专题03 重点语法【考点串讲】-2024-2025学年七年级英语上学期期末考点大串讲(鲁教版五四制)

2024-2025学年七年级上期末考点大串讲（鲁教版五四制） 专题03 重点语法 考点串讲 1. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 询问及描述长相 1. 询问人物的长相、外貌的常用句型: What+ do/ does+ 主语+ look like? 意为“某人长什么样”? —What does he look like? 他长什么样子? —He is short and thin. 他又矮又瘦。 【注意】询问某人的性格品质用“What+ be动词+ 主语+ like? ”结构。 2. (1)在描述人物外貌时可以用be动词, 也可用have/has, 有时两种结构可以相互转换。 Her hair is long. =She has long hair. 她留着一头长发。 (2)在描述人物身材和身高用build与height时, 不要忘记介词of放在be动词之后。 She is of medium height/build. 她中等身高/身材。 3. 主语+wear(s)+glasses/clothes. 用于描述某人戴眼镜或所穿衣物等。 Grandmother Li always wears a pair of glasses. 李奶奶总是戴着一副眼镜。 I often wear a green coat. 我经常穿一件绿色的外套。 选择疑问句 　选择疑问句结构: 一般疑问句+or+被选择部分? 回答时不能使用yes或no, 而是要用or前面或后面的词作为答语。 【注意】 （1）选择疑问句也可用特殊疑问句, 供选择的部分用or连接, or 前读升调 , or后读降调。 —How many pens do you have, one or two? 你有多少钢笔, 一支还是两支? —One. 一支。 (2)or用于否定句中, 意思是“也不”, 用来提出两种或多种事物时表示并列。 I don’t have apples or pears. 我没有苹果和梨。 (3)表示一种否定的条件, 意为“否则”。 Come on, or we’ll be late. 快点, 否则我们要迟到了。 可数名词与不可数名词 1. 名词的数 名词按照可数性可分为可数名词和不可数名词。 可数名词是指名词本身所表示的人或事物是可以直接用数目来计算的, 有复数变化形式。不可数名词是指名词本身所表示的事物一般不能直接用数目来计算。它们分别包括以下几种名词: 可 数 名 词 个体 名词 用来指单个人或单个事物的名词 car 汽车 computer 电脑 集体 名词 用来指一群人或一些事物总称的名词 army 军队 police 警察 不 可 数 名 词 物质 名词 用来指无法分为个体的物质、材料的名词 water 水 bread 面包 抽象 名词 用来指人或事物的品质、情感、状态、动作等抽象概念的名词 love 爱 time 时间 2. 既可作可数名词也可作不可数名词的词 　　有些名词既可作可数名词, 也可作不可数名词, 但意义上有很大区别, 常见的这类名词如下表: 可 数 名 词 不 可 数 名 词 a glass 一个玻璃杯 glass玻璃 a paper 一份报纸 paper 纸 a chicken 一只鸡 chicken 鸡肉 a fish 一条鱼 fish 鱼肉 a room 一个房间 room 空间 a light 一盏灯 light光线 an orange 一个橙子 orange 橙汁 3. 可数名词复数的变化规则 　　可数名词的复数形式一般在词尾加-s或-es, 其规则如下表: 构词法 例词 一般情况, 在词尾直接加-s book—books pen—pens cup—cups 以字母s, x, ch, sh结尾的名词, 在词尾加-es bus—buses box—boxes watch—watches 以辅音字母+y结尾的词 变y为i, 再加-es city—cities　country—countries party—parties 以字母f或fe结尾的词, 变f或fe为v, 再加-es wife—wives life—lives thief—thieves 某些以f结尾的词, 直接加-s roof—roofs belief—beliefs(信念) 以元音字母+y结尾的名词, 直接加-s boy—boys day—days 以o结尾的 可数名词 有生命意义的加-es potato—potatoes tomato—tomatoes 无生命意义的加-s zoo—zoos radio—radios photo—photos 【注意1】 (1)不可数名词可以用量词来表示其数量, 这些量词中的名词是可数的, 有单复数形式。应该注意的是, 无论量词是单数还是复数, 不可数名词都不能有复数形式的变化。 a cup of tea　一杯茶 two bottles of orange　两瓶橙汁 (2)可数名词用how many 来询问数量, 不可数名词用how much 来询问数量。 How many apples are there in the basket? 篮子里有多少苹果? How much milk is there in the bottle? 在这个瓶子里有多少牛奶? 【注意2】 (1)可数名词单数或不可数名词作主语时, 谓语动词用单数形式; 可数名词复数作主语时, 谓语动词用复数形式。 Lily and Lucy are twins. 莉莉和露西是双胞胎。 Water is very important to us. 水对我们来说非常重要。 (2)“量词+of +不可数名词”这一结构作主语时, 谓语动词要和量词的数保持一致。 There are two plates of mutton on the table. 桌子上有两盘羊肉。 There is a glass of water in the fridge. 在冰箱里有一杯水。 一般过去时 一、一般过去时基本用法 1. 一般过去时的定义 　　一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态或过去经常、反复发生的动作。 2. 一般过去时的时间状语 　　一般过去时常和表示过去的时间状语连用, 如yesterday, last night, in 2008, two years ago等。 I watched TV last night. 昨晚我看电视了。 He got there two hours ago. 他两个小时以前到达那里的。 Mary visited Beijing in 2008. 玛丽在2008年参观了北京。 3. 一般过去时的谓语结构 句子谓语结构种类 肯定句 否定句 一般疑问句 be动词 was/were wasn’t/weren’t Was/Were. . . ? 实义动词 动词的过去式 didn’t+动词原形 Did. . . +动词原形. . . ? 4. 动词过去式的构成 　　动词过去式的构成分为规则与不规则两类。规则动词过去式的构成及发音如下表: 类　别 构成方法 例　词 读　音 一般情况 加-ed look—looked 清辅音后读作/t/; 浊辅音和元音后读作/d/; /t/和/d/后面读/Id/ 以e结尾的动词 加-d live—lived　use—used 以重读闭音节结尾的动词, 末尾只有一个辅音字母 双写这个 辅音字母, 再加-ed stop—stopped plan—planned 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词 变y为i再 加-ed study—studied worry—worried 【注意】有很多动词的过去式是不规则的, 本单元出现的不规则动词有: be—was/were, go—went, ride—rode, feed—fed, take—took, see—saw, do—did, grow—grew, eat—ate, buy—bought, can—could, hear—heard, have—had, swim—swam等。 二、一般过去时中的特殊疑问句 1. 特殊疑问句定义 特殊疑问句是由疑问代词(who, what, which)和疑问副词(where, when, why, how)引导的疑问句。 2. 一般过去时的特殊疑问句的类型 (1)含be动词的特殊疑问句。 ①特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+其他? 例如: How was your school trip? 你们的学校旅行怎么样? Why was your mom so angry last night? 昨天晚上你的妈妈为什么那么生气? ②特殊疑问词(主语)+ was/were +其他? 例如: Who was the girl you met last weekend? 上周末你遇到的女孩是谁? Whose bike was broken yesterday? 昨天谁的自行车坏了? (2)含行为动词的特殊疑问句。 ①特殊疑问词+助动词did+主语+动词原形+其他? 例如: Where did you go last summer? 去年夏天你去哪里了? When did the meeting start? 会议什么时候开始的? Why did you clean your house just now? 你刚才为什么打扫你的房屋? ②特殊疑问词(主语)+行为动词的过去式+其他? 例如: Who didn’t do his homework? 谁没做作业? 复合不定代词 频度副词 一般现在时 形容词和副词的比较级 一、形容词和副词的比较级的构成 1. 规则变化 2. 不规则变化 原级 比较级 good/well better bad/badly worse many/much more little less far farther/further 二、形容词和副词的比较级的用法 1. 同级比较 (1)表示 “A与B一样……”的句型: A+谓语+ as+原级+as +B. He is as tall as his mother. 他和他的妈妈一样高。 (2)表示 “A不如B……”的句型: A+ be not+ as/so+原级+as +B. 或者A+ don’t/doesn’t +动词+ as/so+原级+as +B. Tom doesn’t work as/so hard as Mary. 汤姆工作不如玛丽努力。 2. 两者比较 (1)表示 “A比B更……”的句型: A+谓语+ 比较级+ than +B. I am two years older than my brother. 我比我的弟弟大两岁。 (2)表示 “A和B, 哪一个/谁更……? ”的句型: Which/Who+谓语+ 比较级, A or B? Which is bigger, the sun or the moon? 太阳和月亮, 哪个更大? 【注意】形容词和副词的比较级的特殊用法 (1)“比较级+ and+比较级”, 意为“越来越……”; The day is getting cooler and cooler. 天气变得越来越凉爽了。 (2)“the+比较级. . . , the+比较级. . . ”, 意为“越……, 越……”; The busier she is, the happier she feels. 她越忙越高兴。 (3)“the+比较级+of the two”, 意为“两者中较为……的”, 比较级前要加定冠词the。 Jane is the taller of the two girls. 简是两个女孩中个子高的那个。 形容词和副词的最高级 形容词、副词最高级的变化规则 变化规则 示例 一般直接在词尾加-est tall—tallest, short—shortest 以字母e结尾的词直接在词尾加-st nice—nicest, fine—finest 以重读闭音节结尾并且末尾只有一个辅音字母的词, 应先双写该辅音字母再加-est thin—thinnest, fat—fattest 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词, 变y为i再加-est funny—funniest, happy—happiest 多音节词和部分双音节词直接在其前面加most quickly—most quickly, important—most important 不规则变化 bad/badly—worst　many/much—most good/well—best　little—least far—farthest/furthest　old—oldest/eldest 考点精练 单项选择 1．There are many kinds of ________ in the river. You can go ________ there. A．fish; fishing​ B．fishes; fish C．fishes; fishing​ D．fish; to fish 2．—Can you bring ________ home after you finish work? —Sure. A．two kilo of pears B．two kilos of pear C．two kilo of pear D．two kilos of pears 3．Tom never does _______ to keep fit. He always does Maths ________ at home. A．exercises; exercise B．exercises; exercises C．exercise; exercises D．exercise; exercise 4．—Eric, are ________ your ________? —No. They are my sister’s. A．that; photo B．that; photos C．those; photo D．those; photos 5．—I want to buy a card with best ________ for the teacher on Teachers’ Day. —Good idea. Let’s go and ________ one. A．wish; buy B．wishes; to buy C．wishes; buy D．wish; to buy 6．—Can I help you? —Yes, please. I want to buy two ________ for my father. A．pairs of trouser B．pairs of trousers C．pair of trouser D．pair of trousers 7．There ________ lots of ________ on the Internet. A．is; informations B．are; informations C．are; information D．is; information 8．Betty had some notes to take, so he asked for ________. A．a paper B．some papers C．a piece of paper D．some pieces of papers 9．—What is on the basket?   —A few ________, but little ________. A．apples; juice B．juice; apples C．apple; juices D．juices; apple 10．Alex ________ long yellow ________. A．has; hair B．have; hairs C．has; hairs D．have; hair 11．Can you give me________? A．an advice B．some advice C．some advices D．any advices 12．We have ________ in winter. A．snowman B．snowmen C．snowmans D．a snowman 13．––There are many ________ in the sky. ––I think so. It is ________ and it is going to rain soon. A．clouds; cloud B．cloudy; cloudy C．clouds; cloudy D．cloudy; clouds 14．Some ________ teachers are shopping in that ________ shop. A．women; shoe B．women; shoes C．woman; shoe D．woman; shoes 15．There is going to be a basketball match between ________ and ________ tomorrow morning. A．man teacher; boy students B．men teachers; boy students C．man teacher; boy student D．men teachers; boy student 16．—Are there any ________ in the picture? —Yes, there are. A．beef B．mutton C．sheep D．cow 17．—________ pork would you like? —One and a half ________. A．How many; kilo B．How many; kilos C．How much; kilos D．How much; kilo 18．Mum would like to buy some ________ this afternoon. A．bottles of tomato B．boxes of egg C．packets of salt D．piece of bread 19．She is the ________ of the twins. A．tall B．taller C．tallest D．the taller 20．—Which T-shirt is ________, the white one or the grey one? —The white one. It goes together ________ your jeans. A．good; for B．better; with C．best; with D．well; for 21．Kent has a sweet tooth. I think that he needs to eat________ sugar and change his diet. A．much B．more C．some D．less 22．The number of tigers is getting ________. A．small and small B．smaller and smaller C．small and smaller D．smaller and small 23．You need ________ more and watch ________ TV. A．to exercise; little B．to exercise; less C．to exercise; more D．exercising; less 24．—What should I do, doctor?       —You must eat ________ and do ________ exercise. A．much; little B．more; less C．less; more D．much; less 25．Alice speaks English more fluently than ________ in her class. A．any girls B．other girls C．any other girl D．any other girls 26．— Tina, you know what? We can have a dog! — Great! But I prefer to have a cat. It is much _________ to take care of. A．easy B．easier C．easiest D．the easiest 27．To make more money, ________ young people leave their villages to find jobs in the city. A．less and less B．smaller and smaller C．fewer and fewer D．more and more 28．He is one of my best________. A．friend B．friends C．friendly D．a friend 29．Lin Shuhao is one of the best basketball ________ in NBA． A．actors B．players C．player D．writers 30．Shanghai is one of ________ cities in China. A．big B．biggest C．the biggest D．the bigger 31．Tan Dun is one of ________ musicians in the world. I like him very much. A．great B．greater C．greatest D．the greatest 32．It is one of ________ I have ever seen, and I am not interested in it at all. A．the most boring films B．more boring film C．the most boring film D．the more boring films 33．Shanghai is one of ________ in China. A．the bigger city B．the bigger cities C．the biggest city D．the biggest cities 34．The Yangtze River is the ________ river in China. A．long B．longest C．longer D．more long 35．This is one of ________ songs. We all like it very much. A．most popular B．the more popular C．the most popular D．more popular 36．Shanghai is one of ________ in the world. A．the larger city B．the larger cities C．the largest city D．the largest cities 37．6G smartphones work much ________ than 5G ones. A．the fastest B．fastest C．faster D．fast 38．He can draw _________ his teacher. A．as beautiful as B．more beautiful than C．not as beautifully as D．less beautifully than 39．Tom did ________ in math this year than last year. A．good B．well C．best D．better 40．She writes _________ than the other students in her class. A．more carefully B．carefully C．more careful D．careful 41．The Airport Express goes ________ than a bus. A．quicker B．much quick C．much quickly D．more quickly 42．Nancy is very _______. She studies _______ than her sister. A．more hard-working; harder B．hard-working; harder C．more hard-working; hard D．hard-working; hard 43．Four eyes see ________ two. Keep your ears to others’ ideas more. A．more than B．less than C．too much D．much too 44．My brother used to go to school ________ than other students. A．much early B．much earlier C．more earlier D．more early 45．Autumn came and the ant worked _______. A．hard and hard B．harder and harder C．hard and harder D．more and more hard 46．Of all the students, Lucy lives the ________ from the school. A．farther B．farthest C．far D．more far 47．Who usually comes to school ________ in your class? A．early B．earliest C．earlier D．the early 48．Which do you like _________, pandas, deer or tigers? A．good B．well C．better D．best 49．He works ________ in his class. A．harder B．hardest C．the most hard D．the harder 50．Who do you like ________, the English teacher, the math teacher or the Chinese teacher? A．best B．well C．good D．fine 51．Which do you like ________, bread, eggs or sandwiches? A．better B．best C．well D．much 52．Who draws ________, Lily, Linda or Peter? A．good B．well C．better D．best 53．Who runs _________, Lucy, Mary or Alice? A．fast B．faster C．fastest D．the most fast 54．—Which travels ________, a bus, a train or a plane? —A plane. A．more quickly B．most quickly C．quicker D．the quickest 55．My sister is a polite girl. She ________ forgets to say “please” and “thank you”. A．never B．often C．usually D．always 56．—Is your brother free at weekends? —Yes. He ________ has much work to do. A．often B．seldom C．usually D．always 57．Sun Yingsha loves ping-pong, and she ________ practices it for over 8 hours every day. A．never B．seldom C．sometimes D．always 58．—Why not ask Tim to see a film with you? —He _______ has time to go to the cinema because he is too busy these days. A．often B．always C．sometimes D．seldom 59．Andy ________ goes to bed early because he needs much sleep every day. A．sometimes B．seldom C．always D．never 60．—Why is Daniel so healthy?            —Because he does sports very________. A．always B．often C．never D．seldom 61．Our teacher ________ friendly to us, and we all like her. A．always is B．never is C．is always D．is never 62．He seldom drives his car in the city because the traffic is heavy. A．always B．sometimes C．not often D．never 63．Peter’s mother is worried about him because he is a homebody and ________ never exercises. A．always B．often C．sometimes D．almost 64．—Does your sister often exercise, Tom? —No, she ________ exercises. She is always busy with her schoolwork. A．seldom B．often C．usually D．always 65．—Why do Chinese people ________ cut up (切碎) noodles on their birthdays? —Because the noodles are a symbol (象征) of long life. A．always B．never C．sometimes D．usually 66．— ________ does your brother go swimming? —Three times a week. A．How often B．How many C．How long D．How much 67．Jack ________ goes to school ________ breakfast. It’s bad for him. A．never, without B．often, for C．never, for D．often, without 68．My brother is a policeman. He is ______ busy. A．always B．sometimes C．often D．never 69．—Do you know the story of Dong Lina? —Yes, she can’t see the world, but she ________ stops feeling the world. A．never B．sometimes C．always D．seldom 70．—Did you do ________ this summer? —No, I just stayed at home most of the time to finish my homework. A．something special B．anything special C．special something D．special anything 71．—Is there ________ in today’s newspaper? —No, I don’t see it. A．something special B．anything special C．special something D．special anything 72．—Did you see ________ at China National Tea Museum in Hangzhou? —Yes. I saw many beautiful tea sets and all kinds of tea there. A．something interesting B．everything interesting C．anything interesting D．nothing interesting 73．Next time, I want to do ________. A．something different B．different something C．anything different D．different anything 74．—Would you like ________? —Yes, please. I’m hungry. A．something to drink B．anything to drink C．something to eat D．anything to eat 75．— Would you like ________ to eat? — No, thanks. A．something B．anything C．nothing D．any 76．There is ________ in today’s homework, so you should do it ________. A．nothing difficult; on your own B．difficult nothing; by yourself C．nothing difficult; with your own D．difficult nothing; on your own 77．________ in the house was destroyed in the fire, but luckily no one was hurt. A．Everything B．Anything C．Something D．Nothing 78．—I didn’t have breakfast. I think I’m out of energy now. —Would you like ________? A．something eat B．anything to eat C．something to eat D．eat something 79．—Our English teacher is pretty friendly. —That’s true. I’m sure ________ likes her very much. A．someone B．anyone C．everyone D．no one 80．—Would you like ________ to eat? —Yes, please. A．something B．anything C．nothing D．everything 81．—Do you want to eat Sichuan food or Shanghai food?     —________. I like sweet food. A．Yes, I do B．No, I don’t C．Sichuan food D．Shanghai food 82．—Do you want coffee or tea? —_________. A．Yes, I do B．No, I don’t C．Me too. D．Coffee, please. 83．—Does she have black hair or blonde hair? —________. A．Yes, she does B．Blonde hair C．No, she doesn’t D．Yes, black hair 84．—Do you like Journey to the West ________ The Adventures of Tom Sawyer? —Journey to the West. A．and B．or C．but D．as 85．________ do you prefer, coffee or tea? A．What B．Which C．How D．Whose 86．—Steve, can you play the drums or sing? —________. A．Yes, I can’t B．I can sing C．Sorry, I don’t know D．No, I can 87．— Is he a doctor ________ a teacher? — ________ . A．or; Yes, he is B．and; Yes, he is C．or; he is a doctor D．and; he is a doctor 88．—Can you play the piano or the violin? —________ A．Yes, I can. B．No, I can’t. C．I can play the piano. D．No, I can play the violin. 89．—Can you swim or climb trees? —________. A．Yes, I am B．Yes, I can C．I can swim D．No, I can’t 90．Do you like this bike ________ that bike? A．and B．with C．or 91．His birthday is ________ June 12th and he ________ born in Suzhou. A．in; is B．on; is C．in; was D．on; was 92．She ________ with her aunt three years ago. But now she ________ with her parents. A．live; live B．lives; lives C．lived; lived D．lived; lives 93．Our English teacher, Mr. Ma, __________ English on the radio the day before yesterday. A．teaches B．taught C．will teach D．had taught 94．—Hi, Lucy. You look tired. What’s the matter? —I ________ well last night. A．don’t sleep B．didn’t sleep C．didn’t slept D．won’t sleep 95．________ a lot of students in the school club last night. A．There is B．There are C．There were D．There was 96．_______ you ______ down to the beach so late last night? A．What did make; going B．What made; go C．What do make; to go D．What makes; go 97．—What ________ she ________ in the garden yesterday morning? —She ________ nothing. A．did; find; found B．was; find; find C．did; find; find D．was; found; found 98．There ________ five apples on the table last night, buy now there ________ only one. A．are; is B．are; was C．were; is D．were; was 99．When ________ you ________ your homework? A．were; finish B．are; finish C．did; finish D．do; finished 100．— What did you do last weekend? — We _________ a family picnic. A．have B．had C．will have D．are having $$2024-2025学年七年级上期末考点大串讲（鲁教版五四制） 专题03 重点语法 考点串讲 1. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 询问及描述长相 1. 询问人物的长相、外貌的常用句型: What+ do/ does+ 主语+ look like? 意为“某人长什么样”? —What does he look like? 他长什么样子? —He is short and thin. 他又矮又瘦。 【注意】询问某人的性格品质用“What+ be动词+ 主语+ like? ”结构。 2. (1)在描述人物外貌时可以用be动词, 也可用have/has, 有时两种结构可以相互转换。 Her hair is long. =She has long hair. 她留着一头长发。 (2)在描述人物身材和身高用build与height时, 不要忘记介词of放在be动词之后。 She is of medium height/build. 她中等身高/身材。 3. 主语+wear(s)+glasses/clothes. 用于描述某人戴眼镜或所穿衣物等。 Grandmother Li always wears a pair of glasses. 李奶奶总是戴着一副眼镜。 I often wear a green coat. 我经常穿一件绿色的外套。 选择疑问句 　选择疑问句结构: 一般疑问句+or+被选择部分? 回答时不能使用yes或no, 而是要用or前面或后面的词作为答语。 【注意】 （1）选择疑问句也可用特殊疑问句, 供选择的部分用or连接, or 前读升调 , or后读降调。 —How many pens do you have, one or two? 你有多少钢笔, 一支还是两支? —One. 一支。 (2)or用于否定句中, 意思是“也不”, 用来提出两种或多种事物时表示并列。 I don’t have apples or pears. 我没有苹果和梨。 (3)表示一种否定的条件, 意为“否则”。 Come on, or we’ll be late. 快点, 否则我们要迟到了。 可数名词与不可数名词 1. 名词的数 名词按照可数性可分为可数名词和不可数名词。 可数名词是指名词本身所表示的人或事物是可以直接用数目来计算的, 有复数变化形式。不可数名词是指名词本身所表示的事物一般不能直接用数目来计算。它们分别包括以下几种名词: 可 数 名 词 个体 名词 用来指单个人或单个事物的名词 car 汽车 computer 电脑 集体 名词 用来指一群人或一些事物总称的名词 army 军队 police 警察 不 可 数 名 词 物质 名词 用来指无法分为个体的物质、材料的名词 water 水 bread 面包 抽象 名词 用来指人或事物的品质、情感、状态、动作等抽象概念的名词 love 爱 time 时间 2. 既可作可数名词也可作不可数名词的词 　　有些名词既可作可数名词, 也可作不可数名词, 但意义上有很大区别, 常见的这类名词如下表: 可 数 名 词 不 可 数 名 词 a glass 一个玻璃杯 glass玻璃 a paper 一份报纸 paper 纸 a chicken 一只鸡 chicken 鸡肉 a fish 一条鱼 fish 鱼肉 a room 一个房间 room 空间 a light 一盏灯 light光线 an orange 一个橙子 orange 橙汁 3. 可数名词复数的变化规则 　　可数名词的复数形式一般在词尾加-s或-es, 其规则如下表: 构词法 例词 一般情况, 在词尾直接加-s book—books pen—pens cup—cups 以字母s, x, ch, sh结尾的名词, 在词尾加-es bus—buses box—boxes watch—watches 以辅音字母+y结尾的词 变y为i, 再加-es city—cities　country—countries party—parties 以字母f或fe结尾的词, 变f或fe为v, 再加-es wife—wives life—lives thief—thieves 某些以f结尾的词, 直接加-s roof—roofs belief—beliefs(信念) 以元音字母+y结尾的名词, 直接加-s boy—boys day—days 以o结尾的 可数名词 有生命意义的加-es potato—potatoes tomato—tomatoes 无生命意义的加-s zoo—zoos radio—radios photo—photos 【注意1】 (1)不可数名词可以用量词来表示其数量, 这些量词中的名词是可数的, 有单复数形式。应该注意的是, 无论量词是单数还是复数, 不可数名词都不能有复数形式的变化。 a cup of tea　一杯茶 two bottles of orange　两瓶橙汁 (2)可数名词用how many 来询问数量, 不可数名词用how much 来询问数量。 How many apples are there in the basket? 篮子里有多少苹果? How much milk is there in the bottle? 在这个瓶子里有多少牛奶? 【注意2】 (1)可数名词单数或不可数名词作主语时, 谓语动词用单数形式; 可数名词复数作主语时, 谓语动词用复数形式。 Lily and Lucy are twins. 莉莉和露西是双胞胎。 Water is very important to us. 水对我们来说非常重要。 (2)“量词+of +不可数名词”这一结构作主语时, 谓语动词要和量词的数保持一致。 There are two plates of mutton on the table. 桌子上有两盘羊肉。 There is a glass of water in the fridge. 在冰箱里有一杯水。 一般过去时 一、一般过去时基本用法 1. 一般过去时的定义 　　一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态或过去经常、反复发生的动作。 2. 一般过去时的时间状语 　　一般过去时常和表示过去的时间状语连用, 如yesterday, last night, in 2008, two years ago等。 I watched TV last night. 昨晚我看电视了。 He got there two hours ago. 他两个小时以前到达那里的。 Mary visited Beijing in 2008. 玛丽在2008年参观了北京。 3. 一般过去时的谓语结构 句子谓语结构种类 肯定句 否定句 一般疑问句 be动词 was/were wasn’t/weren’t Was/Were. . . ? 实义动词 动词的过去式 didn’t+动词原形 Did. . . +动词原形. . . ? 4. 动词过去式的构成 　　动词过去式的构成分为规则与不规则两类。规则动词过去式的构成及发音如下表: 类　别 构成方法 例　词 读　音 一般情况 加-ed look—looked 清辅音后读作/t/; 浊辅音和元音后读作/d/; /t/和/d/后面读/Id/ 以e结尾的动词 加-d live—lived　use—used 以重读闭音节结尾的动词, 末尾只有一个辅音字母 双写这个 辅音字母, 再加-ed stop—stopped plan—planned 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词 变y为i再 加-ed study—studied worry—worried 【注意】有很多动词的过去式是不规则的, 本单元出现的不规则动词有: be—was/were, go—went, ride—rode, feed—fed, take—took, see—saw, do—did, grow—grew, eat—ate, buy—bought, can—could, hear—heard, have—had, swim—swam等。 二、一般过去时中的特殊疑问句 1. 特殊疑问句定义 特殊疑问句是由疑问代词(who, what, which)和疑问副词(where, when, why, how)引导的疑问句。 2. 一般过去时的特殊疑问句的类型 (1)含be动词的特殊疑问句。 ①特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+其他? 例如: How was your school trip? 你们的学校旅行怎么样? Why was your mom so angry last night? 昨天晚上你的妈妈为什么那么生气? ②特殊疑问词(主语)+ was/were +其他? 例如: Who was the girl you met last weekend? 上周末你遇到的女孩是谁? Whose bike was broken yesterday? 昨天谁的自行车坏了? (2)含行为动词的特殊疑问句。 ①特殊疑问词+助动词did+主语+动词原形+其他? 例如: Where did you go last summer? 去年夏天你去哪里了? When did the meeting start? 会议什么时候开始的? Why did you clean your house just now? 你刚才为什么打扫你的房屋? ②特殊疑问词(主语)+行为动词的过去式+其他? 例如: Who didn’t do his homework? 谁没做作业? 复合不定代词 频度副词 一般现在时 形容词和副词的比较级 一、形容词和副词的比较级的构成 1. 规则变化 2. 不规则变化 原级 比较级 good/well better bad/badly worse many/much more little less far farther/further 二、形容词和副词的比较级的用法 1. 同级比较 (1)表示 “A与B一样……”的句型: A+谓语+ as+原级+as +B. He is as tall as his mother. 他和他的妈妈一样高。 (2)表示 “A不如B……”的句型: A+ be not+ as/so+原级+as +B. 或者A+ don’t/doesn’t +动词+ as/so+原级+as +B. Tom doesn’t work as/so hard as Mary. 汤姆工作不如玛丽努力。 2. 两者比较 (1)表示 “A比B更……”的句型: A+谓语+ 比较级+ than +B. I am two years older than my brother. 我比我的弟弟大两岁。 (2)表示 “A和B, 哪一个/谁更……? ”的句型: Which/Who+谓语+ 比较级, A or B? Which is bigger, the sun or the moon? 太阳和月亮, 哪个更大? 【注意】形容词和副词的比较级的特殊用法 (1)“比较级+ and+比较级”, 意为“越来越……”; The day is getting cooler and cooler. 天气变得越来越凉爽了。 (2)“the+比较级. . . , the+比较级. . . ”, 意为“越……, 越……”; The busier she is, the happier she feels. 她越忙越高兴。 (3)“the+比较级+of the two”, 意为“两者中较为……的”, 比较级前要加定冠词the。 Jane is the taller of the two girls. 简是两个女孩中个子高的那个。 形容词和副词的最高级 形容词、副词最高级的变化规则 变化规则 示例 一般直接在词尾加-est tall—tallest, short—shortest 以字母e结尾的词直接在词尾加-st nice—nicest, fine—finest 以重读闭音节结尾并且末尾只有一个辅音字母的词, 应先双写该辅音字母再加-est thin—thinnest, fat—fattest 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词, 变y为i再加-est funny—funniest, happy—happiest 多音节词和部分双音节词直接在其前面加most quickly—most quickly, important—most important 不规则变化 bad/badly—worst　many/much—most good/well—best　little—least far—farthest/furthest　old—oldest/eldest 考点精练 单项选择 1．There are many kinds of ________ in the river. You can go ________ there. A．fish; fishing​ B．fishes; fish C．fishes; fishing​ D．fish; to fish 2．—Can you bring ________ home after you finish work? —Sure. A．two kilo of pears B．two kilos of pear C．two kilo of pear D．two kilos of pears 3．Tom never does _______ to keep fit. He always does Maths ________ at home. A．exercises; exercise B．exercises; exercises C．exercise; exercises D．exercise; exercise 4．—Eric, are ________ your ________? —No. They are my sister’s. A．that; photo B．that; photos C．those; photo D．those; photos 5．—I want to buy a card with best ________ for the teacher on Teachers’ Day. —Good idea. Let’s go and ________ one. A．wish; buy B．wishes; to buy C．wishes; buy D．wish; to buy 6．—Can I help you? —Yes, please. I want to buy two ________ for my father. A．pairs of trouser B．pairs of trousers C．pair of trouser D．pair of trousers 7．There ________ lots of ________ on the Internet. A．is; informations B．are; informations C．are; information D．is; information 8．Betty had some notes to take, so he asked for ________. A．a paper B．some papers C．a piece of paper D．some pieces of papers 9．—What is on the basket?   —A few ________, but little ________. A．apples; juice B．juice; apples C．apple; juices D．juices; apple 10．Alex ________ long yellow ________. A．has; hair B．have; hairs C．has; hairs D．have; hair 11．Can you give me________? A．an advice B．some advice C．some advices D．any advices 12．We have ________ in winter. A．snowman B．snowmen C．snowmans D．a snowman 13．––There are many ________ in the sky. ––I think so. It is ________ and it is going to rain soon. A．clouds; cloud B．cloudy; cloudy C．clouds; cloudy D．cloudy; clouds 14．Some ________ teachers are shopping in that ________ shop. A．women; shoe B．women; shoes C．woman; shoe D．woman; shoes 15．There is going to be a basketball match between ________ and ________ tomorrow morning. A．man teacher; boy students B．men teachers; boy students C．man teacher; boy student D．men teachers; boy student 16．—Are there any ________ in the picture? —Yes, there are. A．beef B．mutton C．sheep D．cow 17．—________ pork would you like? —One and a half ________. A．How many; kilo B．How many; kilos C．How much; kilos D．How much; kilo 18．Mum would like to buy some ________ this afternoon. A．bottles of tomato B．boxes of egg C．packets of salt D．piece of bread 19．She is the ________ of the twins. A．tall B．taller C．tallest D．the taller 20．—Which T-shirt is ________, the white one or the grey one? —The white one. It goes together ________ your jeans. A．good; for B．better; with C．best; with D．well; for 21．Kent has a sweet tooth. I think that he needs to eat________ sugar and change his diet. A．much B．more C．some D．less 22．The number of tigers is getting ________. A．small and small B．smaller and smaller C．small and smaller D．smaller and small 23．You need ________ more and watch ________ TV. A．to exercise; little B．to exercise; less C．to exercise; more D．exercising; less 24．—What should I do, doctor?       —You must eat ________ and do ________ exercise. A．much; little B．more; less C．less; more D．much; less 25．Alice speaks English more fluently than ________ in her class. A．any girls B．other girls C．any other girl D．any other girls 26．— Tina, you know what? We can have a dog! — Great! But I prefer to have a cat. It is much _________ to take care of. A．easy B．easier C．easiest D．the easiest 27．To make more money, ________ young people leave their villages to find jobs in the city. A．less and less B．smaller and smaller C．fewer and fewer D．more and more 28．He is one of my best________. A．friend B．friends C．friendly D．a friend 29．Lin Shuhao is one of the best basketball ________ in NBA． A．actors B．players C．player D．writers 30．Shanghai is one of ________ cities in China. A．big B．biggest C．the biggest D．the bigger 31．Tan Dun is one of ________ musicians in the world. I like him very much. A．great B．greater C．greatest D．the greatest 32．It is one of ________ I have ever seen, and I am not interested in it at all. A．the most boring films B．more boring film C．the most boring film D．the more boring films 33．Shanghai is one of ________ in China. A．the bigger city B．the bigger cities C．the biggest city D．the biggest cities 34．The Yangtze River is the ________ river in China. A．long B．longest C．longer D．more long 35．This is one of ________ songs. We all like it very much. A．most popular B．the more popular C．the most popular D．more popular 36．Shanghai is one of ________ in the world. A．the larger city B．the larger cities C．the largest city D．the largest cities 37．6G smartphones work much ________ than 5G ones. A．the fastest B．fastest C．faster D．fast 38．He can draw _________ his teacher. A．as beautiful as B．more beautiful than C．not as beautifully as D．less beautifully than 39．Tom did ________ in math this year than last year. A．good B．well C．best D．better 40．She writes _________ than the other students in her class. A．more carefully B．carefully C．more careful D．careful 41．The Airport Express goes ________ than a bus. A．quicker B．much quick C．much quickly D．more quickly 42．Nancy is very _______. She studies _______ than her sister. A．more hard-working; harder B．hard-working; harder C．more hard-working; hard D．hard-working; hard 43．Four eyes see ________ two. Keep your ears to others’ ideas more. A．more than B．less than C．too much D．much too 44．My brother used to go to school ________ than other students. A．much early B．much earlier C．more earlier D．more early 45．Autumn came and the ant worked _______. A．hard and hard B．harder and harder C．hard and harder D．more and more hard 46．Of all the students, Lucy lives the ________ from the school. A．farther B．farthest C．far D．more far 47．Who usually comes to school ________ in your class? A．early B．earliest C．earlier D．the early 48．Which do you like _________, pandas, deer or tigers? A．good B．well C．better D．best 49．He works ________ in his class. A．harder B．hardest C．the most hard D．the harder 50．Who do you like ________, the English teacher, the math teacher or the Chinese teacher? A．best B．well C．good D．fine 51．Which do you like ________, bread, eggs or sandwiches? A．better B．best C．well D．much 52．Who draws ________, Lily, Linda or Peter? A．good B．well C．better D．best 53．Who runs _________, Lucy, Mary or Alice? A．fast B．faster C．fastest D．the most fast 54．—Which travels ________, a bus, a train or a plane? —A plane. A．more quickly B．most quickly C．quicker D．the quickest 55．My sister is a polite girl. She ________ forgets to say “please” and “thank you”. A．never B．often C．usually D．always 56．—Is your brother free at weekends? —Yes. He ________ has much work to do. A．often B．seldom C．usually D．always 57．Sun Yingsha loves ping-pong, and she ________ practices it for over 8 hours every day. A．never B．seldom C．sometimes D．always 58．—Why not ask Tim to see a film with you? —He _______ has time to go to the cinema because he is too busy these days. A．often B．always C．sometimes D．seldom 59．Andy ________ goes to bed early because he needs much sleep every day. A．sometimes B．seldom C．always D．never 60．—Why is Daniel so healthy?            —Because he does sports very________. A．always B．often C．never D．seldom 61．Our teacher ________ friendly to us, and we all like her. A．always is B．never is C．is always D．is never 62．He seldom drives his car in the city because the traffic is heavy. A．always B．sometimes C．not often D．never 63．Peter’s mother is worried about him because he is a homebody and ________ never exercises. A．always B．often C．sometimes D．almost 64．—Does your sister often exercise, Tom? —No, she ________ exercises. She is always busy with her schoolwork. A．seldom B．often C．usually D．always 65．—Why do Chinese people ________ cut up (切碎) noodles on their birthdays? —Because the noodles are a symbol (象征) of long life. A．always B．never C．sometimes D．usually 66．— ________ does your brother go swimming? —Three times a week. A．How often B．How many C．How long D．How much 67．Jack ________ goes to school ________ breakfast. It’s bad for him. A．never, without B．often, for C．never, for D．often, without 68．My brother is a policeman. He is ______ busy. A．always B．sometimes C．often D．never 69．—Do you know the story of Dong Lina? —Yes, she can’t see the world, but she ________ stops feeling the world. A．never B．sometimes C．always D．seldom 70．—Did you do ________ this summer? —No, I just stayed at home most of the time to finish my homework. A．something special B．anything special C．special something D．special anything 71．—Is there ________ in today’s newspaper? —No, I don’t see it. A．something special B．anything special C．special something D．special anything 72．—Did you see ________ at China National Tea Museum in Hangzhou? —Yes. I saw many beautiful tea sets and all kinds of tea there. A．something interesting B．everything interesting C．anything interesting D．nothing interesting 73．Next time, I want to do ________. A．something different B．different something C．anything different D．different anything 74．—Would you like ________? —Yes, please. I’m hungry. A．something to drink B．anything to drink C．something to eat D．anything to eat 75．— Would you like ________ to eat? — No, thanks. A．something B．anything C．nothing D．any 76．There is ________ in today’s homework, so you should do it ________. A．nothing difficult; on your own B．difficult nothing; by yourself C．nothing difficult; with your own D．difficult nothing; on your own 77．________ in the house was destroyed in the fire, but luckily no one was hurt. A．Everything B．Anything C．Something D．Nothing 78．—I didn’t have breakfast. I think I’m out of energy now. —Would you like ________? A．something eat B．anything to eat C．something to eat D．eat something 79．—Our English teacher is pretty friendly. —That’s true. I’m sure ________ likes her very much. A．someone B．anyone C．everyone D．no one 80．—Would you like ________ to eat? —Yes, please. A．something B．anything C．nothing D．everything 81．—Do you want to eat Sichuan food or Shanghai food?     —________. I like sweet food. A．Yes, I do B．No, I don’t C．Sichuan food D．Shanghai food 82．—Do you want coffee or tea? —_________. A．Yes, I do B．No, I don’t C．Me too. D．Coffee, please. 83．—Does she have black hair or blonde hair? —________. A．Yes, she does B．Blonde hair C．No, she doesn’t D．Yes, black hair 84．—Do you like Journey to the West ________ The Adventures of Tom Sawyer? —Journey to the West. A．and B．or C．but D．as 85．________ do you prefer, coffee or tea? A．What B．Which C．How D．Whose 86．—Steve, can you play the drums or sing? —________. A．Yes, I can’t B．I can sing C．Sorry, I don’t know D．No, I can 87．— Is he a doctor ________ a teacher? — ________ . A．or; Yes, he is B．and; Yes, he is C．or; he is a doctor D．and; he is a doctor 88．—Can you play the piano or the violin? —________ A．Yes, I can. B．No, I can’t. C．I can play the piano. D．No, I can play the violin. 89．—Can you swim or climb trees? —________. A．Yes, I am B．Yes, I can C．I can swim D．No, I can’t 90．Do you like this bike ________ that bike? A．and B．with C．or 91．His birthday is ________ June 12th and he ________ born in Suzhou. A．in; is B．on; is C．in; was D．on; was 92．She ________ with her aunt three years ago. But now she ________ with her parents. A．live; live B．lives; lives C．lived; lived D．lived; lives 93．Our English teacher, Mr. Ma, __________ English on the radio the day before yesterday. A．teaches B．taught C．will teach D．had taught 94．—Hi, Lucy. You look tired. What’s the matter? —I ________ well last night. A．don’t sleep B．didn’t sleep C．didn’t slept D．won’t sleep 95．________ a lot of students in the school club last night. A．There is B．There are C．There were D．There was 96．_______ you ______ down to the beach so late last night? A．What did make; going B．What made; go C．What do make; to go D．What makes; go 97．—What ________ she ________ in the garden yesterday morning? —She ________ nothing. A．did; find; found B．was; find; find C．did; find; find D．was; found; found 98．There ________ five apples on the table last night, buy now there ________ only one. A．are; is B．are; was C．were; is D．were; was 99．When ________ you ________ your homework? A．were; finish B．are; finish C．did; finish D．do; finished 100．— What did you do last weekend? — We _________ a family picnic. A．have B．had C．will have D．are having 参考答案 1．C 【解析】句意：河里有许多种类的鱼，你可以去那钓鱼。 考查名词的数和动词短语。根据“many kinds of ”可知这里表示很多种类的鱼，“fish”强调种类的时候可数，故这里用复数；根据“You can go”可知这里考查短语go fishing“去钓鱼”。故选C。 2．D 【解析】句意：——你下班后能带两公斤梨回家吗？——当然。 考查可数名词的数。pear为可数名词，应用复数形式，two接kilo的复数形式，所以两公斤的梨的正确表达是“two kilos of pears”。故选D。 3．C 【解析】句意：汤姆从不为了保持健康而做运动。他总是在家里做数学练习。 考查名词用法。exercise表示“运动”时一般认为不可数，表示“习题，练习”为可数名词。根据“keep fit”可知，第一空指做运动，根据“Maths”可知，第二空表示数学题。故选C。 4．D 【解析】句意：——Eric，那些是你的书吗？ ——不。它们是我妹妹的。 考查代词辨析和名词复数。that那个；those那些；photo照片。根据“They are”可知，问句应该使用复数形式，第一空用those，第二空用photos。故选D。 5．C 【解析】句意：——在教师节我想买一张带有最美好的祝福的卡片送给老师。——好主意。我们去买一张吧。 考查名词和非谓语动词。wish“祝愿”，名词，常用复数形式表示祝福，best wishes表示“最美好的祝愿”；let sb do sth“让某人做某事”，动词应用原形。故选C。 6．B 【解析】句意：——我能帮你吗？——请帮我。我想为我爸爸买两条裤子。 考查名词的数。trousers表示一条裤子时，需用“a pair of trousers”；表示多条裤子时，用“pairs of trousers”。数词two后跟名词复数。故选B。 7．D 【解析】句意：互联网上有很多信息。 考查there be句型及不可数名词。根据“There … lots of … on the Internet.”可知，该句为there be句型，“information”为不可数名词，即“lots of information”为第三人称单数，be动词应用is。故选D。 8．C 【解析】句意：Betty有些笔记要记，所以他要了一张纸。 考查不可数名词。paper“纸”，不可数名词，用量词piece修饰，a piece of paper“一张纸”符合句意，故选C。 9．A 【解析】句意：——篮子上有什么？——几个苹果，但果汁很少。 考查名词辨析。apples苹果，可数名词复数；juice果汁，不可数名词；apple苹果，名词单数；juices果汁，表达错误。根据“A few…but little…”可知，有几个苹果，但果汁很少。a few“一些”，后跟可数名词复数形式；little“少许”，后跟不可数名词。故选A。 10．A 【解析】句意：Alex有一头黄色长发。 考查主谓一致及名词单复数。have“有”，动词。时态是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单三形式has。hair“头发”，不可数名词，无复数形式。故选A。 11．B 【解析】句意：你能给我一些建议吗？ 考查不可数名词。an advice 错误用法；some advice 一些建议；some advices 错误用法；any advices 错误用法。advice “建议”，是不可数名词，故不与冠词an使用，也没有复数形式。故选B。 12．B 【解析】句意：冬天我们有雪人。 考查名词复数。snowman雪人；snowmen雪人，复数；snowmans错误表达；a snowman一个雪人。根据“We have...in winter.”可知，此处泛指“雪人”，应用其复数形式snowmen。故选B。 13．C 【解析】句意：——天空中有许多云。——我想是的。今天多云，马上就要下雨了。 考查单词辨析。clouds云；cloudy多云的。第一空需要一个名词，many修饰名词复数形式，选择clouds；第二空需要形容词作表语，描述天气情况，应该选择cloudy。故选C。 14．A 【解析】句意：一些女老师在这个鞋店买鞋子。 考查复合名词的复数及名词用法。women女士，woman的复数形式；shoe鞋子；shoes鞋子的复数。woman与其他名词组合的复合名词，变复数时要两个名词都变，一些女老师“some women teahcers”；名词作定语要用单数形式，shoe shops“鞋店”。故选A。 15．B 【解析】句意：明天上午将有一场男老师和男学生之间的篮球赛。 考查复合名词。当man和woman作定语修饰名词表示复数时，man和woman也要变成复数形式men和women，所以“男老师” 的复数形式是“men teachers”。其他名词作定语时，通常用单数形式，所以“男学生”的复数形式是“boy students”。故选B。 16．C 【解析】句意：——图中有羊吗？——是的，有。 考查名词词义辨析。beef牛肉，不可数名词；mutton羊肉，不可数名词；sheep羊，可数名词，单复同形；cow奶牛，可数名词单数。根据“Are there any…in the picture?”，结合选项可知，此处应该提问图中有没有羊，该句是there be 句型，此处be动词是are，所以此处填入可数名词复数sheep。故选C。 17．C 【解析】句意：——你要多少猪肉？——1.5千克。 考查特殊疑问词和名词。How many“多少”，对可数名词复数提问；How much“多少”，对不可数名词提问。pork意为“猪肉”，是不可数名词，用How much提问；“one and a half”数量大于1，kilo要加s。故选C。 18．C 【解析】句意：妈妈今天下午想买几包盐。 考查名词的数。bottles of tomato表达错误；boxes of egg表达错误；packets of salt几包盐；piece of bread表达错误。根据“buy some…”可知，应用“boxes of eggs”。故选C。 19．B 【解析】句意：她是双胞胎中个子较高的那个。 考查比较级。根据“of the twins”可知，此处指的是两个人中较高的那个，填比较级，设空处前有定冠词the，接比较级taller，特指高的那个。故选B。 20．B 【解析】句意：——哪件T恤更好，白色的还是灰色的？——白色的那个。它和你的牛仔裤很配。 考查形容词比较级的用法和介词辨析。good好的，形容词原级；better更好，比较级；best最好，最高级；well好，副词原级；for为了；with和。根据“the white one or the grey one”可知，此处是两者之间的比较，应用比较级，所以第一空应选better；结合选项和第二空前的goes together可知，本题考查短语go together with“与……相配”，所以第二空应选with。故选B。 21．D 【解析】句意：Kent爱吃甜食。我认为他需要少吃糖并改变饮食。 考查代词和比较级。much很多；more更多；some一些；less更少。根据“Kent has a sweet tooth”和“change his diet.”可知，爱吃甜食不好，所以需要少吃糖，应用less。故选D。 22．B 【解析】句意：老虎的数量越来越少。 考查形容词比较级。比较级+and+比较级表示“越来越……”，small的比较级为smaller。故选B。 23．B 【解析】句意：你需要多锻炼，少看电视。 考查动词短语。to exercise锻炼，不定式；exercising锻炼，现在分词；little一点；less更少；more更多。need to do sth.“需要做某事”，动词短语；and表示并列连接，因此第二个空处应用比较级，表达“少看电视”。故选B。 24．C 【解析】句意：——我应该怎么办，医生？——你必须少吃，多锻炼。 考查副词和形容词的比较级。much非常；little很少；more更多的；less更少。根据“You must eat …and do …exercise.”可知，医生建议患者少吃东西，多做锻炼，两个空均为比较级，用副词less修饰动词eat；用形容词more修饰名词exercise。故选C。 25．C 【解析】句意：爱丽丝说英语比她班上的任何其他女孩都说得更流利。 考查比较级的用法。在比较级中，当主语与比较对象属于同一范围时，需要把自身排除在外，常用“any other + 单数名词”结构来表示同一范围内除自身之外的其他个体。这里爱丽丝和她班上的女孩属于同一班级这个范围，所以要用“any other + 单数名词”，即“any other girl”，故选C。 26．B 【解析】句意：——Tina，你知道吗？我们可以养狗！——太好了！但我更喜欢养一只猫。它更容易照顾。 考查形容词比较级。easy容易的，原级；easier更容易的，比较级；easiest最容易的，最高级；the easiest最容易的，最高级前加the。根据“Great! But I prefer to have a cat. It is much...”可知，空处是指猫和狗相比，猫更容易照顾，需比较级。much放在比较级前修饰比较级，故选B。 27．D 【解析】句意：为了赚更多的钱，越来越多的年轻人离开农村到城市找工作。 考查比较级。less and less越来越少；smaller and smaller越来越小；fewer and fewer越来越少；more and more越来越多。根据“To make more money”可知，为了赚钱，越来越多的年轻人离开农村到城市找工作。故选D。 28．B 【解析】句意：他是我最好的朋友之一。 考查名词复数。one of后面应接可数名词复数形式，表达“……之一”的意思，因此用friends，其他选项不符合，故选B。 29．B 【解析】句意：林书豪是NBA最好的篮球运动员之一。 考查名词辨析。actors演员；players运动员；player运动员；writers作家。根据“Lin Shuhao is one of the best basketball”可知，应该说林书豪是运动员，该句考查one of+形容词最高级+名词复数“最……之一”。故选B。 30．C 【解析】句意：上海是中国最大的城市之一。 考查最高级。此处是结构one of the+最高级+名词复数“最……的……之一”。故选C。 31．D 【解析】句意：谭盾是世界上最伟大的音乐家之一。我非常喜欢他。 考查形容词的最高级。“one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”表示“最……的……之一”，此处用the greatest。故选D。 32．A 【解析】句意：这是我看过的最无聊的电影之一，我对它一点也不感兴趣。 考查形容词的最高级及名词。the most boring最无聊的；more boring更无聊的。根据“I have ever seen”可知，此处将这部电影和我看过的所有电影对比，应该用最高级，根据“one of”可知，后加复数名词表示范围。故选A。 33．D 【解析】句意：上海是中国最大的城市之一。 考查形容词最高级。根据“Shanghai is one of...in China.”及结合选项可知，此处表示上海是中国最大的城市之一，可用“one of+形容词最高级+名词复数”，表示“最……之一”，所以此空应是the biggest cities。故选D。 34．B 【解析】句意：长江是中国最长的河流。 考查最高级。根据“ the ... river in China”可知是中国最长的河流，用最高级。故选B。 35．C 【解析】句意：这是最受欢迎的歌曲之一。我们都非常喜欢它。 考查形容词最高级。根据“This is one of…songs.”可知，考查one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数，意为“最……之一”。故选C。 36．D 【解析】句意：上海是世界上最大的城市之一。 考查形容词最高级及名词复数。“one of+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”表示“……最……之一”，所以空格处是“the largest cities”，表示“最大的城市之一”。故选D。 37．C 【解析】句意：6G智能手机的工作速度比5G智能手机快得多。 考查比较级。“than”是表示比较的连接词，因此此处要用比较级形式。选项中“faster”是“fast”的比较级，故选C。 38．D 【解析】句意：他不如他的老师画得漂亮。 考查比较级和副词用法。本句中draw为动词，应用副词来修饰，故可排除A、B两项。再结合C项中not as...as中的否定词not应该放在本句中情态动词can的后面，因此C项也可以排除。故选D。 39．D 【解析】句意：汤姆今年的数学考试比去年考得好。 考查副词的比较级。good好的；well好；best最好的；better更好的。根据“than”和“did”可知，此处用副词的比较级，better是well的比较级形式，意为“更好”。故选D。 40．A 【解析】句意：她比班上其他学生写得更仔细。 考查副词的比较级。more carefully更仔细地，副词比较级；carefully仔细地，副词原级；more careful更仔细的，形容词的比较级；careful仔细的，形容词原级。than是比较级的标志词，根据副词修饰动词的用法，应是副词认真地carefully的比较级，多音节的比较级在副词前加more。故选A。 41．D 【解析】句意：机场快线比公共汽车快。 考查比较级。根据“than”可知，应用比较级；再根据“goes”是动词可知，应用副词quickly修饰，其比较级为more quickly。故选D。 42．B 【解析】句意：南希很勤奋。她比她的姐姐学习更努力。 考查形容词和副词的用法。hard-working努力的，形容词；hard努力地，副词。根据“She studies...than her sister.”可知，此处指努力工作的；根据“than ”可知，此处用副词比较级harder。故选B。 43．A 【解析】四只眼睛比两只眼睛看得多。保持你的耳朵听取更多其他人的意见。 考查比较级。more than多于，比……多；less than少于；too much太多；much too太。根据“Four eyes see...two.”可知，是四只眼睛比两只眼睛看得多，两者进行比较，应用比较级。故选A。 44．B 【解析】句意：我的哥哥过去常常比其他学生更早上学。 考查比较级以及比较级的修饰词。early早；earlier早些时候，早期的，early的比较级；much earlier早得多。空后单词“than比”是使用比较级的标志词，much修饰earlier，强调程度高。故选B。 45．B 【解析】句意：秋天来了，蚂蚁工作越来越努力了。 考查副词比较级。根据语境及选项可推知，本题考查“比较级 + and + 比较级”表达“越来越……”，副词hard比较级为harder。故选B。 46．B 【解析】句意：在所有学生中，露西住得离学校最远。 考查副词的最高级。farther更远，比较级；farthest最远，最高级；far远，原级。根据“Of all the students”可知，是三者或三者以上的比较，空格处要用最高级，far的最高级形式是farthest。故选B。 47．B 【解析】句意：你们班谁通常到得最早？ 考查最高级。early提早，原级；earliest最高级；earlier比较级。根据“in your class”可知，此处是在三者以上进行比较，应用最高级。故选B。 48．D 【解析】句意：熊猫、鹿和老虎，你最喜欢哪一个？ 考查副词最高级。good好的；well好；better更好地；best最好地。根据“pandas, deer or tigers”可知，后面的名词是三个，是三者之间的比较，所以要用最高级best，like best意思是“最喜欢”。故选D。 49．B 【解析】句意：他在他的班里学习最努力。 考查最高级。harder更努力地，比较级；hardest最努力地，最高级；the most hard错误表达；the harder定冠词+比较级。根据“in his class”可知，在全班范围内比较，使用最高级。故选B。 50．A 【解析】句意：你最喜欢谁，英语老师、数学老师还是语文老师？ 考查最高级。根据“the English teacher, the math teacher or the Chinese teacher”可知，是三者比较，应用最高级best。故选A。 51．B 【解析】句意：你最喜欢吃什么，面包、鸡蛋还是三明治？ 考查最高级。better更好，比较级；best最好，最高级；well好地，副词；much非常，副词。根据“bread, eggs or sandwiches”可知，此处是三者进行比较，应用best；like...best表示“最喜欢……”。故选B。 52．D 【解析】句意：莉莉、琳达和彼得，谁画得最好？ 考查副词最高级。good好，形容词原级；well好地，副词原级；better更好地，副词比较级；best更好地，副词最高级。根据“Who draws…, Lily, Linda or Peter”可知，修饰动词draw应用副词，三人之间比较用副词最高级。故选D。 53．C 【解析】句意：谁跑得最快，露西，玛丽还是爱丽丝？ 考查副词最高级。根据“Lucy,  Mary  or  Alice”可知是三者比较级，所以用最高级；fast的最高级是fastest，副词最高级前的 the可以省略，故选C。 54．B 【解析】句意：——公交车、火车或飞机，哪一个行驶速度最快？——飞机。 考查副词最高级。more quickly较快地，副词比较级；most quickly最快地，副词最高级；quicker较快的，形容词比较级；the quickest最快的，形容词最高级。空格处应该填副词的quickly修饰动词travels。根据“a bus, a train or a plane”可知，三者之间进行比较，要用quickly的最高级。故选B。 55．A 【解析】句意：我妹妹是一个有礼貌的女孩。她从来没有  忘记说“请”和“谢谢”。 考查副词辨析。never从不；often经常；usually通常；always总是。由“My sister is a polite girl”可知，此处应是指从来没有忘记说“请”和“谢谢”。故选A。 56．B 【解析】句意：——你的弟弟在周末有时间吗？——是的。他很少有太多的家庭作业。 考查频度副词。often经常；seldom很少；usually通常；always总是。根据“Yes.”可知，周末我的弟弟有时间，因为他很少有太多的家庭作业。故选B。 57．D 【解析】句意：孙颖莎喜欢乒乓球，她总是每天练习8个多小时。 考查频度副词。never从不；seldom几乎不；sometimes有时候；always总是。根据“Sun Yingsha loves ping-pong”可知，她喜欢乒乓球，因此她总是每天练习8个多小时。故选D。 58．D 【解析】句意：——为什么不请蒂姆和你一起去看电影呢？ ——他这些天太忙了，所以很少有时间去看电影。 考查频率副词。often经常；always总是；sometimes有时；seldom很少。根据“because he is too busy these days”可知，此处表示否定，应该是很少有时间去看电影。故选D。 59．C 【解析】句意：安迪总是很早上床睡觉因为他每天都需要很多睡眠。 考查副词辨析。sometimes有时；seldom很少；always总是；never从不。根据“because he needs much sleep every day”可知，每天都需要很多睡眠，由此推出总是很早睡觉，用always符合语境。故选C。 60．B 【解析】句意：——丹尼尔为什么这么健康？——因为他经常做运动。 考查副词辨析。always总是；often经常；never从不；seldom很少。结合“Because he does sports very...”和固定搭配“very often经常”可知，因为他经常做运动。故选B。 61．C 【解析】句意：我们的老师总是对我们友好，我们都喜欢她。 考查副词辨析和频度副词的位置。always总是；never决不。结合“We all like her.”可以推测出老师总是对我们友好，频度副词放在系动词的后面，故选C。 62．C 【解析】句意：在城市里，他很少开车，因为交通太拥堵了。 考查频度副词。always总是；sometimes有时候；not often并不经常；never从不。seldom“几乎不，很少”，同义词not often。故选C。 63．D 【解析】句意：皮特的妈妈很担心他，因为他是一个恋家的男孩，几乎不做运动。 考查频度副词。always总是；often经常；sometimes有时候；almost几乎。根据“Peter’s mother is worried about him ...never exercises”可知，他几乎不锻炼，选项D符合题意。故选D。 64．A 【解析】句意：——汤姆，你妹妹经常锻炼吗？——不，她很少锻炼。她总是忙于功课。 考查副词辨析。seldom很少；often经常；usually通常；always总是。根据“She is always busy with her schoolwork.”可知，她总是忙于功课，因此很少锻炼。故选A。 65．B 【解析】句意：——为什么中国人从不在生日那天切碎面条？——因为面条是长寿的象征。 考查频度副词辨析。always一直；never从不；sometimes有时候；usually通常。根据答句“Because they are a symbol of long life”以及常识可知，在中国，生日面条象征着长寿，是不切断的。故选B。 66．A 【解析】句意：——你的弟弟多久去游泳一次?——一周三次。 考查特殊疑问词。How often多久一次；How many多少；How long多长时间；How much多少钱。根据答语“Three times a week.”可知，此处对频率进行提问，因此用“How often”提问。故选A。 67．D 【解析】句意：杰克经常不吃早餐就去上学。这对他不好。 考查副词辨析和介词辨析。never从不；without没有；often经常；for为了。该句描述经常性的动作，为一般现在时，根据“It’s bad for him.”可知，应该说他经常不吃早餐就去上学，第一空填often“经常”；第二空填without breakfast“不吃早餐”。故选D。 68．A 【解析】句意：我哥哥是个警察。他总是很忙。 考查副词词义辨析。always总是；sometimes有时；often经常；never从不。根据“My brother is a policeman. He is … busy.”可知，警察总是很忙。故选A。 69．A 【解析】句意：——你知道董丽娜的故事吗？——是的，她看不见这个世界，但她从未停止感受这个世界。 考查副词辨析。never从不；sometimes有时；always总是；seldom很少。根据“she can’t see the world, but...”可知，董丽娜虽然看不见，但一直在感受世界，应用never表示“从不停止”。故选A。 70．B 【解析】句意：——这个夏天你做了什么特别的事吗？ ——不，我大部分时间都只是待在家里完成作业。 考查不定代词。something某事，常用于肯定句；anything任何事，常用于否定句、疑问句。空格所在句为一般疑问句，应用anything，排除A、C。形容词修饰复合不定代词时应后置，排除D。故选B。 71．B 【解析】句意：——今天的报纸上有什么特别的吗？——不，我没有看到。 考查复合不定代词和定语后置。something一些事；anything任何事；special特别的，形容词。形容词修饰不定代词时应后置，且在疑问句中，表示一些事物用anything。故选B。 72．C 【解析】句意：——你在杭州的中国国家茶叶博物馆看到什么有趣的东西了吗？——是的。我在那里看到了许多漂亮的茶具和各种各样的茶。 考查不定代词辨析。something某事，某物，常用于肯定句中；everything所有事物；anything任何事物，常用于否定句或疑问句中；nothing没有什么。根据“Did you see…at China National Tea Museum in Hangzhou?”可知，句子是疑问句，此处在询问有没有看到什么有趣的事物，用anything interesting。故选C。 73．A 【解析】句意：下次，我想做点不一样的事。 考查不定代词的用法。something用作肯定句中；anything一般用于否定句或疑问句中；当形容词修饰不定代词时，形容词要后置，所以different something和different anything的表达形式是错误的。根据“Next time, I want to do...”，可知这里是肯定的语境，所以要用something。故选A。 74．C 【解析】句意：——你想要吃点东西吗？——是的。我饿了。 考查复合不定代词的用法及动词辨析。根据答语“I’m hungry.”可知提问的是吃的东西，应用“to eat”，排除选项A和B；“Would you like…”句型表示建议，想得到对方的肯定回答，此时疑问句中应用“something”。故选C。 75．A 【解析】句意：——你想要点吃的吗？——不，谢谢。 考查不定代词辨析。something某物，某事，一般用于肯定句，但在表示请求、建议、希望得到对方肯定回答的一般疑问句中，也用something；anything任何事物，一般用于否定句和疑问句；nothing没有什么；any任何，一般用于否定句和疑问句。根据“Would you like…to eat?”可知，此处是表示建议的一般疑问句，所以应该用something。故选A。 76．A 【解析】句意：今天的作业中没有什么困难的，所以你应该独立完成。 考查定语后置和介词短语。nothing difficult表示“没有什么困难”，形容词修饰不定代词需后置，可排除BD选项；on your own独自地、靠自己；with your own用你自己的……，后跟名词。根据“so you should do it”可知，是指要独立完成作业。故选A。 77．A 【解析】句意：房子里的一切都在火灾中被毁，但幸运的是没有人受伤。 考查不定代词辨析。Everything一切；Anything任何东西；Something一些东西；Nothing没有东西。根据“but luckily no one was hurt”可知，前后句意是转折关系，由此可判断房间里的一切都在火灾中被毁掉了。故选A。 78．C 【解析】句意：——我没有吃早餐。我觉得我现在没有能量了。——你想吃点东西吗？ 考查不定代词及动词不定式。something某事，一般用于肯定句，或希望得到对方肯定回答的疑问句中；anything任何事情，一般用于否定句或疑问句。根据“Would you like...”可知，此句是希望得到对方肯定回答的疑问句，应用something，排除B；另外应用动词不定式修饰不定代词作定语，放在代词后面。故选C。 79．C 【解析】句意：——我们的英语老师很友好。——那是真的。我相信每个人都很喜欢她。 考查代词辨析。someone某人；anyone任何人；everyone所有人，每个人；no one没有人。根据“pretty friendly”可知，老师很友好，所以每个人都喜欢她。故选C。 80．A 【解析】句意：——你想吃点什么吗？——是的，请给我一些。 考查代词辨析。something某物，用于肯定句或希望对方给予肯定答复的疑问句中；anything任何东西，用于疑问句及否定句中；nothing没有什么；everything一切。根据“Would you like ... to eat?”可知，此处是希望得到对方肯定回答的疑问句，用something。故选A。 81．D 【解析】句意：——你想要吃四川菜还是上海菜？——上海菜。我喜欢甜食。 考查选择疑问句。Yes, I do是的，我是；No, I don’t不，我不是；Sichuan food四川菜；Shanghai food上海菜。根据“Do you want to eat Sichuan food or Shanghai food? ”可知，选择疑问句不用yes或no回答，而是选择or前面或是后面的一个回答；根据“I like sweet food.”可知，四川菜辣，应该是喜欢上海菜。故选D。 82．D 【解析】句意：——你想要咖啡还是茶？——请给我咖啡。 考查情景交际和选择疑问句。问句是选择疑问句，不能用yes或no回答，排除AB；Me too表示“我也是”，不符合语境，排除；D选项“请给我咖啡”符合。故选D。 83．B 【解析】句意：——她有黑色头发还是金色头发？——金色头发。 考查选择疑问句的回答。根据“black hair or blonde hair”可知，此处为选择疑问句，不可用Yes或No进行作答，而需从两个选项中选择一个进行回答，或者同时肯定两个选项，或同时否定两个选项。结合选项可知，选项B符合题意。故选B。 84．B 【解析】——你喜欢《西游记》还是《汤姆索亚历险记》？——《西游记》。 考查选择疑问句。and和；or或者；but但是；as作为。根据问句的答语“Journey to the West.”可知，前面的问句应为选择疑问句，即问句问的是“你喜欢《西游记》还是《汤姆索亚历险记》？”所以，《西游记》和《汤姆索亚历险记》之间为选择关系，应该用or进行连接。故选B。 85．B 【解析】句意：咖啡或茶，你更喜欢哪一个？ 考查疑问代词。what什么；which哪一个；how怎样；whose谁的。由coffee or tea可知，为两者间的选择，应用which，故选B。 86．B 【解析】句意：——Steve，你会打鼓还是会唱歌？——我会唱歌。 考查选择疑问句。问句是一个选择疑问句，询问Steve会打鼓还是会唱歌，答语应选择其中一种，故B项正确。故选B。 87．C 【解析】句意：—— 他是一个医生还是一个老师？—— 他是一个医生。 考查选择疑问句。or或者，用于选择疑问句中；and和，用于肯定句中。根据“Is he a doctor … a teacher”可知，问句是选择疑问句，选择疑问句回答不需要使用yes和no。故选C。 88．C 【解析】句意：——你会弹钢琴还是会拉小提琴？——我会弹钢琴。 考查选择疑问句的回答。Yes, I can是的，我会；No, I can’t不，我不会；I can play the piano我会弹钢琴；No, I can play the violin不，我会拉小提琴。根据“Can you play the piano or the violin?”可知选择疑问句不用Yes/No回答，排除ABD。故选C。 89．C 【解析】句意：——你会游泳还是爬树？——我会游泳。 考查选择疑问句。根据“Can you swim or climb trees”可知此处回答是会游泳还是爬树，选项C符合。故选C。 90．C 【解析】句意：你喜欢这辆自行车还是那辆自行车？ 考查并列连词。and和；with和……一起；or或者，还是。根据“Do you like this bike...that bike?”可知，此句是选择疑问句，应用or连接。故选C。 91．D 【解析】句意：他的生日是6月12日，他出生在苏州。 考查介词和动词时态。in用于月份或年份前；on用于具体的日期前。根据“June 12th”可知第一空具体到了某一天，填介词on；根据“he…born in Suzhou.”可知，该句是一般过去时，be动词填过去式was。故选D。 92．D 【解析】句意：三年前她和她阿姨住在一起。但现在她和父母住在一起。 考查时态。根据“three yeas ago”可知第一句用一般过去时，第一空用过去式lived；再由“now”可知第二句用一般现在时，主语she后接动词第三人称单数形式lives。故选D。 93．B 【解析】句意：我们的英语老师，马老师，前天在广播上教英语。 考查动词时态。根据时间状语“the day before yesterday”可知，此处应该用一般过去时。故选B。 94．B 【解析】句意：——嗨，露西。你看起来很累。怎么了？——昨天晚上我没有睡好。 考查时态及否定句。根据“last night”可知用一般过去时，排除AD，助动词didn’t后接动词原形。故选B。 95．C 【解析】句意：昨晚学校俱乐部里有很多学生。 考查动词时态以及there be句型。主语students是复数形式，根据“last night”可知，此句是一般过去时，be应用were，故选C。 96．B 【解析】句意：是什么让你昨晚这么晚去海滩？ 考查特殊疑问句及使役动词。make sb do sth“使某人做某事”，make后面用动词原形go，根据last night可知，时态为一般过去时，make应用过去式made。故选B。 97．A 【解析】句意：——她昨天早上在花园里找到了什么？——她什么也没找到。 考查一般过去时。根据“yesterday morning”可知，句子的时态为一般过去时；find为实义动词，所以特殊疑问词what后用助动词did，而不是was，第一个空填did；助动词后用动词原形，第二个空填find；答句也要用一般过去时，第三个空填found。故选A。 98．C 【解析】句意：昨天晚上桌子上有五个苹果，但现在只有一个。 考查谓语动词的时态。根据时间last night和now可知第一空用过去时态，主语five apples是复数，故系动词用were；第二空用一般现在时态，主语only one是第三人称单数，故系动词用is。故选C。 99．C 【解析】句意：你什么时候完成了你的作业？ 考查一般过去时的特殊疑问句。特殊疑问句结构为：疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其他？finish“完成”，动词，且本句时态为一般过去时，因此前边要用助动词did。故选C。 100．B 【解析】句意：——你上周末做了什么？——我们全家去野餐了。 考查动词的时态。have一般现在时；had一般过去时；will have一般将来时；are having现在进行时。根据“What did you do last weekend?”可知，句子的时态为一般过去时。故选B。 $$