专题04 Unit2 +Unit3 重点单词变形，词组，短语，句型【考点清单】-2024-2025学年高二英语上学期期末考点大串讲（人教版2019选择性必修第二册）

专题04 Unit2 Bridging Cultures+ Unit3Food and Culture Unit2 Bridging Cultures重点单词变形，词组，短语，句型 XB2U2重点单词变形 1. setting n.环境，场合；（戏剧、小说或电影的）情节背景→ set v.放，置；把故事情节安排在 2. dramatic adj. 巨大的；突然的；急剧的；喜剧(般)的→ dramatical adj. 戏剧的；剧烈的→ dramatically adv.剧烈地；戏剧性地，夸张地→ drama n.戏剧 3. expense n.费用；花费；开销→ expend vt.花费；消耗→ expensive adj.昂贵的 4. behave vt.表现 vi.&vt.表现得体；有礼貌→ behaviour（= behavior） n.行为；举止 5. surrounding adj.周围的，附近的→ surroundings n.环境，周围的事物→ surround v.围绕，环绕 6. depress v.使抑郁，使沮丧；使萧条→ depression n.抑郁，沮丧；萧条（期），不景气→ depressed adj. 抑郁的，沮丧的；萧条的→ depressing adj. 令人沮丧的 7. strengthen vi.&vt. 加强；增强；巩固→ strength n.力量→ strong adj. 强壮的，健壮的 8. optimistic adj. 乐观的→optimist n.乐观主义者 →optimism n.乐观；乐观主义 9. competence n. 能力，胜任；本领→ competent adj.能干的，能胜任的→ compete v.竞争；参加比赛→ competition n. 竞争；比赛→ competitor n.竞争者，对手 10. cooperate vi.合作；协作；配合→ cooperation n.合作；协作→ cooperative adj.合作的，协作的 11. sincerely adv.真诚地→ sincere adj.真诚的，诚挚的 12. logical adj.合乎逻辑的；合情合理的→ logically adv.合乎逻辑地；逻辑上→ logic n.逻辑学，逻辑 13. qualification n. (通过考试或学习课程取得的)资格；学历→ qualify vt.&vi. (使)具备资格；(使)合格→ disqualify vt. 取消…的资格→ disqualification n.不合格；取消资格→ qualified adj.合格的；有资格的，胜任的 14. ambition n. 追求的目标；夙愿；野心；抱负→ ambitious adj. 有野心的；有雄心的 15. adaptation n. 改编本；适应→ adapt v. 适应；改编→ adaptable adj. 能适应的，适应性强的 16. comfort n.安慰；令人感到安慰的人或事物；舒服；安逸 vt.安慰；抚慰→ (反) discomfort n. 不适→comfortable adj.舒适的→ comfortably adv. 舒服地→ uncomfortable adj. 不适的 17. participation n. 参加；参与→ participate vi. 参加；参与→ participant n. 参加者；参与者 18. presentation n. 报告；陈述；出示；拿出→ present v.颁发；提出，陈述；递交；出示（护照等供检查）；呈现（观点） 19. engage vi.参加；参与(活动) vt.吸引(注意力、兴趣)→ engaged adj.使用中的；忙于的→ engagement n.婚约；约定；交战 20. involve vt. 包含；需要；涉及；影响；(使)参加→involved adj.参与的；投入的→ involvement n.参与→ overwhelm v. 使不知所措；压垮 21. overwhelming adj.难以抗拒的；巨大的，压倒性的→ overwhelmingly adv.压倒性地，不可抵抗地 22. homesickness n. 乡愁；思乡病→ homesick adj. 想家的；思乡病的 23. motivated adj. 积极的；主动的→ motivation n. 动力； 积极性；动机→ motivate vt. 成为…的动机；激发；激励 24. reasonable adj.有道理的；合情理的→ reasonably adv.理性地，通情达理地→ reason n.理由；道理 25. expectation n. 期望；预期；期待→expect v. 期盼；盼望→ unexpected adj. 出乎意料的 26. applicant n. 申请人→application n.申请表；申请；应用；应用程序→ apply v.申请；应用 27. expose vt. 使接触；使体验；显露；使暴露于(险境)→ exposure n. 接触；体验；暴露；揭露 XB2U2词组 1. say goodbye to 告辞，告别 2.board a plane 登上飞机 3.It was the first time that sb + had done 这是某人第一次做某事 4.what to expect 会发生什么 5.study for a business qualification 攻读商科学位 6.a year-long exchange programme 一年的交流项目 7.global business 全球商务 8.My ambition is to do sth. 我的志向是... 9.set up a business 创办一家企业 10.after graduation 毕业后 11.adapt to life in a different country 适应异国他乡的生活 12. get used to a whole new life 习惯一种全新的生活 13. get lost 迷路 14. ask passers-by for help 向路人求助 15. be familiar with 熟悉 16. live in campus accommodation 住在学校宿舍 17. a host family 寄宿家庭 18. adaptation to the new culture 适应新文化 19. feel comforted to do sth 做...感到安慰 20. be keen to do sth. 渴望做某事 21. take turns to do sth. 轮流做某事 22. stir-fried tomatoes and eggs 番茄炒蛋 23. academic requirements 学业要求 24. the first time that (连词,引导时间状语从句) “第一次...的时侯” 25. write an essay 写论文 26. cite ideas 引用观点 27. advise sb to do sth 建议某人做..... 28. form a wise opinion of one’s own 形成自己睿智的观点 29. generate ideas 形成观点 30. apply concepts 运用概念 31. raise questions 提出问题 32. as well as 也；和…一样； 33. give presentations 做展示 34. speak up大声点说；明确表态 35. a presentation on traditional Chinese art 关于中国传统艺术的展示 36. boost one’s confidence 提升自信心 37. halfway through [adv] 在…中间/途 38. feel at home 舒服自在；不拘束 39. engage (oneself/sb ) in sth. = be engeged in...从事...忙于... 40. get involved in 参与，卷入，与…有关联 41. be fascinated by ....着迷于...... 42. be eager to do sth. 渴望做某事 43. share…with …同…分享… 44. act as a cultural messenger 扮演着文化使者的角色 45. build a bridge between...在...之间架起一座桥梁 46. in later edition 在下一期中 47. wish sb all the best. 祝某人一切顺利 48. in the past few decades 过去几十年里 (现在完成时的标志) 49. a dramatic increase 急剧增长 50. bring great benefits 大有裨益 51. to begin with 首先 52. face great economic pressure 面对巨大的经济压力 53. tuition fees and living expenses 学费和生活费 54. end up doing sth 到头来，最终（某种境地），以…而告终 55. cost an arm and a leg （使）花一大笔钱 56. the tremendous pressure 巨大压力 57. come with 伴随... 发生 58. limited language skills 有限的语言技能 59. struggle and suffer from culture shock 吃力并承受文化冲击 60. in new surroundings 在新环境中 62. behave oneself举止得体 63. become depressed 变得沮丧 64. encounter problems with personal safety 遇到个人安全问题 65. in addition 此外(= besides=furthermore) 66. approaches to doing 做某事的方法 67. come as a shock to ... 成为一种冲击 68. have potential benefits有诸多潜在的益处 69. look forward to doing sth 盼望着做某事 70. contribute to 有助于；捐献；导致；投稿 71. strengthen our country 增强我国实力 72. to sum up 总之；概括地说 (= in summary) 73. one can't deny the fact + tha t+句子 人们无法否认的事实是 74. personal growth 个人成长 75. change you for the better 让自己变得更好 76. deal with 对付;处理 77. gain a global perspective 获得全球视野 78. improve your general competence 提升综合能力 79. the increased chance 增加的机会 80. be seen as culture envoys 被看作文化大使 81. promote friendship between nations 增进国际友谊 82. cooperate with 与...合作 83. view the world from different angles 从不同角度看世界 84. give us more insight into 对......有更深入的了解 85. provide a great opportunity to... 为…带来更好的机会 86. global outlook 全球前景 87. the Belt and Road Initiative “一带一路”倡议 88. make connections across the world 与世界建立联系 89. young people with a global perspective 有国际视野的年轻人 90. be highly competent with languages 语言能力极强 91. organisational skills 组织能力 92. have strong cultural awareness 拥有强烈文化意识 93. in turn 反过来，转而 94. provide ... with better career opportunities 提供更好的就业机会 95. all in all 总而言之 96. build character 塑造人格(= shape character) 97. increase people's understanding of cultural diversity 增加人们对文化多样性的了解 98. build a shared future 建设一个共同的未来 XB2U2重点句型 1.It was the first time that she had left China. (过去完成时) 这是她第一次离开中国。 It/This was the first time that sb had done sth. (过去完成时) 扩展：It/This is the first time that sb have/ has done sth.（现在完成时） It is time (for sb) to do sth.. 到了(某人)做某事的时候了 It is (high) time that sb did/should do sth. 到了某人做某事的时候了 2.The first time that she had to write an essay, her tutor explained that she must acknowledge what other people had said if she cited their ideas,but that he mainly wanted to know what she thought! 她第一次写论文时,导师跟她解释说,如果引用别人的观点就一定要注明,不过导师主要想知道她是怎么想的! The first time+（that）+ 句子，引导时间状语从句 for the first time 用于句末，充当时间状语 扩展：each/every time 每次……时 next time下次……时 the last time上次……时 3. At first,Xie Lei had no idea what she should say,but what surprised her was that she found herself speaking up in class after just a few weeks.（同位语从句+主语从句+表语从句） 一开始，谢蕾不知道该说什么，可没过几周，使她惊奇的是，她发现她居然能在课堂上大胆发言了。 XB2U2 重点词汇 选择性必修二Unit2 Bridging Cultures 基础知识梳理学案 1.句型公式：this/it is/was the first time （that） ...这是某人第一次…… （1）it/this/that＋was＋the first/second/...time （that） sb had done sth　这/那是某人第一/二/……次做某事 it/this/that＋is＋the first/second/...time（that） sb have/has done sth　　这/那是某人第一/二/……次做某事 （2）it’s time for sth　　 该是（做）……的时候了 it’s （high/about） time （that） ... did/should do sth　　该是做……的时候了 【跟踪典例】 完成句子 ①这是我第一次写申请和个人履历。 This is 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　and the personal resume. ②这是双胞胎第一次为母亲准备早餐，因此他们既激动又紧张。 This was the first time that 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　their mother, so they were excited and nervous. ③该是我们立即采取措施保护海洋不受污染的时候了。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 the oceans from being polluted.[it is high time （that） 2.engage vi.参加；参与（活动） vt.吸引（注意力、兴趣）；聘请 （1）engage （sb） in　　　（使某人）从事或参与 engage in doing sth　　忙于做某事 engage sb to do sth　　聘请某人做某事 （2）engaged adj.　　忙于；从事于；已订婚的 be engaged to　　与……订婚 be engaged in　　参加；忙于 （3）engagement n.　　订婚；约会 【跟踪典例】 语境辨义 ①Engaging in exploring splendid Chinese culture gives him a chance to act as a cultural messenger. 　　　　　　　 ②When he was very young, he was engaged to the daughter of one of his father’s friends.　　　　　　　 完成句子 ③尽管你忙于学习，你也应该抽出一些时间来参加户外活动。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　, you should set aside some time to 　　　　　　　　　　　. 3.involve vt.包含；需要；涉及；影响；（使）参加 （1）involve （doing） sth　包含；需要（做）某事 involve oneself in sth　　参加…… （2）involved adj.　　参与的；投入的 be/get involved in　　参与；卷入；与……有关联；专注于 （3）involvement n.　　参与；卷入；牵连 【跟踪典例】单句语法填空 ①At the festival, I got 　　　　　　（involve） in a wide range of amazing activities ... ②I participated in the activity where my work involved 　　　　　　（care） for the elderly. 完成句子 ③老师积极参与学生的学习过程，在必要时提供指导和支持。 The teacher 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, providing guidance and support wherever necessary. 4.expose vt.使接触；使体验；显露；使暴露于（险境）；揭露 （1）expose ...to ...　　使……接触……；使……暴露于…… expose oneself to ...　　使自己面临……；使自己暴露于…… expose sth to sb　　向某人揭发某事 （be） exposed to ...　　暴露于/接触…… （2）exposure n.　　接触；体验；暴露；揭露 【跟踪典例】单句语法填空 ①Generally speaking, there is a direct link between 　　　　　　（expose） to the sun and skin cancer, so try to avoid exposing your skin 　　　　　　the sun. 一句多译 ②我从小就接触外教，因此，我能够用英语和其他人自由交流。 （申请信） →I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, so I can communicate freely with others in English. →　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　, I can communicate freely with others in English.（分词作状语） 5.gain vt.获得；赢得；取得；增加；得到；获益 n.好处；增加；利益 （1）gain experience from　 从……中获得经验 gain one’s respect/trust　　获得某人的尊重/信任 （2）No pain, no gain.　　不劳无获。 【跟踪典例】单句语法填空 ①With the local tourism booming， the town 　　　　　　（gain） popularity in the past years. 完成句子 ②通过这次活动，我们不仅获得了园艺知识，而且对大自然有了更好的了解。 Not only 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　but we also had a better understanding of nature from this activity. 6.behave vt.表现 vi.& vt.表现得体；有礼貌 （1）behave well/badly to/towards sb　　对待某人好/差 behave oneself　　守规矩；表现得体 （2）behaviour n.　　举止；行为 well-behaved adj.　　表现好的 badly-behaved adj.　　表现差的 【跟踪典例】单句语法填空 ①It is not right for some parents to control the 　　　　　　（behave） of their children. 完成句子 ②强烈建议你参加晚宴时要举止得体。作为一位举止得体的客人，你不应该把筷子插在食物里，或者用筷子指着其他人。 （传统习俗） It is highly recommended that 　　　　　　　　　when attending feasts.　　　　　　　　, you shouldn’t stick your chopsticks in the food or point them at others. 7.participate vi.参加；参与 （1）participate in　　　　　参加；参与 participate with sb in sth　　与某人一起参与某事 （2）participant n.　　参加者 participation n.　　参与；参加 【跟踪典例】单句语法填空 ①I’d appreciate it if you could confirm your 　　　　　　（participate） at your earliest convenience. ②You’ll hear these 　　　　　　（participate） stories and learn what strategies worked well for them, and what traps they encountered that you should avoid. 完成句子 ③希望你能参加比赛，因为你的参与一定能帮助我们获得冠军。 （邀请信） Hopefully, you 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, as your participation can surely help us win the championship. 补充：“参加”荟萃： ①take part in 　　　　②join in ③compete in　　④get involved in ⑤engage in 8.comfort n.安慰；令人感到安慰的人或事物；舒服；安逸 vt.安慰；抚慰 （1）be a comfort （to sb） （对某人来说）是个安慰 in comfort　　舒适地；放松地 to one’s comfort　　让某人感到安慰的是 （2）comfort sb for sth　　因某事安慰某人 comfort ... with ...　　以……安慰…… （3）comfortable adj.　　舒服的；舒适的 uncomfortable adj.　　不舒服的 comfortably adv.　　舒服地；舒适地 【跟踪典例】单句语法填空 ①Even if he was in trouble, he was still optimistic, which was a great comfort 　　　　　　me. ②Compared to other alternatives, it’s 　　　　　　（comfort） and relaxing. 完成句子 ③看到我不舒服，爸爸站起来，走到我跟前，把我揽入怀中安慰我。（读后续写之动作链描写） 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, my father rose to his feet, came up to me and gathered me into his arms to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 答案： 1.①the first time that I have written an application　②the twins had prepared a breakfast for　③It’s （high/about） time （that） we took/should take immediate measures to protect 2.①（使）从事；参与　②与……订婚　③Although （you are） engaged in your study； engage （yourself） in outdoor activities 3.①involved　②caring　③was very involved in the students’ learning process 4.①exposure； to　②have been exposed to foreign teachers since a young age； Having been exposed to foreign teachers since a young age 5.①has gained　②did we gain knowledge of gardening 6.①behaviour　②you （should） behave yourself； As a well-behaved guest 7.①participation　②participants’　③can participate in the game 8.①to　②comfortable　③Seeing I was uncomfortable； comfort me Unit3 Food and Culture 重点单词变形，词组，短语，句型 XB2U3重点单词变形 1.prior adj.先前的，较早的，较重要的→priority n.优先事项，优先权； 2.consist v.v.由……组成，存在于，存在→consistent adj.一致的，始终如一的 3.bold adj.大胆自信的，敢于冒险的→boldly adv.大胆地，冒失地→boldness n.大胆，冒失，显著； 4.stuff v.填满，把……塞进（或填进）→stuffed adj.饱的→stuffing n.填料，（玩具等的）填充物； 5.elegant adj.精美的，讲究的，文雅的→elegantly adv.优美地→elegance n.优雅，雅致，简练； 6.exceptional adj.异常的，罕见的；杰出的，优秀的→exception n.例外，例外的事物→exceptionally adv.罕见，特别，例外地→except prep.除……之外；v.不包括； 7.minimum n.最小值，最少量；adj.最小的，最低的→mini n.迷你型；adj.微型的→minimize v.使最小化，贬低；maximum 最大值 8.consume v.吃，喝；消耗，耗费（能量、时间等）→consumer n.消费者，顾客→consumption n.消耗，消费； 9.association n.协会，关联→associate v.联想，联系，交往→associated adj.有关联的，相关的，联合的→associative adj.联想的，联合的，组合的； 10.regardless adj.不管的，不注意的；adv.不顾，不管怎样→regardlessness n.不重视，不顾一切→regard v.认为，把……看作→regarding prep.关于，至于； 11.category n.种类，范畴→categorize v.分类→categorized adj.分类的； 12.quantity n.数量，数额→quantitative adj.数量的，量化的，定量的→quantify v.测定……的数量，量化，定量； 13.moderation n.适度，有节制，温和，缓和→moderate adj.中等的，温和的，不偏激的→moderately adv.适度地，中庸地，有节制地→moderator n.仲裁人，调解人；     14.ideal adj.完美的，理想的；n.理想，完美的人或事物→ideally adj.理想地，观念上地→idealize v.理想化，使理想化→idealistic adj.理想主义的，空想的→idealism n.理想主义，唯心论→idealist n.空想家，理想主义者； 15.fundamental adj.根本的，基础的；n.基本规律，根本法则→fundamentally adv.根本地，基础地 16.chew v.咀嚼，咬→chewy adj.难嚼的，软软而会黏着的； 17.modest adj.适中的，谦逊的，保守的→modestly adv.谨慎地，适当地→modesty n.谦虚，适度，腼腆； 18.trick n.诀窍，计谋，把戏→tricky adj.难对付的，棘手的，诡计多端的； 19.recommend v.推荐，举荐，建议→recommendation n.推荐，求职介绍信； 20.varied adj.各种各样的，不相同的，变化的→various adj.各种各样的→variety n.不同种类，多样化→vary v.变化； 21.insist v.坚持认为，坚持说→insistence n.坚决要求，坚持，固执； 22.relate v.联系，涉及，关于→relation n.关系，交往→relationship n.关系，联系→relative adj.相对的；n.亲戚，亲属； XB2U3词组 1.prior to doing sth. 在做某事之前，比做某事更重要 2.consist of 由……组成，由……构成 be consistent with... 与……一致 3.recommend sb. sth.= recommend sth. to sb. 向某人推荐某物 recommend doing 建议做…… recommend sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事 4.stuff...with...=be stuffed with 塞满……     5.with the exception of 除……之外，不包括……在内 6.at a minimum 处于最小限度，至少 keep...to a minimum 把……保持在最低限度 7.be consumed with 充满 8.mushroom to... 发展成…… go mushrooming 去采蘑菇 9.go/sell like hot cakes 畅销 10.insist on (sb’s/one’s) doing sth. insist that sb. (should) do sth. 坚持要求某人做某事 11.beyond one’s reach 某人够不着 beyond recognition/description 认不出来/无法描述 without/beyond doubt 毫无疑问，的确 12.a large/small quantity of 大量/小量的…… enormous/vast/huge quantities of 大量的…… in quantity 数量上 13.be fundamental to 对……是基本的 14.be modest about 对……谦虚 15.a trick to/of doing sth. 做某事的技巧/诀窍 play a trick on/upon 戏弄 trick sb. into doing sth. 欺骗某人做某事 trick sb. out of sth. 从某人处骗走某物     16.keep/lose track of 了解/不了解……，与……保持/失去联系 17.put simply 简单地说，简而言之 18.relate...to... 把……和……联系起来 19.go hand in hand 手拉手，密切合作 20.make up组成，构成；编造；为……化妆 21.regardless of 不管，不顾，不理会 22.cut down削减，缩小（尺寸、数量或数目）， 改小（衣服）；砍伐，砍死； 23.just/barely...before... 一/刚……就…… 24.slice...off 切下 XB2U3重点句型 1．For example，America's most popular Chinese dish is General Tso's chicken，which consists of fried chicken covered in a sweet sauce, flavoured with hot red peppers. 例如，在美国最受欢迎的中国菜是“左宗棠鸡”，它是在油炸的鸡肉上淋上甜酱，然后用红辣椒调味制成的。 2．On the other hand, it does tell us a lot about Americans. 另一方面，它确实让我们对美国人有了很多的了解。 3．Tired, hungry, and not knowing a word of Chinese, we had no idea how to order, so the chef just began filling our table with the best food we had ever eaten. 我们又累又饿，而且一句汉语也不会，我们不知道该怎么点餐，所以厨师就开始在我们的桌子上摆满食物，那是我们吃过的最可口的食物。 4．However, there is increasing evidence that the real driver of poor health is not so much fatty food, as it is sugar. 然而，越来越多的证据表明，导致不健康的真正因素并非高脂肪食物，而是糖分。 5．It is up to you to decide how you want to live, and to make the right decisions about your diet. 你想如何生活、如何作出正确的饮食决定，这取决于你自己。 XB2U3重点词汇 1. prior　adj.先前的；优先的 be prior to 在……之前的；居先 (to为介词) be senior to 比……大/年长；比……职位高 be junior to 比……小/年幼 1）Prior to coming to China, my only experience with Chinese cooking was in America, with Chinese food that had been changed to suit American tastes. 在来中国之前，我对中国烹饪的唯一体验是在美国，中国菜已经做了改变，以适应美国人的口味。 2）They had to refuse the dinner invitation because of a prior engagement. 因有约在先，他们只好谢绝了宴会的邀请。 【跟踪典例】—单句语法填空 1)Prior to_________________ (take) a working holiday abroad you will need to do a number of things. 2)I was given the job, despite the fact that he is senior __________________me. [写美]——完成句子 (3)所有的安排都应该在他们出发之前完成。 All the arrangements should have been completed ___________________________________. 答案：(1)taking (2)taking (3) prior to their departure 2.consist of　由……组成(或构成) consist in 主要在于，存在于 consist with 和……一致；并存；相符 be made up of 由……组成 1）As is known to us, life consists of not only sunshine but also storms. 众所周知，生活中不仅有阳光，还有暴风雨。 2）As far as I'm concerned, happiness consists in serving the people. 就我个人而言，幸福在于为人民服务。 【跟踪典例】—单句语法填空 1)The Summer Palace is a famous tourist attraction _________________ (consist) of Kunming Lake, Wanshou Hill and the 17-arch Bridge. 2)Keep it in mind that our ideal life doesn't always consist _________________the reality. —一句多译 这支医疗队由五名医生和十名护士组成。 3)This medical team_________________ five doctors and ten nurses. 4)This medical team _________________ five doctors and ten nurses. 5)Five doctors and ten nurses _________________ this medical team. 名师指津：consist of、belong to等短语都不能用于被动语态和进行时态。 答案：(1) consisting (2) with (3) consists of (4) is made up of(5)make up 3.consume　vt.吃；喝；饮；消耗；烧毁；毁灭 consumer n． 消费者；顾客 consumption n. 消费；消耗 1）Alcohol can do harm to our health if consumed in large quantities. 大量饮酒有害于我们的健康。 2）We should adopt the consumers' reasonable suggestions. 我们应该采纳消费者的合理建议。 【跟踪典例】——单句语法填空/猜测加黑词的含义 1) (2020·全国卷Ⅰ)Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity _________________ (consume) in the US. 2)The_________________(consume) of the resources on the earth is increasing at an alarming rate. 3)The fire soon consumed the old wooden buildings in the neighborhood._________________ ——完成句子 4)不可否认，这样的评级可能会给消费者带来便利。 There is no denying that such ratings might __________________________________ 答案：(1)consumed (2)consumption (3)烧毁；毁灭 (4) bring convenience to consumers. 4 go hand in hand　密切相关，齐头并进 hand in hand 　 手拉手；联合 by hand 用手，手工的 from hand to mouth 仅够糊口地 on hand 在手头，现有；到场 on the other hand 另一方面 1）What we can say, however, is that culture and cuisine go hand in hand, and if you do not experience one, you can never really know the other. 但是，我们可以确定的是，文化和美食这两者息息相关，如果你没有体验过其中的一个，你就永远无法真正了解另一个。 2）As the saying goes, success and failure always go hand in hand.　俗话说，成功与失败总是相伴的。 【跟踪典例】—完成句子 1)一方面，我们应该对未来乐观，另一方面，我们应该做好充分准备。 On the one hand, we should be optimistic about our future and _________________, we should make full preparations. 2)毫无疑问，贫困和健康不良常有连带关系。 There is no doubt that poverty and poor health often _________________. 3)我们过着勉强糊口的日子，因此我们用手工做的中国结来赚些额外的钱。 We lived from hand to mouth, so we made Chinese knots__________ to earn some extra money. 答案：(1)on the other hand (2) go hand in hand.(3) by hand 5.association　n．协会；关联，交往；联系 in association with...　 与……联合/有关联 associate vt. 联想；联系；交往 　　　　　n. 同事；伙伴 associate with... 　 和……交往；和……结交 associate...with... 把……和……联系在一起 be associated with... 与……有关 1）I am Li Hua, chairman of the Students' Association. I will organize an exhibition in association with several other universities. 我是李华，学生会主席。我将联合其他几所大学组织一次展览。 2）If you associate with positive-thinking people, you are likely to achieve success. 如果你和思想积极的人交往，你可能会成功。 【跟踪典例】—单句语法填空 1)My _________________ (associate) with him goes back to our days in high school. 2)There are many serious health problems _________________ (associate) with smoking. —完成句子 3)不可否认，健康与均衡的饮食有关。 There is no denying that __________________________________. 答案：(1) association(2) associated(3)health is associated with a balanced diet. 6. regardless of　不管；不顾 regardless of为介词短语，后接名词、代词或 v．-ing形式，在句中作状语。 in spite of＝despite 　尽管 1）This is true regardless of how healthy the rest of their diet might be. 无论他们其他方面的饮食多么健康，都确实如此。 2）Despite the fact that it rains, we can still take part in physical activities in the stadium. 尽管下雨，我们仍然可以在体育场参加体育活动。 【跟踪典例】—单句语法填空 1)She is determined to do it regardless _________________all consequences. 2)Dr. Bethune continued working in spite of __________________________________ (cut) his hand during an operation. —完成句子 3) (2020·全国卷Ⅰ满分作文)李叔叔不顾感染的危险，对工作负责，尽心尽力。 __________________________________, Uncle Li is responsible and devoted to his job. 答案：(1)of (2)cutting (3)Regardless of the risk of getting infected, 7.cut down on　削减；减少 cut down 　 削减，砍倒 cut in 插嘴 cut off 剪断；切除；隔断；中断； 切断(水、电等的)供应；堵截 cut out 剪下；割掉；删除；裁剪 cut up 切碎；切割 1）In other words, if you want to be healthy, you have to cut down on desserts, and cut out sweet drinks altogether. 换言之，如果你想健康，就必须减少甜点的摄入，并且完全不喝含糖饮料。 2）We can cut down on the amount of gas we use by taking public transportation. 我们可以通过乘坐公共交通工具来减少汽油的使用量。 【跟踪典例】——用cut的相关短语填空 1)The village _________________from the outside world by the heavy snow for days. 2)_________________ my daily expenses, I decide to bring lunch to work tomorrow. 3)It is bad manners_________________ while others are talking. —完成句子 4)如果所有的人都减少食物浪费，大量的食物可以被节省，更多的人将被养活。 __________________________________, a large quantity of food can be saved and more people will be fed. 答案：(1) was cut off (2) To cut down (3) to cut in (4) If all people cut down on food waste 8.quantity　n．数量；数额 a quantity of 大量的 quantities of＋ 许多的，大量的 in quantity 大量的 quality n. 质量 1）Learning that you have large quantities of experience in playing basketball, I'm writing to sincerely invite you to join in our basketball club. 得知你在打篮球方面有许多经验，我写信真诚地邀请你加入我们的篮球俱乐部。 2）Experts say that the quality of praise is more important than the quantity. 专家说，表扬的质量比表扬的数量更重要。 【跟踪典例】—单句语法填空 1)Large quantities of books __________________________________ (contribute) to the children in the countryside since then. 2)A large quantity of money __________________________________ (collect) to help those suffering from the floods. —完成句子 3)我想推荐成都作为你的旅游目的地，因为成都有许多景点，例如都江堰。 I'd like to recommend Chengdu as your travel destination, because Chengdu __________________________________, such as Dujiangyan. 名师点津：“a quantity of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数；而“quantities of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 答案：(1)have been contributed (2) has been collected(3)has a large quantity of tourist attractions 9. trick　n．诀窍；计谋；把戏　v．欺骗；欺诈 play a trick/tricks on sb. 捉弄某人 The trick is to... 诀窍在于…… trick sb. 1）There is no one trick to healthy eating. 健康饮食没有诀窍。 2）An advertiser might be trying to trick consumers into buying a product or a service. 广告商可能试图哄骗顾客购买产品或服务。 【跟踪典例】—单句语法填空 1)I won't have you playing _________________(trick) on your classmates. (2)We __________________________________(trick) into buying a poor car, which made me very upset. [写美]——完成句子 3)作为一名来自美国的交换生，我喜欢吃水饺。你可以告诉我包水饺的诀窍吗？ As an exchange student from America, I like eating dumplings. Would you please tell me __________________________________? 答案：(1) tricks(2)were tricked (3)(4)the trick of making dumplings [经典句式过关] 1.倍数表达法 (教材P32)And in America, people who receive 25% of their daily calories or more through sugar are twice as likely to die from heart disease than people who receive less than 10% a day.　在美国，每天从糖分中摄取25%或更高卡路里的人死于心脏病的可能性是日摄取量少于10%的人的两倍。 1)A＋be＋倍数＋as＋adj./adv.原级＋as＋B； 2)A＋be＋倍数＋adj./adv.比较级＋than＋B； 3)A＋be＋倍数＋the＋名词 (size/weight/length...)＋of＋B； 4)A＋be＋倍数＋what从句，表示“A是……的多少倍”。 The teaching building which is being built now is twice higher than that one. 正在修建的教学楼比那个教学楼高两倍。 【跟踪典例】—单句语法填空 (1)The electronic waste stream is increasing three times _________________ (fast) than traditional garbage as a whole. (2)The number of students now in this school is four times _________________ it was ten years ago. —一句多译 在建的体育馆将是操场的三倍大。 (3)The new stadium being built will be_________________ the playground. (than) (4)The new stadium being built will be _________________ the playground. (as...as) (5)The new stadium being built will be_________________ the playground. (size) 答案：(1)faster (2)what (3)twice bigger than(4) three times as big as(5) three times the size of 2.while引导时间状语从句 (教材P32)Put more simply, while people continue to argue over whether or not fatty food is dangerous, we already know that sugar is a killer. 简单地说，当人们还在继续争论高脂肪食物是否有害时，我们已经知晓糖分是健康的杀手。 1)意为“当……时，和……同时”时，引导时间状语从句； 2)意为“尽管，虽然”时，引导让步状语从句； 3)意为“只要”时，引导条件状语从句； 4)意为“然而，可是”时，连接两个并列句子，表示“对比”关系。 While I was in London, you helped me adapt to the new surroundings as soon as possible. 当我在伦敦时，你帮助我尽快适应了新的环境。 【跟踪典例】—写出下列句中while的含义 (1)While there is life, there is hope. _________________ (2)I am gifted in calligraphy while my brother is good at drawing. _________________ (3)While I am an exchange student, I have a good command of English and know about British culture. _________________ (4) (2021·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)While you're in China, Mount Huangshan is a must to visit！ _________________ —完成句子 (5)虽然学生们来自不同的国家，但他们在夏令营中相处得很好。 ___________________________________________________, they got along well in the summer camp. 答案：(1)只要 (2) 然而(3)当……时(4)当……时(6)While the students came from different countries 3“It is up to sb.to do sth.”意为“由某人决定做某事” (教材P32)It is up to you to decide how you want to live, and to make the right decisions about your diet.　由你来决定如何生活并做出正确的饮食选择。 up to 　 做，从事于；由……决定； 能胜任(做某事)；是……的职责；达到 up to now (时间)直到现在(与现在完成时连用) up to date 跟得上形势，时髦；最新的 It is up to you to decide whether you accept the present or not. 是否接受这份礼物由你自己来决定。 【跟踪典例】写出下列句中up to的含义 1) (2020·全国卷Ⅱ)I was always an enthusiastic reader, sometimes reading up to three books a day as a child. _________________ 2)It is up to parents to teach their children table manners. _________________ 3)I don't know what he is up to these days. _________________ 4)John was dismissed because he wasn't up to the position. _________________ 答案：(1)达到 (2)是……的职责(3)做，从事于(4)能胜任 4.what引导名词性从句 The food was wonderful and different, but what was even more important was the friendship offered us. 食物妙不可言且与众不同，但更重要的是我们所获得的友谊。 what引导的名词性从句： (1)功能：可用作主语、宾语或表语 (2)意义 What you have to do is to have a good rest and follow the doctor's advice. 你要做的就是好好休息，听从医生的建议。 —单句语法填空 (1)_________________ makes matter worse is that he suffered from a disease in Senior Two. (2)We now live in_________________ is called the Information Age. [写美]——句型转换 (3)A number of modern buildings were built in the place which was wasteland. →A number of modern buildings were built in __________________________________. 答案：(1) What (2) what(3)what was wasteland 5.祈使句＋and＋陈述句 Tell me what you eat, and I will tell you what you are. 告诉我你平时吃什么，我就能知道你是什么样的人。 (1)祈使句＋and＋陈述句＝If...＋主句； (2)祈使句＋or/or else/otherwise＋陈述句＝If...not...＋主句； (3)名词词组＋and＋陈述句。 A bit more effort, I think, and you will settle the problem. 我认为再努力一点，你就能解决这个问题了。 【跟踪典例】——单句语法填空 1)Work hard, _________________ you will pass the exams. 2)Hurry up, _________________you will be late for class. 3)Believe in yourself and work hard, and you _________________ (achieve) your dream sooner or later. [写美]——一句多译 给我一个机会，我会给你更多回报。 (4)__________________________________, and I will reward you with more. (5)__________________________________, I will reward you with more. 答案：(1) and(2) or (3)will achieve(4)Give me a chance(5)If you give me a chance 6.形容词(短语)作状语 (教材P26)Tired, hungry, and not knowing a word of Chinese, we had no idea how to order, so the chef just began filling our table with the best food we had ever eaten. 又累又饿，而且一句汉语也不会，我们根本不知道如何点餐，于是厨师在我们的桌子上摆满了食物，那是我们吃过的最可口的饭菜。 (1)形容词(短语)作状语，说明谓语动词发生时主语所处的状态； (2)形容词(短语)作状语还可以表示行为方式或伴随状况、原因、时间或条件等。 To our relief, the missing child returned home ten days later, exhausted but healthy. 使我们欣慰的是，丢失的孩子10天后回到了家，筋疲力尽但很健康。 【跟踪典例】——单句语法填空 (1)The boy lay on the sofa,_________________ (relax). (2)Hearing the news, she stood there, _________________(surprise). [写美]——完成句子 (3)他无法控制自己的情绪，大哭起来，以手掩面。 ___________________________________________________, he burst into tears and buried his face in his hands. 答案：(1)relaxed (2) surprised(3)Unable to control his emotions 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$