Unit3Sea Exploration-2025届高考英语重点知识背诵及真题专项练习（人教版2019选择性必修第四册）

UNIT 3　SEA EXPLORATION 一、背单词 背课标单词 新高考词汇·规则速记 阅读单词一遍过 1.merchants and explorers商人和探险家 2.a fishing fleet 捕鱼船队 3．take part in league match 参加联赛 4.English Channel 英吉利海峡 5．a threat to marine species 对海洋生物造成威胁 6.study at the Royal College of Art 在皇家美术学院学习 7.take part in a golf tournament 参加高尔夫球锦标赛 8.purchase a laptop 9.media coverage 10.at this press conference 11.swallow a capsule con 12.manned spacecraft 13.various coral reefs 14. put the blame on one 15.telephone directory 核心单词三遍熟 1.tale n. 故事；叙述 2.behold ut. 看；看见 3.league n. 等级；水平；联合会；联赛 4.royal adj. 皇家的；王室的；高贵的 5.withdraw vi. &. vt. （使）撤回；撤离 6.politics n. 政治；政治观点 7.bond n. 纽带；关系 vt.&vi. 增强信任关 8. tax vt. 对......征税 n. 税；税款 9. exploit vt. 开发；利用； 10. log vt. 把......载入 n.正式记录 拓展单词寻规记 1．extend vt．扩展；使伸长；延长→extensive adj.广阔的；大量的；广泛的→extension n.扩大；延伸；延期；电话分机 2．negotiate vt．商定；达成（协议）vi．谈判；磋商；协商→negotiation n.谈判 3．profession n．职业；行业→professional adj．专业的；职业的→professor n.教授；（大学的）讲师，教员 4．mixture n．混合；结合体；混合物→min×vt..配制；混淆；使混合→mixed adj.混合的；人员混杂的 5．applaud ut． ＆． vi．鼓掌 6．manned adj．有人控制的；需人操纵的→man vt．给······配置（人员）；操纵（机器等）；在······岗位上工作 7．murder vt．谋杀；凶杀；毁坏n．谋杀；凶杀→murderer n．谋杀犯 8．mercy n． 仁慈；宽恕；恩惠→ merciful adj．仁慈的；慈悲的；宽容的→merciless adj.残忍的；无慈悲心的 9．possession n．［usually pl．］个人财产；拥有；控制→possess vl.控制；使掌握；具有；迷住；拥有 10．opponent n．反对者；对手；竞争者→oppose vt．反对；抵制→opposed adj.反对的；截然不同的 规则 例词 “名词＋其他词”构成的合成词 ①household (house＋hold) adj.家庭的；家用的　 ②daytime (day＋time) n．白天 ③rainwater(rain＋water) n．雨水 ④guilt­free (guilt＋free) adj.没有负罪感的 ⑤houseplant (house＋plant) n．室内盆栽植物 ⑥lifelike (life＋like) adj.逼真的；生动的 词缀是­age的单词网 ①cover覆盖→coverage覆盖范围　　　　　 　 　②short短的→shortage短缺 ③pack包装→package包 ④marry结婚→marriage婚姻 背热考单词 1．negotiate vt.商定；达成(协议)　vi.谈判；磋商；协商 背重点 背写作佳句 1)negotiate with sb. for/about sth. 与某人商议某事 2)negotiation n. 谈判；磋商；协商 under negotiation 在商讨中 I'll negotiate with the president of the company about the date of the press conference. 我会和公司的经理商量新闻发布会的日期。 2.meanwhile adv.与此同时；(比较两方面)对比之下 背重点 背写作佳句 in the meanwhile 与此同时 in the meantime 与此同时 It's necessary for you to be good at both English and art.Meanwhile, you should be able to use the computer skillfully. 对你来说，学好英语和艺术是很有必要的。同时，你应该能熟练地使用计算机。 3.mixture n．混合；结合体；混合物 背重点 背写作佳句 1)a mixture of ... ……的结合/混合 2)mix ... with/and ... 把……和……混合 mix with sb. 与某人交往 mix up 混合；掺和；混淆 In the meanwhile, I looked at the poor fish with a mixture of astonishment and sympathy. 与此同时，我看着这条可怜的鱼，心里既惊讶又同情。(读后续写心理描写) 4.mercy n．仁慈；宽恕；恩惠 背重点 背写作佳句 1)at the mercy of 完全受……支配；任凭…… 摆布 without mercy 毫不留情地 have mercy on 对……怜悯 show (no/little) mercy to 对……(不)怜悯/宽恕 2)be merciful to 对……仁慈 ①He was such a cruel man that he showed no/little mercy to others. 他是一个如此残酷的人以至于他对别人毫无怜悯之情。 ②In the old days，the farmers were at the mercy of nature. 在过去，农民受大自然的摆布。 5.possession n．个人财产；拥有；控制 背重点 背写作佳句 1)take possession of 占有/拥有 sb.be in possession of sth. 某人占有/拥有某物 sth.be in the possession of sb. 某物为某人所有 2)possess sth. 拥有某物(不用于进行时) be possessed of 拥有；具有(某品质、能力等) ①To his sorrow，he lost all his possessions because of his failure in his business. 令他伤心的是，他因为生意失败而失去了所有的财产。 ②Happiness is not wishing for what we don't have，but enjoying what we possess．幸福不是渴望我们没有的东西，而是享受我们所拥有的东西。(读后续写主旨升华) 6.arrest n．逮捕；拘留；中止　vt.逮捕；拘留；阻止；吸引 背重点 背写作佳句 1)under arrest 被捕 2)arrest one's attention 吸引某人的注意 arrest sb. for... 因……而逮捕某人 get arrested 遭逮捕 What's more, the thief was finally arrested and put into jail, thanks to your detailed description of his facial features.更重要的是，由于你对小偷面部特征的详细描述，他最终被捕入狱。 二、背词块 第一组　核心短语 1．set sail　　　　　　　　　　起航；开航 2．in a league of one's own 独领风骚 3．withdraw from 退出；撤回 4．in hand 在手头；可供使用 5．from a scientific point of view 从科学角度看 6．in return for... 作为对……的回报 7．drive sb. to do sth. 驱使某人做某事 8．be home to life 生命的家园 9．under the command of 在……的指挥下 10．press conference 记者招待会；新闻发布会 第二组　课文词块 1．a passion for...　　　　　 　　对……酷爱 2. find one's way to 设法到达 3．become known as the Silk Road 闻名遐迩的丝绸之路 4．for the benefit of future trade and cultural exchange 有利于未来的贸易和文化交流 5．enhance relationships 增进关系 6．drive China to reach out 推动中国走出去 7．explore the oceans 探索海洋 8．log new species 记载新物种 9．improve our understanding of life on the earth 提升我们对地球上的生命的了解三、背好句好段——增分写作 1．句型公式：There be＋名词＋left＋to do...剩下某事要做 教材原句：Although the ancient sea routes of Zheng He have been travelled many times，there are still many other places left to explore. 尽管郑和的古代海上路线已经重走很多次了，但仍有许多其他地方有待探索。 经典佳句：Although we already know a lot about space, there is still much more to be done． 尽管我们已经懂得很多的太空知识，但是还有许多需要去做的事情。 2.句型公式：as引导时间状语从句 教材原句：Hopefully, as technology improves, we may have more options for managing this balance. 希望随着技术的进步，我们可以有更多的选择来管理这种平衡。 经典佳句：As time goes on, he gets stronger and stronger. 随着时间的推移，他变得越来越强壮。 3.句型公式：so that 引导目的状语从句 教材原句：We need to understand what is happening to our planet so that we can take action. 我们需要了解我们的星球正在发生什么，以便我们可以采取行动。 经典佳句：We should work hard at our lessons so that we can do well in the college entrance examination. 我们应该努力学习功课，以便高考时取得好成绩。 基础知识 Ⅰ词形转换 1.We learn traditional Chinese art such as Peking Opera under the guidance of ___________（profession） teachers. 2.With a ____________ （mix） of surprise and delight， I picked up the cute dog and fired questions at my mom regarding the little dog. 3.The instant the biologists appeared， they were greeted with a burst of ___________ （applaud）. 4.It is reported that the ___________ （negotiate） broke down because one side refused to keep the rule. Ⅱ动词的形式变化和固定用法 1.The beautiful scenery and various traditional customs of this place _____________ （bring） great resources to the local tourism industry in the past decade. 2.This is the first space lecture to popularize space science and spread knowledge about _____________ （man） spaceflight. 3.The straightforward prime minister ____________ （extend） his hand to the new minister of education at yesterday’s press conference. 4.For some reason，I withdrew _________ a handful of grand clubs and I will never join them again. Ⅲ熟词新义 1.Haze Mabry walks into the school building every day and empties garbage cans， wipes down bathrooms and mops wet messes in the hallways.　__________________ 2.Arrested by the latest electronic toys， the little boy stood in front of the windows without moving.　______________ 3.All the people present at the meeting applaud my decision.　_________________ Ⅳ应用文写作——短 文——海洋保护 练单句： 1.众所周知，海洋污染正变得日益严重。6月8日的世界海洋日旨在提高人们保护海洋的意识。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2.海洋是地球的基础。海洋不仅为我们提供了海洋资源，而且还保持了自然的平衡。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________（倒装句） 3.保护海洋迫在眉睫。 _________________________________________________________________ 4.选择合理的方法开发海洋资源，不要向海洋倾倒垃圾。 ___________________________________________________________________（祈使句） 5.迫切需要让更多的人参与到海洋保护中来。 ___________________________________________________________________________ 6.让我们行动起来保护海洋，因为保护海洋就是保护我们自己。 ____________________________________________________________________________ 组语篇： 　　__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Ⅴ读后续写——哭泣 按要求完成下列句子： 1.看到爆米花，他泪眼模糊。 When he saw the popcorn， ___________________. 2.他的母亲站在门口，看到这一幕，高兴得流下了眼泪。 His mother， standing at the door， _____________________________. 3.她紧紧地抱住她的孩子，眼里满是感激的泪水。 She hugged her child tightly， ____________________________________.（独立主格结构） 4.看到爆米花都卖完了，他哽咽得说不出话来。 →He saw all the popcorn sold out， and ___________________________________.（并列句） →_______________________________， he was too choked with emotion to speak. （动词-ing形式作状语） 5.因为自己的劳动得到了回报，他热泪盈眶。 His eyes were filled with tears _________________________.（状语从句） 将以上各句合并成小短文，注意使用合适的衔接过渡词汇： 　　__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 能力提高 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A [2024·河南省高三一轮复习阶段性检测(六)] In an awe­inspiring incident， a young killer whale recently demonstrated remarkable intelligence by seeking assistance from a group of humans to save its trapped mother， which challenged our conventional understanding of wild predators(食肉动物). The online viral video， shared by Alvin Foo， began with a young killer whale emitting distressing cries towards a group of people on a boat. Recognizing the urgency of the situation， the concerned individuals promptly responded by contacting a rescue team. The young whale's desperate request for help touched more people's hearts and set a truly extraordinary chain of events in motion. As the rescue team arrived， they were amazed to witness the young killer whale's playful interaction with the humans. The whale appeared elated， seemingly understanding that assistance had finally arrived. This interaction between the mother killer whale and rescuers underlined the potential for mutual understanding beyond the boundary of traditional predator­prey relationships. The young whale took on the role of a guide， leading the rescue team to its mother trapped in a fishing net. It navigated the water with purpose， as if fully aware that the humans possessed the means to save its mother. This display of intelligence left the rescuers in awe， highlighting the complex cognitive abilities of these magnificent marine creatures. With its guidance， the rescue team swiftly initiated the liberation process， carefully cutting the net to free the trapped whale. Astonishingly， they seemed to understand that the humans were there to help and did as asked. The instant the mother whale was finally freed， an eruption of joyous cries filled the air. The emotional outpouring conveyed the immense gratitude of both the mother whale and the young whale to the humans who had intervened. As the rescue team made their way back to shore， the two whales swam alongside them. This heart­warming sight emphasized the lasting impact of the rescue. The bond formed through this extraordinary rescue operation was well obvious， proving that the profound connections can be established between various species. The journey back to safety symbolized the victory of compassion over adversity. 1.What can we learn about the video from Paragraph 2？ A．It spread widely. B．It went unnoticed. C．It documented humans' requesting help. D．It recorded passive response to the rescue. 2.What does the underlined word “elated” in Paragraph 3 mean？ A．Confused. B．Excited. C．Tired. D．Frightened. 3.What is the young whale like？ A．Wild and rude. B．Wise and cooperative. C．Curious and careful. D．Complex and mysterious. 4.What does the author mainly want to convey in the last paragraph？ A．Adversity is a good discipline. B．It is urgent to protect wildlife. C．Different species can coexist in harmony. D．Human intervention poses a threat to whales. B [2024·湖北省高三调研]Don't call Madison Stewart an environmentalist. She sees herself simply as an individual taking action in defense of something she loves that's in need of protection. Despite her youth， the 24­year­old is an undersea veteran (老手). She grew up sailing around the Great Barrier Reef on her parents' boat and spent her early life free diving while patiently waiting for the day when she could get her scuba diving (水肺潜水) certification， aged 12. Already impressed by sharks， Madison was now pleased to be able to observe them in their own world. “I got to know the sharks...I could recognize them by sight，” Madison says. “Other people had dogs around them growing up. I had sharks.” But within a couple of years， she saw a great reduction in shark numbers on the reef. “One day I went in the water and couldn't find my sharks anywhere， sharks I'd spent my childhood with，” she says. “They'd been caught and killed.” It was a great moment for Madison. She left school at 14 to be homeschooled so she could spend more time in the ocean. She taught herself to shoot underwater video to document sharks in their own world and share her sense of wonder with others. She launched a YouTube channel and built a huge following for her documentaries where she focuses on issues like inadequate protection for some shark species and the global shark fin (鳍) industry. In 2014 Madison was the subject of the encouraging documentary Shark Girl， which introduced her to a global audience. In 2017 she appeared as an “Ocean Guardian” in the documentary Blue that explored a lot of threats to the world's marine environments， including the damaging effect of the global shark fishery. The film encourages viewers to get involved and includes practical steps to guide them to do so. It shows Madison's philosophy that the power of the individual to make a difference by their own direct action should never be underestimated. 5.What did Madison do before getting her scuba diving certification？ A．She went sailing often. B．She went boating alone. C．She practised free diving. D．She protected the Great Barrier Reef. 6.Why did Madison shoot underwater video to document sharks？ A．To record sharks' world of wonder. B．To popularize her photography works. C．To raise awareness of shark conservation. D．To spare more time to accompany sharks. 7.Which of the following may agree with Madison's philosophy？ A．Many hands make light work. B．Action speaks louder than words. C．Together we can make a difference. D．Personal influence can't be ignored. 8.What's the purpose of writing this passage？ A．To introduce an influential conservationist. B．To advertise some encouraging documentaries. C．To inspire people to protect whatever they love. D．To inform people how to preserve marine wildlife． Ⅱ.七选五 [2024·广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试]What makes a work of architecture great？Most people would argue that aesthetics is the most important. __1__ However，Roman architect Marcus Vitruvius Pollio believed that we should also consider durability and function when assessing a structure. The Rostonville Library in my city is a great example of Vitruvius' principles. Constructed entirely of granite—a hard and tough stone，the library is durable. It can withstand environmental pollution. For example，it is resistant to acid rain. Moreover，its granite structure is stable so it's more likely to survive an earthquake. __2__ It uses solar energy for heating and a rooftop garden for cooling. __3__ Providing free access to printed and digital information，it conveys a feeling of openness and accessibility. Furthermore，the entire library is on one level，and it has an open design—there are no inner walls or dividers. In addition，large windows let in plenty of natural light，so it's easy to see and get to each department within the library. Finally，the library is beautiful，with aesthetically pleasing details both inside and outside. The large windows are copper­framed (铜框的).The copper color provides an interesting contrast to the color of the granite structure and it will remain as the copper ages. Growth from the rooftop garden，which reaches down the sides of the building，adds to the aesthetics of the building. __4__ Durability，functionality and beauty make the Rostonville Library a great structure. Architects who follow Vitruvius' principles help to make the city more pleasant to live in. __5__ A．The library is also sustainable. B．It is true that beauty is critical. C．This is not the only concern of the architects. D．The library was designed with functionality in mind. E．It softens the lines of the structure and helps it to fit into its natural surroundings. F．Plus，the library was built on the edge of the city park，surrounded by native plants. G．Buildings that fulfill these criteria offer both peace of mind and beauty to their users. Ⅲ.语法填空 [2024·湖南省长沙市雅礼中学高三月考]Zhang Guimei， who has dedicated her 40 years to education at China's southwestern border， 1.________ (be) a “mother” for more than 170 children and a principal motivating young girls from impoverished families in 2.________ (mountain) areas. Teaching at a middle school in Huaping county， she saw many girls drop 3.________ of school due to poverty. It saddened her very much and made her realize that an educated female is able to cut the intergenerational 4.________ (transmit) of poverty and change the future of three generations. In 2002， Zhang started her preparation to build a free all­girls high school， in hope of changing the destiny of the girls in the mountain 5.________ lifting them out of poverty. In 2007， Zhang went to Beijing for the 17th Communist Party of China (CPC) National Congress as a deputy. Her report， 6.________ title was “I have a dream” made her dream of building a free all­girls high school known to all. Later， both the Lijiang and Huaping governments 7.________ (sponsor) her with a million yuan， Zhang's school was completed， becoming the first free all­girls high school in China. The school， 8.________ (bear) to fight against poverty， is a shelter for a number of girls in that area. During the past 13 years， the school has nurtured over 1，800 students who have made it 9.________ universities. Zhang suffers from 23 diseases， including heart disease and emphysema， but she is still working selflessly. She gets up at 5：00 am and is always the first one among all the stuff 10.________ (arrive) at school. She also checks how the classes are going three times a day. Zhang has made over 1，600 family visits annually for the past 12 years， covering a total distance of 110，000 kilometers. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ UNIT 3　SEA EXPLORATION 一、背单词 背课标单词 新高考词汇·规则速记 阅读单词一遍过 1.merchants and explorers商人和探险家 2.a fishing fleet 捕鱼船队 3．take part in league match 参加联赛 4.English Channel 英吉利海峡 5．a threat to marine species 对海洋生物造成威胁 6.study at the Royal College of Art 在皇家美术学院学习 7.take part in a golf tournament 参加高尔夫球锦标赛 8.purchase a laptop 9.media coverage 10.at this press conference 11.swallow a capsule con 12.manned spacecraft 13.various coral reefs 14. put the blame on one 15.telephone directory 核心单词三遍熟 1.tale n. 故事；叙述 2.behold ut. 看；看见 3.league n. 等级；水平；联合会；联赛 4.royal adj. 皇家的；王室的；高贵的 5.withdraw vi. &. vt. （使）撤回；撤离 6.politics n. 政治；政治观点 7.bond n. 纽带；关系 vt.&vi. 增强信任关 8. tax vt. 对......征税 n. 税；税款 9. exploit vt. 开发；利用； 10. log vt. 把......载入 n.正式记录 拓展单词寻规记 1．extend vt．扩展；使伸长；延长→extensive adj.广阔的；大量的；广泛的→extension n.扩大；延伸；延期；电话分机 2．negotiate vt．商定；达成（协议）vi．谈判；磋商；协商→negotiation n.谈判 3．profession n．职业；行业→professional adj．专业的；职业的→professor n.教授；（大学的）讲师，教员 4．mixture n．混合；结合体；混合物→min×vt..配制；混淆；使混合→mixed adj.混合的；人员混杂的 5．applaud ut． ＆． vi．鼓掌 6．manned adj．有人控制的；需人操纵的→man vt．给······配置（人员）；操纵（机器等）；在······岗位上工作 7．murder vt．谋杀；凶杀；毁坏n．谋杀；凶杀→murderer n．谋杀犯 8．mercy n． 仁慈；宽恕；恩惠→ merciful adj．仁慈的；慈悲的；宽容的→merciless adj.残忍的；无慈悲心的 9．possession n．［usually pl．］个人财产；拥有；控制→possess vl.控制；使掌握；具有；迷住；拥有 10．opponent n．反对者；对手；竞争者→oppose vt．反对；抵制→opposed adj.反对的；截然不同的 规则 例词 “名词＋其他词”构成的合成词 ①household (house＋hold) adj.家庭的；家用的　 ②daytime (day＋time) n．白天 ③rainwater(rain＋water) n．雨水 ④guilt­free (guilt＋free) adj.没有负罪感的 ⑤houseplant (house＋plant) n．室内盆栽植物 ⑥lifelike (life＋like) adj.逼真的；生动的 词缀是­age的单词网 ①cover覆盖→coverage覆盖范围　　　　　 　 　②short短的→shortage短缺 ③pack包装→package包 ④marry结婚→marriage婚姻 背热考单词 1．negotiate vt.商定；达成(协议)　vi.谈判；磋商；协商 背重点 背写作佳句 1)negotiate with sb. for/about sth. 与某人商议某事 2)negotiation n. 谈判；磋商；协商 under negotiation 在商讨中 I'll negotiate with the president of the company about the date of the press conference. 我会和公司的经理商量新闻发布会的日期。 2.meanwhile adv.与此同时；(比较两方面)对比之下 背重点 背写作佳句 in the meanwhile 与此同时 in the meantime 与此同时 It's necessary for you to be good at both English and art.Meanwhile, you should be able to use the computer skillfully. 对你来说，学好英语和艺术是很有必要的。同时，你应该能熟练地使用计算机。 3.mixture n．混合；结合体；混合物 背重点 背写作佳句 1)a mixture of ... ……的结合/混合 2)mix ... with/and ... 把……和……混合 mix with sb. 与某人交往 mix up 混合；掺和；混淆 In the meanwhile, I looked at the poor fish with a mixture of astonishment and sympathy. 与此同时，我看着这条可怜的鱼，心里既惊讶又同情。(读后续写心理描写) 4.mercy n．仁慈；宽恕；恩惠 背重点 背写作佳句 1)at the mercy of 完全受……支配；任凭…… 摆布 without mercy 毫不留情地 have mercy on 对……怜悯 show (no/little) mercy to 对……(不)怜悯/宽恕 2)be merciful to 对……仁慈 ①He was such a cruel man that he showed no/little mercy to others. 他是一个如此残酷的人以至于他对别人毫无怜悯之情。 ②In the old days，the farmers were at the mercy of nature. 在过去，农民受大自然的摆布。 5.possession n．个人财产；拥有；控制 背重点 背写作佳句 1)take possession of 占有/拥有 sb.be in possession of sth. 某人占有/拥有某物 sth.be in the possession of sb. 某物为某人所有 2)possess sth. 拥有某物(不用于进行时) be possessed of 拥有；具有(某品质、能力等) ①To his sorrow，he lost all his possessions because of his failure in his business. 令他伤心的是，他因为生意失败而失去了所有的财产。 ②Happiness is not wishing for what we don't have，but enjoying what we possess．幸福不是渴望我们没有的东西，而是享受我们所拥有的东西。(读后续写主旨升华) 6.arrest n．逮捕；拘留；中止　vt.逮捕；拘留；阻止；吸引 背重点 背写作佳句 1)under arrest 被捕 2)arrest one's attention 吸引某人的注意 arrest sb. for... 因……而逮捕某人 get arrested 遭逮捕 What's more, the thief was finally arrested and put into jail, thanks to your detailed description of his facial features.更重要的是，由于你对小偷面部特征的详细描述，他最终被捕入狱。 二、背词块 第一组　核心短语 1．set sail　　　　　　　　　　起航；开航 2．in a league of one's own 独领风骚 3．withdraw from 退出；撤回 4．in hand 在手头；可供使用 5．from a scientific point of view 从科学角度看 6．in return for... 作为对……的回报 7．drive sb. to do sth. 驱使某人做某事 8．be home to life 生命的家园 9．under the command of 在……的指挥下 10．press conference 记者招待会；新闻发布会 第二组　课文词块 1．a passion for...　　　　　 　　对……酷爱 2. find one's way to 设法到达 3．become known as the Silk Road 闻名遐迩的丝绸之路 4．for the benefit of future trade and cultural exchange 有利于未来的贸易和文化交流 5．enhance relationships 增进关系 6．drive China to reach out 推动中国走出去 7．explore the oceans 探索海洋 8．log new species 记载新物种 9．improve our understanding of life on the earth 提升我们对地球上的生命的了解三、背好句好段——增分写作 1．句型公式：There be＋名词＋left＋to do...剩下某事要做 教材原句：Although the ancient sea routes of Zheng He have been travelled many times，there are still many other places left to explore. 尽管郑和的古代海上路线已经重走很多次了，但仍有许多其他地方有待探索。 经典佳句：Although we already know a lot about space, there is still much more to be done． 尽管我们已经懂得很多的太空知识，但是还有许多需要去做的事情。 2.句型公式：as引导时间状语从句 教材原句：Hopefully, as technology improves, we may have more options for managing this balance. 希望随着技术的进步，我们可以有更多的选择来管理这种平衡。 经典佳句：As time goes on, he gets stronger and stronger. 随着时间的推移，他变得越来越强壮。 3.句型公式：so that 引导目的状语从句 教材原句：We need to understand what is happening to our planet so that we can take action. 我们需要了解我们的星球正在发生什么，以便我们可以采取行动。 经典佳句：We should work hard at our lessons so that we can do well in the college entrance examination. 我们应该努力学习功课，以便高考时取得好成绩。 基础知识 Ⅰ词形转换 1.We learn traditional Chinese art such as Peking Opera under the guidance of 　professional　 （profession） teachers. 2.With a 　mixture　 （mix） of surprise and delight， I picked up the cute dog and fired questions at my mom regarding the little dog. 3.The instant the biologists appeared， they were greeted with a burst of 　applause　 （applaud）. 4.It is reported that the 　negotiation　 （negotiate） broke down because one side refused to keep the rule. Ⅱ动词的形式变化和固定用法 1.The beautiful scenery and various traditional customs of this place 　have brought　 （bring） great resources to the local tourism industry in the past decade. 2.This is the first space lecture to popularize space science and spread knowledge about 　manned　 （man） spaceflight. 3.The straightforward prime minister 　extended　 （extend） his hand to the new minister of education at yesterday’s press conference. 4.For some reason，I withdrew 　from　 a handful of grand clubs and I will never join them again. Ⅲ熟词新义 1.Haze Mabry walks into the school building every day and empties garbage cans， wipes down bathrooms and mops wet messes in the hallways.　　vt.擦；用拖把拖　 2.Arrested by the latest electronic toys， the little boy stood in front of the windows without moving.　　vt.吸引　 3.All the people present at the meeting applaud my decision.　　vt.称赞　 Ⅳ应用文写作——短 文——海洋保护 练单句： 1.众所周知，海洋污染正变得日益严重。6月8日的世界海洋日旨在提高人们保护海洋的意识。 　As is known to all， marine pollution is becoming increasingly serious.World Oceans Day， falling on 8 June， is aimed at raising people’s awareness of marine conservation.　 2.海洋是地球的基础。海洋不仅为我们提供了海洋资源，而且还保持了自然的平衡。 　The ocean is fundamental to our planet.Not only does the ocean offer us marine resources， but it also maintains the balance of nature.　（倒装句） 3.保护海洋迫在眉睫。 　It is urgent to protect the ocean.　 4.选择合理的方法开发海洋资源，不要向海洋倾倒垃圾。 　Go for proper ways to exploit marine resources and never pour garbage into the ocean.　（祈使句） 5.迫切需要让更多的人参与到海洋保护中来。 　There is an urgent need to get more people involved in marine conservation.　 6.让我们行动起来保护海洋，因为保护海洋就是保护我们自己。 　Let’s take action to protect the ocean because to protect the ocean is to protect ourselves.　 组语篇： 　　　As is known to all， marine pollution is becoming increasingly serious.World Oceans Day， falling on 8 June， is aimed at raising people’s awareness of marine conservation.　 　The ocean is fundamental to our planet.Not only does the ocean offer us marine resources， but it also maintains the balance of nature.Thus， it is urgent to protect the ocean.First of all， go for proper ways to exploit marine resources and never pour garbage into the ocean.Meanwhile， there is an urgent need to get more people involved in marine conservation.　 　All in all， let’s take action to protect the ocean because to protect the ocean is to protect ourselves.　 Ⅴ读后续写——哭泣 按要求完成下列句子： 1.看到爆米花，他泪眼模糊。 When he saw the popcorn， 　his eyes grew misty　. 2.他的母亲站在门口，看到这一幕，高兴得流下了眼泪。 His mother， standing at the door， 　cried tears of joy to see the scene　. 3.她紧紧地抱住她的孩子，眼里满是感激的泪水。 She hugged her child tightly， 　her eyes flooded with/full of tears of gratitude　.（独立主格结构） 4.看到爆米花都卖完了，他哽咽得说不出话来。 →He saw all the popcorn sold out， and 　he was too choked with emotion to speak　.（并列句） →　Seeing all the popcorn sold out　， he was too choked with emotion to speak. （动词-ing形式作状语） 5.因为自己的劳动得到了回报，他热泪盈眶。 His eyes were filled with tears 　as his hard work paid off　.（状语从句） 将以上各句合并成小短文，注意使用合适的衔接过渡词汇： 　　　When he saw the popcorn， his eyes grew misty.His mother， standing at the door， cried tears of joy to see the scene.She hugged her child tightly， her eyes flooded with/full of tears of gratitude.Seeing all the popcorn sold out， he was too choked with emotion to speak.His eyes were filled with tears as his hard work paid off.　 能力提高 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A [2024·河南省高三一轮复习阶段性检测(六)] In an awe­inspiring incident， a young killer whale recently demonstrated remarkable intelligence by seeking assistance from a group of humans to save its trapped mother， which challenged our conventional understanding of wild predators(食肉动物). The online viral video， shared by Alvin Foo， began with a young killer whale emitting distressing cries towards a group of people on a boat. Recognizing the urgency of the situation， the concerned individuals promptly responded by contacting a rescue team. The young whale's desperate request for help touched more people's hearts and set a truly extraordinary chain of events in motion. As the rescue team arrived， they were amazed to witness the young killer whale's playful interaction with the humans. The whale appeared elated， seemingly understanding that assistance had finally arrived. This interaction between the mother killer whale and rescuers underlined the potential for mutual understanding beyond the boundary of traditional predator­prey relationships. The young whale took on the role of a guide， leading the rescue team to its mother trapped in a fishing net. It navigated the water with purpose， as if fully aware that the humans possessed the means to save its mother. This display of intelligence left the rescuers in awe， highlighting the complex cognitive abilities of these magnificent marine creatures. With its guidance， the rescue team swiftly initiated the liberation process， carefully cutting the net to free the trapped whale. Astonishingly， they seemed to understand that the humans were there to help and did as asked. The instant the mother whale was finally freed， an eruption of joyous cries filled the air. The emotional outpouring conveyed the immense gratitude of both the mother whale and the young whale to the humans who had intervened. As the rescue team made their way back to shore， the two whales swam alongside them. This heart­warming sight emphasized the lasting impact of the rescue. The bond formed through this extraordinary rescue operation was well obvious， proving that the profound connections can be established between various species. The journey back to safety symbolized the victory of compassion over adversity. 1.What can we learn about the video from Paragraph 2？ A．It spread widely. B．It went unnoticed. C．It documented humans' requesting help. D．It recorded passive response to the rescue. 2.What does the underlined word “elated” in Paragraph 3 mean？ A．Confused. B．Excited. C．Tired. D．Frightened. 3.What is the young whale like？ A．Wild and rude. B．Wise and cooperative. C．Curious and careful. D．Complex and mysterious. 4.What does the author mainly want to convey in the last paragraph？ A．Adversity is a good discipline. B．It is urgent to protect wildlife. C．Different species can coexist in harmony. D．Human intervention poses a threat to whales. Ⅰ.阅读理解 A 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了一只被困的母虎鲸因小虎鲸向人类求助而获救的故事。 1.答案与解析：A　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句和最后一句可知，这个视频在网上广泛传播。视频中，小虎鲸绝望的求助触动了越来越多人的心并引发了一系列事件。 2.答案与解析：B　词义推测题。根据语境可知，小虎鲸感到很兴奋，似乎知道有人来救它的妈妈了。由此可知，画线词意为“兴奋的；兴高采烈的”。 3.答案与解析：B　推理判断题。根据第四段可知，小虎鲸表现出惊人的智慧，积极配合营救人员的工作。 4.答案与解析：C　推理判断题。根据最后一段倒数第二句可知，作者认为不同物种之间可以建立起紧密的联系，和谐共处。 B [2024·湖北省高三调研]Don't call Madison Stewart an environmentalist. She sees herself simply as an individual taking action in defense of something she loves that's in need of protection. Despite her youth， the 24­year­old is an undersea veteran (老手). She grew up sailing around the Great Barrier Reef on her parents' boat and spent her early life free diving while patiently waiting for the day when she could get her scuba diving (水肺潜水) certification， aged 12. Already impressed by sharks， Madison was now pleased to be able to observe them in their own world. “I got to know the sharks...I could recognize them by sight，” Madison says. “Other people had dogs around them growing up. I had sharks.” But within a couple of years， she saw a great reduction in shark numbers on the reef. “One day I went in the water and couldn't find my sharks anywhere， sharks I'd spent my childhood with，” she says. “They'd been caught and killed.” It was a great moment for Madison. She left school at 14 to be homeschooled so she could spend more time in the ocean. She taught herself to shoot underwater video to document sharks in their own world and share her sense of wonder with others. She launched a YouTube channel and built a huge following for her documentaries where she focuses on issues like inadequate protection for some shark species and the global shark fin (鳍) industry. In 2014 Madison was the subject of the encouraging documentary Shark Girl， which introduced her to a global audience. In 2017 she appeared as an “Ocean Guardian” in the documentary Blue that explored a lot of threats to the world's marine environments， including the damaging effect of the global shark fishery. The film encourages viewers to get involved and includes practical steps to guide them to do so. It shows Madison's philosophy that the power of the individual to make a difference by their own direct action should never be underestimated. 5.What did Madison do before getting her scuba diving certification？ A．She went sailing often. B．She went boating alone. C．She practised free diving. D．She protected the Great Barrier Reef. 6.Why did Madison shoot underwater video to document sharks？ A．To record sharks' world of wonder. B．To popularize her photography works. C．To raise awareness of shark conservation. D．To spare more time to accompany sharks. 7.Which of the following may agree with Madison's philosophy？ A．Many hands make light work. B．Action speaks louder than words. C．Together we can make a difference. D．Personal influence can't be ignored. 8.What's the purpose of writing this passage？ A．To introduce an influential conservationist. B．To advertise some encouraging documentaries. C．To inspire people to protect whatever they love. D．To inform people how to preserve marine wildlife． B 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了海洋守护者麦迪逊为了保护鲨鱼所做的努力，她参与拍摄的纪录片也鼓励人们参与到鲨鱼保护的行动中来。 5.答案与解析：C　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“She grew up sailing around the Great Barrier Reef on her parents' boat and spent her early life free diving while patiently waiting for the day when she could get her scuba diving (水肺潜水) certification， aged 12.”可知，麦迪逊在获得水肺潜水证书之前练习自由潜水。故选C。 6.答案与解析：C　推理判断题。根据第四段“She taught herself to shoot underwater video to document sharks in their own world and share her sense of wonder with others. She launched a YouTube channel and built a huge following for her documentaries where she focuses on issues like inadequate protection for some shark species and the global shark fin (鳍) industry.”可推知，她拍摄鲨鱼水下生活的视频是为了提升人们保护鲨鱼的意识。 7.答案与解析：D　细节理解题。根据最后一段“It shows Madison's philosophy that the power of the individual to make a difference by their own direct action should never be underestimated.”可知，麦迪逊的哲学是个人改变世界的力量不应该被低估。 8.答案与解析：A　推理判断题。根据第一段“Don't call Madison Stewart an environmentalist. She sees herself simply as an individual taking action in defense of something she loves that's in need of protection.”结合本文主要介绍了海洋守护者麦迪逊为了保护鲨鱼所做的努力，她参与拍摄的纪录片也鼓励人们参与到鲨鱼保护的行动中来。由此推知，写这篇文章的目的是介绍一位有影响力的环保主义者。 Ⅱ.七选五 [2024·广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试]What makes a work of architecture great？Most people would argue that aesthetics is the most important. __1__ However，Roman architect Marcus Vitruvius Pollio believed that we should also consider durability and function when assessing a structure. The Rostonville Library in my city is a great example of Vitruvius' principles. Constructed entirely of granite—a hard and tough stone，the library is durable. It can withstand environmental pollution. For example，it is resistant to acid rain. Moreover，its granite structure is stable so it's more likely to survive an earthquake. __2__ It uses solar energy for heating and a rooftop garden for cooling. __3__ Providing free access to printed and digital information，it conveys a feeling of openness and accessibility. Furthermore，the entire library is on one level，and it has an open design—there are no inner walls or dividers. In addition，large windows let in plenty of natural light，so it's easy to see and get to each department within the library. Finally，the library is beautiful，with aesthetically pleasing details both inside and outside. The large windows are copper­framed (铜框的).The copper color provides an interesting contrast to the color of the granite structure and it will remain as the copper ages. Growth from the rooftop garden，which reaches down the sides of the building，adds to the aesthetics of the building. __4__ Durability，functionality and beauty make the Rostonville Library a great structure. Architects who follow Vitruvius' principles help to make the city more pleasant to live in. __5__ A．The library is also sustainable. B．It is true that beauty is critical. C．This is not the only concern of the architects. D．The library was designed with functionality in mind. E．It softens the lines of the structure and helps it to fit into its natural surroundings. F．Plus，the library was built on the edge of the city park，surrounded by native plants. G．Buildings that fulfill these criteria offer both peace of mind and beauty to their users. Ⅱ.七选五 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。作者认为只有集耐久性、功能性和美感于一体的建筑才可谓伟大建筑。本文以Rostonville图书馆为例进行了阐释。 1.答案与解析：B　空前的“What makes a work of architecture great？Most people would argue that aesthetics is the most important”讲大多数人会认为美学是成就伟大建筑作品最重要的因素；空后的“However，Roman architect Marcus Vitruvius Pollio believed that we should also consider durability and function when assessing a structure”讲然而古罗马建筑师维特鲁威认为在评价一座建筑时还应考虑耐久性和功能性。因此空处应是对空前观点的肯定，与空后观点构成转折，故B项“美确实至关重要”符合语境。 2.答案与解析：A　根据空后的“It uses solar energy for heating and a rooftop garden for cooling”可知，该图书馆利用太阳能供暖，利用屋顶花园降温。由此可推知，此处在描述该图书馆的可持续性，故A项符合语境。 3.答案与解析：D　根据空的位置和文章结构可知，空处是段落主旨句。根据本段中的“Providing free access to printed and digital information ...there are no inner walls or dividers ...get to each department within the library”可知，本段主要讲该图书馆的设计考虑到了功能性，故D项适合作本段的主旨句。 4.答案与解析：E　本空位于本段的末尾，承接空前一句。根据空前一句“Growth from the rooftop garden ...adds to the aesthetics of the building”可知，此处讲的是屋顶花园垂下的绿植对图书馆美感的影响，故E项“它软化了图书馆的线条，帮助其融入自然环境”符合语境。E项中的第一个“It”指代空前的“Growth”。 5.答案与解析：G　空处承接上文。根据空前的“Architects who follow Vitruvius' principles help to make the city more pleasant to live in”可知，空处应该讲遵循维特鲁威原则的建筑物带来的影响，故G项“符合这些标准的建筑为用户提供了心灵的平静和美丽”符合语境。 Ⅲ.语法填空 [2024·湖南省长沙市雅礼中学高三月考]Zhang Guimei， who has dedicated her 40 years to education at China's southwestern border， 1.________ (be) a “mother” for more than 170 children and a principal motivating young girls from impoverished families in 2.________ (mountain) areas. Teaching at a middle school in Huaping county， she saw many girls drop 3.________ of school due to poverty. It saddened her very much and made her realize that an educated female is able to cut the intergenerational 4.________ (transmit) of poverty and change the future of three generations. In 2002， Zhang started her preparation to build a free all­girls high school， in hope of changing the destiny of the girls in the mountain 5.________ lifting them out of poverty. In 2007， Zhang went to Beijing for the 17th Communist Party of China (CPC) National Congress as a deputy. Her report， 6.________ title was “I have a dream” made her dream of building a free all­girls high school known to all. Later， both the Lijiang and Huaping governments 7.________ (sponsor) her with a million yuan， Zhang's school was completed， becoming the first free all­girls high school in China. The school， 8.________ (bear) to fight against poverty， is a shelter for a number of girls in that area. During the past 13 years， the school has nurtured over 1，800 students who have made it 9.________ universities. Zhang suffers from 23 diseases， including heart disease and emphysema， but she is still working selflessly. She gets up at 5：00 am and is always the first one among all the stuff 10.________ (arrive) at school. She also checks how the classes are going three times a day. Zhang has made over 1，600 family visits annually for the past 12 years， covering a total distance of 110，000 kilometers. Ⅲ.语法填空 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了张桂梅致力于中国西南偏远地区的女子教育的感人事迹。 1.答案与解析：is　考查动词时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，本句含有who引导的非限制性定语从句，be动词作主句谓语，描述客观状态，故填is。 2.答案与解析：mountainous　考查形容词。空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语，故填mountainous。 3.答案与解析：out　考查介词。此处是固定搭配：drop out of school意为“辍学”。 4.答案与解析：transmission　考查名词。空前是形容词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，故填transmission。 5.答案与解析：and　考查连词。根据句意可知“changing the destiny of the girls in the mountain”和“lifting them out of poverty”是并列关系， 故填and。 6.答案与解析：whose　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是Her report，空格处在从句中作定语修饰title，故填whose。 7.答案与解析：having sponsored　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词was completed，所以sponsor用非谓语形式，此处是独立主格结构，和逻辑主语Lijiang and Huaping governments之间是主动关系，sponsor动作发生在学校建成之前，故填having sponsored。 8.答案与解析：born/borne　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词is，所以bear用非谓语形式，和逻辑主语school之间是被动关系，用过去分词表被动。故填born或者borne。 9.答案与解析：to　考查介词。此处是固定搭配：make it to sth.意为“成功进入……”。故填to。 10.答案与解析：to arrive　考查非谓语动词。此处是固定句型：主语＋be＋序数词＋名词＋to do意为“第几做某事”，不定式作后置定语。故填to arrive。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$