Unit 13 第2课时 Section A 3a-3b（分层作业）-【上好课】2024-2025学年九年级英语全册同步精品课堂（人教版）

Unit 13 第2课时 Section A 3a-3b 一、词汇 1．n.鲨鱼 2．n.(鱼)鳍 3．n.链子；链条 4．n.生态系统 5．n.工业；行业 6．adj.残酷的，残忍的 7．n.法律；法规 →n.律师 8．n.危害   v.伤害；损害 →adj.有害的 9．n.科学 →adj.科学上的；科学的 →n.科学家 二、短语 10．听说 11．实际上 12．处于危险中 13．割掉；砍掉 14．一碗 15．对……有害 16．在……顶部或顶端 17．……的数量 18．环境保护组织 19．在过去的20到30年中 三、完成句子 20．这种做法不仅残忍，而且对环境有害。 This is not only cruel, but also the environment. 21．当人们捕获鲨鱼时，他们会割下鱼鳍，然后把鲨鱼扔回海里。 When people catch sharks, they their fins and the sharks back the ocean. 22．失去鱼鳍后，鲨鱼再也不能游泳，会慢慢死去。 a fin, a shark can swim and slowly dies. 23．很多人认为鲨鱼永远都不会濒临灭绝，因为它们是食物链中的最强者。 Many people believe that sharks can never because they are the strongest in their . 24．到目前为止，没有科学研究表明鱼翅对健康有益。 , no scientific studies have shown that shark fins health. 一、单项选择 1．Look! The factory is sending out smoke. The government should do something to stop it. A．nice B．harmful C．valuable D．serious 2．The king was so to his people that many of them were against him. A．cruel B．friendly C．polite D．similar 3．—What do you think of the plan? —It’s great! ________ we students ________ our teacher likes it very much. A．Both; and B．Either; or C．Neither; nor D．Not only; but also 4．The population of this city by 15% in the past ten years. A．increased B．will increase C．has increased D．increase 5．—Could you please________ the radio a bit? It’s too loud. —Sorry, I’ll do it right away. A．turn down B．turn up C．turn on D．turn off 6．— Why don’t you buy the bike, Mary?    — It’s too expensive. I can’t ______ it. A．sell B．lend C．keep D．afford 7．Students at Green High School often ________ books from their school library and can ________ them for a week. A．borrow; keep B．lend; keep C．borrow; borrow D．keep; borrow 8．— Have you ________ Zhang Lili? — Yes, she is the most beautiful woman teacher in China. A．heard of B．heard from C．heard out D．heard 9．David _______ all night in order to watch the football match between France and Italy. A．put up B．stayed up C．got up D．showed up 10．The number of students in our school ________ more than two ________. A．are; thousands B．are; thousand C．is; thousand D．is; thousands 二、单词拼写 11．In Sweden, it is against the l to hit a child. 12．Be careful! That dog is h to you. 13．Man can’t be c to the animals. 14．They are t part in an important activity. 15．The new car c me 100,000 yuan. 16．Throwing l in public is not polite. 17．The T-shirt looks u . I don’t want to wear it. 18．The famous novel is one of his （work）. 三、选词填空 用方框中所给单词或短语的适当形式填空。 science; percent; hear of; be good for; no longer 19．—The survival activities children. —I agree. Even years later, they will still remember what they have learned. 20．Her father died, and after that she went to school. 21．As I understand it, he just wants 50 of the shares. 22．Many studies show that teenagers are more active in the afternoon and in the evening. 23．—Did you hear that our beloved Academician Yuan Longping passed away? —Yes. I am so upset his death. 四、补全对话 Bob: Good morning, Kim. Kim: Good morning. Bob: 24 It can save a lot of time. Kim: Well, I prefer walking to driving a car. Bob: Mm. It’s good for health and environment. Kim: Yes. Environment is very important for us. 25 Bob: Yeah, right. What else can we do? Kim: For example, you’d better not buy clothes made of animal fur. Bob: I agree with you. 26 Anything else? Kim: Don’t use plastic bags. Bob: 27 Kim: Yes, they are really useful for us. But they pollute our environment. Bob: 28 Kim: We can use cloth bags instead of plastic bags. Bob: That’s a good idea. Oh, it’s too late. See you! Kim: See you! Bye! A．Everyone should do something for it. B．Why don’t you drive to work? C．It’s helpful for protecting plants. D．It’s a good way for protecting animals. E．But don’t you think they are really convenient in our daily lives. F．Why do you go to work in a car? G．How can we carry things after shopping, then? 一、完形填空 Madison Checketts is a 12-year-old girl from Utah, the USA．She has always loved the beach. When she was 1 vacation with her family in California, she couldn’t turn a blind eye to all the plastic water bottles on her favourite beach. So 2 decided to focus on (专注于) reducing plastic litter. When Madison started researching plastic water bottles online, she found 3 more than 35 billion plastic water bottles every year. And most of them are not recycled 4 . So Madison tried 5 an environment-friendly water bottle. After lots of research and hard work, she designed the Eco Hero—an edible (可食用的) water bottle. People can poke (戳) a hole at the top of it, drink the water, 6 then eat it. It costs only about $ 1.20 to make one. “It took me a lot of effort to develop the Eco Hero,” says Madison. “I just kept trying something new, and if it 7 work, I would do more research and try again. As for the future of the Eco Hero, I want to do more 8 to improve it and make it stronger, bigger and be able to last for a longer time. Also, I hope my invention will inspire (激励) others to make 9 difference, even if it’s just in a small way.” As you can imagine, many people 10 by her story. 1．A．of B．for C．on D．with 2．A．she B．her C．herself D．hers 3．A．that do Americans use B．that Americans use C．what do Americans use D．what Americans use 4．A．heavy B．heavily C．proper D．properly 5．A．invent B．to invent C．forget D．to forget 6．A．but B．so C．and D．or 7．A．didn’t B．don’t C．wasn’t D．isn’t 8．A．sign B．signs C．test D．tests 9．A．the B．a C．an D．/ 10．A．encourage B．encouraged C．are encouraged D．is encouraged 二、阅读理解 A The world uses about a thousand million (百万) tons of water a day. Water is a human right and everyone should have their share. Yet more than 700 million people around the world have trouble getting clean, safe water. Treating wastewater is a good way to provide fresh water for us. And it also helps the environment by keeping waste out of rivers and oceans. 80% of wastewater around the world is not treated at all, and it is running into oceans. But now we have got the technology to treat and reuse the wastewater. While 75% of our planet is covered with water, only about 2% is fresh water—that comes from rivers, lakes, ice and snow. The rest, 98% of the water, is in seas and oceans. It is too salty to drink. Then desalination businesses come in. More than 19,000 factories have been built around the world, mostly in coastal countries. They process (加工) more than 92 million tons of water every day. But the technology they use requires a lot of energy. Scientists are working to create a less costly technology. They want to produce 20 times more clean water and make sure everyone has enough. But for now, the world still faces each day with not having enough water for everyone. 11．How many people have trouble in getting clean water around the world? A．Under 10 million. B．Only 19 million. C．About 92 million. D．Over 700 million. 12．Treating wastewater helps the environment by ________. A．storing waste in ice and snow B．letting waste run into oceans C．keeping waste out of rivers and oceans D．sending waste to coastal countries 13．At present, the technology to process water ________. A．needs much energy B．saves much money C．satisfies everyone D．causes pollution 14．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．Water should be a human right. B．The water problem is still serious. C．Our planet is covered with water. D．Everyone has enough clean water. B 15 Think before you throw away waste. Cut down on how much you throw in the waste. And be sure to take e-waste, like computers, mobile phones and harmful waste to a special recycling waste bin. 16 It takes a lot of energy to heat water. Don’t always heat the water when you do washing with the washing machine. Wash a full load of clothes in cold water. 17 When it comes to your shopping habits, please think of buying products that are better for the environment or that are made from recycled materials, and above all, have less or no packaging. 18 Talk to your friends, family and school teachers. Teach them what you’ve learned and make your house and school as green as possible. Think of ways to educate others. 19 Walk, cycle, take a subway or a bus. Ask your parents to use public transportation as much as possible instead of using cars too often. A．Deal with waste properly B．Tell people what you’ve learned C．Drive cars less D．Put energy into waste E．Avoid products with lots of packaging F．Use less hot water 三、任务型阅读 阅读短文，然后根据内容回答问题。 Let’s sit in the “Green” seats! Are you looking forward to next year’s Olympic Games? Paris 2024 promises to be a “green” event. Its organizers have found a new way of going green: In some of the venues (场馆) in Seine-Saint-Denis (塞纳—圣但尼省), about 11,000 seats are made from recycled plastic. The seats were produced by recycling company Lemon Tri and a few partners (合作伙伴). They collected plastic waste and turned it into small pieces. These pieces were then mixed together and heated. After that, they were compressed (压缩) in machines. The results was black or white plastic sheets with flecks (斑点) of color. These sheets were then sanded (打磨), cut and assembled (组装) into seats. Are these seats of good quality (质量), you may ask? Don’t worry! A number of tests have been carried out on them. There were a UV resistance (抗紫外线) test, a fire resistance test, and more. People will be able to sit safely in the chairs and enjoy the excitement of the game! The seats were made from about 100 tons of plastic waste. About 80 percent of the plastic came from local recycling bins (箱). Local schools also collected about five million colored soda bottle caps and they were used in the making of the seats. The seats not only help the environment, but also educate people about recycling. Augustin Jaclin is the co-founder of Lemon Tri. “Our kids put their bottles in the bins,” he said. “Next year, they’ll sit on the seats made from these bottles. This will teach them to recycle more in their daily lives!” 20．Why is the Paris 2024 Olympics a green event? 21．What helps to make sure of the safety of the chairs? 22．Where did the material of the seats mostly come from? 23．Where else do you expect to see the green seats? Why?（Write 30 words or more） 四、短文填空 阅读下面短文，根据语境和所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个适当的单词。 Have you ever heard of the term “white pollution”? It 24 (be) a kind of serious environmental problem. The white color usually 25 (refer) to something clear and clean. However, white pollution is very 26 (harm). Because of single-use plastic tableware (餐具) and thin plastic bags, white pollution is becoming more and more serious. They’re easy to use and have already become a part of 27 (we) daily life. When people ask for take-out food, it usually comes with single-use plastic boxes. When people go shopping, they can often get plastic bags. People use too many plastic products because 28 their convenience. Now, white pollution has become 29 big problem. White pollution affects the environment 30 (main) in two ways. On the one hand, plastic waste can be seen everywhere in the natural environment. It makes cities, towns, hills, lakes… dirty. On the other hand, plastic waste can stay for 31 (century), resulting in soil pollution and water pollution. It can even cause many illnesses. What’s worse, animals might die after 32 (eat) plastic rubbish by mistake on the land or in the water. And it’s hard to solve the problem. Now everyone should help reduce white pollution 33 recycle plastic waste. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 13 第2课时 Section A 3a-3b 一、词汇 1．n.鲨鱼 2．n.(鱼)鳍 3．n.链子；链条 4．n.生态系统 5．n.工业；行业 6．adj.残酷的，残忍的 7．n.法律；法规 →n.律师 8．n.危害   v.伤害；损害 →adj.有害的 9．n.科学 →adj.科学上的；科学的 →n.科学家 【答案】 1．shark 2．fin 3．chain 4．ecosystem 5．industry 6．cruel 7．law lawyer 8．harm harmful 9．science scientific scientist 二、短语 10．听说 11．实际上 12．处于危险中 13．割掉；砍掉 14．一碗 15．对……有害 16．在……顶部或顶端 17．……的数量 18．环境保护组织 19．在过去的20到30年中 【答案】 10．hear of 11．in fact 12．in danger 13．cut off 14．a bowl of 15．be harmful to 16．at the top of 17．the number of 18．environmental protection groups 19．in the last 20 to 30 years 三、完成句子 20．这种做法不仅残忍，而且对环境有害。 This is not only cruel, but also the environment. 【答案】harmful to 【详解】分析句子可知，空处需要翻译的是“对……有害”，be harmful to意为“对……有害”，形容词短语。故填harmful；to。 21．当人们捕获鲨鱼时，他们会割下鱼鳍，然后把鲨鱼扔回海里。 When people catch sharks, they their fins and the sharks back the ocean. 【答案】cut off throw into 【详解】根据所给句意可知，第1空和第2空表示“割下”，应用短语cut off，此句为一般现在时，主语“they”不是第三人称单数，cut用原形；第3空和第4空表示“把……扔进……”，用短语throw...into...，and连接并列谓语，throw用原形。故填cut；off；throw；into。 22．失去鱼鳍后，鲨鱼再也不能游泳，会慢慢死去。 a fin, a shark can swim and slowly dies. 【答案】Without no longer 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，without“失去”，介词作状语；no longer “再也不……”。故填Without；no；longer。 23．很多人认为鲨鱼永远都不会濒临灭绝，因为它们是食物链中的最强者。 Many people believe that sharks can never because they are the strongest in their . 【答案】be endangered food chain 【详解】be endangered表示“濒临灭绝”，can后跟动词原形；food chain表示“食物链”。故填be；endangered；food；chain。 24．到目前为止，没有科学研究表明鱼翅对健康有益。 , no scientific studies have shown that shark fins health. 【答案】So far are good for 【详解】根据汉语提示可知，第一、二空意为“到目前为止”，用“so far”来表达；后三空意为“对……有益”，用“be good for”来表达；描述客观事实，句子用一般现在时，主语shark fins是复数名词，be动词用are。故填So；far；are；good；for。 一、单项选择 1．Look! The factory is sending out smoke. The government should do something to stop it. A．nice B．harmful C．valuable D．serious 【答案】B 【详解】句意：看！这家工厂正在散发有害的烟雾。政府应该做点什么来阻止它。 考查形容词词义辨析。nice美好的；harmful有害的；valuable有价值的；serious严重的。根据“The government should do something to stop it.”可知，此处是指工厂正在散发有害的烟雾。故选B。 2．The king was so to his people that many of them were against him. A．cruel B．friendly C．polite D．similar 【答案】A 【详解】句意：国王对他的人民很残忍，许多人都反对他。 考查形容词词义辨析。cruel残忍的；friendly友好的；polite礼貌的；similar类似的。根据“many of them were against him”可知，此处是指国王对他的人民很残忍。故选A。 3．—What do you think of the plan? —It’s great! ________ we students ________ our teacher likes it very much. A．Both; and B．Either; or C．Neither; nor D．Not only; but also 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你认为这个计划怎么样？——太好了！不仅我们学生，而且我们的老师也非常喜欢它。 考查连词辨析。both ... and ... ……和……都；either ... or ... 要么……要么……；neither ... nor ... 既不……也不……；not only ... but also ... 不仅……而且……。根据“It’s great!”可知老师和学生都喜欢这个计划，再由“likes”可知谓语动词遵循就近一致原则，此处用not only ... but also ...连接并列主语。故选D。 4．The population of this city by 15% in the past ten years. A．increased B．will increase C．has increased D．increase 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在过去的十年里，这个城市的人口增长了15%。 考查时态。根据“in the past ten years”可知，时态用现在完成时have/has done，主语是The population of this city，助动词用has。故选C。 5．—Could you please________ the radio a bit? It’s too loud. —Sorry, I’ll do it right away. A．turn down B．turn up C．turn on D．turn off 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你能把收音机的声音关小一点吗？太吵了。——抱歉，我马上就做。 考查动词短语辨析。turn down调低；turn up调高；turn on打开；turn off关闭。根据“the radio a bit”及“It’s too loud”可知，太吵了，所以建议调低音量，故选A。 6．— Why don’t you buy the bike, Mary?    — It’s too expensive. I can’t ______ it. A．sell B．lend C．keep D．afford 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——玛丽，你为什么不买这个自行车？——它太贵了，我买不起。A. sell  卖；  B. lend  借出；  C. keep  保持；  D. afford付得起；根据It’s too expensive.可知是买不起；故选D 7．Students at Green High School often ________ books from their school library and can ________ them for a week. A．borrow; keep B．lend; keep C．borrow; borrow D．keep; borrow 【答案】A 【详解】句意：格林高中的学生经常从学校图书馆借书，可以借一个星期。 考查动词辨析。borrow借入，通常与from连用；lend借出，通常与to连用；keep保留，是延续性动词。根据“from their school library”可知，第一处用borrow；由“for a week”可知，此处表示延续，所以用keep。故选A。 8．— Have you ________ Zhang Lili? — Yes, she is the most beautiful woman teacher in China. A．heard of B．heard from C．heard out D．heard 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你听说过张丽丽吗？——是的，她是中国最漂亮的女教师。 考查动词短语。heard of听说；heard from收到……的信；heard out细心听取；heard听见。根据“ Have you ... Zhang Lili”和回答可知，空处表示“听说”，故选A。 9．David _______ all night in order to watch the football match between France and Italy. A．put up B．stayed up C．got up D．showed up 【答案】B 【详解】句意：大卫通宵熬夜为了观看法国和意大利之间的足球赛。 考查动词短语辨析。put up张贴；stayed up熬夜；got up起床；showed up展示。根据“all night in order to watch the football match between France and Italy”可知，此处指熬夜看足球赛，故选B。 10．The number of students in our school ________ more than two ________. A．are; thousands B．are; thousand C．is; thousand D．is; thousands 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们学校的学生人数超过两千人。 考查主谓一致、数词。the number of… 意为“……的数量”，谓语动词用单数形式，所以排除A和B；thousand“千”，表示确定数目时，其结构数为“基数词+thousand（不用复数形式）+复数名词”；表示不确定数目时，其结构为“thousands（用复数形式） +of+复数名词”；空格前有“two”，排除D。故选C。 二、单词拼写 11．In Sweden, it is against the l to hit a child. 【答案】(l)aw 【详解】句意：在瑞典，打孩子是违法的。根据“hit a child”及首字母可知，打孩子是违反法律的，law“法律”符合。故填(l)aw。 12．Be careful! That dog is h to you. 【答案】(h)armful 【详解】句意：小心点！那只狗对你有害。根据“Be careful! That dog…”可知是对你有害，短语be harmful to sb.“对某人有害”，故填(h)armful。 13．Man can’t be c to the animals. 【答案】(c)ruel 【详解】句意：人不能对动物残忍。根据“Man”和“the animals”可知此处指“人不能对动物残忍”；be cruel to “对……残忍”。故填(c)ruel。 14．They are t part in an important activity. 【答案】(t)aking 【详解】句意：他们正在参加一项重要活动。根据“an important activity”可知此处指“参加一项重要活动”，take part in “参加（活动）”，填现在分词与are构成现在进行时。故填(t)aking 15．The new car c me 100,000 yuan. 【答案】(c)ost 【详解】句意：这辆新车花了我10万元。根据语境是一般过去时态，主语是The new car，是物作主语，此处用cost“花费”，是动词，过去式是cost。故填(c)ost。 16．Throwing l in public is not polite. 【答案】(l)itter 【详解】句意：在公共场合扔垃圾是不礼貌的。根据“in public is not polite”可知，此处是“在公共场合扔垃圾是不礼貌的”，litter“垃圾”，是不可数名词。故填(l)itter。 17．The T-shirt looks u . I don’t want to wear it. 【答案】(u)gly 【详解】句意：这件衬衫看起来很丑，我不想穿它。第一句的主语是“The T-shirt”， 谓语动词是“looks”，意思是“看起来”，后面跟形容词做表语。结合语境，并根据“I don’t want to wear it.”可知，这件衬衫不漂亮，我不喜欢它。故填(u)gly。 18．The famous novel is one of his （work）. 【答案】works 【详解】句意：这本有名的小说是他的作品之一。句子用“one of +复数名词”表达“……其中之一”。根据“novel”可知句子表达作品，用复数名词“works”。故填works。 三、选词填空 用方框中所给单词或短语的适当形式填空。 science; percent; hear of; be good for; no longer 19．—The survival activities children. —I agree. Even years later, they will still remember what they have learned. 20．Her father died, and after that she went to school. 21．As I understand it, he just wants 50 of the shares. 22．Many studies show that teenagers are more active in the afternoon and in the evening. 23．—Did you hear that our beloved Academician Yuan Longping passed away? —Yes. I am so upset his death. 【答案】19．are good for 20．no longer 21．percent 22．scientific 23．to hear of 【解析】19．句意：——生存活动对孩子们有好处。——我同意。即使多年以后，他们仍然会记得他们所学到的东西。根据空前“The survival activities”可知，此处是指生存活动对孩子们有好处，所以应用be good for表示“对……有益”，结合句子主语“The survival activities”为名词复数及句子为一般现在时可知，此处be动词应用are。故填are good for。 20．句意：她父亲去世后，她就不再上学了。根据语境及备选词汇可知，此处是指她不再上学。故填no longer。 21．句意：据我所知，他只想要50%的股份。根据空后“of the shares”可知，此处是指50%的股份，percent表示“百分比”。故填percent。 22．句意：许多科学研究表明，青少年在下午和晚上更活跃。根据空后“studies”为名词可知，空格处应填一个形容词作定语，结合备选词汇可知，此处应用scientific表示“科学的”。故填scientific。 23．句意：——我们敬爱的袁隆平院士去世了，你听说了吗？——是的。听到他去世的消息，我很难过。根据语境可知，此处是指听到他去世的消息很难过，hear of表示“听说”，此处应用动词不定式作原因状语。故填to hear of。 四、补全对话 Bob: Good morning, Kim. Kim: Good morning. Bob: 24 It can save a lot of time. Kim: Well, I prefer walking to driving a car. Bob: Mm. It’s good for health and environment. Kim: Yes. Environment is very important for us. 25 Bob: Yeah, right. What else can we do? Kim: For example, you’d better not buy clothes made of animal fur. Bob: I agree with you. 26 Anything else? Kim: Don’t use plastic bags. Bob: 27 Kim: Yes, they are really useful for us. But they pollute our environment. Bob: 28 Kim: We can use cloth bags instead of plastic bags. Bob: That’s a good idea. Oh, it’s too late. See you! Kim: See you! Bye! A．Everyone should do something for it. B．Why don’t you drive to work? C．It’s helpful for protecting plants. D．It’s a good way for protecting animals. E．But don’t you think they are really convenient in our daily lives. F．Why do you go to work in a car? G．How can we carry things after shopping, then? 【答案】24．B 25．A 26．D 27．E 28．G 【分析】此对话是两个人谈论保护环境的一些做法。 24．由下文It can save a lot of time．及Well，I prefer walking to driving a car．可知此处为“你为什么不开车上班？” 25．由下文Environment is very important for us．及Yeah，right．What else can we do?可知此处为“每个人都应为此做一些事。” 26．由上文you’d better not buy clothes made of animal fur．可知此处为“对于保护动物这是个好方式。” 27．由上文Don’t use plastic bags.及Yes，they are really useful for us．可知此处为“但是你不认为它在我们日常的生活中是如此便利吗？” 28．由下文We can use cloth bags instead of plastic bags．可知此处为“那么购物之后我们怎么装东西？” 一、完形填空 Madison Checketts is a 12-year-old girl from Utah, the USA．She has always loved the beach. When she was 1 vacation with her family in California, she couldn’t turn a blind eye to all the plastic water bottles on her favourite beach. So 2 decided to focus on (专注于) reducing plastic litter. When Madison started researching plastic water bottles online, she found 3 more than 35 billion plastic water bottles every year. And most of them are not recycled 4 . So Madison tried 5 an environment-friendly water bottle. After lots of research and hard work, she designed the Eco Hero—an edible (可食用的) water bottle. People can poke (戳) a hole at the top of it, drink the water, 6 then eat it. It costs only about $ 1.20 to make one. “It took me a lot of effort to develop the Eco Hero,” says Madison. “I just kept trying something new, and if it 7 work, I would do more research and try again. As for the future of the Eco Hero, I want to do more 8 to improve it and make it stronger, bigger and be able to last for a longer time. Also, I hope my invention will inspire (激励) others to make 9 difference, even if it’s just in a small way.” As you can imagine, many people 10 by her story. 1．A．of B．for C．on D．with 2．A．she B．her C．herself D．hers 3．A．that do Americans use B．that Americans use C．what do Americans use D．what Americans use 4．A．heavy B．heavily C．proper D．properly 5．A．invent B．to invent C．forget D．to forget 6．A．but B．so C．and D．or 7．A．didn’t B．don’t C．wasn’t D．isn’t 8．A．sign B．signs C．test D．tests 9．A．the B．a C．an D．/ 10．A．encourage B．encouraged C．are encouraged D．is encouraged 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D 5．B 6．C 7．A 8．D 9．B 10．C 【导语】本文主要介绍麦迪逊·切基茨发明了一种可食用的饮水瓶，以此希望减少塑料污染。 1．句意：当她和家人在加利福尼亚度假时，她无法对她最喜欢的海滩上所有的塑料水瓶视而不见。 of关于；for为了；on在上面；with和。be on vacation“在度假”，故选C。 2．句意：所以她决定把重点放在减少塑料垃圾上。 she她，主格；her她，宾格/她的，形容词性物主代词；herself她自己，反身代词；hers她的，名词性物主代词。此处在句中作主语，用主格，故选A。 3．句意：当麦迪逊开始在网上研究塑料水瓶时，她发现美国人每年使用超过350亿个塑料水瓶。 that do Americans use疑问语序；that Americans use美国人使用……，that无实际含义，陈述语序；what do Americans use疑问语序；what Americans use美国人用什么，陈述语序。此处是宾语从句，需用陈述语序，根据“she found...more than 35 billion plastic water bottles every year.”可知，此处指她发现的事实，从句不缺成分，用that引导宾语从句。故选B。 4．句意：而且大多数都没有得到适当的回收。 heavy重的；heavily重地；proper合适的；properly合适地。根据“And most of them are not recycled...”可知，大多数都没有得到适当的回收，用副词修饰动词，故选D。 5．句意：所以麦迪逊试图发明一种环保的水瓶。 invent发明，动词原形；to invent发明，动词不定式；forget忘记，动词原形；to forget忘记，动词不定式。根据“So Madison tried...an environment-friendly water bottle.”可知，麦迪逊试图发明一种环保的水瓶，try to do sth“尝试做某事”，故选B。 6．句意：人们可以在它的顶部戳一个洞，喝水，然后吃它。 but但是；so因此；and和；or或者。根据“People can poke (戳) a hole at the top of it, drink the water, ...then eat it.”可知，前后构成并列关系，用and连接，故选C。 7．句意：我只是不断尝试新的东西，如果不成功，我会做更多的研究，再试一次。 didn’t不，一般过去时；don’t不，一般现在时；wasn’t不是，一般过去时；isn’t不是，一般现在时。根据“I just kept trying something new, and if it...work, I would do more research and try again.”可知，时态是一般过去时，“work”是实意动词，用助动词didn’t构成否定，故选A。 8．句意：至于Eco Hero的未来，我想做更多的测试来改进它，让它更强大，更大，能够持续更长的时间。 sign标志，名词单数；signs标志，名词复数；test测试，名词单数；tests测试，名词复数。根据“I want to do more...to improve it”可知，想做更多的测试来改进它，test是可数名词，more修饰名词复数，故选D。 9．句意：此外，我希望我的发明能激励其他人做出改变，即使只是在很小的方面。 the定冠词表特指；a泛指一个，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an泛指一个，用于元音音素开头的单词前；/零冠词。make a difference“做出改变”，固定短语，故选B。 10．句意：可以想象，很多人都被她的故事所鼓舞。 encourage动词原形；encouraged过去式；are encouraged一般现在时的被动语态，主语是复数或第二人称；is encouraged一般现在时的被动语态，主语是第三人称单数。根据“many people...by her story”可知，很多人都被她的故事所鼓舞，主语是动作的承受者，时态是一般现在时，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是复数，故选C。 二、阅读理解 A The world uses about a thousand million (百万) tons of water a day. Water is a human right and everyone should have their share. Yet more than 700 million people around the world have trouble getting clean, safe water. Treating wastewater is a good way to provide fresh water for us. And it also helps the environment by keeping waste out of rivers and oceans. 80% of wastewater around the world is not treated at all, and it is running into oceans. But now we have got the technology to treat and reuse the wastewater. While 75% of our planet is covered with water, only about 2% is fresh water—that comes from rivers, lakes, ice and snow. The rest, 98% of the water, is in seas and oceans. It is too salty to drink. Then desalination businesses come in. More than 19,000 factories have been built around the world, mostly in coastal countries. They process (加工) more than 92 million tons of water every day. But the technology they use requires a lot of energy. Scientists are working to create a less costly technology. They want to produce 20 times more clean water and make sure everyone has enough. But for now, the world still faces each day with not having enough water for everyone. 11．How many people have trouble in getting clean water around the world? A．Under 10 million. B．Only 19 million. C．About 92 million. D．Over 700 million. 12．Treating wastewater helps the environment by ________. A．storing waste in ice and snow B．letting waste run into oceans C．keeping waste out of rivers and oceans D．sending waste to coastal countries 13．At present, the technology to process water ________. A．needs much energy B．saves much money C．satisfies everyone D．causes pollution 14．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．Water should be a human right. B．The water problem is still serious. C．Our planet is covered with water. D．Everyone has enough clean water. 【答案】11．D 12．C 13．A 14．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了“水是生命之源”，我们的生活离不开水。但地球上的水资源是有限的，全世界很多地方的人们仍然没有办法获得干净、安全的水。现在我们有了一项新的技术，可以处理和再利用废水，但它需要大量的能源，因此科学家们正在努力创造一种成本更低的技术。 11．细节理解题。根据“Yet more than 700 million people around the world have trouble getting clean, safe water.”可知，有超过7亿人在获得清洁、安全的水方面存在困难。故选D。 12．细节理解题。根据“Treating wastewater is a good way to provide fresh water for us. And it also helps the environment by keeping waste out of rivers and oceans”可知，处理废水可以使废物远离河流和海洋，从而有利于保护环境。故选C。 13．细节理解题。根据“But the technology they use requires a lot of energy.”可知，现在处理海水的技术需要大量的能量。故选A。 14．推理判断题。根据“But for now, the world still faces each day with not having enough water for everyone.”可知，现在，世界每天仍然面临着没有足够的水供每个人使用。由此可知现在水问题仍然非常严重，故选B。 B 15 Think before you throw away waste. Cut down on how much you throw in the waste. And be sure to take e-waste, like computers, mobile phones and harmful waste to a special recycling waste bin. 16 It takes a lot of energy to heat water. Don’t always heat the water when you do washing with the washing machine. Wash a full load of clothes in cold water. 17 When it comes to your shopping habits, please think of buying products that are better for the environment or that are made from recycled materials, and above all, have less or no packaging. 18 Talk to your friends, family and school teachers. Teach them what you’ve learned and make your house and school as green as possible. Think of ways to educate others. 19 Walk, cycle, take a subway or a bus. Ask your parents to use public transportation as much as possible instead of using cars too often. A．Deal with waste properly B．Tell people what you’ve learned C．Drive cars less D．Put energy into waste E．Avoid products with lots of packaging F．Use less hot water 【答案】15．A 16．F 17．E 18．B 19．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了一些保护环境的方法。 15．根据“And be sure to take e-waste, like computers, mobile phones and harmful waste to a special recycling waste bin.”可知要将电子垃圾放入专门的回收垃圾箱，选项A“妥善处理废物”与之对应。故选A。 16．根据“It takes a lot of energy to heat water. Don’t always heat the water when you do washing with the washing machine.”可知提倡少烧水，选项F“少用热水”与之对应。故选F。 17．根据“When it comes to your shopping habits, please think of buying products that are better for the environment or that are made from recycled materials, and above all, have less or no packaging.”可知要买包装少的东西，选项E“避免使用大量包装的产品”与之对应。故选E。 18．根据“Talk to your friends, family and school teachers. Teach them what you’ve learned and make your house and school as green as possible. Think of ways to educate others.”可知用学到的东西向周边的人宣传绿化，选项B“告诉人们你学到了什么”与之对应。故选B。 19．根据“Ask your parents to use public transportation as much as possible instead of using cars too often.”可知要少开车多使用公共交通工具，选项C“少开车”与之对应。故选C。 三、任务型阅读 阅读短文，然后根据内容回答问题。 Let’s sit in the “Green” seats! Are you looking forward to next year’s Olympic Games? Paris 2024 promises to be a “green” event. Its organizers have found a new way of going green: In some of the venues (场馆) in Seine-Saint-Denis (塞纳—圣但尼省), about 11,000 seats are made from recycled plastic. The seats were produced by recycling company Lemon Tri and a few partners (合作伙伴). They collected plastic waste and turned it into small pieces. These pieces were then mixed together and heated. After that, they were compressed (压缩) in machines. The results was black or white plastic sheets with flecks (斑点) of color. These sheets were then sanded (打磨), cut and assembled (组装) into seats. Are these seats of good quality (质量), you may ask? Don’t worry! A number of tests have been carried out on them. There were a UV resistance (抗紫外线) test, a fire resistance test, and more. People will be able to sit safely in the chairs and enjoy the excitement of the game! The seats were made from about 100 tons of plastic waste. About 80 percent of the plastic came from local recycling bins (箱). Local schools also collected about five million colored soda bottle caps and they were used in the making of the seats. The seats not only help the environment, but also educate people about recycling. Augustin Jaclin is the co-founder of Lemon Tri. “Our kids put their bottles in the bins,” he said. “Next year, they’ll sit on the seats made from these bottles. This will teach them to recycle more in their daily lives!” 20．Why is the Paris 2024 Olympics a green event? 21．What helps to make sure of the safety of the chairs? 22．Where did the material of the seats mostly come from? 23．Where else do you expect to see the green seats? Why?（Write 30 words or more） 【答案】 20．Because about 11,000 seats are made from recycled plastic. 21．A number of tests have been carried out on the chairs. 22．Local recycling bins. 23．I expect to see the green seats in my cities. Because such chairs are made from the material from the recycling bins. They not only help the environment, but also educate me and other people in my city about recycling. 【导语】本文主要介绍了巴黎2024年奥运会的组织者采用了一种新的环保方式的相关情况。 20．根据“In some of the venues (场馆) in Seine-Saint-Denis (塞纳—圣但尼省), about 11,000 seats are made from recycled plastic.”可知，因为大约11000个座位是由回收塑料制成的。故填Because about 11,000 seats are made from recycled plastic. 21．根据“A number of tests have been carried out on them.”可知，对这些椅子进行了许多测试。故填A number of tests have been carried out on the chairs. 22．根据“About 80 percent of the plastic came from local recycling bins (箱).”可知，座椅的材料大多来自当地的回收箱。故填Local recycling bins. 23．开放性试题，言之有理即可。根据“The seats not only help the environment, but also educate people about recycling.”及短文内容可知，我希望看到我所在城市的绿色座位。因为这种椅子是用回收箱里的材料做的。它们不仅有助于环境保护，还教育我和我所在城市的其他人有关回收利用的知识。故填I expect to see the green seats in my cities. Because such chairs are made from the material from the recycling bins. They not only help the environment, but also educate me and other people in my city about recycling. 四、短文填空 阅读下面短文，根据语境和所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个适当的单词。 Have you ever heard of the term “white pollution”? It 24 (be) a kind of serious environmental problem. The white color usually 25 (refer) to something clear and clean. However, white pollution is very 26 (harm). Because of single-use plastic tableware (餐具) and thin plastic bags, white pollution is becoming more and more serious. They’re easy to use and have already become a part of 27 (we) daily life. When people ask for take-out food, it usually comes with single-use plastic boxes. When people go shopping, they can often get plastic bags. People use too many plastic products because 28 their convenience. Now, white pollution has become 29 big problem. White pollution affects the environment 30 (main) in two ways. On the one hand, plastic waste can be seen everywhere in the natural environment. It makes cities, towns, hills, lakes… dirty. On the other hand, plastic waste can stay for 31 (century), resulting in soil pollution and water pollution. It can even cause many illnesses. What’s worse, animals might die after 32 (eat) plastic rubbish by mistake on the land or in the water. And it’s hard to solve the problem. Now everyone should help reduce white pollution 33 recycle plastic waste. 【答案】 24．is 25．refers 26．harmful 27．our 28．of 29．a 30．mainly 31．centuries 32．eating 33．and 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了“白色污染”及其危害。 24．句意：这是一种严重的环境问题。根据句意及语境可知，句子是陈述现在的一个事实，所以时态为一般现在时；主语It是第三人称单数，所以be动词应用单数形式is，故填is。 25．句意：白色通常指的是清晰干净的东西。根据“usually”及语境可知，句子陈述的是一个事实，所以时态为一般现在时；主语The white color是第三人称单数，所以谓语动词应用三单形式refers，故填refers。 26．句意：然而，白色污染是非常有害的。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作表语；所以应用形容词，harm的形容词是harmful，故填harmful。 27．句意：它们很容易使用，已经成为我们日常生活的一部分。根据空后的名词“life”可知，空处应用we的形容词性物主代词our，来修饰名词，故填our。 28．句意：人们使用太多的塑料制品是因为它们的方便。根据“because”及句意可知，表示“因为，由于”，因为已有“because”，所以空处应填of，构成短语“because of因为，由于”，故填of。 29．句意：现在，白色污染已经成为一个大问题。根据空后的名词“problem”可知，其为可数名词单数形式，所以前面应用冠词来修饰；根据句意及语境可知，无特指，且空后的big是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以应用不定冠词a，故填a。 30．句意：白色污染对环境的影响主要有两个方面。分析句子结构可知，空处应用副词作状语，main的副词形式是mainly，故填mainly。 31．句意：另一方面，塑料垃圾可能会持续几个世纪，导致土壤污染和水污染。根据提示词“century”可知，其为可数名词，且空前没有表示单数的冠词，所以应用复数形式centuries，故填centuries。 32．句意：更糟糕的是，动物可能会在陆地或水中误食塑料垃圾后死亡。根据空前的介词“after”可知，空处应用动词的-ing形式，eat的-ing形式是eating，故填eating。 33．句意：现在每个人都应该帮助减少白色污染和回收塑料垃圾。分析句子结构可知，“reduce white pollution”和“recycle plastic waste”为并列关系，均作动词“help”的宾语，所以应用and连接，故填and。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$