Unit 8 natural disasters重难单词短语句型与核心语法强化练100道-2024-2025学年八年级英语上册重难考点提升训练（牛津译林版）

Unit 8 Natural disasters 重难单词短语句型与核心语法强化练100道 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 考点目录 一、重难单项选择精选：句意优先，多背特殊与近义辨析。 1 二、句型转换：作文句式灵活多变的基础。 6 三、汉译英：根据汉语提示完成句子。 7 四、单词拼写：根据汉语提示和句意完成句子。 10 五、用所给词的适当形式填空。 13 六、单词拼写：根据首字母提示和句意填空。 15 七、选词填空 17 一、重难单项选择精选：句意优先，多背特殊与近义辨析。 1．Do you know ________ to do it? A．how B．what C．which D．if 【答案】A 【详解】句意：你知道如何做吗？ 考查疑问词+不定式。how怎样；what什么；which哪一个；if如果。动词do有宾语“it”，故空格处应填疑问副词。排除B和C项，“how to do it”表示“如何做它（这件事）”。故选A。 2．Sun Yang _________ the other swimmers and ________ the gold medal in the 400-meter freestyle. A．beat; won B．won; beat C．won; beats D．wins; beat 【答案】A 【详解】句意：孙杨击败了其他的游泳选手，并在400米自由泳比赛中赢得了金牌。 考查动词辨析。beat指击败某人；win指赢得奖品或奖项。由swimmer可知，此处表示击败某人，所以要用beat来表示；由后文gold medal可知，此处表示赢得金牌，应该用win来表示；又因本句在表述过去发生的事情，所以动词用其过去式，beat的过去式是beat；win的过去式是won。故选A。 3．—Is Tom at school today? —No, he’s at home ________ he has a bad cold. A．if B．until C．because D．because of 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——汤姆今天在学校吗？——不，他在家，因为他得了重感冒。 考查连词辨析。if如果；until直到；because因为；because of因为（后接名词）。根据“he’s at home...he has a bad cold”可知，前后为因果关系，用because引导原因状语从句。故选C。 4．Thousands of people died ________ the earthquake. A．because B．because of C．such as D．although 【答案】B 【详解】句意：数千人因地震而死亡。 考查介词短语。because因为，后接从句；because of由于，后接短语；such as例如；although虽然。根据题干，the earthquake是人们死亡的原因，且是短语，应用because of。故选B。 5．Keep ________. The baby falls asleep. A．silent B．noisy C．noise D．silence 【答案】A 【详解】句意：保持安静。婴儿睡着了。 考查形容词用法。silent沉默的，安静的；noisy吵闹的；noise噪音；silence沉默。根据“The baby falls asleep.”可知，婴儿睡着了，所以要保持安静，keep是系动词，后加形容词作表语，故选A。 6．Can you help me to cheer ________ the sad girl in other ways? A．up B．down C．with D．on 【答案】A 【详解】句意：你能用其他方式帮我让这个悲伤的女孩高兴起来吗？ 考查动词短语。up向上，副词；down向下，副词；with和，介词；on在……上，介词。根据“Can you help me to cheer ... the sad girl in other ways?”可知，此处指使悲伤的女孩高兴起来，cheer up“使高兴”。故选A。 7．Sun Hai ________ his mother make dinner when his father got home from work. A．was helping B．helps C．helped D．is helping 【答案】A 【详解】句意：父亲下班回家时，孙海正在帮母亲做晚饭。 考查动词时态。此处是含when引导的状语从句的复合句，从句动作发生时，主句动作正在进行。根据“got home”可知，从句是一般过去时，主句应为过去进行时。故选A。 8．Brian was sleeping ________ his mother was telling a story. A．until B．while C．before D．after 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当他妈妈在讲故事时，布莱恩正在睡觉。 考查连词辨析。until直到；while当……时候；before在……之前；after在……之后。题目中的两个句子都是过去进行时，因而判断两个动作同时发生；表示同时发生时用while，引导时间状语从句，常和进行时连用。故选B。 9．—What do you want _______ in the future, a doctor or a teacher? —A teacher. _______ to be a doctor seems like a great job, I like to be a teacher better. A．to be; Although B．to do; Since C．to do; Although D．to be; Since 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你将来想做什么，医生还是老师？——一位老师。虽然当医生似乎是一份很棒的工作，但我更喜欢当老师。 考查词义辨析。want to be sth.想成为……；want to do sth.想做某事。此处指想成为某种职业，故用to be。Although尽管；Since既然。分析句子可知，尽管医生这份工作很棒，但还是更喜欢当老师，故用Although引导让步状语从句。故选A。 10．Mary must be ill at home _______ she didn’t come to school today. A．when B．because of C．but D．because 【答案】D 【详解】句意：玛丽一定是病在家里，因为她今天没来上学。 考查连词辨析。when当……时；because of因为，后接名词、代词等；but但是；because因为，后接句子。分析句子可知，玛丽因为没来上学，所以推测她一定是病了，后句表原因，故用because引导状语从句。故选D。 11．_______ the weather is so bad, I decide to stay at home and watch TV. A．And B．Until C．Since D．Unless 【答案】C 【详解】句意：既然天气这么坏，我决定待在家里看电视。 考查连词辨析。And和；Until直到；Since既然；Unless除非。“the weather is so bad”是“I decide to stay at home and watch TV”的原因，用since引导原因状语从句，故选C。 12．His music is full of power and strength. It can be sad or joyful, loud or soft. But people say it is not the music ________ that makes his playing so particular. A．alone B．lonely C．alive D．available 【答案】A 【详解】句意：他的音乐充满了力量。它可以是悲伤的或快乐的，响亮的或柔和的。但人们说，不仅仅是音乐使他的演奏如此特别。 考查形容词辨析。alone独自的；lonely孤独的；alive活着的；available可利用的。根据“But people say it is not the music...that makes his playing so particular.”可知应指不只是音乐自己使得他的演奏独特，应用alone。故选A。 13．Water was poured ________ the sink and vanished ________ the drain. A．in, out B．into, up C．into, down D．on, down 【答案】C 【详解】句意：水被倒入水槽，然后顺着下水道消失了。 考查介词辨析。in在……里；out出去；into进入；up向上；down顺着……向下，on在……上。pour into“倒入”，down the drain“顺着下水道往下”，根据“Water was poured...the sink and vanished...the drain.”可知，水被倒入水槽，然后顺着下水道消失了。故选C。 14．—Little Jack is picking apples in the tree. —Let’s ask him to ________ and play basketball with us. A．come out B．come on C．come down D．come back 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——小杰克正在树上摘苹果。——我们去让他下来和我们一起打篮球吧。 考查动词短语。come out出版；come on来吧，开始；come down下来；come back回来。结合“Little Jack is picking apples in the tree.”，可知“Let’s ask him to...and play basketball with us.”应是表示让Jack从树上下来，然后一起打篮球。故选C。 15．Wang Chuqin didn’t lose heart ________ his rackets were broken. ________, he tried to cheer up in the next game. A．when; Instead B．if; Instead C．though; Once D．because; Once 【答案】A 【详解】句意：当他的球拍坏了的时候，王楚钦并没有灰心。相反，他在接下来的比赛中努力振作起来。 考查连词和副词辨析。when何时；if如果；though尽管；instead相反；once曾经。根据“his rackets were broken”可知此处指球拍坏了的时候，应用连词when引导时间状语从句；球拍坏了，但是没有放弃，“相反”应用副词instead表示对比关系。故选A。 16．—Some people try their best to save birds ________ others even kill them for food! —Hope more people will learn to care about birds. A．but B．if C．while D．because 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——一些人尽他们最大的努力去救鸟，然而其他人甚至为了食物而杀死它们！——希望更多的人会学着去关心鸟。 考查连词辨析。but但是，表示转折关系；if如果，表示条件关系；while然而，表示对比或相反的情况；because因为，表示因果关系。根据句意可知，前后两句存在对比关系，即“一些人尽他们最大的努力去救鸟”与“其他人甚至为了食物而杀死它们”进行对比，所以空格处应填表示对比的连词，while符合语境。故选C。 17．My car ________ on the way to my school, so I took a bus there at last. A．fell down B．put down C．broke down D．calmed down 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我的车在去学校的路上坏了，所以我最后乘公共汽车去了。 考查动词短语。fell down跌倒；put down放下；broke down出故障；calmed down冷静下来。根据“so I took a bus there at last”我最后乘公共汽车去学校，可知是车出故障了。故选C。 18．You’d better _________ to music when _________ your homework. A．not to listen; doing B．not to listen; to do C．not listen; to do D．not listen; doing 【答案】D 【详解】句意：你做作业的时候最好不要听音乐。 考查情态动词和现在分词。you’d better do sth.表示“最好做某事”，第一空应用动词原形。第二句是when引导的时间状语从句，省略了主语和be动词，do和主语you之间是主动关系，此处应用doing表示主动，故选D。 19．There was a rainstorm yesterday. The flood ________ the old bridge over the small river. A．washed away B．went away C．kept away D．put away 【答案】A 【详解】句意：昨天下了一场暴雨。洪水冲走了小河上的旧桥。 考查动词短语。wash away冲走；go away离开，走开；keep away远离；put away收好，放好。根据主语“The flood”可知桥被冲走了，故选A。 20．She wanted to borrow the book called Red and Black from the library. But she found there was ________ left. She had to wait. A．no one B．none C．nothing D．not anything 【答案】B 【详解】句意：她想从图书馆借一本名为《红与黑》的书。但她发现一本也没有留下。她不得不等待。 考查不定代词。no one没有人；none一个没有，用在一定的范围内替代上下文已出现过的名词；nothing没有什么，前后没有任何范围限制；not anything没有东西，相当于nothing。根据上文“She wanted to borrow the book called Red and Black from the library”，可知一本《红与黑》也没有了，故选B。 二、句型转换：作文句式灵活多变的基础。 21．Joan was playing volleyball at 4:00 yesterday afternoon.(对画线部分提问) Joan at 4:00 yesterday afternoon? 【答案】 What was doing 【详解】句意：昨天下午4点，琼在打排球。划线部分表示做的事情，对此提问用疑问词what，was放在主语前，故填What；was；doing。 22．Timmy was sleeping when the earthquake started.（对画线部分提问） Timmy doing when the earthquake started? 【答案】What was 【详解】句意：地震发生时, 蒂米正在睡觉。画线部分was sleeping表示过去某个时间正在发生进行的动作，应用what来提问，be动词was提到主语前。故填What was。 23．Some birds lost their way because the weather was bad. Some birds lost their way the bad weather. 【答案】 because of 【详解】句意：有些鸟因为天气不好而迷路了。原句为because引导的原因状语从句，根据同义句空后的“the bad weather”可知，此处是名词词组，应该用because of。故填because；of。 24．She is talking to the teacher now. (用at this time yesterday替换now改写句子) She the teacher at this time yesterday. 【答案】 was talking to 【详解】句意：她现在正在跟老师讲话。根据“at this time yesterday”可知用过去进行时，结构为“was/were+现在分词”。主语是“She”，be动词用was。故填was；talking；to。 25．Simon bought a new flat in the city center two years ago. = Simon has a new flat in the city center two years ago. 【答案】 had since 【详解】句意：西蒙两年前在市中心买了一套新公寓。根据“has”可知改写后的句子是现在完成时，时间用“since two years ago”，谓语动词用延续性动词have，has后接其过去分词had。故填had；since。 26．Some birds lost their way because the weather was bad.（改写成同义句） Some birds lost their way the bad weather. 【答案】 because of 【详解】句意：有些鸟因为天气不好而迷路了。because引导原因状语从句，结合“the bad weather”可知，此处是名词性短语，应该用because of。故填because；of。 27．Mr White was reading a book at 9:00 yesterday.(改为反意疑问句) Mr White was reading a book at 9:00 yesterday, ? 【答案】wasn’t he 【详解】句意：怀特先生昨天9点在看书。反意疑问句遵循“前肯后否，前否后肯”的原则。前句是肯定句，附加疑问部分用否定形式。原句是过去进行时，主语是第三人称单数Mr White，男性，助动词是was，因此反意疑问句部分用wasn’t he。故填wasn’t he。 28．clear   the streets  were   from   people   to   trying   the snow . 【答案】People were trying to clear the snow from the streets/From the streets people were trying to clear the snow 【详解】根据所给标点可知应用陈述句的形式，分析所给单词，people作主语，were trying作谓语，to clear the snow from the streets作宾语。from the streets可以提到句首。故答案为：People were trying to clear the snow from the streets/From the streets people were trying to clear the snow“人们正试图清除街道上的积雪”。 29．He, he, a, be, plans, to, when, social, up, worker, grows He . 【答案】plans to be a social worker when he grows up 【详解】根据所给词汇和标点提示可知，句子为when引导的时间状语从句，主句主语为He，句首首字母h需大写，时态为一般现在时，动词用三单形式，plan to do sth表示“计划做某事”，plans为plan的三单形式，不定式to后需接动词原形，be a social worker表示“成为一名社会工作者”，when引导的从句，遵循主现从不限原则，从句时态为一般现在时，主语为he，动词用三单形式，grow up表示“长大”，grows为动词grow的三单形式。故填plans to be a social worker when he grows up“当他长大了，计划成为一名社会工作者”。 30．连词成句 watching TV, arrived, they, was, when, Mike . 【答案】Mike was watching TV when they arrived 【详解】根据标点提示可知，本句是陈述句，分析所给单词，Mike作主语，was watching作谓语，TV作宾语，when引导时间状语从句，they作从句的主语，arrived作从句的谓语。故答案为Mike was watching TV when they arrived“他们到达时迈克正在看电视”。 三、汉译英：根据汉语提示完成句子。 31．当我遇见他们时，他们在等公共汽车。 They       a bus when I met them. 【答案】 were waiting for 【详解】“等待”wait for，结合句意和句子中的“met”可知，这里表示当一个动作发生时，另一个动作正在发生，所以是过去进行时。故填were；waiting；for。 32．随着他们的长大，我们的房子看起来变得更小了。 they get , our house seems smaller. 【答案】 As bigger to get 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处“...they get...”缺少“随着（他们）长大”，其英文表达为as...bigger；而此处“our house seems...smaller”表示房子看起来变得更小，可用seem to do...“看起来好像”，表示变得更小，用get smaller，所以此时动词get要加to。故填As；bigger；to；get。 33．当我到家的时候，妈妈正在打扫房间。 My mother the room I arrived home. 【答案】 was cleaning when 【详解】分析句意可知题干可知，此处应该是含有when的过去进行时，主句用过去进行时：was/were doing。主语是单数，be动词用was；clean“打扫”。故填was；cleaning；when。 34．本的爸爸正在把木板盖在窗户上，同时他妈妈在确认手电筒和收音机都能正常使用。 Ben’s dad pieces of wood over the windows his mom the flashlights and radio were working. 【答案】 was putting while was making sure 【详解】根据最后“were working”可知，是过去进行时，所以本句限定时态为过去范围。根据语境“...正在把木板盖在窗户上...”可知，“put”译为“放上，盖上”，“正在盖上”为过去进行时was/were doing，主语是“Ben’s dad”译为“本的爸爸”，单数，所以为“was putting”。“同时，正在”译为“while”，前后连接句子，“确认”译为“make sure”，主语“他妈妈”为第三人称单数，前后时态一致，为过去进行时，所以是“was making sure”。故填was；putting；while；was；making；sure。 35．上周汤姆从树上掉了下来，摔伤了腿。 Tom a tree and his leg last week. 【答案】 fell from/fell down from/fell off hurt 【详解】fall (down) from/fall off“从……掉下来”，动词短语；hurt“受伤”，动词。根据“last week”可知，时态为一般过去时，动词要用过去式，fall的过去式为fell，hurt的过去式为hurt。故填fell (down) from/fell off；hurt。 36．昨晚，闪电击中了一幢房子，结果房子着火了。 Last night, lightning a house. As a result, the house . 【答案】 hit caught fire 【详解】由句意知第一空表示“击中”，hit“击中”，动词，由时间状语“Last night”可知，此处用一般过去时，填hit；第二空表示“着火”，用catch fire，此处用一般过去时，填caught fire。故填hit；caught fire。 37．幸运的是，所有的学生都在墙倒塌之前跑出了教室。 Luckily, all the students the classroom before the walls ． 【答案】 ran out of came down 【详解】run out of“跑出”，come down“倒塌”，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填ran out of；came down。 38．电视剧《人民的名义》自三月份开播以来受到数百万人的欢迎。 The TV series In the name of people has become popular among of people it was shown in March. 【答案】 millions since 【详解】数百万：millions of，是固定短语；自从：since，引导时间状语从句。故填millions；since。 39．我放学到家时，爸爸正在看报纸。 Dad was reading a newspaper I home from school. 【答案】 when got 【详解】get home“到家”，when引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时，主句用过去进行时，故此处为(1). when (2). got。 40．我今天上午实在太累了，以至于在上语文课时睡着了。 This morning I was that I in the Chinese class. 【答案】 so tired fell asleep 【详解】首先根据时间状语this morning，判断句中的时态用一般过去时；通过中英文句子对照，可知英文句子中缺少“太累了”和“睡着了”的表达。根据题干可知本句所用句式为：so…that…，意思是“如此…以至于…”；tired“累了”形容词；“睡着了”fall asleep，fall的过去式为fell；故答案填(1). so tired (2). fell asleep。 41．由于这糟糕的天气，我们没有去看望那个村庄的孩子。 the terrible weather, we didn’t visit the children in that village. 【答案】 Because of 【详解】由中英文对照分析可知，because of表示“因为，由于”，后接短语或单词，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Because；of。 42．电脑刚刚出故障了。我需要请人修理一下。 The computer just now. I need to have it repaired. 【答案】 broke down 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，英文句子缺少“出故障”，英文表达是break down，动词短语，结合“just now”可知，时态是一般过去时，动词break要变成过去式broke。故填broke；down。 43．为了让自己尽快冷静下来，约翰深深地吸了几口气 as soon as possible, John took a few deep breaths. 【答案】In order to make himself calm down/To make himself calm down/In order to calm himself down/To calm himself down 【详解】根据汉语提示及对句子结构的分析可知，设空处的内容为句子的目的状语，目的状语可用动词不定式或短语in order to do sth.来表达。as soon as possible“尽快”；make sb. do sth.“让某人做某事”；calm sb. down“让某人冷静下来”。故填In order to make himself calm down/To make himself calm down/In order to calm himself down/To calm himself down。 44．前天我爸爸的汽车在路上抛锚了。 My father’s car on the road the day before yesterday. 【答案】broke down 【详解】抛锚：break down；根据“yesterday”可知句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填broke down。 45．见到母亲后不久，那个小女孩就停止了哭泣。 The little girl her mother. 【答案】stopped crying soon after seeing 【详解】停止做某事：stop doing sth；哭泣：cry；看见……之后不久：soon after seeing...。句子时态是一般过去时，动词stop应用过去式stopped。故填stopped crying soon after seeing。 四、单词拼写：根据汉语提示和句意完成句子。 46．The shy girl felt (紧张) when she saw the strange people. 【答案】nervous 【详解】句意：这个害羞的女孩看到陌生的人时感到很紧张。根据语境和汉语提示可知，连系动词felt后需填形容词，作表语，形容词nervous“紧张的”符合语境。故填nervous。 47．What about (摇动) the bottle with one hand? 【答案】shaking 【详解】句意：用一只手摇动瓶子呢？根据括号中文提示，动词shake表示“摇动”，what about后接动名词。故填shaking。 48．This math problem is very hard. I （害怕）I can’t work it out. 【答案】fear 【详解】句意：这道数学题很难。我担心我做不出来。fear“害怕”，是动词，此处是一般现在时，主语是I，动词用原形。故填fear。 49．Do you know the boy who is （敲打）the drums? 【答案】beating 【详解】句意：你认识那个打鼓的男孩吗？beat“敲打”，是动词，根据is结合语境可知，此句是现在进行时，动词用现在分词。故填beating。 50． (既然) you have so much free time, why not try to study hard? 【答案】Since 【详解】句意：既然你有这么多空闲时间，为什么不试着努力学习呢？根据中文提示可知，此处考查从属连词since“既然”，引导原因状语从句，且放开头首字母大写。故填Since。 51．Lucy is reading a novel (当……的时候) Lily is playing tennis. 【答案】while 【详解】句意：当莉莉在打网球的时候，露西在看小说。根据“Lucy is reading a novel…(当……的时候) Lily is playing tennis”可知，此处表示一个动作正在进行的时候另一个动作也正在进行，用连词while，表示“当……的时候”。故填while。 52．Because of the terrible (灾难), the boy lost his life. 【答案】disaster 【详解】句意：由于这场可怕的灾难，男孩失去了生命。根据所给中文提示，可拼写出单词disaster，根据句中“the”提示，此处表特指，故disaster应用单数形式。故填disaster。 53．Look! The people there are working hard to (清除) the snow. 【答案】clear 【详解】句意：看！那里的人们正在努力扫雪。clear“清除”，动词不定式符号to后接动词原形，故填clear。 54．People in that town had to leave their homes after the (洪水) because the whole town was in water. 【答案】flood 【详解】句意：洪水过后，那个镇上的人不得不离开他们的家，因为整个镇都在水里。flood“洪水”，名词，此处是特指这次的洪水，用单数，故填flood。 55．There was an (事故) just now, and some people died. 【答案】accident 【详解】句意：刚才发生了一起事故，一些人死了。根据汉语可知，应填accident“事故”；空前有不定冠词“an”，故此处要用名词单数。故填accident。 56．When you are in danger, please try to （使平静）down. 【答案】calm 【详解】句意：当你处于危险中时，请努力平静下来。“使平静”是动词短语calm down，try to do sth表示“努力做某事”，因此此处为动词原形calm。故填calm。 57．Our geography teacher asked, “Which comes first, (闪电) or thunder?” 【答案】lightning 【详解】句意：我们的地理老师问：“闪电和雷声，哪一个先来？”。根据“or thunder”可知用名词形成并列结构，表达“闪电”用名词“lightning”。故填lightning。 58．There are lots of people in this (村庄). 【答案】village 【详解】句意：在这个村庄里有很多人。village“村庄”，是一个名词，空前是指示代词this，由此可知应填单数。故填village。 59．Can you tell us which (方向) we can go in? 【答案】direction 【详解】句意：你能告诉我们可以往哪个方向走吗？方向“direction”，句中“which”意为“哪个”，其后应跟名词单数形式，故填direction。 60．Don’t be (紧张的）. It’s an easy question. 【答案】nervous 【详解】句意：别紧张。这是个简单的问题。根据“It’s an easy question.”可知，此处是不要紧张，Don’t be+形容词，nervous是形容词，紧张的，故填nervous。 61．He is the strong and （沉默的）type. 【答案】silent 【详解】句意：他是那种坚强沉默的人。空格处修饰名词type应用形容词，silent沉默的，不爱说话的，形容词；故填silent。 62．Some people were (围困)in the burning house． 【答案】trapped 【详解】句意：一些人被困在着火的房子里。根据句意，主语“Some people”是动作的承受着，故句子应用被动语态；由were的提示可知，句子应用一般过去时的被动语态，构成形式为was/were done；“围困”英文表达为trap，过去分词是trapped。故填trapped。 63．Look! Those children are (清理)the snow from the roads. 【答案】clearing 【详解】句意：看！那些孩子在清理道路上的雪。根据单词的意思可知，这里考查clear，是一个动词。由句中的“Look”可知，这里说的是正在进行的动作，应用现在进行时，填现在分词形式。故填clearing。 64．It is very terrible to have a (牙痛)． 【答案】toothache 【详解】句意：牙痛是很可怕的。toothache“牙痛”，名词；have a toothache“患牙痛”。故填toothache。 65．Mother was (拖) the floor when I got home. 【答案】mopping 【详解】句意：我到家时妈妈正在拖地。空格处缺动词的ing形式和“was”一起构成过去进行时态；根据给出中文提示可知，动词“mop 拖”符合句意，其ing形式为mopping，故填mopping。 五、用所给词的适当形式填空。 66．When he was five years old, he (can) perform ballet. 【答案】could 【详解】句意：当他5岁时，他就能跳芭蕾。根据“When he was five years old”可知，when引导的时间状语从句是一般过去时，故主句也是一般过去时，情态动词can要用过去式。故填could。 67．Today (near) every family in our country has a TV set. 【答案】nearly 【详解】句意：如今我们国家几乎每个家庭都有一台电视机。根据“Today...every family in our country has a TV set.”及所给提示词可判断句子表达是如今我们国家几乎每个家庭都有一台电视机。此处使用nearly，表示几乎，将近，副词修饰形容词every，作状语。故填nearly。 68．My friend waved to me while I (walk) along the street. 【答案】was walking 【详解】句意：我在街上散步时，我的朋友向我挥手。 while用在进行时态的句子中，根据主句My friend waved to me的时态可以判断，while引导的时间状语从句的时态为过去进行时，故答案为was walking。 69．When Tom grows up, he (go) abroad. 【答案】will go 【详解】句意：当Tom长大时，他要出国。根据前面的“When Tom grows up”可知，主句时态应该用一般将来时，一般将来时构成：主语+will+动词原形，go abroad“出国”，故填will go。 70．While I was sending an e-mail, I (hear) a loud noise. 【答案】heard 【详解】句意：当我发送邮件的时候，我听到一个很大的噪音。while引导的时间状语从句，主句动作和从句动作同时发生，因此从句也用一般过去时。hear过去式为heard。故填heard。 71．—Why didn’t you say anything? — Sorry, I (reply) to my boss’s message. 【答案】was replying 【详解】句意：——你为什么一言不发？——对不起，我当时正在回复老板的信息。reply回复，动词。由问句“Why didn’t you say anything”可知，这里说的是过去发生的事情；结合语境，这里表示当时正在做某事，应用过去进行时was/were doing结构。主语I是第一人称，be动词用was。故填was replying。 72．You’d better read the (direct) of the machine before you use it. 【答案】directions 【详解】句意：在使用这台机器之前，你最好阅读一下它的用法说明。通过分析句子可知，定冠词“the”和介词“of”之间需用名词，“direct”的名词形式是“direction”，意为“用法说明”，且机器的用法说明通常不只一点，故需用名词复数形式，故填directions。 73．The heavy snow had my father (trap) at the railway station last Sunday. 【答案】trapped 【详解】句意：上周日，大雪把我爸爸困在了火车站。have sb./sth done意为“让某人被……”，过去分词作宾补，表示宾语与过去分词表示的动作之间是被动关系，所以可知“have my father trapped”是指爸爸被困住的意思。故填trapped。 74．Mum (not cook) in the kitchen when I got up this morning. 【答案】wasn’t cooking 【详解】句意：今天早上我起床时，妈妈没有在厨房做饭。根据“when I got up this morning”和语境可知，此处指过去“我”起床的时候妈妈没有在做饭，应用过去进行时，主语“Mum”为第三人称单数，结构用was doing，变成否定句需要在was后加not，缩写为wasn’t。故填wasn’t cooking。 75．Suddenly, I heard a girl (scream) for help. 【答案】screaming 【详解】句意：突然，我听到一个女孩尖叫着求救。根据“Suddenly, I heard a girl…for help”可知，突然听到一个女孩正在求救，hear sb doing sth“听到某人正在做某事”，现在分词作宾补，故填screaming。 76．While mother (clean) the room, the door bell (ring). 【答案】 was cleaning rang 【详解】句意：当妈妈正在打扫房间时，门铃响了。while引导的时间状语从句，主句是瞬间性动词，需用一般过去时，从句需用过去进行时。clean“打扫”，主语是“mother”，谓语部分用was cleaning；ring“铃响”，其过去式为rang。故填was cleaning；rang。 77．I (cook) when Tom (come) in. 【答案】 was cooking came 【详解】句意：汤姆进来时我正在做饭。本句是when引导的时间状语从句，表示“Tom进来的那一刻我正在做饭”，come是短暂性动词，因此从句用一般过去时came；主句用过去进行时was/were doing，主语是I，be用was。故填was cooking；came。 78．Tom (get) off the bus as it (stop). 【答案】 got stopped 【详解】句意：汤姆在公交车停下时下了车。根据题干语境提示可知，两个谓语动词的动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时。get的过去式是got，stop的过去式是stopped。故填got；stopped。 79．We all wonder why his new car (break) down on his way to work. 【答案】broke 【详解】句意：我们都想知道为什么他的新车在上班路上坏了。根据“(break) down on his way to work.”可知，新车坏了是发生在过去，应用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填broke。 80．—Why didn’t you answer my phone last night? —Oh, I (listen) to music and didn’t hear the ring. 【答案】was listening 【详解】句意：——你昨晚为什么不接我的电话？——哦，我正在听音乐，没有听到铃声。根据题意可知，描述的是过去某个时间点正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时，即“was/were + 现在分词”。主语是“I”，因此助动词用“was”。故填was listening。 六、单词拼写：根据首字母提示和句意填空。 81．My dad’s car b down because of the cold weather yesterday. 【答案】(b)roke 【详解】句意：昨天因为天气太冷，我爸爸的车坏了。根据“My dad’s car b...down ”可知此处是固定短语break down“发生故障”，根据“yesterday”可知句子是一般过去时，故填(b)roke。 82．Spain b Argentina (阿根廷) and got the first place in FIBA Basketball World Cup. 【答案】(b)eat 【详解】句意：西班牙击败阿根廷，获得世界篮球锦标赛第一名。根据“got the first place in FIBA Basketball World Cup.”可知，此处指“打败了对手”；beat“打败”，and连接并列成分，时态一致，可知填过去式beat。故填(b)eat。 83．When we arrived, the leader s our hands with a smile on his face. 【答案】(s)hook 【详解】句意：当我们到达时，领导面带微笑地握住我们的手。根据“When we arrived”和首字母可知应是握住我们的手，shake hands“握手”，而由“arrived”可知应用一般过去时，故填(s)hook。 84．Before the important exam, he was too n to fall asleep. 【答案】(n)ervous 【详解】句意：在重要的考试之前，他紧张得无法入睡。根据“Before the important exam”可知在重要考试之前太紧张，nervous“紧张的”，形容词作表语。故填(n)ervous。 85．S I worked until really late last night, I didn’t get enough sleep. 【答案】(S)ince 【详解】句意：因为我昨晚工作到很晚，所以我没睡够。根据“I didn’t get enough sleep.”可知，前文解释了原因，since“因为”符合题意。故填(S)ince。 86．After the snowstorm, the workers were busy c the snow from the roads. 【答案】(c)learing 【详解】句意：暴风雪过后，工人们忙于清理道路上的积雪。根据“After the snowstorm...the snow from the roads”及首字母可知，此处指暴风雪过后，清理道路上的雪，clear意为“清理”，be busy doing sth“忙于做某事”。故填(c)learing。 87．Although the match is moving in an unexpected d , I believe our team will win finally. 【答案】(d)irection 【详解】句意：虽然比赛朝着意想不到的方向发展，但我相信我们队最终会赢。根据“moving in an unexpected...”和首字母d可知，此处指比赛朝着意想不到的方向发展，an后接单数名词direction“方向”。故填(d)irection。 88．We were d math problems with group members when the teacher came in. 【答案】(d)iscussing 【详解】句意：当老师进来时，我们正在和小组成员讨论数学难题。根据“when the teacher came in”可知该句是过去进行时，句中缺少动词的现在分词；根据首字母提示，discussing讨论，符合句意及 结构，故填(d)iscussing。 89．The Chinese usually s hands when they meet for the first time. 【答案】(s)hake 【详解】句意：当中国人第一次见面时，他们通常会握手。根据“when they meet for the first time”可知，中国人见面会握手。shake hands“握手”，为固定短语。句子是一般现在时，主语是Chinese，动词用原形。故填(s)hake。 90．I don’t think that mums should do all the h . Everyone in the family should share. 【答案】(h)ousework 【详解】句意：我不认为妈妈应该做所有的家务活。家里的每个人应该分享家务。根据后文“Everyone in the family should share.”可知，每个家庭成员都应该分享，前文说不能妈妈们做全部的，结合首字母h，可知是“家务活”housework。故填(h)ousework。 七、选词填空 从方框中选择恰当的词或短语并用其适当的形式填空，每个词或短语只能用一次。 tour  sleep  happy  near  lead to  it  weigh  human  live  break down 91．I went to bed very late last night, so I felt in class and couldn’t keep my eyes open. 92．The actors in the film are famous. However, the story is boring. 93．The man’s car so he had to stop and call for help. 94．We all know that a poor diet will illness. 95．Do you know that dogs also have feelings of and sadness? 96．—Long time no see. You look heavier than before. —Yes. I put on a lot of after I give up smoking. 97．He was very lucky to stay after the car accident last night. 98．The glass on my table is empty, will you fill it with some milk? 99．Dogs can hear much better than . 100．Many from the south went to Harbin to enjoy the winter there. They had great fun. 【答案】 91．sleepy 92．itself 93．broke down 94．lead to 95．happiness 96．weight 97．alive 98．nearly 99．humans 100．tourists 【解析】91．句意：昨晚我睡得很晚，所以在课堂上感到困倦，无法睁开眼睛。根据“I went to bed very late last night, so I felt…in class and couldn’t keep my eyes open.”及备选词可知，此处是指他熬夜所以在课堂上打瞌睡，形容词sleepy“困倦的”符合语境。故填sleepy。 92．句意：电影中的演员很有名。然而，故事本身很无聊。根据“However, the story…is boring.”及备选词可知，此处是指故事本身，反身代词itself“本身”符合语境。故填itself。 93．句意：那个人的车坏了，所以他不得不停下来求助。根据“The man’s car…so he had to stop and call for help.”及备选词可知，此处是指车坏了，时态为一般过去时，动词短语broke down“坏了”符合语境。故填broke down。 94．句意：我们都知道不良饮食会导致疾病。根据“We all know that a poor diet will…illness.”及备选词可知，不良饮食会导致疾病，位于will后用动词原形，动词短语lead to“导致”符合语境。故填lead to。 95．句意：你知道狗也有快乐和悲伤的感觉吗？根据“…and sadness?”及备选词可知，此处应用名词和sadness作为并列结构，名词happiness“快乐”符合语境。故填happiness。 96．句意：——好久不见。你看起来比以前重了。——是的。我戒烟后体重增加了很多。根据“I put on a lot of…after I give up smoking.”及备选词可知，此处是指体重增加了，名词weight“体重”符合语境。故填weight。 97．句意：他昨晚在车祸中幸存下来，真是幸运。根据“He was very lucky to stay…after the car accident last night.”及备选词可知，此处是指幸存下来，固定短语stay alive，形容词alive“活着的”符合语境。故填alive。 98．句意：我桌上的玻璃杯快空了，你能倒些牛奶吗？根据“The glass on my table is…empty,”及备选词可知，此处是指快空了，副词nearly“几乎”符合语境。故填nearly。 99．句意：狗的听力比人类好得多。根据“Dogs can hear much better than….”及备选词可知，此处应用名词复数形式表示泛指，humans“人类”符合语境。故填humans。 100．句意：许多来自南方的游客去哈尔滨享受那里的冬天。他们玩得很开心。根据“Many…from the south went to Harbin”及备选词可知，此处是指游客们，应用名词复数形式tourists“游客”表示。故填tourists。 试卷第2页，共3页 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 8 Natural disasters重难单词短语句型与核心语法 强化练100道 参考答案 1．A 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．A 6．A 7．A 8．B 9．A 10．D 11．C 12．A 13．C 14．C 15．A 16．C 17．C 18．D 19．A 20．B 21． What was doing 22．What was 23． because of 24． was talking to 25． had since 26． because of 27．wasn’t he 28．People were trying to clear the snow from the streets/From the streets people were trying to clear the snow 29．plans to be a social worker when he grows up 30．Mike was watching TV when they arrived 31． were waiting for 32． As bigger to get 33． was cleaning when 34． was putting while was making sure 35． fell from/fell down from/fell off hurt 36． hit caught fire 37． ran out of came down 38． millions since 39． when got 40． so tired fell asleep 41． Because of 42． broke down 43．In order to make himself calm down/To make himself calm down/In order to calm himself down/To calm himself down 44．broke down 45．stopped crying soon after seeing 46．nervous 47．shaking 48．fear 49．beating 50．Since 51．while 52．disaster 53．clear 54．flood 55．accident 56．calm 57．lightning 58．village 59．direction 60．nervous 61．silent 62．trapped 63．clearing 64．toothache 65．mopping 66．could 67．nearly 68．was walking 69．will go 70．heard 71．was replying 72．directions 73．trapped 74．wasn’t cooking 75．screaming 76． was cleaning rang 77． was cooking came 78． got stopped 79．broke 80．was listening 81．(b)roke 82．(b)eat 83．(s)hook 84．(n)ervous 85．(S)ince 86．(c)learing 87．(d)irection 88．(d)iscussing 89．(s)hake 90．(h)ousework 91．sleepy 92．itself 93．broke down 94．lead to 95．happiness 96．weight 97．alive 98．nearly 99．humans 100．tourists 答案第2页，共3页 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 8 Natural disasters 重难单词短语句型与核心语法强化练100道 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 考点目录 一、重难单项选择精选：句意优先，多背特殊与近义辨析。 1 二、句型转换：作文句式灵活多变的基础。 3 三、汉译英：根据汉语提示完成句子。 3 四、单词拼写：根据汉语提示和句意完成句子。 4 五、用所给词的适当形式填空。 5 六、单词拼写：根据首字母提示和句意填空。 6 七、选词填空 6 一、重难单项选择精选：句意优先，多背特殊与近义辨析。 1．Do you know ________ to do it? A．how B．what C．which D．if 2．Sun Yang _________ the other swimmers and ________ the gold medal in the 400-meter freestyle. A．beat; won B．won; beat C．won; beats D．wins; beat 3．—Is Tom at school today? —No, he’s at home ________ he has a bad cold. A．if B．until C．because D．because of 4．Thousands of people died ________ the earthquake. A．because B．because of C．such as D．although 5．Keep ________. The baby falls asleep. A．silent B．noisy C．noise D．silence 6．Can you help me to cheer ________ the sad girl in other ways? A．up B．down C．with D．on 7．Sun Hai ________ his mother make dinner when his father got home from work. A．was helping B．helps C．helped D．is helping 8．Brian was sleeping ________ his mother was telling a story. A．until B．while C．before D．after 9．—What do you want _______ in the future, a doctor or a teacher? —A teacher. _______ to be a doctor seems like a great job, I like to be a teacher better. A．to be; Although B．to do; Since C．to do; Although D．to be; Since 10．Mary must be ill at home _______ she didn’t come to school today. A．when B．because of C．but D．because 11．_______ the weather is so bad, I decide to stay at home and watch TV. A．And B．Until C．Since D．Unless 12．His music is full of power and strength. It can be sad or joyful, loud or soft. But people say it is not the music ________ that makes his playing so particular. A．alone B．lonely C．alive D．available 13．Water was poured ________ the sink and vanished ________ the drain. A．in, out B．into, up C．into, down D．on, down 14．—Little Jack is picking apples in the tree. —Let’s ask him to ________ and play basketball with us. A．come out B．come on C．come down D．come back 15．Wang Chuqin didn’t lose heart ________ his rackets were broken. ________, he tried to cheer up in the next game. A．when; Instead B．if; Instead C．though; Once D．because; Once 16．—Some people try their best to save birds ________ others even kill them for food! —Hope more people will learn to care about birds. A．but B．if C．while D．because 17．My car ________ on the way to my school, so I took a bus there at last. A．fell down B．put down C．broke down D．calmed down 18．You’d better _________ to music when _________ your homework. A．not to listen; doing B．not to listen; to do C．not listen; to do D．not listen; doing 19．There was a rainstorm yesterday. The flood ________ the old bridge over the small river. A．washed away B．went away C．kept away D．put away 20．She wanted to borrow the book called Red and Black from the library. But she found there was ________ left. She had to wait. A．no one B．none C．nothing D．not anything 二、句型转换：作文句式灵活多变的基础。 21．Joan was playing volleyball at 4:00 yesterday afternoon.(对画线部分提问) Joan at 4:00 yesterday afternoon? 22．Timmy was sleeping when the earthquake started.（对画线部分提问） Timmy doing when the earthquake started? 23．Some birds lost their way because the weather was bad. Some birds lost their way the bad weather. 24．She is talking to the teacher now. (用at this time yesterday替换now改写句子) She the teacher at this time yesterday. 25．Simon bought a new flat in the city center two years ago. = Simon has a new flat in the city center two years ago. 26．Some birds lost their way because the weather was bad.（改写成同义句） Some birds lost their way the bad weather. 27．Mr White was reading a book at 9:00 yesterday.(改为反意疑问句) Mr White was reading a book at 9:00 yesterday, ? 28．clear   the streets  were   from   people   to   trying   the snow . 29．He, he, a, be, plans, to, when, social, up, worker, grows He . 30．连词成句 watching TV, arrived, they, was, when, Mike . 三、汉译英：根据汉语提示完成句子。 31．当我遇见他们时，他们在等公共汽车。 They       a bus when I met them. 32．随着他们的长大，我们的房子看起来变得更小了。 they get , our house seems smaller. 33．当我到家的时候，妈妈正在打扫房间。 My mother the room I arrived home. 34．本的爸爸正在把木板盖在窗户上，同时他妈妈在确认手电筒和收音机都能正常使用。 Ben’s dad pieces of wood over the windows his mom the flashlights and radio were working. 35．上周汤姆从树上掉了下来，摔伤了腿。 Tom a tree and his leg last week. 36．昨晚，闪电击中了一幢房子，结果房子着火了。 Last night, lightning a house. As a result, the house . 37．幸运的是，所有的学生都在墙倒塌之前跑出了教室。 Luckily, all the students the classroom before the walls ． 38．电视剧《人民的名义》自三月份开播以来受到数百万人的欢迎。 The TV series In the name of people has become popular among of people it was shown in March. 39．我放学到家时，爸爸正在看报纸。 Dad was reading a newspaper I home from school. 40．我今天上午实在太累了，以至于在上语文课时睡着了。 This morning I was that I in the Chinese class. 41．由于这糟糕的天气，我们没有去看望那个村庄的孩子。 the terrible weather, we didn’t visit the children in that village. 42．电脑刚刚出故障了。我需要请人修理一下。 The computer just now. I need to have it repaired. 43．为了让自己尽快冷静下来，约翰深深地吸了几口气 as soon as possible, John took a few deep breaths. 44．前天我爸爸的汽车在路上抛锚了。 My father’s car on the road the day before yesterday. 45．见到母亲后不久，那个小女孩就停止了哭泣。 The little girl her mother. 四、单词拼写：根据汉语提示和句意完成句子。 46．The shy girl felt (紧张) when she saw the strange people. 47．What about (摇动) the bottle with one hand? 48．This math problem is very hard. I （害怕）I can’t work it out. 49．Do you know the boy who is （敲打）the drums? 50． (既然) you have so much free time, why not try to study hard? 51．Lucy is reading a novel (当……的时候) Lily is playing tennis. 52．Because of the terrible (灾难), the boy lost his life. 53．Look! The people there are working hard to (清除) the snow. 54．People in that town had to leave their homes after the (洪水) because the whole town was in water. 55．There was an (事故) just now, and some people died. 56．When you are in danger, please try to （使平静）down. 57．Our geography teacher asked, “Which comes first, (闪电) or thunder?” 58．There are lots of people in this (村庄). 59．Can you tell us which (方向) we can go in? 60．Don’t be (紧张的）. It’s an easy question. 61．He is the strong and （沉默的）type. 62．Some people were (围困)in the burning house． 63．Look! Those children are (清理)the snow from the roads. 64．It is very terrible to have a (牙痛)． 65．Mother was (拖) the floor when I got home. 五、用所给词的适当形式填空。 66．When he was five years old, he (can) perform ballet. 67．Today (near) every family in our country has a TV set. 68．My friend waved to me while I (walk) along the street. 69．When Tom grows up, he (go) abroad. 70．While I was sending an e-mail, I (hear) a loud noise. 71．—Why didn’t you say anything? — Sorry, I (reply) to my boss’s message. 72．You’d better read the (direct) of the machine before you use it. 73．The heavy snow had my father (trap) at the railway station last Sunday. 74．Mum (not cook) in the kitchen when I got up this morning. 75．Suddenly, I heard a girl (scream) for help. 76．While mother (clean) the room, the door bell (ring). 77．I (cook) when Tom (come) in. 78．Tom (get) off the bus as it (stop). 79．We all wonder why his new car (break) down on his way to work. 80．—Why didn’t you answer my phone last night? —Oh, I (listen) to music and didn’t hear the ring. 六、单词拼写：根据首字母提示和句意填空。 81．My dad’s car b down because of the cold weather yesterday. 82．Spain b Argentina (阿根廷) and got the first place in FIBA Basketball World Cup. 83．When we arrived, the leader s our hands with a smile on his face. 84．Before the important exam, he was too n to fall asleep. 85．S I worked until really late last night, I didn’t get enough sleep. 86．After the snowstorm, the workers were busy c the snow from the roads. 87．Although the match is moving in an unexpected d , I believe our team will win finally. 88．We were d math problems with group members when the teacher came in. 89．The Chinese usually s hands when they meet for the first time. 90．I don’t think that mums should do all the h . Everyone in the family should share. 七、选词填空 从方框中选择恰当的词或短语并用其适当的形式填空，每个词或短语只能用一次。 tour  sleep  happy  near  lead to  it  weigh  human  live  break down 91．I went to bed very late last night, so I felt in class and couldn’t keep my eyes open. 92．The actors in the film are famous. However, the story is boring. 93．The man’s car so he had to stop and call for help. 94．We all know that a poor diet will illness. 95．Do you know that dogs also have feelings of and sadness? 96．—Long time no see. You look heavier than before. —Yes. I put on a lot of after I give up smoking. 97．He was very lucky to stay after the car accident last night. 98．The glass on my table is empty, will you fill it with some milk? 99．Dogs can hear much better than . 100．Many from the south went to Harbin to enjoy the winter there. They had great fun. 试卷第2页，共3页 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$