内容正文:
专 题 02
动词和动词短语
一轮复习讲练测
英
语
1
01
考情透视·目标导航
02
知识导图·思维引航
03
考点突破·考法探究
04
分层训练·巩固提升
目录
CONTENTS
2
考点 课标要求 考查频次 命题预测
系动词 能够识别并正确使用be动词、五变、
五感官等词的运用 10年10考 听力:侧重动词及情态动词的语音语调、词义辨析、时态和句式的灵活运用
阅读理解:侧重动词词义、熟词生义以及动词在长难句中的灵活运用
完形填空:侧重考查词义辨析和熟词生义语法填空:考查谓语和非谓语辨析为主
书面表达:考查对动词词形用法的熟练掌握。
实义动词 掌握行为动词的意义,行为动词辨析 10年10考
情态动词 掌握常考情态动词可用来表示否定、
疑问、时态、语态、语气等 近10年连续考查
助动词 掌握助动词和别的动词连用,帮助构
成各种时态、语态、否定句和疑问句
等结构,有人称、数和时态的变化 近10年连续考查
动词短语 掌握常考动词短语及动词短语辨析 10年10考
考情透视·目标导航
分析近年中考试卷可知,中考对动词和动词短语的考查一直是中考试题的重点和难点。其广泛分布在试卷的所有题型中,不同题型各有侧重点。
3
02
知识导图·思维引航
动 词
2类表似乎
1类be动词
is am are was were been being
3类表证实
系动词
情态动词
4类表保持
对现在
对过去
must+动词原形
can’t+动词原形
may/might+动词原形
do类
be类
have类
will类
情态动词类
延续性动词
短暂性动词
实义动词
5类表变化
6类表感官
seem appear
turn out, prove
keep stay remain
become get turn grow run
look sound smell taste feel
及物动词
不及物动词
情态动词表推测
情态动词表虚拟
must have done
couldn't have done
can/could have done
may/might have done
could have done
might done
would have done
need have done
should/might have done
助动词
一be 两似乎
两证实 三保持
四变化 五感官
用法
用于构成
时态语态
4
考点突破·考法探究
考点1:动词
1类be动词
实义动词
系动词
2个表似乎
3个表保持
4个表变化
情态动词
助动词
2个表实证
5个表感官
延续性动词 短暂性动词
及物动词不及物动词
can, could, may, might , must等
do, does, did, have, had等
在备考中考英语的过程中,掌握动词的各种形式和用法,理解和运用动词短语是关键,以下是常见动词的种类。
5
系动词
含义
系动词又叫连系动词,像一根纽带,起到
联系主语和表语的作用。
1类be动词:be(am, is, are, was, were, been, being)
2类表似乎:seem 似乎,看起来 appear 似乎,看起来
3类表实证:prove 证实 turn out 证实
4类表保持:keep 保持 stay 保持 remain 保持不变 stand 处于
5类表变化:become 变得 go 变得 run 变得 grow 逐渐变得 turn 变得 get变得
6类表感官:feel 摸起来 look 看起来 smell 闻起来 sound 听起来 taste 尝起来
主
语
表
语
系动词
6
He always kept silent at meetings.
他开会时总是保持沉默。
Everyone seemed to be very happy.
每个人似乎都很高兴。
This kind of cloth feels soft.
这种布料手感柔软。
Your words don't sound right.
你的话听起来不对。
4类表保持
2类表似乎
6类表感官
6类表感官
有些单词一词多义,在作系动词时,要跟形容词作表语;但同一词形如果作实义动词用,意思变化,且用副词修饰。
Tip 1
The country is getting richer and richer.
这个国家日益富有。
The leaves have turned yellow.
树叶变黄了。
You are not to enter the room without permission.
未经允许你不能进入房间。
it turns out to be true.
事实证明是真的。
5类表变化
5类表似乎
1类be动词
3类表实证
系动词有时态的变化,不能用于被动语态
tip2
实义动词
含义
实义动词又称行为动词,表示动作或状态,有完整意义,能在句中独立作谓语的动词。
give给 ask要求 answer回答 love爱 study学习 buy买 eat吃
drink喝 open打开 care关心 look for寻找 feel感觉 wish希望
walk漫步 smile微笑 read读书 bring带来 deny否认 enjoy享受
examine考试 get得到 appear出现 come来 go去 fall下降
keep保持 look看见 make让 play玩
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实义动词根据在句中是否需要跟宾语,分为及物动词和不及物动词,其后可接成分如下
单宾语
动词 只可接一个宾语的动词
accept(接受) forget(忘记) catch(抓) like(喜欢) receive(接受) show(展示)
discover(发现) borrow(借入) invent(发明) find(寻找) see(看见) make(做)
enjoy(享受) buy(买) found(建造) forget(忘记) say(说) tell(告诉)
双宾语
动词 后接间接宾语(指人)和直接宾语(指物)的动词
ask(问,寻问) bring(带来) buy(买) cost(花费) fetch(拿) give(给)
hand(给,传) lend(借给) pass(传递) pay(付钱) return(交还) sell(卖)
teach(教) tell(告诉) show(展示) write(写) take (拿,带着) send(发送)
接复合宾语的动词 后接宾语和宾补的动词
let(让) see(看见) watch(看到) hear(听到) help(帮助) feel(感到)
keep(保持) call(打电话) make(使、让) find(发现) tell(告诉) ask(让)
think(认为) want(想要) notice(注意到) have(使、让) observe(观察)
I’m sorry that I forgot your address. 对不起,我忘了你的地址。
I accept your apology. 我接受你的道歉。
She caught the ball with one hand. 她用一只手接住了球。
I am going to return him the books. 我要把书还给他。
Could you please bring me a glass of water? 你能给我拿一杯水吗?
She teaches her children good manners. 她教她的孩子礼貌。
They kept him waiting. 他们让他在门口等。
The teacher made us read the text. 老师让我们读课文。
She noticed her son wash the dishes. 她注意到儿子在洗碗。
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实义动词根据在句中是否需要跟宾语,分为及物动词和不及物动词,其后可接成分如下
接动名词
作宾语的
动词 动词+doing
advise(建议) consider(考虑) finish(完成) imagine(想象) practise(练习) suggest(建议)
admit(承认) avoid (避免) enjoy (享受) delay (延迟) like (不喜欢) dislike(喜欢)
risk(冒风险) escape(逃脱) mind(介意) require(要求) appreciate(欣赏) permit(容许)
接不定式
作宾语的
动词 动词+to do
agree(同意) decide(决定) hope(希望) refuse(拒绝) manage(设法) want(想要)
wish(希望) plan(计划) Intend(打算) mean(打算) try(试图) learn(学习)
help(帮助) agree(同意) disagree(不同意) determine(决定) would like(想要)
常见
不及物动词 不及物动词
agree (同意) arrive (到达) come (来) die (死) exist (存在) fall (掉下)
spread (传开) happen (发生) lie (平躺) stay (待) walk (走) rise (升起)
remain (剩下) go (去) laugh (大笑) lie (位于,在于) snow (下雪) live( 居住)
She practises playing the piano every day. 她每天都练习弹钢琴。
You‘d better avoid reading in the subway. 你最好避免在地铁上阅读。
I am considering going or not. 我正在考虑要不要去。
He refused to accept the gift. 他拒绝接受礼物。
They decide to have a trip. 他们决定去旅游。
We plan to have a picnic this weekend. 我们计划周末去野餐。
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情态动词
含义
情态动词本身有一定的意义,但不能独立作谓语,只能和动词原形一起构成谓语,表说话人的态度或情感。
can/could may/might must
need ought to dare (dared)
shall/should will/would used to
ought to have (had, has) to
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1
2
3
表示
可能性
表示
能力
表示
请求允许
1.中考出题点:can/could 的用法
can, could表示推测时与其它情态动词的用法区别
can与be able to的用法区别
can 表示能力或请求允许的用法
He can be ill at any time.
他随时都可能会生病。
That can/could be very awkward.
那可就太尴尬了。
You could be right, but I don’t think you are.
你可能是对的,但我不认为你对。
表示
可能性
Can you swim across the river?
你能游过那条河吗?
Can you ride a horse?
你会骑马吗?
She couldn’t dance when he was young.
她年轻时可不能跳舞。
表示
能力
Could you lend me $55?
你能借给我55美元吗?
Could you please pass the salt?
可以麻烦你递一下盐吗?
Could I have a look at your phone?
我可以看一下你的手机吗?
表示
请求
容许
Can you try those shoes on please?
我能试一下那些鞋子吗?
Yes, of course.
当然可以。
No, I cannot/I’m sorry I cannot.
不,不行/对不起,恐怕不行。
1
2
3
表示
许可
表示
可能性
表示
祝愿
may/ might 表示许可时的用法;
may/ might表示可能性时与 can, could, must等用法区别
2.中考出题点:may/might 的用法
May I have your name and e- mail address?
我可以知道你的名字及电子邮件地址吗?
— Sure.当然可以。
— May I have a cup of tea?
我能喝一杯茶吗?
— no problem. 没问题。
He asked if he might go home.
他问他是否可以回家。
It may snow the day after tomorrow.
后天可能下雪。
You may/might have some fever.
你也许发烧了。
He may be going to Beijing next month.
他下个月可能去北京。
Tom might phone.
汤姆或许打过电话了。
表
示
许
可
表
示
可
能
性
表示祝愿时常用“ May+主语+动词原形”式倒装结构。
May you have a good trip. 祝你旅途愉快。
May you live a long and healthy life! 愿你健康长寿!
May you have the best New Year ever! 愿你度过最美好的新年!
May they live long! 愿他们长寿!
表
示
祝
愿
1
2
3
表示
必须
表示
推测
偏要
偏偏
3.中考出题点:must的用法
must表示必须时与 have to 的用法区别
must表示推测时与 can, may, might 的区别
1. 表示义务、命令或劝告,是“必须”之意。否定回答,多用needn’t 或 don’t have to。mustn’t 表示“绝对不行、不可以”。
We must take this seriously.
我们必须严肃对待这事。
Must the ladies wear dresses?
女士们必须穿裙子吗?
No, they don’t have to/they needn’t. 不,她们不必须。
2. 表示推测,是“肯定、一定”之意。此时,must只用于肯定句。在否定句或疑问句中,用can/could。
There must be a mistake.
准是弄错了。
He must be an American.
他肯定是美国人。
Can/Could there be a mistake?
可能会有错吗?
表
示
必
须
表
示
推
测
3. 表示偏要、偏偏,在疑问句中must可以用来表示一个人较强烈的感情。
He must go to the store on a day when it’s raining heavily.
他偏偏在雨下得很大的时候去商店。
Why must it rain on Sunday?
为什么偏要在星期天下雨?
表
示
偏
偏
4.中考出题点:need的用法
1
2
用作情态动词
用作实义动词
need用作情态动词和实义动词的用法区别。
情态动词 实义动词
肯定句 原形,无人称和数的变化 有人称和数的变化
否定句 need+not do/does/did+not+need to
一般疑问句 Need+(not)+主语...? Do/Does/Did+(not)+主语+need to...?
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You needn’t try to explain.
你不需要解释。
Need we stay here this evening?
今晚我们需要在这儿住下来吗?
need 作情态动词
need作实义动词
She needs to come tomorrow.
明天她需要来。
Does he need to go so soon?
他需要这么快就走吗?
need作实义动词时,后面的宾语如果是动名词,用主动形式表示被动意义,如果是不定式的被动形式,来表示被动意义。
类似need的这种用法还有require, want等。
My shoes need repairing.
= My shoes need to be repaired.
我的鞋需要修理。
need作情态动词时多用于否定句和疑问句中,无人称和数的变化,后接动词原形。由need引起的一般疑问句,肯定回答常用must或have to,否定回答常needn't。
—Need I hand it in now? 我需要现在就交吗?
—Yes, you must.是的,需要现在交。
—No, you needn’t.不,不需要现在交。
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5.中考出题点:dare的用法
用作情态动词
I dare not go out alone. 我不敢单独出去。
Dare you ask him? 你敢问他吗?
How dare you ask me such a question? 你怎敢问我这样的问题?
Dare he swim across the river? 他敢游过这条河吗?
用作实义动词
He dares to swim across the river. 他敢游过这条河。
Do you dare(to) tell her the truth? 你敢告诉她真相吗?
He doesn’t dare (to) come to see you. 他不敢来见你。
She didn‘t dare to bike down the hill. 骑着自行车冲下山。
1
2
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6.中考出题点:should/ought to的用法
D.表示讲话人惊奇,失望,愤怒等感情。
B. 表示推测和可能性,是“应该”
之意。 表示对现在和将来的推测。
A. 表示道义上的责任,义务或要求,有时表示劝告。
ought to否定式为ought not to /oughtn’t to。
You ought to /should pay more attention to what your lawyer says.
你应该更多的注意你律师的。
You ought not to/shouldn’t be sleeping now. It’s eight o’clock.
你不该还在睡觉,已经八点了。
C.“should/ought to have+过去分词”表示对过去的推测,“应该已经”。
有时表“本应该”的意思;“should not/ought not to have+过去分词”表示“本不该” 。
You should not have asked him for help.
你本不应该向他求助。
It’s strange that he should have lost his temper.
真奇怪,他竟然发脾气。
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7.中考出题点:情态动词+have done的用法
A. “must have+过去分词”表对过去的推测,“一定已经,准是已经….”,用于肯定句。表示否定,要“can’t/couldn’t+ have+过去分词”,意思是“不可能”。
The streets are wet. It must have rained. 街道是湿的,准是下雨了。
The money can’t have been lost there. 钱不可能是在那儿丢的。
B. “may/might have+过去分词”表示对过去的推测,“也许已经┅,可能已经…”。用于肯定或否定句中。疑问句中用can或could. “might(不是may)have+过去分词”也表示“本来可以…”。
He may have gone to bed. 他可能已经上床睡觉了。
You might have succeeded if you had tried.
假如你尝试过,或许已经成功了。(虚拟语气)
“needn’t+have+过去分词”表示“作了不必做或不需要做的事”。可译成“本不必”。
I needn’t have borrowed the money yesterday.
昨天我根本不需要借钱的。(实际上已经借了)
D. can/could have done在疑问句、否定句中,表怀疑和
不可能,没有时间上的差别,只是could的语气更弱一些。
Who can/could have taken them? 谁会把它们拿走了呢?
He can’t/couldn’t have taken it home. 他不可能是带回家去了。
E. should/ought to have done 表“过去应该做谋事却没有做” “should not/ought not to have+过去分词”表“做了不应
该做的事”。含有责备或遗憾的意思。
She should/ought to have gone there alone.
她本该一个人去那里的。
The boy shouldn’t have been playing the piano.
那孩子不应该一直在弹钢琴。
F. might, may, must表示推测时的区别: may,might, must可表
推测“可能”.根据表示可能性的大小,我们把这三个词
排列为:might<may<must(或许→可能→肯定)。
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助动词
含义
助动词本身无词义,不能独立作谓语,只能和实义动词一起构成谓语用来表否定、疑问、时态、语态、语气等。
助动词do
形式 肯定式 否定式 缩略否定式
原形 do do not don’t
第三人称单数 does does not doesn’t
过去式 did did not didn’t
助动词have
形式 肯定式 否定式 缩略否定式
原形 have have not haven’t
第三人称单数 has has not hasn’t
过去式 had had not hadn’t
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1. have +过去分词,构成完成时态。
He has left for London.
他已去了伦敦。
2. have + been +现在分词,构成完成时。
I have been studying English for ten years.
我一直在学英语,已达十年之久。
3. have+been +过去分词,构成完成时态
的被动语态。
English has been taught in China for many years.
中国教英语已经多年。
助动词have的用法
1. 构成一般疑问句。
Did you study English?
你们学过英语吗?
2. do + not 构成否定句。
I do not want to be criticized.
我不想挨批评。
3. 构成否定祈使句。
Don't go there. 不要去那里。
4. 放在动词原形前,加强该动词的语气。
I do miss you. 我确实想你。我真想你了!
助动词do的用法
考点突破·考法探究
英语动词的各种形式是每年中考必考的知识点。英语中动词共有五种基本形式,即动词原形、第三人称单数(现在式)、过去式、过去分词和现在分词。
考点2:动词的基本形式
动词第三人称单数的构成
规则 发音规律 举例
一般情况下直接加-s 在清辅音后读[s] read → reads write→ writes
run → runs swim→ swims
look → looks work→ works
在元音或浊辅音后读[z]
以-ch, -sh, -s, -x或-o结尾的词加-es - es读作[ɪz] teach → teaches watch→watches
wash → washes pass→ passes
do → does go → goes
以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词变y为i再加-es,但“元音字母+y”则直接加-s - es读作[ɪz] try → tries carry → carries
study → studies stay → stays
play → plays say → says
She wants to be a teacher when she grows up.
她想长大后成为一名教师。
Danny goes to school on foot every day.
丹尼每天步行去上学。
Tom tries her best to learn math well.
汤姆尽最大努力去学好数学。
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动词的现在分词构成
规则 例词
一般情况在动词后直接加-ing read→reading;go→going
以ee、oe、ye结尾的动词,直接加-ing see →seeing;toe→toeing
以不发音字母e结尾的动词,先去掉e,再加-ing love→loving;write→writing
以重读闭音节结尾,词尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,先双写辅音字母,再加-ing cut→cutting;put→putting
少数以ie结尾的动词,先变ie 为y再加-ing die→dying;lie→lying
Listen! The birds are singing in the tree.
听!鸟儿正在树上唱歌。
We are hoping to go for a day in the country if the weather's fine tomorrow.
如果明天天气好,我们希望能去郊外玩一天。
The dying leaves became brown and curled up.
快要枯萎的叶子发黄而卷曲。
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例词 规律总结 读音规则
play—played—played
look—looked—looked 一般直接加-ed ①清辅音后读
/t/,如 helped, laughed
②浊辅音,元音后读/d/,如lived, stayed
③/t/和/d/后读
/Id/,如needed, started
move—moved
use—used—used 以不发音的e结尾的加-d
study—studied—studied
carry—carried—carried 以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加-ed
stop—stopped—stopped
fit—fitted—fitted
fix—fixed—fixed 以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母(x除外)结尾的重读闭音节双写结尾字母再加-ed
规则动词的过去式和过去分词构成
I talked to your manager about an urgent matter yesterday.
昨天我和你们经理谈了一件紧急的事情。
The wind has changed from north to east.
风由北风变成了东风。
I offered him my pen, but he preferred to use his own.
我主动把我的钢笔递给他,可是他宁愿用自己的。
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AAA型:动词的原形、过去式和过去分词形式相同,如cut—cut—cut
AAB型:动词的原形和过去式相同,过去分词不同,如beat—beat—beaten
ABA型:动词的原形和过去分词相同,过去式不同,如come—came—come
ABB型:动词的过去式和过去分词相同,如hang—hung—hung
ABC型:动词的原形、过去式和过去分词都不同,如eat—ate—eaten
不规则动词的过去式和过去分词构成类型
be动词的过去式是was和were,过去分词是been
I had eaten a moon cake before you came yesterday.
昨天你来之前,我已经吃了一个月饼。
Where were you last week?
你上周在哪里?
He hasn't read the newspaper yet.
他还没读报纸。
30
考点突破·考法探究
英语中有相当一部分动词常常要有一个介词或者副词依附其后,共同构成“动词+介词/副词”的结构。
动词短语
“动词+介词”短语
“动词+副词+介词”短语
“动词+副词”短语
“be+形容词+介词 ”短语
“动词+名词+介词”短语
“动词+介词”短语
考点3:动词短语
考点突破·考法探究
“动词+介词”短语
“动词+副词+介词”短语
“动词+副词”短语
“be+形容词+介词 ”短语
“动词+名词+介词”短语
“动词+名词”短语
account for 解释 adjust to调整 all for要求 add to增加 break into 破门而入 ask for索取 care about 关心,在乎 come across偶然遇到 go for努力获取 deal with处理 get over克服 hope for希望 get into养成(习惯) rely on依靠,依赖 pay for偿还 answer for负责 provide for供给 plan for打算划 send for派人去请 fall behind 落在...后面 laugh at嘲笑 feel like想要 refer to提到 stick to坚持
put on 穿上 pick out 挑选 break in 打断 put aside 放在一边 put away 收拾起来 give in 屈服
turn in 上交 ring up 打电话 run away 跑掉 put down 放下 go back 回去 throw away 扔掉
go about 四处走动 look around 环顾 turn off 关闭 break out 爆发 set up 建立 give up 放弃
find out 查出 look through 浏览 go on 继续
catch up with 赶上 get away from 摆脱 put up with 忍受 run out of 用完 keep up with 跟上 come up with 提出;想出 look forward to 期盼 go on with 继续 get along with 进展 do well in 在某方面做得好 go away with 带走 get down to 开始认真考虑 keep away from 不要靠近
catch hold of 抓住 pay attention to 注意 take part in 参加 make use of 利用 have faith in 对…有信心 catch sight of 突然看到 take the place of 替代 take notice of 注意到 take pride in 以…为骄傲 show interest in 对…感兴趣
be angry with 生…的气 be famous for 因…出名 be interested in 对…感兴趣 be good for 对…有好处
be afraid of 害怕 be amazed at 对…感到惊讶 be filled with 用…装满 be full of 装满
be pleased with 对…感到满意 be proud of 以…自豪
go boating 去划船 go fishing去钓鱼 go shopping 去购物
go skating去滑冰 have a try尝试 have a cold 感冒
go cycling骑车 have a seat坐下 make a decision 做出决定
中考常考动词短语28组
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中考高频动词短语28组
34
考点突破·考法探究
考点4:易错考点
中考英语动词考察的易错考点主要包括时态混淆;主动语态和被动语态误用;近义词用法混淆;动词短语、尤其是相近短语搭配混淆;选错对应的语境搭配;不定式、动名词和分词用法混乱。其中, 是最容易出错的地方。
近义词用法混淆
35
中考高频动词辨析(高频易混动词)
Group 1 take place 表示发生,只有计划,有安排的发生;不用于被动。
happen 表示发生,他是偶然性的发生。不用于被动。Sb. happen to do sth. 某人碰巧做某事。
Group 2 hope 希望,表达的愿望是有信心实现的;hope to do sth. 希望做某事,不用hope sb. to do sth.
wish 希望,表达的愿望难以实现或不可能实现。wish表示祝愿,可以用wish sb. to do sth.希望某人做某事,也可以用wish to do sth.希望做某事。Wish sb.+名词,表示祝愿某人……
Group 3 wear 通常指穿着衣服的状态。
put on 通常指穿衣的动作
dress “给..穿衣服”dress sb., get dressed“穿着”表状态。
in 后面可以接颜色或衣服,着重于服装的款式或颜色。in red 穿着红衣服。
Group 4
join 其后常接表示团体、组织类的名词,表示成为其中一员,join the Music Club加入音乐俱乐部, 也可接sb;join them 加入他们。
join in 加入,参加活动。join in sth/doing sth
take part in 指参加会议或群众性活动等,着重说明句子主语参加该项活动并在活动中发挥作用。
The meeting should take place next week. 会议应该在下周举行。
A storm happened in the city last night. 昨晚城市里发生了一场暴风雨。
I hope that everything will go smoothly tomorrow. 我希望明天一切顺利。
I wish you a happy new year. 我祝愿你新年快乐。
She wears a beautiful necklace. 她戴着一串美丽的项链。
He put on his hat and went out. 他戴上帽子出去了。
She always dresses in black. 她总是穿黑色的衣服。
Mary is in her red dress. 玛丽穿着红色的连衣裙。
She joined the Young Pioneers. 她加入了少先队。
Will you join us in a game of cards? 你愿意和我们一起玩牌吗?
Are you going to take part in the discussion? 你要参加讨论吗?
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中考高频动词辨析(高频易混动词)
Group 5 leave 表示“离开、遗忘”leave sth.+sp.,表示把某物忘在某地。
forget 忘记,后接sth/sb, 常用于forget to do sth.忘记去做某事;或者forget doing sth.忘记做过某事。
lose 丢失,失去,lose sth. 丢失某物。lost是lose的过去式或过去分词. loss 是它的名词形式。
Group 6 hear 听见,听到。其后直接跟宾语,强调的是听的结果。
listen “听”强调的是听的动作,不及物动词。接宾语时,常与to连用。
Group 7 cause cause 指直接导致事情发生的原因,与所发生的事有因果关系,常用the cause of搭配。
reason reason 强调从逻辑推理上得出的结论性原因,不是直接说明起因,常用the reason for搭配。
Group 8 receive 指客观上的收到。
accept 指主观上的接受。
Group 9
advise 意为建议,常用搭配是advise sb. to do建议某人做某事, 名词形式:advice (不可数)。
suggest 意为“建议” 常用搭配是suggest doing/n., suggest (that) sb. (should) do, suggest sth. to sb.
I left my book at home. 我把书落在家里了。
I forgot to bring my wallet! 我忘了带钱包!
I always lose my keys. 我总是丢钥匙。
I can't hear you in such a noisy place. 在这么吵的地方,我听不见你。
Listen! There is a girl singing outside. 听,外面有个女孩在唱歌。
Carelessness is the cause of his failure.粗心是失败的原因。
The reason for his absence was illness. 他缺席的原因是病假
I received a notification on my phone. 我收到了手机上的通知。
He accepted the apology from his friend. 他接受了朋友的道歉。
He advised having a meeting to discuss the problem. 他建议开会讨论问题。
I suggest going out for a walk this evening. 我建议今晚出去散步。
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中考高频动词辨析(高频易混动词)
Group 10 borrow “借来”,borrow sth. from sb. 向某人借某物,瞬间动词,不和表示一段时间的时间状语连用。
lend “借出”, lend sth. to sb.把某物借给某人, 瞬间动词,不能和表示一段时间的时间状语连用
keep 意为“保管”,是延续性动词,能与for…,since… how long等表示一段时间的时间状语连用
Group 11 developed 发达的;形容词。developed countries 意为“发达国家
developing 发展中的 , 形容词. developing countries 意为“发展中国家”
development 发展,名词。
develop 发展, 动词。
Group 12 dead 形容词,死了的;
dying 即将死去的;垂死的
die 动词,死;过去式,过去分词died
death 名词,死亡
I borrowed a book from the library. 我从图书馆借了一本书。
He lent me his car. 他借他的车给我。
Can I keep the book for a few days? 我可以借这本书几天吗?
America is a developed countries. 美国是发达国家。
China is a developing country. 中国是一个发展中国家。
The city's development plan is to build a new highway.
该城市的发展计划是修建一条新公路。
The company develops new software. 这个公司开发新软件。
There is a dead body in the room.房间里有一具尸体。
I‘m afraid he is dying. 我恐怕他要死了。
He died last night. 他昨晚去世了。
His death was a great loss. 他的去世是一个巨大的损失。
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中考高频动词辨析(高频易混动词)
Group 13 talk 谈话,是不及物动词,常用talk to /with sb. (跟某人谈话),talk about sth 谈论某事
speak “说”、“讲”、“演讲”。 speak at our class meeting.在班会上发言; 做及物动词时,宾语常是表示语言的词。speak Chinese说汉语
tell 告诉;用于 “tell sb. sth.”或 “tell sb. about sth.” 的句型中。此外tell后面可加一些固定的名词,如 tell a lie(说慌), tell the truth (说实话), tell a story(讲故事)。
say 作为及物动词时,后跟宾语,侧重于说的内容:也可以用作不及物动词,常用say to sb
Group 14 spend 主语必须是人, sb spend time /money on sth. 在……上花费时间(金钱)。sb spend time / money (in) doing sth. 花费时间(金钱)做某事。
cost 的主语是物或某种活动,sth. costs (sb.) +金钱, 某物花了(某人)多少钱. 注意:cost的过去式及过去分词都是cost,并且不能用于被动句。
take 主语为物或it,It takes sb. +时间+to do sth. 做某事花了某人多少时间。doing sth. takes sb.+时间,做某事花了某人多少时间
pay 主语为人 sb pay money for sth. 付钱买……
I have much to talk over with him .我有许多事要与他谈。
could you speak a little up?你可以大点声说话吗?
I can not tell you how sorry I am. 我说不出我有多么抱歉
Be polite and say “Thank you”. 要有礼貌,说一声‘谢谢您’。
Tom spends two days(in)finishing the work.
汤姆花了两天时间完成这项工作。
The watch cost me 300 yuan. 这个手表花了我300元。
It took me 15 minutes to get to school. 我花了15分钟到达学校。
I paid 100 yuan for a skirt. 我花100元买了一条裙子。
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中考高频动词辨析(高频易混动词)
Group 15 take 拿去,带去,带离说话处。 take sth with sb指随身带上某物。
bring 拿来,带来 指从别处把某人或某物带到或拿到说话者所在的地点来。
fetch 去取来,接来。
Group 16 beat 打败,后接人或团体;beat 还有敲打,心脏跳动的意思。
win 赢得,后接比赛、奖品(game, match, competition, war, prize, medal)。
May I take this magazine home? 我可以把这本杂志带回家吗?
Remember to bring your book tomorrow. 记住明天把你的书带来。
Shall I fetch your coat from the next room?要不要我从隔壁房间把你的大衣拿来?
We beat them in the basketball game. 我们在篮球比赛中打败了他们。
Mary won first prize in the writing competition. 玛丽在写作比赛中获得了一等奖。
答题技巧:
分析语境:仔细读句子,理解整体语境,判断动作发生的场景、时态等,依此来选合适动词。
辨析词义:精准掌握动词本身的含义,区分近义词细微差别。
代入检验:把选项代入句子中,看语句是否通顺、表意是否合理准确,从而确定正确答案。
分层训练·巩固提升
一、基础巩固
1.The couple who ________ presented with the award Model Couple will give a speech on their life.
A.is B.are C.have D.has
2.You should take this medicine according to the instructions, even if it ________ bad.
A.sounds B.tastes C.feels
3.My sister likes the silk dress very much. It ________ very soft.
A.sounds B.feels C.Tastes
4.These CDs ________ well, and they will ________ soon.
A.sell; sold out B.sell out; be sold C.sell; be sold out D.sold out; be sold
5.The price of vegetables ________ so quickly these days.
A.rushes B.adds C.rises D.raises
6.A few days ago, a director performed a break dance for students to ________ some of their pressures.
A.remind B.refuse C.require D.reduce
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分层训练·巩固提升
1.—Is Tom on a vacation in Jinghong?
—No, he ______ be there. I saw him in Kunming a few minutes ago.
A.must B.may C.mustn’t D.can’t
2.—_________ I borrow your dictionary? I left mine at home.
—Sorry, I’m afraid you _________ because I’m using it.
A.Could; can B.Could; can’t C.Must; can D.Must; can’t
3.—It’s our duty to protect the wild animals in our country, right?
—Of course! If we don’t protect them, they die out one day.
A.can B.may C.need D.should
4.—Whose pencil case is this?
—It ________ be Helen’s. It seems she has one like this, but I can’t remember clearly.
A.might B.should C.must
5.—May I take this magazine out of the reading room? No, you ________. It’s against the rule.
A.needn’t B.mustn’t C.won’t D.shouldn’t
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分层训练·巩固提升
二、能力提升
用所给动词的适当形式填空。
1.People _____________(have) robots in their homes in the future.
2.There _____________ (be) a football game between Italy and Germany tomorrow morning.
3.John asked if I_____________ (can) look after his pet dog when he was away.
4.I asked him whether it _____________ (snow) in winter in Australia.
5.I think she_____________ (come) back soon.
6.Our father said that he _____________ (buy) a new computer next month.
7.Have you considered how _____________ (get) to the right place?
8.My sister hardly _____________ (eat) vegetables.
9._____________ (Do) Alice and Mike often go to the movies?
10.Last year, she never _____________ (visit) her friends.
will have
will be
could
snowed
will come
would buy
to get
eats
Do
visited
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11.I have a good habit. I always_____________ (go) to bed early.
12.Sometimes, we _____________ (don’t) use the Internet last month.
13.You can become better at English by _____________ (read) English books or newspapers.
14.I usually study for a math test by _____________ (do) math exercises.
15.You can learn new words by _____________ (make) word cards.
16.We save electricity by _____________ (turn) off the lights when we leave a room.
17.I usually learn English by _____________ (memorize) sentence patterns and reading books and newspapers.
18.If Mary ________ (come) to the party with Lily, I believe we will have a good time this evening.
19.They _____________________________ (not have) the sports meeting if it rains tomorrow.
20.You ____________________________ (not make) any friends if you always laugh at others.
21.He will take a trip to Beijing if he _____________ (be not) busy next week.
分层训练·巩固提升
go
didn’t
reading
doing
making
turning
memorizing
comes
won’t have/will not have
won’t make/will not make
isn’t/is not
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Life comes in a package (包裹). This package includes love, ___________(happy) and sadness, failure and success, hope and despair (绝望). Life is a learning course. Experiences in life teach us new lessons and make us a good person. With each passing day we learn _______(deal) with different situations.
Love plays a main role in our life. Love makes you __________ (feel) wanted. Without love, a person could become cruel. In the early stage of our life, our parents are the _______(one) who show us with love and care. They teach us about what is right and wrong, good and bad. But we don’t always care about it. It is only after marriage and _______ (have) kids that we can understand our parents’ feelings.
分层训练·巩固提升
happiness
to deal
feel
ones
having
爱让你感到被需要。make是使役动词,后跟动词原形,feel的动词原形为feel。故填feel。
随着时间的推移,我们学会了应对不同的情况。根据“learn”可知,这里是:learn to do sth.学习做某事,需用deal的动词不定式to deal。故填to deal。
只有在结婚生子之后,我们才能理解父母的感受。空前面的after是接触,这里用 have的动名词having。故填having。
这个包裹包括爱、快乐和悲伤、失败和成功、希望和绝望。根据“and sadness, failure and success, hope and despair (绝望).”可知,这里应该用名词,happy的名词为 happiness。故填happiness。
在我们生命的早期阶段,我们的父母是向我们展示爱和关怀的人。根据“who show us with love and care.”可知,这里是定语从句,先行词应该是复数,one的复数为ones。故填ones。
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Happiness can bring people a __________(peace) mind. No mind is happy without peace. Sadness is the cause by the death of a loved one
or the failure. But all of these things will pass away. Failure is the path
to _________(succeed). It helps us to touch the sky teaches us to live
and shows us a specific way. Success brings us money, ______ (proud)
and self-respect.
Hope is what keeps life going. Parents always hope their children to do well. Hope makes us dream. Hope builds in patience.
Life ______(teach) us not to despair even in the darkest hour, because after every night there is a new day. Life teaches us not to regret over yesterday, for it has passed and is out of our control. Tomorrow is unknown, for it could either be bright or dark. So the only __________
(choose) is to work hard today, so that we will enjoy a better tomorrow.
分层训练·巩固提升
Peaceful
success
pride
teaches
choice
成功带给我们金钱、骄傲和自尊。根据“and self-respect.”可知,这里应该用名词, proud的名词为pride。故填pride。
失败是通往成功的道路。the path to是介词短语,这里用名词,succeed 的名词为success。故填success。
所以唯一的选择就是今天努力工作,这样我们才能享受更美好的明天。分析句子结构可知,此处缺少主语,应该用名词,choose的名词为choice。故填choice。
幸福能给人带来平和的心态。空后的mind是名词,这里用形容词修饰,peace的形容词为peaceful。故填peaceful。
生活教会我们即使在最黑暗的时刻也不要绝望,因为每一个夜晚之后都有新的一天。根据从句可知,这里是一般现在时,主语为单数,因此谓语用三单形式,teach的三单为teaches。故填teaches。
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THE END
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