精品解析：广东省汕头市潮阳一中明光学校2024-2025学年高三上学期11月月考英语试题

潮阳一中明光学校2024-2025学年度第一学期第三阶段考试 高三英语试卷 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Four Wonderful Hotels in Spain Hotel Villa Favorita It is a beautiful 19th-century building, the last of its kind on La Concha Beach in San Sebastián, Spain, now doing business as an amazing luxury (豪华) hotel. Some rooms look out over the city, while others face directly oút to sea. The hotel’s restaurant, Amelia, was owned by a famous cook who would bring the tastes of his native Argentina to Spain’s Atlantic coast. Hotel Zinema 7 Hotel Zinema 7 is a hotel that’s all about the love of movies. It’s designed (设计) with the art of cinema in mind. The large film-star images in the guest rooms are the most outstanding example. You’ll really admire how well the whole idea has been put together. Looking back, it makes total sense because the hotel is actually inside an old, famous movie theater called the Astoria Cinema. The change into a hotel was pretty cool. Nobu Hotel San Sebastián This hotel is housed in a Belle Epoque-style building, the inside decorated (装饰) with a mix of modern Japanese design and local touches. All 17 guest rooms offer views of La Concha Bay. The rooms use soft colors and simple designs creating a sense of calm. You can enjoy a drink or a meal at Nobu Terrace, which overlooks La Concha Bay. The Nobu Restaurant features Japanese tastes by its cook Nobu Matsuhisa. Hotel Arima & Spa This hotel in San Sebastián is a fine example of forward-looking hotel design, combined with an eco-friendly, nature-first way that makes for a peaceful experience. The location places it at some distance from the beaches and the town center, but what you gain is more close meet with the Marimon forest. The rooms feel warm and natural, and most of them look out at green scenery. 1. What do we know about Hotel Villa Favorita? A. It was set up by a cook. B. It is designed in Japanese style. C. You can have Argentinian-style food there. D. You can see views of the city in any of its rooms. 2. Which hotel will most probably attract a movie lover? A. Hotel Villa Favorita. B. Hotel Zinema7. C. Nobu Hotel San Sebastián. D. Hotel Arima & Spa. 3. What is the idea behind the design of Hotel Arimn & Spa? A. Meeting world- famous stars. B. Offering special dining experience. C. Caring about the environment. D. Experiencing cultural differences. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。本文介绍了西班牙的四家精彩酒店。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“The hotel’s restaurant, Amelia, was owned by a famous cook who would bring the tastes of his native Argentina to Spain’s Atlantic coast.(酒店的阿米莉亚餐厅的老板是一位著名的厨师，他将他的祖国阿根廷的味道带到西班牙的大西洋海岸)”可知，这家酒店的餐厅是阿根廷风味的，所以可以在这里吃到阿根廷风格的食物，故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Hotel Zinema 7部分中“Hotel Zinema 7 is a hotel that’s all about the love of movies.(Hotel Zinema 7是一家充满对电影热爱的酒店)”可知，Hotel Zinema 7最有可能吸引电影爱好者，故选B。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“This hotel in San Sebastián is a fine example of forward-looking hotel design, combined with an eco-friendly, nature-first way that makes for a peaceful experience.(这家位于圣Sebastián的酒店是前瞻性酒店设计的一个很好的例子，结合了生态友好，自然优先的方式，创造了一个和平的体验)”可知，Hotel Arima & Spa的设计理念是环保的、以自然为先的，即关心环境的，故选C。 B Using hypodermic needles to deliver drugs has been common for more than a century. The past hundred years have seen all manner of medical advances, yet the needle has stayed mostly unchanged. Although now available in a variety of different sizes, it remains a hollow (中空的), pointy tube. With luck, that may soon change. Researchers around the world are looking for ways to ease the passage of needles into the skin. Many have been inspired by nature. An obvious source of ideas has been mosquitoes, which manage to take their blood meals almost painlessly. One reason is that the insects release anaesthetic (麻醉的)chemicals when they first puncture(刺穿)the skin. But another has to do with the shape and action of their mouthparts. The point of a mosquito’s mouthparts is serrated (锯齿状的)and softer at its tip. The insect stretches the skin of its target before biting, and shakes its mouthparts quickly as it pushes it in. All of this helps to reduce the force needed to puncture the skin. One paper, published in 2020 by a group of researchers in America and China, found that a mosquito-inspired needle required 27% less force than an ordinary one. And less puncture force means less pain. Mosquito-inspired needles might also be useful for delicate procedures such as biopsies (活组织检查). A paper from the University of Michigan, also published in 2020, found that the lower puncture force led to less movement of the sampling area, ensuring that the needles were guided accurately to the area, rather than missing the target. For now, such devices remain restricted to labs. But there is a big market for better needles. According to the World Health Organization, around 16bn injections were given in 2018. With one person in four saying they suffer from trypanophobia, or a fear of needles, the savings on stickers and sweets for the brave souls who roll up their sleeves would be considerable. 4. Which contributes to mosquitoes’ getting blood without causing pain? A. The sound they make before biting. B. The special shape of their mouthparts. C. The high speed of their action. D. The small size of their mouthparts. 5. What can we learn about the mosquito-inspired needles from the text? A. They have been put on the market. B. They required more puncture force than the ordinary ones. C. It’s easier for them to get through the skin. D. The lower puncture force may cause them to miss the target. 6. What is the author’s attitude towards the mosquito-inspired needles? A. Unclear. B. Tolerant. C. Doubtful. D. Positive. 7. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A. The painless needles inspired by nature. B. The application of the mosquito-inspired needles. C. The latest medical advances made by researchers. D. Mosquitoes’ unique way to take the blood painlessly. 【答案】4. B 5. C 6. D 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了如何从自然界中汲取灵感，尤其是蚊子的口器结构，来创新设计更加人性化、减少患者痛苦的医疗工具。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“One reason is that the insects release anaesthetic(麻醉的)chemicals when they first puncture(刺穿)the skin. But another has to do with the shape and action of their mouthparts. (一个原因是昆虫在第一次刺穿皮肤时会释放麻醉化学物质，但另一个与它们口器的形状和动作有关。)”可知，蚊子在叮咬时几乎不引起疼痛的原因之一是它们在穿透皮肤时释放麻醉化学物质，但另一个原因与它们口器的形状有关，故选B项。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“One paper, published in 2020 by a group of researchers in America and China, found that a mosquito-inspired needle required 27% less force than an ordinary one. (2020 年，美国和中国的一组研究人员发表的一篇论文发现，受蚊子启发的针头比普通针头需要的力少27%。)”可知，受蚊子启发的针头比普通针头需要少27%的穿透力，这意味着它们更容易穿过皮肤，故选C项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“With one person in four saying they suffer from trypanophobia, or a fear of needles, the savings on stickers and sweets for the brave souls who roll up their sleeves would be considerable. (四分之一的人说他们患有锥虫恐惧症，或者对针头的恐惧，对于那些卷起袖子的勇敢灵魂来说，在贴纸和糖果上的节省将是相当可观的。)”可知，作者对蚊子启发的针头持积极态度，因为它们可以减少人们对注射的恐惧。故选D项。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，本文主要在讨论如何从自然界中寻找灵感来制造更无痛的针头，特别是受蚊子口器启发的针头，A项“The painless needles inspired by nature. (无痛针的灵感来自大自然。)”最能概括文章主题，故选A项。 C Here’s a quick quiz. Person A does a favor for you. Person B asks you to do a favor for him. Who do you tend to like more? Surprisingly, the answer is Person B. This quirk (怪癖) of human nature is known as the Ben Franklin Effect. Benjamin Franklin came across the phenomenon in 1736 when serving as a clerk to the Pennsylvania Assembly. A powerful member didn’t care for Franklin and threatened to make life miserable for him. What to do? Instead of winning him over with sweet talk, Franklin asked if he could borrow a rare and valuable book the man owned. This request altered the man’s attitude and paved the way for their friendship. Franklin’s takeaway: “He that has once done you a kindness will be ready to do you another, than he whom you yourself have obliged.” Several studies have confirmed this. But how can we explain the Ben Franklin Effect? Some psychologists refer to cognitive dissonance (失调). It’s difficult to hold two contradictory thoughts at the same time. It makes us uncomfortable. We resolve this tension by changing our mind. “I don’t like Joe but I am doing him a favor,” we might think. “So maybe I do like him.” While cognitive dissonance explains a lot, it alone doesn’t explain the Ben Franklin Effect. One 2015 study found that it was, rather, the affiliative (亲和的) motive that the requests convey. That is, we humans want to maintain good relations with other humans, and one way to achieve this is by doing favors for others. This explains a lot about altruistic behavior. We like being useful and, by extension, we like those who give us the opportunity to do so. It’s in our genes. Yet there is much we still don’t know about the Ben Franklin Effect. Does it apply equally across cultures? Is there a point beyond which asking a favor makes you less, not more likable? Asking to borrow a book is one thing; asking to borrow a car is another. 8. Why does the author mention Benjamin Franklin’s experience? A. To illustrate a dilemma in making choices. B. To suggest a way of striking up friendships. C. To stress the importance of strategic requests. D. To introduce the origin of the Ben Franklin Effect. 9. What is a reason for people’s tendency to like those asking for favors? A. Reducing the tension caused by social contact. B. Increasing the chance of getting help in return. C. Avoiding the discomfort from conflicting thoughts. D. Establishing a cooperative community of shared trust. 10. What does the underlined word “altruistic” probably mean in paragraph 4? A. Selfless. B. Impolite. C. Aggressive. D. Responsible. 11. What does the author think of the Ben Franklin Effect? A. It makes little sense. B. It applies to most cultures. C. It has situational limitations. D. It has great practical significance. 【答案】8. D 9. C 10. A 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了本·富兰克林效应。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段的“Surprisingly, the answer is Person B. This quirk (怪癖) of human nature is known as the Ben Franklin Effect.(令人惊讶的是，答案是B型这种人性的怪癖被称为本·富兰克林效应。)”和第二段的“Benjamin Franklin came across the phenomenon in 1736 when serving as a clerk to the Pennsylvania Assembly. A powerful member didn’t care for Franklin and threatened to make life miserable for him. What to do? Instead of winning him over with sweet talk, Franklin asked if he could borrow a rare and valuable book the man owned. This request altered the man’s attitude and paved the way for their friendship. Franklin’s takeaway: “He that has once done you a kindness will be ready to do you another, than he whom you yourself have obliged.”(本杰明·富兰克林(Benjamin Franklin)在1736年担任宾夕法尼亚州议会书记员时遇到了这种现象。一个有权有势的成员不喜欢富兰克林，并威胁要让他的生活很痛苦。该怎么办？富兰克林没有用甜言蜜语来说服他，而是问他是否可以借他拥有的一本珍贵的书。这个请求改变了男人的态度，为他们的友谊铺平了道路。富兰克林的结论是：“曾经善待过你的人，会比你所善待的人更愿意为你做另一件事。”)”可推断，作者提到本杰明·富兰克林的经历为了介绍“本杰明·富兰克林效应”的起源。故选D。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段的“Some psychologists refer to cognitive dissonance (失调). It’s difficult to hold two contradictory thoughts at the same time. It makes us uncomfortable.(一些心理学家称之为认知失调。同时持有两种相互矛盾的思想是很难的。这让我们感到不舒服。)” 可知，人们倾向于喜欢寻求帮助的人是因为认知失调，即避免持有矛盾的想法带来的不适。故选C。 【10题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词前文“One 2015 study found that it was, rather, the affiliative (亲和的) motive that the requests convey. That is, we humans want to maintain good relations with other humans, and one way to achieve this is by doing favors for others.(2015年的一项研究发现，更确切地说，这是请求所传达的亲和动机。也就是说，我们人类希望与他人保持良好的关系，而实现这一目标的一种方式就是帮助他人。)”以及下文“We like being useful and, by extension, we like those who give us the opportunity to do so. It’s in our genes.(我们喜欢成为有用的人，推而广之，我们喜欢那些给我们这样做机会的人。这是我们的基因。)”可推断，划线词所在句说明人类希望通过帮助他人来保持良好的关系，这解释了无私的行为，因此推断画线词与selfless“无私的”意思相近。故选A。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Yet there is much we still don’t know about the Ben Franklin Effect. Does it apply equally across cultures? Is there a point beyond which asking a favor makes you less, not more likable? Asking to borrow a book is one thing; asking to borrow a car is another.(然而，我们对本·富兰克林效应还有很多不了解的地方。它在不同文化中都适用吗？有没有一个点，超过了这个点，请求别人帮忙会让你更不讨人喜欢，而不是更讨人喜欢？借书是一回事；向别人借车是另一回事。)”可知，作者认为本·富兰克林效应有情境限制。故选C。 D At one time, our growing population was seen as central to wildlife extinction, resource exhaustion, pollution and environmental destruction. But today, our concerns shift to declining birth rates due to increased reproductive choice for women. This is a positive development, but is often described as a “crisis” in the media, highlighting economic and senior care challenges. Lost in the conversation are the many positive aspects of an aging society, which is the result of people living healthier and longer lives, and common-sense realities like reduced needs for infrastructure (基础设施) and lower ecological impacts. Also lost is the fact that our population still grows by 80 million people every year. And the consequences of high birth rates are severe. Among them is global warming. In fact, increased emissions (排放) from population growth have canceled more than three quarters of the emissions saved through energy efficiency and renewables over the past three decades. Yet, no matter how well documented the link between population and climate, lowering our population is notably absent from the conversation on solutions. Instead, the focus is on technology that will supposedly allow our entire growing population to enjoy the energy-intensive lifestyles now enjoyed by the rich, and with no climate impacts. But “green” technology is not the solution it is advertised to be. Its expansion to the degree needed to power a growing population at a decent standard of living would itself require a shocking investment in fossil (化石) fuels. It also requires massive mining operations, many of which take place on the backs of low-wage workers in Africa where it is driving destruction of rainforests critical to the survival of great apes. Besides, it requires 10 times the land area as fossil fuel plants for the same amount of energy generated. When global warming threatens to push billions into unsafe temperatures, it is no time to panic that we are adding fewer to those billions. In fact, declining birth rates should be cause for celebration as they signify advances in gender equality and a reduced burden on Earth. 12. What can we learn from paragraph 2? A. The global population is decreasing every year. B. The benefits of an aging society are overlooked. C. The ecological environment is turning for the better. D. The media make up misleading news about the population. 13. What is highlighted as a disadvantage of high birth rates? A. Reduced infrastructure needs. B. Challenges in senior care services. C. A slowdown in economic growth. D. Increased greenhouse gas emissions. 14. Why is “green” technology questioned in the text? A. It does damage to the ecosystem. B. It is not popular around the world. C. It is unaffordable for poor regions. D. It has little effect on reducing pollution. 15. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. Aging Societies: A Global Crisis B. The Mystery of “Green” Technology C. The Trend of Population Growth D. Declining Birth Rates: A Hopeful Sign 【答案】12. B 13. D 14. A 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍是人口高出生率的危害以及出生率降低带来的积极影响。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“This is a positive development, but is often described as a “crisis” in the media, highlighting economic and senior care challenges.(这是一个积极的发展，但媒体经常将其描述为“危机”，强调经济和老年人护理方面的挑战。)”以及下文中介绍的人口老龄化带来的积极影响被人们忽略的事实可知，在第二段我们了解到的是老龄化社会的好处被人们忽略。故选B项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“And the consequences of high birth rates are severe. Among them is global warming.(高出生率的后果是严重的。其中之一就是全球变暖。)”以及下文中介绍的高出生率导致排放量增加的情况可知，高出来率的缺点是造成温室气体排放增加。故选D项。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Its expansion to the degree needed to power a growing population at a decent standard of living would itself require a shocking investment in fossil (化石) fuels. It also requires massive mining operations, many of which take place on the backs of low-wage workers in Africa where it is driving destruction of rainforests critical to the survival of great apes.(它的扩张要达到为不断增长的人口提供体面生活所需的程度，本身就需要对化石燃料(化石)进行惊人的投资。它还需要大规模的采矿作业，其中许多是在非洲的低工资工人的支持下进行的，这正在破坏对类人猿生存至关重要的热带雨林。)”可知，“绿色”技术的扩张需要对化石燃料进行大量投资，大规模的采矿作业，破坏了对类人猿生存至关重要的热带雨林，由此可知，“绿色”技术被质疑的原因是它破坏了生态环境。故选A项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据全文内容及最后一段中“In fact, declining birth rates should be cause for celebration as they signify advances in gender equality and a reduced burden on Earth.(事实上，出生率下降应该是值得庆祝的，因为它们标志着性别平等的进步和地球负担的减轻)”可知，本文主要讨论了出生率下降的积极意义，所以D选项“出生率下降：一个充满希望的迹象”概括全文主题，适合作为最佳标题。故选D项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。（注：选E涂“AB”；选F涂“AC”；选G涂“AD”） In Chinese traditional architecture, a skywell is an open courtyard or well-like space usually located at the heart of a building or group of buildings.____16____ Their designs often feature the classic Chinese dou gong overhangs to provide shade and collect water into a central basin. Chinese skywells are so effective in cooling homes because they can control natural airing. Cool air is drawn into the building from the lower levels, and warm air escapes and rises through the upper levels. ____17____ The skywell’s layout and construction materials also help in thermal(热量的)regulation. During the day, the courtyard absorbs heat from the sun, acting as a thermal mass.____18____This day-night cycle helps maintain a balanced and consistent temperature indoors. Most traditional skywells include water features, such as fountains or ponds. A recent study has shown that the most significant part of a skywell’s cooling effect comes from these water bodies.____19____As water evaporates(蒸发)from these features, it absorbs heat from the surrounding air. This reduces the temperature within the courtyard and surrounding rooms. ____20____One fitting example is the National Heavy Vehicle Engineering Technology Research Centre in Jinan,an 18-story building that has a giant open space at its heart from the fifth floor to the top floor. The toilets, elevators, and meeting rooms surround this space. This enhances natural airing and natural energy consumption, according to the Shanghai-based CCDI Group. A. This promotes fresh air flow,especially during hot summer days. B. It is often a square surrounded by the building’s rooms and wings. C. This cooling was disadvantageous in regions with hot and dry climates. D. It’s probably why temperatures around them are 2.6℃ to 4.2℃ lower. E These wonders continue to inspire architects to seek sustainable solutions. F. The magic of skywells stands as witnesses to the wisdom of ancient builders. G. The stored heat is gradually released as the outdoor temperature drops at night. 【答案】16. B 17. A 18. G 19. D 20. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了天井见证了古代建筑者的智慧。 【16题详解】 根据上文“In Chinese traditional architecture, a skywell is an open courtyard or well-like space usually located at the heart of a building or group of buildings.(在中国传统建筑中，天井是一个开放的庭院或井状空间，通常位于建筑物或建筑群的中心。)”可知，这是在介绍天井的位置。而B项It is often a square surrounded by the building’s rooms and wings.(它通常是一个被建筑的房间和侧翼包围的正方形状。)符合语境，其中It代指上文a skywell，有承上作用。故选B项。 【17题详解】 根据上文“Cool air is drawn into the building from the lower levels, and warm air escapes and rises through the upper levels.(冷空气从较低的楼层被吸入建筑，暖空气从较高的楼层排出并上升。)”可知，本空应与空气的流动有关。而A项“This promotes fresh air flow,especially during hot summer days.”(这促进了新鲜空气的流动，尤其是在炎热的夏天。) ”符合语境，其中this指代前句空气的流向，有承上作用。故选A项。 【18题详解】 根据上文“During the day, the courtyard absorbs heat from the sun, acting as a thermal mass.(白天，庭院吸收太阳的热量，充当热质。)”和下文“This day-night cycle helps maintain a balanced and consistent temperature indoors.(这种昼夜循环有助于保持室内平衡一致的温度。)”可知，本空应该讲述热量夜间的状况。因此G项“ The stored heat is gradually released as the outdoor temperature drops at night.(夜间室外温度下降，储存的热量逐渐释放。) ”符合语境，有承上启下作用。故选G项。 【19题详解】 根据上文“A recent study has shown that the most significant part of a skywell’s cooling effect comes from these water bodies.(最近的一项研究表明，天井冷却效果的最重要部分来自这些水体。)”可知，这里介绍了建筑物温度降低的原因。而D项“It’s probably why temperatures around them are 2.6℃ to 4.2℃ lower.(这可能是它们周围的温度低2.6℃到4.2℃的原因。) ”符合语境。其中 2.6℃ to 4.2℃ lower与上文cooling effect对应，有承上作用。故选D项。 【20题详解】 根据下文“One fitting example is the National Heavy Vehicle Engineering Technology Research Centre in Jinan,an 18-story building that has a giant open space at its heart from the fifth floor to the top floor. (一个恰当的例子是位于济南的国家重型车辆工程技术研究中心，这是一座18层的建筑，从五楼到顶楼，中心都有一个巨大的开放空间。)”可知，这里讲述了古代建筑物的智慧在现代的体现。而E项“These wonders continue to inspire architects to seek sustainable solutions.(这些奇迹不断激励着建筑师寻求可持续的解决方案。) ”符合语境，对本段有总括作用，后面举的例子进一步说明了对天井的探索，these wonders指代前一段介绍的天井的益处。故选E项。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 I was seated in the aisle (过道) seat of a three-seater row on the plane to Portugal. A girl, about 5 years old, sat to my right, and her father ____21____ the window seat to her right. I noticed the little girl looking at me and the screen in front of me with a ____22____ expression from time to time. To ____23____ her, I switched to an animated motion picture. I chose Portuguese subtitles (字幕) to ____24____ my language skills and in case the little girl wanted to ____25____ along. It was a good move since the child became ____26____ on my screen. The little one ____27____ resting her head on me and hugging my arm. Her father would ____28____ her toward him whenever he realized what she was doing. ____29____, her restless little body would find its way back to me. After several ____30____ of this pattern, I motioned that I was OK with the little girl claiming my arm as her personal body pillow for the ____31____ of the flight. He smiled gratefully and fell into sleep. I have a ____32____ of flying, but having a little one to care for put my mind at ease. Honestly, it felt great to be ____33____ by both the child and her father. Our ____34____ willingness to treat each other simply as friendly people created a safe, respectful, and engaging environment among ____35____ during a nine-hour flight. 21. A. won B. adjusted C. occupied D. moved 22. A. simple B. curious C. similar D. clear 23. A. engage B. frighten C. persuade D. praise 24. A. call out for B. make away with C. brush up on D. get down to 25. A. sing B. read C. walk D. play 26. A. connected B. recognized C. focused D. informed 27. A. suggested B. minded C. admitted D. kept 28. A. shift B. follow C. point D. wave 29. A. Therefore B. Besides C. Otherwise D. Nevertheless 30. A. examples B. attempts C. services D. attacks 31. A. destination B. safety C. departure D. duration 32. A. dream B. fear C. cost D. future 33. A. trusted B. invited C. favored D. tolerated 34. A. recent B. average C. collective D. changeable 35. A. strangers B. neighbors C. pilots D. attendants 【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. D 30. B 31. D 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者在飞往葡萄牙的飞机上，遇到了一个5岁的小女孩，女孩对作者的屏幕感兴趣，一直挨着作者，女孩的父亲也逐渐信任了作者。能同时得到孩子和她父亲的信任作者感激很棒。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个大约5岁的女孩坐在我的右边，她的父亲坐在她右边靠窗的座位上。A. won赢得；B. adjusted调整；C. occupied占据；D. moved移动。根据后文“the window seat to her right”指女孩的父亲占据了右边靠窗的座位。故选C。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我注意到那个小女孩不时带着好奇的表情看着我和我面前的屏幕。A. simple简单的；B. curious好奇的；C. similar相似的；D. clear清楚的。根据上文“I noticed the little girl looking at me and the screen in front of me”可知，女孩因为好奇时不时看作者的屏幕。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了吸引她，我换了一部动画电影。A. engage吸引；B. frighten使害怕；C. persuade说服；D. praise赞美。根据后文“I switched to an animated motion picture.”可知，换动画电影是为了吸引女孩注意。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我选择了葡萄牙语字幕来提高我的语言技能，以防小女孩想跟着我一起读。A. call out for召唤；B. make away with偷走；C. brush up on复习；D. get down to开始做。根据上文“I was seated in the aisle seat of a three-seater row on the plane to Portugal.(在飞往葡萄牙的飞机上，我坐在一排三个座位的靠过道的座位上)”可知，作者选择葡萄牙语字幕是为了复习自己的语言技能，因为马上要去葡萄牙了。故选C。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我选择了葡萄牙语字幕来提高我的语言技能，以防小女孩想跟着我一起读。A. sing唱歌；B. read阅读；C. walk散步；D. play玩耍。根据上文“I chose Portuguese subtitles to”可知，切换字幕是为了方便小女孩阅读。故选B。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一个很好的举动，因为孩子开始把注意力集中在我的屏幕上。A. connected连接的；B. recognized被认可得；C. focused集中的；D. informed有知识的。根据上文“It was a good move since the child became”指女孩开始把注意力集中在屏幕上。故选C。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那个小家伙一直把头靠在我身上，搂着我的胳膊。A. suggested建议；B. minded介意；C. admitted承认；D. kept保持。根据后文“resting her head on me and hugging my arm”可知，小女孩一直把头靠在作者身上，搂着作者的胳膊，此处为短语keep doing sth.表示“不停做某事，一直做某事”。故选D。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：每当她的父亲意识到她在做什么时，他就会把她转移到他身边。A. shift转移，转换；B. follow跟随；C. point指出；D. wave挥动。根据后文“her toward him whenever he realized what she was doing”可知，女孩的父亲看到女孩一直挨着作者，就把女孩转移到自己身边。故选A。 【29题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，她那躁动不安的小身体总会找到回到我身边的路。A. Therefore因此；B. Besides此外；C. Otherwise否则；D. Nevertheless然而。结合前后文语境可知为转折关系，应用nevertheless，故选D。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这种模式下尝试了几次之后，我示意小女孩在飞行期间把我的手臂当作她的私人身体枕头，我可以接受。A. examples例子；B. attempts尝试；C. services服务；D. attacks攻击。根据后文“of this pattern”以及上文可知，指女孩想要挨着作者，而父亲不让她这么做，所以是指在这种模式下尝试了几次之后，故选B。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这种模式下尝试了几次之后，我示意小女孩在飞行期间把我的手臂当作她的私人身体枕头，我可以接受。A. destination目的地；B. safety安全；C. departure离开；D. duration持续，期间。根据上文“I motioned that I was OK with the little girl claiming my arm as her personal body pillow for the”指作者让女孩在飞行期间把自己的手臂当做身体枕头，故选D。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我害怕坐飞机，但有了一个小家伙，我就放心了。A. dream梦想；B. fear恐惧；C. cost花费；D. future未来。根据后文“but having a little one to care for put my mind at ease”中but表示转折，说明作者一开始是害怕坐飞机的，有了小女孩作者就放心了。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：老实说，能同时得到孩子和她父亲的信任感觉很棒。A. trusted信任；B. invited邀请；C. favored支持；D. tolerated忍受。根据上文“it felt great to be”以及女孩和作者之间的互动，女孩挨着作者，把作者的手当做枕头可知，父女很信任作者。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在9个小时的飞行中，我们把彼此当作友好的人来对待的共同的意愿为陌生人创造了一个安全、尊重和吸引人的环境。A. recent最近的；B. average平均的；C. collective共同的；D. changeable可变的。根据后文“willingness to treat each other simply as friendly people created a safe, respectful, and engaging environment”可知，作者与小女孩之间的帮助与安慰，这里是指把彼此当作友好的人来对待的共同意愿为陌生人创造了一个安全、尊重和吸引人的环境。故选C。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在9个小时的飞行中，我们把彼此当作友好的人来对待的共同意愿为陌生人创造了一个安全、尊重和吸引人的环境。A. strangers陌生人；B. neighbors邻居；C. pilots飞行员；D. attendants服务员。根据上文“treat each other simply as friendly people”以及作者并不认识这对父女，所以此处指为陌生人创造了安全、尊重和吸引人的环境。故选A。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In June 2024, a 17-year-old vocational school student from rural China became a· celebrity on Chinese social media. Jiang Ping, ___36___ is studying fashion design, took 12th place at the ___37___ (high) competitive 2024 Alibaba Global Mathematics Competition. She was also the only female in the top 30 list ___38___ (release) by DAMO Academy. As most of the other finalists were from famous ___39___ (university) like Peking University, Tsinghua University, MIT, and Cambridge, Jiang Ping’s achievement attracted widespread attention and she ___40___ (praise) as a “genius girl”. However, doubts soon emerged. Some questioned why her previous grades were not outstanding but she suddenly achieved ___41___ (remark) results in this competition. There were also questions about the authenticity of her performance, and some even suspected her ___42___ cheating. On November 3, 2024, the Alibaba Global Mathematics Competition Organizing Committee released an ___43___ (investigate) result. Jiang Ping and her teacher Mr. Wang from the technical secondary school did not win in the final. It was found that Mr. Wang had provided help to his student Jiang Ping during the preliminary round, ___44___ (break) the rule of “no discussion with others” in the preliminaries. This incident exposed problems such as imperfect competition systems and lax management. The school has given Mr. Wang a disciplinary talk _____45_____ cancelled his eligibility (资格) for evaluation and awards this year. 【答案】36. who 37. highly 38. released 39. universities 40 was praised 41. remarkable 42. of 43. investigation 44. breaking 45. and 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。本文主要讲述了一名来自中国农村的17岁职高学生姜萍在2024年阿里巴巴全球数学竞赛中获得第12名的好成绩，成为社交媒体上的名人，但随后其成绩和参赛表现的真实性受到质疑。经调查，姜萍在初赛时得到了老师王先生的帮助，违反了比赛规则，最终她和王老师均未进入决赛，此事也暴露了竞赛制度和管理上的问题。 【36题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：正在学习服装设计的姜萍在2024年阿里巴巴全球数学竞赛中获得了第12名。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Jiang Ping为人，引导词在从句中作主语。故填who。 【37题详解】 考查副词。句意：同上。 设空处需要使用high的副词highly修饰形容词competitive作状语。故填highly。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：她还是唯一一位入围由达摩院发布的排名前30名的女性。句中was为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词。此处的list与release之间是被动关系，故使用过去分词作后置定语修饰表示被动关系。故填released。 【39题详解】 考查名词。句意：因为其他的大多数入围者都来自著名的大学，如北京大学、清华大学、麻省理工学院和剑桥大学。因为前文提到“大多数入围者”，所以表示的是复数意义，所以university要用复数形式与前文的from构成介词短语。故填universities。 【40题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句意：姜平的成就引起了广泛关注，她被赞扬为“天才女孩”。设空处使用动词作谓语，主语she与praise之间是被动关系，且句子描述的是过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时被动语态。故填was praised。 【41题详解】 考查形容词。句意：有些人质疑为什么她以前的成绩并不出众，但她在这次竞赛中突然取得了令人瞩目的成绩。设空处使用remark的形容词remarkable作定语修饰名词results。故填remarkable。 【42题详解】 考查介词。句意：还有人质疑她表现的真实性，有些人甚至怀疑她作弊。suspect sb of doing sth为固定短语，意为“怀疑某人做某事”。故填of。 【43题详解】 考查名词。句意：2024年11月3日，阿里巴巴全球数学竞赛组委会发布了一项调查结果。 设空处使用名词作定语,此处表示“调查结果”。故填investigation。 【44题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：经调查，发现王老师在初赛期间给他的学生姜平提供了帮助，违反了初赛中的“不允许与他人讨论”的规则。 句中had provided为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词，Mr. Wang与break之间是主动关系，故使用现在分词作状语。故填breaking。 【45题详解】 考查连词。句意：学校给了王老师一次纪律谈话，并取消了他今年的评优和奖励资格。设空处使用连词将given和cancelled进行连接，此处表示并列关系。故填and。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是校学生会主席李华，得知饮食文化的知识讲座将由你校文化社团承办。了解到来自England的交换生Peter对饮食文化有所研究，请写封邮件，邀请他参加，内容包括： 1．讲座基本信息，如时间及地点； 2．饮食文化的影响； 3．邀请peter介绍他国家的饮食文化。 注意：写作词数应80左右。 Dear Peter, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Peter, I am writing to invite you to attend the knowledge lecture to be organised by our school culture club next Friday afternoon in our school hall. During the lecture, we’ll introduce the influence of Chinese food culture on the world culture and traditional Chinese food and table manners. This will be a good opportunity for you to have a further understanding of it. Moreover, I’d like you to introduce food culture in England from which I believe we can learn much. Looking forward to your coming. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给来自England的交换生Peter写封邮件，邀请他参加学校文化社团将举行的有关饮食文化的知识讲座。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 影响：influence → impact 好的：good → great 机会：opportunity → chance 另外：moreover→besides 2.句式拓展 同意句替换 原句：I am writing to invite you to attend the knowledge lecture to be organised by our school culture club next Friday afternoon in our school hall. 拓展句：I am writing to invite you to attend the knowledge lecture which will be organised by our school culture club next Friday afternoon in our school hall. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I am writing to invite you to attend the knowledge lecture to be organised by our school culture club next Friday afternoon in our school hall. (运用了动词不定式的被动式作定语) 【高分句型2】Moreover, I’d like you to introduce food culture in England from which I believe we can learn much.(运用了“介词+which”引导的限制性定语从句) 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。 This time, Mat and I set our climbing destination as Mount Baker in Washington. According to the weather forecast (预报), it was to be clear skies that day. We left the foot of the mountain at 6 p. m., aiming to reach the top at sunrise. As we traveled for four hours, the weather turned to a mix of rolling ice and rain. Shouting over the wind, we discussed turning around. But I thought back to the forecast I had checked just before leaving and believed the weather would clear up at any minute. It didn’t. We pushed our own way through the deepening snow. At some points, the snow was up to our upper legs. We were further behind schedule with each step. “I’ve made it to the top,” I shouted loudly to Mat over my radio. He was only 7 meters away on the other end of the rope but unable to see or hear me through the heavy snow. He joined me at the top for20 seconds— the temperature was well below zero— before we began the 4,000- foot journey downhill. We then reached the edge of the mountain after 5 hours (it takes about an hour and a half in good weather), unroped, and removed some of our climbing equipment, happy to be on the mountain without much difficulty ahead. And in that moment of relief, I slipped (滑倒). Standing on a seemingly good block of snow, I started to slide. I did a textbook self- stop with my ice ax (冰镐), but the snow had started to melt (融化), and I couldn’t get any hold on anything. I slid for about 15 meters, all the while thinking I’d soon come to a stop. A few seconds later I hit a rock and got thrown into the air. A huge crack on the ground came into view below me. Then, in an instant, I felt like I was being pushed with great force onto its rock bottom 9 meters down. 注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 At least I stopped, I thought. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I’d been lying on the ground shaking and aching for half an hour by the time Mat reached me. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 At least I stopped, I thought. My left arm and shoulder weren’t working, and I knew I probably had a head injury. I heard Mat’s voice on the radio asking if I was alive. I answered, giving him my location. Then I tried to stand, and soon pain passed through my body. It felt like my brain was shutting down. I tried not to worry, but it took all my strength to keep talking to Mat. I’d been lying on the ground shaking and aching for half an hour by the time Mat reached me. Mat shouted at me and reminded me to press the SOS button on my rescue device. I let Mat’s voice guide me to my shoulder bag to hit the button. He climbed down and finally used the rope to pull me out of the crack. Hours later we met two search and rescue climbers who had answered my call for help. I’ll never forget the lesson that I learned that day: The top of the mountain is only halfway home. 【解析】 【导语】本文以事件的发展为线索展开，讲述了作者和搭档Mat去华盛顿的贝克山登山，登山四个小时的时候，天气骤变，本以为按照天气预报的那样，天气会放晴，所以继续坚持登顶，在准备好下山的时刻，作者突然滑倒，顺山坡滑下，几秒钟后撞到石头上，被抛到空中，最后落到了峡谷中。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“至少我停了下来，我想。”可知，第一段可描写作者的心理描写和自己做些什么。 ②由第二段首句内容“当Mat 来到我身边时，我已经躺在地上颤抖、疼痛了半个小时。”可知，第二段可描写马特做了什么，作者又是如何被救起的。 2. 续写线索：落到谷底——尽力站起来——联系Mat ——Mat 找到作者——寻求救援——感悟 3. 词汇激活 行为类 ①回应：answer/respond/give a response to ②按：press/push ③引导：guide/lead/direct 情绪类 ①担心：worry/concern/be anxious ②喊叫：shout at/cry out/yell at 【点睛】[高分句型1]. I heard Mat’s voice on the radio asking if I was alive. (运用了现在分词作状语) [高分句型2]. I tried not to worry, but it took all my strength to keep talking to Mat. (运用了but连接并列句) [高分句型3]. Hours later we met two search and rescue climbers who had answered my call for help. (运用了who引导的定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 潮阳一中明光学校2024-2025学年度第一学期第三阶段考试 高三英语试卷 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Four Wonderful Hotels in Spain Hotel Villa Favorita It is a beautiful 19th-century building, the last of its kind on La Concha Beach in San Sebastián, Spain, now doing business as an amazing luxury (豪华) hotel. Some rooms look out over the city, while others face directly oút to sea. The hotel’s restaurant, Amelia, was owned by a famous cook who would bring the tastes of his native Argentina to Spain’s Atlantic coast. Hotel Zinema 7 Hotel Zinema 7 is a hotel that’s all about the love of movies. It’s designed (设计) with the art of cinema in mind. The large film-star images in the guest rooms are the most outstanding example. You’ll really admire how well the whole idea has been put together. Looking back, it makes total sense because the hotel is actually inside an old, famous movie theater called the Astoria Cinema. The change into a hotel was pretty cool. Nobu Hotel San Sebastián This hotel is housed in a Belle Epoque-style building the inside decorated (装饰) with a mix of modern Japanese design and local touches. All 17 guest rooms offer views of La Concha Bay. The rooms use soft colors and simple designs creating a sense of calm. You can enjoy a drink or a meal at Nobu Terrace, which overlooks La Concha Bay. The Nobu Restaurant features Japanese tastes by its cook Nobu Matsuhisa. Hotel Arima & Spa This hotel in San Sebastián is a fine example of forward-looking hotel design, combined with an eco-friendly, nature-first way that makes for a peaceful experience. The location places it at some distance from the beaches and the town center, but what you gain is more close meet with the Marimon forest. The rooms feel warm and natural, and most of them look out at green scenery. 1. What do we know about Hotel Villa Favorita? A. It was set up by a cook. B. It is designed in Japanese style. C. You can have Argentinian-style food there. D. You can see views of the city in any of its rooms. 2. Which hotel will most probably attract a movie lover? A. Hotel Villa Favorita. B. Hotel Zinema7. C. Nobu Hotel San Sebastián. D. Hotel Arima & Spa. 3. What is the idea behind the design of Hotel Arimn & Spa? A. Meeting world- famous stars. B. Offering special dining experience. C. Caring about the environment. D. Experiencing cultural differences. B Using hypodermic needles to deliver drugs has been common for more than a century. The past hundred years have seen all manner of medical advances, yet the needle has stayed mostly unchanged. Although now available in a variety of different sizes, it remains a hollow (中空的), pointy tube. With luck, that may soon change. Researchers around the world are looking for ways to ease the passage of needles into the skin. Many have been inspired by nature. An obvious source of ideas has been mosquitoes, which manage to take their blood meals almost painlessly. One reason is that the insects release anaesthetic (麻醉的)chemicals when they first puncture(刺穿)the skin. But another has to do with the shape and action of their mouthparts. The point of a mosquito’s mouthparts is serrated (锯齿状的)and softer at its tip. The insect stretches the skin of its target before biting, and shakes its mouthparts quickly as it pushes it in. All of this helps to reduce the force needed to puncture the skin. One paper, published in 2020 by a group of researchers in America and China, found that a mosquito-inspired needle required 27% less force than an ordinary one. And less puncture force means less pain. Mosquito-inspired needles might also be useful for delicate procedures such as biopsies (活组织检查). A paper from the University of Michigan, also published in 2020, found that the lower puncture force led to less movement of the sampling area, ensuring that the needles were guided accurately to the area, rather than missing the target. For now, such devices remain restricted to labs. But there is a big market for better needles. According to the World Health Organization, around 16bn injections were given in 2018. With one person in four saying they suffer from trypanophobia, or a fear of needles, the savings on stickers and sweets for the brave souls who roll up their sleeves would be considerable. 4. Which contributes to mosquitoes’ getting blood without causing pain? A. The sound they make before biting. B. The special shape of their mouthparts. C. The high speed of their action. D. The small size of their mouthparts. 5. What can we learn about the mosquito-inspired needles from the text? A. They have been put on the market. B. They required more puncture force than the ordinary ones. C. It’s easier for them to get through the skin. D. The lower puncture force may cause them to miss the target. 6. What is the author’s attitude towards the mosquito-inspired needles? A Unclear. B. Tolerant. C. Doubtful. D. Positive. 7. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A. The painless needles inspired by nature. B. The application of the mosquito-inspired needles. C. The latest medical advances made by researchers. D. Mosquitoes’ unique way to take the blood painlessly. C Here’s a quick quiz. Person A does a favor for you. Person B asks you to do a favor for him. Who do you tend to like more? Surprisingly, the answer is Person B. This quirk (怪癖) of human nature is known as the Ben Franklin Effect. Benjamin Franklin came across the phenomenon in 1736 when serving as a clerk to the Pennsylvania Assembly. A powerful member didn’t care for Franklin and threatened to make life miserable for him. What to do? Instead of winning him over with sweet talk, Franklin asked if he could borrow a rare and valuable book the man owned. This request altered the man’s attitude and paved the way for their friendship. Franklin’s takeaway: “He that has once done you a kindness will be ready to do you another, than he whom you yourself have obliged.” Several studies have confirmed this. But how can we explain the Ben Franklin Effect? Some psychologists refer to cognitive dissonance (失调). It’s difficult to hold two contradictory thoughts at the same time. It makes us uncomfortable. We resolve this tension by changing our mind. “I don’t like Joe, but I am doing him a favor,” we might think. “So maybe I do like him.” While cognitive dissonance explains a lot, it alone doesn’t explain the Ben Franklin Effect. One 2015 study found that it was, rather, the affiliative (亲和的) motive that the requests convey. That is, we humans want to maintain good relations with other humans, and one way to achieve this is by doing favors for others. This explains a lot about altruistic behavior. We like being useful and, by extension, we like those who give us the opportunity to do so. It’s in our genes. Yet there is much we still don’t know about the Ben Franklin Effect. Does it apply equally across cultures? Is there a point beyond which asking a favor makes you less, not more likable? Asking to borrow a book is one thing; asking to borrow a car is another. 8. Why does the author mention Benjamin Franklin’s experience? A. To illustrate a dilemma in making choices. B. To suggest a way of striking up friendships. C. To stress the importance of strategic requests. D. To introduce the origin of the Ben Franklin Effect. 9. What is a reason for people’s tendency to like those asking for favors? A. Reducing the tension caused by social contact. B. Increasing the chance of getting help in return. C. Avoiding the discomfort from conflicting thoughts. D. Establishing a cooperative community of shared trust. 10. What does the underlined word “altruistic” probably mean in paragraph 4? A. Selfless. B. Impolite. C. Aggressive. D. Responsible. 11. What does the author think of the Ben Franklin Effect? A. It makes little sense. B. It applies to most cultures. C. It has situational limitations. D. It has great practical significance. D At one time, our growing population was seen as central to wildlife extinction, resource exhaustion, pollution and environmental destruction. But today, our concerns shift to declining birth rates due to increased reproductive choice for women. This is a positive development, but is often described as a “crisis” in the media, highlighting economic and senior care challenges. Lost in the conversation are the many positive aspects of an aging society, which is the result of people living healthier and longer lives, and common-sense realities like reduced needs for infrastructure (基础设施) and lower ecological impacts. Also lost is the fact that our population still grows by 80 million people every year. And the consequences of high birth rates are severe. Among them is global warming. In fact, increased emissions (排放) from population growth have canceled more than three quarters of the emissions saved through energy efficiency and renewables over the past three decades. Yet, no matter how well documented the link between population and climate, lowering our population is notably absent from the conversation on solutions. Instead, the focus is on technology that will supposedly allow our entire growing population to enjoy the energy-intensive lifestyles now enjoyed by the rich, and with no climate impacts. But “green” technology is not the solution it is advertised to be. Its expansion to the degree needed to power a growing population at a decent standard of living would itself require a shocking investment in fossil (化石) fuels. It also requires massive mining operations, many of which take place on the backs of low-wage workers in Africa where it is driving destruction of rainforests critical to the survival of great apes. Besides, it requires 10 times the land area as fossil fuel plants for the same amount of energy generated. When global warming threatens to push billions into unsafe temperatures, it is no time to panic that we are adding fewer to those billions. In fact, declining birth rates should be cause for celebration as they signify advances in gender equality and a reduced burden on Earth. 12. What can we learn from paragraph 2? A. The global population is decreasing every year. B. The benefits of an aging society are overlooked. C. The ecological environment is turning for the better. D The media make up misleading news about the population. 13. What is highlighted as a disadvantage of high birth rates? A. Reduced infrastructure needs. B. Challenges in senior care services. C. A slowdown in economic growth. D. Increased greenhouse gas emissions. 14. Why is “green” technology questioned in the text? A. It does damage to the ecosystem. B. It is not popular around the world. C. It is unaffordable for poor regions. D. It has little effect on reducing pollution. 15. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. Aging Societies: A Global Crisis B. The Mystery of “Green” Technology C. The Trend of Population Growth D. Declining Birth Rates: A Hopeful Sign 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。（注：选E涂“AB”；选F涂“AC”；选G涂“AD”） In Chinese traditional architecture, a skywell is an open courtyard or well-like space usually located at the heart of a building or group of buildings.____16____ Their designs often feature the classic Chinese dou gong overhangs to provide shade and collect water into a central basin. Chinese skywells are so effective in cooling homes because they can control natural airing. Cool air is drawn into the building from the lower levels, and warm air escapes and rises through the upper levels. ____17____ The skywell’s layout and construction materials also help in thermal(热量的)regulation. During the day, the courtyard absorbs heat from the sun, acting as a thermal mass.____18____This day-night cycle helps maintain a balanced and consistent temperature indoors. Most traditional skywells include water features, such as fountains or ponds. A recent study has shown that the most significant part of a skywell’s cooling effect comes from these water bodies.____19____As water evaporates(蒸发)from these features, it absorbs heat from the surrounding air. This reduces the temperature within the courtyard and surrounding rooms. ____20____One fitting example is the National Heavy Vehicle Engineering Technology Research Centre in Jinan,an 18-story building that has a giant open space at its heart from the fifth floor to the top floor. The toilets, elevators, and meeting rooms surround this space. This enhances natural airing and natural energy consumption, according to the Shanghai-based CCDI Group. A. This promotes fresh air flow,especially during hot summer days. B. It is often a square surrounded by the building’s rooms and wings. C. This cooling was disadvantageous in regions with hot and dry climates. D. It’s probably why temperatures around them are 2.6℃ to 4.2℃ lower. E. These wonders continue to inspire architects to seek sustainable solutions. F. The magic of skywells stands as witnesses to the wisdom of ancient builders. G. The stored heat is gradually released as the outdoor temperature drops at night. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 I was seated in the aisle (过道) seat of a three-seater row on the plane to Portugal. A girl, about 5 years old, sat to my right, and her father ____21____ the window seat to her right. I noticed the little girl looking at me and the screen in front of me with a ____22____ expression from time to time. To ____23____ her, I switched to an animated motion picture. I chose Portuguese subtitles (字幕) to ____24____ my language skills and in case the little girl wanted to ____25____ along. It was a good move since the child became ____26____ on my screen. The little one ____27____ resting her head on me and hugging my arm. Her father would ____28____ her toward him whenever he realized what she was doing. ____29____, her restless little body would find its way back to me. After several ____30____ of this pattern, I motioned that I was OK with the little girl claiming my arm as her personal body pillow for the ____31____ of the flight. He smiled gratefully and fell into sleep. I have a ____32____ of flying, but having a little one to care for put my mind at ease. Honestly, it felt great to be ____33____ by both the child and her father. Our ____34____ willingness to treat each other simply as friendly people created a safe, respectful, and engaging environment among ____35____ during a nine-hour flight. 21. A. won B. adjusted C. occupied D. moved 22. A. simple B. curious C. similar D. clear 23. A. engage B. frighten C. persuade D. praise 24. A. call out for B. make away with C. brush up on D. get down to 25. A. sing B. read C. walk D. play 26. A. connected B. recognized C. focused D. informed 27. A. suggested B. minded C. admitted D. kept 28. A. shift B. follow C. point D. wave 29. A. Therefore B. Besides C. Otherwise D. Nevertheless 30. A. examples B. attempts C. services D. attacks 31. A. destination B. safety C. departure D. duration 32 A. dream B. fear C. cost D. future 33. A. trusted B. invited C. favored D. tolerated 34. A. recent B. average C. collective D. changeable 35. A. strangers B. neighbors C. pilots D. attendants 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In June 2024, a 17-year-old vocational school student from rural China became a· celebrity on Chinese social media. Jiang Ping, ___36___ is studying fashion design, took 12th place at the ___37___ (high) competitive 2024 Alibaba Global Mathematics Competition. She was also the only female in the top 30 list ___38___ (release) by DAMO Academy. As most of the other finalists were from famous ___39___ (university) like Peking University, Tsinghua University, MIT, and Cambridge, Jiang Ping’s achievement attracted widespread attention and she ___40___ (praise) as a “genius girl”. However, doubts soon emerged. Some questioned why her previous grades were not outstanding but she suddenly achieved ___41___ (remark) results in this competition. There were also questions about the authenticity of her performance, and some even suspected her ___42___ cheating. On November 3, 2024, the Alibaba Global Mathematics Competition Organizing Committee released an ___43___ (investigate) result. Jiang Ping and her teacher Mr. Wang from the technical secondary school did not win in the final. It was found that Mr. Wang had provided help to his student Jiang Ping during the preliminary round, ___44___ (break) the rule of “no discussion with others” in the preliminaries. This incident exposed problems such as imperfect competition systems and lax management. The school has given Mr. Wang a disciplinary talk _____45_____ cancelled his eligibility (资格) for evaluation and awards this year. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是校学生会主席李华，得知饮食文化的知识讲座将由你校文化社团承办。了解到来自England的交换生Peter对饮食文化有所研究，请写封邮件，邀请他参加，内容包括： 1．讲座基本信息，如时间及地点； 2．饮食文化的影响； 3．邀请peter介绍他国家的饮食文化。 注意：写作词数应为80左右。 Dear Peter, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。 This time Mat and I set our climbing destination as Mount Baker in Washington. According to the weather forecast (预报), it was to be clear skies that day. We left the foot of the mountain at 6 p. m., aiming to reach the top at sunrise. As we traveled for four hours, the weather turned to a mix of rolling ice and rain. Shouting over the wind, we discussed turning around. But I thought back to the forecast I had checked just before leaving and believed the weather would clear up at any minute. It didn’t. We pushed our own way through the deepening snow. At some points, the snow was up to our upper legs. We were further behind schedule with each step. “I’ve made it to the top,” I shouted loudly to Mat over my radio. He was only 7 meters away on the other end of the rope but unable to see or hear me through the heavy snow. He joined me at the top for20 seconds— the temperature was well below zero— before we began the 4,000- foot journey downhill. We then reached the edge of the mountain after 5 hours (it takes about an hour and a half in good weather), unroped, and removed some of our climbing equipment, happy to be on the mountain without much difficulty ahead. And in that moment of relief, I slipped (滑倒). Standing on a seemingly good block of snow, I started to slide. I did a textbook self- stop with my ice ax (冰镐), but the snow had started to melt (融化), and I couldn’t get any hold on anything. I slid for about 15 meters, all the while thinking I’d soon come to a stop. A few seconds later I hit a rock and got thrown into the air. A huge crack on the ground came into view below me. Then, in an instant, I felt like I was being pushed with great force onto its rock bottom 9 meters down. 注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 At least I stopped, I thought. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I’d been lying on the ground shaking and aching for half an hour by the time Mat reached me. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$