精品解析：广东省深圳市龙岗区龙城高级中学2024-2025学年高三上学期11月期中英语试题

龙城高级中学（教育集团）2024-2025学年第一学期 高三年级11月联考英语试题 本试卷共8页，卷面满分120分。考试用时120分钟。 注意事项： 1. 答题前，考生首先检查答题卡是否整洁无缺损；考生务必用规定的笔将自己的班级、姓名和座位号填写在答题卡指定的位置上。同时，将监考教师发放的条形码正向准确粘贴在答题卡的贴条形码区。请保持条形码整洁、不污损。 2. 选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案；不能答在试卷上。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 4. 请保持答题卡的整洁，不折叠、不破损。考试结束后，将答题卡交回。 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A，B，C，D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A As any gardener knows, nature doesn’t need much space to grow strong and healthy — give her an inch, and she’ll take a mile! Here are four impressive examples of nature reclaiming (开发利用) our world for itself with amazing results. Houtouwan, China It lies on the island of Shengshan Town on the furthermost edge of a group of islands. The only way to get there is by private boat, or by bus, and then by ship. Its isolation (隔绝) was one of the prime factors leading to the abandonment of the village in the 1990s. Now, its walls and streets become green with overgrowth. Spreepark, Germany Spreepark was closed in 2001 and the local plant life soon got to work. Structures in use since the park originally opened in 1969 were quickly covered by leaves. Now, an initiative aims to bring the site back to life. Vallone dei Mulini, Italy Its high humidity (湿度) encouraged a microclimate perfect for plant growth. As the abandoned buildings fell apart, the ruins and their surroundings became completely overgrown. Photographs taken of the site in 2006 went widespread online. Beng Mealea, Cambodia Though constructed around 900 years ago, this grand temple is far less frequented than its more famous neighbour, Angkor Wat. In 2020, it was submitted for consideration as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Natural decline, among other factors, has caused serious damage to the site, allowing the surrounding jungle to overrun and combine with it. 1. What mainly caused Houtouwan’s abandonment? A. Its wet climate. B. The overgrowth of plants. C. Its separate location. D. The aging of walls and streets. 2. Which place once became popular online? A. Houtouwan. B. Spreepark. C. Vallone dei Mulini. D. Beng Mealea. 3. What feature do the four places share? A. They are World Heritage Sites. B. They are being taken back by nature. C. They are nearly 1,000 years old. D. They are regaining their original state. B Like many new graduates, I left university full of hope for the future but with no real idea of what I wanted to do. My degree, with honors, in English literature had not really prepared me for anything practical. I knew I wanted to make a difference in the world somehow, but I had no idea how to do that. That’s when I learned about the Lighthouse Project. I started my journey as a Lighthouse Project volunteer by reading as much as I could about the experiences of previous volunteers. I knew it would be a lot of hard work, and that I would be away from my family and friends for a very long time. In short, I did not take my decision to apply for the Lighthouse Project lightly. Neither did my family. Eventually, however, I won the support of my family, and I sent in all the paperwork needed for the application. After countless interviews and presentations, I managed to stand out among the candidates and survive the test alone. Several months later, I finally received a call asking me to report for duty. I would be going to a small village near Abuja, Nigeria. Where? What? Nigeria? I had no idea. But I was about to find out. After completing my training, I was sent to the village that was small and desperately in need of proper accommodation. Though the local villagers were poor, they offered their homes, food, and hearts as if I were their own family. I was asked to lead a small team of local people in building a new schoolhouse. For the next year or so, I taught in that same schoolhouse. But I sometimes think I learned more from my students than they did from me. Sometime during that period, I realized that all those things that had seemed so strange or unusual to me no longer did, though I did not get anywhere with the local language, and returned to the United States a different man. The Lighthouse Project had changed my life forever. 4. Why did the writer enter for the Lighthouse Project? A. Because his major was connected with it. B. Because he was extremely familiar with it. C. Because he wanted to make the world a better place. D. Because new graduates had to work for it after graduation. 5. How was the writer’s application process? A. Awkward. B. Complex. C. Entertaining. D. Effortless. 6. What did the writer do in the village? A. Working as a teacher. B Helping villagers build hospitals. C. Raising money for his students. D. Inviting locals to enter his Project. 7 Which can be the best title of the text? A. A Life-changing Voluntary Experience B. The Memorable and Rewarding life in Abuja C. Lighthouse Project—The Promise of African Education D. Lighthouse Project—a Volunteer Organization for New Graduates C The farms of the future may look very different from that of today. That’s because farms do not have to be outside anymore. They also won’t have to be above ground. In London, 100 feet below the streets there was a huge empty space. Richard Ballard and Steven Dring, founders of the company Growing Underground, thought it would be an ideal spot to build a hydroponic (水栽的) farm. After all, these types of farms are doing well in other indoor spaces. Founded in 2015, Growing Underground’s farm grows microgreens and salad leaves using hydroponic technology that grows plants in water but not soil. In fact, the company said that its hydroponic technology allows for the perfect pest-free growing environment. These methods use about 70 percent water less than traditional field agriculture and all the nutrients are kept within a closed circle system. They can grow the greens all year round because they are not affected by weather or growing seasons. But it is the LED lighting system that is the key to growing food underground. Ballard said, “Already, LEDs allow the growers to change the flavor of the greens, as their sugars and starches develop differently under different light spectrums (光谱).” Right now, the company only sells greens with a lot of leaves because they are the only crops that grow fast enough to be economically feasible but Ballard believes that will change. “As technologies improve, you’ll see soft fruits, cucumbers, peppers,” he said. The company’s goal is to keep food local. They say that all of the greens can be in your kitchen within four hours of being picked. They currently sell to local restaurants in London, but they hope to be entering the local groceries soon. 8. What makes the underground farm possible? A. The rich soil. B. The great demand for fruits. C. The hydroponic technology. D. The good weather condition. 9. What is the function of the LED lighting system? A. To get rid of pests. B. To increase the temperature of underground farm. C. To allow greens to grow rapidly. D. To provide various light spectrums. 10. What does the underlined word “feasible” in Paragraph 5 probably mean? A. Difficult. B. Challenged. C. Impossible. D. Achievable. 11. What does the company expect of the underground farm? A. It’ll benefit more customers. B. It’ll be environment-friendly. C. It’ll keep food fresher for longer. D. It’ll use the latest technology. D “So, Mr. Albert, you’ve told us about your strengths but what about your weaknesses?” It’s a common interview question. To which a classic humblebrag (谦虚自夸) reply is, “Well. I must admit that I’m a bit of a perfectionist.” After all, what company wouldn’t want to employ somebody who seeks perfection? But it turns out that there is a profound difference between high-achievers and perfectionists. In a cruel irony, the perfectionist traits could actually prevent someone from achieving their full potential. The roots of perfectionism actually lie in a deep desire to feel perfect. Most often a perfectionist personality is formed in reaction to some form of childhood trauma. For example, following her parents’ divorce, a young girl might strive to always be good, to always be perfect because at some level she believes that it must have been her fault that her parents separated. So as long as she is perfect, nothing so terrible would happen again. Given such origins, it appears that the thinking and emotional styles associated with perfectionism are particularly dangerous to mental health. Think of the harshest and merciless perfectionists you know. They always, always, always find fault. Their cognitive (认知) styles include all-or-nothing thinking, where only perfection is seen as an acceptable result; fear of failure, where a perfectionist is driven by fear rather than pulled by the prospect of success in their endeavors; defensiveness in the face of constructive criticism. All of these seem to be linked to a wide range of psychological problems including eating disorders, anxiety and depression, and even suicide. Changing this mindset is the key to treating the condition when it becomes a disorder but it is difficult to achieve. Perfectionists are essentially in an abusive relationship with themselves. It’s hard enough to withdraw from abusive relationships with others. How much harder is it when you yourself are the abuser? So perhaps a better answer to the interview question posed at the start of this article would be, “I used to be a perfectionist but now I’m well on the road to recovery.” 12. Why does the author mention the interview question in paragraph 1? A. To provide an example. B. To introduce the topic. C. To support the argument. D. To attract the readers’ interest. 13. Who will most probably become a perfectionist? A. A high- achiever. B. A person who always finds fault. C. An overconfident man. D. A son of a violent alcoholic father. 14. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A. Perfectionism often has three different types. B. Perfectionism has a bad effect on physical health. C. Perfectionism is caused by high personal standard. D. Perfectionism is a risk factor for psychological disorders. 15. What does the author think of perfectionism? A. It’s hard for people to get rid of it. B. It drives people to achieve success. C. It’s more of a strength than a weakness. D. It inevitably leads to mental problems. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Tired of traditional chlorinated (含氯的) pools? Consider a salt water pool, a popular trend in recent years. A salt water pool is a type of swimming pool that uses a salt chlorine generator to produce its own supply of chlorine. This means instead of manually adding harsh (刺激性的) chemicals to a pool, the generator changes salt into chlorine and releases it into the water as needed. ___16___ They still contain levels of chlorine and other minerals, but the amount is significantly low. What sets salt water pools apart from their traditional counterparts? With traditional chlorine pools, owners must monitor and adjust chemical levels regularly to maintain proper balance-too much or too little can cause major problems for swimmers. ___17___ With a salt water system set up in the pool, one doesn’t have to spend as much time testing and adjusting chemical levels. The generator automatically produces enough chlorine based on the pool’s size. ___18___ Have you ever been in a traditional chlorine pool any home out with red, irritated (刺痒的) skin or burning eyes? ___19___ Salt water pools, however, use a saltwater chlorination system that produces natural chlorine to treat the water, which is kinder to the skin and eyes. Plus, minerals like magnesium and potassium in salt water pools can benefit the skin. ___20___ Salt water pools require fewer chemical additions and result in lower chlorine byproduct emissions. Since there’s no need for chemical storage, there’s less risk of accidents or spills. A You’ll leave a salt water pool feeling refreshed. B. Switching to salt water pools is also eco-friendly. C. This can be quite exhausting and time-consuming. D. It’s no secret that chlorine can be harsh on the body. E. However, salt water pools are not completely chemical-free. F. So one doesn’t have to worry about the strong smell of chlorine. G. It’s like having an assistant manage the affairs while you just enjoy yourself! 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A，B，C，D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Welcome to the Restaurant of Mistaken Orders. In this Tokyo eatery, the waiters and waitresses have one thing ___21___: They all have dementia, a mental disease that affects the ability to think, remember, and behave normally. It’s a ___22___ thing for them to mix things up, bring the wrong dish, misunderstand what a customer requests or ___23___ the glass of water they were meant to deliver to some table. Yet, a reported 99 percent of customers love their experiences and are ___24___ by their interaction with the staff. While Japan is one of the countries that have highest life expectancy in the world, according to the OECD, the proportion of its population that ___25___ diseases like dementia is among the highest in the world. Two out of three Japanese people affected by dementia live at home and tend to be isolated, which ___26___ the condition. Shiro Oguni created the Restaurant of Mistaken Orders. He has a (n) ___27___ of making society in Japan and elsewhere more ___28___, tolerant and relaxed about dementia, as the restaurant’s website explains. However, Oguni has a broader goal: restoring ___29___ to his workers and giving hack their sense of ____30____ purpose, which is often taken away from seniors. It seems that Oguni is already ____31____ his goals. Now there’s a similar UK cafe ____32____ by volunteers with dementia. A similar edition of the Restaurant of Mistaken Orders was introduced at a Chinese eatery in Japan. The ____33____ here, as the website reveals, is not just to let employees sample the concept, but also to help ____34____ a society where people can live with peace of mind even if they have ____35____. 21. A. in vain B. on purpose C. in common D. on end 22. A. regular B. sensitive C. tough D. precious 23. A. deliver B. drink C. touch D. smell 24. A. shocked B. confused C. inspired D. permitted 25. A. suffers from B. weighs up C. checks out D. looks into 26. A. refreshes B. improves C. reflects D. worsens 27. A. path B. aspect C. image D. vision 28 A. well-behaved B. mild C. traditional D. open-minded 29. A. health B. dignity C. energy D. nationality 30. A. political B. natural C. social D. medical 31. A. imagining B. realizing C. scoring D. appreciating 32. A. rented B. booked C. staffed D. designed 33 A. intention B. resource C. fantasy D. definition 34. A. protest B. leave C. control D. establish 35. A. requests B. diseases C. divisions D. budgets 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 If New Year’s Eve had an official song, it would be Auld Lang Syne. Every year, just after the clock strikes midnight, many people around the world will sing this beloved song. Why is Auld Lang Syne a New Year’s tradition? From its beginning as an 18th-century Scottish poem ____36____ its popularity today, Auld Lang Syne always____37____（carry）the spirit of the holiday. The song is actually a poem written by Robert Burns in 1788. Traditionally ____38____（consider）Scotland’s national poet, Burns raised the country’s national awareness by writing it in the dying-out Scots language. In English, “auld lang syne” ____39____ （rough）means “times long past”. The song tells of old friends meeting after time apart. Although Burns’ version is the only one we know today, there were also some earlier ____40____（version）of the poem, ____41____ （include）Allan Ramsay’s from 1724. Burns’ version ____42____ (inspire) by an old man’s singing. Burns was not satisfied with his version of the poem’s ____43____（origin）tune and dismissed it. So between 1799 and 1801, George Thomson composed ____44____ different tune for the song. It’s the one we sing today. With its emphasis on friendship and parting, Auld Lang Syne expresses the spirit of New Year’s Eve, _____45_____ is saying goodbye to one year so that another can begin. 第四部分 写作（共两小节，满分35分） 第一节 应用文写作 （满分15分） 46. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你和你校交换生Jim准备联合参加学校组织的校园文创设计大赛(Campus Cultural and Creative Design Competition), 请给Jim发邮件，内容包括： 1. 分享你的创意; 2. 询问Jim的建议。 注意：1. 词数100左右; 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I sat down at one of the break room tables to eat my lunch and made my usual call to my father. “Hi, beautiful!” He answered the phone as he always did — with a compliment. “Hi, Dad! How is your day going?” I inquired. “Just another day at the shop. Brake job and oil change now. How about you?” “Same, just another day,” I replied. “Oh, I got you a present from work today!” he exclaimed, with great enthusiasm in his voice. “I just know you will love it.” “Love you, too, Dad. Excited to see my gift soon!” I exclaimed before we hung up. When I got home, my dad was as giddy (激动不已的) as he could be about the gift he had gotten me from work. I was excited yet curious at the same time; after all, my dad was a mechanic. What kind of gift would he have gotten for me from one of his tool vendors? He had me cover my eyes, and when I opened them, he handed me a black, square bag. I unzipped it and did not understand what was inside. “Uh, what is it?” “It’s a jumper box!” he exclaimed. “You charge it, and then you can keep it in your car. If your battery ever dies, you don’t need jumper cables and another car to start yours. This will jump your battery for you, all by itself!” He was toggling (切换) and maneuvering (转动) the device around, explaining to me how it worked, just like a child showing me a new toy at Christmas. “It’s already all charged up. I charged it at work today. Come outside, and I will show you how it works!” Just then, my telephone rang. “I’ll be right out, Dad!” I ran away to answer the phone. It was my mother. “Hi, Mom. How are you?” I answered. I told her that I would call her back because I needed to learn about my gift. “A gift? How sweet. What did your dad get for you?” “It’s a jumper box that will start my car battery if it ever dies without needing jumper cables and another car,” I explained. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 “You don’t sound too excited about it.” ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ My mom surprised me with her wisdom. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 龙城高级中学（教育集团）2024-2025学年第一学期 高三年级11月联考英语试题 本试卷共8页，卷面满分120分。考试用时120分钟。 注意事项： 1. 答题前，考生首先检查答题卡是否整洁无缺损；考生务必用规定的笔将自己的班级、姓名和座位号填写在答题卡指定的位置上。同时，将监考教师发放的条形码正向准确粘贴在答题卡的贴条形码区。请保持条形码整洁、不污损。 2. 选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案；不能答在试卷上。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 4. 请保持答题卡的整洁，不折叠、不破损。考试结束后，将答题卡交回。 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A，B，C，D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A As any gardener knows, nature doesn’t need much space to grow strong and healthy — give her an inch, and she’ll take a mile! Here are four impressive examples of nature reclaiming (开发利用) our world for itself with amazing results. Houtouwan, China It lies on the island of Shengshan Town on the furthermost edge of a group of islands. The only way to get there is by private boat, or by bus, and then by ship. Its isolation (隔绝) was one of the prime factors leading to the abandonment of the village in the 1990s. Now, its walls and streets become green with overgrowth. Spreepark, Germany Spreepark was closed in 2001 and the local plant life soon got to work. Structures in use since the park originally opened in 1969 were quickly covered by leaves. Now, an initiative aims to bring the site back to life. Vallone dei Mulini, Italy Its high humidity (湿度) encouraged a microclimate perfect for plant growth. As the abandoned buildings fell apart, the ruins and their surroundings became completely overgrown. Photographs taken of the site in 2006 went widespread online. Beng Mealea, Cambodia Though constructed around 900 years ago, this grand temple is far less frequented than its more famous neighbour, Angkor Wat. In 2020, it was submitted for consideration as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Natural decline, among other factors, has caused serious damage to the site, allowing the surrounding jungle to overrun and combine with it. 1. What mainly caused Houtouwan’s abandonment? A. Its wet climate. B. The overgrowth of plants. C. Its separate location. D. The aging of walls and streets. 2. Which place once became popular online? A. Houtouwan. B. Spreepark. C. Vallone dei Mulini. D. Beng Mealea. 3. What feature do the four places share? A. They are World Heritage Sites. B. They are being taken back by nature. C. They are nearly 1,000 years old. D. They are regaining their original state. 【答案】1. C 2. C 3. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个被大自然重新开发利用的地方。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Its isolation (隔绝) was one of the prime factors leading to the abandonment of the village in the 1990s.(与世隔绝是导致该村在20世纪90年代被遗弃的主要因素之一)”可知，后头湾被遗弃的主要原因是它与世隔绝的位置。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Photographs taken of the site in 2006 went widespread online.( 2006年拍摄的这个地方的照片在网上广为流传)”可知，Vallone dei Mulini曾经在网上很受欢迎。故选C。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。细节理解题。根据第二段“Its isolation (隔绝) was one of the prime factors leading to the abandonment of the village in the 1990s. Now, its walls and streets become green with overgrowth.(与世隔绝是导致该村在20世纪90年代被遗弃的主要因素之一。现在，它的墙壁和街道因杂草丛生而变得绿色)”；第三段“Spreepark was closed in 2001 and the local plant life soon got to work. Structures in use since the park originally opened in 1969 were quickly covered by leaves. Now, an initiative aims to bring the site back to life.( Spreepark于2001年关闭，当地的植物很快就开始工作了。自1969年公园开放以来，使用的建筑很快就被树叶覆盖了。现在，一项倡议旨在使该遗址恢复生机)”；第四段“As the abandoned buildings fell apart, the ruins and their surroundings became completely overgrown.(随着被遗弃的建筑物倒塌，废墟及其周围变得完全杂草丛生)”以及最后一段“Natural decline, among other factors, has caused serious damage to the site, allowing the surrounding jungle to overrun and combine with it.(自然衰退，以及其他因素，对遗址造成了严重的破坏，使周围的丛林泛滥并与之相结合)”可知，这四个地方的共同之处在于都被大自然收回了。故选B。 B Like many new graduates, I left university full of hope for the future but with no real idea of what I wanted to do. My degree, with honors, in English literature had not really prepared me for anything practical. I knew I wanted to make a difference in the world somehow, but I had no idea how to do that. That’s when I learned about the Lighthouse Project. I started my journey as a Lighthouse Project volunteer by reading as much as I could about the experiences of previous volunteers. I knew it would be a lot of hard work, and that I would be away from my family and friends for a very long time. In short, I did not take my decision to apply for the Lighthouse Project lightly. Neither did my family. Eventually, however, I won the support of my family, and I sent in all the paperwork needed for the application. After countless interviews and presentations, I managed to stand out among the candidates and survive the test alone. Several months later, I finally received a call asking me to report for duty. I would be going to a small village near Abuja, Nigeria. Where? What? Nigeria? I had no idea. But I was about to find out. After completing my training, I was sent to the village that was small and desperately in need of proper accommodation. Though the local villagers were poor, they offered their homes, food, and hearts as if I were their own family. I was asked to lead a small team of local people in building a new schoolhouse. For the next year or so, I taught in that same schoolhouse. But I sometimes think I learned more from my students than they did from me. Sometime during that period, I realized that all those things that had seemed so strange or unusual to me no longer did, though I did not get anywhere with the local language, and returned to the United States a different man. The Lighthouse Project had changed my life forever. 4. Why did the writer enter for the Lighthouse Project? A. Because his major was connected with it. B. Because he was extremely familiar with it. C. Because he wanted to make the world a better place. D. Because new graduates had to work for it after graduation. 5. How was the writer’s application process? A. Awkward. B. Complex. C. Entertaining. D. Effortless. 6. What did the writer do in the village? A. Working as a teacher. B. Helping villagers build hospitals. C. Raising money for his students. D. Inviting locals to enter his Project. 7. Which can be the best title of the text? A. A Life-changing Voluntary Experience B. The Memorable and Rewarding life in Abuja C. Lighthouse Project—The Promise of African Education D. Lighthouse Project—a Volunteer Organization for New Graduates 【答案】4. C 5. B 6. A 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要讲述的是作者从事“灯塔计划”志愿者的经历以及作者的感悟。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据首段“I knew I wanted to make a difference in the world somehow, but I had no idea how to do that. That’s when I learned about the Lighthouse Project.(我知道我想以某种方式改变世界，但我不知道该怎么做。那时我才知道了灯塔计划。)”可知，作者大学毕业后想要有所作为，但又苦于无从做起，于是选择了 Lighthouse Project。故选C项。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Eventually, however, I won the support of my family, and I sent in all the paperwork needed for the application. After countless interviews and presentations, I managed to stand out among the candidates and survive the test alone.(然而，最终，我赢得了家人的支持，我递交了申请所需的所有文件。经过无数的面试和陈述，我成功地从众多候选人中脱颖而出，独自通过了考试。)”和第四段“After completing my training, I was sent to the village that was small and desperately in need of proper accommodation.(完成训练后，我被送到一个非常需要适当住所的小村庄。)”可知，作者从申请到最终被录取需要提交文件、多次的面试和演讲、测试和培训，可谓时间长，环节多，由此可知，作者申请的过程相当复杂。故选B项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“I was asked to lead a small team of local people in building a new schoolhouse. For the next year or so, I taught in that same schoolhouse.(我被要求带领一小队当地人建造一所新校舍。在接下来的一年左右的时间里，我在同一所学校教书。)”可知，作者帮助村民建学校，并在那里教书。故选A项。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据尾段中的“The Lighthouse Project had changed my life forever.(灯塔计划永远地改变了我的生活。)”可知，作者毕业后加入Lighthouse Project这一组织，经培训后被派往非洲尼日尼亚的一个乡村支教，虽然那里生活和工作条件艰苦，但是那里的人们善良且友好，朝夕相处中，作者了解了那里的人、事、物，自己也发生了改变，这段志愿支教经历对作者的人生产生了深远的影响，由此可知，标题“改变人生的志愿经历”概括了文章的内容，适合作为最佳标题。故选A项。 C The farms of the future may look very different from that of today. That’s because farms do not have to be outside anymore. They also won’t have to be above ground. In London, 100 feet below the streets there was a huge empty space. Richard Ballard and Steven Dring, founders of the company Growing Underground, thought it would be an ideal spot to build a hydroponic (水栽) farm. After all, these types of farms are doing well in other indoor spaces. Founded in 2015, Growing Underground’s farm grows microgreens and salad leaves using hydroponic technology that grows plants in water but not soil. In fact, the company said that its hydroponic technology allows for the perfect pest-free growing environment. These methods use about 70 percent water less than traditional field agriculture and all the nutrients are kept within a closed circle system. They can grow the greens all year round because they are not affected by weather or growing seasons. But it is the LED lighting system that is the key to growing food underground. Ballard said, “Already, LEDs allow the growers to change the flavor of the greens, as their sugars and starches develop differently under different light spectrums (光谱).” Right now, the company only sells greens with a lot of leaves because they are the only crops that grow fast enough to be economically feasible but Ballard believes that will change. “As technologies improve, you’ll see soft fruits, cucumbers, peppers,” he said. The company’s goal is to keep food local. They say that all of the greens can be in your kitchen within four hours of being picked. They currently sell to local restaurants in London, but they hope to be entering the local groceries soon. 8. What makes the underground farm possible? A. The rich soil. B. The great demand for fruits. C. The hydroponic technology. D. The good weather condition. 9. What is the function of the LED lighting system? A. To get rid of pests. B. To increase the temperature of underground farm. C. To allow greens to grow rapidly. D. To provide various light spectrums. 10. What does the underlined word “feasible” in Paragraph 5 probably mean? A. Difficult. B. Challenged. C. Impossible. D. Achievable. 11. What does the company expect of the underground farm? A. It’ll benefit more customers. B. It’ll be environment-friendly. C. It’ll keep food fresher for longer. D. It’ll use the latest technology. 【答案】8. C 9. D 10. D 11. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。Growing Underground公司使用水培技术在地下打造种植农场。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“In fact, the company said that its hydroponic technology allows for the perfect pest-free growing environment.(事实上，该公司表示，其水培技术可以提供完美的无害虫的生长环境)”可知，在地下农场中使用水培技术可以打造无害虫的植物生长环境。由此推知，正是水培技术使得地下农场成为可能。故选C项。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Already, LEDs allow the growers to change the flavor of the greens, as their sugars and starches develop differently under different light spectrums.(LED已经可以让种植者改变绿色蔬菜的味道，因为它们的糖和淀粉在不同的光谱下发育不同。)”可推知，LED照明系统为地下农场提供了多样化的光谱，让糖分和淀粉在不同的光谱下发生不同的变化，从而改变绿色蔬菜的味道。故选D项。 【10题详解】 词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“the company only sells greens with a lot of leaves because they are the only crops that grow fast enough...”可知，该公司目前仅销售多叶的绿色蔬菜，这是因为它们长得足够快，再结合常识和副词economically可推知，销售长得快的蔬菜是为了实现经济上的可行性。划线词feasible与achievable意思相近，指“可实现的，可行的”。故选D项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“They currently sell to local restaurants in London, but they hope to be entering the local groceries soon.(他们目前在伦敦当地的餐馆销售，但他们希望很快进入当地的杂货店。)”可推知，公司希望地下农场生产处的蔬菜能够在更多的地方普及，从而能够惠及更多客户。故选A项。 D “So, Mr. Albert, you’ve told us about your strengths but what about your weaknesses?” It’s a common interview question. To which a classic humblebrag (谦虚自夸) reply is, “Well. I must admit that I’m a bit of a perfectionist.” After all, what company wouldn’t want to employ somebody who seeks perfection? But it turns out that there is a profound difference between high-achievers and perfectionists. In a cruel irony, the perfectionist traits could actually prevent someone from achieving their full potential. The roots of perfectionism actually lie in a deep desire to feel perfect. Most often a perfectionist personality is formed in reaction to some form of childhood trauma. For example, following her parents’ divorce, a young girl might strive to always be good, to always be perfect because at some level she believes that it must have been her fault that her parents separated. So as long as she is perfect, nothing so terrible would happen again. Given such origins, it appears that the thinking and emotional styles associated with perfectionism are particularly dangerous to mental health. Think of the harshest and merciless perfectionists you know. They always, always, always find fault. Their cognitive (认知) styles include all-or-nothing thinking, where only perfection is seen as an acceptable result; fear of failure, where a perfectionist is driven by fear rather than pulled by the prospect of success in their endeavors; defensiveness in the face of constructive criticism. All of these seem to be linked to a wide range of psychological problems including eating disorders, anxiety and depression, and even suicide. Changing this mindset is the key to treating the condition when it becomes a disorder but it is difficult to achieve. Perfectionists are essentially in an abusive relationship with themselves. It’s hard enough to withdraw from abusive relationships with others. How much harder is it when you yourself are the abuser? So perhaps a better answer to the interview question posed at the start of this article would be, “I used to be a perfectionist but now I’m well on the road to recovery.” 12. Why does the author mention the interview question in paragraph 1? A. To provide an example. B. To introduce the topic. C. To support the argument. D. To attract the readers’ interest. 13. Who will most probably become a perfectionist? A. A high- achiever. B. A person who always finds fault. C. An overconfident man. D. A son of a violent alcoholic father. 14. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A. Perfectionism often has three different types. B. Perfectionism has a bad effect on physical health. C. Perfectionism is caused by high personal standard. D. Perfectionism is a risk factor for psychological disorders. 15. What does the author think of perfectionism? A. It’s hard for people to get rid of it. B. It drives people to achieve success. C. It’s more of a strength than a weakness. D. It inevitably leads to mental problems. 【答案】12. B 13. D 14. D 15. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了完美主义的特质实际上可能会阻碍一个人充分发挥自己的潜力，解释了完美主义发生的原因以及对心理造成的危险。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段““So, Mr. Albert, you’ve told us about your strengths but what about your weaknesses?” It’s a common interview question. To which a classic humblebrag (谦虚自夸) reply is, “Well. I must admit that I’m a bit of a perfectionist.” After all, what company wouldn’t want to employ somebody who seeks perfection? But it turns out that there is a profound difference between high-achievers and perfectionists. In a cruel irony, the perfectionist traits could actually prevent someone from achieving their full potential.(“那么，艾伯特先生，你已经告诉了我们你的优点，那么你的缺点呢？”这是一个常见的面试问题。一个典型的谦虚自夸的回答是，“嗯。我必须承认我是一个完美主义者。”毕竟，哪家公司不想雇用追求完美的人呢？但事实证明，高成就者和完美主义者之间存在着深刻的差异。具有残酷讽刺意味的是，完美主义的特质实际上可能会阻碍一个人充分发挥自己的潜力)”可知，作者在第一段提到了面试问题是为了引入话题。故选B。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Most often a perfectionist personality is formed in reaction to some form of childhood trauma. For example, following her parents’ divorce, a young girl might strive to always be good, to always be perfect because at some level she believes that it must have been her fault that her parents separated. So as long as she is perfect, nothing so terrible would happen again.(大多数情况下，完美主义人格的形成是对某种形式的童年创伤的反应。例如，在父母离婚后，一个年轻女孩可能会努力做个好人，做个完美的人，因为在某种程度上，她相信父母离婚一定是她的错。所以只要她是完美的，那么可怕的事情就不会再发生了)”可推知，暴力酗酒父亲的儿子最有可能成为完美主义者。故选D。 【14题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第三段“Given such origins, it appears that the thinking and emotional styles associated with perfectionism are particularly dangerous to mental health. Think of the harshest and merciless perfectionists you know. They always, always, always find fault. Their cognitive (认知) styles include all-or-nothing thinking, where only perfection is seen as an acceptable result; fear of failure, where a perfectionist is driven by fear rather than pulled by the prospect of success in their endeavors; defensiveness in the face of constructive criticism. All of these seem to be linked to a wide range of psychological problems including eating disorders, anxiety and depression, and even suicide.(考虑到这些原因，似乎与完美主义相关的思维和情感风格对心理健康尤其危险。想想你所知道的最苛刻、最无情的完美主义者。他们总是，总是，总是吹毛求疵。他们的认知风格包括全有或全无的思维，只有完美才被视为可接受的结果；对失败的恐惧，完美主义者是被恐惧所驱使，而不是被成功的前景所牵引;面对建设性批评时的防御。所有这些似乎都与一系列心理问题有关，包括饮食失调、焦虑和抑郁，甚至自杀)”可知，第三段主要讲了完美主义是心理障碍的危险因素。故选D。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Changing this mindset is the key to treating the condition when it becomes a disorder but it is difficult to achieve. (改变这种心态是治疗这种疾病的关键，但这很难实现)”可推知，作者认为人们很难摆脱完美主义。故选A。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Tired of traditional chlorinated (含氯的) pools? Consider a salt water pool, a popular trend in recent years. A salt water pool is a type of swimming pool that uses a salt chlorine generator to produce its own supply of chlorine. This means instead of manually adding harsh (刺激性的) chemicals to a pool, the generator changes salt into chlorine and releases it into the water as needed. ___16___ They still contain levels of chlorine and other minerals, but the amount is significantly low. What sets salt water pools apart from their traditional counterparts? With traditional chlorine pools, owners must monitor and adjust chemical levels regularly to maintain proper balance-too much or too little can cause major problems for swimmers. ___17___ With a salt water system set up in the pool, one doesn’t have to spend as much time testing and adjusting chemical levels. The generator automatically produces enough chlorine based on the pool’s size. ___18___ Have you ever been in a traditional chlorine pool any home out with red, irritated (刺痒的) skin or burning eyes? ___19___ Salt water pools, however, use a saltwater chlorination system that produces natural chlorine to treat the water, which is kinder to the skin and eyes. Plus, minerals like magnesium and potassium in salt water pools can benefit the skin. ___20___ Salt water pools require fewer chemical additions and result in lower chlorine byproduct emissions. Since there’s no need for chemical storage, there’s less risk of accidents or spills. A. You’ll leave a salt water pool feeling refreshed. B. Switching to salt water pools is also eco-friendly. C. This can be quite exhausting and time-consuming. D. It’s no secret that chlorine can be harsh on the body. E. However, salt water pools are not completely chemical-free. F. So one doesn’t have to worry about the strong smell of chlorine. G. It’s like having an assistant manage the affairs while you just enjoy yourself! 【答案】16. E 17. C 18. G 19. D 20. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了盐水泳池及其相对于传统的含氯泳池的优点。 【16题详解】 根据后文“They still contain levels of chlorine and other minerals, but the amount is significantly low.(它们仍然含有氯和其他矿物质，但含量很低)”可知，空后一句盐水泳池仍然含有氯和其他矿物质，可知此处需要一个句子表示转折，提供了一个重要的澄清，即盐水泳池并不是完全不含化学物质。故E选项“然而，盐水池并非完全没有化学物质”符合语境，故选E。 【17题详解】 根据上文“What sets salt water pools apart from their traditional counterparts? With traditional chlorine pools, owners must monitor and adjust chemical levels regularly to maintain proper balance-too much or too little can cause major problems for swimmers.(是什么让盐水池与传统的同类水池区别开来？对于传统的含氯泳池，业主必须定期监测和调整化学物质的含量，以保持适当的平衡——过多或过少都会给游泳者带来严重的问题)”可知，空前一句提到传统氯池需要定期监测和调整化学水平，故本句承接上文说明这一做法的利弊。故C选项“这很累人，也很耗时”符合语境，故选C。 【18题详解】 根据上文“With a salt water system set up in the pool, one doesn’t have to spend as much time testing and adjusting chemical levels. The generator automatically produces enough chlorine based on the pool’s size.(在游泳池里安装了盐水系统，人们就不必花那么多时间测试和调整化学物质的含量。发生器根据池的大小自动产生足够的氯)”可知，上文提到盐水池系统安装后，人们不必花费同样多的时间测试和调整化学水平，发生器会根据泳池大小自动产生足够的氯，此处需要一个句子来说明盐水池系统的好处。故G选项“这就像让一个助理处理事务，而你只管尽情享受！”符合语境，故选G。 【19题详解】 根据上文“Have you ever been in a traditional chlorine pool any home out with red, irritated(刺痒的) skin or burning eyes?( 你是否曾经在传统的氯池中，或者在家里发现皮肤发红、过敏或眼睛灼热？)”可知，空前一句提到在传统氯池中游泳后，人们可能会感到皮肤发红、刺痛或眼睛灼痛，因此可以推断氯对人体有刺激作用。又根据后文“Salt water pools, however, use a saltwater chlorination system that produces natural chlorine to treat the water, which is kinder to the skin and eyes. Plus, minerals like magnesium and potassium in salt water pools can benefit the skin.(然而，盐水池使用的是一种能产生天然氯的盐水氯化系统来处理水，这对皮肤和眼睛更友好。此外，盐水池中的镁和钾等矿物质对皮肤有益)”提到盐水泳池使用的是盐水加氯系统，该系统产生天然氯来消毒水质，这对皮肤和眼睛更为温和，前后形成对比，故D选项“氯对身体有害已经不是什么秘密了”符合语境，故选D。 【20题详解】 根据本段内容“Salt water pools require fewer chemical additions and result in lower chlorine byproduct emissions. Since there’s no need for chemical storage, there’s less risk of accidents or spills.(咸水池需要较少的化学添加剂，导致较少的氯副产品排放。由于不需要化学储存，事故或泄漏的风险就会降低)”可知，本段主要说明了盐水泳池对环境友好，故B选项“改用咸水池也是环保的”符合语境，故选B。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A，B，C，D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Welcome to the Restaurant of Mistaken Orders. In this Tokyo eatery, the waiters and waitresses have one thing ___21___: They all have dementia, a mental disease that affects the ability to think, remember, and behave normally. It’s a ___22___ thing for them to mix things up, bring the wrong dish, misunderstand what a customer requests or ___23___ the glass of water they were meant to deliver to some table. Yet, a reported 99 percent of customers love their experiences and are ___24___ by their interaction with the staff. While Japan is one of the countries that have highest life expectancy in the world, according to the OECD, the proportion of its population that ___25___ diseases like dementia is among the highest in the world. Two out of three Japanese people affected by dementia live at home and tend to be isolated, which ___26___ the condition. Shiro Oguni created the Restaurant of Mistaken Orders. He has a (n) ___27___ of making society in Japan and elsewhere more ___28___, tolerant and relaxed about dementia, as the restaurant’s website explains. However, Oguni has a broader goal: restoring ___29___ to his workers and giving hack their sense of ____30____ purpose, which is often taken away from seniors. It seems that Oguni is already ____31____ his goals. Now there’s a similar UK cafe ____32____ by volunteers with dementia. A similar edition of the Restaurant of Mistaken Orders was introduced at a Chinese eatery in Japan. The ____33____ here, as the website reveals, is not just to let employees sample the concept, but also to help ____34____ a society where people can live with peace of mind even if they have ____35____. 21. A. in vain B. on purpose C. in common D. on end 22. A. regular B. sensitive C. tough D. precious 23. A. deliver B. drink C. touch D. smell 24. A. shocked B. confused C. inspired D. permitted 25. A. suffers from B. weighs up C. checks out D. looks into 26. A. refreshes B. improves C. reflects D. worsens 27. A. path B. aspect C. image D. vision 28. A. well-behaved B. mild C. traditional D. open-minded 29. A. health B. dignity C. energy D. nationality 30. A. political B. natural C. social D. medical 31. A. imagining B. realizing C. scoring D. appreciating 32. A. rented B. booked C. staffed D. designed 33. A. intention B. resource C. fantasy D. definition 34. A. protest B. leave C. control D. establish 35. A. requests B. diseases C. divisions D. budgets 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. A 26. D 27. D 28. D 29. B 30. C 31. B 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了日本一家名为“误单餐厅”的餐馆，其服务员均为痴呆症患者，该餐厅的创始人Shiro Oguni希望提高社会对痴呆症的包容性，恢复员工尊严和社会目标感，这一理念也被其他餐饮经营者采用，旨在建立一个对疾病更为包容的社会。 【21题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：在东京的这家餐馆里，男女服务员有一个共同点：他们都患有痴呆症，这是一种影响思考、记忆和正常行为能力的精神疾病。A. in vain徒劳；B. on purpose故意；C. in common共同的；D. on end连续。根据下文“They all have dementia, a mental disease that affects the ability to think, remember, and behave normally.”可知，这些服务员都患有痴呆症，有一个共同点，短语have… in common意为“有共同之处”。故选C。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们经常会把东西弄混，端错菜，误解顾客的要求，或者把本该端到某桌的水喝了。A. regular经常的；B. sensitive敏感的；C. tough坚韧的；D. precious珍贵的。根据上文“They all have dementia, a mental disease that affects the ability to think, remember, and behave normally.”可知，这些服务员都患有痴呆症，他们的思考、记忆和正常行为能力受到影响，因此发生这些错误是经常的事情。故选A。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们经常会把东西弄混，端错菜，误解顾客的要求，或者把本该端到某桌的水喝了。A. deliver递送；B. drink喝；C. touch触摸；D. smell闻。根据上文“They all have dementia, a mental disease that affects the ability to think, remember, and behave normally.”可知，这些服务员都患有痴呆症，他们的思考、记忆和正常行为能力受到影响，再结合下文“the glass of water they were meant to deliver to some table”可推知，他们可能会把本该端到某桌的水喝了。故选B。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，据报道，99%的顾客喜欢他们的体验，并被他们与员工的互动所鼓舞。A. shocked使震惊；B. confused使困惑；C. inspired鼓舞；D. permitted允许。根据上文“Yet, a reported 99 percent of customers love their experiences”可知，此处有转折，虽然这是一家会误单的餐厅，但是绝大部分顾客的体验是正向的，因此是被他们与员工的互动所鼓舞。故选C。 【25题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：根据经合组织的数据，虽然日本是世界上预期寿命最长的国家之一，但其患痴呆症等疾病的人口比例是世界上最高的。A. suffers from患有；B. weighs up权衡；C. checks out结账；D. looks into调查。根据上文“the proportion of its population that”和下文“diseases like dementia is among the highest in the world”可推知，此处是介绍日本的患痴呆症等疾病的人口比例。故选A。 26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在日本，每3名痴呆症患者中就有2人住在家里，而且往往与世隔绝，这让痴呆症病情恶化。A. refreshes刷新；B. improves改善；C. reflects反映；D. worsens使恶化。根据上文“Two out of three Japanese people affected by dementia live at home and tend to be isolated”可知，住在家里，而且与世隔绝的情况会让痴呆症患者的情况恶化。故选D。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：正如餐厅网站上解释的那样，他的愿景是让日本和其他地方的社会对痴呆症更加开放、宽容和放松。A. path路径；B. aspect方面；C. image形象；D. vision愿景。根据下文“Oguni has a broader goal”可推知，此处是介绍餐厅创建者Shiro Oguni的基本愿景。故选D。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：正如餐厅网站上解释的那样，他的愿景是让日本和其他地方的社会对痴呆症更加开放、宽容和放松。A. well-behaved行为良好的；B. mild温和的；C. traditional传统的；D. open-minded思想开放的。根据上文提到的这家餐厅的服务员都患有痴呆症，以及下文“tolerant and relaxed about dementia”可推知，餐厅创建者Shiro Oguni是希望发生积极的转变，让让日本和其他地方的社会对痴呆症更加开放、宽容和放松。故选D。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，Oguni有一个更广泛的目标：恢复他的员工的尊严，并赋予他们社会目标感，这往往是老年人所没有的。A. health健康；B. dignity尊严；C. energy能量；D. nationality国籍。根据上文“They all have dementia, a mental disease that affects the ability to think, remember, and behave normally.”可知，痴呆症患者的思考、记忆和正常行为能力受到影响，因此尊严也会受到影响，这个更广泛的目标则是恢复他的员工的尊严。故选B。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，Oguni有一个更广泛的目标：恢复他的员工的尊严，并赋予他们社会目标感，这往往是老年人所没有的。A. political政治的；B. natural自然的；C. social社会的；D. medical医学的。根据上文提到的这家餐厅雇佣患有痴呆症的服务员，以及“their interaction with the staff”可推知，餐厅为这些员工提供了与顾客互动的机会，赋予了他们社会目标感。故选C。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：看来Oguni已经实现了他的目标。A. imagining想象；B. realizing实现；C. scoring得分；D. appreciating欣赏。根据下文“Now there’s a similar UK cafe ___12___ by volunteers with dementia. A similar edition of the Restaurant of Mistaken Orders was introduced at a Chinese eatery in Japan.”可知，英国也有一家类似的咖啡馆，日本的一家中餐馆也推行类似的模式，因此看来Oguni已经实现了他的目标。故选B。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，英国也有一家类似的咖啡馆，雇佣的都是痴呆症志愿者。A. rented租用；B. booked预订；C. staffed雇佣；D. designed设计。根据上文“there’s a similar UK cafe”可知，英国这家咖啡馆与Shiro Oguni的餐厅类似，因此是雇佣痴呆症患者作为员工。故选C。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：正如该网站所示，此举意图不仅是让员工体验这一理念，而且是为了帮助建立一个人们即使患有疾病也能安心生活的社会。A. intention意图；B. resource资源；C. fantasy幻想；D. definition定义。根据下文“is not just to let employees sample the concept, but also to help”可推知，此处是介绍此举的意图。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：正如该网站所示，此举的意图不仅是让员工体验这一理念，而且是为了帮助建立一个人们即使患有疾病也能安心生活的社会。A. protest抗议；B. leave离开；C. control控制；D. establish建立。根据上文“A similar edition of the Restaurant of Mistaken Orders was introduced at a Chinese eatery in Japan.”可知，日本的一家中餐馆也推行类似的模式，因此是为了建立这样一个友好的社会。故选D。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：正如该网站所示，此举的意图不仅是让员工体验这一理念，而且是为了帮助建立一个人们即使患有疾病也能安心生活的社会。A. requests请求；B. diseases疾病；C. divisions部门；D. budgets预算。根据上文提到的这些饮食场所都雇佣痴呆症患者作为员工可知，此处指的是一个人们即使患有疾病也能安心生活的社会。故选B。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 If New Year’s Eve had an official song, it would be Auld Lang Syne. Every year, just after the clock strikes midnight, many people around the world will sing this beloved song. Why is Auld Lang Syne a New Year’s tradition? From its beginning as an 18th-century Scottish poem ____36____ its popularity today, Auld Lang Syne always____37____（carry）the spirit of the holiday. The song is actually a poem written by Robert Burns in 1788. Traditionally ____38____（consider）Scotland’s national poet, Burns raised the country’s national awareness by writing it in the dying-out Scots language. In English, “auld lang syne” ____39____ （rough）means “times long past”. The song tells of old friends meeting after time apart. Although Burns’ version is the only one we know today, there were also some earlier ____40____（version）of the poem, ____41____ （include）Allan Ramsay’s from 1724. Burns’ version ____42____ (inspire) by an old man’s singing. Burns was not satisfied with his version of the poem’s ____43____（origin）tune and dismissed it. So between 1799 and 1801, George Thomson composed ____44____ different tune for the song. It’s the one we sing today. With its emphasis on friendship and parting, Auld Lang Syne expresses the spirit of New Year’s Eve, _____45_____ is saying goodbye to one year so that another can begin. 【答案】36. to 37. carries 38. considered 39. roughly 40. versions 41. including 42. was inspired 43 original 44. a 45. which 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了这首承载着节日精神的歌曲《友谊地久天长》的历史由来。 【36题详解】 考查介词。句意：从最初作为18世纪的一首苏格兰诗歌开始，到今天广为流传，《友谊地久天长》这首歌始终承载着节日的精神。from…to…为固定短语，意为“从…到…”。故填to。 【37题详解】 考查动词时态及主谓一致。句意：从最初作为18世纪的一首苏格兰诗歌开始，到今天广为流传，《友谊地久天长》这首歌始终承载着节日的精神。根据整段的时态及时间标志词always，可知时态为一般现在时；再根据主语为单数，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填carries。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：通常，Burns被认为是苏格兰的民族诗人，他用即将消亡的苏格兰语写作这首诗歌，提高了苏格兰人民的民族意识。分析句子可知，raised为谓语动词，空处需填非谓语动词作状语，consider和逻辑主语Burns之间为动宾关系，需填过去分词形式。故填considered。 【39题详解】 考查副词。句意：在英语中，“auld lang syne”大致意思是“很久以前的时光”。分析句子可知，空处修饰动词means，需用副词形式。故填roughly。 【40题详解】 考查可数名词复数形式。句意：虽然Burns的版本是我们今天所知的唯一版本，但也有一些更早的版本，包括1724年Allan Ramsay的版本。根据句中“were”和“some”可知，此处需填可数名词的复数形式。故填versions。 【41题详解】 考查介词。句意：虽然Burns的版本是我们今天所知的唯一版本，但也有一些更早的版本，包括1724年Allan Ramsay的版本。根据后文“1724年Allan Ramsay的版本”这一名词可知，此空需填一个介词。故填including。 【42题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句意：Burns版本的灵感来自一位老人的歌声。分析句子成分，可知此句缺少一个谓语动词，时态为一般过去时，主语为单数形式；又根据by可知，这里表被动。综上，此空需填一般过去时的被动语态。故填was inspired。 【43题详解】 考查形容词。句意：Burns不满意他创作的这首诗的原调，就把它摒弃了。根据后文的tune可知，此空应填形容词修饰名词作定语。故填original。 【44题详解】 考查冠词。句意：所以在1799年到1801年之间，George Thomson为这首歌创作了一个不同的曲调。tune为可数名词，此处表示泛指，需用不定冠词a。故填a。 【45题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：《友谊地久天长》强调友谊和离别，表达了除夕夜的精神，即告别过去的一年，迎接新的一年。分析句子可知，此句为非限制性定语从句，从句缺少主语，先行词代指物，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。 第四部分 写作（共两小节，满分35分） 第一节 应用文写作 （满分15分） 46. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你和你校交换生Jim准备联合参加学校组织的校园文创设计大赛(Campus Cultural and Creative Design Competition), 请给Jim发邮件，内容包括： 1. 分享你的创意; 2. 询问Jim的建议。 注意：1. 词数100左右; 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Jim, How is it going? I’ve just had a “light bulb” moment for our entry in the upcoming Campus Cultural and Creative Design Competition, and I can’t wait to share it with you to get your thoughts. How about creating a series of bookmarks? On one side, we’ll have our school motto, and on the flip side, breathtaking illustrations showcase our campus throughout the four seasons. Each bookmark will capture a special moment or scene that perfectly reflects the essence of that particular season. I really think this idea not only nails the competition theme but also offers a practical yet visually stunning product that truly represents the spirit of our school. What do you think? Would love to hear your thoughts and any suggestions you might have! Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给Jim发邮件，介绍你参加校园文创设计大赛的创意。 【详解】1.词汇积累 比赛：competition→contest ……怎样：how about→what about 建议：suggestion→advice 本质：essence→nature 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Would love to hear your thoughts and any suggestions you might have! 拓展句：If you have any better thoughts or suggestions, don’t hesitate to contact me. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Each bookmark will capture a special moment or scene that perfectly reflects the essence of that particular season. (运用了that引导定语从句) [高分句型2] I really think this idea not only nails the competition theme but also offers a practical yet visually stunning product that truly represents the spirit of our school. (运用了not only…but also…句型) 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I sat down at one of the break room tables to eat my lunch and made my usual call to my father. “Hi, beautiful!” He answered the phone as he always did — with a compliment. “Hi, Dad! How is your day going?” I inquired. “Just another day at the shop. Brake job and oil change now. How about you?” “Same, just another day,” I replied. “Oh, I got you a present from work today!” he exclaimed, with great enthusiasm in his voice. “I just know you will love it.” “Love you, too, Dad. Excited to see my gift soon!” I exclaimed before we hung up. When I got home, my dad was as giddy (激动不已的) as he could be about the gift he had gotten me from work. I was excited yet curious at the same time; after all, my dad was a mechanic. What kind of gift would he have gotten for me from one of his tool vendors? He had me cover my eyes, and when I opened them, he handed me a black, square bag. I unzipped it and did not understand what was inside. “Uh, what is it?” “It’s a jumper box!” he exclaimed. “You charge it, and then you can keep it in your car. If your battery ever dies, you don’t need jumper cables and another car to start yours. This will jump your battery for you, all by itself!” He was toggling (切换) and maneuvering (转动) the device around, explaining to me how it worked, just like a child showing me a new toy at Christmas. “It’s already all charged up. I charged it at work today. Come outside, and I will show you how it works!” Just then, my telephone rang. “I’ll be right out, Dad!” I ran away to answer the phone. It was my mother. “Hi, Mom. How are you?” I answered. I told her that I would call her back because I needed to learn about my gift. “A gift? How sweet. What did your dad get for you?” “It’s a jumper box that will start my car battery if it ever dies without needing jumper cables and another car,” I explained. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 “You don’t sound too excited about it.” ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ My mom surprised me with her wisdom. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: “You don’t sound too excited about it.” “Well, I don’t really get it. I mean, I appreciate his gesture and excitement, but it’s just a car thing,” I responded. “Well, were you hoping for flowers? Or a necklace?” “No, you know I am not into all that.” “He is excited because this is his way of taking care of you,” said my mother. “This is a gift to give him a little peace of mind in making sure you are safe when he can’t be with you.” My mom surprised me with her wisdom. “You know, I never looked at it like that. Thanks, Mom. I will call back later. Love you!” “You are welcome. Love you, too!” My mom’s words sank in as I hung up the phone and went to join my dad. He started showing me how to use the battery pack and all I could do was smile and gaze at him. When the demonstration was over, I gave him the biggest hug. “I love you, Dad. Thank you so much. This is the best gift ever!” 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，主要讲述了女儿收到父亲送的一份特别礼物——汽车应急启动器，并通过母亲的智慧重新认识这份礼物的意义的故事。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“你听起来不是很兴奋啊。”可知，第一段可以描写女儿对父亲送的礼物感到困惑和不解，以及母亲对女儿态度的理解和开导。 ②由第二段首句内容“我的妈妈用她的智慧让我感到惊讶。”可知，第二段可以描写女儿在母亲的启发下重新认识到父亲的用心，表达对父亲的感激之情，并与父亲分享这一感悟。 2.续写线索：收到礼物——感到困惑——母亲开导——重新认识——表达感激——父女情深。 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①回答：respond/reply ②照顾：take care of/look after ③凝视：gaze at/stare at 情绪类 ①激动的：excited/thrilled ②希望得到：hope for/wish for 【点睛】【高分句型1】This is a gift to give him a little peace of mind in making sure you are safe when he can’t be with you.(make sure后运用了省略that的宾语从句和when引导的时间状语从句) 【高分句型2】My mom’s words sank in as I hung up the phone and went to join my dad.(运用了as引导的时间状语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$