语法要点（讲义）-2023-2024学年人教PEP版英语六年级下册

六年级英语语法要点巩固练习 一、一般现在时 概念：表示经常发生的动作或存在的状态。 结构： · 主语是第一人称（I、we）、第二人称（you）、第三人称复数（they、students等）时，谓语动词用原形。例如：I play football every day. · 主语是第三人称单数（he、she、it、单个的人或物）时，谓语动词要加 -s或 -es。如：She goes to school by bike. 标志词：often（经常）、usually（通常）、sometimes（有时）、every day（每天）等。 · 习题演练 1. My father often ______ (read) newspapers after dinner. 2. They ______ (go) to school by bus every day. 3. The dog ______ (like) to play with balls. 4. She usually ______ (do) her homework in the evening. 5. We ______ (have) English classes on Mondays. 6. The earth ______ (move) around the sun. 7. He ______ (watch) TV on weekends. 8. My sister ______ (sing) very well. 9. It ______ (rain) a lot in summer here. 10. You ______ (look) very happy today. 二、现在进行时 概念：表示现在正在进行的动作。 结构：be动词（am、is、are）+动词的-ing形式。例如：I am reading a book. He is watching TV. 标志词：now（现在）、at the moment（此刻）等。 · 习题演练（用所给动词的适当形式填空） 1. Look! The boys ______ (play) basketball on the playground. 2. Listen! She ______ (sing) in the room. 3. I ______ (write) a letter now. 4. They ______ (have) a party at the moment. 5. He ______ (read) a storybook in the library. 6. We ______ (clean) the classroom. 7. The girl ______ (draw) a picture. 8. My mother ______ (cook) dinner in the kitchen. 9. The students ______ (do) an experiment. 10. The baby ______ (sleep). 三、一般过去时 概念：表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。 结构： · 谓语动词是规则动词，在词尾加-ed。如：I played football yesterday. · 谓语动词是不规则动词，要记住其过去式。如：go - went，see - saw 标志词（时间状语）：yesterday（昨天）、last week（上周）、ago（以前）等。 · 习题演练（用所给动词的适当形式填空） 1. I ______ (visit) my grandparents last Sunday. 2. He ______ (go) to the park yesterday. 3. They ______ (have) a great time at the party last night. 4. She ______ (see) a movie with her friends two days ago. 5. We ______ (play) football in the rain yesterday afternoon. 6. Tom ______ (buy) a new bike last week. 7. The teacher ______ (teach) us an English song last class. 8. I ______ (eat) an ice cream just now. 9. He ______ (fall) off his bike and hurt his leg. 10. They ______ (be) late for school this morning. 四、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级（补充） 比较级： · 一般在词尾加 -er。如：tall - taller · 以字母e结尾的，加 -r。如：nice - nicer · 重读闭音节，双写最后一个辅音字母，再加 -er。如：big - bigger · 不规则变化：如：good/well - better。用于两者比较，结构为“A + be +比较级+ than + B”。如：Tom is taller than Jack. 最高级： · 一般在词尾加 -est。如：tall - tallest · 以e结尾的加 -st。如：nice - nicest · 重读闭音节，双写最后一个辅音字母，再加 -est。如：big - biggest · 不规则变化：如：good/well - best。用于三者或三者以上比较，结构为“A + be + the +最高级+范围”。例如：Tom is the tallest in his class. · 习题演练（用所给动词的适当形式填空） 1. This box is ______ (heavy) than that one. 2. She is ______ (tall) girl in our class. 3. Tom runs ______ (fast) than Jack. 4. Which is ______ (big), the sun or the moon? 5. My room is ______ (clean) than yours. 6. He is one of the ______ (good) students in our school. 7. The weather today is ______ (bad) than yesterday. 8. Lucy sings ______ (well) than Lily. 9. Mount Everest is the ______ (high) mountain in the world. 10. This book is ______ (interesting) than that one. 五、名词的单复数 单数变复数规则： · 一般在名词后加-s。如：book - books · 以s、x、sh、ch结尾的加 -es。如：box - boxes · 以y结尾，y前是辅音字母，把y变i加 -es。如：baby - babies；y前是元音字母，直接加 -s，如：day - days · 以f或fe结尾的，把f或fe变成v加 -es。如：knife - knives · 不规则变化：如：man - men，woman - women，child - children等 · 习题演练（用所给动词的适当形式填空） 1. There are two ______ (box) on the table. 2. I have three ______ (pen). 3. The ______ (child) are playing games in the park. 4. There are many ______ (sheep) on the hill. 5. He has two ______ (watch). 6. The ______ (city) in China are very beautiful. 7. I can see some ______ (deer) in the forest. 8. There are five ______ (man) in the room. 9. These ______ (photo) are very nice. 10. The ______ (tooth) of the tiger are very sharp. 六、There be句型 概念：表示某地存在某物或某人。 结构：There is +单数可数名词/不可数名词+地点状语；There are +复数可数名词+地点状语。 例如：There is a book on the desk. There are some books on the desk. 就近原则：be动词的单复数形式要和离它最近的名词保持一致。 如：There is a pen and two books on the desk. · 习题演练（用所给动词的适当形式填空） 1. There ______ (be) a book and two pens on the desk. 2. There ______ (be) some water in the glass. 3. ______ (be) there any trees in the park? 4. There ______ (be) a lot of people at the concert last night. 5. There ______ (be) two dogs and a cat in the yard. 6. ______ (be) there a supermarket near here? 7. There ______ (be) a meeting tomorrow. 8. There ______ (be) some flowers in the vase. 9. ______(be) there______ milk in the fridge? 10. There ______ (be) a new school in our town next year. 参考答案 一般现在时 1. reads 2. go 3. likes 4. does 5. have 6. moves 7. watches 8. sings 9. rains 10. look 现在进行时 1. are playing 2. is singing 3. am writing 4. are having 5. is reading 6. are cleaning 7. is drawing 8. is cooking 9. are doing 10. is sleeping 一般过去时 1. visited 2. went 3. had 4. saw 5. played 6. bought 7. taught 8. ate 9. fell 10. were 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级 1. heavier 2. the tallest 3. faster 4. bigger 5. cleaner 6. best 7. worse 8. better 9. highest 10. more interesting 名词的单复数 1. boxes 2. pens 3. children 4. sheep 5. watches 6. cities 7. deer 8. men 9. photos 10. teeth There be 句型 1. is 2. is 3. Are, any 4. were 5. are 6. Is 7. will be 8. are 9. Is, any 10. will be 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$