专项4 阅读理解-人教版九年级全一册期末专项

原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 专项 4 阅读理解 Passage 1 Length: 4,132 miles (about 6,650 km) Location: Sudan, Egypt The Nile River is the longest river in the world. It’s known for being the lifeblood of Ancient Egypt and is still very important to Egypt today. This river is famous because it was a useful body of water in Ancient Egypt. Also, the Nile River is important for farming, transportation and drinking water. Length: 1,560 miles (about 2,511 km) Location: India Although it is not the largest river in Asia, the Ganges River is still well-known. This river has religious (宗教的) and cultural significance to Hindu people. Also, the river provides millions of people with water for farming. There are nearly 150 species of fish living there today. Other animals also live in and around it, like snakes and other reptiles. Length: 373 miles (about 600 km) Location: Australia You may not have ever heard of the Finke River in Australia. It’s not very long and it doesn’t even flow all the time. However, geologists (地质学家) have considered it as the oldest river in the world. That’s the reason why this river is well-known! Length: 3,977 miles (about 6,400 km) Location: Peru, Colombia, Brazil The Amazon River is the second-longest river in the world. But it has the largest discharge (流量) in the world, up to 209,000 m3 /second! The Congo River, with the second largest discharge, has only one fifth discharge of it! The Amazon River is also well-known for having no bridges crossing it. 1．Which is the longest river in the world? 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 2 A．The Amazon River. B．The Nile River. C．The Finke River. D．The Ganges River. 2．Being different from the other three rivers, the Ganges River ________. A．doesn’t provide water for farming B．doesn’t have religious significance C．has many species of fish and other animals D．has no bridges crossing it 3．Which of the following sentences is RIGHT? A．The Ganges River is not significant for Hindu people. B．The Finke River is famous for its history. C．There are two bridges crossing the Amazon River. D．All the rivers are long and flow all the time. 4．How large is the discharge of the Congo River? A．It’s about 41,800 /second. B．It’s about 125,400 /second. C．It’s about 209,000 /second. D．It’s about 1,045,000 /second. 5．In which column can you read this passage? A．Physics. B．Geography. C．Music. D．Language. Passage 2 In the year 2070, most of you will be more than 50 years old. The good news is that travel might become smarter by that time. To catch people’s eyes and increase the numbers of passengers, European airline (航空公司) easyJet has made some predictions and released (发布) easyJet 2070: The Future Travel Report. Let’s take a look at some mind-blowing ideas. Have a heartbeat passport. Paper passport will be a thing of the past. You will use “heartbeat passport” instead. According to experts, the machine will count how many times the heart beats in a minute, then it will tell who you are. It doesn’t work hard because everyone’s heart beats differently. Enjoy more comfortable flight. The seats on the plane are only one size, which can’t make passengers fulfilled. But in the future you’ll be able to book a seat according to your body type. The seat might even be able to cool or warm you if you want. There will also be no more screens on the back of the seats. A special light from the seat could show the latest movies straight in front of your eyes. Bring history back to life. If you like to visit great places of interest, the AR glasses will help you enjoy the journey. By wearing the AR glasses, you can see what happened at a historic place, such as a famous battle (战役). You may even be able to sit among the cheering people at the first 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 3 Olympic Games. Are you looking forward to having those changes in the year 2070? What other changes do you think about during the flight? 6．What’s the purpose of making easyJet 2070? A．To develop the airline history. B．To show the latest technology of the company. C．To get more passengers to take the planes. D．To change what the airplanes look like. 7．What does the underlined word “fulfilled” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Uncomfortable. B．Worried. C．Painful. D．Satisfied. 8．What will Mr. Smith enjoy if he starts the travel in easyJet 2070? A．He will check in at the airport by a paper passport. B．He won’t be able to choose a cool seat in the airplane. C．He is going to enjoy wonderful food and drinks for free. D．He can watch how German started the World War Ⅱ in the world. 9．Which of the following is probably the structure (结构) of the passage? A． B． C． D． 10．What’s the passage mainly talking about? A．When to have the comfortable travel experience. B．What to enjoy during the travel in the future. C．Where to take the easyJet 2070. D．How to watch the historic events in the flight. Passage 3 Museums in China are making cultural and creative products to meet the needs of young people. There’s everything from food and toys to daily-use things and clothing. Let’s meet some of them and you can buy them at good prices in our online shop. ·Guanfu Museum: Blind boxes of Guanfu cats Guanfu Museum is famous for the lovely cats of the museum. So the museum has designed six cat-themed blind boxes. In the boxes, each cat is sitting in a beautiful ancient bowl and holding a cultural relic(文物 ), including a sword from the Ming Dynasty and a bronze mirror from the Jin Dynasty. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 4 Original price(原价): 50 yuan NOW ONLY: 40 yuan ·Shanghai Museum: Luggage tags(行李牌) Are you preparing for your next wonderful trip? And have you hung a luggage tag on your luggage case? If not, you can check out luggage tags designed by Shanghai Museum: They have four different patterns, including a dragon and a pair of birds to wish you a safe journey! Original price: 35 yuan NOW ONLY: 30 yuan Products like these not only catch the attention to many young people, but also encourage them to get close to cultural relics and understand history, and light their love for traditional Chinese culture. Do you like them? 11．What can you buy in Guanfu museum? A．Luggage tags B．Blind boxes C．PostcardsD．Chocolates 12．We can buy ______ different patterns of luggage tags? A．Six B．Four C．Three D．Five 13．How much can you save if you buy a blind box and a luggage tag in the shop? A．70 yuan B．85 yuan C．15 yuan D．50 yuan 14．We can know from the passage that ______. A．we can get a dragon with a cultural relic in the blind box. B．the bronze mirror in the blind box is from Ming Dynasty. C．the luggage tags are cultural products with good wishes. D．the price of these cultural products in the online shop is higher. 15．Where is the passage most probably from? A．A storybook. B．A history magazine. C．A science book. D．A shopping website. Passage 4 It’s the weekend, and you decide to visit to your grandma who lives alone. When you arrive, however, you realize that she has another visitor, and you hear through the door the two of them laughing. You walk in and find that the visitor, sitting across the dining table from your grandma, is a robot. It’s laughing at your grandma’s joke. Such a robot is something that a team of scientists at Kyoto University in Japan are working toward. They are teaching a robot named Erica how to laugh while talking to a human. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 5 “We think that one of the important abilities of robots is empathy” said Dr. Koji Inoue, the leader of the team. So we decided that one way a robot can empathize with users is to share their laughter. Erica’s development began with recording different human laughter. The scientists recorded more than 80 conversations. Then they studied the conversations and put the laughter in these conversations into different groups. Next, they trained Erica to learn the characteristics of each group of laughter in order to show them correctly in different situations. Although the scientists have made some encouraging progress, they said that we are not able to have a natural talk with Erica as we have with a friend now. But then wait a few years, and you may find your own self at that dining table, telling jokes to a robot named Erica. 16．How does the writer introduce the topic of the passage? A．By asking a question B．By listing numbers C．By giving an example D．By making a comparison 17．Scientists are teaching Erica how ______ while talking to a human. A．to do housework B．to laugh C．to do homework D．to write 18．What does the underlined word “empathy” in the third paragraph mean? A．understanding B．talking C．crying D．dreaming 19．Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage? A．The writer thinks we can have a natural talk with a robot in a few years. B．The laughing robot is invented by a team of scientists in Japan. C．The scientists have recorded only 80 conversations in the robot called Erica. D．Scientists think one of the most important abilities of laughing robots is empathy. 20．Which can be the best title for the passage? A．AVisitor of My Grandma B．Laughing Robot C．Scientists of Japan D．Sharing Laughter Passage 5 New Energy in the Twenty-First Century Energy from the windAll over the world, people use the power of the wind. It is a clean source of energy, and there is lots of it in nature. But if the wind does not blow, there is no wind energy. Energy from the waterWhen water moves from a high place to a lower place it has the power to make electricity. In Britain, water-power produces enough energy to power a town with 40,000 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 6 people. Water-power gives energy without pollution, but using this kind of power needs oceans of water, so people have to build dams to intercept (拦截) water, but building dams is very expensive. Energy from the earthThere is heat in the rocks under the earth. Scientists use the heat to make geothermal (地热的 ) energy. San Francisco gets half of the energy that it needs from geothermal power. This kind of energy is cheap, but it is only possible in a few places in the world. Energy from the sunSolar panels (太阳能电池板) on the roofs of houses and buildings can turn energy from the sun into electricity. These panels can create enough energy to heat the whole house during winter. Solar power is clean and plentiful, but when the weather is bad, it can’t produce power. 21．How many kinds of energy does the passage talk about? A．2. B．3. C．4. D．5. 22．What kind of energy depend much on the weather according to the passage? A．Energy from the water and energy from the wind. B．Energy from the water and energy from the earth. C．Energy from the earth and energy from the sun. D．Energy from the wind and energy from the sun. 23．All these kinds of energies in the passage are ________. A．expensive B．clean C．easy to get D．difficult to get 24．What’s the Chinese meaning of the underlined word “dams”? A．大坝 B．发电机 C．铲车 D．抽水泵 25．According to the passage, we can know all these kinds of energies ________. A．have advantages and disadvantagesB．are widely used in China C．are widely used in America D．are widely used in the world Passage 6 There are sound of people talking and music in the air all around you. The sounds are carried by radio waves（无线电波）. There are radio waves everywhere indoors and outdoors. You cannot see or feel radio waves. You can only hear radio waves if you turn on a radio. Radios turn radio waves into sounds. Radios need electricity in order to work. Radios have a power button that lets you turn the radio on or off. Radios have a button control that lets you play the sound loudly or softly. Radios also have 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 7 a button for you to choose your favorite stations. Each station has a special number. A radio station sends electrical signals through wires to a tall tower. Electrical signals get changed into radio waves at the tower. The tower sends the radio waves out in all directions. Then radios can pick up radio waves in the air through their special wire（电线）. Radios first turn the radio waves into electrical signals（信号）. Then they turn the electrical signals into the sound of music, traffic and weather reports, or other news. Some programs are played on AM radio waves. Some programs on FM waves. AM radio waves travel farther than FM waves, but FM waves make clearer sounds. Most radios can pick up both AM and FM radio waves. 26．In order to work, radios need ________. A．heat B．sound C．electricity D．light 27．Different numbers on the radio represent different ________. A．sounds B．radio stations C．TV programs D．waves 28．From the passage, we can know that radios receive the radio waves from ________. A．a radio station B．batteries C．a button D．a tall tower 29．Which of the following is TRUE? A．FM waves make sounds clearer. B．There are radio waves only outdoors. C．The radio waves can’t be turned into electrical signals. D．AM radio waves make sound louder. 30．What’s the passage mainly about? A．How to make radios B．Where to make radios. C．When to invent radios. D．An introduction about radios. Passage 7 When Claire Vlases of Montana was in Grade 7, she learned about plans to modernize her middle school. Claire asked the school board（董事会）to add solar panels to the project because, she 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 8 explained, clean energy would be helpful to a really modern school. The board liked the idea but said it could offer just $ 25,000-one-fifth of the cost. So Claire organized a group of kids and grown-ups who set to work raising the rest. They sold their second-hand books, put on talent shows and asked for donations（捐赠）, even going door-to-door for them. One donated more than half the cost! After two years of hard work, the group paid for the solar panels, which now provide one-fourth of the school’s electricity needs-saving the neighborhood thousands of dollars. “My favorite part about this project was that one person could start something small and then the project could grow and have a big influence on the community,” Claire said. “There are always going to be hard parts. When there’s a challenge（挑战）presented to you, you can learn from it and use it as chance to overcome it.” 31．After knowing the project was still in need of money, Claire ________. A．raised $ 25,000 B．asked for more help C．sold old newspapers D．donated half the cost 32．What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph2 refer to（指代）? A．Solar panels. B．Second-hand books. C．Shows. D．Donations. 33．Which picture shows the change of the electricity cost after the use of solar panels? A． B． C． D． 34．From Claire’s words in the last paragraph, we learn that ________. A．hard work was her favorite B．the project went smoothly C．a small thing makes a big difference D．solar panels cost a lot 35．What would be the best title for the text? A．ADependent Girl B．AModern School C．Don’t Waste Energy D．Never Give Up Passage 8 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 9 If English means endless new words, difficult grammar and sometimes strange pronunciation, you are wrong. Haven’t you noticed that you have become smarter since you started to learn a language? According to a new study by a British university, learning a second language can lead to an increase in your brain power. Researchers found that learning other languages changes grey matter. This is the area of the brain which processes information. It is similar to the way that exercise builds muscles（肌肉）. The study also found the effect（效果） is greater when the younger people learn a second language. A team led by Dr. Andrea Mechelli, from University College London, took a group of Britons who only spoke English. They were compared with a group of “early bilinguals” who had learnt a second language before the age of five, as well as a number of later learners. Scans showed that grey matter density（密度）in the brain was greater in bilinguals than in people without a second language. But the longer a person waited before mastering a new language（结构）, the smaller the difference. “Our finding suggest that the structure of the brain is changed by the experience of learning a second language,” said the scientists. It means that the change itself increases the ability to learn. Professor Dylan Vaughan Jones of the University of Wales, has researched the link between bilingualism and math skills. “Having two languages gives you two windows on the world and makes the brain more flexible（灵活的）,” he said. “You are actually going beyond language and have a better understanding of different ideas.” The findings had the same result in a study of native Italian speakers who had learned English as a second language between the ages of two and thirty﹣ four. Reading, writing and comprehension were all tested. The results showed that the younger they started to learn, the better. “Studying a language means you get an entrance to another world,” explained the scientists. 36．From Paragraph 1 and 2, we can learn that ________. A．learning a second language can make you smarter B．grammar is not very important in learning English C．you can start to learn another language if you are smart D．it is best to learn a second language in a British university 37．The underlined word “bilinguals” in Paragraph 3 most probably means ________. A．people who study language learning B．people who can speak two languages C．languages spoken by British people 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 10 D．languages children learn before five 38．Dr. Andrea Mechelli and his team have found that ________. A．it is not very good to start learning a language too early B．it usually takes quite a long time to master a new language C．learning a second language changes the structure of the brain D．people who don’t learn a second language have no grey matter 39．In the last two paragraphs, the writer tells us that ________. A．the younger you start to learn a second language, the better B．improving math skills is as difficult as learning a second language C．Italian people are supposed to learn English as a second language D．the best age to learn a second language is between two and thirty﹣four 40．What’s this passage mainly about? ________ A．Language learning and math skills. B．How to learn a second language well. C．The importance of learning English. D．The good effect of learning a language. Passage 9 Almost every day, we learn of disasters (灾难) of one form or another through the Internet. Having a basic emergency (紧急情况) bag at home can be a lifesaver. These tips aim to help you develop your personal preparedness plan. A rucksack (帆布背包) is more practical than a suitcase, as it allows you to have both hands free. The emergency rucksack should contain these things: Food &Drink Drinking is more important than eating. Keep about 2 bottles of water per person a day in your rucksack. Make sure your food can be stored for long periods of time and that most of them can be eaten cold. First-aid medicine Bandages, scissors, cotton balls and gauze (纱布), medical alcohol spray (酒精喷雾) are needed in most of the emergency. Clothing Put some light clothes and shoes in your rucksack, and it’ll be better if the clothes and shoes are Radio &flashlight (手电筒) The Internet only works when there is electric power, which could fail in a 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 11 waterproof.(防水的) disaster. A radio or a flashlight can help you keep in touch with others then. Put the rucksack in the place where you can get it in the shortest time. 41．The passage is written to ________. A．tell people about disasters B．ask people to save others in a disaster C．encourage people to buy food and drink D．provide tips on how to prepare an emergency bag 42．What is the advantage of using a rucksack instead of a suitcase for an emergency bag? A．A rucksack is waterproof. B．A rucksack is cheaper than a suitcase. C．A rucksack allows you to have both hands free. D．A rucksack can hold more things than a suitcase. 43．From the passage, we know that ________. A．food is more important than water B．bandages, scissors and knives should be put in the rucksack C．a radio or a flashlight can make the Internet work in a disaster D．waterproof clothes and shoes are better choices for an emergency bag Passage 10 (Pinocchio has been given coins that he is supposed to take to Geppetto. Before he can get home, the fairy Olivia, who once rescued (营救) him, has made him take some medicine.) “And the four pieces—where have you put them?” asked Olivia. “I have lost them!” said Pinocchio, but he was telling a lie, for he had them in his pocket. His nose, which was already long, grew at once two inches longer. “And where did you lose them?” “In the wood near here.” At this second lie, his nose went on growing. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 12 “If you have lost them in the wood near here,” said Olivia, “we shall find them, because everything that is lost in that wood is always found.” “Ah! I remember all about it,” replied Pinocchio, “I didn’t lose the four gold pieces, I swallowed (吞咽) them while I was taking your medicine.” At this lie, his nose grew so long that poor Pinocchio could not move in any direction. If he turned to one side, he struck (碰撞) his nose against the bed, and if he turned to the other, he struck it against the walls or the door. Olivia looked at him and laughed. “What are you laughing at?” asked Pinocchio, very anxious at finding his nose growing so hugely. “I am laughing at the lie you have told.” “And how can you know that I have told a lie?” “Lies, my dear boy, are found out easily, because they are of two sorts. There are lies that have short legs, and lies that have long noses. Your lie, as it happens, is one of those that have a long nose.” Pinocchio, not knowing where to hide himself for shame, tried to run out of the room, but he did not succeed, for his nose had increased so much that it could no longer pass through the door. 44．Where did Pinocchio say he lost his coins? A．In the wood. B．In the room. C．In his pocket. D．In the bed. 45．According to the passage, which of the following is right? A．Olivia gave four coins to Pinocchio. B．Olivia knew that Pinocchio was lying. C．Pinocchio was worried when he lost the coins. D．Pinocchio found it interesting to have a long nose. 46．This passage is probably taken from ________ A．a sports newspaper B．a tourist handbook C．a fairy tale book D．a science magazine 47．What would Pinocchio most probably do later? A．He would run away from the room. B．He would look at Olivia and laugh at her. C．He would go to the wood to find the coins. D．He would say sorry to Olivia and ask her for help. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 13 Passage 11 What is the hamburger writing model? It is a paragraph（段落） writing organizer that includes the topic sentence, the body and the closing sentence. One paragraph starts with 1-2 sentences which tell your main idea. The body of the paragraph includes text evidence（证据）and examples that support your main idea. Linking words can be used between details to make your writing flow. Then you can sum up（总结）your main idea with one or two closing sentences. It can sometimes help you to move on to the next paragraph. Here is one example. My favorite season is summer. First, I go on vacation to the beach every summer. Next, I play outside with my friends. Third, I can eat lots of ice cream. Finally, I go swimming at the pool with my family. ________. 48．This passage can help students with their ________ skills. A．listening B．speaking C．reading D．writing 49．According to hamburger writing model the first 1 or 2 sentences of a paragraph usually ________. A．tell the main idea B．provide evidence and examples C．express many opinions D．move on to the next paragraph 50．Which of the following sentences can be put in the blank（空白处）? A．My sister loves summer, too. B．As you can see, summer is the best. C．Let’s talk about autumn. D．Which season comes after summer? Passage 12 ①Love them or hate them, emojis have become an important part of our 21st century culture. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 14 Over 90% of the world’s 4.6 billion internet users send them every day. In 2015, Oxford Dictionaries chose Face With Tears of Joy as its Word of the Year. ②However, some language experts are against this form of communication. They consider it a step back into the dark ages of illiteracy(没文化). Emojis, they say, are making us lose the ability to speak. People are depending on these “picture characters” rather than words to express their feelings. ③I want to challenge this opinion. I’m afraid these experts have misunderstood how communication works. ④Emojis aren’t taking the place of language. Instead, they are making our messages more understandable. Here is an example. Without an emoji, what means by the following message would be puzzling(迷惑): “Hey, I fell over and got my head hit on the kitchen cupboard.” My friend on the other side of the phone might have difficulty working out my true feelings. Should he laugh (“Ha-ha! You’re so silly!”) or take pity on me (“Oh, hope it doesn’t hurt too badly”)? However, using an emoji( or )will spell out the meaning behind my words. Emojis are to text messages what body language is to spoken communication. They allow us to communicate better. ⑤So, as long as we don’t overuse emojis, these lovely characters are helpful. 51．In 2015, ________ dictionaries chose ________ as its Word of the Year. A．Oxford, B．Longman, C．Oxford, D．Collins, 52．Some language experts are against this form of communication because ________. A．they think there are too many emojis for people to choose B．they think emojis stop people speaking C．they think using emojis is a step back into the dark ages of illiteracy D．they think using emojis is not good for people to express their feelings 53．The writer supported his own opinion by ________. A．showing some numbers B．giving an example C．drawing a pie chart D．showing research results 54．Which of the following is the correct structure of this passage? A．①List some facts of emojis—②Stat e the experts’ opinions—③④⑤State the writer’s opinion B．①②State the experts’ opinions of using emojis—③④⑤State the writer’s opinion 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 15 C．①List some facts of emojis—②State the experts’ opinions—③④State the writer’s opinion—⑤ Close the passage D．①Introduce some emojis—②State the experts’ opinions—③④⑤State the writer’s opinion Passage 13 No matter where you live, you can see some birds in your gardens, schools or parks. Let’s find out more about them. With their red breast and face, robins are easy to find, though they are only around 13 cm long. Robins can be seen in gardens throughout cities, towns and villages. They lay 4—6 eggs yearly. You will often hear them sing “tic tic tic” song in the evening. Blackbirds are usually black with an orange or a brown beak (mouth of the birds). They are larger than robins, around 25 cm long. They can be found in fields. You can hear them sing in the evening with their tuneful song, “tuk tuk tuk”. Although they are of small sizes, around 9 cm long, and weighing as much as a coin, wrens are not the smallest birds in the world. They’re good at hiding in trees. Adult wrens lay 5-8 eggs. If there are wrens around your house, you are likely to hear loud “teck teck teck” songs. 55．How many eggs does a robin lay a year? A．2—3. B．4—6. C．5—8. D．9—12. 56．Which of the following song is from blackbirds? A．“Tink tink tink”. B．“Tic tic tic”. C．“Tuk tuk tuk”. D．“Teck teck teck”. 57．Where can we find hidden wrens? A．In fields. B．In houses. C．In schools. D．In trees. Passage 14 Once upon a time, there were two gods, Tepeu and Gucumatz. They came together to create the world. When they thought of “earth”, land formed in the darkness. Then they thought of mountains, trees and sky. All of these things appeared as soon as they thought of them, and this is how the world was created. Tepeu and Gucumatz decided that they needed beings there to praise their names as the creators. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 16 So they created deer and birds. But the animals could not speak. Disappointed, the makers agreed that they would have to create better beings, ones who would be able to admire them properly. The new beings, humans, seemed perfect. They thanked the gods for their lives. Tepeu and Gucumatz were pleased. “What do you see?” they asked the men. “We can see forever, through trees and mountains. We can see your creation, with all of its animals and plants. We can see and understand everything!” Tepeu and Gucumatz looked at each other, “Perhaps we made these beings too perfect. They should not see as well as we do!” The gods weakened humans’ eye sight so they could only see things close to them. Thus, their understanding of the world was weakened. Even today their eye sight and understanding of the world remain imperfect. 58．How did the two gods create the world? A．By painting. B．By talking. C．By thinking. D．By copying. 59．Why did the gods need beings? A．To admire the gods. B．To look after the world. C．To create the animals and plants. D．To understand everything. 60．In what order did the story happen? ①Humans appeared on the earth. ②The gods created the world. ③Human’s understanding of the world became imperfect. ④Deer and birds were created. ⑤Human’s eye sight was weakened. A．②④①⑤③ B．②①⑤④③ C．②④①③⑤ D．①③⑤④② 61．In which part of the magazine can we read this article? A．Animals. B．Health. C．Science. D．Stories. Passage 15 How can we make a difference to the environment? There are many things we can do. 62 More than 30% of carbon emissions (碳排放) come from cars and trucks. We should look for better choices. Buses and trains are good ways for many people to travel A．Shop Locally B．Give Away Your Things 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 17 together. This means fewer cars on the road and less air pollution. It also helps reduce traffic jams and make the city more enjoyable for everyone. C． Reduce Packaging Waste D．Use Public Transportation 63 Shopping in your own community helps support your neighbors. It also reduces the need for long-distance transportation and packaging (打包). This will be friendly to the environment. Besides, local products are often of high quality. When you shop locally, you’re helping the vitality (活 力) of your community. 64 Do you have any things you don’t need anymore? Instead of throwing them away, consider giving these things to someone for reuse. This reduces waste, keeps things out of landfills (填埋地) and saves resources. Besides, it feels good to help others. It’s a simple way that can make a big difference. Passage 16 It was a cold and cloudy afternoon at the end of winter. I put on my hockey pads, picked up my bag and ran towards the car. My heart was racing because I was getting ready to try out for the Boston Junior Team. “Dad,” as we drove, I said, “I’m really nervous. Will I make it?” “You’ll do fine, Emily,” he said to me comfortingly. “I know what kind of player you are. No matter what, give your all.” “OK,” I answered. When I arrived at the rink (冰场), I greeted some friends who were also trying out. I tied my 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 18 skates and carefully stepped out onto the ice. After a while, we were divided into two teams, and the match started. I tried to stay focused but still felt nervous. I messed up a few times. Sometimes I passed too early, took a bad shot, or didn’t make a play I probably should have. I felt like my skates had minds of their own, but I remembered what my dad said: I should give my all. I kept trying to make the best play possible. My dad’s words pushed me to keep going. After the match, some players were pleased, while others seemed to be in the same situation as me, feeling like their playing was awful. I got home and told my parents that I didn’t think I would make the team, and I went to sleep without dinner. As I was eating breakfast the next morning, my mother, to my surprise, walked into the kitchen with a wide smile on her face. “The coach just emailed me. You’ve made it!”she said excitedly. I was so relieved (如释重负) and shocked at the same time. I got up and hugged her, then read the email for myself, still unable to believe it was true. That day, I realized that I may not be the most talented person there, but if I try my hardest, I can do anything. 65．How did the writer feel before the match started? A．Confident. B．Excited. C．Nervous. D．Angry. 66．During the match, Emily ________. A．made some mistakes B．talked with her father again C．asked her coach for help D．broke her skates by accident 67．From her experience, Emily learned about ________. A．the value of talent B．the power of putting in full effort C．the strength of teamwork D．the importance of planning ahead Passage 17 Before the invention of air-conditioning, southern China’s skywells played a key role in keeping people’s homes cool. Could they do it again today? 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 19 A skywell, or “tian jing”, is a typical feature (特色) of a traditional home in southern and eastern China, which can date back to Ming and Qing dynasties. A skywell is almost always in the center of a house. It is enclosed by rooms on four sides or three sides plus a wall. It acts as a transitional (过渡 的) space between indoor life and the outdoor environment. Skywells were designed to cool buildings. When wind blows above a skywell house, it can enter the indoor space through the opening. As the cool outdoor air travels down the walls to the lower storeys, it replaces warmer indoor air, enabling the bottom of the skywell to stay cool. Even when there is no natural wind, air circulation (循环) still takes place, because the temperature is different between the top and bottom of the skywell. Moreover, another part of the cooling effect comes from the evaporation (蒸发 ) of water. People collect rainwater in their skywells, and when the water evaporates, it cools hot air. Today, although fewer and fewer people live in skywell houses, some designers take a new interest in the traditional Chinese buildings. They are getting creative ideas from skywells to help keep new buildings cooler. One example is the National Heavy Vehicle Engineering Technology Research Centre in Jinan, which was completed in 2022. The 18-storey glass-walled tower block has a huge skywell in the middle, from the fifth to the top floor. The lifts, toilets and meeting rooms are all set around the skywell, which helps improve the lighting and air circulation of the building and cut the overall use of energy. Although ancient “green wisdom” like skywells has caught more attention of modern Chinese people, there are some challenges for bringing skywells into modern designs. For one thing, traditional skywells highly depend on their natural conditions, like how much sunlight or rainfall in the area, so adding skywells into modern buildings requires designers to fully consider their projects’ situations. Meanwhile, lighting, air conditioning and water supply have become so convenient that we depend on them with little care about the environmental cost. So it won’t be easy to be green by learning from the past without considering our present behaviours. 68．What do we know about skywells? A．Skywells are typical in western China. B．Skywells are enclosed by glass on four sides. C．Natural wind is kept out of the house by skywells. D．Water evaporation in skywells takes the heat away. 69．Why does the writer mention the 18-storey glass-walled tower block in Paragraph 4? A．To show that skywell design can be creatively used in mordern buildings. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 20 B．To prove that modern skywells are different from the traditional ones. C．To present how glass walls can improve the lighting of buildings. D．To explain why fewer and fewer people live in skywell houses. 70．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A．Skywells: A Traditional Design to Be Protected B．Skywells: Ancient Wisdom for Modern Times C．Skywells: A Green Structure to Be Improved D．Skywells: Modern Technology for City Lives Passage 18 In the face of all kinds of changes in nature and life, our survival and development have been closely tied to our complexity. An idea called self-complexity refers to people’s thoughts about their different roles. It is the key to a strong and lasting identity (the sense of self) which can help us go through unexpected changes we all face. With self-complexity, people have developed various parts to their identities. For example, imagine a woman who sees herself as student, wife, daughter and tennis player and who has a wide variety of life experiences. Social scientists would say that she has high self-complexity. On the other hand, a man who regards himself only as a student or only as a member of the hockey team and who has limited life experiences would be said to have low self-complexity. For those with high self-complexity, the various parts of the self are separate. This means the positive and negative thoughts about a certain part of the self won’t affect (影响) thoughts about other parts. A large body of research shows that if you depend too much on any one part of the self, you will become fragile. When one’s identity connects too closely with the only one part that he cares deeply, then one will easily get stressed and burnt out when unexpected changes appear. This is especially true for an athlete during periods of change when his main—and all too often, only—sense of identity feels at risk. Yet while it may be heightened for athletes, it’s a pattern that holds true in all walks of life: if you want to be excellent and experience something fully, then you’ve got to go all in, but only to a point. If your identity becomes too involved in any one part, then you are likely to suffer when things change. So what you need to do is to challenge yourself to put the various parts of your identity into a whole. This allows you to emphasize (强调 ) and reemphasize certain parts of your identity at different periods of time. The result is a fluid (流动的) sense of self. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 21 Developing a fluid sense of self doesn’t mean you can be careless or just do things without effort. Caring deeply about the people, activities, and projects you love is undoubtedly the key to a rich and meaningful life. The problem is not caring deeply; it is when your identity is too closely fixed to any single goal. 71．Which most probably shows you have high self-complexity? A．You complete your science project with music on. B．You turn to the people around you when in trouble. C．You make an effort to improve English through practice. D．You keep a balance between schoolwork and sports training. 72．The word “fragile” in Paragraph 3 probably means “________”. A．cold B．lazy C．weak D．careless 73．What can we learn from the passage? A．Most people get stressed out more easily than athletes. B．A strong identity comes from going all in for a single goal. C．Doing well in one area betters other parts of a person’s identity. D．Developing a fluid sense of self helps deal with unexpected changes. 74．What’s the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To introduce different ways to face challenges. B．To stress the importance of trying hard in one area. C．To remind us to care about various parts of the self. D．To discuss the meaning of a strong and lasting identity. Passage 19 As David was watching a family riding by on bikes, he remembered how some older boys laughed at him when he was practicing riding the bike last time. David knew he was too big for training wheels. “Mom,” said David, with tears in his eyes. “Why is Dad always working? He promised to help me take off those training wheels and teach me to ride.” David complained to Mom. “You know, he is under quite a lot of pressure now with his new job. Let’s give him a break,” Mom said, “Why not let me help you? We can give Dad a surprise when he gets back from work.” David sighed but agreed. Wearing his helmet（头盔）, he rode the bike without training wheels. “You’d have to hold the bike for me.” 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 22 “Don’t worry,” Mom replied. The bike felt shaky when he got on, but David knew Mom wouldn’t let him fall. Slowly they moved farther. “You’d have to run with me,” he said, riding faster. “Come on, David. You can do it,” Mom said. The soft wind kissed David’s face as he rode along. “Then you’d have to let go.” “I already did,” a voice came from behind him. David turned his head and saw Mom waving, with a big smile on her face. He then rode back to his mother. It felt scary, but it also felt cool. He was riding like a big kid! Mom hugged him. “I’m proud of you! I’m sure Dad will be, too.” Later that day when Dad’s car pulled over, David rode to him on his bike, shaky but excited. “Wow, really? Without your training wheels, ha? I’m so proud of you!” “Thanks, but you know what, Dad? I can’t wait to ride bikes together with you and Mom.” “How about now?” 75．David cried at first because ________. A．he had a fight with his mom B．other boys often laughed at him C．his bicycle was old and shaky D．his dad failed to keep his promise 76．While practicing riding without the training wheels, David felt ________. A．painful but lucky B．nervous but excited C．angry but thankful D．upset but confident 77．At the end of the story, David would probably ________. A．ask Dad for a new helmet B．join other boys in cycling C．ride bikes with his parents D．plan a family trip with Dad Passage 20 Research shows that there’s actually something people can do to reduce the risk for dementia(痴 呆). Just put on a step counter and start checking your steps-walking between 3,800 and 9,800 steps each day helps to cut down dementia risk. The study found that people between the ages of 40 and 79 who took 9,826 steps per day were 50% less likely to develop dementia within seven years. Furthermore, people who walked with “purpose”-—at a pace over 40 steps a minute—were able to cut their risk of dementia by 57% with just 6,315 steps a day. “It is a brisk(轻快的 ) walking activity, like a power walk,” said Borja Del 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 23 Pozo Cruz, a researcher in health sciences for University of Cadiz in Spain. The study showed even people who walked 3,800 steps a day at any speed cut their risk of dementia by 25%. “That would be enough, at first, for inactive people,” said Cruz in an email. “In fact, it is a message that doctors could use to make very inactive older adults move—3,800 steps is very doable for many, even those that are less fit,” he added. “Perhaps, more active and fitter people should aim for 10,000, where we see the greatest effects.” But there was an even more interesting result coming out of the study: The largest reduction in dementia risk—62%—was achieved by people who walked at a very brisk speed of 112 steps per minute for 30 minutes a day. Earlier research described 100 steps a minute as a “brisk” level of intensity(强度) in their article Is 112 the New 10,000. Dr. Okonkwo and Dr. Planalp, two researchers on dementia, argued that 112 seemed easier to achieve than 10,000 steps a day, and people looking to reduce their dementia risk focus on their walking speed over their walked distance. The researchers agree this is a very interesting finding, and they note that intensity of stepping matters more than how far people usually walk if they want to stay smart after aging. Technology could be used to follow not only number of steps but also speed. These types of numbers can also be put in common watches, but more research is needed. 78．What can we know from Cruz’s study? A．100 steps a minute is a must for older people. B．Step length matters in reducing dementia risk. C．Inactive people can start with 3,800 steps a day. D．Young people should aim for 10,000 steps a day. 79．Why does the writer mention the article Is 112 the New 10,000? A．To question the effect of a power walk. B．To show the benefits of purposeful walk. C．To prove the importance of walking speed. D．To stress the advantages of walking distance. 80．What is the best title for the passage? A．Walk Wisely and Stay Smart B．Walk Faster or Walk Forever? C．Stay Active and Walk Ahead D．Wear Counters or Watch Others? 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 专项 4 阅读理解（解析版） 快速对答案： 题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 答案 B C B A B C D D A B 题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 答案 B B C C D C B A C B 题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 答案 C D B A A C B D A D 题号 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 答案 B D C C D A B C A D 题号 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 答案 D C D A B C D D A B 题号 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 答案 A C B C B C D C A A 题号 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 答案 D D A B C A B D A B 题号 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 答案 D C D C D B C C C A Passage 1 1．B 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了四条著名的河流。 1．细节理解题。根据“The Nile River is the longest river in the world.”可知，尼罗河是世界上最 长的河流。故选 B。 2．细节理解题。根据“There are nearly 150 species of fish living there today. Other animals also live in and around it, like snakes and other reptiles.”可知，不同于其他河流，恒河有多种鱼类和其他动 物。故选 C。 3．细节理解题。根据“However, geologists (地质学家) have considered it as the oldest river in the world. That’s the reason why this river is well-known!”可知，芬克河以其历史而闻名。故选 B。 4． 细节理解题。根据“The Amazon River is the second-longest river in the world. But it has the largest discharge (流量) in the world, up to 209,000 m3 /second! The Congo River, with the second 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 2 largest discharge, has only one fifth discharge of it!”可知，亚马孙河的流量是 209000 m3/s，刚果 河是其五分之一，即约 41800 m3/s。故选 A。 5．推理判断题。本文介绍了四条著名的河流，最有可能在地理专栏阅读到这篇文章。故选 B。 Passage 2 6．C 7．D 8．D 9．A 10．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了在未来的旅行中可以享受的东西。 6．细节理解题。根据“To catch people’s eyes and increase the numbers of passengers, European airline (航空公司) easyJet has made some predictions and released (发布) easyJet 2070”可知，是为 了吸引眼球并增加乘客的数量，故选 C。 7．词义猜测题。根据“The seats on the plane are only one size”可知，飞机上的座位只有一个尺 寸，这会让乘客不满意，故选 D。 8．推理判断题。根据“By wearing the AR glasses, you can see what happened at a historic place, such as a famous battle (战役). ”可知，通过戴上 AR眼镜，你可以看到一个历史地点发生了什么， 比如一场著名的战役。所以 D选项符合，故选 D。 9．篇章结构题。文章第一段是引出下文未来旅行的令人震惊的想法；第二段到第四段是具体 介绍了这些很酷的想法；最后一段是以问句结尾。所以文章是总分总结构，故选 A。 10．主旨大意题。根据全文可知，本文主要讲述了在未来的旅行中可以享受的东西。故选 B。 Passage 3 11．B 12．B 13．C 14．C 15．D 【导语】本文是一则广告。主要介绍了两个中国博物馆制作文化创意产品吸引人们的关注，也 鼓励人们走近文物，了解历史。 11．细节理解题。根据“So the museum has designed six cat-themed blind boxes.”可知，在观府博 物馆里，人们可以买到“盲盒”。故选 B。 12．细节理解题。根据“They have four different patterns, including a dragon and a pair of birds to wish you a safe journey!”可知，此处提到“4种”不同的样式。故选 B。 13．推理判断题。根据文章中“ Original price: 50 yuan NOW ONLY: 40 yuan; Original price: 35 yuan NOW ONLY: 30 yuan”可知，盲盒和行李牌都有折扣，分别少 10元和 5元，一起买则节 省了 15元。故选 C。 14．细节理解题。根据“They have four different patterns, including a dragon and a pair of birds to 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 3 wish you a safe journey!”可知，行李牌带有美好祝愿，属于文化产品。故选 C。 15．推理判断题。个别化“Let’s meet some of them and you can buy them at good prices in our online shop.”可知，本文可能出自“购物网站”。故选 D。 Passage 4 16．C 17．B 18．A 19．C 20．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文中介绍了一种能够与人类互动，能笑的机器人。 16．细节理解题。根据“When you arrive, however, you realize that she has another visitor…It’s laughing at your grandma’s joke.”可知第一段通过举例子来开始文章的。故选 C。 17．细节理解题。根据“They are teaching a robot named Erica how to laugh while talking to a human.”可知科学家正在教 Erica笑。故选 B。 18．词义猜测题。根据“So we decided that one way a robot can empathize with users is to share their laughter.”可知后文提到了情绪的互动，因此划线词是“理解”。故选 A。 19．细节理解题。根据“Erica’s development began with recording different human laughter. The scientists recorded more than 80 conversations.”可知选项 C“科学家们在这个名为 Erica的机器人 上只记录了 80段对话。”表述错误，应该是记录了 80多段对话。故选 C。 20．标题归纳题。通读全文，本文是一篇说明文，文中介绍了一种能够与人类互动，能笑的机 器人。因此选 B“会笑的机器人”符合题意，故选 B。 Passage 5 21．C 22．D 23．B 24．A 25．A 【导语】文章是一篇说明文，主要介绍了四种清洁能源。 21．细节理解题。根据“Energy from the wind”、“Energy from the water”、“Energy from the earth” 以及“Energy from the sun”可知，文章介绍了四种能源。故选 C。 22．细节理解题。根据“But if the wind does not blow, there is no wind energy.”以及“Solar power is clean and plentiful, but when the weather is bad, it can’t produce power.”可知，风能和太阳能依赖 天气。故选 D。 23．细节理解题。根据“It is a clean source of energy”、“Water-power gives energy without pollution”、 “ Scientists use the heat to make geothermal (地热的) energy.”和“Solar power is clean”并结合常识 可知，风能、水能、地热能和太阳能都是清洁能源。故选 B。 24．词句猜测题。根据“so people have to build dams to intercept water”可知，此处指利用水能需 要修建大坝来拦截水，因此 dams的意思为“大坝”。故选 A。 25．细节理解题。根据“But if the wind does not blow, there is no wind energy.”、“but building dams 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 4 is very expensive.”、“This kind of energy is cheap, but it is only possible in a few places in the world.” 以及“Solar power is clean and plentiful, but when the weather is bad, it can't produce power.”可知， 这些能源有优点也有缺点。故选 A。 Passage 6 26．C 27．B 28．D 29．A 30．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。这篇文章简单介绍了无线电波的特性和使用方式，包括无线电波 的传播方式、收音机的工作原理以及 AM和 FM两种不同类型的无线电波。 26．细节理解题。根据“Radios need electricity in order to work.”可知，收音机需要电力才能工作， 故选 C。 27．细节理解题。根据“Each station has a special number.”可知，每个电台都有一个特殊的号码。 故选 B。 28．推理判断题。根据“Electrical signals get changed into radio waves at the tower. The tower sends the radio waves out in all directions.”可知，无线电从高塔接收无线电波。故选 D。 29．细节理解题。根据“but FM waves make clearer sounds.”可知，FM波发出的声音更清晰。故 选 A。 30．主旨大意题。通读全文，文章主要介绍了收音机的工作原理，以及 AM和 FM两种不同类 型的无线电波。故选 D。 Passage 7 31．B 32．D 33．C 34．C 35．D 【分析】学校安装太阳能电池板时资金不足，克莱尔为了帮助学校安装太阳能电池板，自己组 织了一群孩子和成年人，他们坚持不懈，寻求帮助，经过两年的艰苦努力以后，太能能电池板 成功安装，并为学校和社区节省了大量的资金。 31．细节理解题。根据第二段中“So Claire organized a group of kids and grown-ups who set to work raising the rest.”可知，在得知这个项目还需要钱的时候，克莱尔组织了一群孩子和成年人去筹 集这个项目还需要的钱，也就是说克莱尔寻求了更多的帮助。故选 B。 32．词意猜测题。Solar panels.太阳能电池板。Second-hand books.二手书。Shows.演出。Donations. 捐款。根据上文中“They sold their second-hand books, put on talent shows and asked for donations.” 可知，他们通过出售二手书，举办才艺表演来获得捐款，所以此处 them代指上文中 donations， 表示“他们甚至通过挨家挨户的方式来获得捐款”。故选 D。 33．细节理解题。根据第三段中“which now provide one-fourth of the school’s electricity needs-saving the neighborhood thousands of dollars”可知，太阳能电池板现在提供了学校四分之 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 5 一的电力需求，为社区节省了数千美元，也就是说安装了太阳能电池板以后，费用在逐步降低， 结合图示可知 C项正确。故选 C。 34．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“My favorite part about this project was that one person could start something small and then the project could grow and have a big influence on the community”可 知，克莱尔最喜欢这个项目的部分是，一个人可以开始一些小的事情，然后这个项目可以扩大， 并对社区有很大的影响，也就是说“一件小事就会有重大的影响”。故选 C。 35．选择最佳标题。根据全文内容可知，克莱尔为了帮助学校安装太阳能电池板，自己组织了 一群孩子和成年人，他们坚持不懈，永不放弃，经过两年的艰苦努力以后，太能能电池板成功 安装，并为学校和社区节省了大量的资金，所以文章最佳标题为 Never Give Up永不放弃。故 选 D。 Passage 8 36．A 37．B 38．C 39．A 40．D 【导语】本文介绍了第二语言的学习。研究表明，第二语言学习可以增加你的大脑更灵活，学 习第二语言的时间越早，就学得越好，学习两门语言会使你更聪明，对你学习其他学科有帮助。 36．推理判断题。根据“According to a new study by a British university, learning a second language can lead to an increase in your brain power.”可知，学习第二语言可以让你更聪明。故选 A。 37．词义猜测题。根据“who had learnt a second language before the age of five”（五岁以前学过 第二语言）可知此处应该是：他们用一组“早期双语者”进行比较。故选 B。 38．细节理解题。根据“Our finding suggest that the structure of the brain is changed by the experience of learning a second language,”可知，学习第二语言会改变大脑的结构。故选 C。 39．细节理解题。根据“The results showed that the younger they started to learn, the better.”可知开 始学习第二语言的年龄越小越好。故选 A。 40．主旨大意题。根据““Studying a language means you get an entrance to another world,” explained the scientists.”以及短文内容可知，本文介绍了学习一门语言的好处。故选 D。 Passage 9 41．D 42．C 43．D 【导语】本文介绍了如何制作应急包的建议。 41．细节理解题。根据“Having a basic emergency (紧急情况) bag at home can be a lifesaver. These tips aim to help you develop your personal preparedness plan.”可知，本文是为了提供如何准备应 急包的建议，故选 D。 42．细节理解题。根据“A rucksack (帆布背包) is more practical than a suitcase, as it allows you to 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 6 have both hands free.”可知，用帆布背包的好处是它可以让你解放双手。故选 C。 43．细节理解题。根据“Put some light clothes and shoes in your rucksack, and it’ll be better if the clothes and shoes are waterproof.(防水的)”可知，防水的衣服和鞋子是应急包更好的选择，故选 D。 Passage 10 44．A 45．B 46．C 47．D 【导语】本文节选自《木偶奇遇记》，主要讲述了匹诺曹撒谎了，鼻子变长的故事。 44．细节理解题。根据“And where did you lose them?”和“In the wood near here.”可知是在附近的 树林里丢的硬币。故选 A。 45．细节理解题。根据“I am laughing at the lie you have told.”可知 Olivia是知道 Pinocchio在撒 谎的，故选 B。 46．文章出处题。a sports newspaper 体育报纸；a tourist handbook旅游手册；a fairy tale book 童话书；a science magazine科学杂志。本文讲述的是 Pinocchio和 Olivia之间的对话，以及 Pinocchio撒谎后鼻子变长的故事，故选自童话书，故选 C。 47．推理判断题。根据“tried to run out of the room, but he did not succeed, for his nose had increased so much that it could no longer pass through the door.”可知他的鼻子太长而出不来，可推 测出他应该会向 Olivia道歉并请求帮忙，故选 D。 Passage 11 48．D 49．A 50．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了汉堡包写作模式。 48．细节理解题。根据“What is the hamburger writing model? It is a paragraph writing organizer that includes the topic sentence, the body and the closing sentence.”可知主要介绍的是写作技能，能帮 助学生提高写作技能。故选 D。 49．细节理解题。根据“One paragraph starts with 1-2 sentences which tell your main idea.”可知一 个段落的前一两句通常告知主要观点。故选 A。 50．推理判断题。根据“What is the hamburger writing model? It is a paragraph writing organizer that includes the topic sentence, the body and the closing sentence.”及文中对汉堡包写作模式的介绍， 可知这种写作模式到最后要有结束语，例子中先总写最喜欢夏天，分写夏天可以做什么，最后 总写夏天是最好的，空处填“As you can see, summer is the best.”。故选 B。 Passage 12 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 7 51．A 52．C 53．B 54．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍表情符号的作用和意义。 51．细节理解题。根据“In 2015, Oxford Dictionaries chose Face With Tears of Joy as its Word of the Year.”可知，2015年，《牛津词典》将“笑哭”选为年度词汇。故选 A。 52．细节理解题。根据“They consider it a step back into the dark ages of illiteracy(没文化).”可知， 他们认为这是向文盲的黑暗时代倒退了一步。故选 C。 53．细节理解题。根据“Here is an example.”可知，作者用举例的方式支持自己的观点，故选 B。 54．篇章结构题。分析文章内容可知，第一段阐述事实，第二段陈述专家意见，第三、四段陈 述作者的观点，第五段总结全文。故选 C。 Passage 13 55．B 56．C 57．D 【导语】本文介绍了三种鸟类。 55．细节理解题。根据“They lay 4—6 eggs yearly.”可知，知更鸟每年产 4—6个蛋。故选 B。 56．细节理解题。根据“You can hear them sing in the evening with their tuneful song, ‘tuk tuk tuk’.” 可知，黑鸟的歌声是“tuk tuk tuk”。故选 C。 57．细节理解题。根据“They’re good at hiding in trees.”可知，鹪鹩擅长躲在树上。故选 D。 Passage 14 58．C 59．A 60．A 61．D 【导语】本文介绍了两个神明 Tepeu和 Gucumatz如何创造世界和生物的故事。 58．细节理解题。根据“All of these things appeared as soon as they thought of them, and this is how the world was created.”可知，所有这些东西是神明一想它们就出现了，世界就是这样创造的。 故选 C。 59．细节理解题。根据“Tepeu and Gucumatz decided that they needed beings there to praise their names as the creators.”可知，Tepeu和 Gucumatz决定，他们需要创造生物来赞美神明。故选 A。 60．细节理解题。根据“and this is how the world was created.”可知，首先是神明创造世界；根 据“So they created deer and birds”可知，接着创造了鹿和鸟；根据“The new beings, humans, seemed perfect.”可知，接着创造了人类；根据“The gods weakened humans’ eye sight”可知，神明 削弱了人类的视力；根据“Even today their eye sight and understanding of the world remain imperfect.”可知，人类的视力和对世界的理解仍然不完美。正确的顺序是②④①⑤③。故选 A。 61．推理判断题。根据“Once upon a time, there were two gods, Tepeu and Gucumatz.”可知，本文 介绍的是神明创造世界和生物的故事，因此会在杂志的故事部分看到这篇文章。故选 D。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 8 Passage 15 62．D 63．A 64．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了改善环境的三种做法。 62．根据“We should look for better choices. Buses and trains are good ways for many people to travel together.”可知，公共汽车和火车是更好的出行选择，说明本段强调使用公共交通工具。 选项 D “使用公共交通工具”与之匹配。故选 D。 63．根据“Shopping in your own community helps support your neighbors. It also reduces the need for long-distance transportation and packaging (打包).”可知，在您自己的社区购物有助于支持您 的邻居。它还减少了长途运输和包装的需要。说明此段文字在介绍当地购物的好处。选项 A “当 地购物” 与之匹配。故选 A。 64．根据“Do you have any things you don’t need anymore? Instead of throwing them away, consider giving these things to someone for reuse.”可知，如果有不需要的东西，不要把它们扔掉，可以给 别人再次使用。故选项 B “把你的东西捐出去” 与之匹配。故选 B。 Passage 16 65．C 66．A 67．B 【导语】本文通过讲述 Emily一次失败的尝试，从中懂得了全力以赴的力量。 65．细节理解题。根据“I’m really nervous.”可知，作者在比赛前很紧张。故选 C。 66．细节理解题。根据“I messed up a few times. Sometimes I passed too early, took a bad shot, or didn’t make a play I probably should have.”可知，作者在比赛时有几次搞砸了。有时她传得太早， 投得不好，或者没有打出她该打出来的表现。故选 A。 67．推理判断题。根据“That day, I realized that I may not be the most talented person there, but if I try my hardest, I can do anything.”可知本文通过讲述 Emily一次失败的尝试，从中懂得了全力以 赴的力量。故选 B。 Passage 17 68．D 69．A 70．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国古代的天井如何让住宅保持凉爽以及将天井 引入现代建筑中创造性运用，但引入现代设计仍存在一些挑战。 68．细节理解题。根据第三段“Moreover, another part of the cooling effect comes from the evaporation of water. People collect rainwater in their skywells, and when the water evaporates, it cools hot air.”可知，人们在他们的天井里收集雨水，当水蒸发时，带走热量，会冷却热空气。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 9 故选 D。 69．细节理解题。根据第四段“They are getting creative ideas from skywells to help keep new buildings cooler. One example is the National Heavy Vehicle Engineering Technology Research Centre in Jinan, which was completed in 2022. The 18-storey glass-walled tower block has a huge skywell in the middle, from the fifth to the top floor.”可知，作者提到了济南的 18层的玻璃墙塔楼， 是为了展示天井设计在现代建筑中的创造性运用。故选 A。 70．最佳标题题。综合全文可知，文章主要介绍了中国古代的天井如何让住宅保持凉爽，以及 它对现代建筑设计的影响；选项 B“天井：古代智慧、现代应用”适合作为文章的标题。故选 B。 Passage 18 71．D 72．C 73．D 74．C 【导语】本文主要阐述了发展高度的自我复杂性的重要意义。 71．推理判断题。根据“For those with high self-complexity, the various parts of the self are separate. This means the positive and negative thoughts about a certain part of the self won’t affect (影响) thoughts about other parts.”可知，对于那些具有高度自我复杂性的人来说，自我的各个部分是分 开的。这意味着对自我某一部分的积极和消极想法不会影响对其他部分的想法。结合选项，如 果你在学业和运动训练之间保持平衡，这最有可能表明你有很高的自我复杂性。故选 D。 72．词句猜测题。根据“A large body of research shows that if you depend too much on any one part of the self, you will become fragile. When one’s identity connects too closely with the only one part that he cares deeply, then one will easily get stressed and burnt out when unexpected changes appear.” 可知，大量研究表明，如果你过度依赖自我的任何一个部分，你就会变得脆弱。当出现意想不 到的变化时，他很容易感到压力和倦怠。由此可知，fragile意为“脆弱”，与 week同义。故选 C。 73．推理判断题。根据“If your identity becomes too involved in any one part, then you are likely to suffer when things change. So what you need to do is to challenge yourself to put the various parts of your identity into a whole. This allows you to emphasize (强调) and reemphasize certain parts of your identity at different periods of time. The result is a fluid (流动的) sense of self.”可知，如果你 的身份过多地涉及某一部分，那么当事情发生变化时你可能会受到影响。所以你需要做的就是 挑战自己，将你身份的各个部分整合成一个整体。这使您可以在不同的时间段强调和淡化您身 份的某些部分。结果是一种流动的自我意识。由此可推测，培养流动的自我意识有助于应对意 外的变化。故选 D。 74．推理判断题。根据“Caring deeply about the people, activities, and projects you love is 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 10 undoubtedly the key to a rich and meaningful life.”可知，深入关心你所热爱的人、参加你喜欢的 活动和项目，这是丰富且有意义生活的关键。由此可知，作者写这篇文章的主要目的是提醒我 们要关心自我的各个方面。故选 C。 Passage 19 75．D 76．B 77．C 【导语】本文讲述的是大卫学骑自行车的故事。 75．细节理解题。根据“‘Mom’, said David, with tears in his eyes. ‘Why is Dad always working? He promised to help me take off those training wheels and teach me to ride.’ David complained to Mom.” 可知，因为他的爸爸没有遵守诺言。故选 D。 76．细节理解题。根据“‘Don’t worry,’Mom replied.”“The bike felt shaky when he got on, but David knew Mom wouldn’t let him fall. Slowly they moved farther.”可知，他很紧张但是因为知道妈妈在 又很自信。故选 B。 77．推理判断题。根据“Thanks, but you know what, Dad? I can’t wait to ride bikes together with you and Mom.”“How about now?”可知，大卫会和父母一起去骑车。故选 C。 Passage 20 78．C 79．C 80．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了可以做一些事情来降低痴呆症的风险。 78．细节理解题。根据第三段“In fact, it is a message that doctors could use to make very inactive older adults move—3,800 steps is very doable for many, even those that are less fit”可知，不活跃的 人一天可以走 3800步。故选 C。 79．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“argued that 112 seemed easier to achieve than 10,000 steps a day, and people looking to reduce their dementia risk focus on their walking speed over their walked distance.”可知，提文章是为了证明步行速度的重要性。故选 C。 80．最佳标题题。根据“Research shows that there’s actually something people can do to reduce the risk for dementia(痴呆).”及全文可知本文主要讲述了降低痴呆症的风险的做法。A选项“明智地 行走，保持智慧”最符合，故选 A。