精品解析：2024年山东省德州市中考英语真题

2024年山东省德州市中考英语试卷 一、听力测试（共5小题; 1～20小题, 每小题1分; 21～25小题, 每小题1分; 共计30分; 每小题约有8秒钟的答题时间） （一）录音中有五个句子, 每个句子听两遍, 然后从每小题A、B、C中选出能对每个句子做出适当反应的答语。（5分） 1. A. We’ll have a good time. B. We planted many trees. C. What a beautiful day! 2. A. Good for you. B. Here it is. C. I’m not sure. 3. A. I’ll be late for class. B. Wait a minute. C. That’s no excuse. 4. A. By taxi. B. On the radio. C. In the dining hall. 5. A. I’ve read them twice. B. Hope you enjoy them. C. Both are about adventure. （二）（3分） 录音中有三个句子, 每个句子对应一幅图片, 每个句子听两遍, 然后选择与句子内容相对应的图片。 A. B. C. 6. ________ 7. ________ 8. ________ （三）录音中有五组对话, 听对话两遍后, 从每小题A、B、C中选出能回答所给问题的正确答案。（5分） 9. What’s the man’s advice? A. Drink some water. B. Take some medicine. C. Keep warm. 10. What’s the relationship between the two speakers? A. Classmates. B. Neighbors. C. Friends. 11. Why was the man stopped by the woman? A. He drove too fast. B. He didn’t notice the sign. C. He overtook the police car. 12. Where did the conversation happen? A. At a shop. B. At a restaurant. C. At a railway station. 13. Which buses should the woman take? A. Bus 8→Bus 5. B. Bus B12→Bus 5. C. Bus B12→Bus B9. （四）（4分） 录音中有一段长对话, 听对话两遍后, 从每小题A、B、C中选出能回答所给问题的正确答案。 听对话, 回答以下各小题。 14. What will the woman do? A. Join in a competition. B. Visit a museum. C. Prepare a report. 15. When will the woman go to Shanghai? A. In July. B. In August. C. In September. 16. Who will go to Shanghai with the woman? A. Her mother. B. Her father. C. Her parents. 17. How will the woman go to Shanghai? A. By plane. B. By train. C. By car. （五）录音中有三小段独白, 听独白两遍后, 根据独白内容, 将信息配对。（3分） 听独白, 回答以下各小题。 1 Shirley 2 Paul 3 Lee A. is an early bird B. will stay indoors C. keeps fit by doing sports （六）听力填表（共1小题; 录音播放前, 你有20秒钟的读题时间）。（10分） 学校新图书馆建成, 图书管理员通过广播介绍借阅卡办理注意事项。请听广播两遍, 根据表格内容提示, 记录相关信息, 完成表格（每空一词）。 How to get a library card Thing to take a one-inch photo with a 1 background, without a hat or 2 . Place to offer information the library office on the 3 floor Time to offer information from 8:00 am to 6:00 pm on 4 . Time to get the card three days after registration（登记） Fee（费用） it’s 5 . 二、阅读理解（共4小题, 每小题2. 5分, 计50分） 阅读下列短文, 然后从每小题A、B、C、D中选出能回答所提问题的最佳答案。 A Study Tour Programmes June 7, 2024 17:14 Founded in 1911, Heshan University (HSU) has a history of 113 years. Thanks to its ideal geographical location on the banks of the Yellow River, HSU has been able to offer excellent study tour programmes since 2000. HSU has three study tour programmes on Chinese Language & Culture, Qilu Folk Customs and Traditional Chinese Art. Among them, the Chinese Language & Culture study tour programme was the first officially put into practice in 2000, four years before the other two programmes. It serves students from all over the world, and especially shows the Chinese culture to foreign students. Here is the information about this programme. Chinese Language & Culture Study Tour Programme Who can join Group of 10 or more students over 14 years old What do we offer Mind the timetable below. Don’t miss the courses. Courses Topics Time Content 1 Chinese language Monday （8:00—20:00） • daily using Chinese including greetings, family, shopping, food and drink, etc. 2 Confucius’s thoughts Tuesday （8:00—16:00） • Confucian culture and historical background 3 landscape (景观) design Thursday （9:00—18:00） • basics about landscape design • enjoying the Chinese garden scenery 4 Chinese cooking Friday （9:00—12:00） • making dumplings 5 Tai Chi Saturday （6:00—7:30） • Tai Chi practice 6 tea culture Saturday （7:30—12:00） • historical renew of Chinese tea culture• tea art 7 tour to the peony (牡丹) gallery Sunday （14:00—16:00） • peony plantation • peony paintings 8 educational ideas of Confucius Sunday （16:00—18:00） • education stories of Confucius • Confucius’s thoughts on education Notes During the stay, you’ re not allowed to go around the university except weekends. How to join 1. Fill out the online application form http://www. hsu. studytour. cn/ 2. Prepare a copy of the ID card or passport. 3. Email the application form and the copy to hsustudyour@163. com. More information Tel: 87662528, Allan Wang Website: http://www. hsu. edu. cn/ 1. How long has HSU offered study tour programmes? A. For 113 years. B. For 24 years. C. For 20 years. D. For 4 years. 2. Which group can join in the programme? A. 5 students from all over the world. B. 8 foreign students. C. 11 students aged 16. D. 20 Chinese students aged 9. 3. In which courses can Confucius’s thoughts be learned? A. Course 1 and Course 8. B. Course 2 and Course 5. C. Course 1 and Course 6. D. Course 2 and Course 8. 4. When can groups for the programme go around the university? A. On Wednesday morning. B. On Thursday morning. C. On Saturday afternoon. D. On Sunday afternoon. 5. How should students know the cost of the programme? A. Find it out in the form. B. Search at http:// www. hsu. studytour. cn/. C. Email to hsu. studytour@163. com. D. Search at http://www. hsu. edu. cn/. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D 4. C 5. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了河山大学（HSU）开设的优秀的研学旅行项目的信息。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据“HSU has been able to offer excellent study tour programmes since 2000”可知，HSU自2000年以来提供游学项目，故已经提供了24年。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Group of 10 or more students over 14 years old”可知，符合条件的是10名或以上的14岁以上学生组成的团体。故选C。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据表格“2 Confucius’s thoughts”和表“8 educational ideas of Confucius”可知，孔子的思想可以在课程2和课程8中学习，故选D。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据“During the stay, you’re not allowed to go around the university except weekends”及表格中5、6、7、8的课程时间安排可知，周六上午及周日下午都有课，除了周末其他时间都不可以在校园里走动，所以团体可以在周六下午在校园里走动。故选C。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Website: http://www. hsu. edu. cn/”可知，学生应该在http://www. hsu. edu. cn/上查询项目费用信息。故选D。 B When Liu Lingli was a child, she first communicated with a hearing-impaired person, her neighbor Mrs Wang. But Liu could not understand what she was trying to express with her gestures (手势) if Wang’s husband didn’t explain it. “Even as a child, I felt loved by her kind gesture, and thought it would be great if she could speak,” Liu said. Later she became a teacher in a special school where some students had the same problem as Wang. It was such a hard job that she was at a loss and thought about giving up at the beginning, but she didn’t as she thought of Wang’s pain on the face. Later, unluckily, Liu’s own 7-month-old son was also found to have the same problem, which shocked but never frightened Liu. Instead of getting her child treated in hospital, she decided to provide treatment for her son by herself after work. Since then, Liu could better understand the families with children like her son and put more efforts to help them live better in society. She started speaking rebuilding training by self-teaching. Thanks to Liu’s tireless efforts, her son and her students showed great improvement and some of them became successful later. Deng Liang, one of Liu’s first students, works now for a State-owned enterprise (企业) in Changsha. “Ms Liu taught me to be kind, optimistic (乐观的) and hard-working to build a better life, which has pushed me forward all these years,” he said. Liu Hanxiang, a famous dancer now, texted Liu Lungli a message thanking her for her efforts. “ Ms Liu, my performance today was a great success. I want to thank you. Without you, I would not have become who I am today.” Liu Lingli burst into tears when she read the message. For her contributions (贡献) to society, Liu Lingli received the award of Person Touching China for 2023. Liu said, “There is still a lot to do to ensure disabled people can find suitable jobs. The media also needs to tell more stories of people with disability who have built successful careers so as to encourage children with disability to improve their lives through learning.” 6. What made Liu Lingli continue the job though it was hard at first? A. Wang’s husband’s explanation. B. Wang’s pain of communication challenges. C. Wang’s kind gesture. D. The students’ problems. 7. What does “then” refer to? A. Being shocked by her son’s problem. B. Getting her son treated in hospital. C. Treating her son by herself. D. Understanding families alike better. 8. Why was Deng Liang mentioned as an example in the passage? A. To show Deng’s efforts. B. To show Deng’s thanks to Liu Lingli. C. To show Lu Lungli’s great efforts to help students. D. To show Liu Lingli’s contributions to society. 9. What’s the purpose of the passage? A. To ensure disabled people to find suitable jobs. B. To tell the stones of successful people with disability. C. To call on people to help Liu Lingli. D. To praise Liu Lingli’s actions of helping the disabled. 10. Which is the best title of the passage? A. Improving lives through learning B. Adding sound to the life of the hearing-impaired C. Loving students as her own children D. Building successful careers by working hard 【答案】6. B 7. C 8. D 9. D 10. B 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了刘玲琍与听障人士之间的故事。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据“It was such a hard job that she was at a loss and thought about giving up at the beginning, but she didn’t as she thought of Wang’s pain on the face”可知，王先生沟通困难时的痛苦让刘玲琍继续这项工作。故选B。 【7题详解】 词义猜测题。根据“Later, unluckily, Liu’s own 7-month-old son was also found to have the same problem, which shocked but never frightened Liu. Instead of getting her child treated in hospital, she decided to provide treatment for her son by herself after work. Since then, Liu could better understand the families with children like her son and put more efforts to help them live better in society”可知，不幸的是，刘自己7个月大的儿子也被发现有同样的问题，这让刘感到震惊，但从未让他害怕，她决定下班后自己给儿子治病，而不是让孩子住院。从那时起，刘可以更好地了解像她儿子这样有孩子的家庭，并更加努力地帮助他们更好地生活在社会中，故此处“then”指的是”自己给儿子治病”。故选C。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Deng Liang, one of Liu’s first students, works now for a State-owned enterprise (企业) in Changsha. ‘Ms Liu taught me to be kind, optimistic (乐观的) and hard-working to build a better life, which has pushed me forward all these years’”可知，邓亮是刘的第一批学生之一，目前在长沙的一家国有企业工作，文中提到邓亮作为例子是为了展示刘对社会的贡献。故选D。 【9题详解】 主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了刘玲琍与听障人士之间的故事，因此这篇文章的目的是表扬刘玲琍帮助残疾人的行为。故选D。 【10题详解】 最佳标题题。本文主要讲述了刘玲琍与听障人士之间的故事，以选项B“为听力受损者的生活增添声音”为标题最合适。故选B。 C Su Bingtian made history becoming the first Chinese male sprinter (短跑运动员) to reach the Olympic 100 m final in 2021. Not only that, he also set a new record with a time of 9. 83 seconds during the semi-finals of the event. This achievement showed his talent and speed on the world stage. Few runners in the world can even come close. Why some people can run very fast while others run more slowly? Genes (基因) play a role, but so do your choices and experiences. One major factor (因素) that influences your ability to run fast is how you are built, including how your muscles (肌肉) work. The human body has more than 600 muscles that work together. These muscles are made up of groups of fibers (纤维). There are two main types. One is mainly fast twitch (快缩肌), used for sprinting and similar sports. The other is mostly slow twitch, used for jogging and some types of sports at low speeds. Fast-twitch muscle fibers are larger. They help your body move quickly and produce serious force. Short﹣distance runners usually have plenty of fast﹣twitch muscle fibers. However, this muscle fiber type also tares quickly, so you can only run a short distance at the top speed. Slow-twitch muscle fibers are smaller and help you run at lower speeds, but with greater endurance. Long-distance runners usually have a lot of these muscles. How much you have of each type of muscle fibers mostly depends on your genes. But exercise can help train those muscles. Physical ability isn’t just about muscle. Your brain plays an important role, too. Your muscles are controlled by your brain. You can teach your body to use the best running techniques. That includes proper posture (姿势), so your body is standing tall. That also includes a proper step forward, so your feet land below you instead of landing too far in front, which can slow you down. Using proper running techniques helps the muscles create more force and work together, which helps you run faster. 11. Which of the following is the characteristic of fast-twitch muscle fibers? A. Larger. B. Smaller. C. Weak to produce power. D. Good for long-distance summers. 12. Which sport is suitable for people with more slow-twitch muscles? A. Sprinting. B. Marathon. C. High jump. D. 110 m hurdles. 13. What does the underlined word “endurance” mean in Paragraph 4? A. The power to last long. B. The state to survive. C. The ability to stay calm. D. The quality to be patient. 14. Which is the best running posture? A. B. C. D. 15. In which magazine can you read the passage? A. Sports World B. Fashion Show C. Mysterious Space D. Healthy Diet 【答案】11. A 12. B 13. A 14. C 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了影响跑步速度的因素，包括基因、肌肉类型（快肌纤维和慢肌纤维）、身体构造以及大脑对运动技巧的控制。通过适当的训练和正确的跑步技术，可以提高跑步速度和效率。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Fast-twitch muscle fibers are larger.可知，快肌纤维的特征是较大，故选A。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据“The other is mostly slow twitch, used for jogging and some types of sports at low speeds.”及“Slow-twitch muscle fibers are smaller and help you run at lower speeds, but with greater endurance. Long-distance runners usually have a lot of these muscles.”可知，慢肌纤维小，耐力较强，适合马拉松等长跑运动，故选B。 【13题详解】 词义猜测题。根据“Slow-twitch muscle fibers are smaller and help you run at lower speeds, but with greater endurance.”可知，慢肌纤维帮助低速持续运动，因此endurance指的是“持久力”，故选A。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据“That includes proper posture, so your body is standing tall. That also includes a proper step forward, so your feet land be low you instead of landing too far in front, which can slow you down.”可知，正确的跑步姿势应为站姿高直，脚刚好落在身体下方，故选C。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了跑步技巧和肌肉类型，属于体育范畴，因此能在体育世界杂志上读这篇文章，故选A。 D You already know why cicadas (蝉) are so unbelievably noisy: males produce the sound to attract females. But do you know some of them appear above ground only every 17 years? There are more than 3, 000 kinds of cicadas, which fall into two types: annual cicadas, which emerge (出现) every year, and periodical (周期) cicadas, which spend most of their lives underground and only emerge once every few years. The 17-year cicada is one of the periodical cicadas with the longest known insect life cycle. Every 17 years, like clockwork, they appear. Shortly after hatching (孵化) from its egg, a 17-year-old cicada nymph (若虫) digs down into the ground, where it spends—as its name suggests—the first 17 years of its life. When it comes out from the ground, it lives only four to six more weeks—just long enough to lay eggs, and the cycle starts all over again. Periodical cicadas don’t spend their years sleeping underground. Instead, they are active in their wingless nymph forms, digging tunnels (隧道). Though not proven, many scientists believe that periodical cicadas have a molecular clock (分子钟) inside their bodies that notes the passing of years through environmental signs. As trees go through their seasonal cycles, the sap (汁) of their roots (根) changes. And when cicada nymphs feed on this sap, they are likely to pick up signs of the passing of time. The 17th trees’ seasonal cycle gives the nymphs their final sign: it’s time to emerge. When the cicada nymphs come out from their underground homes depends on temperature. After their 17 years are up, the cicadas wait for the perfect temperature before making the Journey to the surface—when the soil about 8 inches (20 cm) underground reaches 64°F, or 18°C. This means that cicadas will appear at different times in different parts of the world: the soil in one place may reach the ideal temperature before the soil in another. But once that temperature is reached, all the cicadas in the area will feel it and make the journey to the surface together. When they emerge, the cicadas aren’t yet in their adult form. They’re still nymphs, and they remain so until they molt (蜕皮) for the final time. Once their fresh exoskeletons (外骨骼) have hardened, they take to the trees with their new-found wings, and the males begin their loud mating calls in order to attract females. Then females lay eggs in dry branches. After that, both males and females die. And now we’re back where we started . Newborn cicada nymphs fall or move down from the trees and go into the ground, not to be seen for another 17 years. 16. Which one is TRUE about periodical cicadas? A. All of them make loud noises. B. They emerge every year. C. They hatch underground. D. They have different life-cycle lengths. 17. What may the 17-year cicadas do underground during the first 17 years of their lives? A. Laying eggs. B. Sleeping all the time. C. Hatching from eggs. D. Digging tunnels. 18. How do cicadas know when 17 years have passed according to scientists? A. By feeling the environmental changes. B. By climbing up trees. C. By testing the temperature. D. By getting information from adult cicadas. 19. What decides a cicada’s emergence time? A. The temperature. B. The soil. C. The area where it stays. D. Its exoskeleton. 20. What’s the main idea of the passage? A. Reasons why cicadas are unbelievably noisy. B. Types of periodical cicadas. C. The life cycle of the 17-year cicada. D. Living habits of the 17-year cicada. 【答案】16. D 17. D 18. A 19. A 20. C 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了17年出现一次的周期蝉的生命历程。 【16题详解】 细节理解题。根据“The 17-year cicada is one of the periodical cicadas with the longest known insect life cycle.”可知，周期性蝉有不同的生命周期长度。故选D。 【17题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Periodical cicadas don’t spend their years sleeping underground. Instead, they are active in their wingless nymph forms, digging tunnels.”可知，17年的蝉在它们生命的前17年里会在地下挖隧道。故选D。 【18题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Though not proven, many scientists believe that periodical cicadas have a molecular clock (分子钟) inside their bodies that notes the passing of years through environmental signs.”可知，根据科学家的说法，蝉通过感受环境的变化知道17年过去了。故选A。 【19题详解】 细节理解题。根据“But once that temperature is reached, all the cicadas in the area will feel it and make the journey to the surface together.”可知，温度决定了蝉的出现时间。故选A。 【20题详解】 主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，主要介绍了17年出现一次的周期蝉的生命历程。故选C 三、（共5空, 每空2分, 计10分） 短文还原 Here are some things you may want to think about when designing your stadium. The first step of the invention process is to “think it”. This includes finding a problem you would like to solve, or imagining something you plan to create. ___21___, “What problem does it solve? What sports or events will take place in your stadium? Where will it be located? How will your idea be new and different?” The next step is to “explore it”. You ask: “How have inventors created solutions in the past?” and then carry out research to learn more about the problem they would like to solve, or the idea they would like to create. This is done to understand solutions that may already exist. ___22___. Inventors use drawing as a way to organize their ideas. ___23___ . You can draw your ideas with paper and pencil or use any means of expression that is comfortable for you. Remember! Inventors seldom get it right on the first try. ___24___ Build a model which will show the size, shape and form of your stadium. Now that you have created your 3 D model, take some time to think about how your stadium looks and how it would work for an event. Now it’s time to think about how it would work, and share your idea with others. Ask yourself, “What changes can I make to improve my stadium?” Sharing an idea also happens when you present your idea to others after you have made your final changes. Inventors typically don’t succeed with an invention on the first try. Usually, inventors change their ideas many times before they are finished to make them work better. ___25___, once changes are made. It can take many tries to make your ideas work or look the way you imagined they would. A. To get started you can ask yourself B. Inventors test their inventions again C. Now it is time to see their idea turn into something real D. Once you have created your design, move on to the next step E. It allows inventors to imagine what their invention might look like and how it will work F. They learn from what others have tried and make sure that their solutions are new or different 【答案】21. A 22. F 23. E 24. C 25. B 【解析】 【导语】短文主要介绍了设计体育场时需要考虑的几个步骤。 【21题详解】 根据前文“The first step of the invention process is to ‘think it’. This includes finding a problem you would like to solve, or imagining something you plan to create.”可知，此处说的是要思考并找到需要解决的问题，A项”首先，你可以问自己”符合语境。故选A。 【22题详解】 根据前文“The next step is to ‘explore it’. You ask: ‘How have inventors created solutions in the past?’ and then carry out research to learn more about the problem they would like to solve, or the idea they would like to create.”可知，此处说的是探索已有的解决方案并进行研究，F项“他们从其他人的尝试中学习，并确保他们的解决方案是新的或不同的”符合语境。故选F。 【23题详解】 根据前文“Inventors use drawing as a way to organize their ideas.”可知此处说的是通过绘制草图来组织和表达想法，E项“它允许发明家想象他们的发明可能是什么样子以及它将如何工作”符合语境。故选E。 【24题详解】 根据后文“Build a model which will show the size, shape and form of your stadium. ”可知此处说的是制作模型来展示设计的实际效果，所以C项”现在是时候看到他们的想法变成现实了”符合语境。故选C。 【25题详解】 根据“It can take many tries to make your ideas work or look the way you imagined they would.”可知，此处说的是不断改进和完善设计，B项”发明家再次测试他们的发明”符合语境。故选B。 四、综合填空（共20空, 每空1. 5分, 计30分） A 阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容，从下面方框内所给11个词中选择10个意义相符的词，必要时进行词形变化，填入空白处，每空一词。 it, stone, six, by, easy, how, building, good, against, however, although The Juyongguan Great Wall was built during the Spring and Autumn Period. It was rebuilt and repaired for the ___26___ time in the early Ming Dynasty, which makes it look like what it is today. Recently, a group of scientists from China Agricultural University in Beijing made a study on the Juyongguan Great Wall, and they found an amazing fact. Some parts of the wall were made of ___27___, but some were built of “rammed earth”, which is a mixture of rocks and soil. Usually, rammed earth should be destroyed (破坏) ___28___ by wind and rain over time. ___29___, the fact is not like that. So scientists questioned ___30___ rammed earth managed to survive for such a long time. And now they have found that parts of the wall have been protected ___31___ something called biocrust (生物结皮). This is a thin layer of plant life, including moss (苔藓), lichen (地衣) and other things. The scientists examined a 370-mile-long section of the wall and found that the parts covered in brocrust remained ___32___ than other parts. The scientists took some samples (样本) of the biocrust back to their lab for testing. They found the natural material was actually much stronger ___33___ the rain and wind than the rammed earth. This means that the wall has protected ___34___ well with the biocrust over the years. These findings could be important. ____35____ biocrust may not look attractive, its natural ability to protect things could be a very useful tool. It offers the experts who manage ancient buildings a good way to protect them. 【答案】26. sixth 27. stones 28. easily 29. However 30. how 31. by 32. better 33. against 34. itself 35. Although 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了居庸关长城的历史和科学家们对其建筑材料的研究。 【26题详解】 句意：明朝初年，它进行了第六次重建和修复，这使得它看起来像今天的样子。根据“time in the early Ming Dynasty”以及所给词可知是第六次，用序数词sixth“第六”。故填sixth。 【27题详解】 句意：长城的某些部分是用石头建造的，但有些是用”夯土”建造的，夯土是石头和土壤的混合物。根据“Some parts of the wall were made of”以及所给词可知是由石头建造的，stone“石头”，此处用名词复数。故填stones。 【28题详解】 句意：通常夯土会因风雨侵蚀很容易受到损坏。根据“rammed earth should be destroyed...”以及所给词可知夯土很容易受到损坏，修饰动词用副词easily“容易地”。故填easily。 【29题详解】 句意：然而，事实并非如此。此处和前句是转折关系，用however连接。故填However。 【30题详解】 句意：因此科学家质疑夯土是如何存活如此长时间的。根据“rammed earth managed to survive for such a long time”以及所给词可知质疑夯土是如何存活如此长时间的，how“如何”。故填how。 【31题详解】 句意：现在，他们发现部分墙体已经被一种叫做生物结皮的东西保护起来了。根据“have been protected...something”可知是被一些东西保护起来，用介词by。故填by。 【32题详解】 句意：科学家检查了一段370英里长的城墙，发现被生物结皮覆盖的部分比其他部分更好。根据“the parts covered in brocrust remained...than other parts.”可知被生物结皮覆盖的部分比其他部分更好，用比较级better“更好”。故填better。 【33题详解】 句意：他们发现天然材料实际上比夯土更能抵御风雨。根据“much stronger...the rain and wind than the rammed earth”以及所给词可知是抵御风雨，用介词against。故填against。 【34题详解】 句意：这说明多年来，生物结皮很好地保护了墙体自身。根据“the wall has protected...well with the biocrust over the years.”可知，此处指代墙体自身，用代词it的反身代词itself。故填itself。 【35题详解】 句意：虽然生物结皮看起来并不吸引人，但其天然的保护能力可能是一种非常有用的工具。前后两句是让步关系，用although引导让步状语从句。故填Although。 B sit, get, be, call, continue, know, control, graduate, help, study, happen Lyu Linyou is a scientist who helps protect the environment in Zhangwu County. Zhangwu County ___36___ on the edge of the Horqin sandy land. Sand and dust storms ___37___ a big problem in the past. At one point, 95% of the county was covered in desert land. In 2004, Lyu Linyou ___38___ from college and he was only 24 years old then. The place he started working ___39___ the Provincial Institute (研究院) of Sandy Land Use. He has worked there for 20 years up to now. Nowadays, the institute ___40___ as the Sand Control and Usage Research Institute of the Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences. When Lyu Linyou first came to the county, he didn’t know much about how ___41___ sand. But with the help of his colleagues (同事) and local farmers, he quickly learned how to do it. In order to find the best grass and herbs (草药) for helping the grasslands in Zhangwu Couty grow back, Lyu ___42___ more than 400 different plants till now. He tested them and found more than 50 plants that work really well. To our joy, his work shows how science ___43___ protect the earth and make life better for ever. Because of his hard work, the grasslands in the area ___44___ healthier day by day. “Though I have made great progress, I ____45____ to work hard nonstop to make sure the environment to get better and better,” he said, “And I am sure this will also create new jobs for the people in this area in the future.” 【答案】36. sits 37. were 38. graduated 39. was called 40. is known 41. to control 42. has studied 43. helps 44. are getting 45. will continue 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了科学家吕林友在彰武县保护环境的故事。 【36题详解】 句意：彰武县坐落在科尔沁沙地边缘。根据“Zhangwu County...on the edge of the Horqin sandy land”可知，此处表示地理位置，结合备选词汇，sit符合语境，表示“坐落于”。陈述客观事实一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词用三单。故填sits 【37题详解】 句意：过去沙尘暴是大问题。根据题干可知，此句为主系表结构，空格处应填系动词，主语storms是复数名词，时间状语为“in the past”，时态为一般过去时，系动词应是were。故填were。 【38题详解】 句意：2004年，吕林友大学毕业，当时他只有24岁。根据“from college”可知，此处应选择动词graduate表示“毕业”。时态应为一般过去时。故填graduated。 【39题详解】 句意：他开始工作的地方叫做“省沙地利用研究院”。根据“the Provincial Institute (研究院) of Sandy Land Use”可知，这是他工作单位的名字，应选择动词call“称呼”。主语place和谓语动词call之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。根据“he started working”可知，本句时态为一般过去时，主语place是第三人称单数，被动语态的结构应为was+过去分词。故填was called。 【40题详解】 句意：目前，该研究所被称为辽宁省农业科学院治沙与利用研究所。根据备选词汇know“知道”和后面的介词as可知，此处是固定词组be known as“被称为”。由“Nowadays”可知，时态为一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，系动词用is。故填is known。 【41题详解】 句意：吕林友刚来这个县的时候，对如何控制沙子不太了解。根据“he didn’t know much about how...sand”以及备选词汇可知，此处是指“控制沙子”。how to do sth.“如何做某事”是“疑问词+不定式”的结构作宾语。故填to control。 【42题详解】 句意：为了找到最好的草和草药来帮助彰武县的草原恢复生长，吕至今研究了400多种不同的植物。根据“He tested them and found more than 50 plants that work really well. ”可知，他研究了400多种植物。study“研究”，时间状语是“till now”，时态应为现在完成时，主语是he，现在完成时的结构为has+过去分词。故填has studied。 【43题详解】 句意：令我们高兴的是，他的作品展示了科学如何帮助保护地球，让生活永远更美好。根据“ his work shows how science...protect the earth”可知，此处应选择动词help表示“帮助”。主语science是第三人称单数，时态为一般现在时，谓语动词用三单。故填helps。 【44题详解】 句意：由于他的辛勤工作，该地区的草原日益健康。根据“healthier day by day.”可知，此处应选择动词get表示“变得”。结合时间状语“day by day”可知，时态应为现在进行时，主语是复数名词grasslands，系动词用are。故填are getting。 【45题详解】 句意：虽然我取得了很大的进步，但我会不停地努力工作，确保环境越来越好。根据“Though I have made great progress, I...to work hard”可知，此处应选择动词continue表示“继续”。根据“I have made great progress”可知，将来还会继续努力，用一般将来时，结构为will+动词原形。故填will continue。 五、阅读表达（计10分） 阅读短文，根据题目要求完成各小题。 Often people will do things to anger you. When this happens, it’s not good to react immediately, but after you’ve calmed down, look at the positive (积极的) qualities in that person. I’m not asking you to be a doormat (受气包) or simply look at the positive qualities when someone is being unkind to you. Instead, I’m suggesting that you take a look at the positive qualities in addition to everything else. Here’s an example: Let’s say you’re taking your son or daughter to a basketball game. You’ re in the line and the guy behind you, who is also with his child, starts pushing. You ask him to back off and he gets angry, and perhaps starts shouting. All of this is taking place in front of your child and his child. Finally things calm down. Perhaps you’ re still angry and silently cursing (咒骂) him as you sit in your chair. But can you see anything positive in that person? Most people would say no. But at least he was trying to spend some time with his kid just like you did. You don’t know anything else about the person, but you just find some positıve qualities. Too often we focus only on a person’s negative (消极的) qualities and forget the good things. By looking at the positive, you get your mind to move its attention. It now begins to see things differently and thus (所以) sends a different message and different energy to your sense. This will bring positive situations to you. It’s that old saying:” What goes around comes around. “ You focus on the good things in other people, and other people will see the good things in you and you’ ll attract positive situations in your life. For example: 4. ____46____. When you do this you also let out the anger and unhappiness, thus creating more positive energy. Try doing this with people you know and don’t know. Creating positive energy is important to your success and happiness. Let’s face it. You certainly don’t want negative energy or a negative lifestyle. 46. What should you do when a person anger you according to the passage? _________________________________________________ 47. In the writer’s opinion, what is the positive quality of the guy? _________________________________________________ 48. What is going to happen if you focus on the good things in other people? _________________________________________________ 49. Give an example of “What goes around comes around” which happened in your life. _________________________________________________ 50. Summarize (总结) the passage within 30 words. _________________________________________________ 【答案】46. Calm down and look at the positive qualities in that person. 47. He was trying to spend time with his kid. 48. Other people will see the good things in me and I’ll attract positive situations in my life. 49. Once I helped an elderly person find their way, and later when I was lost, someone helped me in return. 50. The passage discusses how to react calmly, focus on others’ positive qualities, and attract positive energy in life. 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了当他人激怒我们时，理智地关注对方的积极品质，可以让我们的心态变得更积极，从而吸引更多正能量，达到更快乐成功的生活。 【46题详解】 根据第一段“When this happens, it’s not good to react immediately, but after you’ve calmed down, look at the positive qualities in that person.”可知，当别人激怒我们时，我们应冷静下来，关注对方的积极品质。故填Calm down and look at the positive qualities in that person. 【47题详解】 根据“But at least he was trying to spend some time with his kid just like you did.”可知，作者认为那个男士的积极品质是愿意花时间陪孩子。故填He was trying to spend time with his kid. 【48题详解】 根据“You focus on the good things in other people, and other people will see the good things in you and you’ll attract positive situations in your life.”可知，如果关注他人优点，我会吸引更多积极情况。故填Other people will see the good things in me and I’ll attract positive situations in my life. 【49题详解】 主观题，言之有理即可。故填Once I helped an elderly person find their way, and later when I was lost, someone helped me in return. 【50题详解】 根据全文内容可知，本文主要讨论如何应对他人的冒犯，关注对方的积极品质，以吸引更多正能量。故填The passage discusses how to react calmly, focus on others’ positive qualities, and attract positive energy in life. 六、书面表达（共1题, 计20分） 51. 纸袋在生活中被广泛使用。学校英语社团要开展主题调研成果展示活动，请你根据提示写一篇主题为“advantages and disadvantages of paper bags”的演讲稿，从不同角度辩证陈述其优缺点并说明原因，除提示内容外，须各补充一条，并简要概括。 Points Sides & Reasons Conclusion (结论) environment protecting 1. friendly to the environment; recycled easily; 2. ... 1. a waste of wood; cut trees; 2. ... experience of using l. convenient to carry; light and thin; 2. ... 1. not strong enough to hold heavy things; easy to break; 2. ... 要求： 1. 语言通顺，要点齐全，意思连贯，条理清楚，书写规范； 2. 文中不得出现真实的姓名和学校名称； 3. 80～100词，文章开头已给出，不计入总词数。 Good morning, ladies and gentlemen. We’ve done a survey on “advantages and disadvantages of paper bags” and collected different ideas. On the point of environment protecting, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 Good morning, ladies and gentlemen. We’ve done a survey on “advantages and disadvantages of paper bags” and collected different ideas. On the point of environment protecting, they are friendly to the environment and they are recycled easily. They can also be recycled. But they also have disadvantages. To make more paper bags, we need to cut down more forests. They also waste more wood. They are also relatively expensive. In my life, I often carry things in paper bags. They are more convenient to carry. They are also lighter and thinner. When we use them to carry things, it will be more dignified. But sometimes they’re not strong enough to hold heavy things. They are also very easy to break. Of course, if they encounter a lot of water, they can’t hold anything. In conclusion, protecting the environment is the most important. 【解析】 【详解】[总体分析] ① 题材：本文是一篇演讲稿； ② 时态：时态为“一般现在时”； ③ 提示：根据所给提示完成写作，注意标点符号及大小写等问题，不要犯语法错误。注意上下文之间的逻辑关系，语意连贯。 [写作步骤] 第一步，介绍纸袋在环境保护方面的优缺点； 第二步，介绍纸袋在使用体验上的优缺点； 第三步，最后书写小结。 [亮点词汇] ① be friendly to对……友好 ② use sth to do sth使用某物做某事 ③ in conclusion总之 [高分句型] ①When we use them to carry things, it will be more dignified. （when引导的时间状语从句） ② Of course, if they encounter a lot of water, they can’t hold anything.（if引导的条件状语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2024年山东省德州市中考英语试卷 一、听力测试（共5小题; 1～20小题, 每小题1分; 21～25小题, 每小题1分; 共计30分; 每小题约有8秒钟的答题时间） （一）录音中有五个句子, 每个句子听两遍, 然后从每小题A、B、C中选出能对每个句子做出适当反应的答语。（5分） 1. A. We’ll have a good time. B. We planted many trees. C. What a beautiful day! 2. A. Good for you. B. Here it is. C. I’m not sure. 3. A. I’ll be late for class. B. Wait a minute. C. That’s no excuse. 4. A. By taxi. B. On the radio. C. In the dining hall. 5. A. I’ve read them twice. B. Hope you enjoy them. C. Both are about adventure. （二）（3分） 录音中有三个句子, 每个句子对应一幅图片, 每个句子听两遍, 然后选择与句子内容相对应的图片。 A. B. C. 6. ________ 7. ________ 8. ________ （三）录音中有五组对话, 听对话两遍后, 从每小题A、B、C中选出能回答所给问题的正确答案。（5分） 9. What’s the man’s advice? A. Drink some water. B. Take some medicine. C. Keep warm. 10. What’s the relationship between the two speakers? A. Classmates. B. Neighbors. C. Friends. 11. Why was the man stopped by the woman? A. He drove too fast. B. He didn’t notice the sign. C. He overtook the police car. 12. Where did the conversation happen? A. At a shop. B. At a restaurant. C. At a railway station. 13. Which buses should the woman take? A. Bus 8→Bus 5. B. Bus B12→Bus 5. C. Bus B12→Bus B9. （四）（4分） 录音中有一段长对话, 听对话两遍后, 从每小题A、B、C中选出能回答所给问题的正确答案。 听对话, 回答以下各小题。 14. What will the woman do? A. Join in a competition. B. Visit a museum. C. Prepare a report. 15. When will the woman go to Shanghai? A. In July. B. In August. C. In September. 16. Who will go to Shanghai with the woman? A. Her mother. B. Her father. C. Her parents. 17. How will the woman go to Shanghai? A. By plane. B. By train. C. By car. （五）录音中有三小段独白, 听独白两遍后, 根据独白内容, 将信息配对。（3分） 听独白, 回答以下各小题。 1 Shirley 2 Paul 3 Lee A. is an early bird B. will stay indoors C. keeps fit by doing sports （六）听力填表（共1小题; 录音播放前, 你有20秒钟的读题时间）。（10分） 学校新图书馆建成, 图书管理员通过广播介绍借阅卡办理注意事项。请听广播两遍, 根据表格内容提示, 记录相关信息, 完成表格（每空一词）。 How to get a library card Thing to take a one-inch photo with a 1 background, without a hat or 2 . Place to offer information the library office on the 3 floor Time to offer information from 8:00 am to 6:00 pm on 4 . Time to get the card three days after registration（登记） Fee（费用） it’s 5 . 二、阅读理解（共4小题, 每小题2. 5分, 计50分） 阅读下列短文, 然后从每小题A、B、C、D中选出能回答所提问题的最佳答案。 A Study Tour Programmes June 7, 2024 17:14 Founded in 1911, Heshan University (HSU) has a history of 113 years. Thanks to its ideal geographical location on the banks of the Yellow River, HSU has been able to offer excellent study tour programmes since 2000. HSU has three study tour programmes on Chinese Language & Culture, Qilu Folk Customs and Traditional Chinese Art. Among them, the Chinese Language & Culture study tour programme was the first officially put into practice in 2000, four years before the other two programmes. It serves students from all over the world, and especially shows the Chinese culture to foreign students. Here is the information about this programme. Chinese Language & Culture Study Tour Programme Who can join Group of 10 or more students over 14 years old What do we offer Mind the timetable below. Don’t miss the courses. Courses Topics Time Content 1 Chinese language Monday （8:00—20:00） • daily using Chinese including greetings, family, shopping, food and drink, etc. 2 Confucius’s thoughts Tuesday （8:00—16:00） • Confucian culture and historical background 3 landscape (景观) design Thursday （9:00—18:00） • basics about landscape design • enjoying the Chinese garden scenery 4 Chinese cooking Friday （9:00—12:00） • making dumplings 5 Tai Chi Saturday （6:00—7:30） • Tai Chi practice 6 tea culture Saturday （7:30—12:00） • historical renew of Chinese tea culture• tea art 7 tour to the peony (牡丹) gallery Sunday （14:00—16:00） • peony plantation • peony paintings 8 educational ideas of Confucius Sunday （16:00—18:00） • education stories of Confucius • Confucius’s thoughts on education Notes During the stay, you’ re not allowed to go around the university except weekends. How to join 1. Fill out the online application form http://www. hsu. studytour. cn/ 2. Prepare a copy of the ID card or passport. 3. Email the application form and the copy to hsustudyour@163. com. More information Tel: 87662528, Allan Wang Website: http://www. hsu. edu. cn/ 1. How long has HSU offered study tour programmes? A. For 113 years. B. For 24 years. C. For 20 years. D. For 4 years. 2. Which group can join in the programme? A. 5 students from all over the world. B. 8 foreign students. C. 11 students aged 16. D. 20 Chinese students aged 9. 3. In which courses can Confucius’s thoughts be learned? A. Course 1 and Course 8. B. Course 2 and Course 5. C. Course 1 and Course 6. D. Course 2 and Course 8. 4. When can groups for the programme go around the university? A. On Wednesday morning. B. On Thursday morning. C. On Saturday afternoon. D. On Sunday afternoon. 5. How should students know the cost of the programme? A. Find it out in the form. B. Search at http:// www. hsu. studytour. cn/. C. Email to hsu. studytour@163. com. D. Search at http://www. hsu. edu. cn/. B When Liu Lingli was a child, she first communicated with a hearing-impaired person, her neighbor Mrs Wang. But Liu could not understand what she was trying to express with her gestures (手势) if Wang’s husband didn’t explain it. “Even as a child, I felt loved by her kind gesture, and thought it would be great if she could speak,” Liu said. Later she became a teacher in a special school where some students had the same problem as Wang. It was such a hard job that she was at a loss and thought about giving up at the beginning, but she didn’t as she thought of Wang’s pain on the face. Later, unluckily, Liu’s own 7-month-old son was also found to have the same problem, which shocked but never frightened Liu. Instead of getting her child treated in hospital, she decided to provide treatment for her son by herself after work. Since then, Liu could better understand the families with children like her son and put more efforts to help them live better in society. She started speaking rebuilding training by self-teaching. Thanks to Liu’s tireless efforts, her son and her students showed great improvement and some of them became successful later. Deng Liang, one of Liu’s first students, works now for a State-owned enterprise (企业) in Changsha. “Ms Liu taught me to be kind, optimistic (乐观的) and hard-working to build a better life, which has pushed me forward all these years,” he said. Liu Hanxiang, a famous dancer now, texted Liu Lungli a message thanking her for her efforts. “ Ms Liu, my performance today was a great success. I want to thank you. Without you, I would not have become who I am today.” Liu Lingli burst into tears when she read the message. For her contributions (贡献) to society, Liu Lingli received the award of Person Touching China for 2023. Liu said, “There is still a lot to do to ensure disabled people can find suitable jobs. The media also needs to tell more stories of people with disability who have built successful careers so as to encourage children with disability to improve their lives through learning.” 6. What made Liu Lingli continue the job though it was hard at first? A. Wang’s husband’s explanation. B. Wang’s pain of communication challenges. C. Wang’s kind gesture. D. The students’ problems. 7. What does “then” refer to? A. Being shocked by her son’s problem. B. Getting her son treated in hospital. C. Treating her son by herself. D. Understanding families alike better. 8. Why was Deng Liang mentioned as an example in the passage? A. To show Deng’s efforts. B. To show Deng’s thanks to Liu Lingli. C. To show Lu Lungli’s great efforts to help students. D. To show Liu Lingli’s contributions to society. 9. What’s the purpose of the passage? A. To ensure disabled people to find suitable jobs. B. To tell the stones of successful people with disability. C. To call on people to help Liu Lingli. D. To praise Liu Lingli’s actions of helping the disabled. 10. Which is the best title of the passage? A. Improving lives through learning B. Adding sound to the life of the hearing-impaired C. Loving students as her own children D. Building successful careers by working hard C Su Bingtian made history becoming the first Chinese male sprinter (短跑运动员) to reach the Olympic 100 m final in 2021. Not only that, he also set a new record with a time of 9. 83 seconds during the semi-finals of the event. This achievement showed his talent and speed on the world stage. Few runners in the world can even come close. Why some people can run very fast while others run more slowly? Genes (基因) play a role, but so do your choices and experiences. One major factor (因素) that influences your ability to run fast is how you are built, including how your muscles (肌肉) work. The human body has more than 600 muscles that work together. These muscles are made up of groups of fibers (纤维). There are two main types. One is mainly fast twitch (快缩肌), used for sprinting and similar sports. The other is mostly slow twitch, used for jogging and some types of sports at low speeds. Fast-twitch muscle fibers are larger. They help your body move quickly and produce serious force. Short﹣distance runners usually have plenty of fast﹣twitch muscle fibers. However, this muscle fiber type also tares quickly, so you can only run a short distance at the top speed. Slow-twitch muscle fibers are smaller and help you run at lower speeds, but with greater endurance. Long-distance runners usually have a lot of these muscles. How much you have of each type of muscle fibers mostly depends on your genes. But exercise can help train those muscles. Physical ability isn’t just about muscle. Your brain plays an important role, too. Your muscles are controlled by your brain. You can teach your body to use the best running techniques. That includes proper posture (姿势), so your body is standing tall. That also includes a proper step forward, so your feet land below you instead of landing too far in front, which can slow you down. Using proper running techniques helps the muscles create more force and work together, which helps you run faster. 11. Which of the following is the characteristic of fast-twitch muscle fibers? A. Larger. B. Smaller. C. Weak to produce power. D. Good for long-distance summers. 12. Which sport is suitable for people with more slow-twitch muscles? A. Sprinting. B. Marathon. C. High jump. D. 110 m hurdles. 13. What does the underlined word “endurance” mean in Paragraph 4? A. The power to last long. B. The state to survive. C. The ability to stay calm. D. The quality to be patient. 14. Which is the best running posture? A. B. C. D. 15. In which magazine can you read the passage? A. Sports World B. Fashion Show C. Mysterious Space D. Healthy Diet D You already know why cicadas (蝉) are so unbelievably noisy: males produce the sound to attract females. But do you know some of them appear above ground only every 17 years? There are more than 3, 000 kinds of cicadas, which fall into two types: annual cicadas, which emerge (出现) every year, and periodical (周期) cicadas, which spend most of their lives underground and only emerge once every few years. The 17-year cicada is one of the periodical cicadas with the longest known insect life cycle. Every 17 years, like clockwork, they appear. Shortly after hatching (孵化) from its egg, a 17-year-old cicada nymph (若虫) digs down into the ground, where it spends—as its name suggests—the first 17 years of its life. When it comes out from the ground, it lives only four to six more weeks—just long enough to lay eggs, and the cycle starts all over again. Periodical cicadas don’t spend their years sleeping underground. Instead, they are active in their wingless nymph forms, digging tunnels (隧道). Though not proven, many scientists believe that periodical cicadas have a molecular clock (分子钟) inside their bodies that notes the passing of years through environmental signs. As trees go through their seasonal cycles, the sap (汁) of their roots (根) changes. And when cicada nymphs feed on this sap, they are likely to pick up signs of the passing of time. The 17th trees’ seasonal cycle gives the nymphs their final sign: it’s time to emerge. When the cicada nymphs come out from their underground homes depends on temperature. After their 17 years are up, the cicadas wait for the perfect temperature before making the Journey to the surface—when the soil about 8 inches (20 cm) underground reaches 64°F, or 18°C. This means that cicadas will appear at different times in different parts of the world: the soil in one place may reach the ideal temperature before the soil in another. But once that temperature is reached, all the cicadas in the area will feel it and make the journey to the surface together. When they emerge, the cicadas aren’t yet in their adult form. They’re still nymphs, and they remain so until they molt (蜕皮) for the final time. Once their fresh exoskeletons (外骨骼) have hardened, they take to the trees with their new-found wings, and the males begin their loud mating calls in order to attract females. Then females lay eggs in dry branches. After that, both males and females die. And now we’re back where we started . Newborn cicada nymphs fall or move down from the trees and go into the ground, not to be seen for another 17 years. 16. Which one is TRUE about periodical cicadas? A. All of them make loud noises. B. They emerge every year. C. They hatch underground. D. They have different life-cycle lengths. 17. What may the 17-year cicadas do underground during the first 17 years of their lives? A. Laying eggs. B. Sleeping all the time. C. Hatching from eggs. D. Digging tunnels. 18. How do cicadas know when 17 years have passed according to scientists? A. By feeling the environmental changes. B. By climbing up trees. C. By testing the temperature. D. By getting information from adult cicadas. 19. What decides a cicada’s emergence time? A. The temperature. B. The soil. C. The area where it stays. D. Its exoskeleton. 20. What’s the main idea of the passage? A. Reasons why cicadas are unbelievably noisy. B. Types of periodical cicadas. C. The life cycle of the 17-year cicada. D. Living habits of the 17-year cicada. 三、（共5空, 每空2分, 计10分） 短文还原 Here are some things you may want to think about when designing your stadium. The first step of the invention process is to “think it”. This includes finding a problem you would like to solve, or imagining something you plan to create. ___21___, “What problem does it solve? What sports or events will take place in your stadium? Where will it be located? How will your idea be new and different?” The next step is to “explore it”. You ask: “How have inventors created solutions in the past?” and then carry out research to learn more about the problem they would like to solve, or the idea they would like to create. This is done to understand solutions that may already exist. ___22___. Inventors use drawing as a way to organize their ideas. ___23___ . You can draw your ideas with paper and pencil or use any means of expression that is comfortable for you. Remember! Inventors seldom get it right on the first try. ___24___ Build a model which will show the size, shape and form of your stadium. Now that you have created your 3 D model, take some time to think about how your stadium looks and how it would work for an event. Now it’s time to think about how it would work, and share your idea with others. Ask yourself, “What changes can I make to improve my stadium?” Sharing an idea also happens when you present your idea to others after you have made your final changes. Inventors typically don’t succeed with an invention on the first try. Usually, inventors change their ideas many times before they are finished to make them work better. ___25___, once changes are made. It can take many tries to make your ideas work or look the way you imagined they would. A. To get started you can ask yourself B. Inventors test their inventions again C. Now it is time to see their idea turn into something real D. Once you have created your design, move on to the next step E. It allows inventors to imagine what their invention might look like and how it will work F. They learn from what others have tried and make sure that their solutions are new or different 四、综合填空（共20空, 每空1. 5分, 计30分） A 阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容，从下面方框内所给11个词中选择10个意义相符的词，必要时进行词形变化，填入空白处，每空一词。 it, stone, six, by, easy, how, building, good, against, however, although The Juyongguan Great Wall was built during the Spring and Autumn Period. It was rebuilt and repaired for the ___26___ time in the early Ming Dynasty, which makes it look like what it is today. Recently, a group of scientists from China Agricultural University in Beijing made a study on the Juyongguan Great Wall, and they found an amazing fact. Some parts of the wall were made of ___27___, but some were built of “rammed earth”, which is a mixture of rocks and soil. Usually, rammed earth should be destroyed (破坏) ___28___ by wind and rain over time. ___29___, the fact is not like that. So scientists questioned ___30___ rammed earth managed to survive for such a long time. And now they have found that parts of the wall have been protected ___31___ something called biocrust (生物结皮). This is a thin layer of plant life, including moss (苔藓), lichen (地衣) and other things. The scientists examined a 370-mile-long section of the wall and found that the parts covered in brocrust remained ___32___ than other parts. The scientists took some samples (样本) of the biocrust back to their lab for testing. They found the natural material was actually much stronger ___33___ the rain and wind than the rammed earth. This means that the wall has protected ___34___ well with the biocrust over the years. These findings could be important. ____35____ biocrust may not look attractive, its natural ability to protect things could be a very useful tool. It offers the experts who manage ancient buildings a good way to protect them. B sit, get, be, call, continue, know, control, graduate, help, study, happen Lyu Linyou is a scientist who helps protect the environment in Zhangwu County. Zhangwu County ___36___ on the edge of the Horqin sandy land. Sand and dust storms ___37___ a big problem in the past. At one point, 95% of the county was covered in desert land. In 2004, Lyu Linyou ___38___ from college and he was only 24 years old then. The place he started working ___39___ the Provincial Institute (研究院) of Sandy Land Use. He has worked there for 20 years up to now. Nowadays, the institute ___40___ as the Sand Control and Usage Research Institute of the Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences. When Lyu Linyou first came to the county, he didn’t know much about how ___41___ sand. But with the help of his colleagues (同事) and local farmers, he quickly learned how to do it. In order to find the best grass and herbs (草药) for helping the grasslands in Zhangwu Couty grow back, Lyu ___42___ more than 400 different plants till now. He tested them and found more than 50 plants that work really well. To our joy, his work shows how science ___43___ protect the earth and make life better for ever. Because of his hard work, the grasslands in the area ___44___ healthier day by day. “Though I have made great progress, I ____45____ to work hard nonstop to make sure the environment to get better and better,” he said, “And I am sure this will also create new jobs for the people in this area in the future.” 五、阅读表达（计10分） 阅读短文，根据题目要求完成各小题。 Often people will do things to anger you. When this happens, it’s not good to react immediately, but after you’ve calmed down, look at the positive (积极的) qualities in that person. I’m not asking you to be a doormat (受气包) or simply look at the positive qualities when someone is being unkind to you. Instead, I’m suggesting that you take a look at the positive qualities in addition to everything else. Here’s an example: Let’s say you’re taking your son or daughter to a basketball game. You’ re in the line and the guy behind you, who is also with his child, starts pushing. You ask him to back off and he gets angry, and perhaps starts shouting. All of this is taking place in front of your child and his child. Finally things calm down. Perhaps you’ re still angry and silently cursing (咒骂) him as you sit in your chair. But can you see anything positive in that person? Most people would say no. But at least he was trying to spend some time with his kid just like you did. You don’t know anything else about the person, but you just find some positıve qualities. Too often we focus only on a person’s negative (消极的) qualities and forget the good things. By looking at the positive, you get your mind to move its attention. It now begins to see things differently and thus (所以) sends a different message and different energy to your sense. This will bring positive situations to you. It’s that old saying:” What goes around comes around. “ You focus on the good things in other people, and other people will see the good things in you and you’ ll attract positive situations in your life. For example: 4. ____46____. When you do this you also let out the anger and unhappiness, thus creating more positive energy. Try doing this with people you know and don’t know. Creating positive energy is important to your success and happiness. Let’s face it. You certainly don’t want negative energy or a negative lifestyle. 46. What should you do when a person anger you according to the passage? _________________________________________________ 47. In the writer’s opinion, what is the positive quality of the guy? _________________________________________________ 48. What is going to happen if you focus on the good things in other people? _________________________________________________ 49. Give an example of “What goes around comes around” which happened in your life. _________________________________________________ 50. Summarize (总结) the passage within 30 words. _________________________________________________ 六、书面表达（共1题, 计20分） 51. 纸袋在生活中被广泛使用。学校英语社团要开展主题调研成果展示活动，请你根据提示写一篇主题为“advantages and disadvantages of paper bags”的演讲稿，从不同角度辩证陈述其优缺点并说明原因，除提示内容外，须各补充一条，并简要概括。 Points Sides & Reasons Conclusion (结论) environment protecting 1. friendly to the environment; recycled easily; 2. ... 1. a waste of wood; cut trees; 2. ... experience of using l. convenient to carry; light and thin; 2. ... 1. not strong enough to hold heavy things; easy to break; 2. ... 要求： 1. 语言通顺，要点齐全，意思连贯，条理清楚，书写规范； 2. 文中不得出现真实的姓名和学校名称； 3. 80～100词，文章开头已给出，不计入总词数。 Good morning, ladies and gentlemen. We’ve done a survey on “advantages and disadvantages of paper bags” and collected different ideas. On the point of environment protecting, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $