Unit2 Great people 单元话题（著名人物）完形填空18篇-2024-2025学年九年级英语下册重难点讲练全攻略（牛津译林版）

2024-2025学年一线教师制作精品系列资料，已编校！ 2024-2025学年一线教师制作精品系列资料，已编校！ Unit2 Great people 单元话题（著名人物）完形填空18篇 （24-25九年级上·江苏苏州·阶段练习）Claude Monet brought sunshine into painting. He was one of the first artists to work 1 . That may sound 2 to us today. But before 1870, most artists did all their paintings in rooms. They used models dressed up as Greek gods or heroes from history. They painted with dark colors so their pictures would look more 3 . However, Monet and his artist friends 4 the rules. They took their paints and brushes to paint lakes, flowers and woods in the open air. They wanted to show 5 sunlight made water and boats look at different times during the day. If they painted people, they always painted common people. They used 6 colors and painted quickly. For years, Monet had 7 in making money. Sometimes he could not pay the rent (租金); sometimes his family had no heat; sometimes they went hungry. 8 , Monet would not give up. Today, he is one of the most well-known artists ever. Paintings by Monet sell for millions of dollars and hang in 9 around the world. We’re all lucky that Monet never 10 . 1．A．indoors B．outdoors C．everywhere D．somewhere 2．A．usual B．special C．strange D．common 3．A．funny B．lively C．serious D．exciting 4．A．supported B．decided C．followed D．broke 5．A．when B．why C．how D．where 6．A．peaceful B．comfortable C．bright D．dark 7．A．fun B．trouble C．success D．experience 8．A．So B．Also C．Besides D．However 9．A．theatres B．restaurants C．museums D．shops 10．A．kept B．stopped C．avoided D．refused （23-24九年级下·江苏盐城·阶段练习）Sir Arthur Ignatius Conan Doyle was a Scottish doctor and writer. He was 1 for his stories about the detective Sherlock Holmes. Arthur Conan Doyle was born in 1859, Scotland. He is now 2 as “Conan Doyle”. Conan Doyle was sent to school at the 3 of nine. He then 4 on to study at Stonyhurst College. From 1876 to 1881, he 5 medicine at the University of Edinburgh. While studying, Conan Doyle also began 6 short stories. His first story 7 out before he was 20. Following his term at university, he had a job as a doctor on the ship. While waiting for 8 , Conan Doyle 9 began writing stories. Sherlock Holmes was first known to the 10 in 1887. Sherlock Holmes was a 11 detective, he was 12 to solve almost all difficult cases. In 1885, Conan Doyle married Louisa Hawkins. She got a 13 disease and died in 1906. The next year he married Jean Elizabeth Leckie. He first met and fell in 14 with her in 1897. He died 15 a heart attack at the age of 71. His last words were “You are wonderful.” 1．A．late B．pleasant C．famous D．sorry 2．A．looked B．put C．told D．known 3．A．age B．time C．clock D．year 4．A．came B．arrived C．went D．got 5．A．practiced B．studied C．remembered D．saw 6．A．writing B．telling C．playing D．reading 7．A．got B．came C．took D．put 8．A．visitors B．teachers C．patients D．doctors 9．A．never B．first C．last D．then 10．A．public B．children C．books D．friends 11．A．cool B．fool C．clever D．happy 12．A．afraid B．able C．unlikely D．angry 13．A．small B．big C．light D．serious 14．A．love B．anger C．happiness D．sadness 15．A．for B．of C．at D．over （23-24九年级上·江苏常州·期末）The telephone has greatly changed the world. It has made it easier for people to 1 and helped with the development of business. Then who invented this amazing invention? We all know the inventor Alexander Graham Bell. But do you know the story behind it? Bell was born in Edinburgh, Scotland on March 3, 1847. His family was known for teaching people how to speak English clearly. That 2 Bell’s career choice. He became a teacher to deaf students and 3 the science of sound. In fact, there was a 4 reason—both his mother and wife were deaf. He wanted to do something to help them. Working as a teacher to the deaf helped Bell learn more about sound vibrations (震动), which would become 5 as he invented the telephone. In 1874, Bell 6 working with a musical telegraph (电报机) with the help of Thomas Watson. To their surprise, that made them create two receivers (听筒). One day in 1875, they 7 the receivers at each end of a line which ran from a room in Bell’s house to the cellar (地下室). Bell held one in his hands in the room, 8 Watson listened at the other end of the line in the cellar. Bell spoke to Watson, “Can you hear what I say?” Mr Watson rushed back and said yes. Later, they did 9 tests to improve the receivers. On March 10, 1876, the first two-way call was 10 made. Bell said “Mr Watson, come here, I want to see you.” Watson replied and came into the room to see Bell. That was 11 they invented the telephone!Bell went to the patent (专利) office quickly to apply for (申请) a patent on his invention, because many scientists had very 12 ideas. From then on, Bell was known for inventing the telephone. 1．A．travel B．compare C．gather D．communicate 2．A．influenced B．announced C．supported D．confirmed 3．A．worked out B．got interested in C．depended on D．came up with 4．A．traditional B．special C．valuable D．strange 5．A．wonderful B．peaceful C．useful D．harmful 6．A．began B．imagined C．avoided D．risked 7．A．put B．locked C．recorded D．shaped 8．A．since B．although C．until D．while 9．A．only B．sudden C．general D．further 10．A．especially B．finally C．suddenly D．carelessly 11．A．how B．when C．why D．where 12．A．correct B．similar C．meaningful D．secret （2024·江苏苏州·一模）Do you like asking questions? How do questions lead to new discoveries? During the 16th and 17th centuries, society was entering the scientific age. Many ancient beliefs were being questioned and they 1 to be false. For example, many people believed that the earth was the centre of the universe (宇宙) 2 a man named Galileo announced his discovery. Galileo was born in a well-respected family in Italy in 1564. From a young age, he was 3 asking questions. In 1609, Galileo heard about a simple telescope (望远镜) created by an eyeglass maker. With his math knowledge and technical skills, he soon 4 one of his own. It could make objects far away look 30 times bigger. He began to use it to study the night sky and became the first person to look at the Moon 5 a telescope. Also, he discovered Jupiter (木星) had four moons travelling around it. If that was the truth, then the idea that everything circled the earth must be 6 . It was soon clear to Galileo that the earth could not be the centre of the universe. 7 , this conclusion got him into a lot of trouble. After all, he was questioning the beliefs of some of the most 8 men of his time. He was warned not to say or publish 9 about his new idea. He 10 to write down his ideas anyway and published his final book, Two New Sciences, in 1638. He died at the age of 77, in 1642. Galileo’s gift for asking important questions helped him make some of the greatest discoveries of his time. Today, we call him the father of modern science. 1．A．handed out B．carried out C．turned out D．worked out 2．A．unless B．until· C．after D．since 3．A．good at B．tired of C．afraid of D．satisfied with 4．A．discovered B．imagined C．developed D．bought 5．A．over B．up C．after D．through 6．A．incorrect B．indirect C．inactive D．incomplete 7．A．Usually B．Unluckily C．Simply D．Similarly 8．A．careful B．helpful C．hopeful D．powerful 9．A．something B．anything C．everything D．nothing 10．A．refused B．agreed C．continued D．regretted （23-24九年级上·江苏泰州·期中）During the Qin Dynasty in China, there was a boy named Han Xin. He was born in a very 1 family and often had nothing to eat. He often went 2 but almost caught nothing. He was always hungry. One day, Han Xin was fishing at the river. An old lady saw he was very 3 and looked hungry. So she gave him a bowl of 4 . Every time he met the old lady, he never got hungry. Han Xin was very thankful to the old lady. “I promise I will do something for you 5 someday,” he said. “Why do you promise so much when you have 6 ?” she said. “I give you rice because I feel 7 that you don’t have anything to eat. I don’t expect you to repay me. If you are a real man, you will find a way to 8 yourself.” After that, Han Xin tried his best to make a living. When Han Xin 9 , he became brave and kind. He joined the army and then became a 10 . And later he became the “King of Qi” and the “King of Chu” in the Han Dynasty. He 11 many people and did many good things. Han Xin 12 forgot the old Jady. He went back to the village and took her to his palace. Han Xin bowed down to her and gave her a bowl filled with 13 . “Thank you for the gold,” she said. “You have already paid me back by becoming a strong and kind man.” The old lady 14 . The Chinese idiom “one rice, thousand gold” comes from this story. It tells us that we should always give a hand to others 15 expecting anything in return, and we should also forever remember the help from someone else. 1．A．rich B．poor C．large D．strong 2．A．swimming B．shopping C．camping D．fishing 3．A．fat B．smart C．handsome D．thin 4．A．rice B．water C．fish D．soup 5．A．in public B．in order C．in return D．in turn 6．A．something B．nothing C．everything D．anything 7．A．happy B．angry C．sorry D．relaxed 8．A．teach B．enjoy C．support D．believe 9．A．gave up B．came up C．dressed up D．grew up 10．A．leader B．learner C．businessman D．farmer 11．A．killed B．helped C．hurt D．found 12．A．usually B．sometimes C．always D．never 13．A．gold B．money C．silver D．jewellery 14．A．agreed B．nodded C．refused D．accepted 15．A．without B．by C．in D．for （2022·江苏连云港·中考真题）Zu Ti was a great man of Jin Dynasty. He was 1 for his hard work and great achievements. But when he was a child, he was a naughty (顽皮的) boy who showed little 2 in reading. As he grew up, Zu Ti 3 he didn’t have enough knowledge. And he deeply felt that he could not serve his country well. So he made up 4 mind to study hard. Zu Ti had a 5 friend named Liu Kun. They had a deep friendship. So they stayed together every day. They even slept on one bed every night and 6 at the same time every morning. One day, when they were 7 , Zu Ti heard the rooster crowing (打鸣). An 8 came to him. He woke up Liu Kun and said, “How about getting up to play swords (剑)?” 9 he was still sleepy, Liu Kun agreed with Zu Ti gladly. From then on, they got up and played swords 10 the rooster began crowing. They kept their words day after day. They never gave up no matter how 11 in winter or hot in summer. Besides, they began to study history 12 and put all their energy into reading books. 13 , they learned a great deal of knowledge and made much progress. A few years later, 14 of them grew up with talents and wisdom. At last, their 15 came true and they made great contributions to their country. This is the Chinese idiom story To Rise with the Rooster. 1．A．ready B．famous C．late D．sorry 2．A．pride B．respect C．interest D．kindness 3．A．realized B．decided C．imagined D．promised 4．A．his B．her C．its D．their 5．A．rich B．busy C．same D．close 6．A．picked up B．got up C．gave up D．made up 7．A．fighting B．discussing C．sleeping D．reading 8．A．order B．idea C．exam D．ability 9．A．Because B．Unless C．If D．Though 10．A．as well as B．as much as C．as good as D．as soon as 11．A．long B．dry C．cold D．quiet 12．A．carefully B．politely C．probably D．recently 13．A．In this way B．By the way C．In their way D．On his way 14．A．either B．all C．both D．neither 15．A．mistakes B．dreams C．hobbies D．difficulties （22-23九年级上·江苏镇江·阶段练习）As one of China’s most experienced astronauts, Chinese astronaut Nie Haisheng has been to space three times – on the Shenzhou VI, Shenzhou X and Shenzhou XII missions (任务). In 2021, Nie 1 as commander (指令长) of the Shenzhou XII mission. Nie and his two crewmates became the first people to live and work in China’s Tiangong 2 station for three months. He won the title (称号) of “hero astronaut” 3 the Shenzhou VI mission. Dreaming of becoming a soldier, Nie joined the PLA Air Force as a fighter pilot trainee (战斗机飞行员新兵) in 1983 after finishing high school. He did 4 in high-pressure situations. Once, his fighter broke down. He didn’t 5 up trying to fix the problem until the very last minute – when the plane was just 400 meters 6 the ground. Then, he jumped out of it with a parachute (降落伞). With 1,480 hours of flight time, Nie 7 a first-grade pilot. In 1998, he joined the country’s first team of astronauts. He 8 countless (数不清的) hours training hard to prepare to fly to space. And he kept 9 , too. In 2021, he got a doctoral degree (博士学位). “You’re never 10 old to learn.” the 57-year-old man said. 1．A．worked B．studied C．travelled D．played 2．A．space B．railway C．police D．power 3．A．before B．after C．unitl D．when 4．A．good B．bad C．well D．badly 5．A．get B．give C．take D．put 6．A．above B．over C．on D．off 7．A．began B．stopped C．were D．became 8．A．was B．took C．spent D．paid 9．A．study B．learn C．relaxing D．learning 10．A．so B．too C．such D．like （2023·江苏常州·一模）阅读下面短文从短文后各题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项、并在答题卡上将该项涂黑 Xu Yuanchong, China’s most famous master translator, passed away in Beijing at the age of 100 in June in 2021. He was known for his translation of 1 Chinese poems into English and French that have gained worldwide recognition(认可). Xu put his effort into translation for more than 60 years. Translated 2 is “a beautiful art for the whole world”for him. His academic(学术) career began during the college years when he studied at the National Southwest Associated University. In 1939, he 3 an English translation of a poem written bya Chinese poet Lin Huiyin, which is generally known as his 4 work. Xu spent some years in France studying French literature in the late 1940s. He then went back to China after graduation and 5 himself to translation ever since. Xu was the first Chinese person to translate Chinese poetry into English and French in rhyme. “The greatest joy of an individual(个人) is to be with the people you 6 and do what you like to do. The greatest joy on the earth is to introduce the 7 created by a person to the whole world,” Xu once said. Xu was 8 with the Lifetime Achievement Award in Translation in 2010. He was also the first Asian 9 to win the Aurora Borealis Prize for Outstanding Translation of Fiction Literature—one of the highest 10 among international translators. Xu’s works have served as a 11 bridge linking the East to the West. English-speaking and French-speaking readers are able to better understand Chinese literature 12 Xu’s translations. Meanwhile, Chinese readers can enjoy foreign works. 1．A．common B．present C．ancient D．popular 2．A．history B．culture C．picture D．literature 3．A．read B．published C．wrote D．studied 4．A．least B．worst C．earliest D．latest 5．A．enjoyed B．devoted C．taught D．improved 6．A．mind B．hate C．know D．like 7．A．technology B．magic C．beauty D．time 8．A．offered B．introduced C．presented D．marked 9．A．translator B．writer C．speaker D．organizer 10．A．classes B．awards C．tops D．areas 11．A．practical B．straight C．cultural D．traditional 12．A．during B．through C．with D．beyond （2023·江苏南京·二模）请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 In the city of London about 150 years ago, many people started to get very sick. The sickness they had was called “cholera”(霍乱). The disease caused 1 among Londoners because nobody knew how to prevent it or cure it. Most doctors thought that people got cholera from breathing in 2 air. They told patients to open their windows and breathe in fresh air as much as possible. Some doctors told their patients to drink lots of water or take certain medicine. However, their advice did not 3 . They did not know what to do. John Snow was a doctor and scientist who had a(n) 4 idea. He thought that cholera might have been spreading through the water that people were drinking. Maybe polluted water was making everyone sick. At first, nobody paid much attention to Dr. Snow. They believed that cholera was spread through the air and that water was not the 5 . Dr. Snow developed a plan to prove his theory (理论). He went to different neighbourhoods in London and 6 their water. He also counted the number of sick people in each neighbourhood. It was just as he had thought! The neighbourhoods with the cleanest water had the 7 sick people. The places with the dirtiest water had the greatest number of sick people. This proved his theory that cholera was spread through dirty water. The other doctors finally 8 that Dr. Snow was right. All over London, people stopped drinking water that might be polluted. Almost 9 , people stopped getting sick. All it took was clean water. Thanks to Dr. John Snow, we also know how to stop many other sicknesses that can be spread through dirty water. We would not know about the risks of dirty water if it were not for Dr. John Snow’s hard work and 10 . Dr. Snow may not be as famous as Batman or Wonder Woman, but he is a hero. 1．A．stress B．pain C．fear D．hunger 2．A．cold B．warm C．clean D．polluted 3．A．work B．matter C．accept D．appear 4．A．different B．similar C．strange D．amazing 5．A．case B．result C．problem D．disease 6．A．heated B．tested C．drank D．cleared 7．A．largest B．smallest C．most D．fewest 8．A．doubted B．mentioned C．supposed D．realized 9．A．at once B．at least C．at present D．at last 10．A．treatment B．discovery C．technology D．invention （2023·江苏连云港·二模）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Liu Gongquan was a famous Chinese calligrapher (书法家). He was smart and showed a gift for calligraphy 1 an early age. He was so proud of his 2 and often displayed his calligraphy works to others proudly. One day, he was 3 again. A man who sold tofu saw his works and said, “Your handwriting is not 4 enough. You have nothing to be proud of.” Liu felt angry and said, “ 5 don’t you write a few characters for us to judge (评判)?” The man smiled and said, “I 6 write well. But someone writes much better than you with his 7 ! If you don’t believe me, you can go to the city and see for 8 .” The next day, Liu got up very early and went to the city. When he arrived, he saw many people 9 under a big tree. They were watching a(n) 10 man without arms writing with his feet. His handwriting was beautiful and brought loud cheers. Liu was 11 and wanted to learn calligraphy from the old man. 12 . the old man refused to teach him. 13 he couldn’t teach Liu calligraphy, he told the boy his secret to 14 —hard work and persistence (毅力). Liu kept the old man’s words in mind and 15 hard. At last, he became a top calligrapher. 1．A．at B．on C．in D．of 2．A．age B．looks C．talent D．job 3．A．showing off B．falling down C．getting away D．hurrying up 4．A．correct B．big C．clear D．good 5．A．What B．Why C．How D．Who 6．A．mustn’t B．can’t C．must D．can 7．A．feet B．hand C．mouth D．nose 8．A．themselves B．yourselves C．himself D．yourself 9．A．playing B．standing C．singing D．reading 10．A．tall B．kind C．old D．ugly 11．A．lonely B．lazy C．afraid D．amazed 12．A．Anyway B．Moreover C．However D．Therefore 13．A．Unless B．Though C．Because D．Whether 14．A．success B．happiness C．growth D．friendship 15．A．imagined B．practiced C．thought D．chose （2024·江苏常州·一模）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Life at Cambridge was exciting for Charles. Then bug (虫子)-collecting was a 1 activity among the students there. They would spend a lot of time looking for insects and hold competitions to see who could find the most 2 bugs! Bug-mad Charles soon became one of these “collectors”. 3 , while looking for bugs, Charles found a dead tree—a great place to look for new insects! He pulled away some of its bark (树皮) and found a very beautiful bug, which he caught with one hand. He then found 4 , and caught it in his other hand. That was 5 he saw a very unusual bug running around. Thinking quickly, he put one of the insects he was holding into his 6 so he could catch the new one. In a second, he realized he had made a big 7 —the bug in his mouth let out some sour juice that made him spit (吐) it out. In a cough, he 8 all three bugs and had to start looking all over again! He couldn’t help but 9 at what had happened: how amazing! It also gave him a great idea: why not 10 a club where he and his friends could taste other unusual things? Charles set up the Glutton Club to share his interest in 11 strange creatures. The members would serve different insects and then compare their tastes to see which tasted best. The boy who loved bugs never lost his interest in 12 the secrets of nature. He would go on to have many exciting adventures (冒险) and discover many amazing things. You might not have guessed that the boy in this story is Charles Darwin. 1．A．hidden B．popular C．small D．challenging 2．A．strange B．delicious C．expensive D．unusual 3．A．Once B．Finally C．Firstly D．Later 4．A．the other B．others C．another D．the one 5．A．when B．where C．how D．why 6．A．pocket B．mouth C．hair D．shoe 7．A．achievement B．success C．surprise D．mistake 8．A．killed B．hurt C．lost D．caught 9．A．cry B．laugh C．shake D．scream 10．A．start B．manage C．choose D．control 11．A．catching B．raising C．eating D．holding 12．A．filming B．telling C．watching D．exploring （2024·江苏盐城·一模）Huan Gong was the king of the state of Qi in the Spring and Autumn Period. He wanted to enlist (招募) 1 men from different places. To show his sincerity, he had a bright torch (火炬) lit in front of his 2 day and night. The torch had been burning for one whole year, and yet 3 came. One day, a 4 from the eastern suburb wished to meet Huan Gong, saying that he had the ability to recite (背诵) the multiplication table (乘法表). When Huan Gong heard of this, he thought it was 5 . And he sent an officer to tell the farmer, “ 6 could you hope to see the king just because you can recite the multiplication table?” The farmer 7 , “I hear that the torch before the palace has been burning for one year, but there wasn’t anybody coming. This is because His Majesty is a king of great talent. All the talented men near and 8 couldn’t be certain whether His Majesty would think highly of them. 9 they dared (敢) not come to see him. My ability of reciting the multiplication table is truly of 10 importance. However, if His Majesty could receive me 11 , then he need not worry that those with real ability and learning would not come.” He then continued, “Mount Tai is huge because it 12 refuses any single small stone; the sea is deep because it 13 every small stream together. The Book of Song says, ‘The wise kings of ancient times often went to farmers who cut firewood and grass to 14 their advice. Only in this way can you pool the wisdom of the people.’” Hearing this, Huan Gong nodded repeatedly, and treated him 15 respect. As expected,within one month, many talented men from all places came one after another to see Huan Gong. 1．A．kind B．rich C．lucky D．able 2．A．garden B．palace C．square D．castle 3．A．nobody B．somebody C．anybody D．everybody 4．A．farmer B．worker C．learner D．officer 5．A．wise B．funny C．attractive D．popular 6．A．What B．Who C．Why D．How 7．A．doubted B．asked C．replied D．ordered 8．A．far B．long C．soon D．often 9．A．As B．So C．Or D．But 10．A．much B．little C．few D．many 11．A．rudely B．peacefully C．politely D．angrily 12．A．always B．sometimes C．often D．never 13．A．gathers B．breaks C．divides D．covers 14．A．look for B．ask for C．pay for D．wait for 15．A．from B．about C．with D．except （23-24九年级上·江苏苏州·期中）“Dr. Deep Sea” Lives Underwater for 100 Days Dr. Joseph Dituri, also known as “Dr. Deep Sea”, has just finished an amazing adventure (冒险), the University of South Florida teacher lived in a small room underwater. He set a new world record, beating the 1 record of 73 days. On March 1st, Dr. Dituri, who’s 55, began the project. His goal was to stay for 100 days at a special underwater hotel. The farther you go below the ocean’s surface(表面), the 2 the pressure (气压) is. Dr. Dituri wanted to learn how this pressure would 3 the human body over time. He believes that high pressure could help people live longer and stay healthier 4 they get older. It could also help doctors treat different medical diseases, 5 brain problems. While he was living underwater, Dr. Dituri stayed 6 . He often exercised in the morning. He kept teaching his college classes, and he had online chats with over 5, 500 students from 15 different countries. The doctor had a number of 7 who dove (潜水) down to spend a little time with him. Dr. Dituri said what he missed the most when he was underwater was sunshine. Last Friday, June 9, Dr. Dituri returned to the surface 8 able to see the sun again. Many friends, family, and supporters were there to greet him and celebrate his 9 . Dr. Dituri and his team of doctors plan to study the information they 10 during the project. He says his favorite part of the project was talking with young people. “Who knows?” he said, “Maybe one day, one of them will come back and break the record we just set.” 1．A．extra B．perfect C．old D．terrible 2．A．deeper B．lower C．smaller D．greater 3．A．discover B．require C．influence D．appear 4．A．as B．because C．since D．whenever 5．A．without B．including C．towards D．through 6．A．free B．calm C．healthy D．busy 7．A．visitors B．leaders C．teachers D．families 8．A．quickly B．gently C．finally D．hardly 9．A．attention B．treatment C．discovery D．achievement 10．A．prepared B．discussed C．collected D．provided （23-24九年级上·江苏盐城·期中）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 April 8, 2023 is the 50th anniversary (纪念日) of the death of the famous artist Pablo Picasso (巴勃罗•毕加索). About 50 museums worldwide are holding 1 to remember him. Growing up Pablo Picasso was born on October 25, 1881 in Malaga, Spain. His father was an art teacher. 2 Picasso was about 10, he began attending his dad’s lessons. The boy 3 showed a talent or art. At the age of 14, he painted a picture of his Aunt Pepa that has been 4 by many people for catching her facial expression. Two years later, he moved to Barcelona and joined a group of 5 . Picasso’s new friends 6 exciting developments in art and culture in Paris, France. Soon, Picasso began 7 much of his time in Paris. From blue to rose The 8 of a close friend in 1901 marked the start of Picasso’s “Blue Period”. For about three years, blue was the most 9 color in his paintings and his work was mainly about sadness and loneliness. By 1904, Picasso was beginning to feel 10 . That spring, he moved to Paris. He began 11 circus performers (马戏团表演者) with brighter, redder colors, which meant the start of the “Rose Period”.     Breaking the rules     Between about 1907 and 1914, Picasso and his friend Georges Braque began trying a new style of art. Unlike most Western artists at that time, 12 didn’t try to describe nature. Instead, they divided objects 13 smaller shapes, and then put them back together in surprising ways. They 14 showed the same object from several points of view, all in one work of art. This new style became known as Cubism (立体派). A lifelong aim After 1918, Picasso returned to traditional styles. He later began writing poetry. He continued to make Cubist works like Guernica and expressed his strong anger against the war. When Picasso was asked 15 he used so many styles, he replied, “Whenever I want to say something, I say it the way I believe I should.” 1．A．works B．events C．sports D．games 2．A．When B．Because C．Although D．Unless 3．A．exact B．quickly C．quietly D．luckily 4．A．questioned B．praised C．promised D．expected 5．A．scientists B．pianists C．tourists D．artists 6．A．heard about B．gave up C．came across D．put away 7．A．taking B．costing C．finding D．spending 8．A．death B．appearance C．loss D．cry 9．A．special B．common C．correct D．active 10．A．worse B．easier C．better D．wider 11．A．writing B．talking C．loving D．painting 12．A．he B．they C．we D．she 13．A．from B．into C．by D．with 14．A．seldom B．never C．hardly D．usually 15．A．who B．which C．why D．that （2022·江苏盐城·一模）阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 Think of the ways you use your eyes every day. Imagine your life 1 sight. Cover your ears, and imagine being deaf and blind for the rest of your life. Think about the songs, the voices, the music you will never 2 again. For the first 19 months of her life, Heller was 3 to see and hear. But then a sickness struck her. She became 4 blind and deaf. For the rest of her life, she was never to see or hear. She didn’t have memories of sight or 5 . And the sickness struck her when she was a baby 6 she learned to talk. But Helen Keller became a teacher and writer. She was in the hearts of millions of people. How did this miracle(奇迹) happen? For the first seven years of her life she was almost like a 7 animal. Her mother and father did not know how to 8 her. She screamed, kicked and cried. She wanted very much to have others understand her, but there was no way she could do. 9 her parents decided to send for a family 10 to treat her. Some went away shortly after they spent a few days with her, until the 11 one—Annie Sullivan came. For during the rest of Helen’s life, she stayed with Helen to overcome a lot of unthinkable 12 Sullivan was a lovely young woman with great patience and imagination. She was a born teacher, 13 of turning a deaf-blind creature into a useful human being. It was this teacher that did not let Helen’s world be 14 . Through the teacher’s hands and fingers, Helen heard the sounds that one can hear on a farm, the noises made by cows, horses, chickens and pigs. 15 back on those years, Helen once said, she was greatly struck by her teacher’s wisdom and she was very grateful to her teacher. 1．A．without B．by C．with D．through 2．A．see B．play C．hear D．notice 3．A．happy B．able C．good D．glad 4．A．quickly B．partly C．mostly D．completely 5．A．smell B．feeling C．taste D．sound 6．A．before B．after C．unless D．when 7．A．strong B．clever C．wild D．silly 8．A．feed B．treat C．praise D．keep 9．A．First B．Finally C．Slowly D．Last 10．A．member B．doctor C．teacher D．nurse 11．A．last B．second C．first D．only 12．A．thoughts B．moments C．surprises D．difficulties 13．A．caring B．thinking C．dreaming D．hoping 14．A．noisy B．silent C．poor D．bright 15．A．Looking B．Watching C．Thinking D．Seeing （23-24九年级上·江苏南京·期末）Isaac Newton was born in Lincolnshire, England in 1643, where he grew up on a farm. When he was a boy, he made lots of brilliant inventions like a windmill to grind corn, a waterclock and a sundial. 1 , Isaac didn’t get brilliant marks at school. When he was 18, Isaac went to study at Cambridge University. He was very interested in physics, mathematics and astronomy. But in 1665 the Great Plague, which was a terrible disease, spread in England, and Cambridge University had to close down. Isaac returned home to the 2 . Isaac continued studying and experimenting at home. One day he was drinking a cup of tea in the garden. He saw an apple fall from a tree. “Why do apples fall 3 instead of up?” From this, he formed the theory of gravity. Gravity is an invisible 4 which pulls objects towards the Earth and keeps the planets moving around the Sun. Isaac was fascinated by 5 . He discovered that white light is in fact made up of all the colours of the rainbow. Isaac also invented a special reflecting telescope, using mirrors. It was much more powerful than other telescopes. Isaac made another very important 6 , which he called his “Three Laws of Motion”. These laws 7 how objects move. Isaac’s laws are still used today for sending rockets into space. Thanks to his brilliant inventions, Isaac earned a lot of money and became 8 and famous. During his lifetime, Isaac often argued with others because of his 9 temper. That’s the reason why he had few friends and never got married. Sir Isaac Newton 10 in 1727 at the age of 85. He was buried along with English kings and queens in Westminster Abbey in London. He was one of the greatest scientists and mathematicians who has ever lived. 1．A．Moreover B．However C．Anyway D．Otherwise 2．A．city B．town C．farm D．school 3．A．under B．off C．below D．down 4．A．power B．force C．energy D．strength 5．A．light B．sound C．electricity D．colour 6．A．invention B．introduction C．discovery D．display 7．A．explain B．expect C．express D．experience 8．A．wealthy B．healthy C．careful D．careless 9．A．gentle B．sweet C．good D．bad 10．A．passed over B．passed by C．passed down D．passed away （22-23九年级上·江苏盐城·期末）In modern times, we admire the bravery of astronauts. We 1 into the sky and wonder if they will ever return from their voyage (航行) into the great unknown. It’s hard to believe, but only a short while ago, our own earth was as huge and unknown as 2 is today. Only 500 years ago, most of the earth was not explored. Sailing too far away from land was as 3 then as it is today for astronauts to sail into outer space. But humans have always wanted to learn about the world, no matter what the dangers. The great Chinese 4 , Zheng He, proves this point. In 1405, at the request of the Emperor, he left China for the first of 5 voyages of discovery that he made between 1405 and 1433. The fleet of ships given to Zheng for these voyages was 6 as the “fleet of friendship”, for this was the purpose of his trips. On each trip Zheng ordered more than 20,000 men on hundreds of ships. He sailed the South China Sea, and 7 the Indian Ocean to eastern Africa. 8 , he visited 30 countries and began trade with them. At each port, the Chinese sailors made 9 with the local people. On one voyage to 10 , Zheng bought some rare animals for the Emperor. He 11 fair prices for a lion, a leopard, an ostrich, and a giraffe, and then brought them to the Emperor’s palace. On each return visit, the locals remembered the Chinese sailors and 12 them gifts. It can be said that Zheng’s seven voyages of discovery were important 13 people learned more and more about the earth that lay 14 China’s coast. 15 important, however, were the friendly diplomatic (外交) relations that were begun so long ago. In 1419, seventeen countries sent officers back to China with Zheng. This was the beginning of a long friendship between China and its neighbours in South Asia and beyond to Africa. 1．A．look down B．look up C．look out D．look through 2．A．space B．sea C．land D．mountain 3．A．easy B．dangerous C．comfortable D．simple 4．A．explorer B．scientist C．inventor D．pilot 5．A．six B．five C．seven D．eight 6．A．given B．known C．called D．filled 7．A．across B．through C．over D．above 8．A．In all B．At all C．After all D．Above all 9．A．friendly B．friendship C．friends D．unfriendly 10．A．Africa B．America C．Asia D．Europe 11．A．cost B．spent C．took D．paid 12．A．offered B．provided C．presented D．showed 13．A．so B．because C．but D．though 14．A．against B．beside C．beyond D．towards 15．A．Possibly B．Simply C．Highly D．Equally （2022·江苏泰州·三模） Einstein was not only the outstanding scientist of the 20th century, but also a gifted and enthusiastic musician. He once said that if he hadn’t been a scientist, he would have been a 1 . “Life without playing music is unthinkable for me,” he said. “I get most 2 in life out of music.” Einstein’s mother was a talented pianist who 3 music to life in the family home. Einstein began to learn the 4 at the age of six, however, he worked hard until he 5 the joys of Mozart’s sonatas at the age of 13. From that 6 on, although he had no further lessons, his violin 7 his companion. When Einstein moved to Aarau in Switzerland in 1895 to complete his schooling, he seemed to have 8 much of his time to music. Just before his 17th birthday, Einstein played at the music 9 in the school, the examiner reported that “a student called Einstein shone in the 10 felt performance of one of the Beethoven sonatas”. In addition to his great 11 in playing the violin, he also played the piano and, 12 , loved to improvise（即兴创作）. In late life, Einstein’s reputation(声誉) as a physicist often led to 13 to perform at benefit concerts, which he generally accepted happily. Probably the 14 of the violinist Einstein that comes nearest to the mark comes from his friend Janos Plesch,who wrote “There are many musicians with much 15 skills, but none, I believe, who ever played with more sincerity or deeper feeling.” 1．A．physician B．musician C．politician D．reporter 2．A．joy B．money C．idea D．energy 3．A．played B．sent C．create D．brought 4．A．violin B．piano C．knowledge D．game 5．A．loved B．tracked C．discovered D．confirmed 6．A．location B．space C．access D．point 7．A．turned B．remained C．appeared D．seemed 8．A．devoted B．spent C．lost D．wasted 9．A．performance B．presentation C．exhibition D．examination 10．A．hardly B．deeply C．carelessly D．honestly 11．A．skill B．patience C．care D．courage 12．A．after all B．in particular C．in general D．by accident 13．A．contributions B．applications C．invitations D．prizes 14．A．reaction B．results C．conclusion D．instruction 15．A．broader B．funnier C．wilder D．better 2 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 1 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024-2025学年一线教师制作精品系列资料，已编校！ 2024-2025学年一线教师制作精品系列资料，已编校！ Unit2 Great people 单元话题（著名人物）完形填空18篇 （24-25九年级上·江苏苏州·阶段练习）Claude Monet brought sunshine into painting. He was one of the first artists to work 1 . That may sound 2 to us today. But before 1870, most artists did all their paintings in rooms. They used models dressed up as Greek gods or heroes from history. They painted with dark colors so their pictures would look more 3 . However, Monet and his artist friends 4 the rules. They took their paints and brushes to paint lakes, flowers and woods in the open air. They wanted to show 5 sunlight made water and boats look at different times during the day. If they painted people, they always painted common people. They used 6 colors and painted quickly. For years, Monet had 7 in making money. Sometimes he could not pay the rent (租金); sometimes his family had no heat; sometimes they went hungry. 8 , Monet would not give up. Today, he is one of the most well-known artists ever. Paintings by Monet sell for millions of dollars and hang in 9 around the world. We’re all lucky that Monet never 10 . 1．A．indoors B．outdoors C．everywhere D．somewhere 2．A．usual B．special C．strange D．common 3．A．funny B．lively C．serious D．exciting 4．A．supported B．decided C．followed D．broke 5．A．when B．why C．how D．where 6．A．peaceful B．comfortable C．bright D．dark 7．A．fun B．trouble C．success D．experience 8．A．So B．Also C．Besides D．However 9．A．theatres B．restaurants C．museums D．shops 10．A．kept B．stopped C．avoided D．refused 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．C 6．C 7．B 8．D 9．C 10．B 【导语】本文主要是艺术家莫奈的个人情况。 1．句意：他是最早在户外作画的艺术家之一。 indoors室内；outdoors户外；everywhere到处；somewhere某处。根据“Claude Monet brought sunshine into painting.”可知，莫奈是最早在户外作画的艺术家之一。故选B。 2．句意：这对我们今天来说可能听起来很平常。 usual通常的；special特别的；strange奇怪的；common普通的。根据“But before 1870, most artists did all their paintings in rooms”可知，1870年以前大多数艺术家是在室内作画，说明那个时候在户外作画是不常见的，转折词前表示在现在是常见的，强调的是一种习惯性，用usual。故选A。 3．句意：他们用深色以使他们的画看起来更严肃。 funny有趣的；lively生动的；serious严肃的；exciting令人兴奋的。根据“They painted with dark colors”可知，涂上深色，所以作品看起来很严肃，故选C。 4．句意：然而，莫奈和他的艺术家朋友们打破了规则。 supported支持；decided决定；followed遵循；broke打破。根据“They took their paints and brushes to paint lakes, flowers and woods in the open air.”可知，莫奈和他的艺术家朋友们打破了那种沉默严肃的作画风格，故选D。 5．句意：他们想展示阳光如何在一天中的不同时间使水和船看起来不同。 when什么时候；why为什么；how如何；where哪里。根据“show...sunlight made water and boats look at different times during the day”可知，展示阳光是如何使水和船只在一天中的不同时间呈现出不同的样子，故选C。 6．句意：他们使用明亮的颜色并快速作画。 peaceful和平的；comfortable舒适的；bright明亮的；dark黑暗的。根据“They painted with dark colors so their pictures would look more”及“However, Monet and his artist friends...the rules”可知，打破了那种沉默严肃的作画风格，也就是用明亮的颜色来画画，故选C。 7．句意：多年来，莫奈在赚钱方面遇到了麻烦。 fun乐趣；trouble麻烦；success成功；experience经验。根据“Sometimes he could not pay the rent (租金); sometimes his family had no heat”可知，莫奈在赚钱方面遇到了麻烦，故选B。 8． 句意：然而，莫奈并没有放弃。 So所以；Also也；Besides此外；Howeve然而。此处与前文是转折关系，用however连接，故选D。 9．句意：莫奈的画作售价数百万美元，挂在世界各地的博物馆里。 theatres剧院；restaurants餐馆；museums博物馆；shops商店。 根据“Paintings by Monet sell for millions of dollars and hang in...around the world”可知他的画挂在博物馆里。故选C。 10．句意：我们都很幸运，莫奈从未停止。 kept保持；stopped停止；avoided避免；refused拒绝。根据“Monet would not give up”及“We’re all lucky that Monet never...”可知，他从未放弃，从未停止坚持自己的理想，故选B。 （23-24九年级下·江苏盐城·阶段练习）Sir Arthur Ignatius Conan Doyle was a Scottish doctor and writer. He was 1 for his stories about the detective Sherlock Holmes. Arthur Conan Doyle was born in 1859, Scotland. He is now 2 as “Conan Doyle”. Conan Doyle was sent to school at the 3 of nine. He then 4 on to study at Stonyhurst College. From 1876 to 1881, he 5 medicine at the University of Edinburgh. While studying, Conan Doyle also began 6 short stories. His first story 7 out before he was 20. Following his term at university, he had a job as a doctor on the ship. While waiting for 8 , Conan Doyle 9 began writing stories. Sherlock Holmes was first known to the 10 in 1887. Sherlock Holmes was a 11 detective, he was 12 to solve almost all difficult cases. In 1885, Conan Doyle married Louisa Hawkins. She got a 13 disease and died in 1906. The next year he married Jean Elizabeth Leckie. He first met and fell in 14 with her in 1897. He died 15 a heart attack at the age of 71. His last words were “You are wonderful.” 1．A．late B．pleasant C．famous D．sorry 2．A．looked B．put C．told D．known 3．A．age B．time C．clock D．year 4．A．came B．arrived C．went D．got 5．A．practiced B．studied C．remembered D．saw 6．A．writing B．telling C．playing D．reading 7．A．got B．came C．took D．put 8．A．visitors B．teachers C．patients D．doctors 9．A．never B．first C．last D．then 10．A．public B．children C．books D．friends 11．A．cool B．fool C．clever D．happy 12．A．afraid B．able C．unlikely D．angry 13．A．small B．big C．light D．serious 14．A．love B．anger C．happiness D．sadness 15．A．for B．of C．at D．over 【答案】 1．C 2．D 3．A 4．C 5．B 6．A 7．B 8．C 9．D 10．A 11．C 12．B 13．D 14．A 15．B 【导语】本文讲述了柯南·道尔的生平经历以及他是如何开始小说创作的。 1．句意：他因讲述侦探夏洛克·福尔摩斯的故事而闻名。 late迟到的；pleasant令人愉快的；famous著名的；sorry抱歉的。be famous for“因……而著名”，固定短语。故选C。 2．句意：他现在被称为“柯南·道尔”。 looked看；put放；told告诉；known知道。根据“Conan Doyle”是名字的简称可知，此处是短语be known as“被称为”。故选D。 3．句意：柯南·道尔九岁时被送去上学。 age年龄；time时间；clock钟；year年。at the age of“在……岁时”，固定短语。故选A 4．句意：然后他继续在斯通赫斯特学院学习。 came来；arrived到达；went去；got得到。根据“Conan Doyle was sent to school at the ... of nine.”可知他是接着去了学院学习，go on“继续”。故选C。 5．句意：从1876年到1881年，他在爱丁堡大学学习医学。 practiced练习；studied学习，研究；remembered记得；saw看到。根据“medicine at the University of Edinburgh”可知，此处指在爱丁堡大学学医。故选B。 6．句意：在学习期间，柯南·道尔也开始写短篇小说。 writing写；telling告诉；playing玩；reading阅读。根据“His first story ... out before he was 20.”可知，此处指开始写小说。故选A。 7．句意：他的第一个故事在他20岁之前就出版了。 got得到；came来；took拿走；put放。根据“His first story ... out before he was 20.”可知，此处指他20岁之前就出版了一个故事，用come out。故选B。 8．句意：在等待病人的时候，柯南·道尔开始写故事。 visitors游客；teachers教师；patients病人；doctors医生。根据“he had a job as a doctor on the ship”可知，此处指等待病人的时候。故选C。 9．句意：在等待病人的时候，柯南·道尔开始写故事。 never从不；first第一；last最后的；then然后。根据“While waiting for ..., Conan Doyle ... began writing stories.”可知，等待病人的间隙，没有事做，于是柯南·道尔开始写故事；then符合语境。故选D。 10．句意：夏洛克·福尔摩斯在1887第一次被公众所认识。 public公众；children孩子们；books书；friends朋友。根据“Sherlock Holmes was first known to the ...”可知，此处指为公众所熟知。故选A。 11．句意：夏洛克·福尔摩斯是一个聪明的侦探，他能解决几乎所有的疑难案件。 cool凉爽的；fool愚蠢的；clever聪明的；happy高兴的。根据“he was ... to solve almost all difficult cases.”可知，夏洛克·福尔摩斯很聪明。故选C。 12．句意：夏洛克·福尔摩斯是一个聪明的侦探，他能解决几乎所有的疑难案件。 afraid害怕的；able能够的；unlikely不大可能发生的；angry生气的。be able to do sth.“能够做某事”。故选B。 13．句意：她得了重病，于1906去世。 small小的；big大的；light轻的；serious严重的。根据“disease and died in 1906”可知，她得了重病去世。故选D。 14．句意：他1897年第一次遇见并爱上了她。 love爱；anger生气；happiness幸福；sadness悲伤。fall in love“爱上”，固定短语。故选A。 15．句意：他71岁时死于心脏病发作。 for为了；of……的；at在；over在……上面。die of“死于”，固定短语。故选B。 （23-24九年级上·江苏常州·期末）The telephone has greatly changed the world. It has made it easier for people to 1 and helped with the development of business. Then who invented this amazing invention? We all know the inventor Alexander Graham Bell. But do you know the story behind it? Bell was born in Edinburgh, Scotland on March 3, 1847. His family was known for teaching people how to speak English clearly. That 2 Bell’s career choice. He became a teacher to deaf students and 3 the science of sound. In fact, there was a 4 reason—both his mother and wife were deaf. He wanted to do something to help them. Working as a teacher to the deaf helped Bell learn more about sound vibrations (震动), which would become 5 as he invented the telephone. In 1874, Bell 6 working with a musical telegraph (电报机) with the help of Thomas Watson. To their surprise, that made them create two receivers (听筒). One day in 1875, they 7 the receivers at each end of a line which ran from a room in Bell’s house to the cellar (地下室). Bell held one in his hands in the room, 8 Watson listened at the other end of the line in the cellar. Bell spoke to Watson, “Can you hear what I say?” Mr Watson rushed back and said yes. Later, they did 9 tests to improve the receivers. On March 10, 1876, the first two-way call was 10 made. Bell said “Mr Watson, come here, I want to see you.” Watson replied and came into the room to see Bell. That was 11 they invented the telephone!Bell went to the patent (专利) office quickly to apply for (申请) a patent on his invention, because many scientists had very 12 ideas. From then on, Bell was known for inventing the telephone. 1．A．travel B．compare C．gather D．communicate 2．A．influenced B．announced C．supported D．confirmed 3．A．worked out B．got interested in C．depended on D．came up with 4．A．traditional B．special C．valuable D．strange 5．A．wonderful B．peaceful C．useful D．harmful 6．A．began B．imagined C．avoided D．risked 7．A．put B．locked C．recorded D．shaped 8．A．since B．although C．until D．while 9．A．only B．sudden C．general D．further 10．A．especially B．finally C．suddenly D．carelessly 11．A．how B．when C．why D．where 12．A．correct B．similar C．meaningful D．secret 【答案】 1．D 2．A 3．B 4．B 5．C 6．A 7．A 8．D 9．D 10．B 11．A 12．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了贝尔发明电话的故事。 1．句意：它使人们更容易沟通，并有助于商业的发展。 travel旅行；compare比较；gather聚集；communicate沟通。句中“It”指上文提到的“The telephone”，所以此处表示电话使人们更容易沟通。故选D。 2．句意：这影响了贝尔的职业选择。 influenced影响；announced宣布；supported支持；confirmed确认。根据上文“His family was known for teaching people how to speak English clearly.”以及下文“He became a teacher to deaf students”可知，此处表示这影响了贝尔的职业选择。故选A。 3．句意：他成为一名聋哑学生的老师，并对声音科学产生了兴趣。 worked out解决；got interested in对……产生兴趣；depended on依靠；came up with想出。根据“the science of sound”并结合选项可知，此处是指对声音科学产生了兴趣。故选B。 4．句意：事实上，有一个特殊的原因——他的母亲和妻子都是聋人。 traditional传统的；special特殊的；valuable有价值的；strange奇怪的。根据“both his mother and wife were deaf.”可知，这是他成为一名聋哑学生的老师，并对声音科学产生了兴趣的特殊原因。故选B。 5．句意：作为一名聋哑人教师的工作帮助贝尔更多地了解了声音振动，这对他发明电话很有用。 wonderful精彩的；peaceful和平的；useful有用的；harmful有害的。根据“Working as a teacher to the deaf helped Bell learn more about sound vibrations”可知，作为一名聋哑人教师这对他发明电话很有用。故选C。 6．句意：1874年，贝尔在托马斯·沃森的帮助下开始研究音乐电报机。 began开始；imagined想象；avoided避免；risked冒险。begin doing sth.“开始做某事”，此处是指贝尔开始研究音乐电报机。故选A。 7．句意：1875年的一天，他们把两个听筒分别放在贝尔家的房间和地下室里，中间用一条连接。 put放；locked锁；recorded记录；shaped塑造。根据“they...the receivers at each end of a line which ran from a room in Bell’s house to the cellar (地下室).”可知，此处是指把两个听筒分别放在贝尔家的房间和地下室里， put“放”符合语境。故选A。 8．句意：贝尔在房间里手里拿着一个，同时沃森在地窖里听着电话的另一端。 since自从；although虽然；until直到；while与……同时。根据“Bell held one in his hands in the room”和“Watson listened at the other end of the line in the cellar.”可知，这两件事同时发生，应用while。故选D。 9．句意：后来，他们做了进一步的测试来改进听筒。 only唯一的；sudden突然的；general普遍的；further进一步的。根据“to improve the receivers”可知，此处表示做了进一步的测试。故选D。 10．句意：1876年3月10日，第一个双向电话终于打通了。 especially特别；finally终于；suddenly突然地；carelessly粗心地。根据下文“Bell said ‘Mr Watson, come here, I want to see you.’ Watson replied and came into the room to see Bell.”可知，此处表示第一个双向电话终于打通了。故选B。 11．句意：这就是他们如何发明了电话！ how如何；when何时；why为什么；where哪里。根据“That was...they invented the telephone!”并结合选项可知，此处是指如何发明电话。故选A。 12．句意：贝尔很快就去专利局为他的发明申请了专利，因为许多科学家都有非常相似的想法。 correct正确的；similar相似的；meaningful有意义的；secret秘密的。根据“Bell went to the patent (专利) office quickly to apply for (申请) a patent on his invention”可知，此处表示因为许多科学家都有非常相似的想法。故选B。 （2024·江苏苏州·一模）Do you like asking questions? How do questions lead to new discoveries? During the 16th and 17th centuries, society was entering the scientific age. Many ancient beliefs were being questioned and they 1 to be false. For example, many people believed that the earth was the centre of the universe (宇宙) 2 a man named Galileo announced his discovery. Galileo was born in a well-respected family in Italy in 1564. From a young age, he was 3 asking questions. In 1609, Galileo heard about a simple telescope (望远镜) created by an eyeglass maker. With his math knowledge and technical skills, he soon 4 one of his own. It could make objects far away look 30 times bigger. He began to use it to study the night sky and became the first person to look at the Moon 5 a telescope. Also, he discovered Jupiter (木星) had four moons travelling around it. If that was the truth, then the idea that everything circled the earth must be 6 . It was soon clear to Galileo that the earth could not be the centre of the universe. 7 , this conclusion got him into a lot of trouble. After all, he was questioning the beliefs of some of the most 8 men of his time. He was warned not to say or publish 9 about his new idea. He 10 to write down his ideas anyway and published his final book, Two New Sciences, in 1638. He died at the age of 77, in 1642. Galileo’s gift for asking important questions helped him make some of the greatest discoveries of his time. Today, we call him the father of modern science. 1．A．handed out B．carried out C．turned out D．worked out 2．A．unless B．until· C．after D．since 3．A．good at B．tired of C．afraid of D．satisfied with 4．A．discovered B．imagined C．developed D．bought 5．A．over B．up C．after D．through 6．A．incorrect B．indirect C．inactive D．incomplete 7．A．Usually B．Unluckily C．Simply D．Similarly 8．A．careful B．helpful C．hopeful D．powerful 9．A．something B．anything C．everything D．nothing 10．A．refused B．agreed C．continued D．regretted 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．D 6．A 7．B 8．D 9．B 10．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了伽利略善于提问，最后发现地球不是宇宙的中心。 1．句意：许多古老的学说受到质疑，结果证明是错误的。 handed out分发；carried out执行；turned out结果；worked out解决。根据“to be false”可知是结果表明这些古老的学说是错误的。故选C。 2．句意：许多人认为地球是宇宙的中心，直到一个名叫伽利略的人宣布他的发现。 unless除非；until直到；after在……之后；since自从。根据“believed that the earth was the centre of the universe...a man named Galileo announced his discovery.”可知是人们一直认为地球是宇宙的中心，直到伽利略宣布他的发现。故选B。 3．句意：从很小的时候起，他就善于提问。 be good at擅长；be tired of厌烦；be afraid of害怕；be satisfied with对……满意。根据“he was...asking questions”以及下文内容可知他善于提问。故选A。 4．句意：凭借数学知识和技术技能，他很快就研制出了自己的望远镜。 discovered发现；imagined想象；developed开发，研制；bought买。根据“one of his own”可知是研发了自己的望远镜，develop符合。故选C。 5．句意：他开始用它来研究夜空，并成为第一个通过望远镜观察月球的人。 over在上方；up向上；after在……之后；through通过。根据“a telescope”可知是通过望远镜观察月球。故选D。 6．句意：如果这是事实，那么一切围绕地球运行的想法一定是不正确的。 incorrect不正确的；indirect间接地；inactive不活跃的；incomplete不完整的。根据“If that was the truth, then the idea that everything circled the earth must be”可知如果他的发现是事实，那么之前的学说是不正确的。故选A。 7．句意：不幸的是，这个结论给他带来了很多麻烦。 Usually通过；Unluckily不幸地；Simply简单地；Similarly相似地。根据“this conclusion got him into a lot of trouble”可知这个结论给他带来了很多麻烦，这是不幸的事情。故选B。 8．句意：毕竟，他在质疑他那个时代一些最有权势的人的信仰。 careful认真的；helpful有帮助的；hopeful有希望的；powerful有影响力的，强大的。根据“some of the most...men of his time”可知是质疑那些有权势的人。故选D。 9．句意：他被警告不要对他的新想法发表任何言论。 something某事；anything任何事；everything所有事；nothing没有事。根据“He was warned not to say or publish”可知是不要对他的新想法发表任何言论，否定句中用anything。故选B。 10．句意：不管怎样，他继续写下自己的想法，并于1638年出版了他的最后一本书《两门新科学》。 refused拒绝；agreed同意；continued继续；regretted后悔。根据“to write down his idea”可知是继续把他的想法写下来。故选C。 （23-24九年级上·江苏泰州·期中）During the Qin Dynasty in China, there was a boy named Han Xin. He was born in a very 1 family and often had nothing to eat. He often went 2 but almost caught nothing. He was always hungry. One day, Han Xin was fishing at the river. An old lady saw he was very 3 and looked hungry. So she gave him a bowl of 4 . Every time he met the old lady, he never got hungry. Han Xin was very thankful to the old lady. “I promise I will do something for you 5 someday,” he said. “Why do you promise so much when you have 6 ?” she said. “I give you rice because I feel 7 that you don’t have anything to eat. I don’t expect you to repay me. If you are a real man, you will find a way to 8 yourself.” After that, Han Xin tried his best to make a living. When Han Xin 9 , he became brave and kind. He joined the army and then became a 10 . And later he became the “King of Qi” and the “King of Chu” in the Han Dynasty. He 11 many people and did many good things. Han Xin 12 forgot the old Jady. He went back to the village and took her to his palace. Han Xin bowed down to her and gave her a bowl filled with 13 . “Thank you for the gold,” she said. “You have already paid me back by becoming a strong and kind man.” The old lady 14 . The Chinese idiom “one rice, thousand gold” comes from this story. It tells us that we should always give a hand to others 15 expecting anything in return, and we should also forever remember the help from someone else. 1．A．rich B．poor C．large D．strong 2．A．swimming B．shopping C．camping D．fishing 3．A．fat B．smart C．handsome D．thin 4．A．rice B．water C．fish D．soup 5．A．in public B．in order C．in return D．in turn 6．A．something B．nothing C．everything D．anything 7．A．happy B．angry C．sorry D．relaxed 8．A．teach B．enjoy C．support D．believe 9．A．gave up B．came up C．dressed up D．grew up 10．A．leader B．learner C．businessman D．farmer 11．A．killed B．helped C．hurt D．found 12．A．usually B．sometimes C．always D．never 13．A．gold B．money C．silver D．jewellery 14．A．agreed B．nodded C．refused D．accepted 15．A．without B．by C．in D．for 【答案】 1．B 2．D 3．D 4．A 5．C 6．B 7．C 8．C 9．D 10．A 11．B 12．D 13．A 14．C 15．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了韩信的“一饭恩，千金酬”的故事。 1．句意：他出生在一个非常贫穷的家庭，经常没有吃的。 rich富有的；poor贫穷的；large巨大的；strong强壮的。根据“often had nothing to eat.”可知，经常没有吃的，说明他家里很贫穷。故选B。 2．句意：他经常去钓鱼，但几乎什么也钓不着。 swimming游泳；shopping购物；camping露营；fishing钓鱼。根据“but almost caught nothing. He was always hungry.”可知，他经常去钓鱼。故选D。 3．句意：一位老太太看到他非常瘦并且看起来很饿。 fat胖的；smart聪明的；handsome英俊的；thin瘦的。根据“...and looked hungry.”可知，他看起来很瘦。故选D。 4．句意：老太太给了他一碗米饭。 rice米饭；water水；fish鱼；soup汤。根据下文“The Chinese idiom ‘one rice, thousand gold’ comes from this story.”可知，老太太给他的是一碗米饭。故选A。 5．句意：他说，“我承诺将来会做一些事来报答你。” in public公开的；in order按顺序；in return回报；in turn反过来。根据“Every time he met the old lady, he never got hungry. Han Xin was very thankful to the old lady”可知，老太太帮助了他，所以他将来想做一些事来报答她。故选C。 6．句意：她说，“你什么都没有，为什么要许诺这么多？” something一些事情；nothing没有什么；everything每件事情；anything任何事情。根据“ ‘Why do you promise so much when you have...? ’she said.”可知，她认为韩信现在什么有没有，为何要许诺这么多。故选B。 7．句意：她说，“我给你米饭是因为我感到很难过你没有东西吃。” happy开心的；angry生气的；sorry抱歉的，难过的；relaxed放松的。根据“that you don’t have anything to eat.”可知，韩信没有吃的东西，令老太太感到很难过。故选C。 8．句意：如果你是一个真正的男人，你将找到养活你自己的方法。 teach教；enjoy享受；support支持；believe相信。根据“After that, Han Xin tried his best to make a living.”可知，后来他努力谋生，故老太太劝他找到养活自己的方法。故选C。 9．句意：当韩信长大时，他变得勇敢和善良。 gave up放弃；came up出现；dressed up打扮；grew up成长。根据“he became brave and kind. He joined the arm...”可知，他长大后，变得勇敢和善良。故选D。 10．句意：他加入了军队并成为了一名领导者。 leader领导；learner学习者；businessman商人；farmer农民。根据“He joined the army...”可知，他参军后成为了一名领导。故选A。 11．句意：他帮助了很多人并且做了很多好事。 killed杀；helped帮助；hurt伤害；found发现。根据“...and did many good things”可知，他做了很多好事，故而他帮助了很多人。故选B。 12．句意：韩信从未忘记老太太。 usually通常；sometimes有时；always总是；never从不。根据“He went back to the village and took her to his palace.”可知，他去找老太太了，说明他从没有忘记老太太。故选D。 13．句意：他向她拜了拜，给老太太一碗满满的金子。 gold黄金；money金钱；silver银；jewellery首饰。根据下文“ ‘Thank you for the gold, ’ she said.”可知，他给老太太的是金子。故选A。 14．句意：“你已经成为一个坚强、善良的男人来回报我了。”老太太拒绝道。 agreed同意；nodded点头；refused拒绝；accepted接受。根据“ ‘You have already paid me back by becoming a strong and kind man.’ ”可知，老太太认为韩信已经成为坚强善良的人来回报她了，所以老太太拒绝要黄金。故选C。 15．句意：这个故事告诉我们应该在不期望回报的情况下帮助别人，并且我们也应该永远记得别人对我们的帮助。 without没有；by被；in在……里；for为了。根据空前后关系可知，空处指“没有”期望回报的情况下帮助别人。故选A。 （2022·江苏连云港·中考真题）Zu Ti was a great man of Jin Dynasty. He was 1 for his hard work and great achievements. But when he was a child, he was a naughty (顽皮的) boy who showed little 2 in reading. As he grew up, Zu Ti 3 he didn’t have enough knowledge. And he deeply felt that he could not serve his country well. So he made up 4 mind to study hard. Zu Ti had a 5 friend named Liu Kun. They had a deep friendship. So they stayed together every day. They even slept on one bed every night and 6 at the same time every morning. One day, when they were 7 , Zu Ti heard the rooster crowing (打鸣). An 8 came to him. He woke up Liu Kun and said, “How about getting up to play swords (剑)?” 9 he was still sleepy, Liu Kun agreed with Zu Ti gladly. From then on, they got up and played swords 10 the rooster began crowing. They kept their words day after day. They never gave up no matter how 11 in winter or hot in summer. Besides, they began to study history 12 and put all their energy into reading books. 13 , they learned a great deal of knowledge and made much progress. A few years later, 14 of them grew up with talents and wisdom. At last, their 15 came true and they made great contributions to their country. This is the Chinese idiom story To Rise with the Rooster. 1．A．ready B．famous C．late D．sorry 2．A．pride B．respect C．interest D．kindness 3．A．realized B．decided C．imagined D．promised 4．A．his B．her C．its D．their 5．A．rich B．busy C．same D．close 6．A．picked up B．got up C．gave up D．made up 7．A．fighting B．discussing C．sleeping D．reading 8．A．order B．idea C．exam D．ability 9．A．Because B．Unless C．If D．Though 10．A．as well as B．as much as C．as good as D．as soon as 11．A．long B．dry C．cold D．quiet 12．A．carefully B．politely C．probably D．recently 13．A．In this way B．By the way C．In their way D．On his way 14．A．either B．all C．both D．neither 15．A．mistakes B．dreams C．hobbies D．difficulties 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．A 5．D 6．B 7．C 8．B 9．D 10．D 11．C 12．A 13．A 14．C 15．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了祖逖和刘琨闻鸡起舞的故事。 1．句意：他以努力工作和伟大的成就而闻名。 ready准备；famous著名；late迟到的；sorry抱歉的。根据“his hard work and great achievements”可知，以努力工作和伟大的成就而闻名；be famous for 因……而出名。故选B。 2．句意：但当他还是个孩子的时候，他是一个顽皮的男孩，对阅读没有什么兴趣。 pride骄傲；respect尊敬；interest兴趣；kindness善意。根据“he didn’t have enough knowledge”可知，对阅读没有什么兴趣；show interest in对……表达兴趣。故选C。 3．句意：当祖逖长大后，他意识到自己知识不够。 realized意识到；decided决定；imagined想象；promised承诺。根据“study hard”可知，意识到自己没有知识；故选A。 4．句意：所以他下定决心要努力学习。 his他的；her她的；its它的；their他们的。make up one's mind to do sth下定决心做某事，根据“he”可知，其形容词性物主代词是his；故选A。 5．句意：祖逖有个好朋友叫刘琨。 rich富有的；busy忙碌的；same同样的；close亲密的。根据“They had a deep friendship.”可知，有一个密友；故选D。 6．句意：他们甚至每天晚上睡在一张床上，每天早上在同一时间起床。 picked up捡起；got up起床；gave up放弃；made up编造。根据“They even slept on one bed every night ”可知，一起睡觉，同时起床；故选B。 7．句意：一天，当他们正在睡觉时，祖逖听到公鸡在叫。 fighting打架；discussing讨论；sleeping睡觉；reading阅读。根据“Zu Ti heard the rooster crowing”可知，睡觉的时候听到了鸡叫声；故选C。 8．句意：他想到了一个主意。 order顺序；idea想法；exam考试；ability能力。根据“He woke up Liu Kun”可知，突然有了想法；故选B。 9．句意：刘琨虽然还困着，却很高兴地答应了祖逖的要求。 Because因为；Unless除非；If如果；Though尽管。根据“Liu Kun agreed with Zu Ti gladly”可知，尽管很困，还是同意了；故选D。 10．句意：从此，（早晨）一到鸡叫，他们就起来舞剑。 as well as和……一样好；as much as和……一样多；as good as as和……一样；soon as一……就。根据“the rooster began crowing”可知，鸡一打鸣，就开始舞剑；故选D。 11．句意：无论冬天多冷，夏天多热，他们从不放弃。 long长德；dry干燥的；cold冷的；quiet安静的。根据“in winter”可知，冬天很冷；故选C。 12．句意：此外，他们开始认真研究历史，把所有的精力放在读书上。 carefully仔细地；politely礼貌地；probably大概；recently最近。根据“put all their energy into reading books”可知，认真学习；故选A。 13．句意：通过这种方式，他们学到了很多知识，取得了很大的进步。 In this way用这种方式；By the way顺便问一句；In their way挡道；On his way在……的路上。根据上文内容可知，通过这种方式；故选A。 14．句意：几年后，他们都带着才华和智慧长大了。 either两者中任意一个；all三者或以上都；both两者都；neither两者都不。根据“grew up with talents and wisdom”可知，两个人都变得有才华；故选C。 15．句意：最后，他们的梦想实现了，他们为国家做出了巨大的贡献。 mistakes错误；dreams梦想；hobbies爱好；difficulties困难。根据“came true”可知，梦想实现；故选B。 （22-23九年级上·江苏镇江·阶段练习）As one of China’s most experienced astronauts, Chinese astronaut Nie Haisheng has been to space three times – on the Shenzhou VI, Shenzhou X and Shenzhou XII missions (任务). In 2021, Nie 1 as commander (指令长) of the Shenzhou XII mission. Nie and his two crewmates became the first people to live and work in China’s Tiangong 2 station for three months. He won the title (称号) of “hero astronaut” 3 the Shenzhou VI mission. Dreaming of becoming a soldier, Nie joined the PLA Air Force as a fighter pilot trainee (战斗机飞行员新兵) in 1983 after finishing high school. He did 4 in high-pressure situations. Once, his fighter broke down. He didn’t 5 up trying to fix the problem until the very last minute – when the plane was just 400 meters 6 the ground. Then, he jumped out of it with a parachute (降落伞). With 1,480 hours of flight time, Nie 7 a first-grade pilot. In 1998, he joined the country’s first team of astronauts. He 8 countless (数不清的) hours training hard to prepare to fly to space. And he kept 9 , too. In 2021, he got a doctoral degree (博士学位). “You’re never 10 old to learn.” the 57-year-old man said. 1．A．worked B．studied C．travelled D．played 2．A．space B．railway C．police D．power 3．A．before B．after C．unitl D．when 4．A．good B．bad C．well D．badly 5．A．get B．give C．take D．put 6．A．above B．over C．on D．off 7．A．began B．stopped C．were D．became 8．A．was B．took C．spent D．paid 9．A．study B．learn C．relaxing D．learning 10．A．so B．too C．such D．like 【答案】 1．A 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．B 6．A 7．D 8．C 9．D 10．B 【导语】本文主要介绍中国最有经验的一名宇航员——聂海胜。 1．句意：2021年，聂海胜担任神舟十二号任务指令长。 worked“工作”；studied“学习”；travelled“旅行”；played“玩耍”。根据“as commander of the Shenzhou XII mission”可知，用work as“担任……”，表示“担任神舟十二号任务指令长”，故选A。 2．句意：聂海胜和他的两个同乘人员成为在中国天宫空间站生活和工作三个月的第一批人。 space“空间”；railway“铁路”；police“警察”；power“力量”。根据“China’s Tiangong”可知，表示“天宫空间站”，space station“太空站”，故选A。 3．句意：在神舟六号任务完成后，他获得了“英雄宇航员”的称号。 before“在……之前”；after“在……之后”；until“直到”；when“当……时候”。根据句意可知，在神舟六号任务结束后，获得称号，故选B。 4．句意：他在高压情况下做得很好。 good“好的”，形容词；bad“坏的，糟糕的”，形容词；well“好地”，副词；badly“糟糕地”，副词。空处修饰动词“did”，用副词形式；且根据“He didn’t give up trying to fix the problem until the very last minute”可知，表示他做得好，故选C。 5．句意：直到最后一刻，当飞机离地面只有400米的时候，他才放弃尝试解决这个问题。 get“得到”；give“给”；take“拿走”；put“放”。根据“until the very last minute – when the plane was just 400 meters above the ground”可知，直到飞机离地面只有400米的时候，他才放弃尝试，give up“放弃”。故选B。 6．句意：直到最后一刻，当飞机离地面只有400米的时候，他才放弃尝试解决这个问题。 above“在……上方”，不垂直；over“在……上方”，垂直向上；on“在……上”；off“离开”。根据“the ground”可知，用above the ground“在地面上”，故选A。 7．句意：拥有1480小时的飞行时间，聂海胜成为一名一级的飞行员。 began“开始”；stopped“停止”；were“是”；became“成为”。根据“a first-grade pilot”可知，表示“成为一名一级的飞行员”，故选D。 8．句意：他花了数不清的时间刻苦训练，为飞向太空做准备。 was“是”；took“花费”，常用于“It took sb+时间/钱+to do sth”结构；spent“花费”，常用于“人+spend+时间/钱+(in) doing/on sth”结构；paid“支付”，常用于“人+paid+钱+for+物”结构。根据“countless hours training hard”可知，用spent，故选C。 9．句意：并且他也坚持学习。 study“学习”，动词原形；learn“学习”，动词原形；relaxing“放松”，动名词以及现在分词形式；learning“学习”，动名词以及现在分词形式。根据“kept”可知，用doing形式；且根据“In 2021, he got a doctoral degree”可知，表示“坚持学习”，故选D。 10．句意：这个57岁的男人说：“活到老，学到老”。 so“如此”，常用于“so+adj/adv+that”结构；too“太……”，常用于“too...to...”结构；such“如此”，常用于“such+a/an+adj+可数名词单数+that”或“such+adj+可数名词复数/不可数名词+that”结构中；like“喜欢、像”。根据“old to learn”可知，用too，故选B。 （2023·江苏常州·一模）阅读下面短文从短文后各题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项、并在答题卡上将该项涂黑 Xu Yuanchong, China’s most famous master translator, passed away in Beijing at the age of 100 in June in 2021. He was known for his translation of 1 Chinese poems into English and French that have gained worldwide recognition(认可). Xu put his effort into translation for more than 60 years. Translated 2 is “a beautiful art for the whole world”for him. His academic(学术) career began during the college years when he studied at the National Southwest Associated University. In 1939, he 3 an English translation of a poem written bya Chinese poet Lin Huiyin, which is generally known as his 4 work. Xu spent some years in France studying French literature in the late 1940s. He then went back to China after graduation and 5 himself to translation ever since. Xu was the first Chinese person to translate Chinese poetry into English and French in rhyme. “The greatest joy of an individual(个人) is to be with the people you 6 and do what you like to do. The greatest joy on the earth is to introduce the 7 created by a person to the whole world,” Xu once said. Xu was 8 with the Lifetime Achievement Award in Translation in 2010. He was also the first Asian 9 to win the Aurora Borealis Prize for Outstanding Translation of Fiction Literature—one of the highest 10 among international translators. Xu’s works have served as a 11 bridge linking the East to the West. English-speaking and French-speaking readers are able to better understand Chinese literature 12 Xu’s translations. Meanwhile, Chinese readers can enjoy foreign works. 1．A．common B．present C．ancient D．popular 2．A．history B．culture C．picture D．literature 3．A．read B．published C．wrote D．studied 4．A．least B．worst C．earliest D．latest 5．A．enjoyed B．devoted C．taught D．improved 6．A．mind B．hate C．know D．like 7．A．technology B．magic C．beauty D．time 8．A．offered B．introduced C．presented D．marked 9．A．translator B．writer C．speaker D．organizer 10．A．classes B．awards C．tops D．areas 11．A．practical B．straight C．cultural D．traditional 12．A．during B．through C．with D．beyond 【答案】 1．C 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．B 6．D 7．C 8．C 9．A 10．B 11．C 12．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了许渊冲的事迹。 1．句意：他以将中国古诗翻译成英语和法语而闻名，并获得了全世界的认可。 common常见的；present目前的；ancient古老的；popular流行的。根据“Chinese poems”可知是指中国的古诗，故选C。 2．句意：在他看来，翻译文学是“一门献给全世界的美丽艺术”。 history历史；culture文化；picture图片；literature文学。根据上文“Chinese poem”可知古诗属于文学部分，故选D。 3．句意：1939年，他出版了中国诗人林徽因的一首诗的英译本，这首诗被认为是他最早的作品。 read阅读；published出版；wrote写；studied学习。根据“In 1939, he...an English translation of a poem written bya Chinese poet Lin Huiyin”结合语境可知应该是出版了一首诗的英译本，故选B。 4．句意：1939年，他出版了中国诗人林徽因的一首诗的英译本，这首诗被认为是他最早的作品。 least最少；worst最坏的；earliest最早的；latest最新的。根据“English translation of a poem written bya Chinese poet Lin Huiyin, which is generally known as his...work.”结合选项可知这应该是他最早的作品。故选C。 5．句意：毕业回国后，他一直致力于翻译事业。 enjoyed享受；devoted奉献；taught教；improved提高。根据“He then went back to China after graduation and...himself to translation ever since.”可知许渊冲致力于翻译事业。devote oneself“致力于”，故选B。 6．句意：一个人最大的快乐就是和自己喜欢的人在一起，做自己喜欢做的事。 mind介意；hate讨厌；know知道；like喜欢。根据“The greatest joy of an individual(个人) is to be with the people”可知和自己喜欢的人在一起是一个人最大的快乐，故选D。 7．句意：世界上最大的快乐就是把一个人创造的美介绍给全世界。 technology科技；magic魔法；beauty美丽；time时间。根据“he greatest joy on the earth is to introduce the...created by a person to the whole world”结合前后语境可知许渊冲认为世界上最大的快乐就是把一个人创造的美介绍给全世界。故选C。 8．句意：2010年，许被授予翻译终身成就奖。 offered提供；introduced介绍；presented授予；marked标记。根据“with the Lifetime Achievement Award in Translation in 2010.”可知许渊冲被授予翻译终身成就奖。故选C。 9．句意：他也是第一位获得国际翻译家最高奖项之一的北极光小说文学杰出翻译奖的亚洲翻译家。 translator翻译家；writer作家；speaker演讲者；organizer组织者。根据上文“Xu Yuanchong, China’s most famous master translator”可知许渊冲是一位翻译家，故选A。 10．句意：他也是第一位获得国际翻译家最高奖项之一的北极光小说文学杰出翻译奖的亚洲翻译家。 classes班级；awards奖；tops顶部；areas地区。根据“win the Aurora Borealis Prize for Outstanding Translation of Fiction Literature”可知北极光小说文学杰出翻译奖是国际翻译家最高奖项之一，故选B。 11．句意：许的作品已经成为连接东西方的文化桥梁。 practical实践的；straight直的；cultural文化的；traditional传统的。根据“bridge linking the East to the West”结合上文“Chinese poems into English and French that have gained worldwide recognition(认可).”可知许渊冲的作品成为连接东西方的文化桥梁。故选C。 12．句意：通过他的翻译，英语和法语国家的读者能够更好地理解中国文学。 during在……期间；through通过；with和；beyond超过。根据“English-speaking and French-speaking readers are able to better understand Chinese literature...Xu’s translations”可知通过许渊冲的翻译，很多英语和法语国家的读者能够更好地理解中国文学。故选B。 （2023·江苏南京·二模）请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 In the city of London about 150 years ago, many people started to get very sick. The sickness they had was called “cholera”(霍乱). The disease caused 1 among Londoners because nobody knew how to prevent it or cure it. Most doctors thought that people got cholera from breathing in 2 air. They told patients to open their windows and breathe in fresh air as much as possible. Some doctors told their patients to drink lots of water or take certain medicine. However, their advice did not 3 . They did not know what to do. John Snow was a doctor and scientist who had a(n) 4 idea. He thought that cholera might have been spreading through the water that people were drinking. Maybe polluted water was making everyone sick. At first, nobody paid much attention to Dr. Snow. They believed that cholera was spread through the air and that water was not the 5 . Dr. Snow developed a plan to prove his theory (理论). He went to different neighbourhoods in London and 6 their water. He also counted the number of sick people in each neighbourhood. It was just as he had thought! The neighbourhoods with the cleanest water had the 7 sick people. The places with the dirtiest water had the greatest number of sick people. This proved his theory that cholera was spread through dirty water. The other doctors finally 8 that Dr. Snow was right. All over London, people stopped drinking water that might be polluted. Almost 9 , people stopped getting sick. All it took was clean water. Thanks to Dr. John Snow, we also know how to stop many other sicknesses that can be spread through dirty water. We would not know about the risks of dirty water if it were not for Dr. John Snow’s hard work and 10 . Dr. Snow may not be as famous as Batman or Wonder Woman, but he is a hero. 1．A．stress B．pain C．fear D．hunger 2．A．cold B．warm C．clean D．polluted 3．A．work B．matter C．accept D．appear 4．A．different B．similar C．strange D．amazing 5．A．case B．result C．problem D．disease 6．A．heated B．tested C．drank D．cleared 7．A．largest B．smallest C．most D．fewest 8．A．doubted B．mentioned C．supposed D．realized 9．A．at once B．at least C．at present D．at last 10．A．treatment B．discovery C．technology D．invention 【答案】 1．C 2．D 3．A 4．A 5．C 6．B 7．D 8．D 9．A 10．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了斯诺医生是如何发现霍乱的传染途径并终止霍乱传播的。 1．句意：这种疾病引起了伦敦人的恐慌，因为没有人知道如何预防或治疗它。 stress压力；pain疼痛；fear害怕，恐惧；hunger饥饿。根据“because nobody knew how to prevent it or cure it.”可知，这引起了伦敦人的恐慌。故选C。 2．句意：大多数医生认为人们因吸入被污染的空气而得霍乱。 cold寒冷的；warm温暖的；clean干净的；polluted被污染的。根据“people got cholera from breathing in…air.”可知，应该是吸入了被污染的空气。故选D。 3．句意：然而，他们的建议没有奏效。 work奏效，起作用；matter要紧；accept接受；appear出现。根据“They did not know what to do.”可知，他们的建议没有奏效。故选A。 4．句意：约翰·斯诺是一位医生，也是一位科学家，他有不同的想法。 different不同的；similar类似的；strange奇怪的；amazing令人惊奇的。根据“He thought that cholera might have been spreading through the water that people were drinking.”以及“Most doctors thought that people got cholera from breathing in…air.”可知，斯诺医生有不同的观点。故选A。 5．句意：他们认为霍乱是通过空气传播的，水不是问题所在。 case案件；result结果；problem问题；disease疾病。根据“They believed that cholera was spread through the air”可知，其他的医生认为水不是问题所在。故选C。 6．句意：他去了伦敦不同的街区，并检测了他们的水。 heated加热；tested测试，检测；drank喝；cleared清理。根据“He went to different neighbourhoods in London and…their water.”可知，斯诺医生应该是对水进行了检测。故选B。 7．句意：水最干净的社区患病人数最少。 largest最大的；smallest最小的；most最多的；fewest最少的。根据“The places with the dirtiest water had the greatest number of sick people.”可知，水最干净的社区患病人数最少。故选D。 8．句意：其他医生终于意识到斯诺医生是对的。 doubted怀疑；mentioned提到；supposed支持；realized意识到。根据“The other doctors finally…that Dr. Snow was right.”可知，其他医生终于意识到斯诺医生是对的。故选D。 9．句意：几乎在同一时间，人们不再生病了。 at once立刻；at least至少；at present现在；at last最终。根据“All over London, people stopped drinking water that might be polluted.”可知，人们不再喝受污染的水后，立刻就不生病了。故选A。 10．句意：如果不是约翰·斯诺医生的辛勤工作和发现，我们就不会知道污水的危害。 treatment治疗；discovery发现；technology技术；invention发明。根据“This proved his theory that cholera was spread through dirty water.”可知，这是斯诺医生的发现。故选B。 （2023·江苏连云港·二模）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Liu Gongquan was a famous Chinese calligrapher (书法家). He was smart and showed a gift for calligraphy 1 an early age. He was so proud of his 2 and often displayed his calligraphy works to others proudly. One day, he was 3 again. A man who sold tofu saw his works and said, “Your handwriting is not 4 enough. You have nothing to be proud of.” Liu felt angry and said, “ 5 don’t you write a few characters for us to judge (评判)?” The man smiled and said, “I 6 write well. But someone writes much better than you with his 7 ! If you don’t believe me, you can go to the city and see for 8 .” The next day, Liu got up very early and went to the city. When he arrived, he saw many people 9 under a big tree. They were watching a(n) 10 man without arms writing with his feet. His handwriting was beautiful and brought loud cheers. Liu was 11 and wanted to learn calligraphy from the old man. 12 . the old man refused to teach him. 13 he couldn’t teach Liu calligraphy, he told the boy his secret to 14 —hard work and persistence (毅力). Liu kept the old man’s words in mind and 15 hard. At last, he became a top calligrapher. 1．A．at B．on C．in D．of 2．A．age B．looks C．talent D．job 3．A．showing off B．falling down C．getting away D．hurrying up 4．A．correct B．big C．clear D．good 5．A．What B．Why C．How D．Who 6．A．mustn’t B．can’t C．must D．can 7．A．feet B．hand C．mouth D．nose 8．A．themselves B．yourselves C．himself D．yourself 9．A．playing B．standing C．singing D．reading 10．A．tall B．kind C．old D．ugly 11．A．lonely B．lazy C．afraid D．amazed 12．A．Anyway B．Moreover C．However D．Therefore 13．A．Unless B．Though C．Because D．Whether 14．A．success B．happiness C．growth D．friendship 15．A．imagined B．practiced C．thought D．chose 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．B 6．B 7．A 8．D 9．B 10．C 11．D 12．C 13．B 14．A 15．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了著名书法家柳公权在城中见识到有人更厉害后，更下苦心练习书法，从而成为一代名家的故事。 1．句意：他很聪明，在很小的时候就表现出了书法的天赋。 at在；on在上面；in在里面；of……的。短语at an early age表示“在很小的时候”。故选A。 2．句意：他为自己才华而自豪，经常自豪地向别人展示自己的书法作品。 age年龄；looks外表；talent天赋；job工作。根据“showed a gift for calligraphy”可知表现出了书法的天赋，因此是为天赋感到自豪。故选C。 3．句意：有一天，他又在炫耀了。 showing off炫耀；falling down掉落；getting away远离；hurrying up匆忙。根据“often displayed his calligraphy works to others proudly.”可知经常自豪地向别人展示自己的书法作品，因此是炫耀。故选A。 4．句意：你的字迹不够好。 correct正确的；big大的；clear清晰的；good好的。根据“You have nothing to be proud of”可知你没有什么值得骄傲的，因此是不够好。故选D。 5．句意：你为什么不写几个字让我们判断? What什么；Why为什么；How怎样；Who谁。句型why don’t you do sth表示“为何不做某事”。故选B。 6．句意：我写得不好。 mustn’t禁止；can’t不可以；must必须；can可以。从前文可知，男人被提议写字，此处应表示不能够写得好。故选B。 7．句意：但是有人用脚写得比你好得多。 feet脚；hand手；mouth嘴巴；nose鼻子。根据后文的“writing with his feet. His handwriting was beautiful and brought loud cheers.”可知有人用脚写字。故选A。 8．句意：如果你不相信我，你可以去城里亲眼看看。 themselves他们自己；yourselves你们自己；himself他自己；yourself你自己。根据“If you don’t believe me”可知，主语是you指代柳公权一人，应用yourself。故选D。 9．句意：当他到达时，他看到许多人站在一棵大树下。 playing玩；standing站；singing唱歌；reading读书。根据“They were watching a(n)...man without arms writing with his feet. ”可知很多人看男人写字，因此是站着。故选B。 10．句意：他们看着一个没有胳膊的老人用脚写字。 tall高的；kind友好的；old老的；ugly丑陋的。根据“wanted to learn calligraphy from the old man. ”可知，是老人。故选C。 11．句意：柳大为一惊，想向老人学习书法。 lonely孤独的；lazy懒惰的；afraid害怕的；amazed惊喜的。根据“wanted to learn calligraphy from the old man. ”可知想向老人学习书法，因此是很惊喜的。故选D。 12．句意：然而，老人拒绝教他。 Anyway无论如何；Moreover而且；However然而；Therefore因此。根据“wanted to learn calligraphy from the old man. ”可知想向老人学习书法，前后是转折，应用however。故选C。 13．句意：虽然他不会教柳书法。 Unless除非；Though虽然；Because因为；Whether是否。根据“he couldn’t teach Liu calligraphy, he told the boy his secret”可知前后是转折让步关系，应用though连接，引导让步状语从句。故选B。 14．句意：他告诉男孩他成功的秘诀——努力和坚持。 success成功；happiness幸福；growth成长；friendship友谊。根据“His handwriting was beautiful and brought loud cheers.”可知他的字迹很漂亮，带来了响亮的欢呼声。因此是成功的。故选A。 15．句意：柳牢记老人的话，努力练习。 imagined想象；practiced练习；thought想；chose选择。从前文可知要努力和坚持才会成功，因此是努力练习。故选B。 （2024·江苏常州·一模）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Life at Cambridge was exciting for Charles. Then bug (虫子)-collecting was a 1 activity among the students there. They would spend a lot of time looking for insects and hold competitions to see who could find the most 2 bugs! Bug-mad Charles soon became one of these “collectors”. 3 , while looking for bugs, Charles found a dead tree—a great place to look for new insects! He pulled away some of its bark (树皮) and found a very beautiful bug, which he caught with one hand. He then found 4 , and caught it in his other hand. That was 5 he saw a very unusual bug running around. Thinking quickly, he put one of the insects he was holding into his 6 so he could catch the new one. In a second, he realized he had made a big 7 —the bug in his mouth let out some sour juice that made him spit (吐) it out. In a cough, he 8 all three bugs and had to start looking all over again! He couldn’t help but 9 at what had happened: how amazing! It also gave him a great idea: why not 10 a club where he and his friends could taste other unusual things? Charles set up the Glutton Club to share his interest in 11 strange creatures. The members would serve different insects and then compare their tastes to see which tasted best. The boy who loved bugs never lost his interest in 12 the secrets of nature. He would go on to have many exciting adventures (冒险) and discover many amazing things. You might not have guessed that the boy in this story is Charles Darwin. 1．A．hidden B．popular C．small D．challenging 2．A．strange B．delicious C．expensive D．unusual 3．A．Once B．Finally C．Firstly D．Later 4．A．the other B．others C．another D．the one 5．A．when B．where C．how D．why 6．A．pocket B．mouth C．hair D．shoe 7．A．achievement B．success C．surprise D．mistake 8．A．killed B．hurt C．lost D．caught 9．A．cry B．laugh C．shake D．scream 10．A．start B．manage C．choose D．control 11．A．catching B．raising C．eating D．holding 12．A．filming B．telling C．watching D．exploring 【答案】 1．B 2．D 3．A 4．C 5．A 6．B 7．D 8．C 9．B 10．A 11．C 12．D 【导语】本文讲了达尔文读书时热衷收集昆虫，创立美食俱乐部品尝奇异生物，为日后探索自然奥秘奠定基础。 1．句意：那时，收集虫子是那里学生的一项流行活动。 hidden隐藏的；popular受欢迎的，流行的；small小的；challenging有挑战性的。根据“They would spend a lot of time looking for insects and hold competitions”可知，人们会花很多时间寻找虫子，由此推测这个活动很流行。故选B。 2．句意：他们会花很多时间寻找昆虫并举行比赛，看看谁能找到最不寻常的虫子！ strange奇怪的；delicious美味的；expensive昂贵的；unusual不同寻常的。根据下文“he saw a very unusual bug running around.”可知，他们要找的是最不同寻常的虫子。故选D。 3．句意：有一次，在寻找虫子时，查尔斯发现了一棵枯树——一个寻找新昆虫的好地方！ Once有一次；Finally最终；Firstly首先；Later后来。根据“while looking for bugs, Charles found a dead tree—a great place to look for new insects”可知，此处讲的是他的一次寻找虫子的经历，所以填“有一次”，其他选项不符合句意，故选A。 4．句意：然后他找到了另一只虫子，并用另一只手抓住了它。 the other两者中的另一个；others其他的（人或物）；another再一，另一；the one那一个。根据“He then found...”可知，此处泛指发现了另一只虫子，无范围，所以填another。故选C。 5．句意：就在这时，他看到一只非常不寻常的虫子到处跑。 when……的时候；where……的地方；how……的方式；why……的原因。根据“and caught it in his other hand. That was...he saw a very unusual bug running around.”可知，此处指在用另一只手抓住虫子的时候看到一只非常不寻常的虫子，应用when引导从句，故选A。 6．句意：他快速地思考着，把手里拿着的一只昆虫放进嘴里，这样他就可以抓住新的昆虫了。 pocket口袋；mouth嘴巴；hair头发；shoe鞋子。根据下文“the bug in his mouth”可知，他把虫子放进了嘴里，故选B。 7．句意：一秒钟后，他意识到自己犯了一个大错误——他嘴里的虫子吐出了一些酸汁，让他吐了出来。 achievement成就；success成功；surprise惊喜；mistake错误。根据“the bug in his mouth let out some sour juice that made him spit (吐) it out”可知，虫子吐出的酸汁使他不舒服，所以他认为把虫子放进嘴巴是一个错误的决定，故选D。 8．句意：在咳嗽中，他失去了所有三只虫子，不得不重新开始寻找！ killed杀死；hurt伤害；lost失去；caught抓住。根据“had to start looking all over again!”可知，需要重新再找虫子，应是之前的虫子都丢失了，故选C。 9．句意：他忍不住对所发生的事情大笑起来：真是太神奇了！ cry哭；laugh大笑；shake摇晃；scream尖叫。根据“how amazing”可知，此处指“大笑”，故选B。 10．句意：这也给了他一个好主意：为什么不开一个俱乐部，让他和他的朋友们可以品尝到其他不寻常的东西呢？ start开设；manage管理；choose选择；control控制。根据“set up the Glutton Club”可知，此处指“开设一个俱乐部”，故选A。 11．句意：查尔斯成立了饕餮俱乐部，以分享他对吃奇怪生物的兴趣。 catching抓；raising养；eating吃；holding握住。根据“compare their tastes”可知，此处指“吃奇怪的生物”，故选C。 12．句意：这个喜欢虫子的男孩从未失去探索大自然奥秘的兴趣。 filming拍摄；telling讲；watching看；exploring探索。根据“He would go on to have many exciting adventures (冒险) and discover many amazing things.”可知，此处指“探索大自然”，故选D。 （2024·江苏盐城·一模）Huan Gong was the king of the state of Qi in the Spring and Autumn Period. He wanted to enlist (招募) 1 men from different places. To show his sincerity, he had a bright torch (火炬) lit in front of his 2 day and night. The torch had been burning for one whole year, and yet 3 came. One day, a 4 from the eastern suburb wished to meet Huan Gong, saying that he had the ability to recite (背诵) the multiplication table (乘法表). When Huan Gong heard of this, he thought it was 5 . And he sent an officer to tell the farmer, “ 6 could you hope to see the king just because you can recite the multiplication table?” The farmer 7 , “I hear that the torch before the palace has been burning for one year, but there wasn’t anybody coming. This is because His Majesty is a king of great talent. All the talented men near and 8 couldn’t be certain whether His Majesty would think highly of them. 9 they dared (敢) not come to see him. My ability of reciting the multiplication table is truly of 10 importance. However, if His Majesty could receive me 11 , then he need not worry that those with real ability and learning would not come.” He then continued, “Mount Tai is huge because it 12 refuses any single small stone; the sea is deep because it 13 every small stream together. The Book of Song says, ‘The wise kings of ancient times often went to farmers who cut firewood and grass to 14 their advice. Only in this way can you pool the wisdom of the people.’” Hearing this, Huan Gong nodded repeatedly, and treated him 15 respect. As expected,within one month, many talented men from all places came one after another to see Huan Gong. 1．A．kind B．rich C．lucky D．able 2．A．garden B．palace C．square D．castle 3．A．nobody B．somebody C．anybody D．everybody 4．A．farmer B．worker C．learner D．officer 5．A．wise B．funny C．attractive D．popular 6．A．What B．Who C．Why D．How 7．A．doubted B．asked C．replied D．ordered 8．A．far B．long C．soon D．often 9．A．As B．So C．Or D．But 10．A．much B．little C．few D．many 11．A．rudely B．peacefully C．politely D．angrily 12．A．always B．sometimes C．often D．never 13．A．gathers B．breaks C．divides D．covers 14．A．look for B．ask for C．pay for D．wait for 15．A．from B．about C．with D．except 【答案】 1．D 2．B 3．A 4．A 5．B 6．D 7．C 8．A 9．B 10．B 11．C 12．D 13．A 14．B 15．C 【导语】本文介绍了齐桓公“庭燎求贤”的故事。 1．句意：他想从不同的地方招募能人。 kind善良；rich富有；lucky幸运的；able能够。根据“he need not worry that those with real ability and learning would not come”可知，他想招募有才能的人。故选D。 2．句意：为了表示诚意，他命人日夜在宫殿前点燃火炬。 garden花园；palace宫殿；square广场；castle城堡。根据“I hear that the torch before the palace has been burning for one year”可知宫前的火炬已经燃烧一年了。故选B。 3．句意：火炬已经燃烧了整整一年，却没有人来。 nobody没有人；somebody某人；anybody任何一个人；everybody每个人。根据后文“but there wasn’t  anybody coming”可知是没有人来。故选A。 4．句意：一日，东郊农夫欲见桓公。 farmer农民；worker工人；learner学者；officer办公室职员。根据“he sent an officer to tell the farmer”(他派了一名官员去告诉农夫)可知是农夫。故选A。 5．句意：桓公听了，觉得好笑。 wise精明的；funny滑稽的；attractive有吸引力；popular受欢迎的。根据“...could you hope to see the king just because you can recite the multiplication table”可知你会背九九乘法口诀表，怎么能指望见到国王呢，所以感到好笑。故选B。 6．句意：你会背九九乘法口诀表，怎么能指望见到国王呢？ What什么；Who谁；Why为什么；How如何。根据“...could you hope to see the king just because you can recite the multiplication table”结合所给选项，应是如何能见到。故选D。 7．句意：农夫回答说：“听说宫前的火把已经烧了一年了，但是没有人来。” doubted怀疑；asked问；replied回答；ordered订购。横线后是回复前文的问句，所以是replied。故选C。 8．句意：远近的才子们，都不确定陛下会不会看重他们。 far远；long长；soon不久；often经常。根据“All the talented men near and...”可知，应是远近的才子们，所以是far。故选A。 9．句意：所以他们不敢来看他。 As因为；So因此；Or或者；But但是。横线后说的是结果，所以是so。故选B。 10．句意：我背乘法表的能力确实不重要。 much许多，修饰不可数名词；little少，修饰不可数名词；few少，修饰可数名词；many许多，修饰可数名词。根据后文的“However, if His Majesty could receive me...”可知，前文是说不重要，importance是不可数名词，应用little。故选B。 11．句意：不过，如果陛下能够客客气气地接待我，那就不用担心有真才实学的人不来了。 rudely粗鲁地；peacefully和平地；politely有礼貌地；angrily生气地。根据后文“then he need not worry that those with real ability and learning would not come”可知那就不用担心有真才实学的人不来了，所以是有礼貌地接待。故选C。 12．句意：泰山之所以伟大，是因为它从不拒绝任何一颗小石头。 always总是；sometimes有时；often经常；never绝不。根据“Mount Tai is huge because it...refuses any single small stone”可知泰山之所以伟大，是因为它不拒绝任何一颗小石头。故选D。 13．句意：海之所以深，是因为它汇聚了每一条细流。 gathers聚集；breaks打破；divides分成；covers覆盖。根据主语是大海，所以是汇集了溪流。故选A。 14．句意：古代贤明的君王常常到砍柴砍草的农民那里去寻求建议。 look for寻找；ask for寻求；pay for支付；wait for等待。根据横线后“their advice”，所以是寻求建议。故选B。 15．句意：桓公闻言连连点头，对他恭恭敬敬。 from从；about关于；with具有；except除了。根据“treated him... respect”可知对待他很尊重，用with表示伴随。故选C。 （23-24九年级上·江苏苏州·期中）“Dr. Deep Sea” Lives Underwater for 100 Days Dr. Joseph Dituri, also known as “Dr. Deep Sea”, has just finished an amazing adventure (冒险), the University of South Florida teacher lived in a small room underwater. He set a new world record, beating the 1 record of 73 days. On March 1st, Dr. Dituri, who’s 55, began the project. His goal was to stay for 100 days at a special underwater hotel. The farther you go below the ocean’s surface(表面), the 2 the pressure (气压) is. Dr. Dituri wanted to learn how this pressure would 3 the human body over time. He believes that high pressure could help people live longer and stay healthier 4 they get older. It could also help doctors treat different medical diseases, 5 brain problems. While he was living underwater, Dr. Dituri stayed 6 . He often exercised in the morning. He kept teaching his college classes, and he had online chats with over 5, 500 students from 15 different countries. The doctor had a number of 7 who dove (潜水) down to spend a little time with him. Dr. Dituri said what he missed the most when he was underwater was sunshine. Last Friday, June 9, Dr. Dituri returned to the surface 8 able to see the sun again. Many friends, family, and supporters were there to greet him and celebrate his 9 . Dr. Dituri and his team of doctors plan to study the information they 10 during the project. He says his favorite part of the project was talking with young people. “Who knows?” he said, “Maybe one day, one of them will come back and break the record we just set.” 1．A．extra B．perfect C．old D．terrible 2．A．deeper B．lower C．smaller D．greater 3．A．discover B．require C．influence D．appear 4．A．as B．because C．since D．whenever 5．A．without B．including C．towards D．through 6．A．free B．calm C．healthy D．busy 7．A．visitors B．leaders C．teachers D．families 8．A．quickly B．gently C．finally D．hardly 9．A．attention B．treatment C．discovery D．achievement 10．A．prepared B．discussed C．collected D．provided 【答案】 1．C 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．B 6．D 7．A 8．C 9．D 10．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述约瑟夫·迪图里博士，也被称为“深海博士”，创下了在水下生活100天的新世界纪录，以研究高压对人体的影响。在水下期间，他坚持授课，并与来自15个不同国家和地区的5500多名学生在线交流。 1．句意：他创造了新的世界纪录，打破了73天的旧纪录。 extra额外的；perfect完美的；old老的，旧的；terrible糟糕的。根据“beating the...record of 73 days.”可知，打破了过去73天的记录。故选C。 2．句意：去到海洋表面以下越远，气压就越大。 deeper更深；lower更低；smaller更小；greater更大的。根据“The farther you go below the ocean’s surface(表面), ”可知，到海洋表面以下越远，气压越大。故选D。 3．句意：Dituri博士想知道随着时间的推移，这种压力是如何影响人体的。 discover发现；require需要；influence影响；appear出现。根据“He believes that high pressure could help people live longer and stay healthier ”可知，他相信高压能帮助人们活着更久，更健康，故而他想知道气压如何影响人体。故选C。 4．句意：他相信随着年龄的增长，高压可以帮助人们活得更长，更健康。 as随着；because因为；since自从；whenever无论何时。根据“...they get older.”可知，随着年龄的增长。故选A。 5．句意：它还可以帮助医生治疗不同的医学疾病，包括大脑问题。 without没有；including包括；towards朝着；through穿过。根据“It could also help doctors treat different medical diseases,... brain problems.”可知，不同的医学疾病中包括大脑问题。故选B。 6．句意：在水在生活期间，Dituri博士保持忙碌。 free自由的；calm冷静的；healthy健康的；busy忙的。根据“He often exercised in the morning. He kept teaching his college classes, and he had online chats with over 5, 500 students from 15 different countries.”可知，在水下生活期间，他并没有闲着，一直保持忙碌。故选D。 7．句意：有很多来访者也潜下去与他共度一些时间。 visitors来访者；leaders领导；teachers老师；families家人。根据“who dove (潜水) down to spend a little time with him.”可知，空处指去看望他的人，即“来访者”。故选A。 8．句意：上周五，6月9日，Dituri博士回到了地面，他终于能够再次看到太阳。 quickly快速地；gently温柔地；finally终于；hardly几乎不。根据“Dr. Dituri said what he missed the most when he was underwater was sunshine.”可知，他说他在水下最想念的是阳光，故而他返回地面后终于再次看到太阳。故选C。 9．句意：很多朋友、家人和支持者都在那里迎接他，并庆祝他的成就。 attention注意；treatment待遇；discovery发现；achievement成就。根据“celebrate his... ”可知，空处指庆祝他的成就。故选D。 10．句意：Dituri博士和他的医生团队计划研究他在该项目期间收集的信息。 perpared准备；discussed讨论；collected收集；provided提供。根据“the information they... during the project.”可知，空处是指他在水下生活期间收集的信息。故选C。 （23-24九年级上·江苏盐城·期中）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 April 8, 2023 is the 50th anniversary (纪念日) of the death of the famous artist Pablo Picasso (巴勃罗•毕加索). About 50 museums worldwide are holding 1 to remember him. Growing up Pablo Picasso was born on October 25, 1881 in Malaga, Spain. His father was an art teacher. 2 Picasso was about 10, he began attending his dad’s lessons. The boy 3 showed a talent or art. At the age of 14, he painted a picture of his Aunt Pepa that has been 4 by many people for catching her facial expression. Two years later, he moved to Barcelona and joined a group of 5 . Picasso’s new friends 6 exciting developments in art and culture in Paris, France. Soon, Picasso began 7 much of his time in Paris. From blue to rose The 8 of a close friend in 1901 marked the start of Picasso’s “Blue Period”. For about three years, blue was the most 9 color in his paintings and his work was mainly about sadness and loneliness. By 1904, Picasso was beginning to feel 10 . That spring, he moved to Paris. He began 11 circus performers (马戏团表演者) with brighter, redder colors, which meant the start of the “Rose Period”.     Breaking the rules     Between about 1907 and 1914, Picasso and his friend Georges Braque began trying a new style of art. Unlike most Western artists at that time, 12 didn’t try to describe nature. Instead, they divided objects 13 smaller shapes, and then put them back together in surprising ways. They 14 showed the same object from several points of view, all in one work of art. This new style became known as Cubism (立体派). A lifelong aim After 1918, Picasso returned to traditional styles. He later began writing poetry. He continued to make Cubist works like Guernica and expressed his strong anger against the war. When Picasso was asked 15 he used so many styles, he replied, “Whenever I want to say something, I say it the way I believe I should.” 1．A．works B．events C．sports D．games 2．A．When B．Because C．Although D．Unless 3．A．exact B．quickly C．quietly D．luckily 4．A．questioned B．praised C．promised D．expected 5．A．scientists B．pianists C．tourists D．artists 6．A．heard about B．gave up C．came across D．put away 7．A．taking B．costing C．finding D．spending 8．A．death B．appearance C．loss D．cry 9．A．special B．common C．correct D．active 10．A．worse B．easier C．better D．wider 11．A．writing B．talking C．loving D．painting 12．A．he B．they C．we D．she 13．A．from B．into C．by D．with 14．A．seldom B．never C．hardly D．usually 15．A．who B．which C．why D．that 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．B 4．B 5．D 6．A 7．D 8．A 9．B 10．C 11．D 12．B 13．B 14．D 15．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了毕加索传奇的一生。 1．句意：全世界大约有50个博物馆正在举行活动纪念他。 works作品；events活动；sports运动；games比赛。根据“About 50 museums worldwide are holding…to remember him.”可知，此处说的是在博物馆举行活动纪念他。故选B。 2．句意：当毕加索大约10岁时，开始参加父亲的课程。 When当……时候；Because因为；Although虽然；Unless除非。根据“Picasso was about 10, he began attending his dad’s lessons.”可知，此处说的是当毕加索大约10岁时，应该用when引导时间状语从句。故选A。 3．句意：这个男孩很快显示出他的天赋或艺术。 exact确切的；quickly迅速地；quietly安静地；luckily幸运地。根据“…showed a talent or art”可知，此处说的是很快显示出自己的天赋。故选B。 4．句意：14岁时，他画了一幅他姑姑佩帕的画，因捕捉到她的面部表情而受到许多人的称赞。 questioned提问；praised称赞；promised承诺；expected期待。根据“…by many people for catching her facial expression.”可知，此处说的是因为捕捉到姑姑的表情而被赞扬。故选B。 5．句意：两年后，他搬到巴塞罗那，加入了一群艺术家。 scientists科学家；pianists钢琴家；tourists旅行者；artists艺术家。根据“Picasso’s new friends…exciting developments in art and culture in Paris”可知，他加入了一群跟他一样热爱艺术的人里，这群人应该是艺术家。故选D。 6．句意：毕加索的新朋友听说了法国巴黎艺术和文化方面令人兴奋的发展。 heard about听说；gave up放弃；came across偶遇；put away收起。根据“Picasso’s new friends…exciting developments in art and culture in Paris, France.”可知，此处说的是他的朋友听说了巴黎的艺术发展。故选A。 7．句意：不久，毕加索开始在巴黎度过他的大部分时间。 taking花费，主语是it；costing花费，主语是物；finding发现；spending花费，主语是人。根据“…much of his time in Paris.”可知，此处说的是花费时间在巴黎，主语是人，应该用spending。故选D。 8．句意：1901年一位密友的去世标志着毕加索“忧郁期”的开始。 death死亡；appearance外貌；loss损失；cry哭泣。根据“sadness and loneliness”可知，他的好朋友应该是去世了。故选A。 9．句意：大约有三年的时间，蓝色是他绘画中最常见的颜色，他的作品主要是关于悲伤和孤独的。 special特殊的；common常见的；correct正确的；active积极的。根据“Blue Period”可知，蓝色是他绘画中最常见的颜色。故选B。 10．句意：到1904年，毕加索开始感觉好些了。 worse更糟糕的；easier更简单的；better更好的；wider更宽的。根据“with brighter, redder colors, which meant the start of the ‘Rose Period’.”可知，此处说的是他比之前感觉好多了，所以他的绘画风格发生的改变。故选C。 11．句意：他开始用更亮、更红的颜色画马戏团演员，这意味着“玫瑰时期”的开始。 writing写；talking谈论；loving爱；painting画。根据“in his paintings”可知，他是画家，应是用更亮、更红的颜色画马戏团演员。故选D。 12．句意：与当时大多数西方艺术家不同，他们并不试图描绘自然。 he他；they他们；we我们；she她。根据“Picasso and his friend Georges Braque”可知，此处说的是毕加索和他的朋友，因此用they来代指他们。故选B。 13．句意：相反，他们将物体分成更小的形状，然后以令人惊讶的方式将它们重新组合在一起。 from来自；into进入；by通过；with和。 divide…into意为“把……分成”，固定词组。故选B。 14．句意：他们通常从几个角度展示同一个物体，所有这些都在一件艺术品中。 seldom很少；never从不；hardly几乎不；usually通常。根据“They…showed the same object from several points of view, all in one work of art.”可知，此处描述的是大多数情况下他们的绘画手法。故选D。 15．句意：当毕加索被问及为什么使用这么多风格时，他回答说：“每当我想说什么的时候，我就用我认为我应该用的方式说。” who谁；which哪个；why为什么；that引导宾语从句时无意义。根据“Whenever I want to say something, I say it the way I believe I should”可知，此处在说明使用这么多风格的原因，因此此处应用why引导宾语从句。故选C。 （2022·江苏盐城·一模）阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 Think of the ways you use your eyes every day. Imagine your life 1 sight. Cover your ears, and imagine being deaf and blind for the rest of your life. Think about the songs, the voices, the music you will never 2 again. For the first 19 months of her life, Heller was 3 to see and hear. But then a sickness struck her. She became 4 blind and deaf. For the rest of her life, she was never to see or hear. She didn’t have memories of sight or 5 . And the sickness struck her when she was a baby 6 she learned to talk. But Helen Keller became a teacher and writer. She was in the hearts of millions of people. How did this miracle(奇迹) happen? For the first seven years of her life she was almost like a 7 animal. Her mother and father did not know how to 8 her. She screamed, kicked and cried. She wanted very much to have others understand her, but there was no way she could do. 9 her parents decided to send for a family 10 to treat her. Some went away shortly after they spent a few days with her, until the 11 one—Annie Sullivan came. For during the rest of Helen’s life, she stayed with Helen to overcome a lot of unthinkable 12 Sullivan was a lovely young woman with great patience and imagination. She was a born teacher, 13 of turning a deaf-blind creature into a useful human being. It was this teacher that did not let Helen’s world be 14 . Through the teacher’s hands and fingers, Helen heard the sounds that one can hear on a farm, the noises made by cows, horses, chickens and pigs. 15 back on those years, Helen once said, she was greatly struck by her teacher’s wisdom and she was very grateful to her teacher. 1．A．without B．by C．with D．through 2．A．see B．play C．hear D．notice 3．A．happy B．able C．good D．glad 4．A．quickly B．partly C．mostly D．completely 5．A．smell B．feeling C．taste D．sound 6．A．before B．after C．unless D．when 7．A．strong B．clever C．wild D．silly 8．A．feed B．treat C．praise D．keep 9．A．First B．Finally C．Slowly D．Last 10．A．member B．doctor C．teacher D．nurse 11．A．last B．second C．first D．only 12．A．thoughts B．moments C．surprises D．difficulties 13．A．caring B．thinking C．dreaming D．hoping 14．A．noisy B．silent C．poor D．bright 15．A．Looking B．Watching C．Thinking D．Seeing 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．B 4．D 5．D 6．A 7．C 8．D 9．B 10．C 11．A 12．D 13．C 14．B 15．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述海伦·凯勒小时候因为得病，完全地失明和失聪，以及后来在安妮·莎莉文的帮助下改变自己的故事。 1．句意：想象你什么也看不到的生活。 without没有；by通过；with带有，随着；through穿过。根据下文“Cover your ears, and imagine being deaf and blind for the rest of your life”可知，此处指“想象一下什么也看不到的生活”。故选A。 2．句意：想想那些歌曲、声音以及你再也听不到的音乐。 see看见；play比赛，玩耍；hear听见；notice注意。根据“the music you will never”可知，此处指再也听不到音乐。故选C。 3．句意：在她生命的前19个月里，她能够看见和听见。 happy开心的；able能够的；good好的；glad开心的。be able to do sth.能够做某事，根据“But then a sickness struck her”可知，转折之前她是能看到和听到的。故选B。 4．句意：她变得完全失明和失聪。 quickly快速地；partly部分地；mostly大部分；completely完全地。根据“For the rest of her life, she was never to see or hear”  可知，此时她完全地失明和失聪。故选D。 5．句意：她没有视觉和听觉的记忆。 smell嗅觉；feeling感觉；taste味觉；sound听觉。根据“For the rest of her life, she was never to see or hear”  可知，海伦在生命最初19个月就得病完全丧失视觉和听觉，所以余生没有视觉和听觉的记忆。故选D。 6．句意：当她还是婴儿，学会讲话之前就得了这种病。 before在……以前；after在……之后；unless除非；when当……时。根据“For the first 19 months of her life, Heller was able to see and hear. But then a sickness struck her.”可知，在她学会说话之前就得病了。故选A。 7．句意：在她生命最初的七年里，她几乎就像一头野生动物。 strong强壮的；clever聪明的；wild野生的；silly愚蠢的。根据下文“She screamed, kicked and cried”可知，她就像一头野生动物。故选C 8．句意：她的父母不知道如何对待她。 feed喂养；treat对待；praise赞扬；keep保持。根据下文“her parents decided to send for a family teacher to treat her”可知，她的父母不知道如何对待她。故选B。 9．句意：最终，她的父母决定请一名家庭教师来管她。 First最初；Finally最终；Slowly慢慢地；Last上一次。根据前文“Her mother and father did not know how to treat her...She wanted very much to have others understand her, but there was no way she could do”可知，最终无计可施，父母决定请家庭教师。故选B。 10．句意：最终，她的父母决定请一名家庭教师来管她。 member成员；doctor医生；teacher教师；nurse护士。根据下文“Sullivan was...a born teacher”可知，父母请来家庭教师。故选C。 11．句意：一些教师在和海伦度过几天之后便离开了，直到最后一位——安妮·莎莉文出现。 last最后的；second第二；first第一；only仅仅。根据下文“for during the rest of Helen’s life, she stayed with Helen”可知，安妮是最后一位家庭教师，陪伴海伦度过余生。故选A。 12．句意：在海伦的余生里，安妮和海伦一起克服了许多难以想象的困难。 thoughts想法；moments片刻；surprises惊喜；difficulties困难。根据“overcome a lot of unthinkable”可知，是克服难以想象的困难。故选D。 13．句意：她是一个天生的教师，梦想着把聋哑人变成有用的人类。 caring关心；thinking思考，认为；dreaming梦想；hoping希望。dream of doing sth.“梦想做某事”，根据“turning a deaf-blind creature into a useful human being”可知，这是安妮梦想做的事情。故选C。 14．句意：正是这位老师让海伦的世界不再无声。 noisy吵闹的；silent寂静无声的；poor贫穷的；bright明亮的。根据下文“Helen heard the sounds that one can hear on a farm, the noises made by cows, horses, chickens and pigs”可知，安妮让海伦的世界不再无声。故选B。 15．句意：回顾那些年，海伦曾经说过，她被老师的智慧深深打动了，并且很感激她的老师。 Looking看；Watching观看；Thinking认为；Seeing看到。根据“… back on those years”可知，此处表示回顾过去的几年，look back on“回顾”，故选A。 （23-24九年级上·江苏南京·期末）Isaac Newton was born in Lincolnshire, England in 1643, where he grew up on a farm. When he was a boy, he made lots of brilliant inventions like a windmill to grind corn, a waterclock and a sundial. 1 , Isaac didn’t get brilliant marks at school. When he was 18, Isaac went to study at Cambridge University. He was very interested in physics, mathematics and astronomy. But in 1665 the Great Plague, which was a terrible disease, spread in England, and Cambridge University had to close down. Isaac returned home to the 2 . Isaac continued studying and experimenting at home. One day he was drinking a cup of tea in the garden. He saw an apple fall from a tree. “Why do apples fall 3 instead of up?” From this, he formed the theory of gravity. Gravity is an invisible 4 which pulls objects towards the Earth and keeps the planets moving around the Sun. Isaac was fascinated by 5 . He discovered that white light is in fact made up of all the colours of the rainbow. Isaac also invented a special reflecting telescope, using mirrors. It was much more powerful than other telescopes. Isaac made another very important 6 , which he called his “Three Laws of Motion”. These laws 7 how objects move. Isaac’s laws are still used today for sending rockets into space. Thanks to his brilliant inventions, Isaac earned a lot of money and became 8 and famous. During his lifetime, Isaac often argued with others because of his 9 temper. That’s the reason why he had few friends and never got married. Sir Isaac Newton 10 in 1727 at the age of 85. He was buried along with English kings and queens in Westminster Abbey in London. He was one of the greatest scientists and mathematicians who has ever lived. 1．A．Moreover B．However C．Anyway D．Otherwise 2．A．city B．town C．farm D．school 3．A．under B．off C．below D．down 4．A．power B．force C．energy D．strength 5．A．light B．sound C．electricity D．colour 6．A．invention B．introduction C．discovery D．display 7．A．explain B．expect C．express D．experience 8．A．wealthy B．healthy C．careful D．careless 9．A．gentle B．sweet C．good D．bad 10．A．passed over B．passed by C．passed down D．passed away 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．A 6．C 7．A 8．A 9．D 10．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了著名的科学家牛顿凭借掉落的苹果发现了重力的存在的故事，并介绍了他的生平。 1．句意：然而，艾萨克在学校成绩不好。 Moreover此外；However然而；Anyway无论如何；Otherwise否则。根据“When he was a boy, he made lots of brilliant inventions like a windmill to grind corn, a waterclock and a sundial.”和“Isaac didn’t get brilliant marks at school.”可知，牛顿虽然很聪明，但是成绩并不好，前后文为转折关系。故选B。 2．句意：艾萨克回到家里的农场。 city城市；town城镇；farm农场；school学校。根据“where he grew up on a farm”可知，牛顿在农场长大，因此他回到了家里的农场。故选C。 3．句意：为什么苹果向下掉落而不是向上？ under在……下面；off离开；below在下面；down向下；根据“fall”可知，此处应用动词短语fall down“掉落”。故选D。 4．句意：重力是一种看不见的力量，它将物体拉向地球，使行星围绕太阳运动。 power权力；force力量；energy能量；strength体力。根据“Gravity is an invisible”和常识可知，重力是一种物理学层面的力，要用force。故选B。 5．句意：艾萨克为光着迷。 light光；sound声；electricity电；colour颜色。根据“He discovered that white light is in fact made up of all the colours of the rainbow.”可知，牛顿着迷于物理学中的光学。故选A。 6．句意：艾萨克有着另外一个重要发现，他称其为“三大定律”。 invention发明；introduction介绍；discovery发现；display展示。根据“which he called his ‘Three Laws of Motion’”可知，此处说的是牛顿的物理学发现。故选C。 7．句意：这些定律解释了物体是怎样运动的。 explain解释；expect期望；express表达；experience经历。根据“how objects move”及常识可知，“三大定律”解释了物体是怎样运动的。故选A。 8．句意：由于他出色的发明，艾萨克赚了很多钱，变得富有且知名。 wealthy富有的；healthy健康的；careful小心的；careless粗心的。根据“earned a lot of money”可知，牛顿变得很富有。故选A。 9．句意：在他的一生中，艾萨克经常与他人争论，因为他的脾气不好。 gentle温和的；sweet甜的；good好的；bad不好的。根据“Isaac often argued with others”可知，牛顿的脾气不好。故选D。 10．句意：艾萨克·牛顿爵士逝世于1727年，享年85岁。 passed over掠过；passed by路过；passed down传递；passed away去世。根据“in 1727 at the age of 85. He was buried along with English kings and queens in Westminster Abbey in London.”可知，牛顿死于1727年。故选D。 （22-23九年级上·江苏盐城·期末）In modern times, we admire the bravery of astronauts. We 1 into the sky and wonder if they will ever return from their voyage (航行) into the great unknown. It’s hard to believe, but only a short while ago, our own earth was as huge and unknown as 2 is today. Only 500 years ago, most of the earth was not explored. Sailing too far away from land was as 3 then as it is today for astronauts to sail into outer space. But humans have always wanted to learn about the world, no matter what the dangers. The great Chinese 4 , Zheng He, proves this point. In 1405, at the request of the Emperor, he left China for the first of 5 voyages of discovery that he made between 1405 and 1433. The fleet of ships given to Zheng for these voyages was 6 as the “fleet of friendship”, for this was the purpose of his trips. On each trip Zheng ordered more than 20,000 men on hundreds of ships. He sailed the South China Sea, and 7 the Indian Ocean to eastern Africa. 8 , he visited 30 countries and began trade with them. At each port, the Chinese sailors made 9 with the local people. On one voyage to 10 , Zheng bought some rare animals for the Emperor. He 11 fair prices for a lion, a leopard, an ostrich, and a giraffe, and then brought them to the Emperor’s palace. On each return visit, the locals remembered the Chinese sailors and 12 them gifts. It can be said that Zheng’s seven voyages of discovery were important 13 people learned more and more about the earth that lay 14 China’s coast. 15 important, however, were the friendly diplomatic (外交) relations that were begun so long ago. In 1419, seventeen countries sent officers back to China with Zheng. This was the beginning of a long friendship between China and its neighbours in South Asia and beyond to Africa. 1．A．look down B．look up C．look out D．look through 2．A．space B．sea C．land D．mountain 3．A．easy B．dangerous C．comfortable D．simple 4．A．explorer B．scientist C．inventor D．pilot 5．A．six B．five C．seven D．eight 6．A．given B．known C．called D．filled 7．A．across B．through C．over D．above 8．A．In all B．At all C．After all D．Above all 9．A．friendly B．friendship C．friends D．unfriendly 10．A．Africa B．America C．Asia D．Europe 11．A．cost B．spent C．took D．paid 12．A．offered B．provided C．presented D．showed 13．A．so B．because C．but D．though 14．A．against B．beside C．beyond D．towards 15．A．Possibly B．Simply C．Highly D．Equally 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．B 4．A 5．C 6．B 7．A 8．A 9．C 10．A 11．D 12．A 13．B 14．C 15．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了郑和的探索之旅。 1．句意：我们仰望天空，想知道他们是否会从去往巨大的未知领域的航行中归来。 look down向下看；look up向上看；look out小心；look through浏览。结合选项和“We...into the sky”可知，空格处应填look up，构成短语look up into the sky“仰望天空”，故选B。 2．句意：很难相信，但是就在不久前，我们的地球也和如今的太空一样巨大且未知。 space太空；sea海；land陆地；mountain高山。根据下文“as it is today for astronauts to sail into outer space”可知，空格处应填space与下文呼应，故选A。 3．句意：航海离陆地太远就像如今的宇航员驶向外太空一样危险。 easy容易的；dangerous危险的；comfortable舒适的；simple简单的。根据“Sailing too far away from land was as...then as it is today for astronauts to sail into outer space.”可知，航行太远和驶向外太空一样危险，dangerous符合语境，故选B。 4．句意：中国伟大的探险家郑和证明了这一点。 explorer探险家；scientist科学家；inventor发明家；pilot飞行员。根据“The great Chinese...Zheng He”可知，郑和是探险家，故选A。 5．句意：在1405年，按照皇帝的要求，他离开中国，开始了第一次探索之旅，他在1405至1433年间共有七次探索之旅。 six六；five五；seven七；eight八。根据下文“It can be said that Zheng’s seven voyages of discovery...”可知，郑和一共航行了七次，故选C。 6．句意：为了这些航行而给予郑和的船队作为“友谊舰队”而闻名，因为这是他旅行的目的。 given给予；known知道；called叫做；filled填满。根据“The fleet of ships given to Zheng for these voyages was...as the ‘fleet of friendship’”可知，本题考查短语be known as“作为……而闻名”，故选B。 7．句意：他航行于中国南海，穿过印度洋到达非洲东部。 across穿过（在平面上穿过）；through穿过（在立体空间中穿过）；over在……上方（在垂直上方）；above在……上面（不存在垂直关系）。根据“and...the Indian Ocean to eastern Africa”可知，此处表示穿过印度洋，是指从平面上穿过，所以across符合语境，故选A。 8．句意：他总共访问了30个国家，并且开始和他们做生意。 In all总计；At all全然；After all毕竟；Above all首先。结合选项和“he visited 30 countries”可知，此处表示他总共访问了30个国家，故选A。 9．句意：在每一个港口，中国的水手都会和当地人交朋友。 friendly友好的；friendship友谊；friends朋友；unfriendly不友好的。根据上文“he visited 30 countries and began trade with them”可知，郑和开始和访问过的国家做生意，所以此处应该表示中国的水手都会和当地人交朋友，make friends with sb.表示“和某人交朋友”，故选C。 10．句意：在去非洲的一次航行，郑和为皇帝买了一些罕见的动物。 Africa非洲；America美国，美洲；Asia亚洲；Europe欧洲。根据下文“a lion, a leopard, an ostrich, and a giraffe”可知，狮子、豹子、鸵鸟和长颈鹿都是非洲的动物，故选A。 11．句意：他以合理的价格购买了一头狮子、一只豹子、一只鸵鸟和一只长颈鹿，然后把它们带到了皇帝的宫殿。 cost花费（主语是物）；spent花费（主语是人）； took花费（主语是it） paid支付。根据“He...fair prices for a lion, a leopard, an ostrich, and a giraffe”可知，本题考查短语pay money for sth.“为某样东西付钱”，paid符合语境，故选D。 12．句意：每次回访，当地人都记得中国水手，并且给他们送礼物。 offered提供；provided提供；presented展现；showed展示。结合选项和“ the locals remembered the Chinese sailors and...them gifts”可知，本题考查短语offer sb. sth.“为某人提供某物”，offered符合语境，故选A。 13．句意：可以说郑和的七次探索之旅很重要，因为人们对位于中国海岸之外的地球越来越了解。 so因此；because因为；but但是；though虽然。根据“It can be said that Zheng’s seven voyages of discovery were important...people learned more and more about the earth”可知，后半句是前半句的原因，because符合语境，故选B。 14．句意：可以说郑和的七次探索之旅很重要，因为人们对位于中国海岸之外的地球越来越了解。 against对抗；beside在……旁边；beyond超过；towards朝向。结合选项和“people learned more and more about the earth that lay...China’s coast”可知，此处表示人们对位于中国海岸之外的地球越来越了解，beyond符合语境，故选C。 15．句意：然而同样重要的是在很久以前就开始了的友好的外交关系。 Possibly可能地；Simply简单地；Highly赞赏地；Equally同等地。结合选项和“...important, however, were the friendly diplomatic(外交) relations that were begun so long ago.”可知，空格处应填Equally，表示同样重要的是在很久以前就开始了的友好的外交关系，故选D。 （2022·江苏泰州·三模） Einstein was not only the outstanding scientist of the 20th century, but also a gifted and enthusiastic musician. He once said that if he hadn’t been a scientist, he would have been a 1 . “Life without playing music is unthinkable for me,” he said. “I get most 2 in life out of music.” Einstein’s mother was a talented pianist who 3 music to life in the family home. Einstein began to learn the 4 at the age of six, however, he worked hard until he 5 the joys of Mozart’s sonatas at the age of 13. From that 6 on, although he had no further lessons, his violin 7 his companion. When Einstein moved to Aarau in Switzerland in 1895 to complete his schooling, he seemed to have 8 much of his time to music. Just before his 17th birthday, Einstein played at the music 9 in the school, the examiner reported that “a student called Einstein shone in the 10 felt performance of one of the Beethoven sonatas”. In addition to his great 11 in playing the violin, he also played the piano and, 12 , loved to improvise（即兴创作）. In late life, Einstein’s reputation(声誉) as a physicist often led to 13 to perform at benefit concerts, which he generally accepted happily. Probably the 14 of the violinist Einstein that comes nearest to the mark comes from his friend Janos Plesch,who wrote “There are many musicians with much 15 skills, but none, I believe, who ever played with more sincerity or deeper feeling.” 1．A．physician B．musician C．politician D．reporter 2．A．joy B．money C．idea D．energy 3．A．played B．sent C．create D．brought 4．A．violin B．piano C．knowledge D．game 5．A．loved B．tracked C．discovered D．confirmed 6．A．location B．space C．access D．point 7．A．turned B．remained C．appeared D．seemed 8．A．devoted B．spent C．lost D．wasted 9．A．performance B．presentation C．exhibition D．examination 10．A．hardly B．deeply C．carelessly D．honestly 11．A．skill B．patience C．care D．courage 12．A．after all B．in particular C．in general D．by accident 13．A．contributions B．applications C．invitations D．prizes 14．A．reaction B．results C．conclusion D．instruction 15．A．broader B．funnier C．wilder D．better 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．D 4．A 5．C 6．D 7．B 8．A 9．D 10．B 11．A 12．B 13．C 14．C 15．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了著名物理学家爱因斯坦对音乐的热爱与投入。 1．句意：他有一次说过，如果他没有成为科学家他将会成为一名音乐家。 physician医生；musician音乐家；politician政客；reporter记者。根据“but also a gifted and enthusiastic musician.”可知，他也是一个很有天赋的音乐家，所以他不做科学家就会做音乐家，故选B。 2．句意：我生活中最大的乐趣来自音乐。 joy快乐；money钱；idea灵感；energy能量。根据“Life without playing music is unthinkable for me”和“the joys of Mozart’s sonatas”可知，音乐给他的生活带来了最大的乐趣，故选A。 3．句意：爱因斯坦的母亲是一位才华横溢的钢琴家，她把音乐带入了家中。 played玩耍；sent发送；create创造；brought带来。根据“Einstein’s mother was a talented pianist”可知，爱因斯坦的母音是位钢琴家把音乐带入了他们的家，故选D。 4．句意：爱因斯坦6岁时开始学小提琴。 violin小提琴；piano钢琴；knowledge知识；game游戏。根据“his violin”可知，爱因斯坦6岁就开始学习小提琴，故选A。 5．句意：但是，他在13岁时才发现了莫扎特奏鸣曲的乐趣。 loved爱；tracked追踪；discovered发现；confirmed证实。根据“the joys of Mozart’s sonatas”可知，结合语境，应该是发现了音乐中的乐趣，故选C。 6．句意：从那时起，尽管他没有再上什么课，他的小提琴仍然是他的伙伴。 location位置；space空间；access访问；point点。根据“at the age of 13”可知，应该是从13岁爱因斯坦发现音乐的乐趣那一刻起，故选D。 7．句意：从那时起，尽管他没有再上什么课，他的小提琴仍然是他的伙伴。 turned转身；remained仍然；appeared出现；seemed似乎。根据“although he had no further lessons”可知，两句之间是转折关系，尽管他不上课了，但是小提琴仍然是他的伙伴。故选B。 8．句意：1895年，爱因斯坦搬到瑞士的阿劳完成学业，他似乎把大量的时间都花在了音乐上。 devoted投入；spent花费；lost丢失；wasted浪费。根据“much of his time to music.”可知，该句表示“把大量时间投入到音乐上”，devote to“把……投入……”故选A。 9．句意：就在他17岁生日之前，爱因斯坦在学校的一次音乐考试中演奏，考官报告说:“一位名叫爱因斯坦的学生在贝多芬奏鸣曲的深情演奏中光芒四射。 performance表现；presentation展示；exhibition展览；examination考试。根据“the examiner”可知，有考官在场，所以应该是在一场音乐考试中表演，故选D。 10．句意：就在他17岁生日之前，爱因斯坦在学校的一次音乐考试中演奏，考官报告说:“一位名叫爱因斯坦的学生在贝多芬奏鸣曲的深情演奏中光芒四射。 hardly几乎没有；deeply深情地；carelessly马虎地；honestly诚实地。根据“shone”可知，爱因斯坦在表演中光芒四射，所以演奏的应该是很深情，故选B。 11．句意：除了高超的小提琴演奏技巧外，他还会弹钢琴，尤其喜欢即兴演奏。 skill技能；patience练习；care关心；courage勇气。根据“a student called Einstein shone in a deeply felt performance of one of the Beethoven sonatas”可知，爱因斯坦演奏的很好，所以说明他有很高超的小提琴演奏技巧，故选A。 12．句意：除了高超的小提琴演奏技巧外，他还会弹钢琴，尤其喜欢即兴演奏。 after all毕竟；in particular尤其；in general一般来说；by accident偶然。根据“In addition to his great skill in playing the violin, he also played the piano”可知，该句表达除了演奏小提琴，还会弹钢琴，尤其是喜欢即兴演奏，三者之间比较，空处表达“尤其”的意思，故选B。 13．句意：在后来的生活中，爱因斯坦作为物理学家的声誉经常让他受邀在慈善音乐会中表演，他通常都很高兴地接受了邀请。 contributions贡献；applications程序；invitations邀请；prizes奖项。根据“to perform at benefit concerts”可知，在慈善音乐会上表演应该是一种邀请，故选C。 14．句意：也许爱因斯坦这位小提琴家最接近这个目标的总结来自他的朋友雅诺斯·普列施，他写道:“有许多音乐家拥有更好的技巧，但我相信没有一个人演奏得比他更真诚或更有感情。” reaction反应；results结果；conclusion结论；instruction指导。根据“There are many musicians…played with more sincerity or deeper feeling.”可知，这是对爱因斯坦的总结、评论，故选C。 15．句意：也许爱因斯坦这位小提琴家最接近这个目标的总结来自他的朋友雅诺斯·普列施，他写道:“有许多音乐家拥有更好的技巧，但我相信没有一个人演奏得比他更真诚或更有感情。” broader更广泛的；funnier更有趣的；wilder更荒凉的；better更好的。根据“but none, I believe, who ever played with more sincerity or deeper feeling”可知，前后两句之间是转折关系，没有人比他演奏的更真诚，证明空处表达的是“尽管其他音乐家拥有更好的技巧”，故选D。 2 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 1 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$