精品解析：2025届陕西省西安市西安市第八十五中学高三上学期第一次模拟英语试题

西安市第八十五中学高2025届高三年级第一次模拟考试 英语试题 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What will Chris do next? A. Drink some coffee. B. Watch the World Cup. C. Go to sleep. 2. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Strangers. B. Classmates. C. Relatives. 3. What is the woman’s attitude to the man’s suggestion? A. Favorable. B. Tolerant. C. Negative. 4 What can we learn about Tom? A. He’s smart for his age. B. He’s unwilling to study. C. He’s difficult to get along with. 5. What did Kevin do yesterday? A. He went swimming. B. He cleaned up his house. C. He talked with his grandparents. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Who is arranging the meeting? A. Peter. B. David. C. Janet. 7. When does the man prefer to have the meeting? A. This Wednesday. B. This Friday. C. Next Monday. 听第7段材料，回答第 8、9 题。 8 What are the speakers talking about? A. Travel experiences. B. Vacation plans. C. Favorite seasons. 9. What does the man want to do? A. Go to the beach. B. Find a summer job. C. Move to Washington. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. What does the news say about big online spenders in the US? A. The number of them grows slowly. B. There are more men than women. C. They make up half of all shoppers. 11. How much did Americans spend shopping online last year? A. $453 billion. B. $990 billion. C. $1,500 billion. 12. What did George buy online last Sunday? A. An adventure novel. B. A software package. C. A note by Mark Twain. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. What has Richard been doing? A. Visiting a museum. B. Watching TV. C. Studying. 14. Why does Susan call Richard? A. To ask for help. B. To give thanks. C. To make an appointment. 15. What does Susan want to do? A. See an exhibition. B. Buy a new cell phone. C. Take pictures of the snow. 16. What will the speakers probably do? A. Go to a park. B. Play football. C. Attend a party. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Where did the speaker learn about college? A. From the movies. B. From her family. C. From the books. 18. What helped change the speaker’s attitude towards study? A. Her professor’s advice. B. Her graduate program. C. Her trip to Africa. 19. How does the speaker feel when she talks about her past experiences? A. Regretful. B. Relieved. C. Grateful. 20. Who is the speaker probably talking to? A. Conservation workers. B. High school students. C. College teachers. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A At Cambridge, rather than choosing a hall of residence or dormitory, you live in a Cambridge College. There are 29 undergraduate Colleges. Each College has its own services. facilities and community. Applying for accommodation You don’t need to apply for accommodation separately. If you’re offered a place to study, you will automatically get a room in College accommodation for your first year. Accommodation is guaranteed for 3 or 4 years for international students. This accommodation will be in College-owned property. Typically, you won’t have to pay 12 months of rent per year. Our accommodation contracts are around 27 to 39 weeks. Cost of accommodation Accommodation costs vary from College to College. They also usually depend on the size of your room. Your accommodation costs will usually cover: •water, electricity and heating •cleaning •internet access •basic self-catering (自助膳食) facilities Where you will live During term time, you will need to live within a 3-mile radius (半径) of Cambridge city centre. You can live outside of this area if you get permission from your College or if you’re studying abroad as part of your course. If you think you’ll need to live outside of the 3-mile radius, you should contact a College to talk about your options before you apply. College student life and support Your College is where you do a lot of your studying and socializing. Register and click to find out about College facilities and student life on the College pages. 1. What is an advantage of Cambridge College accommodation? A. It is eco-friendly. B. It is money-saving. C. It is self-tailored. D. It is space-efficient. 2. A student can live outside of the required area during term time if he/she_________. A. plans to travel abroad B. prefers more privacy C. takes an optional course D. gains college approval 3. Where is the text probably taken from? A. A college guidebook. B. An admission letter. C. A university website. D. A property rental ad. B “It was written in some sense,” Sophie Blake, a physics professor, would end up in observational cosmology — the study of the origin and development of the universe using specialized telescopes. “I’m not going to lie. My father was a physicist. My mother’s an astronomer. But no kid wants to be like their parents,” she jokes, semi-seriously. Blake always enjoyed building things like a child engineer. It wasn’t unusual for her to experiment with her father’s research equipment. She thanks, in part, her short attention period for her inquisitiveness, “I am always looking for something.” For the last few years, Blake has been searching for signs of the universe’s early existence — from the birth of the first stars to the “cosmic (宇宙的) dark ages” — and she’s building her own equipment to explore beyond the known universe, focusing on its distant past with novel radio technology. Since 2017, Blake and her team have been engineering and planting radio telescopes in two of the Earth’s most remote (and quietest) locations for the best shot at hearing the earliest voice of the universe. Initially, Blake planned a PhD in particle (粒子) physics but switched direction after a visit to a lab with messy equipment and tools everywhere at the California Institute of Technology. “I didn’t know about observational cosmology then but thought, ‘Whatever this is, I want to do that.’” She spent a year at the Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station, after conducting experiments of a balloon-borne microwave telescope launched from McMurdo. “That really inspired my love for remote places,” she said. Eventually, she wanted to engineer her own instruments. After her year at the South Pole, she joined the University of KwaZulu-Natal in South Africa. At that time, the site decision was made for the largest radio telescope group on Earth. “This was also a leap of faith because I really couldn’t continue the work I was doing before.” Blake recalls. “I had never done radio before but I thought, ‘Let me give this a try and see how it goes.’” 4. What can we infer from Blake’s joke in paragraph 1? A. She follows in her parents’ footsteps. B. She develops an interest in telescopes. C. She lies about her parents’ professions. D. She lives up to her parents’ expectations. 5. What does the underlined word “inquisitiveness” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Talent. B. Courage. C. Curiosity. D. Intelligence. 6. What stimulated Blake’s passion for distant places? A. Her visit to a lab in a university. B. Her wish to build her own equipment. C. Her faith in hearing the cosmic sound. D. Her experience at a South Pole Station. 7. Which of the following best describes Blake? A. Confident and caring. B. Generous and optimistic. C. Modest and open-minded. D. Adventurous and determined. C What if you threw a party and nobody came, but that’s exactly what you expected? That’s precisely what famous physicist Stephen Hawking did on June 28, 2009. He rented a space at Cambridge University and got balloons and decorations. Then he sat in the empty room for a few hours and left. Essentially, Hawking’s time travel party was held for our future generations, should they ever crack the mystery of time travel. one of the biggest challenges faced by modern physics. The setup may seem silly, but Hawking was actually experimenting. That’s because our current knowledge of physics does not strictly forbid time travel. Indeed, in some cases, it’s clearly allowed. The general theory of relativity provides several situations that might enable time travel into the past. One involves a limitlessly long cylinder (圆柱体), which rotates (旋转) fast enough to allow you to travel a path around it and end up in the past. Another is the creation of a worm hole with different time at each end, allowing you to travel down one end and exit into the past. Since nobody showed up to Hawking’s time travel party, we have a few possible conclusions: Time travel into the past is not allowed. Our future generations will discover the fundamental reason why time travel into the past is forbidden and sigh regretfully that they could not accept Hawking’s invitation. Time travel into the past is allowed, but we figure it out so far into the future that Hawking’s invitation doesn’t survive long enough. Time travel into the past is allowed, but we never figure it out. Maybe our human intellect isn’t quite powerful enough to detect the deeper mysteries of the universe. Time travel into the past is allowed, but there are rules. Maybe it is exceptionally complicated to build a time machine, or we can send signals into the past, but not entire persons. Of course, if someone from the future had shown up, it would’ve been a big deal. But, as experiments go, Hawking’s party wasn’t a total failure. In this case, it showed that the mystery of time travel will remain unsolved-at least for the time being. 8. Why did Stephen Hawking throw the party? A. To publicize his fame. B. To test a physics assumption. C. To welcome certain visitors. D. To benefit future generations. 9 What does paragraph 3 mainly discuss regarding time travel into the past? A. Its vital significance. B. Its possible methods. C. Its potential influence. D. Its practical applications. 10. What possibly led to nobody coming to Hawking’s party? A. Lost invitation. B. Disturbed signals. C. Powerful intelligence. D. Insufficient attention. 11. What does the author think of Hawking’s party? A. It was valuable. B. It was impractical. C. It was confusing. D. It was transformative. D There have been concerns that video games might damage our mental and physical well-being. Recently, more researches have revealed these worries are largely unfounded. Nevertheless, there exists a deep-seated idea that playing them rots your brain — it’s easy to view them as an unproductive waste of time. But in reality, is the opposite the case? For years, “brain-training” games and apps have been convinced to be an effective way to boost our cognitive (认知的) abilities or intelligence, as it’s thought that by playing a series of quickfire puzzles focusing on things like memory or spatial awareness, over time our abilities in these areas will improve; theoretically, so will our general intelligence. From a research viewpoint, the key lies in whether playing these sorts of games results in “transfer” effects — “near” and “far” transfer effects: near effects relate to whether playing one memory game results in improvements in other memory games, whereas far effects relate to whether playing that game results in a general improvement in cognitive abilities. Some studies have pointed out brain-training games show weak near effects. As for far effects, there’s no convincing evidence this happens. However, things get interesting when brain-training games are compared with video games. In a 2015 study comparing the brain-training game SmartP with the video game Mazix, researchers found SmartP players didn’t show boosts in problem-solving and spatial skills, but Mazix players did. More recently, in 2020, researchers in Sweden studied data from some 9,000 children and found that kids aged 9 or 10 who played video games for above-average amounts of time didn’t show any differences in intelligence compared with those playing less. Two years later, they discovered that by 12, the kids playing video games had 2.5 more IQ points than average. Why video games result in improvements in cognitive abilities over more targeted games isn’t clear. One argument is to do with the amount of time invested: whereas brain-training apps tend to deliver mini-games over a short time, video games have players engaged and require sustained levels of attention and problem-solving. Despite some promising findings, it’s currently unsafe to say that video games make us smarter. Meanwhile, video games can offer both advantages and risks, so it’s important to be cautious and avoid making quick judgments. 12. What do people usually think of brain-training games? A. They are a waste of time. B. They can improve our intelligence. C. They are easily accessible. D. They may enhance our concentration. 13. What do we know about Mazix players? A. They demonstrated signs of far effects. B. They had a great talent for video games. C. They exhibited boosts in gaming skills. D. They proved the importance of near effects. 14. What does the study in 2020 reveal? A. The limited effects of age on IQ points. B. The negative impacts of video games. C. The advantages of playing more games. D. The benefits of video games over time. 15. What is the best title for the text? A Do Brain-training Games Really Work? B. Video Games or Brain-training Games? C. Could Video Games Make Us Smarter? D. Should We Stop Playing Video Games? 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Exercise needs differ from person to person due to a number of reasons. ___16___ Genetic (基因的) variability Genes play a very big role in determining a person’s response to exercise. ___17___ Some people may naturally prefer endurance activities (耐力训练), while others may have a genetic make-up that favours strength exercises. Therefore, different genes determine different reactions. Age ___18___ Children and adolescents may have different needs for growth and development compared to adults or older people focusing on bone density (密度) and functional abilities. When you are at different ages, you have to choose different exercise. Personal goals ___19___ Most people have their own goals when exercising and the plan they follow needs to meet those goals. Personal preferences also come into play, as some people prefer exercising in a team or class, while others prefer solo workouts. In between exercise Activity levels between workouts will also influence a person’s exercise needs and how much they eat. If you’re in an active job, for example, you might not need as much exercise as someone who often sits. Recovery is also important, as this is where the majority of your gains are made. ___20___ Recognizing and accepting these differences is vital for tailoring effective and sustainable exercise programmes that meet a person’s needs. A. Not everyone wants to get faster or be stronger. B. There are various ways to meet people’s needs. C. So what are the factors that contribute to varying needs? D. Motivation and stress level also affect your recovery often. E. Exercise requirements change over the course of a person’s life. F. Everyone has different recovery times, even after doing the same workout. G. Gene influences factors such as muscle fiber composition and other capacities. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 My daughter’s dog, “Thunder”, has been in declining health for months now. He is eating less, sleeping more, and ___21___ not doing well. Sadly, it is a ___22___ I have seen too many times as my own dogs have gotten older. Thunder is 12 years old or 84 in people years. It has always seemed so ___23___ to me that our dogs live such short lives compared to ours. Seeing that Thunder’s time was coming to an end, my daughter tried to ___24___ a new puppy to ___25___ her weak dog. Unfortunately, things didn’t ___26___ as she hoped. Her dog didn’t enjoy having a high energy puppy around. So “Hank” the puppy ___27___ me. Thankfully, my sons took him as their own. Each day Hank runs and plays with them until everyone is ___28___ but him. ___29___ lovely Hank bark, chew, and play all day makes me wish that I also had the ___30___ of a puppy. In terms of ___31___ , I am much closer to old Thunder than Hank. My body tends to be ___32___ every day and I just can’t do all the things I used to. As I watch both Thunder and Hank, however, my heart fills with love for them. Dogs are such a ___33___ from Nature. They teach us so much about life. They play with abandon, not caring about what’s happening around — just live each day ___34___ . And they love unconditionally. If we all could just live with the ___35___ our dogs do, this world would be a better place. 21. A. barely B. generally C. naturally D. occasionally 22. A. view B. choice C. pattern D. surprise 23. A. unfair B. immoral C. significant D. realistic 24. A. pursue B. fetch C. adopt D. carry 25. A. accompany B. bother C. admire D. replace 26. A. fit B. continue C. stop D. work 27. A. broke away from B. came back to C. ended up with D. dropped in on 28. A. motivated B. exhausted C. relieved D. embarrassed 29. A. Watching B. Making C. Helping D. Feeling 30. A. confidence B. curiosity C. courage D. energy 31. A. age B. build C. attitude D. character 32. A. adjusting B. aching C. sweating D. relaxing 33. A. challenge B. gift C. concern D. discovery 34. A. gratefully B. faithfully C. joyfully D. wisely 35. A. hope B. goal C. interest D. love 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On the playground of a town school in Tanghe county in Central China’s Henan province, a bus full of science kits stops by. It quickly draws a crowd of pupils eager to explore ___36___ is inside. Soon, several robots are carefully unloaded ___37___ the bus and begin dancing with consistent human-like moves. The children watch cheerfully, bursting into laughter as the robots ___38___ (gentle) extend their hands to invite them to join the dance. The bus was not a performance group of any kind ___39___ a mobile science class jointly organized by the Ministry of Education, the China Science and Technology Museum and a social media platform, ___40___ (aim) to sow seeds of passion for science among children in the ___41___ (country) vast rural areas. Lyu Guofan, chairman of the Henan Association for Science and Technology, says that rural areas are mostly faced with a ___42___ (short) of teachers and equipment ___43___ (qualify) for scientific education. Since February, scientists, science educators and science museum staff ___44___ (walk) into 18 town schools in the Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region and Henan and Gansu provinces. In May last year, the education ministry and other departments released a document ____45____ (strengthen) scientific education in primary and secondary schools, promising to ensure that a more sound system will be in place in three to five years. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假设你是晨光中学的学生李津，通过交换生项目在英国某中学就读，校方为加强中英文化交流，将举办“中国工坊” 活动。该活动主题涉及中华美食、中国传统手工艺、中国书法和绘画，拟招募学生现场教授相关技能。请按照以下提示，写一封申请信： (1)申请参加本次活动； (2)阐述你对本次文化交流活动意义的理解； (3)结合个人兴趣和特长，说明拟教授何种技能，并阐述原因。 参考词汇：中国工坊 Chinese Workshop 中华美食 Chinese cuisine 手工艺 handicraft 书法 calligraphy 注意： (1)词数不少于100； (2)可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯； (3)开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Sir/Madam, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Sincerely yours, Li Jin 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Last summer, Hilda worked as a volunteer with dolphin trainers at a sea life park. Her job was to make sure the tanks were free of any items so that the trainers could train the dolphins to fetch specific items. However, one day after cleaning, one of the dolphins, Maya, presented Hilda with a candy wrapper from the tank. When Katherine, the trainer, saw this, she blamed Hilda for her carelessness. Upset but not discouraged by this event, Hilda decided to do some spying on Maya. The next morning, Hilda arrived at the park early. She put on her scuba gear (水下呼吸器) and jumped into the tank for her usual, underwater sweep. Finding nothing in the tank, she climbed out of the water just in time to see Katherine jumping in on the other side. After what happened yesterday, Hilda knew what she was doing. She watched as Katherine performed her underwater search, but Hilda wasn’t surprised when she surfaced empty-handed. During the tank sweeps, Maya had been swimming playfully, but now the dolphin stopped suddenly and swam to the back part of the tank where the filter (过滤) box was located. She stuck her nose down behind the box and then swam away. What was Maya doing back there? Hilda wondered. She jumped back into the water and swam over to take a look behind the box, and her question was answered. Hilda then swam across the tank following Maya’s path and emerged from the water to find Katherine removing her scuba gear. As Katherine turned around, her mouth dropped open. There was Maya at the edge of the tank with a comb (梳子) in her mouth waiting for her treat. “Maya! Where did you get that?” demanded Katherine, taking the comb and throwing her a fish. “I know where she got it,” declared Hilda climbing out of the tank with a handful of items still wet from their watery, resting place. “What’s all this?” Katherine asked, obviously confused. 注意： (1)续写词数应150个左右; (2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 “This is Maya’s secret,” Hilda said with a big smile. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Now Katherine realized what had been going on. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 听力1—5 AACBC 6—10 CBBAB 11—15 ACBAC 16—20 AABCB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 西安市第八十五中学高2025届高三年级第一次模拟考试 英语试题 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What will Chris do next? A. Drink some coffee. B. Watch the World Cup. C. Go to sleep. 2. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Strangers. B. Classmates. C. Relatives. 3. What is the woman’s attitude to the man’s suggestion? A. Favorable. B. Tolerant. C. Negative. 4. What can we learn about Tom? A. He’s smart for his age. B. He’s unwilling to study. C. He’s difficult to get along with. 5. What did Kevin do yesterday? A. He went swimming. B. He cleaned up his house. C. He talked with his grandparents. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Who is arranging the meeting? A. Peter. B. David. C. Janet. 7. When does the man prefer to have the meeting? A. This Wednesday. B. This Friday. C. Next Monday. 听第7段材料，回答第 8、9 题。 8. What are the speakers talking about? A. Travel experiences. B. Vacation plans. C. Favorite seasons. 9. What does the man want to do? A. Go to the beach. B. Find a summer job. C. Move to Washington. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. What does the news say about big online spenders in the US? A. The number of them grows slowly. B. There are more men than women. C. They make up half of all shoppers. 11. How much did Americans spend shopping online last year? A. $453 billion. B. $990 billion. C. $1,500 billion. 12. What did George buy online last Sunday? A. An adventure novel. B. A software package. C. A note by Mark Twain. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. What has Richard been doing? A. Visiting a museum. B. Watching TV. C. Studying. 14. Why does Susan call Richard? A. To ask for help. B. To give thanks. C. To make an appointment. 15. What does Susan want to do? A. See an exhibition. B. Buy a new cell phone. C. Take pictures of the snow. 16. What will the speakers probably do? A. Go to a park. B. Play football. C. Attend a party. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Where did the speaker learn about college? A. From the movies. B. From her family. C. From the books. 18. What helped change the speaker’s attitude towards study? A. Her professor’s advice. B. Her graduate program. C. Her trip to Africa. 19. How does the speaker feel when she talks about her past experiences? A. Regretful. B. Relieved. C. Grateful. 20. Who is the speaker probably talking to? A. Conservation workers. B. High school students. C. College teachers. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A At Cambridge, rather than choosing a hall of residence or dormitory, you live in a Cambridge College. There are 29 undergraduate Colleges. Each College has its own services. facilities and community. Applying for accommodation You don’t need to apply for accommodation separately. If you’re offered a place to study, you will automatically get a room in College accommodation for your first year. Accommodation is guaranteed for 3 or 4 years for international students. This accommodation will be in College-owned property. Typically, you won’t have to pay 12 months of rent per year. Our accommodation contracts are around 27 to 39 weeks. Cost of accommodation Accommodation costs vary from College to College. They also usually depend on the size of your room. Your accommodation costs will usually cover: •water, electricity and heating •cleaning •internet access •basic self-catering (自助膳食) facilities Where you will live During term time, you will need to live within a 3-mile radius (半径) of Cambridge city centre. You can live outside of this area if you get permission from your College or if you’re studying abroad as part of your course. If you think you’ll need to live outside of the 3-mile radius, you should contact a College to talk about your options before you apply. College student life and support Your College is where you do a lot of your studying and socializing. Register and click to find out about College facilities and student life on the College pages. 1. What is an advantage of Cambridge College accommodation? A. It is eco-friendly. B. It is money-saving. C. It is self-tailored. D. It is space-efficient. 2. A student can live outside of the required area during term time if he/she_________. A. plans to travel abroad B. prefers more privacy C. takes an optional course D. gains college approval 3. Where is the text probably taken from? A. A college guidebook. B. An admission letter. C. A university website. D. A property rental ad. 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。告知了剑桥大学住宿申请的相关信息。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Applying for accommodation部分中“Typically, you won’t have to pay 12 months of rent per year. Our accommodation contracts are around 27 to 39 weeks.(一般来说，你不需要每年付12个月的房租。我们的住宿合同约为27至39周)”可知，对于学生而言，是可以省钱的。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Where you will live部分中“You can live outside of this area if you get permission from your College or if you’re studying abroad as part of your course.(如果你得到学校的许可，或者你在国外学习作为你课程的一部分，你可以住在这个地区以外)”可知，经学院批准，学生可以在学期期间住在规定区域以外的地方。故选D。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Register and click to find out about College facilities and student life on the College pages.(注册并点击在学院页面上了解学院设施和学生生活)”可知，这篇文章可以在大学网站上看到。故选C。 B “It was written in some sense,” Sophie Blake, a physics professor, would end up in observational cosmology — the study of the origin and development of the universe using specialized telescopes. “I’m not going to lie. My father was a physicist. My mother’s an astronomer. But no kid wants to be like their parents,” she jokes, semi-seriously. Blake always enjoyed building things like a child engineer. It wasn’t unusual for her to experiment with her father’s research equipment. She thanks, in part, her short attention period for her inquisitiveness, “I am always looking for something.” For the last few years, Blake has been searching for signs of the universe’s early existence — from the birth of the first stars to the “cosmic (宇宙的) dark ages” — and she’s building her own equipment to explore beyond the known universe, focusing on its distant past with novel radio technology. Since 2017, Blake and her team have been engineering and planting radio telescopes in two of the Earth’s most remote (and quietest) locations for the best shot at hearing the earliest voice of the universe. Initially, Blake planned a PhD in particle (粒子) physics but switched direction after a visit to a lab with messy equipment and tools everywhere at the California Institute of Technology. “I didn’t know about observational cosmology then but thought, ‘Whatever this is, I want to do that.’” She spent a year at the Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station, after conducting experiments of a balloon-borne microwave telescope launched from McMurdo. “That really inspired my love for remote places,” she said. Eventually, she wanted to engineer her own instruments. After her year at the South Pole, she joined the University of KwaZulu-Natal in South Africa. At that time, the site decision was made for the largest radio telescope group on Earth. “This was also a leap of faith because I really couldn’t continue the work I was doing before.” Blake recalls. “I had never done radio before but I thought, ‘Let me give this a try and see how it goes.’” 4. What can we infer from Blake’s joke in paragraph 1? A. She follows in her parents’ footsteps. B. She develops an interest in telescopes. C. She lies about her parents’ professions. D. She lives up to her parents’ expectations. 5. What does the underlined word “inquisitiveness” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Talent. B. Courage. C. Curiosity. D. Intelligence. 6. What stimulated Blake’s passion for distant places? A. Her visit to a lab in a university. B. Her wish to build her own equipment. C. Her faith in hearing the cosmic sound. D. Her experience at a South Pole Station. 7. Which of the following best describes Blake? A. Confident and caring. B. Generous and optimistic. C. Modest and open-minded. D. Adventurous and determined. 【答案】4. A 5. C 6. D 7. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述Sophie Blake改变研究方向——从粒子物理学转向宇宙观测学——的经历和之后在该领域所做相关研究工作。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段““It was written in some sense,” Sophie Blake, a physics professor, would end up in observational cosmology—the study of the origin and development of the universe using specialized telescopes. “I’m not going to lie. My father was a physicist. My mother’s an astronomer. But no kid wants to be like their parents,” she jokes, semi-seriously.(物理学教授索菲·布莱克最终选择了观测宇宙学——用专门的望远镜研究宇宙的起源和发展——“从某种意义上说，它是写出来的。”“我不想撒谎。我父亲是个物理学家。我妈妈是天文学家。但没有孩子想要像他们的父母一样，”她半严肃地开玩笑说)”可知，布莱克最终还是继承了父母的事业，成为了宇宙学家。故选A。 【5题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“I am always looking for something.(我总是在寻找一些东西)”可知，她总是寻找一些东西，说明充满好奇心，故划线部分单词意思为“好奇心”。故选C。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“She spent a year at the Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station, after conducting experiments of a balloon-borne microwave telescope launched from McMurdo. “That really inspired my love for remote places,” she said.(她在阿蒙森-斯科特南极站呆了一年，在那里进行了从麦克默多发射的气球载微波望远镜的实验。“这真的激发了我对偏远地区的热爱，”她说)”可知，在南极站的经历激发了布莱克对远方的热情。故选D。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段““I didn’t know about observational cosmology then but thought, ‘Whatever this is, I want to do that.’”(“当时我还不知道观测宇宙学，但我想，‘不管这是什么，我都想做。’”)”可知，Blake 是一个坚决果断的人；根据最后一段““I had never done radio before but I thought, ‘Let me give this a try and see how it goes.’”(“我以前从来没有做过广播，但我想，‘让我试一试，看看会怎么样。’”)”可知，她还是一个有冒险精神、敢于尝试新鲜事物的人。 故选D。 C What if you threw a party and nobody came, but that’s exactly what you expected? That’s precisely what famous physicist Stephen Hawking did on June 28, 2009. He rented a space at Cambridge University and got balloons and decorations. Then he sat in the empty room for a few hours and left. Essentially, Hawking’s time travel party was held for our future generations, should they ever crack the mystery of time travel. one of the biggest challenges faced by modern physics. The setup may seem silly, but Hawking was actually experimenting. That’s because our current knowledge of physics does not strictly forbid time travel. Indeed, in some cases, it’s clearly allowed. The general theory of relativity provides several situations that might enable time travel into the past. One involves a limitlessly long cylinder (圆柱体), which rotates (旋转) fast enough to allow you to travel a path around it and end up in the past. Another is the creation of a worm hole with different time at each end, allowing you to travel down one end and exit into the past. Since nobody showed up to Hawking’s time travel party, we have a few possible conclusions: Time travel into the past is not allowed. Our future generations will discover the fundamental reason why time travel into the past is forbidden and sigh regretfully that they could not accept Hawking’s invitation. Time travel into the past is allowed, but we figure it out so far into the future that Hawking’s invitation doesn’t survive long enough. Time travel into the past is allowed, but we never figure it out. Maybe our human intellect isn’t quite powerful enough to detect the deeper mysteries of the universe. Time travel into the past is allowed, but there are rules. Maybe it is exceptionally complicated to build a time machine, or we can send signals into the past, but not entire persons. Of course, if someone from the future had shown up, it would’ve been a big deal. But, as experiments go, Hawking’s party wasn’t a total failure. In this case, it showed that the mystery of time travel will remain unsolved-at least for the time being. 8. Why did Stephen Hawking throw the party? A. To publicize his fame. B. To test a physics assumption. C. To welcome certain visitors. D. To benefit future generations. 9. What does paragraph 3 mainly discuss regarding time travel into the past? A. Its vital significance. B. Its possible methods. C. Its potential influence. D. Its practical applications. 10. What possibly led to nobody coming to Hawking’s party? A. Lost invitation. B. Disturbed signals. C. Powerful intelligence. D. Insufficient attention. 11. What does the author think of Hawking’s party? A. It was valuable. B. It was impractical. C. It was confusing. D. It was transformative. 【答案】8. B 9. B 10. A 11. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要写了史蒂芬·霍金在2009 年做的一场关于时空旅行的实验以及相关的思考。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段的“Essentially, Hawking’s time travel party was held for our future generations, should they ever crack the mystery of time travel. one of the biggest challenges faced by modern physics. The setup may seem silly, but Hawking was actually experimenting. That’s because our current knowledge of physics does not strictly forbid time travel.(本质上，霍金的时间旅行派对是为我们的后代举办的，如果他们能够解开时间旅行的谜团。这是现代物理学面临的最大挑战之一。这种设置可能看起来很愚蠢，但霍金实际上是在做实验。这是因为我们目前的物理学知识并没有严格禁止时间旅行)”可知，霍金举办这个派对是为了进行一个实验，测试时间旅行的假设。故选B。 【9题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第三段的“The general theory of relativity provides several situations that might enable time travel into the past.(广义相对论提供了几种可能使时间旅行回到过去的情况)”以及整段可知，第三段主要讨论了几种可能实现时间旅行的方法，包括旋转的无限长圆柱体和虫洞。故选B。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第六段“Time travel into the past is allowed, but we figure it out so far into the future that Hawking’s invitation doesn’t survive long enough.(过去的时间旅行是允许的，但我们发现，到目前为止，霍金的邀请并没有持续足够长的时间)”可知，时间旅行到过去是被允许的, 但我们却在太遥远的未来才发现，以至于霍金的邀请无法长久存在，不会延续到未来。由此可推知，没有人出现在霍金的派对上的理由有可能是“遗失的邀请”。故选A。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段的“But, as experiments go, Hawking’s party wasn’t a total failure. In this case, it showed that the mystery of time travel will remain unsolved-at least for the time being.(但是，就实验而言，霍金的派对并没有完全失败。在这种情况下，它表明时间旅行的奥秘将至少暂时无法解开)”可知，尽管没有人出席，但霍金的派对并不是完全失败的实验，它展示了时间旅行的神秘性仍然未解。由此可推知，作者认为霍金的实验是有价值的。故选A。 D There have been concerns that video games might damage our mental and physical well-being. Recently, more researches have revealed these worries are largely unfounded. Nevertheless, there exists a deep-seated idea that playing them rots your brain — it’s easy to view them as an unproductive waste of time. But in reality, is the opposite the case? For years, “brain-training” games and apps have been convinced to be an effective way to boost our cognitive (认知的) abilities or intelligence, as it’s thought that by playing a series of quickfire puzzles focusing on things like memory or spatial awareness, over time our abilities in these areas will improve; theoretically, so will our general intelligence. From a research viewpoint, the key lies in whether playing these sorts of games results in “transfer” effects — “near” and “far” transfer effects: near effects relate to whether playing one memory game results in improvements in other memory games, whereas far effects relate to whether playing that game results in a general improvement in cognitive abilities. Some studies have pointed out brain-training games show weak near effects. As for far effects, there’s no convincing evidence this happens. However, things get interesting when brain-training games are compared with video games. In a 2015 study comparing the brain-training game SmartP with the video game Mazix, researchers found SmartP players didn’t show boosts in problem-solving and spatial skills, but Mazix players did. More recently, in 2020, researchers in Sweden studied data from some 9,000 children and found that kids aged 9 or 10 who played video games for above-average amounts of time didn’t show any differences in intelligence compared with those playing less. Two years later, they discovered that by 12, the kids playing video games had 2.5 more IQ points than average. Why video games result in improvements in cognitive abilities over more targeted games isn’t clear. One argument is to do with the amount of time invested: whereas brain-training apps tend to deliver mini-games over a short time, video games have players engaged and require sustained levels of attention and problem-solving. Despite some promising findings, it’s currently unsafe to say that video games make us smarter. Meanwhile, video games can offer both advantages and risks, so it’s important to be cautious and avoid making quick judgments. 12 What do people usually think of brain-training games? A. They are a waste of time. B. They can improve our intelligence. C. They are easily accessible. D. They may enhance our concentration. 13. What do we know about Mazix players? A. They demonstrated signs of far effects. B. They had a great talent for video games. C. They exhibited boosts in gaming skills. D. They proved the importance of near effects. 14. What does the study in 2020 reveal? A. The limited effects of age on IQ points. B. The negative impacts of video games. C. The advantages of playing more games. D. The benefits of video games over time. 15. What is the best title for the text? A Do Brain-training Games Really Work? B. Video Games or Brain-training Games? C. Could Video Games Make Us Smarter? D. Should We Stop Playing Video Games? 【答案】12. B 13. A 14. D 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了电子游戏能否让人类变得更聪明的问题。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“For years, “brain-training” games and apps have been convinced to be an effective way to boost our cognitive abilities or intelligence, as it’s thought that by playing a series of quickfire puzzles focusing on things like memory or spatial awareness, over time our abilities in these areas will improve;(多年来，“大脑训练”游戏和应用程序一直被认为是提高我们认知能力或智力的有效方法，因为人们认为，通过玩一系列专注于记忆或空间意识的速射谜题，随着时间的推移，我们在这些领域的能力将会提高)”可知，人们通常认为脑力训练游戏可以提高我们的智力。故选B。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段的“Some studies have pointed out brain-training games show weak near effects. As for far effects, there’s no convincing evidence this happens.(一些研究指出，大脑训练游戏显示出微弱的近距效应。至于远效应，没有令人信服的证据表明会发生这种情况)”以及文章第四段的“In a 2015 study comparing the brain-training game SmartP with the video game Mazix, researchers found SmartP players didn’t show boosts in problem-solving and spatial skills, but Mazix players did.(在2015年的一项研究中，研究人员将大脑训练游戏SmartP与电子游戏Mazix进行了比较，发现SmartP玩家在解决问题和空间技能方面没有表现出提升，但Mazix玩家表现出了提升)”可推知，Mazix玩家展示了远效应的迹象。故选A。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第五段的“Two years later, they discovered that by 12, the kids playing video games had 2.5 more IQ points than average.(两年后，他们发现，到12岁时，玩电子游戏的孩子智商比平均水平高出2.5分)”可推知，2020年的研究揭示了随着时间的推移，电子游戏所展现出的益处。故选D。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章内容，尤其是最后一段“Despite some promising findings, it’s currently unsafe to say that video games make us smarter. Meanwhile, video games can offer both advantages and risks, so it’s important to be cautious and avoid making quick judgments.(尽管有一些有希望的发现，但目前说电子游戏让我们更聪明是不够的。同时，电子游戏既有优势也有风险，因此谨慎行事，避免快速判断非常重要)”可知，文章讨论了电子游戏是否能让我们变得更聪明。所以“电子游戏能让我们更聪明吗？”适合作本文的标题。故选C。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Exercise needs differ from person to person due to a number of reasons. ___16___ Genetic (基因的) variability Genes play a very big role in determining a person’s response to exercise. ___17___ Some people may naturally prefer endurance activities (耐力训练), while others may have a genetic make-up that favours strength exercises. Therefore, different genes determine different reactions. Age ___18___ Children and adolescents may have different needs for growth and development compared to adults or older people focusing on bone density (密度) and functional abilities. When you are at different ages, you have to choose different exercise. Personal goals ___19___ Most people have their own goals when exercising and the plan they follow needs to meet those goals. Personal preferences also come into play, as some people prefer exercising in a team or class, while others prefer solo workouts. In between exercise Activity levels between workouts will also influence a person’s exercise needs and how much they eat. If you’re in an active job, for example, you might not need as much exercise as someone who often sits. Recovery is also important, as this is where the majority of your gains are made. ___20___ Recognizing and accepting these differences is vital for tailoring effective and sustainable exercise programmes that meet a person’s needs. A. Not everyone wants to get faster or be stronger. B. There are various ways to meet people’s needs. C. So what are the factors that contribute to varying needs? D. Motivation and stress level also affect your recovery often. E. Exercise requirements change over the course of a person’s life. F. Everyone has different recovery times, even after doing the same workout. G. Gene influences factors such as muscle fiber composition and other capacities. 【答案】16. C 17. G 18. E 19. A 20. F 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍不同人因为基因，年龄等不同应该制定不同的运动方式。 【16题详解】 根据上文“Exercise needs differ from person to person due to a number of reasons.(由于一些原因，锻炼需求因人而异)”以及后文主要讲述的是为什么人与人之间要制定不同的运动计划，可知，本句引出后文关于需求不同的问题。故C选项“那么是什么因素导致了不同的需求？”符合语境，故选C。 【17题详解】 根据上文“Genes play a very big role in determining a person’s response to exercise.(基因在决定一个人对运动的反应方面起着非常重要的作用)”可知，本句承接上文，说明基因对于运动的影响。故G选项“基因影响肌纤维组成和其他能力等因素”符合语境，故选G。 【18题详解】 根据后文“Children and adolescents may have different needs for growth and development compared to adults or older people focusing on bone density (密度) and functional abilities. When you are at different ages, you have to choose different exercise.(与成年人或老年人相比，儿童和青少年可能对骨密度和功能能力有不同的生长和发育需求。当你在不同的年龄，你必须选择不同的运动)”可知，后文内容告诉我们随着年龄的增长，运动需求会发生改变。故E选项“在人的一生中，运动需求会发生变化”符合语境，故选E。 【19题详解】 根据后文“Most people have their own goals when exercising and the plan they follow needs to meet those goals. Personal preferences also come into play, as some people prefer exercising in a team or class, while others prefer solo workouts.(大多数人在锻炼时都有自己的目标，他们遵循的计划需要实现这些目标。个人喜好也会起作用，因为有些人喜欢团队或班级锻炼，而另一些人喜欢单独锻炼)”可知，后文主要论述了不同人群的不同锻炼目标。故A选项“不是每个人都想变得更快或更强”符合语境，故选A。 【20题详解】 根据上文“Recovery is also important, as this is where the majority of your gains are made.(恢复也很重要，因为这是你获得大部分收益的地方)”可知，本句为本段最后一句，故承接上文，继续就每个人的运动恢复进行说明。故F选项“每个人都有不同的恢复时间，即使在做了同样的锻炼之后”符合语境，故选F。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 My daughter’s dog, “Thunder”, has been in declining health for months now. He is eating less, sleeping more, and ___21___ not doing well. Sadly, it is a ___22___ I have seen too many times as my own dogs have gotten older. Thunder is 12 years old or 84 in people years. It has always seemed so ___23___ to me that our dogs live such short lives compared to ours. Seeing that Thunder’s time was coming to an end, my daughter tried to ___24___ a new puppy to ___25___ her weak dog. Unfortunately, things didn’t ___26___ as she hoped. Her dog didn’t enjoy having a high energy puppy around. So “Hank” the puppy ___27___ me. Thankfully, my sons took him as their own. Each day Hank runs and plays with them until everyone is ___28___ but him. ___29___ lovely Hank bark, chew, and play all day makes me wish that I also had the ___30___ of a puppy. In terms of ___31___ , I am much closer to old Thunder than Hank. My body tends to be ___32___ every day and I just can’t do all the things I used to. As I watch both Thunder and Hank, however, my heart fills with love for them. Dogs are such a ___33___ from Nature. They teach us so much about life. They play with abandon, not caring about what’s happening around — just live each day ___34___ . And they love unconditionally. If we all could just live with the ___35___ our dogs do, this world would be a better place. 21. A. barely B. generally C. naturally D. occasionally 22. A. view B. choice C. pattern D. surprise 23. A. unfair B. immoral C. significant D. realistic 24. A. pursue B. fetch C. adopt D. carry 25. A. accompany B. bother C. admire D. replace 26. A. fit B. continue C. stop D. work 27. A. broke away from B. came back to C. ended up with D. dropped in on 28. A. motivated B. exhausted C. relieved D. embarrassed 29. A. Watching B. Making C. Helping D. Feeling 30. A. confidence B. curiosity C. courage D. energy 31. A. age B. build C. attitude D. character 32. A. adjusting B. aching C. sweating D. relaxing 33. A. challenge B. gift C. concern D. discovery 34. A. gratefully B. faithfully C. joyfully D. wisely 35. A. hope B. goal C. interest D. love 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. C 25. A 26. D 27. C 28. B 29. A 30. D 31. A 32. B 33. B 34. C 35. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了女儿的老狗Thunder生命垂危，以及新来的小狗Hank给家庭带来的活力与感悟。 【21题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他吃得少了，睡得多了，总的说来身体不太好。A. barely仅仅；B. generally大体上；C. naturally自然地；D. occasionally偶尔。根据上文“My daughter’s dog, “Thunder”, has been in declining health for months now.”可知，作者的小狗Thunder的健康状况在下降，已经吃的很少，睡得多了，说明它大体上已经身体不太好了。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：可悲的是，随着我自己的狗变老，我已经见过太多次这种模式了。A. view观点；B. choice选择；C. pattern模式；D. surprise惊讶。根据空后“I have seen too many times as my own dogs have gotten older”可知，这里指的是作者多次见到狗狗变老的过程，即一种重复出现的模式。故选C。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，我们的狗相比我们寿命如此短暂似乎总是不公平的。A. unfair不公平的；B. immoral不道德的；C. significant重要的；D. realistic现实的。根据空后“that our dogs live such short lives compared to ours”可知，作者认为狗的寿命短与人类相比是不公平的。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到Thunder的日子所剩无几，我的女儿试图领养一只新的小狗来陪伴她虚弱的狗。A. pursue追求；B. fetch去取；C. adopt领养；D. carry携带。根据空后的“a new puppy”可知，女儿想要领养一只新的小狗来陪伴Thunder。故选C。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到Thunder的日子所剩无几，我的女儿试图领养一只新的小狗来陪伴她虚弱的狗。A. accompany陪伴；B. bother打扰；C. admire羡慕；D. replace替代。根据下文“Her dog didn’t enjoy having a high energy puppy around.”可知，新领养的小狗是为了陪伴Thunder，但是Thunder似乎不喜欢身边有一个精力充沛的小狗。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，事情并没有像她希望的那样的起作用。A. fit适合；B. continue继续；C. stop停止；D. work起作用。根据上文“Unfortunately”以及下文“Her dog didn’t enjoy having a high energy puppy around.”可知，不幸的是，女儿的计划没有实现预期的效果，Thunder似乎不喜欢身边有一个精力充沛的小狗。故选D。 【27题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：因此，小狗“Hank”最终归我了。A. broke away from脱离；B. came back to回到；C. ended up with以……告终；D. dropped in on拜访。根据上文“Her dog didn’t enjoy having a high energy puppy around.”可知，Thunder似乎不喜欢身边有一个精力充沛的小狗，所以Hank最后是到了作者那里。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每天Hank都和他们一起跑着玩着直到所有人都精疲力尽，除了他自己。A. motivated有动机的；B. exhausted筋疲力尽的；C. relieved如释重负的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。根据下文“Each day Hank runs and plays”可知，Hank和孩子们一起玩耍直到大家都筋疲力尽。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查动名词词义辨析。句意：看着可爱的Hank整天叫着、咬着、玩着，我真希望自己也能有小狗那样的精力。A. Watching观看；B. Making制造；C. Helping帮助；D. Feeling感觉。根据空后“lovely Hank bark, chew, and play all day”可知，作者每天看着Hank精力充沛的玩耍，他也希望自己能够像小狗那样充满活力。故选A。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：看着可爱Hank整天叫着、咬着、玩着，我真希望自己也能有小狗那样的精力。A. confidence自信；B. curiosity好奇心；C. courage勇气；D. energy精力。根据上文“Each day Hank runs and plays with them until everyone is ___8___ but him.”可知，每天看着Hank精力充沛的玩耍，他也希望自己能有小狗那样的精力。故选D。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：就年龄而言，我更接近于老Thunder而非Hank。A. age年龄；B. build体格；C. attitude态度；D. character性格。根据上文“Thunder is 12 years old or 84 in people years.”可知，作者在与Thunder和Hank的对比中，提到了年龄这一因素。故选A。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的身体每天都在疼痛，我不能做我以前做的所有事情。A. adjusting调整；B. aching酸痛；C. sweating出汗；D. relaxing放松。根据下文“I just can’t do all the things I used to.”可知，作者岁数大了，所以身体状况不好，这里指的是他的身体每天都在疼痛。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：狗是大自然赐予的一份礼物。A. challenge挑战；B. gift礼物；C. concern关心；D. discovery发现。根据下文“They teach us so much about life.”可知，小狗们教会了作者关于生活的很多东西，所以作者认为小狗是自然赐予的礼物。故选B。 【34题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：它们无忧无虑地玩耍，不在乎周围发生了什么——只是快乐地过好每一天。A. gratefully感激地；B. faithfully忠诚地；C. joyfully快乐地；D. wisely明智地。根据上文“___9___ lovely Hank bark, chew, and play all day”可知，狗尽情地玩耍，快乐地度过每一天。故选C。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我们都能像我们的狗那样充满爱地生活，这个世界将会变得更美好。A. hope希望；B. goal目标；C. interest兴趣；D. love爱。根据上文“They teach us so much about life. They play with abandon, not caring about what’s happening around — just live each day ___14___.”可知，作者认为如果我们能像小狗那样无条件地去热爱生活，世界会变得更美好。故选D。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On the playground of a town school in Tanghe county in Central China’s Henan province, a bus full of science kits stops by. It quickly draws a crowd of pupils eager to explore ___36___ is inside. Soon, several robots are carefully unloaded ___37___ the bus and begin dancing with consistent human-like moves. The children watch cheerfully, bursting into laughter as the robots ___38___ (gentle) extend their hands to invite them to join the dance. The bus was not a performance group of any kind ___39___ a mobile science class jointly organized by the Ministry of Education, the China Science and Technology Museum and a social media platform, ___40___ (aim) to sow seeds of passion for science among children in the ___41___ (country) vast rural areas. Lyu Guofan, chairman of the Henan Association for Science and Technology, says that rural areas are mostly faced with a ___42___ (short) of teachers and equipment ___43___ (qualify) for scientific education. Since February, scientists, science educators and science museum staff ___44___ (walk) into 18 town schools in the Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region and Henan and Gansu provinces. In May last year, the education ministry and other departments released a document ____45____ (strengthen) scientific education in primary and secondary schools, promising to ensure that a more sound system will be in place in three to five years. 【答案】36. what 37. from 38. gently 39. but 40. aiming 41. country’s 42. shortage 43. qualified 44. have walked##have been walking 45. to strengthen 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了中国政府落实“科教兴国”战略过程中一个具体的案例。 【36题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：它很快吸引了一群渴望探索里面的学生。引导宾语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，用what。故填what。 37题详解】 考查介词。句意：很快，几个机器人被小心翼翼地从车上卸下来，开始以一致的人类动作跳舞。短语unload from表示“从……卸下”。故填from。 【38题详解】 考查副词。句意：孩子们高兴地看着，当机器人轻轻地伸出手邀请他们加入舞蹈时，孩子们笑了起来。修饰动词extend应用副词gently。故填gently。 【39题详解】 考查固定句型。句意：这辆巴士不是任何形式的表演团体，而是由教育部、中国科技馆和一个社交媒体平台联合组织的移动科学班，旨在向广大农村地区的孩子们播下科学热情的种子。句型not…but…表示“不是……而是……”。故填but。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这辆巴士不是任何形式的表演团体，而是由教育部、中国科技馆和一个社交媒体平台联合组织的移动科学班，旨在向广大农村地区的孩子们播下科学热情的种子。此处aim与bus构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填aiming。 【41题详解】 考查所有格。句意：这辆巴士不是任何形式的表演团体，而是由教育部、中国科技馆和一个社交媒体平台联合组织的移动科学班，旨在向广大农村地区的孩子们播下科学热情的种子。此处country与areas构成所属关系，应用名词所有格形式。故填country’s。 【42题详解】 考查名词。句意：河南省科学技术协会主席吕国藩表示，农村地区主要面临着科学教育教师和设备短缺的问题。短语a shortage of表示“短缺”。故填shortage。 【43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：河南省科学技术协会主席吕国藩表示，农村地区主要面临着科学教育教师和设备短缺的问题。此处qualify与equipment构成被动关系，用过去分词作定语。故填qualified。 【44题详解】 考查时态。句意：自今年2月以来，科学家、科学教育工作者和科技馆工作人员已经走进了广西壮族自治区、河南和甘肃的18所乡镇学校。根据上文Since February可知，表示过去的动作对现在的影响应用现在完成时；或表示发生在过去的动作不间断进行到现在，用现在完成进行时，主语为science educators and science museum staff，助动词用have。故填have walked/have been walking。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：去年5月，教育部和其他部门发布了一份加强中小学科学教育的文件，承诺在三到五年内确保一个更完善的系统到位。此处strengthen在句中作目的状语，应用不定式。故填to strengthen。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假设你是晨光中学的学生李津，通过交换生项目在英国某中学就读，校方为加强中英文化交流，将举办“中国工坊” 活动。该活动主题涉及中华美食、中国传统手工艺、中国书法和绘画，拟招募学生现场教授相关技能。请按照以下提示，写一封申请信： (1)申请参加本次活动； (2)阐述你对本次文化交流活动意义的理解； (3)结合个人兴趣和特长，说明拟教授何种技能，并阐述原因。 参考词汇：中国工坊 Chinese Workshop 中华美食 Chinese cuisine 手工艺 handicraft 书法 calligraphy 注意： (1)词数不少于100； (2)可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯； (3)开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Sir/Madam, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Sincerely yours, Li Jin 【答案】Dear Sir/Madam, I am Li Jin, an exchange student from China. Knowing that Chinese Workshop will be held in the school, I am writing to apply for taking part in the activity. The theme of the activity involves Chinese food, traditional Chinese handicrafts, Chinese calligraphy and painting. So I think this activity is very significant, which is conducive to spreading excellent traditional Chinese culture and promoting cultural exchanges between China and Britain. As a Chinese, I have a passion for making Chinese cuisine, for example dumplings. Not only can I teach participants how to make dumplings, but also let them fall in love with Chinese cuisine. I would appreciate it if you would enroll me in the event. Looking forward to your reply. Sincerely yours, Li Jin 【解析】 【导语】本文是应用文。假设你是晨光中学的学生李津，通过交换生项目在英国某中学就读，校方为加强中英文化交流，将举办“中国工坊” 活动。请按照以下提示，写一封申请信：(1)申请参加本次活动；(2)阐述你对本次文化交流活动意义的理解；(3)结合个人兴趣和特长，说明拟教授何种技能，并阐述原因。 【详解】1.词汇积累 举办：hold→host 参加：take part in→participate in 有助于：be conducive to→contribute to 促进、推动：promote→facilitate 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句： I would appreciate it if you would enroll me in the event. 拓展句：I would be very appreciative if you would enroll me in the event. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Knowing that Chinese Workshop will be held in the school, I am writing to apply for taking part in the activity.(运用了that引导的宾语从句以及现在分词Knowing作原因状语) 【高分句型2】 So I think this activity is very significant, which is conducive to spreading excellent traditional Chinese culture and promoting cultural exchanges between China and Britain. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) 【高分句型3】Not only can I teach participants how to make dumplings, but also let them fall in love with Chinese cuisine.(not only...but also连接句子时，not only位于句首引起的部分倒装) 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Last summer, Hilda worked as a volunteer with dolphin trainers at a sea life park. Her job was to make sure the tanks were free of any items so that the trainers could train the dolphins to fetch specific items. However, one day after cleaning, one of the dolphins, Maya, presented Hilda with a candy wrapper from the tank. When Katherine, the trainer, saw this, she blamed Hilda for her carelessness. Upset but not discouraged by this event, Hilda decided to do some spying on Maya. The next morning, Hilda arrived at the park early. She put on her scuba gear (水下呼吸器) and jumped into the tank for her usual, underwater sweep. Finding nothing in the tank, she climbed out of the water just in time to see Katherine jumping in on the other side. After what happened yesterday, Hilda knew what she was doing. She watched as Katherine performed her underwater search, but Hilda wasn’t surprised when she surfaced empty-handed. During the tank sweeps, Maya had been swimming playfully, but now the dolphin stopped suddenly and swam to the back part of the tank where the filter (过滤) box was located. She stuck her nose down behind the box and then swam away. What was Maya doing back there? Hilda wondered. She jumped back into the water and swam over to take a look behind the box, and her question was answered. Hilda then swam across the tank following Maya’s path and emerged from the water to find Katherine removing her scuba gear. As Katherine turned around, her mouth dropped open. There was Maya at the edge of the tank with a comb (梳子) in her mouth waiting for her treat. “Maya! Where did you get that?” demanded Katherine, taking the comb and throwing her a fish. “I know where she got it,” declared Hilda climbing out of the tank with a handful of items still wet from their watery, resting place. “What’s all this?” Katherine asked, obviously confused. 注意： (1)续写词数应为150个左右; (2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 “This is Maya’s secret,” Hilda said with a big smile. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Now Katherine realized what had been going on __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 “This is Maya’s secret,” Hilda said with a big smile.The truth of the matter, Hilda continued, is that Maya has been secretly collecting items from the tank, hiding them near the filter in the back of the tank. When you train her, she will give you some items so that she can get treats from you. “Really? How do you know that?” Catherine asked in surprise. Hilda laughed and replied, “It took me a long time to discover this secret, too. It’s not easy to follow Maya.” Now Katherine realized what had been going on. Catherine thought to herself, this is really a clever dolphin. And she said to Hilda, “Well, Maya loves treats, so we’ll work together, and you’ll secretly help her collect a few things and put them in the filter at the back of the tank. I’ll give her treats, the number of which I can increase.” Hilda replied, “Good idea, let’s do it.” From then on, the Sea Life Park is full of warmth and harmony. Maya’s performance in front of the audience is getting better and better. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了希尔达在一家海洋生物公园与海豚训练员凯瑟琳一起做志愿者，以及她们和海豚玛雅之间的故事。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“‘这是玛雅的秘密，’希尔达笑着说。”可知，第一段可描写玛雅的秘密是什么。 ②由第二段首句内容“现在凯瑟琳意识到发生了什么事。”可知，第二段可描写凯瑟琳的对这件事的反应以及事情的结果。 2.续写线索：训练海豚——发现秘密——分析秘密——互相协商——共同配合——良好结果 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①秘密地：secretly/in private ②收集：collect/gather ③隐藏：hid/conceal 情绪类 ①惊讶地：in surprise/in amazement ②笑：laugh/smile 【点睛】【高分句型1】The truth of the matter, Hilda continued, is that Maya has been secretly collecting items from the tank, hiding them near the filter in the back of the tank. (运用了that引导的表语从句和现在分词作状语)  【高分句型2】I’ll give her treats, the number of which I can increase. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) 听力1—5 AACBC 6—10 CBBAB 11—15 ACBAC 16—20 AABCB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $