Unit 7 Natural Disaster （考点串讲+精练）-【中职专用】2024-2025学年高二英语上学期期末考点大串讲（高教版2021修订版·基础模块3）

Unit 7 Natural Disasters 教材知识梳理 一、单元重点词组总结 1.热浪 heat weaves 2.做出改变make a change 3.酸雨 acid rain 4.电动汽车electric car 5. 自然灾害 natural disasters 6.全球变暖Global Warming 7. 导致lead to 8.可持续发展 sustainable development 9.太...而不能 too...to do... 10.立刻，马上 right now 11.和；也 as well as 12.当提到... when it comes to 13.遵守规则 follow the rules 14. 为了 in order to do 15.注意 pay attention to..... 16.采取行动 take action 17. 阻止...做....prevent...from doing 18.在近些年in recent years 19.也 as well 20.对..造成损失cause damage to... 21.对....有害be harmful to 22.太多too much 23.对....负责 be responsible for.. 24....的数量 the number of... 25. 砍到，削减cut down 二、单元重点句型总结 （1）谈论自然灾害的用语： I thought....... That’s terrible. That’s certainly true. Well, it’slucky that..... It is what we should do right now. The most important thing is...... I agree with you. （2）其他重点句式： 1. My flight is delayed due to the floods. 我的航班因为水灾取消了。 2.It seems there have been more floods these years than before.这些年水灾似乎比以前发生得更多了。 3.These natural disasters have caused great damage to our life.这些自然灾害给我们的生活造成了很大的损失。 4.It's lucky that people have decided to make a change.幸运的是人类决定做出改变。 5. It's what we should do right now. 我们现在的确应该行动起来。 6. And the most important thing is how we can have more people join us.而且最重要的是如何让更多的人加入我们。 7. If more people work together, it'll be possible for us to protect our earth and make it a safe and lovely place to live in. 如果更多的人一起努力，我们就可以保护地球，让它成为一个安全又可爱的居所。 三、重要知识点总结 1. pollute v.意为“污染，弄脏” be polluted by...“被...污染” protect... from ....意为“保护...免遭...” 2. prevent是动词，意为“阻止”。 常用于结构：prevent/stop/keep sb.from doing sth.意为“阻止某人做某事” 注意：在prevent和 stop结构中,from可以省略,意思不变;而在 keep结构中,from不可省略。 3.protect v.保护 protection n.保护 difference between A and B 意为“A和B之间的差异” protect...from/against.....意为“保护……免受…” protect... from being polluted 意为 “保护...免遭污染” 3.environment n.环境 environmental adj.环境的 environmental protection 环境保护 4.damage n./v.损坏,伤害 cause/ do damage to意为“对……造成损坏” 6. harmful adj.意为“有害的” be harmful to意为“对……有害” harm n./v.伤害,危害 do harm to对……有害 Smoking is harmful to our health. Smoking does harm to our health. Smoking harms our health. 7. realize作动词，意为“认识到,实现” “realize one's dream”或“make one's dream come true” 实现某人的梦想 Realize the importance of.... 意识到....的重要性 8. ① as well 意为“也;又”,多用于肯定句句末。 ② too 意为“也”,通常位于肯定句句末,并有逗号和前句隔开。 ③ either 意为“也”,通常只用于否定句句末。 ④ also 意为“也”,比too 和 as well 正式,一般位于助动词，情态动词和be动词后面，实义动词前面。 9. to为介词的常考短语：(后面加名词或动名词） pay attention to 注意，重视 look forward to doing sth.盼望做某事 be/become used to doing sth.习惯做某事 contribute to doing sth. 有助于做某事 lead to导致 10. agree with sb./sth.同意某人的观点看法。 weather/food agree with sb.(天气、食物等）适合某人 agree on sth.意为“就……达成一致” agree to do sth.意为“同意去做某事” disagree v.不同意 agreement n.同意 disagreement n.不同意 11. cut 为动词，意为“切，割， 削减，切断等”其词形变化为:cut-cut-cut-cutting. cut的常考短语有： cut down 减少,砍倒 cut off 切断,中断 cut up 切碎 cut out 剪出,剪掉 cut in 插嘴,打断 12.too much 太多（可修饰不可数名词） much too 太（修饰形容词和副词，much 用来加强too 的语气） 13.responsible adj.负责的 responsibility n.责任 be responsible for....对...负责 14.① advise作动词，意为“建议”，常用于advise sb. (not) to do sth.“建议某人（不）做某事”，其被动形式为为“sb. be advised to do sth.”。 advise doing 建议做 ② advice 为其名词，意为“建议”，为不可数名词。 a piece of advice 一条建议 some advice 一些建议 ask sb. for advice “寻求某人的意见” give sb. advice on sth.给某人关于某事的建议 ③ suggest v.建议 suggestion n.建议(可数名词) suggest + doing 建议做 suggest that sb.(should)do sth.意为“建议某人应该做某事”，此句型中常用虚拟语气，should可以省略。 15. enough adj.足够的；充分的。修饰名词，放名词前面。修饰形容词和副词时，放形容词和副词后面。 have enough+名词+ to do sth. “有足够多的...来做...” adj./adv.+enough + to do... “足够....来做” 16. More and more 越来越多 比较级+and +比较级 “越来越.....” The+比较级..., the +比较级.... “越...., 越....” 17.tie ...to....把....系到...; 把....与....联系在一起 18. as well as...和...一样好 as long as.....只要，只有 as soon as....一....就.... 19.the number of.... “....的数量”（，做主语，谓语动词用复数） a number of....“大量的”（后面加名词复数，做主语，谓语动词用复数） The number of the students is 500. A number of students are visiting the school. 20.It is known that....“众所周知”; 还可以表达为“As is known to all, ....” be known/famous as意为“作为…而有名”； be known/famous for 作为“因为…而有名” be known to sb.“为人所知” 21. It seems that ...此句型意为“似乎……”。此句型为中it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句。 seem为系动词,后接形容词作表语。 seem to do 意为“似乎做某事” 22.decide to do “决定去做”；decision n.决定；make a decision 做个决定 23.“too+adj./adv.+ to do……”意为“太…而不能” adj./adv.+enough to do意为“足够……可以去做”。 24. That's because +原因 “那是由于.....” That's why + 结果 “那是因为.......” 四、单元语法总结 一、主语从句 定义:在复合句中起主语作用的从句叫主语从句。 主语从句引导词分为三类,分别是： 从属连词that、whether; 连接代词who、whom、whose、what、which等; 连接副词 when、where、how、why等。 1.that/whether引导的主语从句 that引导主语从句，在主语从句中不担任句子成分没有实际意义；主语从句只用whether引导，不用；if;whether 引导主语从句，翻译为“是否”。 That you will visit us excites us a lot. Whether she will come here or not is unknown. 2.连接代词引导的主语从句 连接代词引导主语从句时,在主语从句中起名词作用,担任一定的句子成分,且有自身所表示的意义。其中，who表示“谁”，whose 表示“谁的”，what表示“所……的东西(事情、话等)”，which 表示“哪一个,哪一些”。 Who will go with us is not decided. What you said surprised us all. 3.连接副词引导的主语从句 连接副词引导主语从句时,在主语从句中起副词作用,担任相应的状语成分,且有自身所表示的意义。 ①what 引导的主语从句 what引导主语从句时,在句中充当主语、表语或宾语,放在句首。如: What he said is right。 What we need is your support. ②wh-疑问词引导的主语从句 由wh-疑问词引导的主语从句可以放在句首,也可以用it作形式主语用哪一个疑问词取决于从句所缺的成分。如: Who will attend the meeting is not decided. How we will go there is a question. It is not clear why he was late again. 4.it作形式主语的主语从句 有时为了考虑句子平衡,避免头重脚轻,通常在主语从句处使用形式主语it,而将真正的主语从句移至句末。常用句型如下: (1) It+be+形容词十主语从句： It is unknown whether he will come or not. 2.It+be+名词(fact,pity,shame,honor,question等)十主语从句 It is a fact that he failed the exam. 3.It+be十动词过去分词(said,reported,known,believed 等)十that 从句 It is said that he has gone to Beijing for a visit. 4. It十不及物动词(seem,appear,happen,matter,turn out等)十主语从句 It seems that he didn't like the plan we proposed. 【注意】 引导主语从句的 that有时可以省略,有时不能省略。若 that 引导的主语从句位于句首,则 that 不能省略;若 that 引导的主语从句位于句末,并在句首使用了形式主语it,则 that 可以省略。 二、表语从句 定义:在复合句中,作表语的名词性从句叫表语从句。 表语从句位于主句系动词之后,结构为“be十引导词十从句” 一．表语从句的引导词 1. that/whether 引导的表语从句 The problem is that we have missed the bus. The question is whether we can go there. 【注意】 whether 可引导表语从句,但if不可以引导表语从句。 2.连接代词引导的表语从句 You are not who you were ten years ago. The problem is who can replace him to attend the meeting. 3.连接副词引导的表语从句 That’s where I first met her. That’s why I refused the invitation to the party. 4.表语从句使用陈述句语序 【注意】 当主句的主语是reason时,表语从句要用that引导,不可用 because。 The reason for his failure is that he was too careless. 二、表语从句的注意事项 1.使用虚拟语气的表语从句：当主语是表示“建议、要求、命令”等含义的名词(suggestion、advice、proposal、order、request、requirement、demand)时,表语从句应使用虚拟语气,即从句谓语动词用 “should+动词原形”，should 可以省略。 My suggestion is that we (should) read English every day. 2.why、because引导的表语从句。 表示原因的名词(reason)作句子的主语时,其后的表语从句常用that引导,不能使用because,构成句式: The reason is that.... The reason why he didn't come is that he had got a fever. 由because引导的表语从句常用于That's because.....结构中,说明产生上述结果的原因. That's why...结构中why引导的表语从句说明由上述原因导致的某种结果。 I missed the bus. That is why was late for school . I was late for school. That is because I missed the bus. 牛刀小试 1.2023年·山东春季高考)The stars are very far from us.That's_______they look so small. A. what B. where C.why D.how 2.(2022年·山东春季高考)It is reported _______Gao Tingyu set an Olympic record at the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics. A. A.whether B.that C.what D. when 3.(2021年山东春季高考)The reason for his not coming is____________his mother has been ill. A. What B. Where C. that D. who 4. __________amzed me most was_________such a little boy of six could know so much about chinese history. A. That; what B. What; that C. That; that D.What; what 5. _____ they have been chosen for the school team is known to us all. A . Which B . That C . What D . When 6.The problem is_______we could find the solution to the problem as soon as possible. A. which B.what C.who D. how 7. ________we'll hold the sports meeting as scheduled depends on the weather. A. If A B. Whether C. That D. Where 8. _______ you do makes no difference to me. A．However B. Whenever C．Whatever D．Wherever 9. _____really matters is that she needs a shower at once.      A.What B. That C.How D.Whether 10. It seems_______he were drunk. A．as far as B．as if C．as well D．as long as 能力训练与提升 一、英语知识运用 1. —Tomorrow we will play against the basket team from No.2 middle school. —_________! A.Congratulations                  B.Don’t mention it C.Good luck             D.It doesn’t matter 2.—More and more trees have been planted those years. —That’s true. Because trees can _______water from washing the earth away. A.provide B.process C. prevent D. press 3. The reason why he didn’t come is _____he had not received the invitation. A.what B. that C.how D. why 4. The little boy is_____young _______home alone. A.too; staying B.too;  to stay       C.so; to stay         D. so ; stay  5. The question is ____________we can cut down the cost of the product or not. A. whether B.how C. what D. that 6. It is good news ________you won the first prize in the English contest. A. what B. how C.when D.that 7. Many natural disaters, ___________earthquakes, typhoon and wildfire are caused by the environmental damage by human activities. A.for example   B.such as     C. for instance D. apart from 8. Effective measures must be taken to reduce the level of environmental_______. A.pollute B. polluted C.pollution D. polluting 9.Mobile payment makes our life much more convenient. We can buy anything________we don’t take any money. A.unless            B.if C. so that                 D.even if 10. They are doing a special_____of the new mobile phone in the shopping mall righ tnow. A. promote B. promoter C. promotion            D.promotional 11.The natural disasters appear_____ casuing great damage to human life. A. frequent    B.frequently       C. fluent      D. fluently 12. The earthquake __________ Wechuan in 2008 killed hundreds of people and ruined thousands of houses. A. strike     B.struck C. striking   D. to strike 13._________troubles me most is ______his plane minght be delayed due to the bad weather. A.That; that        B. What;that C. That; what D. What; what 14. Vocational students need to ______ the importance of practical training as well as basic subjects learning. A.realize B. prevent C.tie D. contribute 15.Due to the sandstorm, the match _________.  A.cancel               B. canceled C.was canceld     D. has canceld 16. —How are you doing? —__________, thank you. A.Fine B.I have no idea C.Nothing D.No wonder 17. —I’m sorry for what I said to you just now.I didn’t mean it. — _____. A.No problem B.Don’t worry C. That’s right D. Never mind 18. The number of students in our school _____ more than 2000.A number of the studnets ______from rual areas. A.are; are B.is ; is    C. are ; is     D. is; are 19. It seems_____it was he who saved the whole village. A. what         B.that C.how D. whether 20.--- It is______ work out the math problem.You needn’t ask your teacher for help. ---I think so. A.easy enough B. easily enough C.enough easy D.enough easily 二、根据情景内容补全对话 A: Good moring, Doctor Smith's offce.1.______may I help you? B: Good moring, I'd like to make an appointment to see Doctor Smith, please. A: OK,can I have your 2._______please? B: Lily Jones. A:3._______the problem? B: I've got a fever and a bad cough, Could I see the doctor at 2:00 this afternoon? A:I'm 4._______, Doctor Smith is not available at that time. B: Then what is the earliest time? A: The earliest available time is 4:30 pm. B: That's fine with me. A: OK, please come at 4:20 pm to register first. B: No problem. Thank you. A:5.______you then. 三、阅读并补全句子 The World Earth Day is 1.______April 22nd every year. Started in the year 1970, the Earth Day is now 2.________(celebrate) in more than 193 countries each year. On that day, people do different things 3.______( protect) the earth. People celebrated the 4.______(one) Earth Day about over 50 years ago in the USA. Every year, the event is celebrated under a different theme. The theme for 2016 is "Trees for the Earth". Here are some things you can do to celebrate Earth Day and make a 5._______(good) world for future generations. Cars, being the 6._____(great) source of air pollution, can be left at home at weekend. 7.________(travel) by public transport is the better choice. Be a little dirty and don't take a bath every day and it will certainly do a lot of good 8.______ saving water. Volunteer to join other tasks, because it will do you good, too. If you have time, you can plant trees, clean a park or 9._____(simple) come up with ways you can preserve mother Earth. Try to save energy by 10._____(turn) off all electricity points whenever they are not in use. 四、阅读理解 Every day, people throw away lots of rubbish. This causes serious environmental pollution. Where does all the rubbish go and what happens to it? Most of it goes in “landfills”. Though we do not know exactly where all these landfill are, they are close to where we live. People hardly to believe that most of the cities in China at surrounded by rubbish. Putting this rubbish in landfills takes up too much space. So we have another way to get rid of rubbish- bum it. But this pollutes the air around us. And we find the third way recycling. Today it has become more and more popular, because it is much better than the other two ways. In fact, most of rubbish can be recycled an reused For example, wooden chopsticks can be reused to make paper; glass and plastic can be made into new bottles. However, the traditional ways are not enough to deal with the growing quantities of rubbish. We still have a long way to go. The Chinese government has realized the importance of recycling rubbish. It has made some rules and lows to stop people from littering here and there People are also encouraged to sort (分类) rubbish and throw it in different dustbins. We should always remember: sorting rubbish is a new fashion! 1. The underlined word “landfills” in the text mean “______” A. 垃圾 B. 土地 C. 土地填埋 D. 垃圾填埋场 2. How many ways of getting rid of rubbish are mentioned in the text? A. Two B. Three C. Four D. Five. 3. What is the harm of burning rubbish? A. It takes up too much space. B. It makes too much noise. C. It pollutes the air around us. D. It produces large quantities of rubbish. 4. What is the new fashion according to the last paragraph? A. Sorting rubbish. B. Putting rubbish in landfills. C. Burning rubbish. D. Making rules and laws. 5. Which of the following might be the best the title for the text? A. Air Pollution B. Rubbish Recycling C. Environment Protection D. Dealing With Rubbish 五、书面表达 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter来信向你咨询如何才能学好中文。请你根据下列要点写回信。要点: 1.参加中文学习班; 2.看中文书刊、电视节目;3.学唱中文歌曲; 4.交中国朋友。注意:1.词数100个左右; 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯;3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数 Dear Peter, I'm glad to receive your letter asking for my advice on how to learn Chinese well. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 7 Natural Disasters 教材知识梳理 一、单元重点词组总结 1.热浪 heat weaves 2.做出改变make a change 3.酸雨 acid rain 4.电动汽车electric car 5. 自然灾害 natural disasters 6.全球变暖Global Warming 7. 导致lead to 8.可持续发展 sustainable development 9.太...而不能 too...to do... 10.立刻，马上 right now 11.和；也 as well as 12.当提到... when it comes to 13.遵守规则 follow the rules 14. 为了 in order to do 15.注意 pay attention to..... 16.采取行动 take action 17. 阻止...做....prevent...from doing 18.在近些年in recent years 19.也 as well 20.对..造成损失cause damage to... 21.对....有害be harmful to 22.太多too much 23.对....负责 be responsible for.. 24....的数量 the number of... 25. 砍到，削减cut down 二、单元重点句型总结 （1）谈论自然灾害的用语： I thought....... That’s terrible. That’s certainly true. Well, it’slucky that..... It is what we should do right now. The most important thing is...... I agree with you. （2）其他重点句式： 1. My flight is delayed due to the floods. 我的航班因为水灾取消了。 2.It seems there have been more floods these years than before.这些年水灾似乎比以前发生得更多了。 3.These natural disasters have caused great damage to our life.这些自然灾害给我们的生活造成了很大的损失。 4.It's lucky that people have decided to make a change.幸运的是人类决定做出改变。 5. It's what we should do right now. 我们现在的确应该行动起来。 6. And the most important thing is how we can have more people join us.而且最重要的是如何让更多的人加入我们。 7. If more people work together, it'll be possible for us to protect our earth and make it a safe and lovely place to live in. 如果更多的人一起努力，我们就可以保护地球，让它成为一个安全又可爱的居所。 三、重要知识点总结 1. pollute v.意为“污染，弄脏” be polluted by...“被...污染” protect... from ....意为“保护...免遭...” 2. prevent是动词，意为“阻止”。 常用于结构：prevent/stop/keep sb.from doing sth.意为“阻止某人做某事” 注意：在prevent和 stop结构中,from可以省略,意思不变;而在 keep结构中,from不可省略。 3.protect v.保护 protection n.保护 difference between A and B 意为“A和B之间的差异” protect...from/against.....意为“保护……免受…” protect... from being polluted 意为 “保护...免遭污染” 3.environment n.环境 environmental adj.环境的 environmental protection 环境保护 4.damage n./v.损坏,伤害 cause/ do damage to意为“对……造成损坏” 6. harmful adj.意为“有害的” be harmful to意为“对……有害” harm n./v.伤害,危害 do harm to对……有害 Smoking is harmful to our health. Smoking does harm to our health. Smoking harms our health. 7. realize作动词，意为“认识到,实现” “realize one's dream”或“make one's dream come true” 实现某人的梦想 Realize the importance of.... 意识到....的重要性 8. ① as well 意为“也;又”,多用于肯定句句末。 ② too 意为“也”,通常位于肯定句句末,并有逗号和前句隔开。 ③ either 意为“也”,通常只用于否定句句末。 ④ also 意为“也”,比too 和 as well 正式,一般位于助动词，情态动词和be动词后面，实义动词前面。 9. to为介词的常考短语：(后面加名词或动名词） pay attention to 注意，重视 look forward to doing sth.盼望做某事 be/become used to doing sth.习惯做某事 contribute to doing sth. 有助于做某事 lead to导致 10. agree with sb./sth.同意某人的观点看法。 weather/food agree with sb.(天气、食物等）适合某人 agree on sth.意为“就……达成一致” agree to do sth.意为“同意去做某事” disagree v.不同意 agreement n.同意 disagreement n.不同意 11. cut 为动词，意为“切，割， 削减，切断等”其词形变化为:cut-cut-cut-cutting. cut的常考短语有： cut down 减少,砍倒 cut off 切断,中断 cut up 切碎 cut out 剪出,剪掉 cut in 插嘴,打断 12.too much 太多（可修饰不可数名词） much too 太（修饰形容词和副词，much 用来加强too 的语气） 13.responsible adj.负责的 responsibility n.责任 be responsible for....对...负责 14.① advise作动词，意为“建议”，常用于advise sb. (not) to do sth.“建议某人（不）做某事”，其被动形式为为“sb. be advised to do sth.”。 advise doing 建议做 ② advice 为其名词，意为“建议”，为不可数名词。 a piece of advice 一条建议 some advice 一些建议 ask sb. for advice “寻求某人的意见” give sb. advice on sth.给某人关于某事的建议 ③ suggest v.建议 suggestion n.建议(可数名词) suggest + doing 建议做 suggest that sb.(should)do sth.意为“建议某人应该做某事”，此句型中常用虚拟语气，should可以省略。 15. enough adj.足够的；充分的。修饰名词，放名词前面。修饰形容词和副词时，放形容词和副词后面。 have enough+名词+ to do sth. “有足够多的...来做...” adj./adv.+enough + to do... “足够....来做” 16. More and more 越来越多 比较级+and +比较级 “越来越.....” The+比较级..., the +比较级.... “越...., 越....” 17.tie ...to....把....系到...; 把....与....联系在一起 18. as well as...和...一样好 as long as.....只要，只有 as soon as....一....就.... 19.the number of.... “....的数量”（，做主语，谓语动词用复数） a number of....“大量的”（后面加名词复数，做主语，谓语动词用复数） The number of the students is 500. A number of students are visiting the school. 20.It is known that....“众所周知”; 还可以表达为“As is known to all, ....” be known/famous as意为“作为…而有名”； be known/famous for 作为“因为…而有名” be known to sb.“为人所知” 21. It seems that ...此句型意为“似乎……”。此句型为中it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句。 seem为系动词,后接形容词作表语。 seem to do 意为“似乎做某事” 22.decide to do “决定去做”；decision n.决定；make a decision 做个决定 23.“too+adj./adv.+ to do……”意为“太…而不能” adj./adv.+enough to do意为“足够……可以去做”。 24. That's because +原因 “那是由于.....” That's why + 结果 “那是因为.......” 四、单元语法总结 一、主语从句 定义:在复合句中起主语作用的从句叫主语从句。 主语从句引导词分为三类,分别是： 从属连词that、whether; 连接代词who、whom、whose、what、which等; 连接副词 when、where、how、why等。 1.that/whether引导的主语从句 that引导主语从句，在主语从句中不担任句子成分没有实际意义；主语从句只用whether引导，不用；if;whether 引导主语从句，翻译为“是否”。 That you will visit us excites us a lot. Whether she will come here or not is unknown. 2.连接代词引导的主语从句 连接代词引导主语从句时,在主语从句中起名词作用,担任一定的句子成分,且有自身所表示的意义。其中，who表示“谁”，whose 表示“谁的”，what表示“所……的东西(事情、话等)”，which 表示“哪一个,哪一些”。 Who will go with us is not decided. What you said surprised us all. 3.连接副词引导的主语从句 连接副词引导主语从句时,在主语从句中起副词作用,担任相应的状语成分,且有自身所表示的意义。 ①what 引导的主语从句 what引导主语从句时,在句中充当主语、表语或宾语,放在句首。如: What he said is right。 What we need is your support. ②wh-疑问词引导的主语从句 由wh-疑问词引导的主语从句可以放在句首,也可以用it作形式主语用哪一个疑问词取决于从句所缺的成分。如: Who will attend the meeting is not decided. How we will go there is a question. It is not clear why he was late again. 4.it作形式主语的主语从句 有时为了考虑句子平衡,避免头重脚轻,通常在主语从句处使用形式主语it,而将真正的主语从句移至句末。常用句型如下: (1) It+be+形容词十主语从句： It is unknown whether he will come or not. 2.It+be+名词(fact,pity,shame,honor,question等)十主语从句 It is a fact that he failed the exam. 3.It+be十动词过去分词(said,reported,known,believed 等)十that 从句 It is said that he has gone to Beijing for a visit. 4. It十不及物动词(seem,appear,happen,matter,turn out等)十主语从句 It seems that he didn't like the plan we proposed. 【注意】 引导主语从句的 that有时可以省略,有时不能省略。若 that 引导的主语从句位于句首,则 that 不能省略;若 that 引导的主语从句位于句末,并在句首使用了形式主语it,则 that 可以省略。 二、表语从句 定义:在复合句中,作表语的名词性从句叫表语从句。 表语从句位于主句系动词之后,结构为“be十引导词十从句” 一．表语从句的引导词 1. that/whether 引导的表语从句 The problem is that we have missed the bus. The question is whether we can go there. 【注意】 whether 可引导表语从句,但if不可以引导表语从句。 2.连接代词引导的表语从句 You are not who you were ten years ago. The problem is who can replace him to attend the meeting. 3.连接副词引导的表语从句 That’s where I first met her. That’s why I refused the invitation to the party. 4.表语从句使用陈述句语序 【注意】 当主句的主语是reason时,表语从句要用that引导,不可用 because。 The reason for his failure is that he was too careless. 二、表语从句的注意事项 1.使用虚拟语气的表语从句：当主语是表示“建议、要求、命令”等含义的名词(suggestion、advice、proposal、order、request、requirement、demand)时,表语从句应使用虚拟语气,即从句谓语动词用 “should+动词原形”，should 可以省略。 My suggestion is that we (should) read English every day. 2.why、because引导的表语从句。 表示原因的名词(reason)作句子的主语时,其后的表语从句常用that引导,不能使用because,构成句式: The reason is that.... The reason why he didn't come is that he had got a fever. 由because引导的表语从句常用于That's because.....结构中,说明产生上述结果的原因. That's why...结构中why引导的表语从句说明由上述原因导致的某种结果。 I missed the bus. That is why was late for school . I was late for school. That is because I missed the bus. 牛刀小试 1.2023年·山东春季高考)The stars are very far from us.That's_______they look so small. A. what B. where C.why D.how 2.(2022年·山东春季高考)It is reported _______Gao Tingyu set an Olympic record at the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics. A. A.whether B.that C.what D. when 3.(2021年山东春季高考)The reason for his not coming is____________his mother has been ill. A. What B. Where C. that D. who 4. __________amzed me most was_________such a little boy of six could know so much about chinese history. A. That; what B. What; that C. That; that D.What; what 5. _____ they have been chosen for the school team is known to us all. A . Which B . That C . What D . When 6.The problem is_______we could find the solution to the problem as soon as possible. A. which B.what C.who D. how 7. ________we'll hold the sports meeting as scheduled depends on the weather. A. If A B. Whether C. That D. Where 8. _______ you do makes no difference to me. A．However B. Whenever C．Whatever D．Wherever 9. _____really matters is that she needs a shower at once.      A.What B. That C.How D.Whether 10. It seems_______he were drunk. A．as far as B．as if C．as well D．as long as 1. C。本题考查表语从句。句意:星星离我们很远。这就是为什么它们看起来是如此的小的原因。连接副词 why 引导从句,在从句中作原因状语。A项为连接代词,而从句中不缺主语或宾语，故不符合题意。B项表示地点,D项表示方式,均不符合题意。故选C项。 2.B。本题考查主语从句。句意:据报道,高亭宇在2022年北京冬奥会上创造了一项奥运纪录。it作形式主语代替 that引导的主语从句。由于主语从句的句子成分完整，that 只起引导主语从句的作用,不做句子成分,没有实际意义。A项意为“是否”;C项为代词,要作句子成分;D项为副词，意为“何时”,均不符合题意。故选B项。 3.C。本题考查表语从句。句意:“他没来的原因是他妈妈生病了。"本题中thal 引导表语从句。 本题解题的关键在于空格处作is的表语且表语从句中不缺少任何成分。 4. B。考查主语从句和表语从句。第一个空为what引导的主语从句，第二个空是that引导的表语从句。故选B。 5. B。考查主语从句。句意：他们被选入校队我们都知道。that引导主语从句，本身并无意义，在从句中不充当成分。故选B。 6. D。考查表语从句。句意：问题是我们如何能够尽快知道解决问题的方法。本题中的how引导表语从句，故选D项。 7. B。考查主语从句，句意：我们明天按照计划举办运动会取决于天气。故选B。 8. C。本题考查主语从句。句意：你对什么对我来说没有区别。whatever引导主语从句，同时在从句中做宾语。故选C。 9. A。本题考查主语从句。句意：真正重要的是，他得马上冲个澡。What引导主语从句起连接作用外，还要在主语从句中充当主语。故选A。 10. B。本题考查表语从句。句意：他看起来似乎喝醉了。As if引导的从句通常位于系动词seem, look,appear等之后，具有陈述和虚拟两种语气。如果表述与客观事实不符或者相反的假设，则用虚拟语气。故选B项。 能力训练与提升 一、英语知识运用 1. —Tomorrow we will play against the basket team from No.2 middle school. —_________! A.Congratulations                  B.Don’t mention it C.Good luck             D.It doesn’t matter 2.—More and more trees have been planted those years. —That’s true. Because trees can _______water from washing the earth away. A.provide B.process C. prevent D. press 3. The reason why he didn’t come is _____he had not received the invitation. A.what B. that C.how D. why 4. The little boy is_____young _______home alone. A.too; staying B.too;  to stay       C.so; to stay         D. so ; stay  5. The question is ____________we can cut down the cost of the product or not. A. whether B.how C. what D. that 6. It is good news ________you won the first prize in the English contest. A. what B. how C.when D.that 7. Many natural disaters, ___________earthquakes, typhoon and wildfire are caused by the environmental damage by human activities. A.for example   B.such as     C. for instance D. apart from 8. Effective measures must be taken to reduce the level of environmental_______. A.pollute B. polluted C.pollution D. polluting 9.Mobile payment makes our life much more convenient. We can buy anything________we don’t take any money. A.unless            B.if C. so that                 D.even if 10. They are doing a special_____of the new mobile phone in the shopping mall righ tnow. A. promote B. promoter C. promotion            D.promotional 11.The natural disasters appear_____ casuing great damage to human life. A. frequent    B.frequently       C. fluent      D. fluently 12. The earthquake __________ Wechuan in 2008 killed hundreds of people and ruined thousands of houses. A. strike     B.struck C. striking   D. to strike 13._________troubles me most is ______his plane minght be delayed due to the bad weather. A.That; that        B. What;that C. That; what D. What; what 14. Vocational students need to ______ the importance of practical training as well as basic subjects learning. A.realize B. prevent C.tie D. contribute 15.Due to the sandstorm, the match _________.  A.cancel               B. canceled C.was canceld     D. has canceld 16. —How are you doing? —__________, thank you. A.Fine B.I have no idea C.Nothing D.No wonder 17. —I’m sorry for what I said to you just now.I didn’t mean it. — _____. A.No problem B.Don’t worry C. That’s right D. Never mind 18. The number of students in our school _____ more than 2000.A number of the studnets ______from rual areas. A.are; are B.is ; is    C. are ; is     D. is; are 19. It seems_____it was he who saved the whole village. A. what         B.that C.how D. whether 20.--- It is______ work out the math problem.You needn’t ask your teacher for help. ---I think so. A.easy enough B. easily enough C.enough easy D.enough easily 【答案】 1-5 CCBBA 6-10 DBCDC 11-15 BCBAC 16-20 ADDBA 二、根据情景内容补全对话 A: Good moring, Doctor Smith's offce.1.______may I help you? B: Good moring, I'd like to make an appointment to see Doctor Smith, please. A: OK,can I have your 2._______please? B: Lily Jones. A:3._______the problem? B: I've got a fever and a bad cough, Could I see the doctor at 2:00 this afternoon? A:I'm 4._______, Doctor Smith is not available at that time. B: Then what is the earliest time? A: The earliest available time is 4:30 pm. B: That's fine with me. A: OK, please come at 4:20 pm to register first. B: No problem. Thank you. A:5.______you then. 【答案】 1.How 2.name 3.What’s 4.sorry 5. See 三、阅读并补全句子 The World Earth Day is 1.______April 22nd every year. Started in the year 1970, the Earth Day is now 2.________(celebrate) in more than 193 countries each year. On that day, people do different things 3.______( protect) the earth. People celebrated the 4.______(one) Earth Day about over 50 years ago in the USA. Every year, the event is celebrated under a different theme. The theme for 2016 is "Trees for the Earth". Here are some things you can do to celebrate Earth Day and make a 5._______(good) world for future generations. Cars, being the 6._____(great) source of air pollution, can be left at home at weekend. 7.________(travel) by public transport is the better choice. Be a little dirty and don't take a bath every day and it will certainly do a lot of good 8.______ saving water. Volunteer to join other tasks, because it will do you good, too. If you have time, you can plant trees, clean a park or 9._____(simple) come up with ways you can preserve mother Earth. Try to save energy by 10._____(turn) off all electricity points whenever they are not in use. 【答案】 1.on 2.celebrated 3.to protect 4.first 5.better 6.greatest 7.Traveling 8.for 9.simply 10.turning 四、阅读理解 Every day, people throw away lots of rubbish. This causes serious environmental pollution. Where does all the rubbish go and what happens to it? Most of it goes in “landfills”. Though we do not know exactly where all these landfill are, they are close to where we live. People hardly to believe that most of the cities in China at surrounded by rubbish. Putting this rubbish in landfills takes up too much space. So we have another way to get rid of rubbish- bum it. But this pollutes the air around us. And we find the third way recycling. Today it has become more and more popular, because it is much better than the other two ways. In fact, most of rubbish can be recycled an reused For example, wooden chopsticks can be reused to make paper; glass and plastic can be made into new bottles. However, the traditional ways are not enough to deal with the growing quantities of rubbish. We still have a long way to go. The Chinese government has realized the importance of recycling rubbish. It has made some rules and lows to stop people from littering here and there People are also encouraged to sort (分类) rubbish and throw it in different dustbins. We should always remember: sorting rubbish is a new fashion! 1. The underlined word “landfills” in the text mean “______” A. 垃圾 B. 土地 C. 土地填埋 D. 垃圾填埋场 2. How many ways of getting rid of rubbish are mentioned in the text? A. Two B. Three C. Four D. Five. 3. What is the harm of burning rubbish? A. It takes up too much space. B. It makes too much noise. C. It pollutes the air around us. D. It produces large quantities of rubbish. 4. What is the new fashion according to the last paragraph? A. Sorting rubbish. B. Putting rubbish in landfills. C. Burning rubbish. D. Making rules and laws. 5. Which of the following might be the best the title for the text? A. Air Pollution B. Rubbish Recycling C. Environment Protection D. Dealing With Rubbish 【答案】   1-5 DBCAB 五、书面表达 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter来信向你咨询如何才能学好中文。请你根据下列要点写回信。要点: 1.参加中文学习班; 2.看中文书刊、电视节目;3.学唱中文歌曲; 4.交中国朋友。注意:1.词数100个左右; 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯;3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数 Dear Peter, I'm glad to receive your letter asking for my advice on how to learn Chinese well. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Dear Peter, I'm glad to receive your letter asking for my advice on how to learn Chinese well.Here are a few suggestions. first, it is important to take a Chinese course, as you'll be able tolearn from the teacher and practice with your fellow students. Then, it also helps to watch Tvprograms and read books, newspapers and magazines in Chinese whenever possible. Besides, it should be a good idea to learn and sing Chinese songs, because by doing so you'lllearn and remember Chinese words more easily. You can also make more Chinese friends. Theywill tell you a lot about China and help you learn ChineseTry and write me in Chinese next time Best wishes Li Hua 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$