期末培优02 阅读理解分类精练（十二大类）-2024-2025学年九年级英语上学期期末复习重难点突破（牛津译林版）

学科网 学种网要创,让学习更答易! www.zxxx.5o JP.ZXXK.COM 学科网精品频道全力推荐 期末培优02阅读理解分类精练(十二大类) (参考答案) 1. C 2. A 3.B 4.C 5. C 6. C 7. D 8. B 9. C 10. A 11. C 0 12. D 13.C 16.C 14.C 15.A 17.C 18.B 19.C 20. D 21.D 22.C 23. A 24. D 26. C 25. B 27. D 28. D 29. B 效 30. B 31.B 34.C 32.A 33. C ,效 35.D 36.A 37. D 38. A 39. B 40. D 41.C 42. D 43. D 44. B 45.A 46. C 47. C 48.D 49.D 50. D 51. B 52.B 54. C 55. B 53.D 56.C 57.C 58.B 59. B 60. D 62.D 61.B 63.C 64.D 65.B 66.A 67.C 70. A 68.D 69.C 71.B 72.B 73.D 74. B 75.A 78.C 76. C 77. D 效 79.C 80.C 81.D 82.B 83.A 84.C 85.D 87.A 86. B 88.D 89.B 90. A 91. B 92.A 93.D 96.C 94. B 95. D 97.C 98.B 99.C 100.C 101.A 102. D __ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权,侵权必究! 103. C 104.C 105.D 106. B 107. B 答案第2页,共2页 期末培优02阅读理解分类精练（十二大类） 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 试卷说明： 本试卷难度系数约0.4，只适合尖子生考前查漏补缺使用。 考点目录 一、计划与愿望——梦想：前进的动力！ 1 二、永恒的实用主题——身心健康：健康饮食，培养自信，快乐生活！ 4 三、经典实用主题——哲理感悟。 9 四、高频主题：学习方法与策略。 12 五、人类最美是真情——亲情与友情类。 15 六、志愿服务类——服务他人，快乐自己。 19 七、热点主题——走进文学名著，享受阅读乐趣。 21 八、热点主题：中华优秀传统文化与艺术。 27 九、经典主题：科普知识——神奇的颜色。 30 十、热点主题：环境污染与防治。 33 十一、经典主题：人与动植物的和谐相处。 36 十二、热点主题：航空航天，人类飞天梦想的提升！ 39 一、计划与愿望——梦想：前进的动力！ Passage 1 Do you know what a resolution is? It’s a kind of promise. Most of the time, we make promises to other people.  (“Mom, I promise I’m going to tidy my room when I get back from school. ”)  However, and the most common kind is New Year’s resolutions. The start of the year is often a time for making resolutions. When we make resolutions at the beginning of the year, we hope that we are going to improve our lives. Some people write down their resolutions and plans for the coming year. This helps them to remember their resolutions. Others tell their family and friends about their wishes and plans. There are different kinds of resolutions. Some are about physical health. For example, some people promise themselves they are going to start an exercise program or eat less fast food. Many resolutions have to do with self-improvement. These are about making yourself a better person. Some people might say they are going to take up a hobby like painting or taking photos, or learn to play the guitar. Some resolutions have to do with better planning, a student may have to find more time to study. Although there are differences, most resolutions have one thing in common. People hardly ever keep them!There are good reasons for this. Sometimes the resolutions may be too difficult to keep. Sometimes people just forget about them. For this reason, some people say the best resolution is to have no resolutions!How about you? The key to having successful new year’s resolutions, is to find resolutions that are good for us — in other words, resolutions that meet with our lifestyle and interests. Being honest with ourselves and what we want in life can go a long way towards achieving our resolutions. Whether you love setting new resolutions or you’re doing it for the first time, you will be sure to find a resolution that encourages you and make 2024 the best year. 1．When do people make a new year’s resolution? A．At the end of the year. B．In the middle of the year. C．At the beginning of the year. D．During the second month of the year. 2．Which one of the following is a resolution? A．I will learn a new skill in the coming new year. B．I promise, Mom, I will work hard this term. C．Trust me, Dad. I will learn to be brave. D．Miss Yang, you’ll see a better me next term. 3．Why do people make a new year’s resolution? A．To celebrate the new year. B．To be a better self. C．To remember the plan. D．To make parents happy. 4．What is the writer’s attitude (态度) towards the new year’s resolutions? A．Doubtful. B．Curious. C．Supportive. D．Worried. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．C 【详解】本文主要介绍了什么是新年决心，以及人们通常会制定什么样的决心。 1．细节理解题。根据文中第1段“The start of the year is often a time for making resolutions”可知年初人们制定新年决心。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据文中第2段“Many resolutions have to do with self—improvement.”可知，许多决心都与自我提升有关。所以A选项“我将学习一项新技能”符合。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据文中第4段“Many resolutions have to do with self-improvement. These are about making yourself a better person.”可知，许多决心都与自我完善有关。这些都是为了让自己成为一个更好的人。故选B。 4．观点态度题。根据文中最后1段“Whether you love setting new resolutions or you’re doing it for the first time, you will be sure to find a resolution that encourages you and make 2024 the best year.”（无论你是喜欢制定新的决心还是第一次这样做，你一定会找到一个鼓励你的决心，让2024年成为最好的一年）可知，作者很支持。故选C。 Passage 2 We all have dreams. Do you still remember your dream when you were still a middle school student. As teenagers, you may have many dreams. Maybe you wanted to be a scientist, a teacher or a doctor. These dreams can be very big, such as winning a Nobel Prize, or very small. You may just want to become one of the ten best students in your class. If you have a dream, what do you do with it? Do you try to make your dream come true? Andrew Matthews wrote a book called Follow Your Heart. It tells us it’s the biggest challenge(挑战) to make our dreams come true. There will be many difficulties on the road to your dreams. But you must never give up your dream. Because the biggest difficulty comes from you yourself. Everyone can make his/her dream come true. The first thing to do is to remember your dream. Don’t let it leave your heart. Keep telling yourself what you want and keep working hard. Do this step by step and your dream will come true one day. 5．Follow Your Heart is the name of . A．Andrew Matthews B．a book about hearts C．a book by Andrew Matthews D．a dream 6．Which of the following may be a small dream for teenagers? A．To be a man like Nobel. B．To win a Nobel Prize. C．To be the best student in the class. D．To be a scientist. 7．If you want to make your dream come true, the biggest difficulty is from . A．the book B．your school C．your dream D．you yourself 8．Which of the following is true according to the passage? A．Different people have the same dream. B．If you keep on, you can make your dream come true. C．There are few difficulties on the road to everyone’s dream. D．When you give up your dream, it will come true soon. 【答案】5．C 6．C 7．D 8．B 【详解】试题分析：短文大意：这篇短文主要讲述了我们每个人都有梦想，这些梦想有大有小以及实现梦想的困难和如何实现自己梦想的方法。 5．细节理解题。根据短文第二段Andrew Matthews wrote a book called Follow Your Heart. 描述，可知随心所欲是安德鲁马修斯写的一本书。故选C。 6．细节理解题。根据短文第一段or very small. You may just want to become one of the ten best students in your class.描述，可知年轻人的一个最小的梦想可能就是成为班里面最好的学生。故选C。 7．细节理解题。根据短文第三段Because the biggest difficulty comes from you yourself. 描述，可知实现梦想的最大困难来自我们自身。故选D。 8．细节理解题。根据最后一段Do this step by step and your dream will come true one day. 描述，可知如果你不放弃梦想，不久的将来就会成功。故选B。 考点：考查人生百味类阅读 二、永恒的实用主题——身心健康：健康饮食，培养自信，快乐生活！ Passage 1 As we all know, if a person isn’t in good health, he or she can’t study or work well, or live comfortably. Staying healthy is one of the most important goals in everyone’s life. During the past two years, the COVID-19 pandemic (流行病), especially the worrying new variant-Omicron (奥密克戎), has led many people to pay more attention to their health. Exercising is an excellent way to keep healthy. So what are the most popular activities? What are different people’s favourites? And what are some factors (因素) holding people back from physical fitness? Here’s the result of a recent survey on people’s exercise. Top 6 popular activities Different favourites What’s stopping peoplefrom exercise Running      57.3% Walking      51.5% Cycling      36.6% Playing ball games  25.8% Swimming    25.0% Hiking       21.6% Born after 2000 Ball games Born in 1990s Yoga No professional (专业的) training 42.9% No time 33.2% Not exercise facilities (设施)  23.9% Born in 1980s Swimming Born in 1970s Walking 9．According to the survey, what is the most popular activity? A．Hiking. B．Cycling. C．Running. D．Swimming. 10．What kind of activity may a 15-year-old student probably like best? A．Ball games. B．Swimming. C．Walking. D．Yoga. 11．If 1,000 people took part in the survey, how many people would think “No time” is the main factor in stopping them from exercise? A．429. B．664. C．332. D．239. 12．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Young people born in 1980s like Yoga most. B．Playing ball games is less popular than swimming. C．Most people think they don’t exercise because of no facilities. D．The survey is based on three questions about people’s exercise. 【答案】9．C 10．A 11．C 12．D 【详解】本文讲述的是一个有关人们锻炼的调查结果，结果显示了前6种受欢迎的活动是什么，不同人群都喜欢什么运动，以及有哪些因素阻碍了人们的身体健康。 9．细节理解题。根据“Top 6 popular activities：Running    57.3%”及以下几项运动的百分比可知，跑步是最受欢迎的活动。故选C。 10．细节理解题。根据“Born after 2000：Ball games”可知，15岁的孩子是2000年后出生的，他们喜欢球类运动。故选A。 11．细节理解题。根据表格内容“No time 33.2%”，可知，如果是1,000人参与调查，那么“没有时间”是阻止他们运动的主要因素的人数是：1000×33.2%=332。故选C。 12．细节理解题。根据“So what are the most popular activities? What are different people’s favorites? And what are some factors (因素) holding people back from physical fitness?”可知，这项调查是基于三个关于人们锻炼的问题的。故选D。 Passage 2 “I wish I had straight hair”; “I’d like to be taller”. At times, we all want to look a bit more like someone else. However, the pictures we see on TV and social media can give us improper ideas about how our bodies “should” look. The truth is that everybody is different—and that’s a good thing. Accepting and feeling good about our bodies is really important for our self confidence. Body confidence is when someone accepts and behaves kindly towards their body. That includes our size and shape, skin color, appearance and any physical disabilities. Jade Parnell from the Centre for Appearance Research (CAR), says that having body confidence is “about accepting your body and what it does for you”. Research has even shown if you have body confidence, you may take part in more activities and perform better in school. However, feeling worried about your body could make you step back, do less well at school and even feel down. Parnell says that the cost of trying to achieve the “perfect” appearance is high. She says, “If you’re spending a lot of time trying to look a certain way, you will have less time to spend with friends and to make important memories.” It’s important to remember that everybody is different. To develop a positive body image, Parnell says, “Try to talk positively about your own body and other people’s bodies. Try not to pay too much attention to appearance. Instead, think about what your body does for you; do your legs make you run really fast?” She also suggests treating your body well by eating different kinds of foods, exercising to feel good and to have fun, and getting plenty of sleep. Remember that you are more than how you look. 13．The writer thinks that the pictures on TV and social media _________. A．are perfect for people to follow B．show everyone is different C．may spread wrong ideas of looks D．show people how to behave kindly 14．Body confidence doesn’t include _________. A．size and shape B．skin color C．personalities D．physical disabilities 15．Which is True according to the article? A．You should accept your body as it is. B．You should spend more money on your appearance. C．You should avoid talking about others’ bodies. D．You should remember what you used to be like. 16．This sentence “If you feel positively (积极地) about your body, you are more likely to take care of it” can be put in _________. A． B． C． D． 17．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To encourage readers to take more exercise. B．To tell readers not to eat too much food. C．To lead readers to build up body confidence. D．To advise readers to treat their friends well. 【答案】13．C 14．C 15．A 16．C 17．C 【详解】本文主要介绍了身体自信的重要性以及如何培养身体自信。 13．细节理解题。根据“However, the pictures we see on TV and social media can give us improper ideas about how our bodies ‘should’ look”可知我们在电视和社交媒体上看到的照片会让我们对自己的身体“应该”是什么样子产生不恰当的想法。故选C。 14．细节理解题。根据“Body confidence is when someone accepts and behaves kindly towards their body. That includes our size and shape, skin color, appearance and any physical disabilities”可知身体自信是指某人接受自己的身体并对自己的身体表现友善，这包括我们的体型、肤色、外表和任何身体残疾。故选C。 15．推理判断题。根据“having body confidence is ‘about accepting your body and what it does for you’.”可知拥有身体自信是“接受你的身体及其对你的影响”，所以应该接受你的身体现状。故选A。 16．推理判断题。根据“Research has even shown if you have body confidence, you may take part in more activities and perform better in school.”可知研究甚至表明，如果你对身体有信心，你可能会参加更多的活动，在学校表现更好，故“如果你对自己的身体有积极的感觉，你就更有可能照顾好它”放处符合语境。故选C。 17．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了身体自信的重要性以及如何培养身体自信。故选C。 Passage 3 Most people feel that you should shower as often as possible because this will make sure that you are clean. What’s more, showering can be comfortable, as it will wash away your troubles and cares. It is important to shower often to keep good personal hygiene (卫生), but in fact showering too much can do harm to your skin’s (皮肤的) health. It is necessary to find a good balance that will keep your skin clean but will allow it to stay healthy. Bathing regularly (有规律地) is very important for several reasons. It can help prevent disease and will also improve good hygiene. The important thing to keep in mind, however, is that how often you should take a bath depends on many different factors (因素). Scientists agree that most people should not shower too often and in fact, if they cut down the showering times, it can be an unbelievably healthy decision for their skin. The exceptions to this rule are people who take the underground, or work in some other crowded spaces, go to the fitness centre daily or those who are in touch with sick people (such as those coughing, sneezing or sniffling during the flu season). Usually, you only need to shower twice out of each three days and some people can do so just every other day. When you don’t shower daily, your skin is better able to keep its balance. The important thing is to remember to use a wash cloth in areas that need daily attention for hygienic. If you feel the need to wash your hair every day, there is no problem with this. You should shower more often depending on a few factors such as whether you use public places that are filled with bacteria (细菌) (like the underground or buses) and whether you exercise regularly. 18．What does the underlined word “crowded” in paragraph 3 mean? A．私密的 B．拥挤的 C．封闭的 D．空旷的 19．Which of them should shower more often according to the writer? A．One who works alone in an office. B．Those who exercise once a week. C．One who works in a public place. D．Those Taobao sellers in their homes. 20．What does the writer mainly want to say? A．Why we should take a bath. B．What we should do when taking a bath. C．How we can take a bath comfortably. D．How often we should take a bath. 【答案】18．B 19．C 20．D 【详解】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了多久洗一次澡更有利于身体健康的话题。 18．词义猜测题。根据“The exceptions to this rule are people who take the underground, or work in some other crowded spaces...”可知，这条规则的例外情况是乘坐地铁或在……空间工作，地铁属于拥挤的场所，此处指代意思与地铁环境相同。故选B。 19．细节理解题。根据“You should shower more often depending on a few factors such as whether you use public places that are filled with bacteria...”可知，如果你使用充满细菌的公共场所，应该更频繁的洗澡。故选C。 20．主旨大意题。根据“how often you should take a bath depends on many different factors”及全文内容可知，文章主要讲述洗澡的频率取决于许多不同的因素，选项D“我们应该多久洗一次澡”符合文章主旨。故选D。 三、经典实用主题——哲理感悟。 Passage 1 A boy was at a market with his sister. The sister was standing in front of a toy shop. She was looking at something inside the shop’s window. The boy asked, “What are you looking at?” The sister pointed at the doll. The boy told her that he would buy the doll for her. The sister was very happy. Then the boy asked the shopkeeper, “How much does this doll cost?” The shopkeeper looked at the boy and said, “Well, what can you pay?” The boy took out all the seashells (贝壳) that he had collected from the beach and gave them to the shopkeeper. The shopkeeper took the shells and started counting as if he were counting coins (硬币). Then he turned to the boy. The boy asked him, “Is it enough?” The shopkeeper said, “No, it’s plenty. In fact, it’s more than enough,” He kept four of the seashells and gave the rest back to the boy. The boy happily put the shells back in his pocket and left with his sister and her new doll. The shopkeeper’s assistant (助手) was surprised. He asked the shopkeeper, “Why did you do that? That doll cost a lot of money. And it certainly costs more than four seashells.” The shopkeeper replied, “To us, these are just seashells. But to that boy, they’re very valuable. When he grows up, he’ll remember that he once bought a doll for his sister with seashells. It might remind him that the world has generous and kind people in it. And perhaps, he too will be generous and kind to others.” 21．Why did the little girl stop at the shop’s window? A．Because she was very tired and couldn’t walk. B．Because she wanted to buy a toy for the boy. C．Because she saw some beautiful seashells. D．Because she was interested in a toy inside. 22．As the shopkeeper was counting the seashells, he ________. A．thought there were coins inside the seashells B．knew the boy was playing a trick on him C．acted like what he was counting were coins D．knew he could get the money back from their mom 23．What does the story teach us? A．Be generous and kind to others. B．Be ready to learn from others. C．Don’t treat children like fools. D．Don’t give kids valuable things. 【答案】21．D 22．C 23．A 【详解】本文主要讲述了善良的店主把洋娃娃用四个贝壳卖给了给妹妹买玩具的小男孩，让小男孩长大之后知道世界上有善良的人，同时也会对他人大度并善良。 21．细节理解题。根据“The boy asked, ‘What are you looking at?’ The sister pointed at the doll. The boy told her that he would buy the doll for her. The sister was very happy.”由此可知，小女孩站在商店的窗外，是因为她对里面的玩具感兴趣。故选D。 22．细节理解题。根据“The shopkeeper took the shells and started counting as if he were counting coins (硬币).”由此可知，店主在数贝壳的时候，表现得就像在数硬币一样。故选C。 23．主旨大意题。根据“To us, these are just seashells. But to that boy, they’re very valuable. When he grows up, he’ll remember that he once bought a doll for his sister with seashells. It might remind him that the world has generous and kind people in it. And perhaps, he too will be generous and kind to others.”由此可知，这个故事告诉我们要大度和善良。故选A。 Passage 2 Think of life as a game in which you are playing with five balls in the air. You name them work, family, health, friends and spirit and you keep all of them in the air. You will soon understand that work is a rubber ball. If you drop it, it will bounce (弹跳) back. But the other four balls, family, health, friends and spirit, are made of glass. If you drop one of these, they will be broken. They will never be the same. You must understand that and try to have balance in your life. How? Don’t look down on your worth by comparing yourself with others. It is because we are different and each of us is special. Don’t let other people set goals for you. Only you know what is best for yourself. Don’t give up when you still have something to give. Nothing is really over until the moment you stop trying. Don’t be afraid of difficulties. It is by taking chances that we learn how to be brave. Don’t shut love out of your life by saying it’s impossible. The quickest way to receive love is to give it; the fastest way to lose love is to hold it too tightly; the best way to keep love is to give it wings. Don’t run through life so fast that you forget not only where you’ve been, but also where you are going. Don’t be afraid to learn. Knowledge is a treasure you can always carry easily. Don’t use time or words carelessly. You can’t get them back. Yesterday is history, tomorrow is a mystery, and today is a gift, that’s why we call it “the present”. Life is not a competition, but a trip, step by step. 24．The passage tells us not to _________ because everyone is special. A．be afraid of difficulties B．be afraid to learn C．run through life so fast D．compare yourself with others to look down on your worth 25．The sentence “Nothing is really over until the moment you stop trying.” means that ___________. A．Nothing is possible B．If we don’t give up, there is always hope C．You should learn to give up D．Although you try, nothing will change. 26．The best way to keep love is to ___________. A．say it’s impossible B．give it C．give it wings D．hold it tightly According to the passage, which is the best title? 27 A．Nothing is impossible. B．Glass balls are easy to be broken. C．Things you can’t do. D．Treat your life in a right way. 【答案】24．D 25．B 26．C 27．D 【详解】生活就像在空中玩耍五个球：工作，家庭，健康，朋友和精神。工作就像橡皮球，掉下去，会弹回来。其它就像玻璃球，掉下去，就碎了。如何保持家庭，健康，朋友和精神在人生中的平衡呢？作者在文中提出了很好的建议：不要与别人比较；不要让别人给自己确立目标；不要放弃；不要惧怕困难；不要失去爱等等。 24．细节理解题。由第三段的“Don’t look down on your worth by comparing yourself with others. It’s because we’re different and each of us is special.”可知作者认为不要与别人对比而看低自己的价值，因为大家都很特别。故选D。 25．句意猜测题。Nothing is really over没什么真正结束；until直到； the moment you stop trying你停止努力的时刻。句子的意思是“如果我们不放弃，总有希望”。故选B。 26．细节理解题。由文中的“the best way to keep love is to give it wings”可知最好的保持爱的方式是给予爱翅膀。故选C。 27．主旨大意题。作者把人生看作玩耍空中的五个球，给我们讲述了如何面对人生中的各种困难。用“Treat your life in a right way.”做标题最合适。故选D。 四、高频主题：学习方法与策略。 Passage 1 28．What is NOT mentioned to improve mental health? A．Mind & Body. B．Breathing. C．Problem-Solving. D．Caring for others. 29．What can students do to reduce stress? They can manage time effectively.     They can take part in regular exercise. They can keep feelings to themselves. They can have a bath or go for a walk. A． B． C． D． 30．What is the poster mainly about? A．The importance of mental health. B．The methods of staying mentally healthy. C．The introduction to mental health. D．The application for Office of Student Affairs. 【答案】28．D 29．B 30．B 【详解】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了帮助学生们保持心理健康的方法。 28．细节理解题。根据海报内容可知，提到了“Mind & Body”、“Breathing”、“Self Care”、“Organization”、“Talk to Someone”、“Exercise”和“Problem-Solving”七种方法，没有提及Caring for others。故选D。 29．细节理解题。根据“Manage your time effectively...This will help reduce pressure and stress.”可知，有效管理时间可以减轻压力，所以“他们可以有效地管理时间。”正确，故排除D选项；根据“Exercise is a great tool for improving mood and reducing stress.”可知，运动可以减轻压力，所以“他们可以参加有规律的锻炼。”正确，故排除C选项；根据“Make sure to look after yourself. Relax, smile, have a bath, go for a walk...”可知，洗澡或者散步都是为了更好地照顾自己，也就是可以减轻压力，所以“他们可以洗澡或去散步。”正确，故排除A选项。故选B。 30．主旨大意题。根据“7 THINGS STUDENTS CAN DO TO IMPROVE THEIR MENTAL HEALTH”并结合海报内容可知，文章主要介绍了学生们可以做的七件事情，以保持他们的心理健康；选项B“保持心理健康的方法”符合语境。故选B。 Passage 2 Lesson 4 Steps in the Design Process Identify (设定) a problemThe first step in the design process is to set a problem. Suppose your pet’s toy is behind a big piece of furniture. It’s too heavy to move, and you can’t reach. You’ve just identified a problem. You need to get the toy back. ▲You could use a long set of tongs (钳子) to pick up the object. Propose a solution The next step is to think of possible solutions. Solutions are ideas to solve the problem. What are some ideas that could help solve your problem? Pick the best one to try. Talk to people, watch, and do research. What materials are needed? Are they at hand? Are there any risks? Build a modelBuild a model to test your ideas. A model helps you understand how your solution works. How much would it cost to make? ▲You could put something sticky at the end of a meter stick and try to get the object. ▲You could use a meter stick with a magnet on a string to attract the object. Test the designInventors test their design by asking questions. Does the invention do what it was designed to do? Why? Why not? A smart inventor also asks others to test the invention and then listens to them. If the invention does not work, the inventor would have to revise it until he is satisfied. Explain the design Finally you communicate how you solve the problem. Communication can be like a show and tell. You can also use group discussions, written reports, and pictures. If you’ve made a product you want to sell, you name it and advertise it. 31．The page above is most likely to be taken from a _________. A．tourists’ guide B．students’ book C．daily newspaper D．science magazine 32．What can help understand how the solution works? A．A problem B．A model C．A design D．An advertisement 33．What does the underlined word “revise” mean in Chinese? A．复习 B．评论 C．修改 D．绘制 34．What problem are the three solutions designed to solve? A．To attract the long metre stick. B．To make it easier to drop litter into the bin. C．To get something you can’t reach. D．To play a trick on your favourite pet. 35．Which of the following shows the correct order of the steps between Identify a problem and Explain the design and can be put in the on the page above? A． B． C． D． 【答案】31．B 32．A 33．C 34．C 35．D 【详解】本文主要说明了如何进行一项设计，具体可以通过：设定问题、提出方案、建立模型、测试设计、解释设计来进行。 31．推理判断题。根据文中“Lesson 4 Steps in the Design Process”可知，这是来自于学生文章中的，结合选项可知，“students’ book”符合题意。故选B。 32．细节理解题。根据“Solutions are ideas to solve the problem.”可知解决方案指的是解决问题的想法。故选A。 33．词义猜测题。根据文中“If the invention does not work, the inventor would have to revise it until he is satisfied.”可知，如果发明没有效果，发明人将不得不修改直到他满意为止，这里意为“修改”，故选C。 34．推理判断题。根据文中“Solutions are ideas to solve the problem. What are some ideas that could help solve your problem?... Are there any risks?”可知，解决方案的提出是为了解决问题，AB只是一种过程性的动作，所以排除；D项不是为了解决问题，也应该排除；C项“得到够不到的东西”，是为了解决问题，符合题意。故选C。 35．细节理解题。根据文章大意可知，进行一项设计，具体可以通过：设定问题、提出方案、建立模型、测试设计、解释设计来进行。D项符合题意。故选D。 五、人类最美是真情——亲情与友情类。 Passage 1 A mother held her new baby and very slowly rocked him back and forth (来回地), back and forth, back and forth. And while she held him, she sang: I’ll love you forever, I’ll like you for always, As long as I’m living, my baby you’ll be. The little boy grew. Then he was two years old, and he ran all around the house. He pulled all the books off. And he took his mother’s watch and put it in the toilet. Sometimes his mother would say, “This kid is making me CRAZY!” But at night, when he was really asleep, she picked him up and rocked him back and forth, back and forth. He grew until he was nine years old. And he never wanted to come in for dinner, he never wanted to take a bath, and when grandma visited, he always said bad words. Sometimes his mother wanted to sell him to the zoo! The boy grew. He grew until he was a teenager. He had strange friends and he wore strange clothes and he listened to strange music. Sometimes the mother felt like she was in a zoo! That teenager grew. He grew until he was a grown-up man. He left home and got a house in the city. Well, that mother, she got older. She got older and older and older. One day she called up her son and said, “You’d better come to see me because I’m very old and sick.” So her son came to see her. When he came in the door she tried to sing the song: I’ll love you forever, I’ll like you for always, But she couldn’t finish because she was too old and sick. The son went to his mother. He held her in his arms very slowly rocked him back and forth, back and forth, back and forth. And he sang this song: I’ll love you forever, I’ll like you for always, As long as I’m living, my Mommy you’ll be. 36．This story is about ________. A．mother and son B．father and son C．mother and daughter D．father and daughter 37．Was the mother still crazy when her son was asleep? A．Yes, she was. B．Yes, she wasn’t. C．No, she was. D．No, she wasn’t. 38．From the underlined sentences, we can know that the boy might ________ when young. A．make much trouble B．have good manners C．showed love properly D．showed gift in sports 39．The underlined phrase “As long as” probably means ________ in Chinese. A．既然 B．只要 C．虽然 D．像……一样长 40．Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to this article? A．The boy had strange friends when he was a teenager. B．The boy didn’t live with his mother when he grew up. C．The son returned to show his love for his mom in the end. D．The boy’s mother sold him to the zoo when he was nine years old. 【答案】36．A 37．D 38．A 39．B 40．D 【详解】本文主要讲述了一位母亲与儿子的故事，文中有一首表达爱的歌曲，它伴随着男孩的成长，虽然男孩成长过程中比较调皮捣蛋，但是最终母亲收获了爱的回报。 36．细节理解题。根据“A mother held her new baby and very slowly rocked him back and forth (来回地), back and forth, back and forth.”和“The son went to his mother. He held her in his arms very slowly rocked him back and forth, back and forth, back and forth.”以及通读全文后可知，这是一个关于一对母子的故事。故选A。 37．细节理解题。根据“But at night, when he was really asleep, she picked him up and rocked him back and forth, back and forth.”可知当他真的睡着了，他妈妈来回摇晃着他来回走动，可知妈妈并不疯狂了，故选D。 38．推理判断题。根据“The little boy grew. He grew until he was nine years old. And he never wanted to come in for dinner...he always said bad words.”和“The boy grew. He grew until he was a teenager. He had strange friends and he wore strange clothes and he listened to strange music.”可知，这个九岁的男孩总是说脏话，长大后他又结交的是奇怪的朋友，穿奇怪的衣服，以及听奇怪的音乐，结合划线句子“有时候他的妈妈想把他卖到动物园去！”和“有时候这位妈妈感觉自己就像在动物园里！”可推断出这个男孩在年轻的时候可能惹了许多麻烦。故选A。 39．词义猜测题。根据“I’ll love you forever, I’ll like you for always. As long as I’m living, my baby you’ll be.”可知，此处的歌词表达的是“我永远爱你，永远喜欢你。只要我活着，你就是我的宝贝。”划线词组As long as意为“只要”，故选B。 40．细节理解题。根据“Sometimes his mother wanted to sell him to the zoo!”可知，有时他的妈妈想把他卖到动物园去，但只是“想”，而并没有真正这么去做，所以选项D“在男孩九岁的时候，他的妈妈把他卖给了动物园。”表述错误。故选D。 Passage 2 During the last few years of his life, my dad lived just up the road from me in a tiny house. He had been alone for over 20 years after losing his wife. His mother had recently passed away too. He was disabled and retired (退休), so he spent a lot of time alone. Several times a week, though, I would take a walk up to his house. We would sit in the living room, drink tea and talk. It wasn’t anything big. We talked about sports, cars, gardening, weather, and enjoyed a laugh over old memories. It wasn’t anything too deep. It was just a simple sharing, a connection between a father and a son, an hour spent just enjoying each other’s company. Those afternoons remain some of my happiest time spent with my dad. It allowed us to gently heal (治愈) any old wounds we had given each other when I was growing up. It allowed us to silently give each other time and love. It allowed us to grow closer together before he left this world. I know that when my own time in this world is done, I will get to spend another afternoon with my dad. We will sit, talk, catch up, and quietly enjoy each other’s company. We will share all the love we didn’t get to share. And we will remember that afternoon forever. If there is one thing that I learned from those afternoons, it is this: It is never too late to spend time with those you love. It is never too late to tell them that you love them. It is never too late to heal a relationship and mend a hurting heart. Begin today! Spend an afternoon with those you love and those afternoons will become a lifetime. 41．What do we know about the author’s family from Paragraph 1? A．The author lived far from his dad. B．His dad couldn’t talk in voice freely. C．His grandma passed away not long ago. D．His grandma lived with his dad for 20 years. 42．When he was visiting his dad, he did lots of things with him EXCEPT ________. A．drinking tea in the living room B．laughing happily during the talk C．talking about life and memories D．taking his dad to walk up to his house 43．The purpose of Paragraph 3 is written to ________. A．imagine a beautiful future for his dad B．advise people to spend afternoons nicely C．show the author’s expectations for his children D．show that the writer values the time spent with his dad 44．What does the author want to tell us? A．There is no need to heal a relationship. B．Spend more time with the ones we love. C．It is never too late to learn to be a parent. D．Don’t wait for others to mend your hurting heart. 【答案】41．C 42．D 43．D 44．B 【详解】本文作者通过描述与父亲共度的午后时光，告诉我们要花更多时间和我们爱的人在一起。 41．细节理解题。根据“His mother had recently passed away too.”可知，父亲的妈妈，也就是作者的奶奶，不久前去世了。故选C。 42．推理判断题。根据“We would sit in the living room, drink tea and talk...We talked about sports, cars, gardening, weather, and enjoyed a laugh over old memories.”可知，作者与父亲会一起喝茶、谈话、大笑，没有D项“把父亲带到自己的房子里”。故选D。 43．推理判断题。根据第三段内容及最后一句“And we will remember that afternoon forever.”可知，作者描述了与父亲共度的时光，并表示会永远记住那些下午，这表明作者珍惜与父亲相处的时间。故选D。 44．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文最后一段点明主旨，根据“Spend an afternoon with those you love and those afternoons will become a lifetime.”可知，作者告诉我们要花更多时间和我们爱的人在一起。故选B。 六、志愿服务类——服务他人，快乐自己。 Passage 1 Kanduwa Sande is a policeman at the Machinga Police Station in Malawi. The 42-year-old policeman also has a love for sports. He has worked for 11 years to build a sports center for children. Sande says the purpose is to help develop sports and reduce crime in his community. “One of our duties (职责) as police officers is to reduce crime—to prevent people from doing crime,” he said. “When one is doing nothing, he may indulge (沉湎) himself in some bad behaviors.” Sande has been doing his voluntary work since 2011. He uses savings from his monthly wages  (工资) and works at the sports center during his free time. “I don’t spend my lunchtime, one hour and 30 minutes, eating only,” Sande said. “I also work for maybe 50 minutes. Every day, part of my lunchtime is used for voluntary work.” Over the years, Sande ignored (忽视) the people in his community who thought his voluntary work meaningless and useless. They called him crazy. Sande said, “I don’t care much about what others think of me and my work. I know I am doing the right thing.” In 2017, his voluntary work helped him win an award for sports. He was sent on a month-long visit to China, where he learned how to continue working on the sports center better. Soon after, he bought and began using machinery (机械) to speed up the project. Government sports officials (官员) and community leaders sometimes visit the center to express thanks for the work he is doing. Sande says the sports center is now nearly completed and will officially (正式地) be open to the public soon. 45．Why does Sande want to create a sports center? A．To reduce crime in his community. B．To realize his dream at his young age. C．To win high praise from others. D．To complete a task of the police station. 46．Which of the following about Sande’s voluntary work is TRUE? A．He spends all his time on it. B．He saves money by doing it. C．He spends part of his lunchtime on it. D．He has kept doing it since he worked. 47．From Paragraph 4, we know that some people in Sande’s community ________. A．support his work B．ignore his work C．don’t understand him D．work for him 48．From the passage, we know that ________. A．crime in Sande’s community has dropped B．the sports center is open to the public every day C．Sande was invited to China to teach voluntary work D．Sande gets praise from the government and the community 【答案】45．A 46．C 47．C 48．D 【详解】本文主要介绍了一名警察为建造一个儿童体育中心工作了11年，他想帮助发展体育运动，减少社区犯罪。 45．细节理解题。根据“He has worked for 11 years to build a sports center for children. Sande says the purpose is to help develop sports and reduce crime in his community.”可知他的目的是想帮助发展体育运动，减少社区犯罪。故选A。 46．细节理解题。根据“Every day, part of my lunchtime is used for voluntary work”可知他花费午饭的一部分时间做志愿者工作。故选C。 47．细节理解题。根据“Sande ignored (忽视) the people in his community who thought his voluntary work meaningless and useless.”可知一些人认为他的志愿工作毫无意义和用处，不理解他。故选C。 48．细节理解题。根据“Government sports officials (官员) and community leaders sometimes visit the center to express thanks for the work he is doing”可知政府体育官员和社区领导人对他所做的工作表示感谢。故选D。 Passage 2 Jack Brown, an office worker, lives in Washington. He inherited (继承) a million dollars when he was 23, but he wasn’t happy at all. When his college friends were looking for their jobs, he didn’t have to. Jack decided to live a simple life like everyone else. He gave $10,000 of his money to a charity to help poor children live a better life. Today he is 36. He still wears cheap shoes and clothes and drives a small car, but he is very happy. Up to now Jack has helped some children from poor countries all over the world by sending them each $200 a month. The money is used for the children’s study, food, medicine and clothing. Jack receives a report each year on the children’s progress. They can write to each other, but usually the children do not speak English. When Jack first heard about these children, he wanted to help them. “It was nothing special,” he said, “Until I went to these countries and met the children I was helping, I didn’t know anything about their lives.” Jack once went to meet a little girl in Africa. He said that the meeting was very exciting. “When I met her, I felt very, very happy.” He said. “And I saw that the money was used for a good cause. It brought me happiness. I want to do everything I can to go on helping those children.” 49．Jack didn’t need to look for a job ________. A．because he didn’t want to work B．because he wasn’t able to work C．because he didn’t study well in college D．because he didn’t need to work to earn money 50．Jack has given some poor children money every month to help them ________. A．only in England Washington B．only in Washington C．only in Africa D．around the world 51．Jack learned about the children’s progress by _________. A．visiting them each year B．getting a report every year C．staying with them D．talking to them in English 52．The underlined phrase “for a good cause” in the last paragraph means “ _________”. A．for having a good reason B．for helping other people C．for getting a discount D．for finding lost things 【答案】49．D 50．D 51．B 52．B 【详解】本文讲述了杰克·布朗在23岁时继承了百万美元的遗产，但是他一点也不开心，他决定像其他人一样过着简单的生活。他捐钱给慈善机构，并帮助贫困国家的一些孩子。 49．细节理解题。根据“Jack Brown, an office worker, lives in Washington. He inherited (继承) a million dollars when he was 23”可知是因为继承了百万美元的遗产。故选D。 50．细节理解题。根据“Up to now Jack has helped some children from poor countries all over the world by sending them each $200 a month.”可知是帮助全世界的孩子。故选D。 51．细节理解题。根据“Jack receives a report each year on the children’s progress.”可知是每年通过报告了解他们，故选B。 52．词句猜测题。根据“He gave $10,000 of his money to a charity to help poor children live a better life.”以及“And I saw that the money was used for a good cause, It brought me happiness. I want to do everything I can to go on helping those children.”可知，杰克把钱捐给一个慈善机构来帮助贫穷的孩子生活得更好；由此可知这些钱是用来做慈善的。因此“for a good cause”在此表示“for helping other people”。故选B。 七、热点主题——走进文学名著，享受阅读乐趣。 Passage 1 One night, John came into the stable, calling,“Wake up, Beauty!” He put my saddle and bridle on and rode up to the front door of the house. Squire Gordon was standing there. “John,” he said, “Mrs. Gordon is very ill. Ride to the doctor’s and give him this note.” “Now, Beauty, do your best.” said John. I went as fast as possible. When we arrived at Dr. White’s house, John told him, “Mrs. Gordon is very ill. Squire Gordon thinks she is going to die. Please go to her immediately.” “Yes, but my son has my horse,” said the doctor, “Can I have yours?” he asked. The doctor was heavier than John, and not such a good rider. But I did my very best and went as fast as possible. When we got to Berwick Park, Squire Gordon was at the door. The doctor went into the house with him, and Joe led me to the stable. I was glad to be home. My legs were shaking, and I was very wet. Joe was young and he forgot to put a warm blanket on me. Then he gave me cold water to drink. Soon all my body began to shake, and I felt very cold. A long time later, John came back. He covered me with two or three warm blankets, and ran to the house for some hot water. He gave me some warm food, and then I thought I went to sleep. Over and over again, John said to himself, “Stupid boy! Stupid boy!” I was now very sick, and John was nursing me night and day. When Squire Gordon came to see me, John said, “Black Beauty went so fast, he seemed to know what was wrong.” —Taken from Black Beauty 53．How many people are mentioned in the passage? A．Four. B．Three. C．Five. D．Six. 54．Why did Black Beauty run as fast as possible? A．Because the doctor was heavy. B．Because he was a bit tired. C．Because he wanted to save Mrs. Gordon. D．Because it was raining heavily. 55．Which of the following shows the correct order of what happened in the passage? a. Joe led Black Beauty to the stable. b. Squire Gordon asked John to go to the doctor’s. c. Black Beauty ate some food and fell asleep. d. Dr. White agreed to go to Berwick Park. A．a-b-c-d B．b-d-a-c C．a-b-d-c D．b-a-d-c 56．Which word can be used to describe John? A．Hard-working. B．Helpful. C．Kind. D．Clever. 【答案】53．D 54．C 55．B 56．C 【详解】本文是一篇记叙文，是摘自小说《黑骏马》中的片段短。文章主要讲述了约翰骑马去为生病的戈登夫人找医生，回来后马因没有得到良好的照顾也生病了，约翰细心照顾马的故事。 53．细节理解题。综合全文可知，文章提到了约翰、乡绅戈登、戈登夫人、医生怀特、怀特的儿子以及乔，共6个人。故选D。 54．推理判断题。根据上文“Mrs. Gordon is very ill. Ride to the doctor’s and give him this note.”可推断，因为戈登夫人病重，黑骏马想快点去找医生来救治夫人。故选C。 55．细节理解题。根据第三段“‘John,’ he said, ‘Mrs. Gordon is very ill. Ride to the doctor’s and give him this note.’”可知，太太生病了，乡绅戈登让约翰去找医生，因此b“乡绅戈登请约翰去医生家里。”排第一；根据第四段“‘Yes, but my son has my horse,’ said the doctor,”可知，怀特医生同意去看病人，因此d“怀特医生同意去贝里克公园。”排第二；根据第五段“The doctor went into the house with him, and Joe led me to the stable.”可知，到家后，乔把“我”牵进了马厩，因此a“乔把黑骏马牵到马厩。”排第三；根据第五段“He gave me some warm food, and then I thought I went to sleep.”可知，约翰给了“我”一些热的食物，然后“我”以为我睡着了，因此c“黑骏马吃了点东西就睡着了。”排第四，即b-d-a-c。故选B。 56．推理判断题。根据第五段“A long time later, John came back. He covered me with two or three warm blankets, and ran to the house for some hot water. He gave me some warm food, and then I thought I went to sleep.”可知，黑骏马生病了，约翰精心照顾它；据此可以推断，约翰为人善良。故选C。 Passage 2 Jo was the first to wake. She remembered her mother’s promise, and, putting her hand under her pillow (枕头), drew out a little red-covered book. She loved it. She woke Meg up and asked her to see what was under her pillow. A green-covered book appeared. Then Beth and Amy woke, to find their little books also. “Girls,” said Meg seriously, “Mother wants us to read and love these books, and we must begin at once. I shall read a little every morning, for I know it will do me good.” And then they opened the new books and read. The rooms were very quiet, and the winter sunshine shone in to touch the serious faces with a Christmas greeting. “Where is Mother?” asked Meg, as she ran down to thank her for their gifts, half an hour later. “Some poor men come for help, and Mrs. March went straight off to see what was needed,” replied Hannah, who was considered more as a friend than a servant. “She will be back soon, so we must get everything ready,” said Meg, looking over the presents which were collected in a basket, ready to be given to their mother at the proper time. “Why, where is Amy’s bottle of cologne (古龙香水)?” she wondered. “She took it out a minute ago,” replied Jo. “There’s Mother. Hide the basket, quick!” cried Jo, as door opened, and steps sounded in the hall. Amy hurried in, and looked rather ashamed (羞愧的) when she saw her sisters all waiting for her. “Where have you been, and what are you hiding behind you?” asked Meg, surprised to see that lazy Amy had been out so early. “You see, I felt ashamed of my present, so I ran round the corner and changed the little bottle for a big one and I gave all my money for it; and I’m truly trying not to be selfish any more.” Another bang (砰砰作响) of the street door sent the girls to the table. “Merry Christmas, Marmee! Thank you for our books; we love them,” they said together. “Merry Christmas, little daughters! I’m glad you like the books. But I want to say one word before we sit down. Not far from here lies a poor woman with a little new-born baby. They were suffering hunger and cold. My girls, will you give them your breakfast as a Christmas present?” They were all unusually hungry, having waited for nearly an hour, and for a minute no one spoke; only a minute, for Jo said, “I’m so glad you came before we began!” (From Little Women) 57．Why did Amy go out early in the morning? A．To buy a present for her mother. B．To send her present to her mother. C．To change her present for a better one. D．To see what the poor family needed. 58．Which words can describe the girls best? A．Lazy and unselfish. B．Loving and unselfish. C．Lazy and kind. D．Loving and clever. 59．What does Jo mean by saying “I’m so glad you came before we began” in the last paragraph? A．They could have breakfast together. B．They could send the food to the poor family. C．They were too hungry to wait for their mother any longer. D．It was not too late for breakfast. 【答案】57．C 58．B 59．B 【详解】本文节选自小说《小妇人》，讲述了圣诞节四个女儿为妈妈准备圣诞礼物，并帮助可怜的母女的故事。 57．细节理解题。根据“I felt ashamed of my present, so I ran round the corner and changed the little bottle for a big one”可知她为她的礼物感到羞愧，所以她早早出去换一个更好的礼物。故选C。 58．推理判断题。根据“looking over the presents which were collected in a basket, ready to be given to their mother at the proper time”以及“I’m truly trying not to be selfish any more”并结合文章内容可知，她们为妈妈准备圣诞礼物，并帮助可怜的母女，所以她们有爱心，无私。故选B。 59．词句猜测题。根据“My girls, will you give them your breakfast as a Christmas present”可知孩子们刚要吃早餐，妈妈就看到了那对可怜的母女，把饭给了她们，所以Joe说这句话是说她们可以把食物给可怜的家庭。故选B。 Passage 3 People never stop looking for an explanation on what they lose and gain in life. In 1977, Bridge to Terabithia (《仙境之桥》) was published, offering a new answer. Like other boys in his class, Jesse Aarons’ dream is to become the fastest runner in fifth grade. He has been practicing all summer. But on the first day of school, a girl crosses over to the boys’ side of the playground and outruns everyone. That’s not a very good beginning for a friendship, but Jesse and Leslie Burke soon become best friends. With endless imagination and optimism, Leslie brings happiness to Jesse, who has been lonely and blue. Together, they create Terabithia, a magical kingdom in the woods where they act as king and queen. Unfortunately, a terrible thing happens one morning. Jesse hurts his heart. However, this tragedy (悲剧) makes him understand the courage Leslie has given him. Having had an unhappy childhood herself, Katherine Paterson, this book’s author, would usually give her characters a lonely life. Then she would give them rising hope and happiness. But in order to create “ups and downs” and show her own ideas, the US author would take away what those characters had gained, and end the book with a deep theme. Paterson is good at showing characters’ feelings. Readers can feel the sadness when characters lose something beautiful. Paterson writes novels for teenagers, so their language is not hard for Chinese students. Why not try to read the book? 60．What kind of writing is this? A．A poster. B．An email. C．A short novel. D．A book review. 61．What do we know from Paragraph 2? A．Jesse is always optimistic. B．Leslie runs even faster than Jesse. C．Jesse dreams of being a runner in the future. D．Leslie is Jesse’s best friend from kindergarten. 62．What does the underlined word “optimism” mean in this passage? A．hopelessness B．a sense of fear C．a feeling of sadness D．a feeling that good things will happen 63．What do we know from the last paragraph? A．Paterson had a happy childhood. B．Paterson started writing novels as a teenager. C．Paterson is good at writing in simple language. D．Paterson usually ends her stories with a happy ending. 【答案】60．D 61．B 62．D 63．C 【详解】本文介绍了一部小说《仙境之桥》及其作者凯赛琳·帕特森。 60．推理判断题。根据“In 1977, Bridge to Terabithia (《仙境之桥》) was published, offering a new answer.”以及全文的内容可知，本文介绍了一部小说《仙境之桥》，由此可推断这是一个书评，故选D。 61．推理判断题。根据“Like other boys in his class, Jesse Aarons’ dream is to become the fastest runner in fifth grade”以及“But on the first day of school, a girl crosses over to the boys’ side of the playground and outruns everyone”可知，Leslie跑得比Jesse更快，故选B。 62．词义猜测题。根据“With endless imagination and optimism, Leslie brings happiness to Jesse, who has been lonely and blue.”可知，Leslie用乐观给孤独忧郁Jesse带来了快乐，所以划线单词与“a feeling that good things will happen”同义，故选D。 63．推理判断题。根据“Paterson writes novels for teenagers, so their language is not hard for Chinese students.”可知，Paterson为青少年写小说，所以它们的语言对中国学生来说并不难，由此可知，Paterson善于用简单的语言写作，故选C。 八、热点主题：中华优秀传统文化与艺术。 Passage 1 In the late 1960s, when Li Zhenxia was 5, she liked oil-paper umbrellas and dreamed of buying a beautiful, red oil-paper umbrella in a store next to her grandmother’s house. It was too expensive for her family to afford one at the time. When she was 10, she saw a young bridegroom (新郎) pass by her house on his way to pick up his bride. He and his friends were carrying six red oil-paper umbrellas, and the image touched her heart. When she was in high school, her physics teacher would arrive with an oil-paper umbrella every time it rained. She and the teacher became good friends. In 1996, Li’s dream of oil-paper umbrellas came true when she started learning how to make them by herself. Two years later, she produced her first one. Of course, it was red. Today, Li is a boss and has her own stores. She enjoys talking to her customers and passing on her skills to her students. “The oil-paper umbrella is like my lover; it has been with me my whole life and always makes me feel better,” the 58-year-old said. Li’s store in Datong ancient town in Chishui City, Guizhou Province—a town where there is a lot of rain—welcomes many visitors who buy her umbrellas to model in photos, decorate their homes or add to collections, and sometimes even to use for catwalks at shows and performances. Production involves over a hundred individual steps, from cutting the bamboo and threading (穿线) the pieces together, to pasting the paper shade, drying it in the sun and brushing it with oil. The whole process takes between 15 days and several months, depending on the umbrella’s design, and all the work is done by hand. Now Li has two more stores, one in Danzhai in Guizhou and another in Sichuan Province. Of her three children, only her eldest son, who is 36, helps with the business, running the store in Danzhai. Her daughter is married in Beijing, while her youngest son is a Grade-3 high school student. Li hopes he will learn art and help her make umbrellas in the future. 64．When did Li make her first oil-paper umbrella? A．In the late 1960s. B．In the 1970s. C．In 1996. D．In 1998. 65．Which is the right order of Li Zhenxia’s experience? Li has her own stores. Li made her first red oil-paper umbrella. Her teacher arrived with an oil-paper umbrella when it rained. Li saw a bridegroom and his friends carrying six red oil-paper umbrellas. A．--- B．--- C．--- D．--- 66．What is the first step to make an oil-paper umbrella? A．Cutting the bamboo. B．Threading the pieces together. C．Brushing the umbrella with oil. D．Pasting paper shade on the bamboo pieces. 67．What does the writer mainly tell us? A．How to make an oil-paper umbrella. B．Learn more about art. C．Have a dream and stick to a dream. D．How to have own stores. 【答案】64．D 65．B 66．A 67．C 【详解】本文讲述了李珍霞从梦想拥有一把油纸伞到动手制作油纸伞并拥有自己店铺的经历。 64．细节理解题。根据第四段“In 1996, Li’s dream of oil-paper umbrellas came true when she started learning how to make them by herself. Two years later, she produced her first one.”可知，1996年，李珍霞开始学习制作油纸伞；两年后，李珍霞制作了她的第一把油纸伞。故选D。 65．细节理解题。根据第二段“When she was 10, she saw a young bridegroom pass by her house on his way to pick up his bride.”可知，“李看见新郎和他的朋友们拿着六把红色的油纸伞。”排第一；根据第三段“When she was in high school, her physics teacher would arrive with an oil-paper umbrella every time it rained.”可知，“下雨时，她的老师带着一把油纸伞来了。”排第二；根据第四段“In 1996, Li’s dream of oil-paper umbrellas came true when she started learning how to make them by herself. Two years later, she produced her first one. Of course, it was red.”可知，“李做了她的第一把红色油纸伞。”排第三；根据第五段“Today, Li is a boss and has her own stores.”可知，“李拥有自己的商店。”排第四；因此事件的顺序为---。故选B。 66．细节理解题。根据第八段“Production involves over a hundred individual steps, from cutting the bamboo and threading the pieces together, to pasting the paper shade, drying it in the sun and brushing it with oil.”可知，制作油纸伞的步骤从切割竹子开始。故选A。 67．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文讲述了李珍霞从小梦想着拥有一把油纸伞，到后来自己动手制作油纸伞且拥有自己的店铺的故事，说明一个人有梦想并坚持不懈地为之努力，梦想终将实现。故选C。 Passage 2 Deep in the mountains in Longshan Town, Longli County in southwest China’s Guizhou Province, there are some artists performing (演出) Taiping lantern opera. This art form began more than 300 years ago. The members of the troupe (剧团) are at ages from 8 to 87 years old and most of them are farmers. They are usually busy in the fields and only get together to practice their shows and teach the ancient art to younger people after finishing their farm work. On holidays, they visit nearby villages to perform for villagers, making their cultural lives wonderful and enjoyable. The troupe members are always greeted with a warm welcome by the local people. Taiping lantern opera is a local opera in Longli County, Guizhou Province. It puts singing and dancing together. Taiping lantern opera has developed into a more colorful art form. What’s more, you can communicate with the actors during the performance. All the performers paint their faces with beautiful paints. They like to wear ancient clothes. The local people love them very much for their wonderful singing, excellent performance and true living style. 68．The second paragraph is about ________. A．the visit of the troupe B．the history of the troupe C．the forms of the troupe D．the members of the troupe 69．The underlined word it in paragraph 4 refers to ________. A．Longli County B．the village C．Taiping lantern opera D．the government 70．About Taiping lantern opera, we know ________. A．it began over 300 years ago B．actors wear modern clothes C．local people show no interest in it D．a farmer invented it in the field 71．What is the best title for the passage? A．Shows of the Opera Actors B．Introduction to Taiping Lantern Opera C．Styles of Taiping Lantern Opera D．Communication with the Opera Actors 【答案】68．D 69．C 70．A 71．B 【详解】本文主要介绍了贵州省龙里县龙山镇的大山深处的太平灯戏。 68．主旨大意题。根据“The members of the troupe (剧团) are at ages from 8 to 87 years old and most of them are farmers.”可知第二段是关于剧团成员。故选D。 69．词句猜测题。根据“Taiping lantern opera is a local opera in Longli County, Guizhou Province. It puts singing and dancing together. ”可知，太平灯戏是贵州省隆利县的一种地方剧种。它把唱歌和跳舞结合在一起，所以it指代“太平灯戏”，故选C。 70．细节理解题。根据“This art form began more than 300 years ago.”可知，这种艺术形式始于300多年前，故选A。 71．最佳标题题。根据“Deep in the mountains in Longshan Town, Longli County in southwest China’s Guizhou Province, there are some artists performing (演出) Taiping lantern opera. ”及全文介绍可知本文主要介绍了太平灯戏，所以B选项“太平灯戏简介”符合本文标题，故选B。 九、经典主题：科普知识——神奇的颜色。 Passage 1 From red apples and yellow lemons to blueberries and green melons, fruit comes in many different colors. Why do different kinds of fruit have so many colors? According to Lu Wei from the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the fruit’s colors actually come from their different pigments (色素). These pigments appear differently, depending on the fruit’s environment. This causes the fruit to turn a certain color. To find out how environment influences fruit colors, Chinese scientists studied more than 280 different fruit colors. They found that red fruit usually grows in cooler places, and instead of just growing in one place, you can find red fruit growing in many places around the world. Blue and purple fruit mostly grows in warm places. The scientists also found that the closer the fruit is to the equator (赤道), the darker its color will be. Animals have also had an influence on fruit colors. Animals eat fruit and drop the seeds (种子) in other places later. This helps the fruit spread and grow in different places. Therefore, in order to attract animals, some fruit develop colors that are easy for animals to see. Fruit needs to develop colors that are suitable for animals’ visual (视觉的) abilities. For example, birds can see red more easily than humans do. Therefore, there is more red fruit in areas where birds live. The lemurs (狐猴) of Madagascar are red-green color-blind. Different yellow fruit can be found there, as the animals can easily see this color. 72．You are more likely (可能的) to find blue and purple fruit in ________ places. A．cooler B．warmer C．higher D．lower 73．Which of the following sentences is suitable for “ ”? A．Fruit and animals help each other. B．That is why fruit in the wild is more colorful. C．However, not all animals are interested in colors. D．However, animals see colors in a different way. 74．What’s the best title for this passage? A．Why fruit often changes colors. B．Why fruit has different colors. C．How environment influences fruit colors. D．How animals influence fruit colors. 【答案】72．B 73．D 74．B 【详解】本文主要讲述了水果有不同颜色的原因。 72．细节理解题。根据“Blue and purple fruit mostly grows in warm places.”可知更可能在比较暖和的地方找到蓝色和紫色的水果。故选B。 73．推理判断题。根据“Fruit needs to develop colors that are suitable for animals’ visual (视觉的) abilities.”可知水果需要发展出适合动物视觉能力的颜色。由此推出此处最适合的句子是“然而，动物以不同的方式看待颜色。”故选D。 74．最佳标题题。根据“Why do different kinds of fruit have so many colors?”及全文内容可知本文主要讲述了水果有不同颜色的原因。用“Why fruit has different colors.”做标题最合适。故选B。 Passage 2 A new study has shown how the colour of a bowl can influence the taste of the food it holds. Although it is hard to say what a picky eater (挑食的人) is like, the type may include people who have a limited diet, who have strong likes or dislikes for certain food, who require food to be prepared in a special way, who aren’t willing to accept new food, or who show signs of all these features. According to this new study, food was put into two groups in red, blue, or white bowls. While the colour made no difference in taste for non-picky eaters, the picky eaters reported changes in their taste senses based on the colour of the bowl being used. Snacks in red and blue bowls were thought to have more salt than those in white bowls, while snacks in red bowls were less pleasant than those in the other bowls. “This knowledge can be useful for those who want to try more kinds of foods,” says Lorenzo Stafford, a psychologist from the University of Portsmouth in the UK. “For example, if you want to encourage a picky eater to try some bitter (苦的) vegetables, you can try to put them on a pink plate or in a yellow bowl, because this can give him or her a sweet feeling.” At first it may seem strange that a bowl colour can influence the taste of food, but the research before has shown how light and music can influence eating habits. All of our senses are connected, including taste. “This new study can help in treating food neophobia—the unwillingness to try new food,” the team of the study says, and further studies will be required to find out more relationships between colours and foods. “Through further studies, maybe we can decide ways to help actively influence a person’s diet, and as a result, their health in mind and body,” says Stafford. 75．According to the passage, who is a picky eater? • Tom especially likes hamburgers. • Lucy is able to accept new food happily. • Sigmund usually has three meals a day. • Mary doesn’t care how vegetables are cooked. A．Tom. B．Lucy. C．Mary. D．Sigmund. 76．According to the new study, which of the following is true? A．All the colours made no difference in taste to picky eaters. B．Snacks in red bowls seem to be saltier than those in blue bowls. C．Snacks in red bowls seem less pleasant than those in white bowls. D．Putting sweet vegetables on a pink plate may give a bitter feeling. 77．According to the passage, why can a bowl colour influence the taste of food? A．It doesn’t tell us. B．Because people like colourful bowls. C．Because light and music can influence eating habits. D．Because all of our senses are connected, including taste. 78．What does the underlined word neophobia mean? A．美食综合症 B．消化不良 C．新奇恐惧症 D．暴饮暴食 79．Which paragraphs talk about the meaning of this new study? A． B． C． D． 【答案】75．A 76．C 77．D 78．C 79．C 【详解】本文主要介绍了一项新研究，研究表明碗的颜色会影响食物的味道。 75．推理判断题。根据第二段内容“Although it is hard to say what a picky eater (挑食的人) is like, the type may include people who have a limited diet, who have strong likes or dislikes for certain food, who require food to be prepared in a special way, who aren’t willing to accept new food, or who show signs of all these features.”可知，挑食的人可能包括饮食有限的人、对某些食物有强烈好恶的人、要求食物以特殊的方式准备的人、不愿意接受新食物的人等。Tom特别喜欢汉堡，属于“对某些食物有强烈好恶的人”，由此可推断Tom是一个挑食的人。故选A。 76．细节理解题。根据第三段中“According to this new study, food was put into two groups in red, blue, or white bowls. …, while snacks in red bowls were less pleasant than those in the other bowls.”可知，红碗中的小吃不如蓝色和白色碗中的小吃好吃。故选C。 77．细节理解题。根据第五段内容“At first it may seem strange that a bowl colour can influence the taste of food, but the research before has shown how light and music can influence eating habits. All of our senses are connected, including taste.”可知，碗的颜色能影响食物的味道是因为我们所有的感官都是相连的，包括味觉。故选D。 78．词句猜测题。根据“the unwillingness to try new food”可知，不敢尝试新食物，可猜测neophobia的意思应是“新奇恐惧症”。故选C。 79．主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，第六段和第七段说明了这项新研究的意义：不仅有助于治疗新食物恐惧症，还可以通过积极影响一个人的饮食，从而影响他的身心健康。故选C。 十、热点主题：环境污染与防治。 Passage 1 80．What does the text mainly tell us? A．How to live a green life. B．How to live better in cities. C．How to protect our oceans. D．How to volunteer for cleanups. 81．According to the text, why should we use less water? A．In order to keep more fish alive. B．In order to make seafood sustainable. C．Because it will make boats move safely. D．Because less wastewater will run into the ocean. 82．As volunteers, what can we do to help oceans? A．Stop using cleaning products. B．Volunteer for cleanups at the beach. C．Stop in sandy areas not far from sea grasses. D．Only take part in protecting our watershed. 83．According to the text, which of the following actions is bad for oceans? A．Use plastic bags to save money. B．Reduce what you throw away. C．Go boating at a safe speed. D．Go to work on foot. 84．In which part of a magazine can we read the text? A．Art B．Teenage C．Nature D．Job 【答案】80．C 81．D 82．B 83．A 84．C 【详解】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了保护海洋的八种方法。 80．主旨大意题。根据“Eight ways to help our oceans”可知，主要讲述了保护海洋的八种方法，故选C。 81．细节理解题。根据“Use less water so less waste water will run into the ocean.”可知，少用水，这样流入海洋的废水就会少。故选D。 82．细节理解题。根据“Volunteer for cleanups at the beach and around your home. You can take part in protecting your watershed (流域) too!”可知，作为志愿者我们可以通过保护我们的流域来保护海洋。故选B。 83．细节理解题。根据“Choose sustainable (可持续的) seafood. Buy less plastic and bring a reusable bag.”可知，使用塑料袋省钱对海洋有害。故选A。 84．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文讲述了保护海洋的八种方法，应是在杂志的自然部分可以读到此文章，故选C。 Passage 2 At the age of 12, Romario Valentine is famous around the world. Why? Because he wrote a book named Protect Our Planet:Take Action with Romario. Romario is a boy from Durban in South Africa. He is famous around the world for his tree planting and beach clean-up projects. He thinks people should learn to protect the environment from a young age. And a book can guide kids with information on how to protect the planet. But when he went to the library to borrow such books, he found most books about that were not easy to read, especially for children at his age. So Romario made a big plan—to write his own book. He hoped the book could help more children find a way to protect the environment. Then it was time to carry out the plan. In the beginning, Romario decided to talk about water, animals, reuse and plastic pollution in the book. Then came the most difficult part—putting his ideas on paper, and making time to do research. Romario spent a lot of time and energy on them. But he made it after all with the help of his parents. Finally, the book came out in September 2022. It’s popular among kids. “This book is quite fun,” says a young reader. “You can find some exciting scientific experiments (实验) and art activities. You can learn what jobs a child can do to protect the environment from it. It’s very helpful.” Now Romario is still working to change the world. What does he plan to do next? We cannot wait to see it! 85．Why did Romario write his own book? A．To encourage people to plant a lot of trees. B．To make people borrow books in the library. C．To teach children to carry on with the projects. D．To help children learn to protect the environment. 86．What can we know from Romario’s writing experience? A．He got help from his teachers. B．He worked hard for his book. C．He wrote the book for the old. D．He put his ideas on paper easily. 87．What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 4 refer to? A．The book. B．The plan. C．The project. D．The environment. 88．What’s the best title for the passage? A．Romario’s Plan for Organizing Activities B．Romario’s Research for Cleaning the Beach C．Romario’s Project on Scientific Experiments D．Romario’s Book on Protecting the Environment 【答案】85．D 86．B 87．A 88．D 【详解】本文主要介绍了Romario写的关于环境保护的书。 85．细节理解题。根据“So Romario made a big plan—to write his own book. He hoped the book could help more children find a way to protect the environment.”可知他希望这本书能帮助更多的孩子找到保护环境的方法。故选D。 86．细节理解题。根据“Romario spent a lot of time and energy on them.”可知他很努力，故选B。 87．词句猜测题。根据“This book is quite fun”以及“You can find some exciting scientific experiments (实验) and art activities. You can learn what jobs a child can do to protect the environment from it. It’s very helpful.”可知it指代这本书，故选A。 88．最佳标题。本文主要介绍了Romario写的关于环境保护的书，故选D。 十一、经典主题：人与动植物的和谐相处。 Passage 1 Cuttlefish Can Watch 3D Movies and Wear the Glasses When tested, subjects showed cuttlefish have depth perception (深度知觉) much like humans. Humans and cuttlefish are similar. How do you ask? They can both watch and react to 3D movies. The scientists studied this by gluing Velcro (粘扣带) near their eyeballs, and then sticking on 3D glasses. It wasn’t easy. “It took a lot of coaxing of the cuttlefish to make them wear their glasses,” Trevor Wardill said. “They’ll want to play with it.” Once a cuttlefish got hungry, the scientists showed them 3D videos featuring two shrimp silhouettes (剪影), each a different color and a different distance from the camera. This proved that cuttlefish do have depth perception, just like humans. In some cases they would get so close to the video shrimp that their tentacles (触须) were hitting the screen itself. “I was excited. We were sort of jumping up and down,” Wardill said. He also said that the cuttlefish would immediately get real shrimp as a reward. The study proved that the cuttlefish see in 3D, but not exactly the same way that humans do. Also, even though they have “fish” in their name, cuttlefish aren’t really fish. “While cuttlefish have similar eyes to humans, their brains are significantly different,” Paloma Gonzalez-Bellido, assistant professor at the University of Minnesota, said in a university press release. “We know that cuttlefish brains aren’t like humans. They do not seem to have a single part of the brain dedicated to processing vision (专心致志于处理视觉). Our research shows there must be an area in their brain that compares the images (图像) from a cuttlefish’s left and right eye and computes (计算) their differences.” 89．What does “it” refer to in Para 1? A．Depth perception. B．Wearing glasses. C．Gluing Velcro. D．The test. 90．From the passage, we can infer that shrimp are cuttlefish’s ________. A．food B．playmates C．rewards D．enemies 91．What did the research aim at? A．Cuttlefish’s brain is different from ours. B．Cuttlefish do have depth perception. C．Cuttlefish can watch and react to 3D movies. D．Cuttlefish are the most intelligent. 92．What’s the purpose of the last paragraph? A．To explain the reason. B．To provide more information. C．To share the finding. D．To compare cuttlefish with humans. 【答案】89．B 90．A 91．B 92．A 【详解】本文通过研究证实乌贼有深度知觉。 89．词义猜测题。根据“The scientists studied this by gluing Velcro (粘扣带) near their eyeballs, and then sticking on 3D glasses.”可知，it指代上文给乌贼戴眼镜的整个过程。故选B。 90．推理判断题。根据“Once a cuttlefish got hungry, the scientists showed them 3D videos featuring two shrimp silhouettes (剪影), each a different color and a different distance from the camera.”可知，一旦乌贼饿了，科学家们就给它们看3D视频，视频中有两个虾的剪影，由此可知，虾是乌贼的食物。故选A。 91．推理判断题。根据“This proved that cuttlefish do have depth perception, just like humans.”可知，研究旨在证明乌贼像人类一样有着深度知觉。故选B。 92．推理判断题。根据“The study proved that the cuttlefish see in 3D, but not exactly the same way that humans do.”及“While cuttlefish have similar eyes to humans, their brains are significantly different”及最后一段内容可知，本段主要是解释乌贼和人类不同的原因。故选A。 Passage 2 How long whales live in fresh water has become a matter of some discussion with several visits of whales to fresh water. The interest in this matter first became hottest in 1985 when Humphrey the humpback whale (座头鲸) managed several weeks in the fresh water of the Sacramento River before finally returning to the Pacific Ocean. The matter happened again in May of 2007, when a mother whale and her baby whale entered the Sacramento River. In general, some experts say that it is uncommon to see whales in fresh water for more than a few weeks because most whales are built for salt water environments. Scientists are not exactly sure how long whales can live in fresh water. In fresh water, they can’t get their regular food. Besides, small cuts, for example, are easily cured in salt water. Fresh water environments do not provide materials which are good for cuts. Fresh water environments are also not natural for a whale’s swimming and diving activities. Most whales swim in water that is at least 20 feet (6.1 m) deep. Fresh water rivers may be only a few feet deeper than the girth of a whale’s body. This makes them more likely to be beached. Many whales are migratory (迁徙的) animals by habit. Since they are not used to the route they are taking, whales can easily get lost. Biologists are certain that few whales in fresh water will survive more than a month. Though it may be interesting to see whales in fresh water, it’s a matter of concern (担心) to whale lovers. 93．What makes the matter how long whales live in fresh water be discussed? A．Humans want to find more places for whales. B．Humans want to find fresh water in the ocean. C．Whales are facing dangers living in the sea. D．Whales make several visits to fresh water. 94．What does the underlined word “girth” in the third paragraph probably mean? A．Health. B．Width. C．Warmth. D．Weight. 95．Which of the following facts are the scientists sure of? A．There isn’t plenty of food in fresh water. B．Whales can live in fresh water quite long. C．Whales can’t get small cuts easily in salt water. D．Few whales in fresh water will survive too long. 96．What would probably be discussed in the next part? A．The route that the whales would know. B．The actions taken to keep whales in fresh water. C．The ways to help whales return to their natural environments. D．The research on how long whales will survive in fresh water. 97．This text is most probably from the part of ________ in a newspaper. A．Travel B．Geography C．Science D．Environment 【答案】93．D 94．B 95．D 96．C 97．C 【详解】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要就近来鲸鱼频频出现在淡水区域这一问题介绍了鲸鱼不适合在淡水中长期生活的原因及担忧，尽管在淡水区域看到鲸鱼是一件有趣的事情，但是这不利于鲸鱼的生存。 93．细节理解题。根据第一段“How long whales live in fresh water has become a matter of some discussion with several visits of whales to fresh water.”可知，鲸鱼多次造访淡水水域才导致鲸鱼在淡水中生活多久的问题被讨论。故选D。 94．词义猜测题。根据下文“This makes them more likely to be beached.”可知，鲸鱼容易在淡水中搁浅，说明淡水区域的水不深，这应该是与鲸鱼的腰围的宽度相比，据此可以推断girth与width“宽度”意思相近。故选B。 95．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Biologists are certain that few whales in fresh water will survive more than a month.”可知，生物学家确信淡水中很少有鲸鱼能存活超过一个月。故选D。 96．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Though it may be interesting to see whales in fresh water, it’s a matter of concern to whale lovers.”可知，此处提到了鲸鱼造访淡水水域这一现象引起了鲸鱼爱好者的担忧，所以接下来应该会谈论人们如何帮助鲸鱼返回居住地。故选C。 97．推理判断题。因为鲸鱼频频造访淡水水域，引发了人们对鲸鱼能够在淡水区域生存多长时间这一问题进行了讨论，科学家们对这一问题没有定论。但是淡水水域不利于鲸鱼的生存，研究人员给出了原因；据此可以推断，本文很有可能源自报纸的科学版块。故选C。 十二、热点主题：航空航天，人类飞天梦想的提升！ Passage 1 On October 12, 2022, Chinese astronauts on board China’s Tiangong space station gave a science lesson 400 kilometers above Earth. It was a great success. Do you still remember the first space lesson hosted by Wang Yaping in 2013? Helped by the other two astronauts, she gave the lesson to more than 60 million school children all over the country. While watching the science lesson from the Tiangong-1 on the morning of June 20, 2013, Wang Lutian, a 10-year-old disabled student at a special school in downtown Beijing, was drawing a colorful rocket with crayons in his classroom. “Moon…stars…a rocket to the sky,” Wang explained his work in a cheerful voice. At that time, he and more than 100 other disabled students were enjoying the lesson given by Wang Yaping, who talked about movements in micro-gravity（微重力）environments. “Zero gravity!” Qian Shaohong, another student at the school, shouted when he saw astronaut Nie Haisheng making a show of crossing his legs in mid-air. “Scientific knowledge has helped open a window for the children to know about the world,” said Zhang Yini, a teacher at the school. The lesson also increased（增加）interest in space science among teenagers living on the “roof (屋脊) of the world”. “I was most interested in the presentation of the ‘water ball’ in a gravity-free environment. It’s really amazing,” said Rigzin Jigme Doje, a high school student in Lhasa, Xizang. Describing himself as a lover of physics, Doje said the lesson helped him stay true to his dream of becoming a physicist. The lesson also encouraged other Xizangan school children to relate the mysterious world of outer space to their hometown. 98．The space lesson in 2013 was for ________. A．Chinese astronauts B．school children in China C．Chinese teachers D．scientists all over China 99．Which picture shows Nie Haisheng’s body movement according to the text? A． B． C． D． 100．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? A．Wang Yaping’s talk on micro-gravity environments. B．The efforts of the disabled students in a special school. C．The influence of the space lesson on the disabled students. D．A 10-year-old student’s dream of sending a rocket to the sky. 101．What do we know about Rigzin Jigme Doje? A．He loved physics. B．He liked drawing stars. C．He was a primary school student. D．He talked a lot about his work. 102．After watching the space lesson, the Xizangan students ________. A．had a new view of their high schools B．got an amazing “water ball” in space C．increased an understanding of the roof of the world D．developed a deep interest in the world of outer space 【答案】98．B 99．C 100．C 101．A 102．D 【详解】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了中国天宫空间站上的中国宇航员进行的科学课，科学课影响了全国各地6000多万名学生，使学生们对太空科学产生了浓厚的兴趣，尤其是对身患残疾和居住在西藏的青少年产生了积极的影响。 98．细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词2013定位到第一段第三、四句，根据“Helped by the other two astronauts, she gave the lesson to more than 60 million school children all over the country.”可知，2013年的太空课是为学校的学生们准备的。故选B。 99．细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词 Nie Haisheng定位至第二段倒数第二句，根据“astronaut Nie Haisheng making a show of crossing his legs in mid-air.”可知，宇航员聂海胜在空中的动作是交叉双腿。故选C。 100．主旨大意题。第二段介绍两个有着身体缺陷的学生Wang Lutian和Qian Shaohong，结合段中的“At that time, he and more than 100 other disabled students were enjoying the lesson given by Wang Yaping, who talked about movements in micro-gravity（微重力）environments.”和“Scientific knowledge has helped open a window for the children to know about the world”可知，第二段主要讲的是太空科学课对残障学生的影响。故选C。 101．细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词Rigzin Jigme Doje定位第三段最后一句，根据“Describing himself as a lover of physics, Doje said the lesson helped him stay true to his dream of becoming a physicist.”可知，Doje想成为一名物理学家，因此他对物理有着浓厚的兴趣。故选A。 102．推理判断题。根据题干中的关键词Xizangan students定位至文章最后一段，根据“The lesson also encouraged other Xizangan school children to relate the mysterious world of outer space to their hometown.”可知，这节课还激发了藏族学校的孩子们对外太空世界的兴趣。故选D。 Passage 2 “Welcome to our new ‘classroom’!” said Chen Dong, one of the three astronauts of the Shenzhou XIV mission (神舟十四号任务). They were giving a science class 400 kilometers above Earth on Oct 12. It was the third space class from the Tiangong space station, but the first one from the Wentian lab module (实验舱) since its launch in July. The former two classes were held in the Tianhe core module (核心舱). What does the new “classroom” look like? Chen, together with Liu Yang and Cai Xuzhe, showed us around. “The beds in the Tianhe module are placed horizontally (横着), while our beds are kept upright,” said Liu. That means astronauts in the Wentian lab module need to sleep standing up! But as Liu explained, people don’t feel any difference because there’s no gravity (重力) in space. Astronauts can even sleep on the ceiling (天花板) or upside down! The astronauts also showed their “space farm”, where lettuce, wheat (小麦), thale cress (拟南芥) and rice are grown. “Take a picture!” “Send the picture!” Through a voice-controlled camera, Chen already sent a picture of the thale cress to scientists on Earth. Then he used scissors to cut a sample (样本). “I’ll put it into a fridge at - 80℃ and later give it to scientists on Earth,” said Chen. Scientists will study how the environment of space affects the growth of plants. “Can you see the water drops coming from the leaves? This is called ‘guttation’ (植物吐水现象),” said Liu, holding the well-grown rice. In space, the water drops are much bigger than those on Earth. So people can clearly see the guttation. “We hope in the near future, we can harvest (收获) the food grown on our own,” said Chen. “Maybe one day, we can harvest food on the other planets like moon or even Mars!” 103．Where did the third space class take place? A．In the Shenzhou XIV. B．In the Tianhe core module. C．In the Wentian lab module. D．In the International Space Station. 104．How do astronauts in the Wentian module sleep? A． B． C． D． 105．How do scientists on Earth study the plants in the space station? A．By watching them through real-time video cameras. B．By taking and collecting pictures themselves. C．By growing the plants in space themselves. D．By studying the samples astronauts bring back. 106．What was shown in the third class in the Tiangong space station? A．Cooking. B．The space farm. C．Astronauts harvesting food. D．The surface tension of water. 107．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．Farmers can get crops on moons soon. B．Scientists will try to grow food on moons or even Mars. C．Lettuce, wheat (小麦), thale cress (拟南芥) will be grown on other planets, too. D．“Guttation” can be seen from leaves of rice. 【答案】103．C 104．C 105．D 106．B 107．B 【详解】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了在10月12日，“太空教师”陈冬在中国空间站给广大青少年上太空科普课的事情。 103．细节理解题。根据“It was the third space class from the Tiangong space station, but the first one from the Wentian lab module.”可知，第三次太空课堂的举行地点是问天实验舱。故选C。 104．细节理解题。根据“That means astronauts in the Wentian lab module need to sleep standing up!”可知，航天员在问天实验舱需要站着睡觉，选项C图片符合描述。故选C。 105．细节理解题。根据“I’ll put it into a fridge...how the environment of space affects the growth of plants.”可知，航天员会将样品放进冰箱然后交给地球上的科学家，所以科学家是通过航天员带回来的样品来研究太空植物的。故选D。 106．细节理解题。根据“The astronauts also showed their ‘space farm’”可知，航天员展示了他们的太空农场。故选B。 107．推理判断题。根据“Maybe one day, we can harvest food on the other planets like moon or even Mars!”可知，或许有一天，科学家们将尝试在月球或火星等其他星球上种植植物。故选B。 试卷第1页，共2页 试卷第1页，共43页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 期末培优02阅读理解分类精练（十二大类） 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 试卷说明： 本试卷难度系数约0.4，只适合尖子生考前查漏补缺使用。 考点目录 一、计划与愿望——梦想：前进的动力！ 1 二、永恒的实用主题——身心健康：健康饮食，培养自信，快乐生活！ 4 三、经典实用主题——哲理感悟。 7 四、高频主题：学习方法与策略。 9 五、人类最美是真情——亲情与友情类。 12 六、志愿服务类——服务他人，快乐自己。 15 七、热点主题——走进文学名著，享受阅读乐趣。 16 八、热点主题：中华优秀传统文化与艺术。 20 九、经典主题：科普知识——神奇的颜色。 22 十、热点主题：环境污染与防治。 25 十一、经典主题：人与动植物的和谐相处。 27 十二、热点主题：航空航天，人类飞天梦想的提升！ 29 一、计划与愿望——梦想：前进的动力！ Passage 1 Do you know what a resolution is? It’s a kind of promise. Most of the time, we make promises to other people.  (“Mom, I promise I’m going to tidy my room when I get back from school. ”)  However, and the most common kind is New Year’s resolutions. The start of the year is often a time for making resolutions. When we make resolutions at the beginning of the year, we hope that we are going to improve our lives. Some people write down their resolutions and plans for the coming year. This helps them to remember their resolutions. Others tell their family and friends about their wishes and plans. There are different kinds of resolutions. Some are about physical health. For example, some people promise themselves they are going to start an exercise program or eat less fast food. Many resolutions have to do with self-improvement. These are about making yourself a better person. Some people might say they are going to take up a hobby like painting or taking photos, or learn to play the guitar. Some resolutions have to do with better planning, a student may have to find more time to study. Although there are differences, most resolutions have one thing in common. People hardly ever keep them!There are good reasons for this. Sometimes the resolutions may be too difficult to keep. Sometimes people just forget about them. For this reason, some people say the best resolution is to have no resolutions!How about you? The key to having successful new year’s resolutions, is to find resolutions that are good for us — in other words, resolutions that meet with our lifestyle and interests. Being honest with ourselves and what we want in life can go a long way towards achieving our resolutions. Whether you love setting new resolutions or you’re doing it for the first time, you will be sure to find a resolution that encourages you and make 2024 the best year. 1．When do people make a new year’s resolution? A．At the end of the year. B．In the middle of the year. C．At the beginning of the year. D．During the second month of the year. 2．Which one of the following is a resolution? A．I will learn a new skill in the coming new year. B．I promise, Mom, I will work hard this term. C．Trust me, Dad. I will learn to be brave. D．Miss Yang, you’ll see a better me next term. 3．Why do people make a new year’s resolution? A．To celebrate the new year. B．To be a better self. C．To remember the plan. D．To make parents happy. 4．What is the writer’s attitude (态度) towards the new year’s resolutions? A．Doubtful. B．Curious. C．Supportive. D．Worried. Passage 2 We all have dreams. Do you still remember your dream when you were still a middle school student. As teenagers, you may have many dreams. Maybe you wanted to be a scientist, a teacher or a doctor. These dreams can be very big, such as winning a Nobel Prize, or very small. You may just want to become one of the ten best students in your class. If you have a dream, what do you do with it? Do you try to make your dream come true? Andrew Matthews wrote a book called Follow Your Heart. It tells us it’s the biggest challenge(挑战) to make our dreams come true. There will be many difficulties on the road to your dreams. But you must never give up your dream. Because the biggest difficulty comes from you yourself. Everyone can make his/her dream come true. The first thing to do is to remember your dream. Don’t let it leave your heart. Keep telling yourself what you want and keep working hard. Do this step by step and your dream will come true one day. 5．Follow Your Heart is the name of . A．Andrew Matthews B．a book about hearts C．a book by Andrew Matthews D．a dream 6．Which of the following may be a small dream for teenagers? A．To be a man like Nobel. B．To win a Nobel Prize. C．To be the best student in the class. D．To be a scientist. 7．If you want to make your dream come true, the biggest difficulty is from . A．the book B．your school C．your dream D．you yourself 8．Which of the following is true according to the passage? A．Different people have the same dream. B．If you keep on, you can make your dream come true. C．There are few difficulties on the road to everyone’s dream. D．When you give up your dream, it will come true soon. 二、永恒的实用主题——身心健康：健康饮食，培养自信，快乐生活！ Passage 1 As we all know, if a person isn’t in good health, he or she can’t study or work well, or live comfortably. Staying healthy is one of the most important goals in everyone’s life. During the past two years, the COVID-19 pandemic (流行病), especially the worrying new variant-Omicron (奥密克戎), has led many people to pay more attention to their health. Exercising is an excellent way to keep healthy. So what are the most popular activities? What are different people’s favourites? And what are some factors (因素) holding people back from physical fitness? Here’s the result of a recent survey on people’s exercise. Top 6 popular activities Different favourites What’s stopping peoplefrom exercise Running      57.3% Walking      51.5% Cycling      36.6% Playing ball games  25.8% Swimming    25.0% Hiking       21.6% Born after 2000 Ball games Born in 1990s Yoga No professional (专业的) training 42.9% No time 33.2% Not exercise facilities (设施)  23.9% Born in 1980s Swimming Born in 1970s Walking 9．According to the survey, what is the most popular activity? A．Hiking. B．Cycling. C．Running. D．Swimming. 10．What kind of activity may a 15-year-old student probably like best? A．Ball games. B．Swimming. C．Walking. D．Yoga. 11．If 1,000 people took part in the survey, how many people would think “No time” is the main factor in stopping them from exercise? A．429. B．664. C．332. D．239. 12．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Young people born in 1980s like Yoga most. B．Playing ball games is less popular than swimming. C．Most people think they don’t exercise because of no facilities. D．The survey is based on three questions about people’s exercise. Passage 2 “I wish I had straight hair”; “I’d like to be taller”. At times, we all want to look a bit more like someone else. However, the pictures we see on TV and social media can give us improper ideas about how our bodies “should” look. The truth is that everybody is different—and that’s a good thing. Accepting and feeling good about our bodies is really important for our self confidence. Body confidence is when someone accepts and behaves kindly towards their body. That includes our size and shape, skin color, appearance and any physical disabilities. Jade Parnell from the Centre for Appearance Research (CAR), says that having body confidence is “about accepting your body and what it does for you”. Research has even shown if you have body confidence, you may take part in more activities and perform better in school. However, feeling worried about your body could make you step back, do less well at school and even feel down. Parnell says that the cost of trying to achieve the “perfect” appearance is high. She says, “If you’re spending a lot of time trying to look a certain way, you will have less time to spend with friends and to make important memories.” It’s important to remember that everybody is different. To develop a positive body image, Parnell says, “Try to talk positively about your own body and other people’s bodies. Try not to pay too much attention to appearance. Instead, think about what your body does for you; do your legs make you run really fast?” She also suggests treating your body well by eating different kinds of foods, exercising to feel good and to have fun, and getting plenty of sleep. Remember that you are more than how you look. 13．The writer thinks that the pictures on TV and social media _________. A．are perfect for people to follow B．show everyone is different C．may spread wrong ideas of looks D．show people how to behave kindly 14．Body confidence doesn’t include _________. A．size and shape B．skin color C．personalities D．physical disabilities 15．Which is True according to the article? A．You should accept your body as it is. B．You should spend more money on your appearance. C．You should avoid talking about others’ bodies. D．You should remember what you used to be like. 16．This sentence “If you feel positively (积极地) about your body, you are more likely to take care of it” can be put in _________. A． B． C． D． 17．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To encourage readers to take more exercise. B．To tell readers not to eat too much food. C．To lead readers to build up body confidence. D．To advise readers to treat their friends well. Passage 3 Most people feel that you should shower as often as possible because this will make sure that you are clean. What’s more, showering can be comfortable, as it will wash away your troubles and cares. It is important to shower often to keep good personal hygiene (卫生), but in fact showering too much can do harm to your skin’s (皮肤的) health. It is necessary to find a good balance that will keep your skin clean but will allow it to stay healthy. Bathing regularly (有规律地) is very important for several reasons. It can help prevent disease and will also improve good hygiene. The important thing to keep in mind, however, is that how often you should take a bath depends on many different factors (因素). Scientists agree that most people should not shower too often and in fact, if they cut down the showering times, it can be an unbelievably healthy decision for their skin. The exceptions to this rule are people who take the underground, or work in some other crowded spaces, go to the fitness centre daily or those who are in touch with sick people (such as those coughing, sneezing or sniffling during the flu season). Usually, you only need to shower twice out of each three days and some people can do so just every other day. When you don’t shower daily, your skin is better able to keep its balance. The important thing is to remember to use a wash cloth in areas that need daily attention for hygienic. If you feel the need to wash your hair every day, there is no problem with this. You should shower more often depending on a few factors such as whether you use public places that are filled with bacteria (细菌) (like the underground or buses) and whether you exercise regularly. 18．What does the underlined word “crowded” in paragraph 3 mean? A．私密的 B．拥挤的 C．封闭的 D．空旷的 19．Which of them should shower more often according to the writer? A．One who works alone in an office. B．Those who exercise once a week. C．One who works in a public place. D．Those Taobao sellers in their homes. 20．What does the writer mainly want to say? A．Why we should take a bath. B．What we should do when taking a bath. C．How we can take a bath comfortably. D．How often we should take a bath. 三、经典实用主题——哲理感悟。 Passage 1 A boy was at a market with his sister. The sister was standing in front of a toy shop. She was looking at something inside the shop’s window. The boy asked, “What are you looking at?” The sister pointed at the doll. The boy told her that he would buy the doll for her. The sister was very happy. Then the boy asked the shopkeeper, “How much does this doll cost?” The shopkeeper looked at the boy and said, “Well, what can you pay?” The boy took out all the seashells (贝壳) that he had collected from the beach and gave them to the shopkeeper. The shopkeeper took the shells and started counting as if he were counting coins (硬币). Then he turned to the boy. The boy asked him, “Is it enough?” The shopkeeper said, “No, it’s plenty. In fact, it’s more than enough,” He kept four of the seashells and gave the rest back to the boy. The boy happily put the shells back in his pocket and left with his sister and her new doll. The shopkeeper’s assistant (助手) was surprised. He asked the shopkeeper, “Why did you do that? That doll cost a lot of money. And it certainly costs more than four seashells.” The shopkeeper replied, “To us, these are just seashells. But to that boy, they’re very valuable. When he grows up, he’ll remember that he once bought a doll for his sister with seashells. It might remind him that the world has generous and kind people in it. And perhaps, he too will be generous and kind to others.” 21．Why did the little girl stop at the shop’s window? A．Because she was very tired and couldn’t walk. B．Because she wanted to buy a toy for the boy. C．Because she saw some beautiful seashells. D．Because she was interested in a toy inside. 22．As the shopkeeper was counting the seashells, he ________. A．thought there were coins inside the seashells B．knew the boy was playing a trick on him C．acted like what he was counting were coins D．knew he could get the money back from their mom 23．What does the story teach us? A．Be generous and kind to others. B．Be ready to learn from others. C．Don’t treat children like fools. D．Don’t give kids valuable things. Passage 2 Think of life as a game in which you are playing with five balls in the air. You name them work, family, health, friends and spirit and you keep all of them in the air. You will soon understand that work is a rubber ball. If you drop it, it will bounce (弹跳) back. But the other four balls, family, health, friends and spirit, are made of glass. If you drop one of these, they will be broken. They will never be the same. You must understand that and try to have balance in your life. How? Don’t look down on your worth by comparing yourself with others. It is because we are different and each of us is special. Don’t let other people set goals for you. Only you know what is best for yourself. Don’t give up when you still have something to give. Nothing is really over until the moment you stop trying. Don’t be afraid of difficulties. It is by taking chances that we learn how to be brave. Don’t shut love out of your life by saying it’s impossible. The quickest way to receive love is to give it; the fastest way to lose love is to hold it too tightly; the best way to keep love is to give it wings. Don’t run through life so fast that you forget not only where you’ve been, but also where you are going. Don’t be afraid to learn. Knowledge is a treasure you can always carry easily. Don’t use time or words carelessly. You can’t get them back. Yesterday is history, tomorrow is a mystery, and today is a gift, that’s why we call it “the present”. Life is not a competition, but a trip, step by step. 24．The passage tells us not to _________ because everyone is special. A．be afraid of difficulties B．be afraid to learn C．run through life so fast D．compare yourself with others to look down on your worth 25．The sentence “Nothing is really over until the moment you stop trying.” means that ___________. A．Nothing is possible B．If we don’t give up, there is always hope C．You should learn to give up D．Although you try, nothing will change. 26．The best way to keep love is to ___________. A．say it’s impossible B．give it C．give it wings D．hold it tightly According to the passage, which is the best title? 27 A．Nothing is impossible. B．Glass balls are easy to be broken. C．Things you can’t do. D．Treat your life in a right way. 四、高频主题：学习方法与策略。 Passage 1 28．What is NOT mentioned to improve mental health? A．Mind & Body. B．Breathing. C．Problem-Solving. D．Caring for others. 29．What can students do to reduce stress? They can manage time effectively.     They can take part in regular exercise. They can keep feelings to themselves. They can have a bath or go for a walk. A． B． C． D． 30．What is the poster mainly about? A．The importance of mental health. B．The methods of staying mentally healthy. C．The introduction to mental health. D．The application for Office of Student Affairs. Passage 2 Lesson 4 Steps in the Design Process Identify (设定) a problemThe first step in the design process is to set a problem. Suppose your pet’s toy is behind a big piece of furniture. It’s too heavy to move, and you can’t reach. You’ve just identified a problem. You need to get the toy back. ▲You could use a long set of tongs (钳子) to pick up the object. Propose a solution The next step is to think of possible solutions. Solutions are ideas to solve the problem. What are some ideas that could help solve your problem? Pick the best one to try. Talk to people, watch, and do research. What materials are needed? Are they at hand? Are there any risks? Build a modelBuild a model to test your ideas. A model helps you understand how your solution works. How much would it cost to make? ▲You could put something sticky at the end of a meter stick and try to get the object. ▲You could use a meter stick with a magnet on a string to attract the object. Test the designInventors test their design by asking questions. Does the invention do what it was designed to do? Why? Why not? A smart inventor also asks others to test the invention and then listens to them. If the invention does not work, the inventor would have to revise it until he is satisfied. Explain the design Finally you communicate how you solve the problem. Communication can be like a show and tell. You can also use group discussions, written reports, and pictures. If you’ve made a product you want to sell, you name it and advertise it. 31．The page above is most likely to be taken from a _________. A．tourists’ guide B．students’ book C．daily newspaper D．science magazine 32．What can help understand how the solution works? A．A problem B．A model C．A design D．An advertisement 33．What does the underlined word “revise” mean in Chinese? A．复习 B．评论 C．修改 D．绘制 34．What problem are the three solutions designed to solve? A．To attract the long metre stick. B．To make it easier to drop litter into the bin. C．To get something you can’t reach. D．To play a trick on your favourite pet. 35．Which of the following shows the correct order of the steps between Identify a problem and Explain the design and can be put in the on the page above? A． B． C． D． 五、人类最美是真情——亲情与友情类。 Passage 1 A mother held her new baby and very slowly rocked him back and forth (来回地), back and forth, back and forth. And while she held him, she sang: I’ll love you forever, I’ll like you for always, As long as I’m living, my baby you’ll be. The little boy grew. Then he was two years old, and he ran all around the house. He pulled all the books off. And he took his mother’s watch and put it in the toilet. Sometimes his mother would say, “This kid is making me CRAZY!” But at night, when he was really asleep, she picked him up and rocked him back and forth, back and forth. He grew until he was nine years old. And he never wanted to come in for dinner, he never wanted to take a bath, and when grandma visited, he always said bad words. Sometimes his mother wanted to sell him to the zoo! The boy grew. He grew until he was a teenager. He had strange friends and he wore strange clothes and he listened to strange music. Sometimes the mother felt like she was in a zoo! That teenager grew. He grew until he was a grown-up man. He left home and got a house in the city. Well, that mother, she got older. She got older and older and older. One day she called up her son and said, “You’d better come to see me because I’m very old and sick.” So her son came to see her. When he came in the door she tried to sing the song: I’ll love you forever, I’ll like you for always, But she couldn’t finish because she was too old and sick. The son went to his mother. He held her in his arms very slowly rocked him back and forth, back and forth, back and forth. And he sang this song: I’ll love you forever, I’ll like you for always, As long as I’m living, my Mommy you’ll be. 36．This story is about ________. A．mother and son B．father and son C．mother and daughter D．father and daughter 37．Was the mother still crazy when her son was asleep? A．Yes, she was. B．Yes, she wasn’t. C．No, she was. D．No, she wasn’t. 38．From the underlined sentences, we can know that the boy might ________ when young. A．make much trouble B．have good manners C．showed love properly D．showed gift in sports 39．The underlined phrase “As long as” probably means ________ in Chinese. A．既然 B．只要 C．虽然 D．像……一样长 40．Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to this article? A．The boy had strange friends when he was a teenager. B．The boy didn’t live with his mother when he grew up. C．The son returned to show his love for his mom in the end. D．The boy’s mother sold him to the zoo when he was nine years old. Passage 2 During the last few years of his life, my dad lived just up the road from me in a tiny house. He had been alone for over 20 years after losing his wife. His mother had recently passed away too. He was disabled and retired (退休), so he spent a lot of time alone. Several times a week, though, I would take a walk up to his house. We would sit in the living room, drink tea and talk. It wasn’t anything big. We talked about sports, cars, gardening, weather, and enjoyed a laugh over old memories. It wasn’t anything too deep. It was just a simple sharing, a connection between a father and a son, an hour spent just enjoying each other’s company. Those afternoons remain some of my happiest time spent with my dad. It allowed us to gently heal (治愈) any old wounds we had given each other when I was growing up. It allowed us to silently give each other time and love. It allowed us to grow closer together before he left this world. I know that when my own time in this world is done, I will get to spend another afternoon with my dad. We will sit, talk, catch up, and quietly enjoy each other’s company. We will share all the love we didn’t get to share. And we will remember that afternoon forever. If there is one thing that I learned from those afternoons, it is this: It is never too late to spend time with those you love. It is never too late to tell them that you love them. It is never too late to heal a relationship and mend a hurting heart. Begin today! Spend an afternoon with those you love and those afternoons will become a lifetime. 41．What do we know about the author’s family from Paragraph 1? A．The author lived far from his dad. B．His dad couldn’t talk in voice freely. C．His grandma passed away not long ago. D．His grandma lived with his dad for 20 years. 42．When he was visiting his dad, he did lots of things with him EXCEPT ________. A．drinking tea in the living room B．laughing happily during the talk C．talking about life and memories D．taking his dad to walk up to his house 43．The purpose of Paragraph 3 is written to ________. A．imagine a beautiful future for his dad B．advise people to spend afternoons nicely C．show the author’s expectations for his children D．show that the writer values the time spent with his dad 44．What does the author want to tell us? A．There is no need to heal a relationship. B．Spend more time with the ones we love. C．It is never too late to learn to be a parent. D．Don’t wait for others to mend your hurting heart. 六、志愿服务类——服务他人，快乐自己。 Passage 1 Kanduwa Sande is a policeman at the Machinga Police Station in Malawi. The 42-year-old policeman also has a love for sports. He has worked for 11 years to build a sports center for children. Sande says the purpose is to help develop sports and reduce crime in his community. “One of our duties (职责) as police officers is to reduce crime—to prevent people from doing crime,” he said. “When one is doing nothing, he may indulge (沉湎) himself in some bad behaviors.” Sande has been doing his voluntary work since 2011. He uses savings from his monthly wages  (工资) and works at the sports center during his free time. “I don’t spend my lunchtime, one hour and 30 minutes, eating only,” Sande said. “I also work for maybe 50 minutes. Every day, part of my lunchtime is used for voluntary work.” Over the years, Sande ignored (忽视) the people in his community who thought his voluntary work meaningless and useless. They called him crazy. Sande said, “I don’t care much about what others think of me and my work. I know I am doing the right thing.” In 2017, his voluntary work helped him win an award for sports. He was sent on a month-long visit to China, where he learned how to continue working on the sports center better. Soon after, he bought and began using machinery (机械) to speed up the project. Government sports officials (官员) and community leaders sometimes visit the center to express thanks for the work he is doing. Sande says the sports center is now nearly completed and will officially (正式地) be open to the public soon. 45．Why does Sande want to create a sports center? A．To reduce crime in his community. B．To realize his dream at his young age. C．To win high praise from others. D．To complete a task of the police station. 46．Which of the following about Sande’s voluntary work is TRUE? A．He spends all his time on it. B．He saves money by doing it. C．He spends part of his lunchtime on it. D．He has kept doing it since he worked. 47．From Paragraph 4, we know that some people in Sande’s community ________. A．support his work B．ignore his work C．don’t understand him D．work for him 48．From the passage, we know that ________. A．crime in Sande’s community has dropped B．the sports center is open to the public every day C．Sande was invited to China to teach voluntary work D．Sande gets praise from the government and the community Passage 2 Jack Brown, an office worker, lives in Washington. He inherited (继承) a million dollars when he was 23, but he wasn’t happy at all. When his college friends were looking for their jobs, he didn’t have to. Jack decided to live a simple life like everyone else. He gave $10,000 of his money to a charity to help poor children live a better life. Today he is 36. He still wears cheap shoes and clothes and drives a small car, but he is very happy. Up to now Jack has helped some children from poor countries all over the world by sending them each $200 a month. The money is used for the children’s study, food, medicine and clothing. Jack receives a report each year on the children’s progress. They can write to each other, but usually the children do not speak English. When Jack first heard about these children, he wanted to help them. “It was nothing special,” he said, “Until I went to these countries and met the children I was helping, I didn’t know anything about their lives.” Jack once went to meet a little girl in Africa. He said that the meeting was very exciting. “When I met her, I felt very, very happy.” He said. “And I saw that the money was used for a good cause. It brought me happiness. I want to do everything I can to go on helping those children.” 49．Jack didn’t need to look for a job ________. A．because he didn’t want to work B．because he wasn’t able to work C．because he didn’t study well in college D．because he didn’t need to work to earn money 50．Jack has given some poor children money every month to help them ________. A．only in England Washington B．only in Washington C．only in Africa D．around the world 51．Jack learned about the children’s progress by _________. A．visiting them each year B．getting a report every year C．staying with them D．talking to them in English 52．The underlined phrase “for a good cause” in the last paragraph means “ _________”. A．for having a good reason B．for helping other people C．for getting a discount D．for finding lost things 七、热点主题——走进文学名著，享受阅读乐趣。 Passage 1 One night, John came into the stable, calling,“Wake up, Beauty!” He put my saddle and bridle on and rode up to the front door of the house. Squire Gordon was standing there. “John,” he said, “Mrs. Gordon is very ill. Ride to the doctor’s and give him this note.” “Now, Beauty, do your best.” said John. I went as fast as possible. When we arrived at Dr. White’s house, John told him, “Mrs. Gordon is very ill. Squire Gordon thinks she is going to die. Please go to her immediately.” “Yes, but my son has my horse,” said the doctor, “Can I have yours?” he asked. The doctor was heavier than John, and not such a good rider. But I did my very best and went as fast as possible. When we got to Berwick Park, Squire Gordon was at the door. The doctor went into the house with him, and Joe led me to the stable. I was glad to be home. My legs were shaking, and I was very wet. Joe was young and he forgot to put a warm blanket on me. Then he gave me cold water to drink. Soon all my body began to shake, and I felt very cold. A long time later, John came back. He covered me with two or three warm blankets, and ran to the house for some hot water. He gave me some warm food, and then I thought I went to sleep. Over and over again, John said to himself, “Stupid boy! Stupid boy!” I was now very sick, and John was nursing me night and day. When Squire Gordon came to see me, John said, “Black Beauty went so fast, he seemed to know what was wrong.” —Taken from Black Beauty 53．How many people are mentioned in the passage? A．Four. B．Three. C．Five. D．Six. 54．Why did Black Beauty run as fast as possible? A．Because the doctor was heavy. B．Because he was a bit tired. C．Because he wanted to save Mrs. Gordon. D．Because it was raining heavily. 55．Which of the following shows the correct order of what happened in the passage? a. Joe led Black Beauty to the stable. b. Squire Gordon asked John to go to the doctor’s. c. Black Beauty ate some food and fell asleep. d. Dr. White agreed to go to Berwick Park. A．a-b-c-d B．b-d-a-c C．a-b-d-c D．b-a-d-c 56．Which word can be used to describe John? A．Hard-working. B．Helpful. C．Kind. D．Clever. Passage 2 Jo was the first to wake. She remembered her mother’s promise, and, putting her hand under her pillow (枕头), drew out a little red-covered book. She loved it. She woke Meg up and asked her to see what was under her pillow. A green-covered book appeared. Then Beth and Amy woke, to find their little books also. “Girls,” said Meg seriously, “Mother wants us to read and love these books, and we must begin at once. I shall read a little every morning, for I know it will do me good.” And then they opened the new books and read. The rooms were very quiet, and the winter sunshine shone in to touch the serious faces with a Christmas greeting. “Where is Mother?” asked Meg, as she ran down to thank her for their gifts, half an hour later. “Some poor men come for help, and Mrs. March went straight off to see what was needed,” replied Hannah, who was considered more as a friend than a servant. “She will be back soon, so we must get everything ready,” said Meg, looking over the presents which were collected in a basket, ready to be given to their mother at the proper time. “Why, where is Amy’s bottle of cologne (古龙香水)?” she wondered. “She took it out a minute ago,” replied Jo. “There’s Mother. Hide the basket, quick!” cried Jo, as door opened, and steps sounded in the hall. Amy hurried in, and looked rather ashamed (羞愧的) when she saw her sisters all waiting for her. “Where have you been, and what are you hiding behind you?” asked Meg, surprised to see that lazy Amy had been out so early. “You see, I felt ashamed of my present, so I ran round the corner and changed the little bottle for a big one and I gave all my money for it; and I’m truly trying not to be selfish any more.” Another bang (砰砰作响) of the street door sent the girls to the table. “Merry Christmas, Marmee! Thank you for our books; we love them,” they said together. “Merry Christmas, little daughters! I’m glad you like the books. But I want to say one word before we sit down. Not far from here lies a poor woman with a little new-born baby. They were suffering hunger and cold. My girls, will you give them your breakfast as a Christmas present?” They were all unusually hungry, having waited for nearly an hour, and for a minute no one spoke; only a minute, for Jo said, “I’m so glad you came before we began!” (From Little Women) 57．Why did Amy go out early in the morning? A．To buy a present for her mother. B．To send her present to her mother. C．To change her present for a better one. D．To see what the poor family needed. 58．Which words can describe the girls best? A．Lazy and unselfish. B．Loving and unselfish. C．Lazy and kind. D．Loving and clever. 59．What does Jo mean by saying “I’m so glad you came before we began” in the last paragraph? A．They could have breakfast together. B．They could send the food to the poor family. C．They were too hungry to wait for their mother any longer. D．It was not too late for breakfast. Passage 3 People never stop looking for an explanation on what they lose and gain in life. In 1977, Bridge to Terabithia (《仙境之桥》) was published, offering a new answer. Like other boys in his class, Jesse Aarons’ dream is to become the fastest runner in fifth grade. He has been practicing all summer. But on the first day of school, a girl crosses over to the boys’ side of the playground and outruns everyone. That’s not a very good beginning for a friendship, but Jesse and Leslie Burke soon become best friends. With endless imagination and optimism, Leslie brings happiness to Jesse, who has been lonely and blue. Together, they create Terabithia, a magical kingdom in the woods where they act as king and queen. Unfortunately, a terrible thing happens one morning. Jesse hurts his heart. However, this tragedy (悲剧) makes him understand the courage Leslie has given him. Having had an unhappy childhood herself, Katherine Paterson, this book’s author, would usually give her characters a lonely life. Then she would give them rising hope and happiness. But in order to create “ups and downs” and show her own ideas, the US author would take away what those characters had gained, and end the book with a deep theme. Paterson is good at showing characters’ feelings. Readers can feel the sadness when characters lose something beautiful. Paterson writes novels for teenagers, so their language is not hard for Chinese students. Why not try to read the book? 60．What kind of writing is this? A．A poster. B．An email. C．A short novel. D．A book review. 61．What do we know from Paragraph 2? A．Jesse is always optimistic. B．Leslie runs even faster than Jesse. C．Jesse dreams of being a runner in the future. D．Leslie is Jesse’s best friend from kindergarten. 62．What does the underlined word “optimism” mean in this passage? A．hopelessness B．a sense of fear C．a feeling of sadness D．a feeling that good things will happen 63．What do we know from the last paragraph? A．Paterson had a happy childhood. B．Paterson started writing novels as a teenager. C．Paterson is good at writing in simple language. D．Paterson usually ends her stories with a happy ending. 八、热点主题：中华优秀传统文化与艺术。 Passage 1 In the late 1960s, when Li Zhenxia was 5, she liked oil-paper umbrellas and dreamed of buying a beautiful, red oil-paper umbrella in a store next to her grandmother’s house. It was too expensive for her family to afford one at the time. When she was 10, she saw a young bridegroom (新郎) pass by her house on his way to pick up his bride. He and his friends were carrying six red oil-paper umbrellas, and the image touched her heart. When she was in high school, her physics teacher would arrive with an oil-paper umbrella every time it rained. She and the teacher became good friends. In 1996, Li’s dream of oil-paper umbrellas came true when she started learning how to make them by herself. Two years later, she produced her first one. Of course, it was red. Today, Li is a boss and has her own stores. She enjoys talking to her customers and passing on her skills to her students. “The oil-paper umbrella is like my lover; it has been with me my whole life and always makes me feel better,” the 58-year-old said. Li’s store in Datong ancient town in Chishui City, Guizhou Province—a town where there is a lot of rain—welcomes many visitors who buy her umbrellas to model in photos, decorate their homes or add to collections, and sometimes even to use for catwalks at shows and performances. Production involves over a hundred individual steps, from cutting the bamboo and threading (穿线) the pieces together, to pasting the paper shade, drying it in the sun and brushing it with oil. The whole process takes between 15 days and several months, depending on the umbrella’s design, and all the work is done by hand. Now Li has two more stores, one in Danzhai in Guizhou and another in Sichuan Province. Of her three children, only her eldest son, who is 36, helps with the business, running the store in Danzhai. Her daughter is married in Beijing, while her youngest son is a Grade-3 high school student. Li hopes he will learn art and help her make umbrellas in the future. 64．When did Li make her first oil-paper umbrella? A．In the late 1960s. B．In the 1970s. C．In 1996. D．In 1998. 65．Which is the right order of Li Zhenxia’s experience? Li has her own stores. Li made her first red oil-paper umbrella. Her teacher arrived with an oil-paper umbrella when it rained. Li saw a bridegroom and his friends carrying six red oil-paper umbrellas. A．--- B．--- C．--- D．--- 66．What is the first step to make an oil-paper umbrella? A．Cutting the bamboo. B．Threading the pieces together. C．Brushing the umbrella with oil. D．Pasting paper shade on the bamboo pieces. 67．What does the writer mainly tell us? A．How to make an oil-paper umbrella. B．Learn more about art. C．Have a dream and stick to a dream. D．How to have own stores. Passage 2 Deep in the mountains in Longshan Town, Longli County in southwest China’s Guizhou Province, there are some artists performing (演出) Taiping lantern opera. This art form began more than 300 years ago. The members of the troupe (剧团) are at ages from 8 to 87 years old and most of them are farmers. They are usually busy in the fields and only get together to practice their shows and teach the ancient art to younger people after finishing their farm work. On holidays, they visit nearby villages to perform for villagers, making their cultural lives wonderful and enjoyable. The troupe members are always greeted with a warm welcome by the local people. Taiping lantern opera is a local opera in Longli County, Guizhou Province. It puts singing and dancing together. Taiping lantern opera has developed into a more colorful art form. What’s more, you can communicate with the actors during the performance. All the performers paint their faces with beautiful paints. They like to wear ancient clothes. The local people love them very much for their wonderful singing, excellent performance and true living style. 68．The second paragraph is about ________. A．the visit of the troupe B．the history of the troupe C．the forms of the troupe D．the members of the troupe 69．The underlined word it in paragraph 4 refers to ________. A．Longli County B．the village C．Taiping lantern opera D．the government 70．About Taiping lantern opera, we know ________. A．it began over 300 years ago B．actors wear modern clothes C．local people show no interest in it D．a farmer invented it in the field 71．What is the best title for the passage? A．Shows of the Opera Actors B．Introduction to Taiping Lantern Opera C．Styles of Taiping Lantern Opera D．Communication with the Opera Actors 九、经典主题：科普知识——神奇的颜色。 Passage 1 From red apples and yellow lemons to blueberries and green melons, fruit comes in many different colors. Why do different kinds of fruit have so many colors? According to Lu Wei from the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the fruit’s colors actually come from their different pigments (色素). These pigments appear differently, depending on the fruit’s environment. This causes the fruit to turn a certain color. To find out how environment influences fruit colors, Chinese scientists studied more than 280 different fruit colors. They found that red fruit usually grows in cooler places, and instead of just growing in one place, you can find red fruit growing in many places around the world. Blue and purple fruit mostly grows in warm places. The scientists also found that the closer the fruit is to the equator (赤道), the darker its color will be. Animals have also had an influence on fruit colors. Animals eat fruit and drop the seeds (种子) in other places later. This helps the fruit spread and grow in different places. Therefore, in order to attract animals, some fruit develop colors that are easy for animals to see. Fruit needs to develop colors that are suitable for animals’ visual (视觉的) abilities. For example, birds can see red more easily than humans do. Therefore, there is more red fruit in areas where birds live. The lemurs (狐猴) of Madagascar are red-green color-blind. Different yellow fruit can be found there, as the animals can easily see this color. 72．You are more likely (可能的) to find blue and purple fruit in ________ places. A．cooler B．warmer C．higher D．lower 73．Which of the following sentences is suitable for “ ”? A．Fruit and animals help each other. B．That is why fruit in the wild is more colorful. C．However, not all animals are interested in colors. D．However, animals see colors in a different way. 74．What’s the best title for this passage? A．Why fruit often changes colors. B．Why fruit has different colors. C．How environment influences fruit colors. D．How animals influence fruit colors. Passage 2 A new study has shown how the colour of a bowl can influence the taste of the food it holds. Although it is hard to say what a picky eater (挑食的人) is like, the type may include people who have a limited diet, who have strong likes or dislikes for certain food, who require food to be prepared in a special way, who aren’t willing to accept new food, or who show signs of all these features. According to this new study, food was put into two groups in red, blue, or white bowls. While the colour made no difference in taste for non-picky eaters, the picky eaters reported changes in their taste senses based on the colour of the bowl being used. Snacks in red and blue bowls were thought to have more salt than those in white bowls, while snacks in red bowls were less pleasant than those in the other bowls. “This knowledge can be useful for those who want to try more kinds of foods,” says Lorenzo Stafford, a psychologist from the University of Portsmouth in the UK. “For example, if you want to encourage a picky eater to try some bitter (苦的) vegetables, you can try to put them on a pink plate or in a yellow bowl, because this can give him or her a sweet feeling.” At first it may seem strange that a bowl colour can influence the taste of food, but the research before has shown how light and music can influence eating habits. All of our senses are connected, including taste. “This new study can help in treating food neophobia—the unwillingness to try new food,” the team of the study says, and further studies will be required to find out more relationships between colours and foods. “Through further studies, maybe we can decide ways to help actively influence a person’s diet, and as a result, their health in mind and body,” says Stafford. 75．According to the passage, who is a picky eater? • Tom especially likes hamburgers. • Lucy is able to accept new food happily. • Sigmund usually has three meals a day. • Mary doesn’t care how vegetables are cooked. A．Tom. B．Lucy. C．Mary. D．Sigmund. 76．According to the new study, which of the following is true? A．All the colours made no difference in taste to picky eaters. B．Snacks in red bowls seem to be saltier than those in blue bowls. C．Snacks in red bowls seem less pleasant than those in white bowls. D．Putting sweet vegetables on a pink plate may give a bitter feeling. 77．According to the passage, why can a bowl colour influence the taste of food? A．It doesn’t tell us. B．Because people like colourful bowls. C．Because light and music can influence eating habits. D．Because all of our senses are connected, including taste. 78．What does the underlined word neophobia mean? A．美食综合症 B．消化不良 C．新奇恐惧症 D．暴饮暴食 79．Which paragraphs talk about the meaning of this new study? A． B． C． D． 十、热点主题：环境污染与防治。 Passage 1 80．What does the text mainly tell us? A．How to live a green life. B．How to live better in cities. C．How to protect our oceans. D．How to volunteer for cleanups. 81．According to the text, why should we use less water? A．In order to keep more fish alive. B．In order to make seafood sustainable. C．Because it will make boats move safely. D．Because less wastewater will run into the ocean. 82．As volunteers, what can we do to help oceans? A．Stop using cleaning products. B．Volunteer for cleanups at the beach. C．Stop in sandy areas not far from sea grasses. D．Only take part in protecting our watershed. 83．According to the text, which of the following actions is bad for oceans? A．Use plastic bags to save money. B．Reduce what you throw away. C．Go boating at a safe speed. D．Go to work on foot. 84．In which part of a magazine can we read the text? A．Art B．Teenage C．Nature D．Job Passage 2 At the age of 12, Romario Valentine is famous around the world. Why? Because he wrote a book named Protect Our Planet:Take Action with Romario. Romario is a boy from Durban in South Africa. He is famous around the world for his tree planting and beach clean-up projects. He thinks people should learn to protect the environment from a young age. And a book can guide kids with information on how to protect the planet. But when he went to the library to borrow such books, he found most books about that were not easy to read, especially for children at his age. So Romario made a big plan—to write his own book. He hoped the book could help more children find a way to protect the environment. Then it was time to carry out the plan. In the beginning, Romario decided to talk about water, animals, reuse and plastic pollution in the book. Then came the most difficult part—putting his ideas on paper, and making time to do research. Romario spent a lot of time and energy on them. But he made it after all with the help of his parents. Finally, the book came out in September 2022. It’s popular among kids. “This book is quite fun,” says a young reader. “You can find some exciting scientific experiments (实验) and art activities. You can learn what jobs a child can do to protect the environment from it. It’s very helpful.” Now Romario is still working to change the world. What does he plan to do next? We cannot wait to see it! 85．Why did Romario write his own book? A．To encourage people to plant a lot of trees. B．To make people borrow books in the library. C．To teach children to carry on with the projects. D．To help children learn to protect the environment. 86．What can we know from Romario’s writing experience? A．He got help from his teachers. B．He worked hard for his book. C．He wrote the book for the old. D．He put his ideas on paper easily. 87．What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 4 refer to? A．The book. B．The plan. C．The project. D．The environment. 88．What’s the best title for the passage? A．Romario’s Plan for Organizing Activities B．Romario’s Research for Cleaning the Beach C．Romario’s Project on Scientific Experiments D．Romario’s Book on Protecting the Environment 十一、经典主题：人与动植物的和谐相处。 Passage 1 Cuttlefish Can Watch 3D Movies and Wear the Glasses When tested, subjects showed cuttlefish have depth perception (深度知觉) much like humans. Humans and cuttlefish are similar. How do you ask? They can both watch and react to 3D movies. The scientists studied this by gluing Velcro (粘扣带) near their eyeballs, and then sticking on 3D glasses. It wasn’t easy. “It took a lot of coaxing of the cuttlefish to make them wear their glasses,” Trevor Wardill said. “They’ll want to play with it.” Once a cuttlefish got hungry, the scientists showed them 3D videos featuring two shrimp silhouettes (剪影), each a different color and a different distance from the camera. This proved that cuttlefish do have depth perception, just like humans. In some cases they would get so close to the video shrimp that their tentacles (触须) were hitting the screen itself. “I was excited. We were sort of jumping up and down,” Wardill said. He also said that the cuttlefish would immediately get real shrimp as a reward. The study proved that the cuttlefish see in 3D, but not exactly the same way that humans do. Also, even though they have “fish” in their name, cuttlefish aren’t really fish. “While cuttlefish have similar eyes to humans, their brains are significantly different,” Paloma Gonzalez-Bellido, assistant professor at the University of Minnesota, said in a university press release. “We know that cuttlefish brains aren’t like humans. They do not seem to have a single part of the brain dedicated to processing vision (专心致志于处理视觉). Our research shows there must be an area in their brain that compares the images (图像) from a cuttlefish’s left and right eye and computes (计算) their differences.” 89．What does “it” refer to in Para 1? A．Depth perception. B．Wearing glasses. C．Gluing Velcro. D．The test. 90．From the passage, we can infer that shrimp are cuttlefish’s ________. A．food B．playmates C．rewards D．enemies 91．What did the research aim at? A．Cuttlefish’s brain is different from ours. B．Cuttlefish do have depth perception. C．Cuttlefish can watch and react to 3D movies. D．Cuttlefish are the most intelligent. 92．What’s the purpose of the last paragraph? A．To explain the reason. B．To provide more information. C．To share the finding. D．To compare cuttlefish with humans. Passage 2 How long whales live in fresh water has become a matter of some discussion with several visits of whales to fresh water. The interest in this matter first became hottest in 1985 when Humphrey the humpback whale (座头鲸) managed several weeks in the fresh water of the Sacramento River before finally returning to the Pacific Ocean. The matter happened again in May of 2007, when a mother whale and her baby whale entered the Sacramento River. In general, some experts say that it is uncommon to see whales in fresh water for more than a few weeks because most whales are built for salt water environments. Scientists are not exactly sure how long whales can live in fresh water. In fresh water, they can’t get their regular food. Besides, small cuts, for example, are easily cured in salt water. Fresh water environments do not provide materials which are good for cuts. Fresh water environments are also not natural for a whale’s swimming and diving activities. Most whales swim in water that is at least 20 feet (6.1 m) deep. Fresh water rivers may be only a few feet deeper than the girth of a whale’s body. This makes them more likely to be beached. Many whales are migratory (迁徙的) animals by habit. Since they are not used to the route they are taking, whales can easily get lost. Biologists are certain that few whales in fresh water will survive more than a month. Though it may be interesting to see whales in fresh water, it’s a matter of concern (担心) to whale lovers. 93．What makes the matter how long whales live in fresh water be discussed? A．Humans want to find more places for whales. B．Humans want to find fresh water in the ocean. C．Whales are facing dangers living in the sea. D．Whales make several visits to fresh water. 94．What does the underlined word “girth” in the third paragraph probably mean? A．Health. B．Width. C．Warmth. D．Weight. 95．Which of the following facts are the scientists sure of? A．There isn’t plenty of food in fresh water. B．Whales can live in fresh water quite long. C．Whales can’t get small cuts easily in salt water. D．Few whales in fresh water will survive too long. 96．What would probably be discussed in the next part? A．The route that the whales would know. B．The actions taken to keep whales in fresh water. C．The ways to help whales return to their natural environments. D．The research on how long whales will survive in fresh water. 97．This text is most probably from the part of ________ in a newspaper. A．Travel B．Geography C．Science D．Environment 十二、热点主题：航空航天，人类飞天梦想的提升！ Passage 1 On October 12, 2022, Chinese astronauts on board China’s Tiangong space station gave a science lesson 400 kilometers above Earth. It was a great success. Do you still remember the first space lesson hosted by Wang Yaping in 2013? Helped by the other two astronauts, she gave the lesson to more than 60 million school children all over the country. While watching the science lesson from the Tiangong-1 on the morning of June 20, 2013, Wang Lutian, a 10-year-old disabled student at a special school in downtown Beijing, was drawing a colorful rocket with crayons in his classroom. “Moon…stars…a rocket to the sky,” Wang explained his work in a cheerful voice. At that time, he and more than 100 other disabled students were enjoying the lesson given by Wang Yaping, who talked about movements in micro-gravity（微重力）environments. “Zero gravity!” Qian Shaohong, another student at the school, shouted when he saw astronaut Nie Haisheng making a show of crossing his legs in mid-air. “Scientific knowledge has helped open a window for the children to know about the world,” said Zhang Yini, a teacher at the school. The lesson also increased（增加）interest in space science among teenagers living on the “roof (屋脊) of the world”. “I was most interested in the presentation of the ‘water ball’ in a gravity-free environment. It’s really amazing,” said Rigzin Jigme Doje, a high school student in Lhasa, Xizang. Describing himself as a lover of physics, Doje said the lesson helped him stay true to his dream of becoming a physicist. The lesson also encouraged other Xizangan school children to relate the mysterious world of outer space to their hometown. 98．The space lesson in 2013 was for ________. A．Chinese astronauts B．school children in China C．Chinese teachers D．scientists all over China 99．Which picture shows Nie Haisheng’s body movement according to the text? A． B． C． D． 100．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? A．Wang Yaping’s talk on micro-gravity environments. B．The efforts of the disabled students in a special school. C．The influence of the space lesson on the disabled students. D．A 10-year-old student’s dream of sending a rocket to the sky. 101．What do we know about Rigzin Jigme Doje? A．He loved physics. B．He liked drawing stars. C．He was a primary school student. D．He talked a lot about his work. 102．After watching the space lesson, the Xizangan students ________. A．had a new view of their high schools B．got an amazing “water ball” in space C．increased an understanding of the roof of the world D．developed a deep interest in the world of outer space Passage 2 “Welcome to our new ‘classroom’!” said Chen Dong, one of the three astronauts of the Shenzhou XIV mission (神舟十四号任务). They were giving a science class 400 kilometers above Earth on Oct 12. It was the third space class from the Tiangong space station, but the first one from the Wentian lab module (实验舱) since its launch in July. The former two classes were held in the Tianhe core module (核心舱). What does the new “classroom” look like? Chen, together with Liu Yang and Cai Xuzhe, showed us around. “The beds in the Tianhe module are placed horizontally (横着), while our beds are kept upright,” said Liu. That means astronauts in the Wentian lab module need to sleep standing up! But as Liu explained, people don’t feel any difference because there’s no gravity (重力) in space. Astronauts can even sleep on the ceiling (天花板) or upside down! The astronauts also showed their “space farm”, where lettuce, wheat (小麦), thale cress (拟南芥) and rice are grown. “Take a picture!” “Send the picture!” Through a voice-controlled camera, Chen already sent a picture of the thale cress to scientists on Earth. Then he used scissors to cut a sample (样本). “I’ll put it into a fridge at - 80℃ and later give it to scientists on Earth,” said Chen. Scientists will study how the environment of space affects the growth of plants. “Can you see the water drops coming from the leaves? This is called ‘guttation’ (植物吐水现象),” said Liu, holding the well-grown rice. In space, the water drops are much bigger than those on Earth. So people can clearly see the guttation. “We hope in the near future, we can harvest (收获) the food grown on our own,” said Chen. “Maybe one day, we can harvest food on the other planets like moon or even Mars!” 103．Where did the third space class take place? A．In the Shenzhou XIV. B．In the Tianhe core module. C．In the Wentian lab module. D．In the International Space Station. 104．How do astronauts in the Wentian module sleep? A． B． C． D． 105．How do scientists on Earth study the plants in the space station? A．By watching them through real-time video cameras. B．By taking and collecting pictures themselves. C．By growing the plants in space themselves. D．By studying the samples astronauts bring back. 106．What was shown in the third class in the Tiangong space station? A．Cooking. B．The space farm. C．Astronauts harvesting food. D．The surface tension of water. 107．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．Farmers can get crops on moons soon. B．Scientists will try to grow food on moons or even Mars. C．Lettuce, wheat (小麦), thale cress (拟南芥) will be grown on other planets, too. D．“Guttation” can be seen from leaves of rice. 试卷第1页，共2页 试卷第1页，共32页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$