. “There are many empty homes in the historical center built before 1991 which we would like to see alive again with new residents,” says local spokesman Alfredo Palese. “It is a pity seeing how our old districts full of history, wonderful architecture and art are slowly emptying.” According to Palese, a 2019 merger (合并) with the nearby town Acquarica to create the larger town Presicce-Acquarica has provided them with extra money to ensure the project can continue for years to come. “After the merger as per Italian law, our wider territory (领土) will be blessed with more public funds, about 1,000,000 euros per year for several years forward, which we intend to invest to renew the old district,” says Palese. The town hall has already launched other plans to attract more residents, including tax benefits to set up new business activities and baby bonuses for families with kids. 65．What problem do many Italian towns face? A．Economic issue. B．Rising business competition. C．Population reduction. D．Poor housing market. 66．What does the underlined word “alluring” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Attractive. B．Conditional. C．Official. D．Reasonable. 67．What’s the author’s purpose of writing paragraph 3? A．To show Presicce’s past glory. B．To introduce Presicce’s traditional culture. C．To advertise a historical town. D．To stress the importance of reviving Presicce. 68．Why did Presicce and Acquarica merge in 2019? A．To create wider territory. B．To follow Italian law. C．To attract more investment. D．To gain more funds. 【答案】65．C 66．A 67．D 68．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了意大利各地的城镇都在竞相推出旨在吸引新居民来振兴城镇的计划。 65．推理判断题。根据第一段中“In recent years, towns across Italy have been racing to launch plans aimed at attracting new residents (居民) to revive the towns.(近年来，意大利各地的城镇都在竞相推出旨在吸引新居民的计划，以振兴城镇)”和第二段中“The cash motivation is expected to breathe new life into the depopulating town, where newborns are fewer each year.(现金激励有望给这个人口不断减少的小镇带来新的生机，这里的新生儿每年都在减少。)”可推知，许多意大利城镇面临人口减少的问题。故选C项。 66．词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Officials say they will pay people up to 30,000 euros to buy an empty house and take up residency.  Even better, the houses for sale as part of the deal are priced around 25,000 euros. The cash motivation is expected to breathe new life into the depopulating town, where newborns are fewer each year.( 官员们表示，他们将向购买空房子并居住的人支付高达3万欧元的费用。更妙的是，作为交易的一部分，待售房屋的价格在2.5万欧元左右。现金激励有望给这个人口不断减少的小镇带来新的生机，这里的新生儿每年都在减少。)”可知，能够以更低的价格购买房并且购买房子后还可以得到一笔费用，由此可知，这是一个非常诱人的条件。故可猜测划线单词alluring为“诱人的，有吸引力的”意思，和A选项Attractive“有吸引力的”意思一致。故选A项。 67．推理判断题。根据第三段“The history of Presicce dates back to the Middle Ages, developing quickly during the Renaissance (文艺复兴) as a place known for its fine wine, cheeses and cattle trade. It gains a name as a “town of green gold” for green olive trees and olive oil. Its location is extremely good, surrounded by the nature of the Salento area and close to beautiful beaches and clear waters of Santa Maria di Leuca. “There are many empty homes in the historical center built before 1991 which we would like to see alive again with new residents,” says local spokesman Alfredo Palese. “It is a pity seeing how our old districts full of history, wonderful architecture and art are slowly emptying.”(普雷西塞的历史可以追溯到中世纪，在文艺复兴时期迅速发展，成为一个以优质葡萄酒、奶酪和牲畜贸易而闻名的地方。它因绿油油的橄榄树和橄榄油而被称为“绿色黄金之城”。它的位置非常好，被萨伦托地区的自然环境所包围，靠近美丽的海滩和圣玛丽亚迪卢卡的清澈海水。当地发言人Alfredo Palese说：“在1991年之前建造的历史中心有许多空置的房屋，我们希望看到新居民重新活跃起来。”“看到我们那些充满历史、奇妙建筑和艺术的老城区正在慢慢清空，真是太遗憾了。”)”可推知，作者写第三段的目的是强调振兴经济的重要性。故选D项。 68．细节理解题。根据第四段中“According to Palese, a 2019 merger (合并) with the nearby town Acquarica to create the larger town Presicce-Acquarica has provided them with extra money to ensure the project can continue for years to come.(根据Palese的说法，2019年与附近的小镇Acquarica合并，创建了更大的小镇presicice-Acquarica，为他们提供了额外的资金，以确保该项目可以在未来几年继续进行。)”可知，Presicce和Acquica在2019年合并是为了获得更多的资金。故选D项。 Passage 18 （23-24高一上·黑龙江哈尔滨·期中）Two friends have an argument that breaks up their friendship forever, even though neither one can remember how the whole thing got started Such sad events happen over and over in high schools across the country. In fact, according to an official report on youth violence (暴力),“In our country today, the greatest threat to the lives of children and teenagers is not disease or hunger or abandonment, but the terrible reality of violence”. Considering this, why aren’t students taught to manage conflict the way they are taught to solve math problems, drive cars, or stay physically fit? First of all, students need to realize that conflict is unavoidable. A report on violence among middle school and high school students shows that most violent incidents between students begin with a relatively unimportant insult (侮辱). For example, a fight could start over the fact that one student eats a peanut butter sandwich each lunchtime. Laughter over the sandwich can lead to insults, which in tum can lead to violence. The problem isn’t in the sandwich, but in the way students deal with the conflict. Once students recognize that conflict is unavoidable, they can practice the golden rule of conflict resolution (解决): stay calm Once the student feels calmer, he or she should choose words that will calm the other person down as well. Rude words, name-calling, and accusation only add fuel to the emotional fire. On the other hand, soft words spoken at a nomal sound level can put out the fire before it explodes out of control. After both sides have calmed down, they can use another key strategy (策略) for conflict resolution: listening. Listening allows the two sides to understand each other. One person should describe his or her side, and the other person should listen without interrupting. Afterward, the listener can ask non-threatening questions to clarify the speaker’s position. Then the two people should change roles. Finally, students need to consider what they are hearing. This doesn’t mean trying to figure out what’s wrong with the other person. It means understanding what the real issue is and what both sides are trying to accomplish. For example, a shouting match over a peanut butter sandwich might happen because one person thinks the other person is unwilling to try new things. Students need to ask themselves questions such as these: How did this start? What do I really want? What am I afraid of? As the issue becomes clearer, the conflict often simply becomes smaller. Even if it doesn’t, careful thought helps both sides figure out a mutual solution. There will always be conflict in schools, but that doesn’t mean there needs to be violence. After students in Atlanta started a conflict resolution program, according to Educators for Social Responsibility, “64 percent of the teachers reported less physical violence in the classroom; 75 percent of the teachers reported an increase in student cooperation; and 92 percent of the students felt better about themselves”. Learning to resolve conflicts can help students deal with friends, teachers, parents, bosses, and coworkers. In that way, conflict resolution is a basic life skill that should be taught in schools across the country. 69．FromParagraph2 we can learn that _______. A．students tend to become angry easily B．a small conflict can lead to violence C．violence is more likely to happen at lunchtime D．the eating habit of a student is often the cause of a fight 70．Why do students need to ask themselves the questions stated in Paragraph 5? A．To find out who is to criticize. B．To get ready to try new things. C．To make clear what the real issue is. D．To figure out how to stop the shouting match. 71．After the conflict resolution program was started in Atlanta, it was found that _______. A．there was a decrease in classroom violence B．the teacher-student relationship greatly improved C．there was less student cooperation in the classroom D．more teachers felt better about themselves in schools 72．What is this article mainly about? A．The lives of school children. B．The cause of arguments in schools. C．How to analyze youth violence. D．How to deal with school conflicts. 【答案】69．B 70．C 71．A 72．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了在学校教授学生如何处理冲突的重要性，并提出了具体的解决策略。 69．推理判断题。根据第二段的“A report on violence among middle school and high school students shows that most violent incidents between students begin with a relatively unimportant insult (侮辱). For example, a fight could start over the fact that one student eats a peanut butter sandwich each lunchtime. Laughter over the sandwich can lead to insults, which in tum can lead to violence.(一份关于中学生和高中生暴力的报告显示，学生之间的大多数暴力事件都始于相对不重要的侮辱。例如，一场争吵可能始于一名学生每天午餐吃花生酱三明治的事实。三明治上的笑声会导致侮辱，而侮辱又会导致暴力)”可推知，一场小的冲突就可能导致暴力。故选B。 70．细节理解题。根据第五段的“Students need to ask themselves questions such as these: How did this start? What do I really want? What am I afraid of? As the issue becomes clearer, the conflict often simply becomes smaller. Even if it doesn’t, careful thought helps both sides figure out a mutual solution.(学生需要问自己这样的问题：这是怎么开始的？我真正想要的是什么？我害怕什么？随着问题变得越来越清楚，冲突往往会变得更小。即使没有，仔细思考也有助于双方找到共同的解决方案)”可知，学生需要问自己的这些问题是为了弄清楚真正的问题是什么，然后找到真正的解决方案。故选C。 71．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“After students in Atlanta started a conflict resolution program, according to Educators for Social Responsibility, “64 percent of the teachers reported less physical violence in the classroom; 75 percent of the teachers reported an increase in student cooperation; and 92 percent of the students felt better about themselves”.(根据社会责任教育者组织的数据，在亚特兰大的学生开始实施冲突解决计划后，“64%的教师表示课堂上的身体暴力减少了；75%的教师表示学生合作有所增加；92%的学生对自己感觉更好”)”可推知，在亚特兰大开始实施冲突解决计划后，发现课堂暴力减少了。故选A。 72．主旨大意题。通读全文，以及第一段的“Considering this, why aren’t students taught to manage conflict the way they are taught to solve math problems, drive cars, or stay physically fit?(考虑到这一点，为什么没有像教学生解决数学问题、开车或保持身体健康那样教他们管理冲突呢？)”以及最后一段的“Learning to resolve conflicts can help students deal with friends, teachers, parents, bosses, and coworkers. In that way, conflict resolution is a basic life skill that should be taught in schools across the country.(学会解决冲突可以帮助学生与朋友、老师、父母、老板和同事相处。通过这种方式，解决冲突是一种基本的生活技能，应该在全国各地的学校教授)”可知，全文围绕着如何在学校教育中教授学生处理冲突的方法展开，强调了冲突解决技能作为基本生活技能的重要性。故选D。 Passage 19 （24-25高一上·重庆·期中）As a young person, I never thought of myself as a sports enthusiast because I was quite clumsy. But there was one thing I enjoyed: running. It felt like I was soaring (翱翔) through the air. Sadly, this changed when I hurt my knee two years ago. I had to stay in bed for two weeks and even walking a short way was hard for me. I was so upset that I cried as I moved to the car for several days. When therapy (治疗，疗法) wasn’t working well for me, I signed up for a hot yoga class for girls, Bikram Yoga to be exact. Starting a yoga practice was truly a blessing because it helped me gain strength in my knees but, most importantly yoga helped me attain a more peaceful state of mind, body and spirit. Since each class was heated to 105°F, every time I stepped foot in the yoga studio, I’d feel a surge (涌起) of negative thoughts come upon me like a big ocean wave. Some of these thoughts were, in the beginning of my practice, so strong that I walked out of the class several times. However, as the months passed by, I noticed that when I didn’t get swayed away (动摇) by my negative thoughts, I could stay in the hot room for longer. After 3-4 months of practising hot yoga, my arms and legs were beginning to get definition. I also woke up with so much more energy than I had before starting my yoga practice and I gradually started shedding the pounds (减轻体重) from my body. Yoga literally made me feel as if I’d taken a shot of energy drink and just gave me that burst that helped my knees heal and made my overall health better. As I saw some of my classmates do poses that looked appealing to me, I started to think maybe I could do them too. Therefore, yoga helped show me that I have no real limitations physically unless I set those limitations myself through eating junk and thinking in negative limiting terms. Also, practising yoga in front of a mirror helped me connect with myself and practising with a group of people really helped me to feel a greater sense of connection with humanity whereas before I didn’t. Overall, this yoga practice has helped me to see I’m part of a bigger picture in life! 73．What once depressed the author terribly according to Paragraph 1? A．Her serious physical disease. B．Her negative thoughts. C．Her failure to find her car. D．Her inability to walk. 74．What difficulty did the author meet while attending each yoga class? A．The temperature was difficult to control in yoga class. B．She was greatly influenced by negative thoughts. C．Lack of confidence prevented the author doing yoga. D．She couldn’t bear the pain the knee injury brought. 75．What can we learn about the author from paragraph 4? A．She did better than her classmates at school. B．Her social circle was widened in the yoga classes. C．She has developed many healthy eating habits. D．Her physical state has acquired a new outlook. 76．What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage? A．To share with readers her experience in taking yoga classes. B．To present the benefits of practising yoga regularly. C．To show readers the necessary skills needed to do yoga. D．To call on readers to sign up for yoga courses. 【答案】73．D 74．B 75．D 76．A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者膝盖受伤导致行动困难，报名瑜伽课程后，整体健康状况变得更好的经历。 73．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Sadly, this changed when I hurt my knee two years ago. I had to stay in bed for two weeks and even walking a short way was hard for me.  I was so upset that I cried as I moved to the car for several days.(遗憾的是，这种情况在我两年前膝盖受伤后改变了。我不得不在床上躺了两个星期，甚至走一小段路对我来说都很困难。我非常难过，连续几天每次走到车旁时都忍不住哭了)”可知，作者不能走路让她极度沮丧。故选D项。 74．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Since each class was heated to 105°F, every time I stepped foot in the yoga studio, I’d feel a surge (涌起) of negative thoughts come upon me like a big ocean wave. Some of these thoughts were, in the beginning of my practice, so strong that I walked out of the class several times. (由于每个班级的温度都被加热到105°F，每次我踏入瑜伽工作室时，都会感到一股负面思绪如大海浪般涌上心头。这些思绪在刚开始练习时非常强烈，以至于我有几次走出了教室)”可知，作者在上瑜伽课时深受消极思想的影响。故选B项。 75．推理判断题。根据第四段中“After 3-4 months of practising hot yoga, my arms and legs were beginning to get definition. I also woke up with so much more energy than I had before starting my yoga practice and I gradually started shedding the pounds (减轻体重) from my body. Yoga literally made me feel as if I’d taken a shot of energy drink and just gave me that burst that helped my knees heal and made my overall health better.(在练习热瑜伽3到4个月后，我的手臂和腿部开始有了线条。与开始练习瑜伽之前相比，我醒来时感到精力充沛得多，并且我逐渐开始减轻体重。瑜伽真的让我感觉像是喝了一杯能量饮料，给了我那一股爆发力，帮助我的膝盖恢复，改善了我的整体健康)”可知，从第4段我们可以了解到作者的身体状况有了新的面貌。故选D项。 76．推理判断题。根据第二段中“When therapy (治疗，疗法) wasn’t working well for me, I signed up for a hot yoga class for girls, Bikram Yoga to be exact. (当治疗对我来说效果不佳时，我报名参加了一个专门为女孩开设的热瑜伽课程，具体来说是比克拉姆瑜伽)”和最后一段中“Overall, this yoga practice has helped me to see I’m part of a bigger picture in life!(总体来说，这种瑜伽练习帮助我认识到自己是生命中更大图景的一部分！)”可知，本文主要讲述了作者上瑜伽课并从中获益的经历，所以作者写这篇文章的目的是与读者分享她上瑜伽课的经历。故选A项。 Passage 20 （24-25高一上·广东广州·期中）Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most likely contributing to fewer injuries. It does, however, have its own problem. Race walkers are conditioned athletes. The longest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50-kilometer race walk, which is about five miles longer than the marathon. But the sport’s rules require that a race walker’s knees stay straight through most of the leg swing (摆动) and one foot remain in contact with the ground at all times. It’s this strange form that makes race walking such an attractive activity, however, says Jaclyn Norberg, an assistant professor of exercise science at Salem State University in Salem, Mass. Like running, race walking is physically demanding. According to most calculations, race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800 calories (卡路里) per hour, which is about twice as many as they would burn walking, although fewer than running, which would probably burn about 1,000 or more calories per hour. However, race walking does not cause as much pressure on the body as running does, Dr. Norberg says. According to her research, runners hit the ground with as much as four times their body weight per step, while race walkers, who do not leave the ground, create only about 1.4 times their body weight with each step. As a result, she says, some of the injuries associated with running, such as runner’s knee, are uncommon among race walkers. But the sport’s strange form does place considerable stress on the ankles and hips, so people with a history of such injuries might want to be careful in doing the sport. In fact, anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first ask a coach or an experienced racer to learn the proper technique, she says. It takes some practice. 77．Why are race walkers conditioned athletes? A．They must run long distances. B．They have to follow special rules. C．They are qualified for the marathon. D．They are good at swinging their legs. 78．What advantage does race walking have over running? A．It’s less challenging physically. B．It’s more popular at the Olympics. C．It’s more effective in body building. D．It’s less likely to cause knee injuries. 79．What is Dr. Norberg’s suggestion for someone trying race walking? A．Doing regular exercises. B．Getting experts’ opinions. C．Having a medical checkup. D．Hiring an experienced coach. 80．Which word best describes the author’s attitude to race walking? A．Doubtful. B．Objective. C．Supportive. D．Worried. 【答案】77．B 78．D 79．B 80．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了竞走相比跑步有诸多的优势，但是之前受过伤的人，要想从事这样运动要谨慎，最好咨询专家的建议。 77．细节理解题。由第二段中的“But the sport’s rules require that a race walker’s knees stay straight through most of the leg swing (摆动) and one foot remain in contact with the ground at all times (但是这项运动的规则要求竞走者的膝盖在摆动腿的大部分时间里保持直线，一只脚在任何时候都要与地面保持接触。)”可知，竞走运动员是需要具备某些条件的运动员，是因为运动员需要遵守特殊的规则。故选B项。 78．细节理解题。由最后一段中的“As a result, she says, some of the injuries associated with running, such as runner’s knee, are uncommon among race walkers. (因此，她说，一些与跑步有关的损伤，比如跑步膝，在竞走者中并不常见)”可知，竞走与跑步相比的优势是不太可能导致膝盖受伤。故选D项。 79．细节理解题。由最后一段中的“In fact, anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first ask a coach or an experienced racer to learn the proper technique, she says. (她说，事实上，任何想尝试竞走的人都应该首先咨询教练或有经验的竞走者，以学习正确的技术)”可知，Dr. Norberg建议想尝试竞走的人征询专家的建议。故选B项。 80．推理判断题。根据第一段“Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most likely contributing to fewer injuries. It does, however, have its own problem. (研究表明，竞走与跑步有许多共同的健身益处，但最有可能减少受伤。然而，它也有自己的问题)”及最后一段内容可知，竞走和跑步一样有很多健身益处，而且它还很少导致受伤。不过，它也有自己的问题。由此判断出作者对于竞走的态度是客观的。故选B项。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$